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Journal articles on the topic 'Stryd'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Imbach, Frank, Robin Candau, Romain Chailan, and Stephane Perrey. "Validity of the Stryd Power Meter in Measuring Running Parameters at Submaximal Speeds." Sports 8, no. 7 (July 20, 2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports8070103.

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This study assessed the Stryd running power meter validity at sub-maximal speeds (8 to 19 km/h). Six recreational runners performed an incremental indoor running test. Power output (PO), ground contact time (GCT) and leg spring stiffness (LSS) were compared to reference measures recorded by portable metabolic analyser, force platforms and motion capture system. A Bayesian framework was conducted for systems validity and comparisons. We observed strong and positive linear relationships between Stryd PO and oxygen consumption ( R 2 = 0.82 , B F 10 > 100 ), and between Stryd PO and external mechanical power ( R 2 = 0.88 , B F 10 > 100 ). Stryd power meter underestimated PO ( B F 10 > 100 ) whereas GCT and LSS values did not show any significant differences with the reference measures ( B F 10 = 0.008 , B F 10 = 0.007 , respectively). We conclude that the Stryd power meter provides valid measures of GCT and LSS but underestimates the absolute values of PO.

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2

le Cordeur, Michael. "Bruinmense se stryd teen apartheid gedokumenteer." Tydskrif vir Geesteswetenskappe 55, no. 3 (2015): 507–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2224-7912/2015/v55n3a12.

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3

Steyn, J. C. "DIE TAALPOLITIEKE STRYD OOR 'N AFRIKAANSE RADIODIENS." South African Journal of Linguistics 5, no. 1 (January 1987): 100–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10118063.1987.9724246.

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4

Navalta, James Wilfred, Jeffrey Montes, Nathaniel G. Bodell, Charli D. Aguilar, Kara Radzak, Jacob W. Manning, and Mark DeBeliso. "Reliability of Trail Walking and Running Tasks Using the Stryd Power Meter." International Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 08 (July 9, 2019): 498–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0875-4068.

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AbstractFootpod monitors are wearable devices attaching to the shoe with the ability to sense oscillations in leg movement; however, few studies provide reliability. The purpose was to provide reliability data for outdoor tasks as measured by the Stryd Power Meter, which is a footpod monitor. Young healthy individuals (N=20, male n=12, female n=8) completed two 5-min self-paced walks along a trail, and two 5-min trail runs. Reliability of the tasks was determined using Coefficient of Variation (CV), Intraclass Correlation (ICC), and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Measures during trail running that returned a CV less than 10%, met the ICC threshold of 0.70, and displayed good to excellent 95% CI included pace, average elapsed power, average elapsed form power, average elapsed leg spring, and vertical oscillation. The only variable during walking to meet these criteria was maximal power (CV=4.02%, ICC=0.968, CI=0.902, 0.989). Running tasks completed on a trail generally return more consistent measures for variables that can be obtained from the Stryd footpod device than walking tasks.

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5

Olaya-Cuartero, Javier, and Roberto Cejuela. "Influence of Biomechanical Parameters on Performance in Elite Triathletes along 29 Weeks of Training." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (January 25, 2021): 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031050.

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The purpose of the study was to assess how the modification of biomechanical parameters influences the performance of elite triathletes. Four elite international triathletes participated in this study. The anthropometric method ISAK was used to estimate the triathlete’s body composition. For the physiological and biomechanical parameters, a running test (RT) was performed on an outdoor track, with the participants wearing the Stryd Summit Footpod (Stryd, Boulder, CO, USA). The pre-test took place in the last week of an adaptation mesocycle; then, after 29 weeks of training, the triathletes performed the post-test. A within-subject repeated measures design was used to assess changes in the anthropometric, physiological and biomechanical parameters. Pearson correlations (r) were applied to determine the relationship between the performance at different intensities (VT1, VT2 and MAS) and the biomechanical parameters. Concerning the anthropometric characteristics, significant differences were found in the summation (Σ) of skinfold (8.1 cm); as a consequence, the % fat mass was reduced (1.2%). Significant differences were found in the physiological values (VO2 and % VO2max), speed and biomechanical parameters, such as step length normalized, to the specific physiological intensity of the short-distance triathlon, the VT2. Therefore, performance improvement in the running segment could not only be explained by physiological changes, but also by biomechanical parameters changes.

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6

Roos, N. O. "Die verband tussen kuns en kerk." Verbum et Ecclesia 7, no. 1 (July 17, 1986): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v7i1.948.

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Die verband tussen kerk en kuns strek oor baie eeue en is steeds van aktuele belang. Vanweë die noue verband wat tussen godsdienstige en die estetiese ervaring bestaan, is dit aanvaarbaar dat die kerk van tyd tot tyd standpunt sal inneem oor die aard en funksie van die kunste, en eweneens aanvaarbaar dat die kunste soms rigtings sal inslaan wat skynbaar in stryd is met die strewes en standpunte van die Christelike kerk.

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7

García-Pinillos, Felipe, Víctor M. Soto-Hermoso, Pedro Á. Latorre-Román, Juan A. Párraga-Montilla, and Luis E. Roche-Seruendo. "How Does Power During Running Change when Measured at Different Time Intervals?" International Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 09 (July 11, 2019): 609–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0946-2159.

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AbstractThis study aimed to examine how the power output changes while running at a continuous comfortable velocity on a motorized treadmill by comparing running power averaged during different time intervals. Forty-nine endurance runners performed a running protocol on a treadmill at self-selected comfortable velocity. Power output (W) was estimated with the Stryd™ power meter, and it was examined over six recording intervals within the 3-min recording period: 0–10 s, 0–20 s, 0–30 s, 0–60 s, 0–120 s and 0–180 s. The ANOVAs showed no significant differences in the magnitude of the power output between the recording intervals (p=0.276, F=1.614, partial Eta 2 =0.155). An almost perfect association was also observed in the magnitude of the power output between the recording intervals (ICC≥0.999). Bland-Altman plots revealed no heteroscedasticity of error for the power output in any of the between-intervals comparisons (r 2<0.1), although longer recording intervals yield smaller systematic bias, random errors, and narrower limits of agreement for power output. The results show that power data during running, as measured through the Stryd™ system, is a stable metric with negligible differences, in practical terms, between shorter (i. e., 10, 20, 30, 60 or 120 s) and longer recording intervals (i. e., 180 s).

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8

Perrotin, Noé, Nicolas Gardan, Arnaud Lesprillier, Clément Le Goff, Jean-Marc Seigneur, Ellie Abdi, Borja Sanudo, and Redha Taiar. "Biomechanics of Trail Running Performance: Quantification of Spatio-Temporal Parameters by Using Low Cost Sensors in Ecological Conditions." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (February 26, 2021): 2093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052093.

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The recent popularity of trail running and the use of portable sensors capable of measuring many performance results have led to the growth of new fields in sports science experimentation. Trail running is a challenging sport; it usually involves running uphill, which is physically demanding and therefore requires adaptation to the running style. The main objectives of this study were initially to use three “low-cost” sensors. These low-cost sensors can be acquired by most sports practitioners or trainers. In the second step, measurements were taken in ecological conditions orderly to expose the runners to a real trail course. Furthermore, to combine the collected data to analyze the most efficient running techniques according to the typology of the terrain were taken, as well on the whole trail circuit of less than 10 km. The three sensors used were (i) a Stryd sensor (Stryd Inc., Boulder, CO, USA) based on an inertial measurement unit (IMU), 6 axes (3-axis gyroscope, 3-axis accelerometer) fixed on the top of the runner’s shoe, (ii) a Global Positioning System (GPS) watch and (iii) a heart belt. Twenty-eight trail runners (25 men, 3 women: average age 36 ± 8 years; height: 175.4 ± 7.2 cm; weight: 68.7 ± 8.7 kg) of different levels completed in a single race over a 8.5 km course with 490 m of positive elevation gain. This was performed with different types of terrain uphill (UH), downhill (DH), and road sections (R) at their competitive race pace. On these sections of the course, cadence (SF), step length (SL), ground contact time (GCT), flight time (FT), vertical oscillation (VO), leg stiffness (Kleg), and power (P) were measured with the Stryd. Heart rate, speed, ascent, and descent speed were measured by the heart rate belt and the GPS watch. This study showed that on a ≤10 km trail course the criteria for obtaining a better time on the loop, determined in the test, was consistency in the effort. In a high percentage of climbs (>30%), two running techniques stand out: (i) maintaining a high SF and a short SL and (ii) decreasing the SF but increasing the SL. In addition, it has been shown that in steep (>28%) and technical descents, the average SF of the runners was higher. This happened when their SL was shorter in lower steep and technically challenging descents.

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9

Navalta, James W., Jeffrey Montes, Nathaniel G. Bodell, Charli D. Aguilar, Ana Lujan, Gabriela Guzman, Brandi K. Kam, Jacob W. Manning, and Mark DeBeliso. "Wearable Device Validity in Determining Step Count During Hiking and Trail Running." Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour 1, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jmpb.2018-0010.

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Because wearable technology is ubiquitous, it is important to determine validity and reliability not only in a laboratory setting, but applied environments where the general population utilizes the devices. The purpose of this study was to 1) determine intra-rater reliability of visual step count outdoors, 2) determine validity of commercially available wearable technology devices in this setting, and 3) report test-retest reliability of commercial devices during hiking and trail running. Individuals (N = 20) completed 5-min hikes and trail runs on a 200-m section of trail while wearing the following devices: Fitbit Surge 2, Garmin Vivosmart HR+, Leaf Health Tracker, Polar A360, Samsung Gear 2, Spire Activity Tracker, and Stryd Power Meter. Intra-rater reliability and test-retest reliability was determined through Intraclass Correlation (ICC), while validity was determined via Bland-Altman analysis (limits of agreement; LoA), mean average percentage error (MAPE), and ICC. Significance was accepted at thep < .05 level. Steps determined by two independent counters were significantly reliable for the hike (ICC = 0.993, p < 0.001) and trail run (ICC = 0.991,p < 0.001). Three devices were valid across both exercise types and all methods of validity: Garmin Vivosmart HR+ (MAPE = 5.4%, ICC = 0.815, LoA = −58.1 to 50.4), Leaf Health Tracker (MAPE = 8.4%, ICC = 0.816, LoA = −78.8 to 39.4), and Stryd Power Meter (MAPE = 4.7%, ICC = 0.799, LoA = −34.3 to 78.9). As only certain devices returned valid step measurements, continued testing in applied environments are needed to have confidence in utilizing technology to track health and activity goals.

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10

Austin, Casey, James Hokanson, Peter McGinnis, and Steve Patrick. "The Relationship between Running Power and Running Economy in Well-Trained Distance Runners." Sports 6, no. 4 (November 6, 2018): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports6040142.

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A novel running wearable called the Stryd Summit footpod fastens to a runner’s shoe and estimates running power. The footpod separates power output into two components, Stryd power and form power. The purpose of this study was to measure the correlations between running economy and power and form power at lactate threshold pace. Seventeen well-trained distance runners, 9 male and 8 female, completed a running protocol. Participants ran two four-minute trials: one with a self-selected cadence, and one with a target cadence lowered by 10%. The mean running economy expressed in terms of oxygen cost at self-selected cadence was 201.6 ± 12.8 mL·kg−1·km−1, and at lowered cadence was 204.5 ± 11.5 mL·kg−1·km−1. Ventilation rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were not significantly different between cadence conditions with one-tailed paired t-test analysis (ventilation, p = 0.77, RPE, p = 0.07). Respiratory exchange ratio and caloric unit cost were significantly greater with lower cadence condition (respiratory exchange ratio, p = 0.03, caloric unit cost, p = 0.03). Mean power at self-selected cadence was 4.4 ± 0.5 W·kg−1, and at lowered cadence was 4.4 ± 0.5 W·kg−1. Mean form power at self-selected cadence was 1.1 ± 0.1 W·kg−1, and at lowered cadence was 1.1 ± 0.1 W·kg−1. There were positive, linear correlations between running economy and power (self-selected cadence and lower cadence, r = 0.6; the 90% confidence interval was 0.2 to 0.8); running economy and form power (self-selected cadence and lower cadence r = 0.5; the 90% confidence interval was 0.1 to 0.8). The findings suggest running economy is positively correlated with Stryd’s power and form power measures yet the footpod may not be sufficiently accurate to estimate differences in the running economy of competitive runners.

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11

Ozaeta, Eñaut, Javier Yanci, Carlo Castagna, Estibaliz Romaratezabala, and Daniel Castillo. "Associations between Well-Being State and Match External and Internal Load in Amateur Referees." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (March 23, 2021): 3322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063322.

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The main aim of this paper was to examine the association between prematch well-being status with match internal and external load in field (FR) and assistant (AR) soccer referees. Twenty-three FR and 46 AR participated in this study. The well-being state was assessed using the Hooper Scale and the match external and internal loads were monitored with Stryd Power Meter and heart monitors. While no significant differences were found in Hooper indices between match officials, FR registered higher external loads (p < 0.01; ES: 0.75 to 5.78), spent more time in zone 4 and zone 5, and recorded a greater training impulse (TRIMP) value (p < 0.01; ES: 1.35 to 1.62) than AR. Generally, no associations were found between the well-being variables and external loads for FR and AR. Additionally, no associations were found between the Hooper indices and internal loads for FR and AR. However, several relationships with different magnitudes were found between internal and external match loads, for FR, between power and speed with time spent in zone 2 (p < 0.05; r = −0.43), ground contact time with zone 2 and zone 3 (p < 0.05; r = 0.50 to 0.60) and power, speed, cadence and ground contact time correlated with time spent in zone 5 and TRIMP (p < 0.05 to 0.01; r = 0.42 to 0.64). Additionally, for AR, a relationship between speed and time in zone 1 was found (p < 0.05; r = −0.30; CL = 0.22). These results suggest that initial well-being state is not related to match officials’ performances during match play. In addition, the Stryd Power Meter can be a useful device to calculate the external load on soccer match officials.

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12

de Kadt, Elizabeth. "Taal en Stryd 1989-1999: Gedenkbundel edited by T du Plessis and A van Gensen." Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies 20, no. 4 (November 2002): 351–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16073610209486322.

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13

Pretorius, Engela. "Men's role in the quest for gender justice: A historical overview of antifeminism and profeminism." Tydskrif vir Geesteswetenskappe 58, no. 4-2 (2018): 887–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2224-7912/2018/v58n4-2a2.

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14

O’Connell, L. "J.M. Coetzee’s Life and Times of Michael K and Foe as Postmodernist Allegories." Literator 10, no. 1 (May 7, 1989): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v10i1.821.

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J.M. Coetzee is een van die kontemporêre skrywers vir wie postmodernistiese allegoric ’n bruikbare metafoor geword het. Sy verhale karteer die geaardheid, implikasies en gevolge van die misbruik van mag, en die mite van kolonialisme word ontleed en onthul. Life and Times of Michael K kan op die universele sowel as op die spesifiek Suid-Afrikaanse vlak geinterpreteer word. Michael K word die simbool van die mens se persoonlike vryheid, persoonlike identiteit en waardigheid. Sy stryd om vryheid is ironies in die lig van die feit dat die oorlog waaraan hy probeer ontkom, geveg word juis om minderheidsgroepe inspraak in hulle toekoms te verseker. Foe ondersoek die verhouding van vertelling en gebeure, waarheid en fiksie. Friday se stilte word ’n manifestasie van die eksistensiële niet. Soos dit in hierdie roman ontplooi, is dit die taak van die skrywer om die gemeenskap aan homself te openbaar, sodat die spraaklose weer resonasie gegee word.

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15

Michalska-Górecka, Paulina. "Wygasanie oboczności leksykalnych stryj ║ stryk oraz wuj ║ uj w dobie średniopolskiej." Slavia Occidentalis, no. 75/1 (December 15, 2019): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/so.2018.75.6.

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The aim of this article is to show the rivalry of the two pairs of variants: stryj ║ stryk and wuj ║ uj in the history of the Polish language, especially with respect to Middle Polish. Samples of these forms were taken from dictionaries which note historical Polish lexis – from Old Polish to the 20th century. Moreover, the article is an attempt at identifying the era in which this rivalry finished and which forms developed as norms in the literary language.

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16

García-Pinillos, Felipe, Luis E. Roche-Seruendo, Noel Marcén-Cinca, Luis A. Marco-Contreras, and Pedro A. Latorre-Román. "Absolute Reliability and Concurrent Validity of the Stryd System for the Assessment of Running Stride Kinematics at Different Velocities." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 35, no. 1 (January 2021): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000002595.

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17

García-Pinillos, Felipe, Pedro Á. Latorre-Román, Luis E. Roche-Seruendo, and Amador García-Ramos. "Prediction of power output at different running velocities through the two-point method with the Stryd™ power meter." Gait & Posture 68 (February 2019): 238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.11.037.

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18

Baumgartner, Tobias, Steffen Held, Stefanie Klatt, and Lars Donath. "Limitations of Foot-Worn Sensors for Assessing Running Power." Sensors 21, no. 15 (July 21, 2021): 4952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21154952.

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Running power as measured by foot-worn sensors is considered to be associated with the metabolic cost of running. In this study, we show that running economy needs to be taken into account when deriving metabolic cost from accelerometer data. We administered an experiment in which 32 experienced participants (age = 28 ± 7 years, weekly running distance = 51 ± 24 km) ran at a constant speed with modified spatiotemporal gait characteristics (stride length, ground contact time, use of arms). We recorded both their metabolic costs of transportation, as well as running power, as measured by a Stryd sensor. Purposely varying the running style impacts the running economy and leads to significant differences in the metabolic cost of running (p < 0.01). At the same time, the expected rise in running power does not follow this change, and there is a significant difference in the relation between metabolic cost and power (p < 0.001). These results stand in contrast to the previously reported link between metabolic and mechanical running characteristics estimated by foot-worn sensors. This casts doubt on the feasibility of measuring running power in the field, as well as using it as a training signal.

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Pardo Albiach, Juan, Melanie Mir-Jimenez, Vanessa Hueso Moreno, Iván Nácher Moltó, and Javier Martínez-Gramage. "The Relationship between VO2max, Power Management, and Increased Running Speed: Towards Gait Pattern Recognition through Clustering Analysis." Sensors 21, no. 7 (April 1, 2021): 2422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21072422.

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Triathlon has become increasingly popular in recent years. In this discipline, maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) is considered the gold standard for determining competition cardiovascular capacity. However, the emergence of wearable sensors (as Stryd) has drastically changed training and races, allowing for the more precise evaluation of athletes and study of many more potential determining variables. Thus, in order to discover factors associated with improved running efficiency, we studied which variables are correlated with increased speed. We then developed a methodology to identify associated running patterns that could allow each individual athlete to improve their performance. To achieve this, we developed a correlation matrix, implemented regression models, and created a heat map using hierarchical cluster analysis. This highlighted relationships between running patterns in groups of young triathlon athletes and several different variables. Among the most important conclusions, we found that high VO2max did not seem to be significantly correlated with faster speed. However, faster individuals did have higher power per kg, horizontal power, stride length, and running effectiveness, and lower ground contact time and form power ratio. VO2max appeared to strongly correlate with power per kg and this seemed to indicate that to run faster, athletes must also correctly manage their power.

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20

Odendaal, Gerda. "The role of Stellenbosch University's Department of Afrikaans and Dutch in the development of Afrikaans lexicography: The Dutch-Afrikaans battle during the formative years." Tydskrif vir Geesteswetenskappe 56, no. 1 (2016): 257–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2224-7912/2016/v56n1a16.

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21

Sonnekus, JC. "Huweliksluiting én aanneming van kinders kragtens kulturele gebruike in stryd met die reg behoort kragteloos te wees – sed, ex Africa semper aliquid novi." Tydskrif vir die Suid-Afrikaanse Reg 2021, no. 2 (2021): 211–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/tsar/2021/i2a1.

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Section 211(3) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 provides that no recognition of customary norms may be upheld if such norms are in conflict with either the constitution or any other law that deals specifically with customary law: “The courts must apply customary law when that law is applicable, subject to the Constitution and any legislation that specifically deals with customary law.” The current Recognition of Customary Marriages Act 120 of 1998 deals explicitly with the recognition of customary marriages which are concluded in accordance with customary law (s 1). Customary law is defined as the “customs and usages traditionally observed among the indigenous African peoples of South Africa and which form part of the culture of those peoples”. It follows from a further reading of section 1 that a customary marriage is reserved for those indigenous African peoples who observe such customs and usages. It is provided in section 10(4) that “[d]espite subsection (1), no spouse of a marriage entered into under the Marriage Act, 1961, is, during the subsistence of such marriage, competent to enter into any other marriage”. This must be read with the definitions contained in section 1: “‘customary law’ means the customs and usages traditionally observed among the indigenous African peoples of South Africa and which form part of the culture of those peoples; ‘customary marriage’ means a marriage concluded in accordance with customary law”. Without the requisite legal competency, no legal subject can enter into any relationship to which the law may attach any consequences. Nobody can enter into a customary marriage if any of the presumed future spouses is already in a civil marriage according to the Marriage Act 25 of 1961, not even if the two parties are married to each other. According to the custom of various indigenous nations, if a man enters into a valid customary marriage with a woman who had never been married before but who is the mother of children born out of wedlock (spurii), the metaphor applies that he “who takes the cow also acquires the calf”. He will as part and parcel of the lobola ceremony be seen as the adopting stepfather of his wife’s children, with all the accompanying consequences. He will automatically be responsible for the future maintenance of those children as his adoptive children and they will acquire all rights and privileges that are bestowed on a child, including the right to inheritance and the right to his family name. As a consequence of this new relationship, all legal ties with the biological father of the adopted child are severed and the biological father will no longer be responsible for the maintenance of his offspring. In January 2019 an erstwhile law professor from UNISA who still retained his German citizenship, was gravely ill and cared for on life-support at a hospital in the Pretoria district. While in hospital, he tied the marriage knot with Miss Vilakazi, a Zulu woman with whom he had been in a relationship for the past five years. Miss Vilakazi was a spinster, but she had a Zulu daughter who was born out of wedlock more than eight years previously out of a relationship with an erstwhile Zulu lover. This child had been in the care of her maternal grandmother in Natal and, according to Zulu customary norms, was considered part of the house of her maternal grandfather, Vilakazi. She consequently carried the name Vilakazi as her registered surname on her official birth certificate. The marriage, which was conducted on 29 January 2019 in the hospital in Pretoria, was concluded with adherence to all the requirements of Act 25 of 1961. The civil marriage was duly registered as such. The late professor passed away in the hospital barely three weeks later on 19 February 2019. Less than 24 hours before the demise of the professor a purported customary marriage was concluded, apparently on behalf of the professor with the recently married Mrs Schulze by proxy by a friend of his in the Newcastle district in Natal after having paid R60 000 as ilobolo. The ceremony was concluded with the ceremonial slaughtering of the prescribed goat. However, during this ceremony the groom was not present but on life support in a Pretoria hospital and not necessarily compos mentis – the court was told that he was represented by a friend. Zulu customary law, however, does not recognise a marriage concluded by proxy with a substitude bridegroom as was known in Roman-Dutch law as “a wedding with the glove”. Neither the Marriage Act nor the Recognition of Customary Marriages Act, however, recognises a second marriage after the conclusion of a civil marriage by any of the purported newly weds – even if both “spouses” had been present in person. The mother of the late Professor Schulze, after his demise in South Africa, amended her last will in Germany and appointed her lifelong partner as sole beneficiary of her significant estate. She passed away in Germany in October 2019. In November 2019 the recently married Mrs Schulze, on behalf of her minor daughter, successfully approached the high court in Pietermaritzburg, where Zaca AJ issued an order compelling the South African department of home affairs to issue the daughter with a new birth certificate that reflects the late Professor Schulze as her father. Notwithstanding the unease of the officials at home affairs with this court order, the minister of home affairs, Mr Motsoaledi, personally intervened in August 2020 and the new birth certificate was issued as requested. Relying on this newly issued birth certificate, the applicant claims an amount of not less than R8 million in Germany from the estate of the late mother of Professor Schulze. For this purpose, the applicant relies on a principle in German law, the Pflichtteilsanspruch, according to which any descendant of the deceased has a right to a prescribed portion, a so-called legitimate portion of the estate, if not mentioned or sufficiently bestowed in the last will. This raises a number of seriously flawed legal arguments that are analysed in this article. It is submitted that the perceived lobola marriage ceremony conducted on behalf of the late professor on 18 February 2019 in Newcastle, less than 24 hours before his demise, is void because of the explicit constitutional provision and the relevant section 10(4) of the Recognition of Customary Marriages Act 120 of 1998, which excludes any competency to enter into a customary marriage if any of the parties involved is already married. At the date of the perceived lobola ceremony, Mrs Schulze had already been civilly married to Professor Schulze for more than three weeks and thus both spouses lacked the necessary competency to enter into a valid customary marriage. Whether a valid customary marriage could have been concluded at all with a man who did not live according to the customs and usages of the Zulu, is also highly questionable. Because the perceived lobola marriage is a nullity, no legal consequences can flow from this nullity and the so-called customary adoption of the daughter (“the calf with the cow”) is a nullity too. At no stage was any of the requirements for a valid adoption as governed by the Children’s Act 38 of 2005 adhered to. The minister of home affairs should have immediately given notice of appeal after the unconvincing judgment of Zaca AJ was handed down in January 2020. As the responsible minister, he should guard the upholding of the constitution and the applicable legal provisions unambiguously contained in the relevant section 10(4) of Act 120 of 1998. It is a pity that the so-called adherence to the principles of the “rule of law” is not even paid lip service in this case. Bennett, as a renowned expert on customary law, correctly pointed out that the legal orders are not unconnected. It may never be assumed that the people concerned are unaware of how to manipulate the resources offered them by legal pluralism (A Sourcebook of African Customary Law for Southern Africa (1991) 50).

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Van der Merwe, CG. "Regspraak: Can a conduct rule banning short-term letting for less than six months in a residential sectional title scheme be declared invalid because it constitutes commercial use of the unit, and then be enforced by a final interdict and declared constitutional?" Tydskrif vir die Suid-Afrikaanse Reg 2021, no. 1 (2021): 160–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/tsar/2021/i1a10.

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Dit is presies wat gebeur in Body Corporate, Paddock Sectional Title Scheme v Nicholl 2020 2 SA 472 (GJ). Die regspersoon doen aansoek by die hof om die respondent te verbied om haar woonstel in stryd met ’n gedragsreël vir ’n kort termyn te verhuur via Airbnb. Die respondent ontken dat sy haar woonstel vir ’n besigheidsdoel gebruik en veg in ’n teenaansoek die grondwetlikheid van die gedragsreël aan omrede dit haar inhoudsbevoegdhede as eienaar aantas. Die hof bevind dat aangesien die woonstel as ’n belegging gekoop is en die oogmerk met die verhuring die afbetaling van die verbandskuld uit die huurinkomste was, die verhuring neerkom op ’n besigheidsgebruik van die woonstel. En aangesien korttermynverhuring via Airbnb in die algemeen ’n veiligheids- en oorlasrisiko skep, staan die hof ’n finale verbiedende interdik toe. Die hof beslis ten slotte dat die verbod grondwetlik is omdat dit slegs ’n tydsbeperking plaas op die respondent se inhoudsbevoegdhede om as eienaar haar woonstel te verhuur. Myns insiens gaan die verhuring van ’n woonstel vir ’n kort termyn nie oor ’n besigheidsgebruik daarvan nie, omdat die woonstel steeds vir verblyf van die korttermynhuurder benut word. Verder hang die toestaan van ’n finale interdik op grond van ’n oorlas af van daadwerklike oorlasstigtende handelinge van die eienaar en nie bloot oor die potensiaal daarvoor nie. Ten slotte sal die grondwetlikheid van ’n verbod op kort verhuring van eiendom in die lig van die erkenning van korttermynverhuring in die voorgestelde wysiging van die Wet op Toerisme in die toekoms ’n noukeurige afweging van die belange van die betrokke individu en die gemeenskaplike belange van die deeleiendomsgemeenskap én van die algemene publiek as potensiële huurders verg.

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Ellingson, W. J., D. G. Chesser, and W. W. Winder. "Effects of 3-phosphoglycerate and other metabolites on the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase by LKB1-STRAD-MO25." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 292, no. 2 (February 2007): E400—E407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00322.2006.

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Skeletal muscle contraction results in the phosphorylation and activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by an upstream kinase (AMPKK). The LKB1-STE-related adaptor (STRAD)-mouse protein 25 (MO25) complex is the major AMPKK in skeletal muscle; however, LKB1-STRAD-MO25 activity is not increased by muscle contraction. This relationship suggests that phosphorylation of AMPK by LKB1-STRAD-MO25 during skeletal muscle contraction may be regulated by allosteric mechanisms. In this study, we tested an array of metabolites including, glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG), glucose 1-phosphate, glucose 1,6-bisphosphate, ADP, carnitine, acetylcarnitine, IMP, inosine, and ammonia for allosteric regulation. ADP inhibited both AMPK and LKB1-STRAD-MO25 actions, but probably is not important physiologically because of the low free ADP inside the muscle fiber. We found that 3-PG stimulated LKB1-STRAD-MO25 activity and allowed for increased AMPK phosphorylation. 3-PG did not stimulate LKB1-STRAD-MO25 activity toward the peptide substrate LKB1tide. These results have identified 3-PG as an AMPK-specific regulator of AMPK phosphorylation and activation by LKB1-STRAD-MO25.

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Møller, Jes Fabricius. "Venskab og strid." Slagmark - Tidsskrift for idéhistorie, no. 59 (March 9, 2018): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/sl.v0i59.104719.

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Rajib, Rubyath C., Rajasekharan Pillai, Ibrahim A. Sulaiman, and Ibrahim Al-Haddabi. "Soft Tissue Rosai-Dorfman Disease: Case report." Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal [SQUMJ] 17, no. 4 (January 10, 2018): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2017.17.04.012.

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Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare benign proliferative histiocytic disorder characterised by massive lymphadenopathy. While extranodal involvement can occur in generalised RDD, isolated soft tissue RDD (STRDD) is extremely rare. We report a 17-year-old male patient who presented to the maxillofacial outpatient department of the Sultan Qaboos Hospital, Salalah, Oman, in 2015 with a painless cheek mass which had been slowly growing over the previous two months. Routine histopathological examinations and immunohistochemistry confirmed a diagnosis of STRDD. Currently, surgical excision is considered to be the most effective curative treatment for STRDD, as the outcomes of other treatment modalities are still unknown. Despite its rarity, STRDD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of histiocytic soft tissue lesions.

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Gladhus, Lise. "Mindre stryk med psykodrama." Sykepleien Nett 98, no. 05 (2010): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4220/sykepleienn.2010.0035.

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Gladhus, Lise. "Mindre stryk med psykodrama." Sykepleien 98, no. 05 (2010): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4220/sykepleiens.2010.0035.

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Frommer, Adrien, Robert Roedl, Georg Gosheger, Julian Hasselmann, Cordula Fuest, Gregor Toporowski, Andrea Laufer, Henning Tretow, Martin Schulze, and Bjoern Vogt. "Focal osteolysis and corrosion at the junction of Precice Stryde intramedullary lengthening device." Bone & Joint Research 10, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.107.bjr-2021-0146.r1.

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Aims This study aims to enhance understanding of clinical and radiological consequences and involved mechanisms that led to corrosion of the Precice Stryde (Stryde) intramedullary lengthening nail in the post market surveillance era of the device. Between 2018 and 2021 more than 2,000 Stryde nails have been implanted worldwide. However, the outcome of treatment with the Stryde system is insufficiently reported. Methods This is a retrospective single-centre study analyzing outcome of 57 consecutive lengthening procedures performed with the Stryde nail at the authors’ institution from February 2019 until November 2020. Macro- and microscopic metallographic analysis of four retrieved nails was conducted. To investigate observed corrosion at telescoping junction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were performed. Results Adjacent to the nail’s telescoping junction, osteolytic changes were observed in bi-planar radiographs of 20/57 segments (35%) after a mean of 9.5 months (95% confidence interval 7.2 to 11.9) after surgery. A total of 8/20 patients with osseous alterations (40%) reported rest and ambulation pain of the lengthened segment during consolidation. So far, 24 Stryde nails were retrieved and in 20 (83%) macroscopic corrosion was observed at the nail’s telescoping junction. Before implant removal 11/20 radiographs (55%) of lengthened segments with these 20 nails revealed osteolysis. Implant retrieval analysis by means of SEM showed pitting and crevice corrosion. EDX detected chromium as the main metallic element of corrosion. Conclusion Patients are exposed to the risk of implant-related osteolysis of unclear short- and long-term clinical consequences. The authors advocate in favour of an early implant removal after osseous consolidation. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(7):425–436.

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Taylor, E. B., W. J. Ellingson, J. D. Lamb, D. G. Chesser, and W. W. Winder. "Long-chain acyl-CoA esters inhibit phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase at threonine-172 by LKB1/STRAD/MO25." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 288, no. 6 (June 2005): E1055—E1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00516.2004.

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Activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) results in acute changes in cellular metabolism and transcriptional events that make the cell more robust when encountering an energy challenge. AMPK is thought to be inhibited by glycogen, the major storage form of intracellular carbohydrate. We hypothesized that long-chain acyl-CoA esters (LCACEs) might also inhibit AMPK signaling. Cytosolic LCACEs are available for immediate transport and oxidation within the mitochondria and accordingly may be representative of the lipid energy charge of the cell. We found that LCACEs inhibited phosphorylation of AMPK by the recombinant AMPK kinase (AMPKK) LKB1/STRAD/MO25 in a concentration-dependent manner. Palmitoyl-CoA (PCoA) did not affect the activity of phosphothreonine-172 AMPK. PCoA potently inhibited AMPKK purified from liver. Conversely, PCoA stimulated the kinase activity of LKB1/STRAD/MO25 toward the peptide substrate LKB1tide. Octanoyl-CoA, palmitate, and palmitoylcarnitine did not inhibit AMPKK activity. Removal of AMP from the reaction mixture resulted in reduced AMPKK activity in the presence of PCoA. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that the AMPKK activity of LKB1/STRAD/MO25 is substrate specific and distinct from the kinase activity of LKB1/STRAD/MO25 toward the peptide substrate LKB1tide. They also demonstrate that LCACEs inhibit the AMPKK activity of LKB1/STRAD/MO25 in a specific manner with a dependence on both a long fatty chain and a CoA moiety. These results suggest that the AMPK signaling cascade may directly sense and respond to the lipid energy charge of the cell.

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Lamsdell, James C., Linda Lagebro, Gregory D. Edgecombe, Graham E. Budd, and Pierre Gueriau. "Stylonurine eurypterids from the Strud locality (Upper Devonian, Belgium): new insights into the ecology of freshwater sea scorpions." Geological Magazine 156, no. 10 (January 30, 2019): 1708–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756818000936.

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AbstractThe Upper Famennian (Upper Devonian) Strud locality has yielded very abundant and diversified flora as well as vertebrate and arthropod faunas. The arthropod fauna, mostly recovered from fine shales deposited in a calm, confined floodplain habitat including temporary pools, has delivered a putative insect and various crustaceans including eumalacostracans and notostracan, spinicaudatan and anostracan branchiopods. Here we present the Strud eurypterids, consisting of semi-articulated juvenile specimens assigned to Hardieopteridae recovered from the pool and floodplain deposits, as well as larger isolated fragments of potential adults recovered from stratigraphically lower, coarser dark sandy layers indicative of a higher-energy fluvial environment. The Strud fossils strongly suggest that, as proposed for some Carboniferous eurypterids, juvenile freshwater eurypterids inhabited sheltered nursery pools and migrated to higher-energy river systems as they matured.

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Krasnik, Martin, and Jakob Skovgaard-Petersen. "Den store strid om islam." Udenrigs, no. 2 (September 14, 2017): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/udenrigs.v0i2.118120.

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Debat mellem Martin Krasnik og Jakob Skovgaard-Petersen om islam – regionens dominerende religion – i sig selv er et problem i forhold til at skabe fred og demokrati i Mellemøsten?

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32

Bekkhus, Egil. "Mindre stryk med casebasert undervisning." Sykepleien 96, no. 18 (2008): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4220/sykepleiens.2008.0062.

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Hothi, Harry, Sean Bergiers, Johann Henckel, Alexis D. Iliadis, William David Goodier, Jonathan Wright, John Skinner, Peter Calder, and Alister J. Hart. "Analysis of retrieved STRYDE nails." Bone & Joint Open 2, no. 8 (August 1, 2021): 599–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2633-1462.28.bjo-2021-0126.

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Aims The aim of this study was to present the first retrieval analysis findings of PRECICE STRYDE intermedullary nails removed from patients, providing useful information in the post-market surveillance of these recently introduced devices. Methods We collected ten nails removed from six patients, together with patient clinical data and plain radiograph imaging. We performed macro- and microscopic analysis of all surfaces and graded the presence of corrosion using validated semiquantitative scoring methods. We determined the elemental composition of surface debris using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and used metrology analysis to characterize the surface adjacent to the extendable junctions. Results All nails were removed at the end of treatment, having achieved their intended lengthening (20 mm to 65 mm) and after regenerate consolidation. All nails had evidence of corrosion localized to the screw holes and the extendable junctions; corrosion was graded as moderate at the junction of one nail and severe at the junctions of five nails. EDS analysis showed surface deposits to be chromium rich. Plain radiographs showed cortical thickening and osteolysis around the junction of six nails, corresponding to the same nails with moderate – severe junction corrosion. Conclusion We found, in fully united bones, evidence of cortical thickening and osteolysis that appeared to be associated with corrosion at the extendable junction; when corrosion was present, cortical thickening was adjacent to this junction. Further work, with greater numbers of retrievals, is required to fully understand this association between corrosion and bony changes, and the influencing surgeon, implant, and patient factors involved. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(8):599–610.

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Taylor, E. B., D. Hurst, L. J. Greenwood, J. D. Lamb, T. D. Cline, S. N. Sudweeks, and W. W. Winder. "Endurance training increases LKB1 and MO25 protein but not AMP-activated protein kinase kinase activity in skeletal muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 287, no. 6 (December 2004): E1082—E1089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00179.2004.

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LKB1 complexed with MO25 and STRAD has been identified as an AMP-activated protein kinase kinase (AMPKK). We measured relative LKB1 protein abundance and AMPKK activity in liver (LV), heart (HT), soleus (SO), red quadriceps (RQ), and white quadriceps (WQ) from sedentary and endurance-trained rats. We examined trained RQ for altered levels of MO25 protein and LKB1, STRAD, and MO25 mRNA. LKB1 protein levels normalized to HT (1 ± 0.03) were LV (0.50 ± 0.03), SO (0.28 ± 0.02), RQ (0.32 ± 0.01), and WQ (0.12 ± 0.03). AMPKK activities in nanomoles per gram per minute were HT (79 ± 6), LV (220 ± 9), SO (22 ± 2), RQ (29 ± 2), and WQ (42 ± 4). Training increased LKB1 protein in SO, RQ, and WQ ( P < 0.05). LKB1 protein levels after training (%controls) were SO (158 ± 17), RQ (316 ± 17), WQ (191 ± 27), HT (106 ± 2), and LV (104 ± 7). MO25 protein after training (%controls) was 595 ± 71. Training did not affect AMPKK activity. MO25 but not LKB1 or STRAD mRNA increased with training ( P < 0.05). Trained values (%controls) were MO25 (164 ± 22), LKB1 (120 ± 16), and STRAD (112 ± 17). LKB1 protein content strongly correlated ( r = 0.93) with citrate synthase activity in skeletal muscle ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, endurance training markedly increased skeletal muscle LKB1 and MO25 protein without increasing AMPKK activity. LKB1 may be playing multiple roles in skeletal muscle adaptation to endurance training.

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van der Dussen, Riet Schenkeveld. "Cats Self-stryt een Arminiaanse tekst?" Tijdschrift voor Nederlandse Taal- en Letterkunde 136, no. 2 (January 1, 2020): 105–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/tntl2020.2.002.duss.

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Abstract In 1620 Jacob Cats published his didactic poem Self-stryt, about the biblical story of Joseph in Potiphar’s house (Genesis 39) the title of which he might have borrowed from the English translation by his friend Josuah Sylvester, of George Goodwin’s Automachia (1607). Self-stryt can be read as an Arminian text, as the protagonist Joseph fights off the advances of Potiphar’s wife, with God’s help surely but in the first place by his own good will. In 1620 this would be a dangerous view. The persecution of the Remonstrants was still in full flow. Maybe at instigation of the clergy of Middelburg, good friends of the poet, he therefore added an emblematic poem Sinne-beelt, plus commentary in which he defended the Counter-remonstrant theology, with a heavy accent on God’s grace through Jesus Christ. The real Self-stryt is now only to be found in born-again Christians and not in all well-meaning people. The combination of Self-stryt and Sinne-beelt makes the book acceptable for orthodox readers. My argument is that Cats himself did not want to be involved in the dogmatic quarrels of the period. When commenting on the Synod of Dordt (1618-1619), at the time but also later on, he always avoids taking sides. His own position might be characterized as semipela-gianist or synergist: man must be willing to accept God’s grace.

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Gynnild, Vidar. "Kvalitetssystemer til stryk: En empirisk, konstruktivstudie." Uniped 40, no. 01 (March 9, 2017): 38–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn.1893-8981-2017-01-04.

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Stryk, Lucien, and Susan Azar Porterfield. "The War Poetry of Lucien Stryk." Journal of the Midwest Modern Language Association 33, no. 3 (2000): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1315349.

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Robbins, Craig, and Dror Paley. "Stryde Weight-bearing Internal Lengthening Nail." Techniques in Orthopaedics 35, no. 3 (August 26, 2020): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bto.0000000000000475.

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39

Elder, Karl. "The Moral Authority of Lucien Stryk." Translation Review 93, no. 1 (September 2, 2015): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07374836.2015.1138063.

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Hoagland, Bill. "Still in School with Lucien Stryk." Translation Review 93, no. 1 (September 2, 2015): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07374836.2015.1140496.

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LARSEN, OLE MARTIN. "Politisk strid om KANNABIS I KØBENHAVN." Rus & samfunn 3, no. 04 (October 15, 2009): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn1501-5580-2009-04-03.

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Pløger, John. "Makt, strid, liv – og avmakt." Plan 45, no. 03 (July 23, 2013): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn1504-3045-2013-03-04.

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DENAYER, JULIEN, CYRILLE PRESTIANNI, PIERRE GUERIAU, SÉBASTIEN OLIVE, and GAËL CLÉMENT. "Stratigraphy and depositional environments of the Late Famennian (Late Devonian) of Southern Belgium and characterization of the Strud locality." Geological Magazine 153, no. 1 (July 3, 2015): 112–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001675681500031x.

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AbstractThe Famennian (Upper Devonian,c. 372 to 359 Ma) strata of Belgium have recently received much attention after the discoveries of early tetrapod remains and outstandingly preserved continental arthropods. The Strud locality has yielded a diverse flora and fauna including seed-plants, tetrapods, various placoderm, actinopterygian, acanthodian and sarcopterygian fishes, crustaceans (anostracans, notostracans, conchostracans and decapods) and a putative complete insect. This fossil assemblage is one of the oldest continental – probably fresh-water – ecosystems with a considerable vertebrate and invertebrate diversity. The study of the palaeoenvironment of the Strud locality is crucial because it records one of the earliest and most important phases of tetrapod evolution that took place after their emergence but before their terrestrialization. It raises the question of environmental and ecological conditions for the Devonian aquatic ecosystem and the selection pressures occurring at the onset of tetrapod terrestrialization. The present study characterized the fluvial facies of the Upper Famennian sedimentary rocks of Strud and the surrounding areas. The exceptional preservation of arthropods and plants in the main fossiliferous layers is explained by rapid burial in the fine-grained sediment of the quiet and confined flood plain environment. Newly investigated fossiliferous sections in the Meuse–Samson area led to the description and correlation of key sections (Strud, Wierde and Jausse sections, complemented by the less continuous Haltinne, Huy and Coutisse sections). Moreover, the investigated sections allowed a review of the age of the fossiliferous horizon, which is now definitely considered to be Late Famennian in age.

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de Strycker, Carl, and Hans Vandevoorde. "Het prozagedicht in Vlaanderen en Nederland als model." Nederlandse Letterkunde 19, no. 3 (December 1, 2014): 251–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/nedlet2014.3.stry.

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Abstract The Prose Poem in Flanders and the Netherlands as a Model. On Genres and GenerationsThis article explores the ways in which the genre of the prose poem functioned as a model in Flemish and Dutch literature from the 1890’s to the 1920’s. Focusing on two cases ‐ a prewar and a postwar one ‐, it is argued that the genre was reinterpreted by new literary generations and, infused with new elements, became a productive model for new texts. A first case study deals with Pol de Mont and Ellen Corr. The former modified the model as he borrowed it from the authors of the Eighties movement, and it subsequently became a productive model for an epigone like Corr. In a second case study, dealing with Herman Heijermans and Constant van Wessem, we show how the genre was modified again in the period following World War I, and was made to incorporate modern elements such as cinematic processes and a businesslike, objective form. Finally, these cases reveal that models go beyond the genre, since their evolution is often based on eye-catching features that are not necessarily essential to the definition of the genre per se.

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Гетьман-Павлова, Ирина, and Irina Getman-Pavlova. "THE DOCTRINE OF PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW: THE THEORY OF STATUTES IN GERMANY AT THE END OF XVII CENTURY (JOHANN SHILTER AND SAMUEL STRYK)." Journal of Foreign Legislation and Comparative Law 1, no. 6 (February 7, 2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/17119.

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The article investigates the development of the German doctrine of private international law at the end of the XVII century, in particular, the author analyzes the essays of Johann Schilter and Samuel Stryk. Among the German scholars engaged in the problems of the conflict of laws, Johann Schilter and Samuel Stryk are very prominent, however, their creativity and their contribution to the development of the doctrine of the conflict of laws rules are virtually unknown in Russian jurisprudence. They adhered to the opinion on dividing all statutes into three groups, but they preferred not to use the terms statutes personalia, realia, mixta. However, neither Shilter nor Stryk accepted the Dutch comitas gentium doctrine, so it is impossible to consider these scholars to be representatives of the “Dutch-German version of the theory of the statutes” as a concept, which is based on international comity. They attempted to explain the application of foreign laws from the standpoint of humanism and jus divinum. Shilter and Stryk’s conflict doctrines are of great interest and demonstrate the specificity of the German conflict doctrine, which has had a significant impact on the development of the legislation on German PIL.

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YU, DOU, and WILLIAM D. ELDRED. "Gycine and GABA interact to regulate the nitric oxide/cGMP signaling pathway in the turtle retina." Visual Neuroscience 22, no. 6 (November 2005): 825–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523805226123.

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Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical that is important in retinal signal transduction and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a critical downstream messenger of NO. The NO/cGMP signaling pathway has been shown to modulate neurotransmitter release and gap junction coupling in horizontal cells and amacrine cells, and increase the gain of the light response in photoreceptors. However, many of the mechanisms controlling the production of NO and cGMP remain unclear. Previous studies have shown activation of NO/cGMP production in response to stimulation with N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) or nicotine, and the differential modulation of cGMP production by GABAA and GABAC receptors (GABAARs and GABACRs). This study used cGMP immunocytochemistry and NO imaging to investigate how the inhibitory GABAergic and glycinergic systems modulate the production of NO and cGMP. Our data show that blocking glycine receptors (GLYR) with strychnine (STRY) produced moderate increases in cGMP-like immunoreactivity (cGMP-LI) in select types of amacrine and bipolar cells, and strong increases in NO-induced fluorescence (NO-IF). TPMPA, a selective GABACR antagonist, greatly reduced the increases in cGMP-LI stimulated by STRY, but did not influence the increase in NO-IF stimulated by STRY. Bicuculline (BIC), a GABAAR antagonist, however, enhanced the increases in both the cGMP-LI and NO-IF stimulated by STRY. CNQX, a selective antagonist for α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionic acid hydrobromide/kainic acid (AMPA/KA) receptors, eliminated both the increases in cGMP-LI and NO-IF stimulated by STRY, while MK801, a selective antagonist for NMDA receptors, slightly increased the cGMP-LI and slightly decreased the NO-IF stimulated by STRY. Finally, double labeling of NO-stimulated cGMP and either GLY or GABA indicated that cGMP predominantly colocalized with GLY. Taken together, these findings support the hypothesis that GLY and GABA interact in the regulation of the NO/cGMP signaling pathway, where GLY primarily inhibits NO production and GABA has a greater effect on cGMP production. Such interacting inhibitory pathways could shape the course of signal transduction of the NO/cGMP pathway under different physiological situations.

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Gažíková, Soňa. "EVALUATION OF THE USAGE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY IN THE HOT WATER BOILER ROOM STRED I." Czech Journal of Civil Engineering 7, no. 01 (July 31, 2021): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.51704/cjce.2021.vol7.iss01.pp27-34.

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The dominant source of energy in the hot water boiler house Stred I. in Velky Meder is geothermal energy, which is drawn from the VM -1 well, which was drilled in its courtyard in 2015. Based on documents and personal inspections of this boiler room, I created a geothermal circuit scheme of this hot water boiler room, where the experimental measurements took place. Part of this paper is a diagram of the geothermal circuit, a comparison of measured values within a selected characteristic day for summer and winter operation in 2020. Finally, the operation of the usage of geothermal energy in the hot water boiler room Stred I. is evaluated on all these indicators.

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Krag, Helen. "Enighed om målet, men strid om midlerne." Udenrigs, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/udenrigs.v0i2.119118.

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Boudeau, J. "Analysis of the LKB1-STRAD-MO25 complex." Journal of Cell Science 117, no. 26 (December 15, 2004): 6365–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.01571.

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Veleva-Rotse, Biliana O., James L. Smart, Annette F. Baas, Benjamin Edmonds, Zi-ming Zhao, Allyson Brown, Lillian R. Klug, et al. "STRAD pseudokinases regulate axogenesis and LKB1 stability." Neural Development 9, no. 1 (2014): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1749-8104-9-5.

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