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1
Weiss, Torsten. "Wind Power Project Development : Financial Viability of Repowering with RETScreen as a Decision Aid Tool." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-257684.
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There is a need for an efficient adjustment of the energy supply system towards renewable energy resources in the near future. This raises the question whether it is financially efficient to repower an onshore wind turbine or wind farm in operation with respect to specific surrounding conditions? To this purpose, the objective of this Thesis is a quantitative analysis of a wind power project repowering addressing certain legislative parameters, varying economic factors and WT models respectively. To enable this analysis, a case-study considering a number of hypothetical scenarios for repowering a wind farm in Germany has been applied. The scenarios address in particular the widely implemented limitation in overall building heights of 100m depending upon varying economical parameters. Nevertheless, this case-study applies three different WT models whereof one model matches the legislations and the other two models exceed the legislations by a varying degree in order to evaluate a potential productivity growth. The varying economic conditions are represented by a base case projection applying average wind power construction costs and financial rates whereas a best case and worst case projection consider deviating interest rates, capacity factors, investment and O&M costs respectively. The economic calculations together with the determination of the capacity factor with respect to each WT model are performed by utilising the decision aid tool RETScreen. The results obtained by this case-study show versatile economic and technological performance. WT models of minor size addressing in particular local existing legislation regarding the limitation of overall height which must not exceed 100m are inefficient regardless of varying economic conditions. Exceeding the limitation, WT models provide a significant increase in performance and thus return positive economic results independent of varying economic conditions. The main conclusion is that existing local legislations based on previous considerations from the past but which no longer correspond to the state of technology have to be questioned in general or have to be mitigated by subsidy instruments in order to support a generation shift in technology before the end of life of operational wind farms and thus promptly increase efficiency by repowering.
2
Kok, F. Josephine B. de. "Economic rationality and political viability, prerequisites in economic reform? : a case study of China, 1978-1995." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a38a09c3-00b4-4a70-80f1-71d65d471d31.
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To address the research questions - How has the Chinese government been able to produce a successful reform process and what logic has been behind it? - I develop a politico-economic framework that is largely based on a public choice model by Frey and Eichenberger (1992) and a politico-economic research methodology by Bates and Kreuger (1993). Its basic assumption is that all individuals, including bureaucrats and autocrats, maximise their own power and money subject to constraints. Secondly, it assumes that, when a new leadership rises to power, it will try to start an economic reform process in order to secure its power position. Per reform period, economic reform plans are analysed on their intended effect, implementation and actual results in pure economic terms as well as in political terms (leadership's power position). The framework hypothesises that during a reform process a government will perform a constant balancing act between the political viability with the economic rationality of each individual reform measure. This hypothesis is testedJand the Chinese reform period 1978-1995. The constraints Deng Xiaoping's leadership faces are the Communist Party's rule, a very strong bureaucracy, management of state enterprises and military, the command economy with an agricultural commune system and a revenue dependency on state owned enterprises. The hypothesis largely holds for China: agricultural reforms start with liberalisation to be later on largely retracted; real state owned enterprise reforms are never implemented; rural industrial reforms boom after tax revenues could be withheld at local level; the military's civilian industries is thriving. Unwanted results are quickly changed or retracted in the following period. Also identified is that despite these efforts, unintended interlinkage effects between the different reform measures become increasingly important and difficult to assess, resulting in a great loss of power for the leadership.
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King, Richard R. "Can the conversion to organic apple production improve economic and ecological viability in the Okanagan? a case study." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42307.
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The viability of commercial apple production in the central Okanagan is threatened by high input costs, high land cost, restrictions on operations due to perceived and real environmental damage, and a historically oversupplied free market for apples. This paper documents the conversion of a Kelowna apple orchard to certified organic status in 2006 to 2008 and analyzes the potential of the conversion to counter some of the threats to viability of the farm.
Economic factors compared for conventional and organic farm systems are input costs, market returns (historical and projected) and changes occurring in market access for organic produce. Environmental factors discussed are differences in pest control methods, orchard nutrition, water use, and the potential environmental impact of organic philosophy on Okanagan apple production.
Organic food production and marketing in Canada is regulated by the federal government. The importance of regulation and identification of organic foods is discussed and evaluated.Study results show that conversion of a conventional apple orchard to organic production has significant potential for improving economic viability for an Okanagan apple orchard but does not conclusively demonstrate environmental improvement. Government and infrastructure support systems for organic production and marketing are limited in capacity to promote significant growth in Canada’s organic production. A threat to the observed improvement in Orchard viability by converting to organic production is the fact that the organic market is small. If a large number of producers in the Okanagan and Washington state were to convert to organic production, premiums for organic apples would likely shrink and the improved viability noted in the study might disappear.
Several recommendations are made for further research and an outline of necessary steps for those planning conversion of an Okanagan apple orchard to organic production is included.
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Baker, Kahlil. "Using product-specific fuelwood yields to assess economic viability : a case study of farm-based Gliricidia sepium and Caesalpinia velutina plantations in Nicaragua." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43232.
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Non-industrial fuelwood plantations are commonly seen as a means of improving rural livelihoods while helping to meet energy demand. However, for smallholders to invest in the establishment of fuelwood plantations, economic viability is required. Two of the greatest sources of uncertainty in evaluating the economic viability of fuelwood plantations are the effects that market-specific requirements can have on the stumpage price a plantation owner can hope to receive and the lack of appropriate growth and yield information. The primary objective of this thesis was to determine if Caesalpinia velutina and Gliricidia sepium fuelwood plantations in Nicaragua could be economically viable in the smallholder context if sold within the market place. To improve the accuracy of the economic viability assessment, a novel approach was used that forecasted fuelwood yields by market-specific product segments, thereby accounting for the effects of market requirements on differential revenues and costs. Data on market demand, product segment dimensions and prices were collected by measuring fuelwood logs and by interviewing fuelwood consuming business owners. To forecast fuelwood log volume by product segments, species-specific yield models based on three separate sub-models were developed: 1) mean diameter at breast height (DBH) predicted over time; 2) mean height as a function of mean DBH; and 3) taper as a function of mean DBH and mean height. Mortality was assumed to be zero, following establishment mortality. To assess economic viability, information on costs, discount rates, market requirements and fuelwood yields by product segment were combined using the net present value (NPV) and the internal rate of return (IRR). It was concluded that fuelwood plantation yields according to product-specific requirements were essential for the economic viability analysis. In the context of this study, farm-based Caesalpinia velutina and Gliricidia sepium fuelwood plantations could be economically viable over longer rotations. However, barriers to entry such as access to capital and the need for reaching economies of scale made it unlikely that fuelwood plantations could be economically viable for smallholders without institutional support.
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Lien, Oskarsson Mathias. "Systemic risks with Contingent Convertible Bonds : A simulated study in systemic risks of triggering CoCos in a stressed European banking system." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-376566.
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Ever since the great financial crisis of 2008 regulators have pushed toward more resilient banks, resulting in more demanding regulation and an increase of regulator’s insight and power. Through the revision of the BASEL framework, Contingent Convertible Bonds were introduced in 2010 as a part of regulatory capital and has since then grown increasingly popular. However, these instruments have never been tested in a stressed European financial system. Hence, there is no genuine information of how these instruments would behave. Neither have there been any published efforts in testing this through simulation, to the best of my knowledge. Using a temporally disaggregated augmentation of the EBA 2016 stress test, I simulate how the financial system would be affected by triggering the CoCos. Studying the implications of both low and high trigger instruments. Results indicate that there are low risks for a systemic fallout and showcases some notable differences as a result of CoCo design and type of trigger.
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Singh, Baljot. "A case study about the potential of battery storage in Culture house : Investigation on the economic viability of battery energy storage system with peak shaving & time-of-use application for culture house in Skellefteå." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-52998.
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The energy demand is steadily increasing, and the electricity sector is undergoing a severe change in this decade. The primary drivers, such as the need to decarbonize the power industry and megatrends for more distributed and renewable systems, are resulting in revolutionary changes in our lifestyle and industry. The power grid cannot be easily or quickly be upgraded, as investment decisions, construction approvals, and payback time are the main factors to consider. Therefore, new technology, energy storage, tariff reform, and new business models are rapidly changing and challenging the conventional industry. In recent times, industrial peak shaving application has sparked an increased interest in battery energy storage system (BESS). This work investigated BESS’s potential from peak shaving and Time-of-use (TOU) applications for a Culture-house in Skellefteå. Available literature provides the knowledge of various BESS applications, tariff systems, and how battery degradation functions. The predicted electrical load demand of the culture-house for 2019 is obtained from a consultant company Incoord. The linear optimization was implemented in MATLAB using optimproblem function to perform peak shaving and time-of-use application for the Culture-hose BESS. A cost-optimal charging/discharging strategy was derived through an optimization algorithm by analyzing the culture-house electrical demand and Skellefteå Kraft billing system. The decisional variable decides when to charge/discharge the battery for minimum battery degradation and electricity purchase charges from the grid. Techno-economic viability is analyzed from BESS investment cost, peak-power tariff, battery lifespan, and batter aging perspective. Results indicate that the current BESS price and peak-power tariff of Skellefteå Kraft are not suitable for peak shaving. Electricity bill saving is too low to consider TOU application due to high battery degradation. However, combining peak shaving & TOU does generate more profit annually due to additional savings from the electricity bill. However, including TOU also leads to higher battery degradation, making it not currently a viable application. A future scenario suggests a decrease in investment cost, resulting in a shorter payback period. The case study also analyses the potential in the second-life battery, where they are purchased at 80 % State of Health (SoH) for peak shaving application. Second-life batteries are assumed to last until 70 % or 60 % before End of Life (EOL). The benefit-cost ratio indicates that second-life batteries are an attractive investment if batteries can perform until 60% end of life, it would be an excellent investment from an economic and sustainability perspective. Future work suggests integrating more BESS applications into the model to make BESS an economically viable project.
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O'Malley, John Richard Jr. "Electronic Data Interchange: An Inventory Perspective of Its Economic Viability and Recommendations for Information Technology Driven Implementation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37365.
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Electronic commerce (EC) in its various forms is perceived by many organizations as the way that business will be conducted in the future. Much of the current wave of interest in EC is driven by new, readily available technologies like the Internet and the World Wide Web. The excitement regarding Web Commerce has lead many to believe that EC is relatively new. In reality, EC in the form of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) has existed for 30 years and accounts for far more business than WC. It is the preferred, and often required, way of doing business with many large organizations such as the U.S. Federal Government, Ford, General Motors, and Wal-Mart.
While EDI has existed for 30 years, it has not experienced the rapid adoption rate that Web Commerce has in the last few years. Currently, less than 10 percent of U.S. businesses and less than 5 percent of world businesses utilize EDI. The adoption rates for other recent information technologies, such as the World Wide Web and e-mail, have been much higher in a much smaller time frame which leads to the question of why has diffusion of EDI occurred so slowly compared to other recent information technologies. According to Kalakota and Whinston (1996), it is not due to technology problems with EDI but instead with its benefits. This is in conflict with Emmelhainz (1990) and Sokol (1995) who point out the tremendous benefits to firms that adopt EDI.
This dissertation researches the reasons for the low EDI adoption rate based on financial benefits. It then develops an economic model that computes the cost savings which result when an EDI system is implemented. Sensitivity analysis is performed to understand the economic mechanisms of EDI. Based on the model developed here, recommendations are made for changing EDI to increase its market penetration. Finally, based on the recommendations an alternative EDI system, JEEDI, is developed. The financial effectiveness of the JEEDI system over existing EDI systems is then demonstrated using the economic model developed here.Ph. D.
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Maclean, Sindisile. "Assessing financial viability of selected urban and rural municipalities in the Eastern Cape." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007093.
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The purpose of the research is to assess the financial viability of selected urban and rural municipalities in the Eastern Cape. Municipalities that are not financially viable and sustainable will always struggle to deliver basic services to communities. Without sound financial management systems, municipalities will be forced to discontinue their operations. Municipalities, particularly small and rural ones, are not self-sufficient and often rely on grants and transfers to satisfy their immediate short-term goal of providing basic services to satisfy the needs of their communities. Therefore, finance is regarded as an overriding and decisive factor for determining the viability of municipalities. The study seeks to investigate the financial viability of selected urban and rural municipalities in the Eastern Cape. Its key research questions are: Are municipalities able to provide sufficient funds to provide a range of services at an acceptable service level? To what extent do municipalities rely on external funding? Do municipalities have revenue collection capacity and revenue policies? The study asserts that most municipalities lack the required financial resources. They depend mainly on transfers from Provincial Government and equitable share and conditional grants from National Government. Section 152 (1) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Act 8 of 1996, states, amongst other things, that Local Government should ensure the provision of services to communities in a sustainable manner. The constitution further states that a municipality must strive, within its financial and administrative capacity, to achieve its objectives. The Municipal Finance Management Act, Act 56 of 2003, creates a framework for municipalities to borrow money and determine the conditions for short- and long-term borrowing. The Act assigns clear roles and responsibilities to the various role players involved in local government financial management. According to the Act, an annual budget for a municipality may only be funded from realistically anticipated revenues to be collected. As revenue projections in the budget must be realistic, the Municipal Property Rates Act, Act 6 of 2004, facilitates the collection of revenue in municipalities and establishes a uniform property rating system across South Africa. Property tax is the biggest element of local government tax revenue and is central to municipal finance. The Municipal Systems Act, Act 32 of 2000, amongst its objectives, provides for the manner in which municipal powers and functions are exercised as well as establishes a simple framework for the core processes of planning, performance management and resource mobilisation. The Act also provides a framework for public administration and human resource development. Finally, it also empowers the poor and ensures that municipalities put in place service tariffs and credit control policies that take their needs into account. The research contends that, whilst there is legislation and structures to assist and direct municipalities, it has been established that municipalities do not properly collect rates and taxes due to them to augment their revenue. The study has shown nevertheless that metropolitan municipalities have the capacity to collect revenue for municipal services. This is confirmed by their collection rate which ranges between 94 % and 97 %. There is also the culture of non-payment by communities for services rendered by the municipalities. Rural municipalities are exempted from property tax, while other rural municipalities who have an urban component, have to collect. There is also the question of unemployment and poverty. Consequently, municipalities are not self-sufficient and rely on grants and equitable share to survive. As a result of this lack of self-sufficiency, it is difficult to implement service delivery and also difficult to attract skilled personnel. The study has investigated why some municipalities fail to collect revenue and depend on national grants. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative methods. The findings of the quantitative paradigm have been presented in the form of graphs and charts. The major findings include: All municipalities have limited borrowing capacity; have not exceeded their budgets in terms of their spending; small municipalities have households as their main contributor of revenue collected; metropolitan municipalities get the big slice of their revenue from business; small and rural municipalities rely on grants and transfers and are therefore not financially viable; metropolitan municipalities are, to a great extent, financially viable but lack skills and capacity to utilize their resources for effective service delivery; and all municipalities under-spend their budgets. The study, after elaborating on the findings, makes recommendations on how municipalities should become financially viable.
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Costa, Cristiana Filipa Gomes. "Viabilidade económico-financeira de projeto de criação de negócio têxtil." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19988.
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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisA existência de uma relação precária entre a cadeia de lojas BalletShop- composta por 5 lojas, localizadas na área centro e sul do país - e um dos seus maiores fornecedores de artigos de vestuário, que potenciará uma eminente cessação do contrato entre ambas as partes, foi a situação que despoletou a ideia do negócio em análise. Desse modo, o presente projeto propõe a criação de um negócio de produção de vestuário de dança, que se caracteriza por ser um negócio de reduzida dimensão, no entanto, com uma previsão favorável de crescimento, dado que irá atuar num nicho de mercado pouco explorado em Portugal, mas com bastante potencial, não só nacional, como internacionalmente. Para esse efeito, prevê-se a produção de quatro produtos - maillots, tutus cueca, saias de trespasse fixo e saias de pontas - , através de uma estratégia de diferenciação, no entanto tentando sempre otimizar o indicador qualidade/preço. Para a implementação do presente projeto será necessário um investimento de, aproximadamente, 19.000€ em maquinaria e equipamento diverso. A elaboração rigorosa e detalhada a nível técnico do presente projeto foi possível graças a uma investigação exaustiva acerca do tema e do setor, às entrevistas efetuadas às promotoras do projeto, e ao apoio e colaboração de diversas pessoas relacionadas com o empreendimento em análise e com a área a que este diz respeito. O resultado evidenciou um projeto viável e atrativo de investimento, suportado por resultados económico-financeiros, mesmo quando equacionando alguns cenários mais pessimistas.
The existence of a precarious relationship between the BalletShop chain of stores - made up of 5 stores - and one of its largest suppliers of dance wear, which will lead to an imminent termination of the contract between both parties, it was the situation that triggered the idea of the business under analysis. Thus, this project proposes the creation of a dance wear production business, which is characterized by being a small business, but with a favorable growth forecast, as it will operate in a little explored niche market in Portugal, but with a lot of potential, not only nationally but also internationally. To achieve this purpose, it is planned the production of four products - maillots, tutus and two types of skirts -, through a differentiation strategy, however always trying to optimize the quality/price indicator. To implement this project will be required an investment of, approximately, 19.000€ in machinery and equipment. The rigorous and detailed technical elaboration of this project was possible thanks to a thorough research on the theme and the sector, to the interviews carried out with the project promoters and the support and collaboration of several people related to the project under analysis and the area to which it relates. The result evidenced a viable and attractive investment project, supported by economic and financial results, even when equating some pessimistic scenarios.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Bagge, Laura. "An investigation of the economic viability and ethical ramifications of video surveillance in the ICU." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/943.
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The purpose of this review of literature is to investigate the various roles of video surveillance (VS) in the hospital's intensive care unit (ICU) as well as its legal and ethical implications. Today, hospitals spend more money on the ICU than on any other unit. By 2030, the population of those 65 and over is expected to double. 80% of older adults have at least one chronic diseases (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). As a consequence, the demand for ICU services will likely increase, which may burden hospital with additional costs. Because of increasing economic pressures, more hospitals are using video surveillance to enhance quality care and reduce ICU costs (Goran, 2012). Research shows that VS enhances positive outcomes among patients and best practice compliance among hospital staff. The results are fewer reports of patient complications and days spent in the ICU, and an increase in reported hospital savings. In addition, VS is becoming an important tool for the families of newborns in the neonatal ICU (NICU). The belief is that the VS can facilitate parent-baby bonding. In the United States of America, privacy rights impose legal restrictions on VS. These rights come from the U.S. Constitution, Statutory law, Regulatory law, and State law. HIPPA authorizes the patient to control the use and disclosure of his or her health information. Accordingly, hospitals are under obligation to inform patients on their right to protected health information. It is appropriate that hospitals use VS for diagnostic purposes as long as they have obtained patient consent. According to modern day privacy experts Charles Fried and Alan Westin, a violation of a person's privacy equates a violation on their liberty and morality. However, if a physician suspects that a third party person is causing harm to the patient, than the use of covert VS is justifiable.B.S.N.
Bachelors
Nursing
Nursing
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Gabriel, Ivan Mark. "Financial development, economic growth and stability: A case study of South Africa’s financial reform." University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7782.
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Magister Commercii - MComSouth Africa's unique colonial history, apartheid legacy, and ongoing transition to democratic governance drive the country's determination to attain its development objectives. Embedded in that determination is a broad social and .environmental public benefits agenda-that is, a sustainable economic development agenda. Public benefits include, inter alia, banking access, black economic empowerment and financial sector stability and efficiency. "
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Gozman, Daniel. "A post financial crisis study of compliance practices and systems in global financial organizations : an institutionalist perspective." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3125/.
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The financial crisis of 2007–2009 and the resultant pressures exerted on policymakers to prevent future crises have precipitated coordinated regulatory responses globally. As a result, large scale regulatory change is being enacted within this industry to protect investors and economic systems. Very little research exists, either prior to the crisis or since, on how compliance practices are managed through technology within financial organizations. The research objective of this study is to understand how institutional changes to the regulatory landscape may affect corresponding locally institutionalized operational practices within financial organizations. The study adopts an Investment Management System (IMS) as its case and investigates different implementations of this system within eight financial organizations, focused on investment activities within capital markets. This study makes a contribution by outlining a detailed review of this technology and identifying post-crisis practices for organizing compliance and the social forces influencing them through technology. Through symbolic systems, relational systems, routines and artefacts the IMS diffuses new compliance practices and further embeds existing ones. The study shows that this system is not objective and is currently in flux as this dynamic and complex environment evolves in the wake of the global financial crisis. Correspondingly, social, political and functional pressures are acting to deinstitutionalise related behaviours and practices. Yet compliance behaviours and practices are simultaneously being institutionalised through coercive, normative and mimetic mechanisms. However, the study also highlights the ability of some agents to exercise limited control on the impact of regulatory institutions. The research found evidence that some older practices persisted and so the study suggests that the institutionalization of technology induced compliant behaviour is still uncertain. The research makes an additional contribution to practitioners by distilling the findings into a model of IS capabilities for compliance and a model to measure the maturity of a firm’s compliance capabilities.
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Ghebre, Temesghen Tesfazghi. "The Viability of Installing Mid-Size PV Solar Parks in Sweden : "A paper that evaluates the economic viability of installing mid-size PV solar parks ranging from 250 kW to 2 MW in the village of Åled."." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33931.
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The ambition of the Swedish government is rapidly concentrating on the development of the renewable energy systems especially on wind energy, bio energy and solar energy. It has been observed on the growth of the production of electricity and heat from these three mentioned renewable energy systems. But, relatively in Sweden the share of production of electricity obtained from PV is quite smaller than the other two. The PV electricity production in Sweden comprises in a large scale of mainly the grid connected distributed PV systems and with a small number of installed solar parks. The aim of this paper is to analyze the viability of installing mid -size PV solar parks in Sweden and to simulate the effect of the proposed project in the village’s (Åled is the village where the proposed site is located) and the country’s electricity production. This study includes designing, simulation and financial analysis of different grid connected centralized mid -size capacities of PV solar parks of 250 kWp,500 kWp,1MWp and 2MWp. They are all fixed ground mounted systems. Moreover, it also discusses the main reasons that hinders decision makers, the PV complications that are connected to the grid, Sweden’s energy regulations particularly the emission regulation and the financial policies of PV. Also, study visit, telephone and email contacts have supplemented it. This study was done with the collaboration of Nyedal Solenergi, in which the proposed site was owned by the company and this paper will be a future guide for the investment of the mid-size PV solar park. According to the study a discussion has been made with the grid supplier (EON) in that area on the investment on one of the designed projects which are presented in this paper. The results of the study show that the effect of the proposed systems on the production of electricity in the village of Åled was between 2.68 – 21.4 % and the impact on the country’s PV electricity production was 0.2 – 1.58 %. And, the possibility of installing mid-size PV solar parks generally in Sweden particularly in the proposed site is possible and economically it is viable but not profitable for system capacities less than 1 MW. As the IRR found for all capacities is greater than the estimated WACC, hence each proposed capacity has the possibility of paying back all its investment costs in about 23 years. So, the profitability is very low in case of the 250 kWp and 500 kWp but for the others they have about 7-8 years of profitability. A sensitivity analysis also has shown the impact of initial investment costs, O & M costs and electricity export rate on the IRR, NPV and equity payback. The initial investment cost and electricity export rate were seen with high effect on the IRR, NPV and equity payback. The LCOE calculated was higher than the average electricity spot price (300 SEK/MWh) for 250 kWp and 500 kWp but lower for the other two capacities. The overall impact for the financial analysis was due to the decreasing of module prices, the rules that changes every year on electricity subsidies for renewables, tax reductions and rapid decreasing of electricity spot prices. In the future if the price of modules continues decreasing, spot price increases, more modification of the subsidy and introduction of new PV technologies integrated with other sources of energy is done then such projects could be more profitable.
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Šinkūnaitė, Ingrida. "Mokesčių ir subsidijų įtaka ūkių ekonominiam gyvybingumuui." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130621_132507-79553.
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SANTRAUKA
Ingrida ŠINKŪNAITĖ
Mokesčių ir subsidijų įtaka ūkių ekonominiam gyvybingumui
Magistrantūros studijų baigiamasis darbas, 60 puslapių, 46 paveikslai, 16 lentelių, 73 literatūros šaltiniai, 16 priedų, lietuvių kalba.
RAKTINIAI ŽODŽIAI: ekonominis gyvybingumas, žemės ūkis, finansinė analizė, gamybos subsidijos, žemės ūkio mokesčiai, ūkininko ūkis.
Tyrimo objektas – mokesčių ir subsidijų įtaka ūkio ekonominiam gyvybingumui.
Tyrimo tikslas – nustačius veiksnius, sukurti mokesčių ir subsidijų įtakos ūkio ekonominiam gyvybingumui vertinimo metodiką ir įvertinti mokesčių ir subsidijų įtaką ūkio ekonominiam gyvybingumui.
Tyrimo tikslui pasiekti keliami tokie uždaviniai:
• Apibūdinti ūkį ir išanalizuoti S. Šinkūno ūkio finansinę būklę.
• Apibrėžti tyrimui naudojamą – ekonominio gyvybingumo sampratą ir jį lemiančius veiksnius.
• Sudaryti metodiką subsidijų ir mokesčių įtakos ūkio ekonominiam gyvybingumui vertinimui.
• Nustatyti mokesčių ir subsidijų įtaką ūkių ekonominiam gyvybingumui.
Tyrimo metodai – literatūros analizė, lyginamoji, sisteminė, loginė ir analitinė analizė, santykinių rodiklių analizė, grafinis duomenų vaizdavimo būdas bei statistinės analizės metodai.
Tyrimo rezultatai. Pirmoje darbo dalyje išanalizuotas S. Šinkūno ūkis, pateikti pelningumo rodikliai ir nustatyta tyrimo problema. Antroje darbo dalyje atlikta įvairių autorių ekonominio gyvybingumo sampratos interpretacijų analizė, išskirti lemiantys veiksniai. Išanalizavus mokslinę literatūrą sudaryta... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]SUMMARY Ingrida ŠINKŪNAITĖ Influence of Taxes and Subsidies on the Economic Viability of Farms Final work of University Master Studies consists of 60 pages, 16 tables, 46 figures, 71 references, 16 appendices, in Lithuanian. KEY WORDS: economic viability, evaluation of the eco¬nomic viability, financial indicators, agriculture. The object of research – influence of taxes and subsidies on the economic viability of farms. The purpose of the study is to analyze the theoretical background of tax, to explore the problems of labor income and profit tax, to define how taxes and subsidies affect the economic viability of a farm and recommend the suggestions for the development. The objectives defined in the theses are to describe and analyze the financial situation of S. Šinkūnas farm, to define the concept of economic viability and its determinants, to develop and use a methodology for the assessment of the influence of subsidies and taxes on the economic viability of a farm, to show trends and make comparison of the farms. The methods used in the research are analysis of literature, comparative, systematic, logical and analytical analysis, analysis of relative indexes, graphical data display, statistical analysis. Research results: In the first part of the study S. Šinkūnas farm is investigated. The profitability indicators are presented and the research problem is defined. The second part of the thesis provides the analysis of various authors’ interpretations of the economic... [to full text]
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Sapkota, Narayan, Suman Khatri, and Rabi Aryal. "Financial Institutions and Economic Growth : The case of Nepal." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Technology and Society, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-3183.
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Financial Institutions have been regarded to be the core area of economic development. However, Nepal could not achieve satisfactory level of economic development and growth due to Maoists war (1996-2006) and the political instability. The increase in size and number of commercial banks are limited only in the urban areas so that banking services are not accessible to the general public.
This paper examines interaction between financial development and economic growth in Nepal employing correlation analysis, regression analysis, financial ratios and other related theories.
As we found that financial institutions have grown rapidly which has implication in overall economy of the nation. The economic indicators such as GDP, GDP per capita, loan assets of commercial banks, investment, deposit, number of commercial banks, and inflation rate from fiscal year 2001 to 2007 are used for the analysis of this study.
The relevant ratios of commercial banks such as deposit, investment, and profitability are found to be in increasing trend. The growth rate of GDP/capita is however volatile in the study period, the regression result of Deposit/GDP is weakly significant under the study period {(0,06)*}. The investment growth rate is not significant at all possibly due to the time lag of the effect of investment on the economic development.
Furthermore, correlation between Growth rate of GDP and deposit/GDP (ρ=0.49). The Growth rate of GDP and investment over GDP is positive related with a correlation coefficient of 0.82. This has confirmed our beliefs in the set out of the thesis.
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Le, Chau Ho An. "Cross-border financial linkages and international financial contagion : an empirical study of East Asia during the 2007-2011 global financial crisis." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4455/.
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Motivated by the global financial market turbulence in 2007-2011 and the gaps from the literature, this thesis presents an econometric assessment of different transmission mechanisms that propagated and amplified shocks from advanced economies to East Asia. The asset price channel is investigated with MS-VAR model and multivariate unconditional correlation tests. The recursive bivariate probit models are applied to test the liquidity shock transmission via the sudden stop in international lending. The second round effects are examined with partial adjustment models and system GMM estimation. The econometric procedure and testing approach bring about novel results from superior estimation techniques and handle several statistical problems such as heteroskedasticity, non-linearity, endogeneity, omitted variables, simultaneous equations and sample selection bias. The main finding of the thesis is that despite relatively sound fundamentals and limited exposure to structured credit products, East Asia could not totally decouple from the global financial crisis. Specifically, the asset price channels propagated volatility spillovers from the US and Europe to East Asian equity, foreign exchange and CDS markets. While international volatility spillovers were mainly caused by fundamental links, international behaviour during the shocks intensified the regional linkages and generated contagion effect. There was also contagion evidence associated with the sudden stop in international lending which facilitated the transmission of liquidity tensions in the interbank markets. Finally, contagion was magnified by the second round effects, defined as the feedback loops from the sudden changes in macro-financial conditions which caused adverse adjustment in bank performance. These findings have useful implications for international investors and policy authorities regarding to portfolio diversification and systematic risk containment.
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Husien, N. M. E. "Financial sector development, savings and economic performance : a case study of Libya." Thesis, University of Salford, 2007. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14891/.
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The financial liberalisation theorem postulates that liberalising the financial sector is a route to increasing savings and investment, and thus the promotion of growth. Endogenous growth models suggest that financial sector development increases savings mobilisation, transfers savings into investments, and increases the productivity of investment, with the consequence of economic growth and improved economic performance. However, in practice, experience has shown that a number of developing countries do not demonstrate this kind of relationship, and have rather, recorded relatively low growth despite achieving high savings rates. It is argued that the reason why few authors have found empirical evidence supporting the notion that saving causes growth in developing countries, and have found instead that growth causes savings, is these scholars' failure to consider the productivity of investment financed by savings, evidenced by the tendency to use aggregate measures of savings. This work proposes that the quality of saving is important, and instead of using gross saving, financial savings is used as a measure of savings. Despite the implementation of reforms and liberalisation in the financial sector, especially the banking industry, as the major elements of the economic reforms and structural adjustment programmes in Libya in the early 1990s, the resulting improved economic performance has not been followed by sustained economic growth and development, and investment rates are still insufficient to achieve this. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to identify the role of the financial sector, examining the impact of its development on saving, and on the growth of the Libyan economy. The methodology used in this research involved the quantitative approach. The quantitative aspect was based on an empirical assessment of the importance of financial sector development by using time-series econometric techniques including the unit root test, testing for cointegration and causality for the variables of the study. The results indicate that the impact of the real interest rate on financial saving and domestic investment is negative in the long run. The impact of real output on financial savings and domestic investment is positive in the long run. Credit as an indicator of financial sector development, has a very small impact on domestic saving in the long run and is highly insignificant in the long run. The causality test results indicate that causality runs from growth to financial savings, from growth or real output to credit. The study suggests that more attention should be paid to other aspects of financial liberalisation and financial reforms because liberalising the interest rate is not only the key aspect of financial sector reform.
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Chow, Julian. "The study of the causal relationship of financial development and economic growth." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2008. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/1010/.
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The present enquiry concerns whether there is a bi-directional causal relationship between financial development and economic growth. It contributes to the century of debate revolving around the issue of whether the financial sector is 'supply-leading' or 'demandfollowing' that is first raised by Patrick (1966). A new theoretical. model is developed to study the bi-directional relationship of the finance-growth nexus. The model shows that the provision of liquidity in the banking system, by preventing premature liquidation of capital and improvement ofrisk sharing through inter-mediation, results in a larger capital accumulation in the economy. This justifies the existence and development of the financial sector in the economy. Financial development in tum can exert a positive effect on long-run economic growth through the interest-rate channel by increasing bank competition and by increasing the efficiency of financial intermediation. Economic growth in the real sector will generate more saving, thereby exerting a positive external effect on banking productivity and raising the wage rate for the bank. This will lead to a further financial development. The interaction will continue until the marginal. productivity oflabour becomes equal across the real sector and the financial sector. A maximum of 161 countries with a maximum time span ranging from 1965 to 2004is included in the cross-country empirical analysis using the Granger-Causality test with optimal lag-length selection criteria and the Simultaneous Equation Model Approach, to examine the bi-directional relationship. Results from the Granger-Causality test suggest that economies will shift from the demand-following pattern in the early stage of development to a .supply-leading pattern at the later stage of development, and thereby refutes the Patrick (1966) hypothesis that supply-leading pattern dominates in the early stage. Results from the Simultaneous Equation Model Approach suggest that the relationship for the finance-growth nexus is reciprocal and give rises to a cumulative process. Policies that foster financial development and economic growth, such as private property rights protection, trade liberalisation policy, removal of inflation tax, population control, investment in education, raising private investment and government public expenditure, will therefore exert a cumulative beneficial effect to the economy. Insufficient financial development might therefore be a reason for the emergence of poverty trap, and insufficient economic growth might lead to underdevelopment of financial system that prevents the economy from taking off.
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Pires, Samuel Monteiro. "Viabilidade económico-financeira de criação de negócio de mobilidade urbana." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20685.
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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisA inexistência de um serviço sharing de trotinetes elétricas no concelho do Barreiro foi a situação que originou a ideia de negócio em desenvolvimento. Desta forma, o projeto em questão visa avaliar a viabilidade económica-financeira da criação de um negócio de mobilidade urbana no concelho do Barreiro, onde se pretende implementar inicialmente 30 trotinetes elétricas. Este projeto tem como missão conceder uma opção de mobilidade para aqueles que desejam deslocar-se de uma forma rápida, flexível e a um custo reduzido. Para além disso, pretende-se que os munícipes disponham de um meio de transporte que esteja disponível em lugares referenciados a qualquer momento do dia. O negócio em análise caracteriza-se pelo elevado número de potenciais clientes. Com base nos Censos 2011, o concelho do Barreiro tinha à data 78.764 habitantes, dos quais 50.532 tinham idades compreendidas entre os 15 e os 64 anos (INE, 2012). O mercado potencial deste empreendimento é caracterizado essencialmente pelos jovens e pessoas de meia-idade que na sua rotina já recorrem a transportes públicos ou fazem vários percursos a pé. Para a execução desta ideia de negócio será necessário realizar um investimento inicial de 23.414,56€ em ativos fixos tangíveis e de 24.600,00€ em ativo intangível, mais concretamente no software as a service (SaaS). Os resultados evidenciaram que este negócio é atrativo numa perspetiva de longo prazo, podendo ainda ser financiado através de programas como o Portugal 2030, os quais poderão financiar uma parte substancial deste empreendimento a fundos perdidos, diminuindo desta forma o risco para o investidor.
The lack of an electric scooter sharing service in the municipality of Barreiro was the situation that triggered the business idea under analysis. Thus, the project in question aims to assess the economic and financial viability of creating an urban mobility business in the municipality of Barreiro, where it is intended to initially implement 30 electric scooters. This project's mission is to provide a mobility option for those who want to move quickly, flexibly and at a reduced cost. In addition, it is intended that citizens have a means of transport that is available in strategic places at any time of the day. The project under analysis is characterized by the high number of potential customers. Based on the 2011 Census the municipality of Barreiro had 78.764 inhabitants at that time, of which 50.532 were aged between 15 and 64 years old (INE, 2012). The potential market for this business is essentially characterized by young and middle-aged people who already use public transport or make several routes on foot in their routine. To implement this project will be required an initial investment of 23.414,56€ in tangible fixed assets and 24.600,00€ in intangible assets, more specifically in the software as a service (SaaS). The results proved that this business is attractive in a long-term perspective. Furthermore, it can also be financed through programs such as Portugal 2030, which may finance a substantial part of this business with outright grants, reducing the risk for the investor.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Alrayes, Massa Waddah. "Causality between financial development and economic growth: a case study on selected middle eastern countries." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2321.
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This study empirically investigates the hypothesis of causality between
financial development and economic growth in seven Middle East and North African
countries from a time series perspective. I use ordinary least squares and vector auto
regression estimations to infer Granger Causality, after controlling for a set of nonfinancial
variables. Results show evidence of unidirectional and bidirectional causality
between financial development and economic growth in four cases, no causality in two
cases, and no significant relation between financial development and economic growth
in one case. The significance of the relations varies on case-specific basis. I also control
for three indices of civil liberties, economic and political freedom, and find significant
evidence of an impact on GDP in three out of seven countries.
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Silva, Francisco Wilson Ferreira da. "Financial study of actuarial solvency, economic and own pension schemes municipal social CearÃ." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11978.
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nÃo hÃO ordenamento jurÃdico brasileiro, à partir de 1998, permitiu que os entes federativos estados e municÃpios pudessem migrar do Regime Geral de PrevidÃncia (RGPS), capitaneado pelo INSS, para um Regime PrÃprio de PrevidÃncia Social (RPPS) tomando o cuidado para os aportes financeiros necessÃrios para a harmonia do equilÃbrio atuarial de modo a garantir, no futuro, o pagamento dos benefÃcios a quem de direito (massa laboral incluÃda nos regimes previdenciÃrios), de sorte que dos 5.509 municÃpios brasileiros, 1.957 instituÃram os seus RPPS e, 55 municÃpios no Estado do CearÃ, dos 184 existentes. O objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi apurar o resultado atuarial dos RPPS instituÃdos nos municÃpios cearenses por meio de um software construÃdo pelo autor e confrontÃ-lo com o resultado atuarial contido nos Demonstrativos de Resultado das AvaliaÃÃes Atuariais â DRRAÂs. De acordo com os cÃlculos realizados os RPPS municipais cearenses apresentam dÃficit atuarial no montante de R$ 3.361.632.976,77, enquanto o valor do resultado atuarial demonstrados nos DRAAÂs apresentam dÃficit atuarial no valor de R$ 10.344.705.187,76. Em ambas as apuraÃÃes o resultado deficitÃrio tem concentraÃÃo nos municÃpios de Fortaleza, CanindÃ, MaracanaÃ, Juazeiro do Norte e Itapipoca. Na 1. e 2. apuraÃÃo os municÃpios de Amontada e Caucaia se mostraram superavitÃrios, acrescentando-se, tambÃm, que os municÃpios de Cruz e Fortim se revelaram superavitÃrios no cÃlculo realizado pelo autor. O dÃficit atuarial do MunicÃpio de Itapipoca apresentou-se preciso, tanto no cÃlculo formulado pelo autor, quanto no demonstrado no DRRA do ente. Conclui-se que os entes previdenciÃrios deficitÃrios nÃo oferecem sistema de estrutura para o acÃmulo de recursos para o pagamento de compromissos definidos nos planos de benefÃcios.
The Brazilian legal system , starting from 1998 revealed that the federative states and municipalities could migrate from the General Provident Fund Scheme ( RGPS ) , headed by the INSS , for its Own Social Security System ( RPPS ) taking care to financial contributions necessary for the harmony of actuarial balance to ensure in the future payment of benefits to those eligible ( work force included in pension schemes ) , so that the 5,509 Brazilian municipalities, 1,957 have instituted their RPPS and 55 towns in State of Cearà , the existing 184 . The main objective of this research was to determine the actuarial results of RPPS established in municipalities of Cearà through a software built by the author and confront him with the actuarial results contained in the statements of income of the Actuarial Reviews - DRRA 's. According to the calculations the Cearà municipal RPPS present actuarial deficit in the amount of R $ 3,361,632,976.77 , while the value of actuarial results demonstrated in the present DRAA 's actuarial deficit of R $ 10,344,705,187.76 . In both calculations the deficit result has concentration in the cities of Fortaleza, CanindÃ, MaracanaÃ, Juazeiro and Itapipoca. In 1. & 2. calculating the municipalities of Amontada and Caucaia proved surplus, also adding to the towns of Cruz and Fortim, the surplus calculation performed by the author. The actuarial deficit of the municipality of Itapipoca presented itself takes both the calculation made by the author, as in shown in the DRRA one. It is concluded that the pension deficit loved not offer structural system for the accumulation of resources for the payment of obligations defined benefit plans. There is evidence that there is no consistency in the figures to the MPAS during transport of the DRAA 's MPAS is recommending the external control bodies investigate that the reason pointed out the differences.
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Siane, Lucia. "The role of financial sector development in economic growth : case study of Botswana." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5694.
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Includes bibliographical references.The relationship between financial development and economic growth has received a lot of attention in economic literature. Most of the findings indicate a positive impact of financial development on economic growth. Despite its under developed financial sector since independence, Botswana has been experiencing a steady economic growth. This has been mainly attributed to mineral deposits which may not be sustainable in the long run. As is Government policy to diversify the economy away from mining, this paper analyses the contribution of financial sector development to economic growth in Botswana using econometric techniques such as the cointegration vector autoregression approach.
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Stringberg, Frida. "Does financial sector development have an effect on economic growth? : A study of sub-saharan africa." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Nationalekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32721.
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The role of the financial sector in helping an economy grow has been the subject of debate for a long time. Recently, however, consensus has been reached, through empirical evidence, showing the importance of financial sector development in achieving economic growth (ADB, 2009). Using the Global Financial Development Database (GFDD) model, the study done here will provide an analysis of financial sector development in Sub-Saharan Africa and its effect on economic growth, using data for 40 countries, in the years from 2000-2014. This analysis was done using a cross-sectional regression analysis of countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) with data provided from the World Bank. The regression shows significantly positive results between economic growth and firms using banks to finance investments, bank cost to income ratio and bank credit to bank deposits, while significantly negative results are shown in financial system deposits and stock market total value traded. However, seeing as financial sector development is diverse and dynamic, these measurements and the regression done here will not provide a comprehensive picture of the state of financial sector development in SSA.
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Wide, Hanna, and Karlsson Alice Wide. "How Women’s Economic Empowerment program affects financial literacy : A qualitative study from the Philippines." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-74717.
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Women’s empowerment and gender equality contribute to the achievement of a sustainable world according to United Nations and Agenda 2030. Previous research highlights the impact of microfinance program on women’s empowerment. Through a lack in previous research, the aim of this report emerged. The aim is to describe and analyse women’s experience of how a microfinance program focused on women’s economic empowerment in the Philippines affect their financial literacy and in what ways financial literacy can be related to their empowerment. The study consists of a qualitative methodology and elements of a deductive approach. The collected empirical data consist of documents, observations and interviews. The results show that, through seminars and participation, the women got increased their knowledge in economics. Women’s participation in the microfinance program also lead to empowerment. The result shows that the women bring the knowledge from the program home to their personal finances and affects the individual’s environment. The impact of the microfinance program has larger effects for many women, not only the one participating in the program. Therefore, to understand the phenomena in this study, it is necessary to include experiences from outside the microfinance program. Because on the result in this report, the suggestions for future research is to investigate the correlation between the microfinance program and women’s personal finances.Enligt FN:s mål Agenda 2030 är jämställdhet och att alla kvinnor har makt att bestämma över sina liv en förutsättning för en hållbar utveckling i världen. Tidigare forskning lyfter fram vad mikrofinans program har för inverkan på kvinnors egenmakt (empowerment). På grund av brist i tidigare forskning har syftet med denna studie tagits fram. Syftet är att beskriva och analysera kvinnors egna uppfattningar om hur ett mikrofinans program, vars syfte är att öka kvinnors egenmakt i Filippinerna påverkar finansiell läskunnighet (financial literacy). Vidare studeras hur ekonomisk läskunnighet kan relateras till kvinnors egenmakt. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ metod och inslag av deduktiv ansats. Det empiriska materialet har samlats in genom dokument, observationer samt intervjuer. Resultatet av kvinnornas uppfattning är att de ökat sin ekonomiska läskunnighet genom seminarier och deltagande i programmet. Kvinnors deltagande resulterar också i att de ökat sin egenmakt. Resultatet visar också på att kvinnorna tar med sig den nya kunskapen från programmet hem till den privata ekonomin och påverkar individens miljö. Uppfattningen är att mikrofinans programmet har större effekter än bara för de som deltar i programmet. Därmed, för att förstå fenomenet i denna studie är det nödvändigt att ta in effekter och erfarenheter utifrån mikrofinans programmet. För vidare forskning föreslår vi att djupare analysera sambandet mellan mikrofinans program och kvinnors privata ekonomi. Med tanke på resultatet i denna rapport, föreslår vi att fortsatt forskning djupare analysera sambandet mellan mikrofinans program och kvinnors privata ekonomi.
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Hilling, Axel. "Income taxation of derivatives and other financial instruments - economic substance versus legal form : A study focusing on Swedish non-financial companies." Doctoral thesis, Jönköping : Jönköping International Business School, Jönköping University, 2007. http://www.diva-portal.org/hj/abstract.xsql?dbid=934.
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Rony, Mohammad. "Impact investing & Aboriginal community economic development : from fishing net to financial net." New Leaf Associates, Inc, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31272.
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Impact investing is growing as a development approach to bring about positive social, environmental and economic impact for marginalized people in the developing world. But existing in a developed country like Canada, the Aboriginal communities are not getting enough attention due to lack of capacity, state dependency, state policies and negative perception among the stakeholders in the financial ecosystems. This thesis followed mixed methods participatory action research approach and had a deeper look on the present investment ecosystem and identified many barriers to investment for Aboriginal cooperative or social enterprise including negative stereotypes regarding Aboriginal communities impeding investing in cooperative or social enterprise. However, proper education, financial inclusion, awareness among stakeholders and engaging micro-investors in Aboriginal enterprises could improve the situation and develop opportunities for both the supply and demand side.May 2016
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Islam, Qamarullah Bin Tariq. "Financial liberalisation, bank excess liquidity and lending : a bank-level study for the economy of Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2016. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7271/.
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One of the main aims of financial liberalisation was to increase banking sector competition. Different policies were prescribed for this with one of the ultimate objectives being that banks would be able to lend without any constraint. If banks are able to lend their deposits fully then there will be no excess liquidity in the banking sector; even a significant increase of lending will imply reduction in excess liquidity. However, it is observed that although the process of financial liberalisation started around the early 1990s for most of the developing economies, still there is substantial excess liquidity problem in the banking sector in these countries, including Bangladesh. This study examined the possible reasons for excess liquidity and lending in Bangladesh using bank-level data of 37 banks for the period of 1997-2011 applying panel estimation methods. The first empirical chapter analysed how financial liberalisation affected the excess liquidity situation in banks. The second chapter examined how excess liquidity was related with business cycle and the recent financial crisis. The final empirical chapter looked at how financial liberalisation was related to lending. One key contribution of this study is that it applied an index of financial liberalisation to identify the process and its effect more comprehensively. Another important contribution of this research is to see if there were any definite patterns for different bank typologies. To address this, four bank-specific characteristics of ownership, size, mode of operation and age were used. Financial liberalisation was found to have significant positive relationship with excess liquidity as well as for lending for all types of banks. It was also observed that business cycle had a significant positive impact on excess liquidity. However less significant relationship between the financial crisis and excess liquidity showed the resilience of the banking sector in Bangladesh during the crisis. When bank-specific characteristics were analysed, the results showed that public banks had higher growth of excess liquidity and lower lending than private banks and new banks had lower growth of excess liquidity and higher lending than old banks. No definite differences could be observed between Islamic and conventional banks. It was also observed that public banks acted less procyclically than the private banks while large and new banks acted more procyclically than their counterparts. For the recent financial crisis, it is concluded that large and new banks had more excess liquidity than their counterparts while other typologies were found to be indifferent. Analysis of significant positive impact of financial liberalisation on both lending and excess liquidity suggested that prudent lending by banks to avoid loan default in the face of increased risk was a key for this parallel movement. Differences in interest rate according to bank-specific characteristics are found to be influential for the significant variations according to bank typologies.
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Markovska, Anna. "Economic crime and its impact on the development of financial markets : the case study of Ukraine." Thesis, City, University of London, 2004. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/17604/.
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Fristedt, Sebastian Carl. "Exchange-rate regimes and economic recovery : A cross-sectional study of the growth performance following the 2008 financial crisis." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Nationalekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32766.
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This paper applies a cross-sectional regression analysis of 83 countries over the period 2009-11 in order to examine the role played by the exchange-rate regime in explaining how countries fared in terms of economic growth recovery following the recent financial crisis. After controlling for income categorization, regime classification, using alternative regime definitions, and accounting for various other determinants, the paper finds a significant relationship between the regime choice and the recovery performance, where those countries with more flexible arrangements fared better. These results were conditional on the regime classification scheme and the income level, implying an asymmetric effect of the regime during the recovery period between high and low income countries. The paper also finds that proxies for initial conditions as well as trade and financial channels were highly significant determinants of the growth performance during the recovery period.
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Parkin, Vincent Nicholas. "Structural bottle necks, the wage price spiral and financial influences : a study of price formation and inflation in Brazil." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238544.
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Auib, Said Victoria. "Re-visiting the Puzzle : The causal relationship between economic growth and financial development.Case Study of South Africa." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-56832.
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Artman, Arvid. "Overcoming a financial crisis : A study of which factors predicts the impact of a rapid economic change." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statistiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413825.
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This paper investigates which factors best predict the economic state of a Swedish municipality after the 2008 crisis by constructing a linear model that regresses the change in the unemployment rate on a set of variables. The variables used for the model were from a dataset put together using data from a government service and were selected for the model using Bayesian information criterion. From this procedure, a model with six independent variables was estimated. The model’s statistics were examined, and the model was subsequentially tried against the five multiple linear regression assumptions. It was concluded that the model did not fulfil the assumption of homoscedasticity, and because of this, the dependent variable was transformed into a logarithm, thus yielding a log-lin model. This model ended up fulfilling every assumption and had higher explanatory power than the previous model. It is concluded that the variables that denote the number of newly registered businesses per 1000 residents, the share of residents with a high education, the fraction of net-commuters, the number of refugees received with a residence permit per 1000 residents, total net investments per person, the share of long term unemployed residents and the population size all prove significant when included together in a log-lin model of the change in the unemployment rate.
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Swanepoel, Sybel. "The relationship between organisational culture and financial performance: an exploratory study in a selected financial institution in South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003881.
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This research investigates the relationship between organisational culture and financial performance in a selected financial services institution in South Africa. The banking sector as part of the financial services industry contributes to economic growth in the economy. The banking sector in South Africa is highly concentrated, but also highly competitive. It is important for banks to retain their competitiveness and increased global competition places further pressure on banks to perform financially in order to satisfy the demands of shareholders. The literature reviewed and previous studies both suggest that organisational culture is an important variable that influences organisational performance. For purposes of this research, organisational performance will be measured in terms of financial performance. The concepts of organisational culture and financial performance are discussed and a questionnaire based on Hall’s (1988) theory of organisational competence is used to determine the strength of the levels of the dimensions of competence as indicators of organisational culture within the selected financial institution. The financial performance of the branches within the organisation is determined by calculating certain selected financial performance ratios, namely cost-to-income ratio, cumulative leverage and contribution per employee. A correlation analysis is conducted in order to establish whether there is a statistically significant relationship between organisational culture and financial performance. A conclusion is drawn that there is a statistically significant relationship between the organisational culture and the financial performance of the branches of the selected institution and recommendations are made as to how financial performance can be improved by strengthening the dimensions of competence as indicators of organisational culture. These recommendations include specific actions that can be taken by leaders to improve commitment, collaboration and creativity.
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Tjitemisa, Naftaline Meth. "The impact of the global financial crisis on the diamond supply chain : Namibia as a case study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/8580.
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Thesis (MBA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.Revenue derived from the sales of diamonds contributes significantly towards economic growth, with a GDP share of about 10 per cent. A significant decline in diamond revenue will therefore affect economic growth and contributes negatively to the socio-economic upliftment of the Namibian nation. A case in point was the effects of the global financial crisis on the diamond industry. This study aims to analyse the impact of the global financial crisis on the diamond industry supply chain in the Namibian context. The supply chain analysis involves the studying of the whole chain from the mining of the ore into the chain to the delivering of the rough diamond to the cutting and polishing factories. The main sectors involved in the supply chain are the supply sector which is involved in the extracting of the ore from open-cast, underground, alluvial and sea-bed mines, processing the ore into rough diamonds ready for sorting. The processing sector is involved with maximising the value by undertaking valuations and sorting, which determine the price that is paid for the stones and the presentation sorting which is the process whereby diamonds are prepared for sale in line with clients’ polished requirements. The demand sector is involved in the sales and marketing of the rough diamonds. The following areas have been focused on to analyse the sectors: 1. The market competitiveness, using Porter’s 5-force analysis. 2. A SWOT analysis to determine internal and external environments of the respective sectors. 3. Trend reviews of the activity in each sector for the years 2000–2009. 4. The causes and the responses to the impact of the global financial crisis on each of the sectors. The aim of the analysis is to create a deeper insight into the forces and the impact these forces are having on the rough diamond supply chain. The research revealed that the 2007–2009 global financial crisis had a negative impact on the levels of diamond production in Namibia and also on the economic growth and the living standards of a number of retrenched workers. The study further reveals that despite the negative effects of the global financial crisis, there are positive signs of economic recovery and employment creation.
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Liu, Chenshuang, and Miao Yu. "Banking Sector Reform and Economic Growth : Case study of the South Korean banking sector reform." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1045.
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South Korea experienced a financial crisis in 1997 after more than 30 years of fast eco-nomic growth. During the crisis its gross domestic product (GDP) decreased sharply and many enterprises went bankrupt. The stated-owned banks in South Korea suffered huge losses and investors lost confidence in investing in the South Korean financial market. One result of the crisis reveals the weakness of the South Korean economy- government intervention in the banking sector.
This paper provides the reason for the financial crisis in 1997 in the introduction sec-tion. The following section is a theoretical framework, in which we have presented two macroeconomic models: the Solow model-growth accounting formula and the Ricardo-Viner model. With empirical findings, we show how the South Korean government re-sponded after the crisis with three approaches to banking reform. We include the two macroeconomic models in the analysis of how the three approaches affected the eco-nomic growth in South Korea during the reform process in the analysis section. Finally, we conclude that the South Korean banking sector reform has provided a success and briefly discuss how China should implement the South Korean useful experiences into its ongoing process of banking sector reform.
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Banda, Lufeyo. "Financial development and economic growth: A comparitive study of Multivariate analysis of Kenya, South Africa and Zambia's Economies." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5762.
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Benamraoui, Abdelhafid. "The effects of globalisation of financial services on banking industry and stock market : an Algerian case study." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2003. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/5799/.
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Since the mid-1980s, Algeria has embarked on a programme of comprehensive financial liberalisation to establish a market-oriented financial system, and to develop the role of the Algiers Stock Exchange in the mobilisation of financial resources. The transition from a centrally planned to a market-oriented economy meant fewer regulatory barriers towards local and foreign banks. This study demonstrates that financial liberalisation is the main force that drives the globalisation of financial services, followed by financial innovations and the Internet. Globalisation has affected the performance of the two prevalent banking models in Algeria: interest based (conventional) and non- interest-based (Islamic). The benchmarks used to assess banking performance are: competition, profitability and efficiency. Quantitative and qualitative analyses show a direct link between banking efficiency and the globalisation of financial services. The study concludes that globalisation has more advantages than disadvantages to the Algerian banking sector and the Algiers Stock Exchange. The elimination of regulatory barriers has enabled state-owned banks to improve the quality of their services and to use more advanced information technologies. Private and foreign banks are also involved in the modernisation of the Algerian banking industry by launching innovative financial products and attracting local and foreign capital. However, this project emphasises that the removal of remaining regulatory obstacles would enable banks to benefit fully from the process of financial liberalisation, and to be active institutions in the financial market. Moreover, opening the Algiers Stock Exchange to large domestic and foreign companies would attract capital investments and boost equity trading in Algeria.
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Gilligan, Adrienne M. "Health Shocks in Patients with Cancer: A Longitudinal Analysis of Financial and Retirement Trends Using the Health and Retirement Study." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293483.
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Objectives: Evaluate the association of cancer on net worth, consumer debt, mortgage debt, home equity and changes in retirement trends. Methods: Data from the Health and Retirement Study from 1998-2010 was used. Persons had to have a diagnosis of cancer. The index date was the corresponding HRS wave of the year of the first diagnosis of cancer. The pre-index date was 2 years and a 2-year and 4-year post index was observed. Primary outcomes of interest were zero/negative net worth and net worth. Multiple logistic regression was used to test for the association between demographic, economic, human capital, and cancer-related variables on outcomes. Generalized linear models were conducted to assess the association of cancer on net worth, consumer debt, mortgage debt, and home equity. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to assess the association of cancer on retirement. Results: A total of 6,055,110 individuals (weighted) qualified. The majority of patients in this sample were male (53.8%), non-Hispanic (95.5%), and white (90.3%). Marital status (p<0.05), alcohol consumption (p=0.046), hypertension (p = 0.034), private insurance (p=0.001), cancer status (p<0.001), and cancer treatment (p=0.022) were significant predictors of zero/negative net worth 4-years after cancer diagnosis. Patients receiving treatment for their cancer were 71% more likely to have consumer debt 4-years post diagnosis (p=0.006). Patients who reported their cancer improving 4-years post diagnosis were significantly less likely (p=0.008) to have consumer debt (OR=0.59; 95%CI: 0.41-0.87). Cancer treatment and cancer status were significant predictors of mortgage debt (p<0.001 and 0.024, respectively). For individuals whose cancer either improved (OR=1.46; 95%CI: 1.04-2.06) or worsened (OR=4.09; 95%CI: 1.38-12.15), both groups were significantly more likely (p=0.030 and 0.011, respectively) to have home equity 4-years post diagnosis. Cancer status was a significant predictor of individuals transitioning from working to retired (p=0.022).Conclusion: This nationally representative investigation of 6.1 million patients over 50 years of age with cancer found that approximately 65% of cancer patients reported zero/negative net worth of cancer and almost 45% of cancer patients reported consumer debt four-years post diagnosis. Cancer-related characteristics explain a significant amount of the change in net worth four-years post diagnosis of cancer.
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Mingiri, Kapingura Forget. "The relationship between financial sector development and savings mobilisation in South Africa : an empirical study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97430.
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Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African financial sector is developed by world standards, surpassing those of other emerging and developed countries. However, despite all this development in the financial sector, the country has low levels of savings. This contradicts some of the available literature which explains the link between financial development and savings. Based on this background, the study empirically examines the relationship between financial development and savings mobilization in South Africa, employing the Johansen cointegration test for the period 1980 to 2012. Based on the lifecycle hypothesis, a model linking savings and its determinants was specified. The empirical results revealed that there is a long-term relationship between savings and the other variables used in the model. The different measures which were employed to measure financial development were found to be positive and significant, implying that financial sector development impacts positively on savings. An interesting observation from the empirical results is the negative relationship between the rate of interest and savings which implies that South Africans are net borrowers as the income effect surpasses the substitution effect. This in part explains the low levels of savings being experienced by the country since an increase in the rate of interest results in people paying more to service their debt and hence a reduction in savings.
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Madrid, Angel Calderon. "The role of private financial wealth in a portfolio model : a study of the effects of fiscal deficits of the exchange rate and GDP." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306390.
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Gaukroger, Alan. "The Director of Financial Enquiries : a study of the Treasury career of R.G. Hawtrey, 1919-1939." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445081.
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Caldas, Raimunda Aurineide Lemos. "AnÃlise de viabilidade econÃmica e Financeira de empreendimentos no setor da construÃÃo civil â estudo de caso de uma empresa de mÃdio porte no estado do cearÃ." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2004. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1900.
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nÃo hÃOs empreendimentos do setor da ConstruÃÃo Civil, na maioria das vezes, sÃo de longo prazo de maturaÃÃo, o que provoca a necessidade de promover ajustes nos mÃtodos mais tradicionais da anÃlise econÃmica e financeira de viabilidade destes empreendimentos. Na anÃlise de viabilidade de empreendimentos, o planejador deve ser capaz de oferecer informaÃÃes a partir de modelos de simulaÃÃo, que sejam capazes de dar suporte à decisÃo de empreender. Os modelos de uso mais extensivo sÃo os que trabalham com anÃlise do potencial dos empreendimentos em alcanÃar o poder de compra dos investimentos. Neste trabalho busca-se demonstrar a viabilidade de um empreendimento, utilizando um estudo de caso, atravÃs de simulaÃÃo de cenÃrios em que ilustra-se [i] a velocidade da recuperaÃÃo da capacidade de investimento do empreendedor, oferecida pelo empreendimento e [ii] o valor atual lÃquido e a taxa interna de retorno do empreendimento levando em conta a arbitragem de cenÃrios de reinvestimento do fluxo de retorno do empreendimento no horizonte do ciclo operacional. Assim, realizou-se uma pesquisa de natureza exploratÃria, a fim de se obter os elementos suficientes para alcanÃar os objetivos estabelecidos. A pesquisa compreendeu um estudo de caso de um fluxo de caixa projetado para um empreendimento em fase de elaboraÃÃo de uma empresa de mÃdio porte do setor da construÃÃo civil no estado do CearÃ. Verificou-se, atravÃs deste fluxo de caixa, as projeÃÃes dos custos e das receitas e como foram elaboradas. A partir dessas observaÃÃes elaborou-se cenÃrios de simulaÃÃo dessas projeÃÃes. Acredita-se que estas simulaÃÃes poderÃo transformar-se numa importante fonte de informaÃÃes para os empreendedores do setor da construÃÃo civil.
The enterprises of the sector of the civil architecture are usually long-dated of maturation, that provokes the necessity to promote adjustments in the most traditional methods of the economic and financial analysis of viability of these enterprises. In the analysis of viability of enterprises, the planner must be able to offer information from simulation models on that be capable to give support to the decision of undertake. The most extensive use models are the ones that work with analysis of the potential of the enterprises in reaching the power of purchase of the investments. In this work one tries to demonstrate the viability of an enterprise, using a case study, through simulation of scenes where it is illustrated [i] the speed of the recovery of the capacity of investment from the enterprises, offered by the enterprise and [ii] the current net worth and the internal rate of return of the enterprise taking into account the arbitration of the reinvestment scenes of the return flow of the enterprise in the range of perception of the operational cycle. Thus, a research of exploratory nature was become fulfilled, in order to get elements enough to reach the established objectives. The research understood a case study of a cash flow projected for an enterprise in phase of elaboration of an average capacity company of the sector of civil architecture in the state of the CearÃ. It was verified, through this cash flow, the projections of the costs and peearnings and how they had been elaborated. From these comments on one elaborated scenes of simulation of these projections. One believes that these simulations will be able to be changed into an important source of information for the enterprises of the civil architecture.
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Lopes, Paulo Alexandre Simões. "Análise de Projectos na Perspectiva da Consultoria Financeiro-Fiscal : O Caso do Hotel Ibérico." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2237.
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Mestrado em FinançasUm Business Plan é um instrumento fundamental para avaliar a viabilidade económica e financeira de um projecto de investimento. Para implementá-lo, é necessário um planeamento bastante cuidadoso em relação às variáveis que estarão subjacentes ao projecto em si e em toda a sua envolvente, tais como, a análise de mercado, o conceito, a caracterização do investimento e as fontes de financiamento inerentes. Neste trabalho, será proposta uma metodologia para a elaboração de um Business Plan e analisar-se-á os resultados relevantes derivado da respectiva aplicação a um projecto de investimento em concreto: Hotel Ibérico.
A Business Plan is a key tool for the assessment of the economic and financial viability of an investment project. To implement a Business Plan, it requires a very careful planning in relation to variables that are behind the project itself and all its surroundings, such as market analysis, the concept, the characterization of investment and funding sources involved. In this report, we propose one methodology for the creation of a Business Plan and the relevant results derived from its application will be analysed for an investment project in particular: Hotel Ibérico.
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Shah, Ravi. "The Effects of Bringing an NBA Franchise to a City on Employment: A Case Study of Memphis, Oklahoma City, Orlando, Sacramento, and Salt Lake City." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1847.
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This paper utilizes a case study approach to explain the impact of having a franchise from the National Basketball Association (NBA) move to a city where a team from the four major American sports league had not existed on employment levels. This paper utilizes the synthetic control method to examine employment in Memphis, Oklahoma City, Orlando, Sacramento, and Salt Lake City. Applying the synthetic control method, this paper finds that employment is not impacted positively as the stadium proposals suggest they will when putting forth subsidy bids. Due to the large costs imposed on taxpayers as a result of the subsidies franchises receive, further research should be conducted to look at the impact of spending on public expenditures instead of stadiums and its impact on employment levels.
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Lepa, Henri, and Linh Dieu Pham. "The Phillips Curve and the Global Financial Crisis : A study on the Nordic countries from 1999 to 2016." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40399.
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This paper examines the effects of the Global Financial Crisis on the relationship between unemployment and inflation rate through the Phillips Curve in five Nordic countries: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, from 1999 to 2016. The Nordic countries are quite unique in the world, as they are all economically and culturally connected to each other, which allows us to analyse how the crisis affected them differently. The foundation of our research is the Phillips Curve, which shows an inverse relationship between unemployment and inflation. By using the two-way fixed effects model, we have investigated whether the Phillips Curve and the relationship still holds during the time of the crisis for the Nordic countries. The results have shown that the relationship has changed during the crisis period, which might be due to the unemployment shock and the low targeted inflation rate.
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Teppett, Jonathan Lee. "An investigation into financial sector integration in the European Economic Area (EEA) : measuring and evaluating potential costs and benefits for selected European countries." Thesis, Bangor University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359666.
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Kalra, Sajla. "Economic viability and equity issues in financial institutional reforms: A study of regional rural banks in Punjab." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/4105.
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Oliveira, Pedro Manuel Pimenta da Silva. "Technical and economic viability of the implementation of approach systems (radio aids) in regional airfields (Viseu airfield case study)." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/10626.
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Despite all the efforts made by various institutions towards aeronautical safety, accidents and
incidents are likely to happen at any time and under any circumstance. Around half of these
accidents, at a commercial level, tend to occur during the approach and landing phases.
Approach systems were developed with the main objective to improve the safety index in these
flight phases, reducing the inherent risks of its complexity. This equipment can be categorised
as precision providing course guidance and glidepath and non-precision providing course
guidance only.
When we talk about air transportation, it’s hard not to associate the theme to the big airports
in the world. Despite of them representing a crucial part of all the aeronautical industry,
regional airports and airfields can’t be ignored, because they also reach unmatchable levels of
importance for the people and the regions they represent.
The case study utilised was Viseu airfield, and to confirm its importance for the region, the
biggest local companies were inquired. After 19 answers, it was possible to confirm the
relevance the airfield has or could have, being the preferential choice compared to the
international airports of Oporto and Lisbon.
The main objective of this work was to demonstrate to what extent the implementation of one
of those approach systems in the airfield is viable, and which one would be the better option
for this case, from a technical and economic view. The systems analysed for this study were ILS
and GBAS, both precision equipment.
After a technical and economic analysis, revealing the technical characteristics of the airfield,
as well as its revenue from the charged fees, allied with an 80% funded project with a six-year
investment recovery forecast, it was concluded that GBAS would be the most suitable option.
GLS approach charts were then elaborated, based on already existing GNSS charts in the
airfield.Apesar de todos os esforços desenvolvidos pelas várias instituições dedicadas à segurança aeronáutica, acidentes e incidentes continuam a ocorrer, independentemente de qualquer circunstância e momento. Cerca de metade desses acidentes, a nível comercial, verificam-se essencialmente durante as fases de aproximação e aterragem. Os sistemas de aproximação foram projetados com o objetivo principal de aumentar os índices de segurança nessas fases do voo, reduzindo os riscos inerentes à sua complexidade. Esses equipamentos podem ser divididos em sistemas de precisão (orientação lateral e vertical fornecida) e de não precisão (somente orientação lateral fornecida). Quando falamos de transporte aéreo, é difícil não associarmos o tema aos grandes aeroportos distribuídos pelo mundo. Apesar de eles representarem uma parte crucial de toda a indústria aeronáutica, não podemos deixar de relevar os aeroportos e aeródromos regionais, pois estes também alcançam níveis inigualáveis de importância para as pessoas e regiões que representam. O caso de estudo utilizado foi o aeródromo de Viseu, e para confirmar a sua importância para a região, foram inquiridas as maiores empresas locais. Após 19 respostas, foi possível confirmar a relevância que tem ou poderia ter o aeródromo, tendo sido este a escolha preferencial em comparação com os aeroportos internacionais do Porto e Lisboa. O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi demonstrar até que ponto a implementação de um desses sistemas de aproximação no aeródromo é viável, e qual seria a melhor opção para este caso quer do ponto de vista técnico quer económico. Os sistemas analisados para este estudo foram o ILS e GBAS, ambos equipamentos de precisão. Depois de uma análise técnica e económica, relevando as características técnicas do aeródromo, bem como as suas receitas provenientes das taxas cobradas, conciliadas com um projeto financiado em cerca de 80% e com uma previsão de recuperação do investimento em seis anos, concluiu-se que o GBAS seria a opção mais indicada. Posto isto, foram elaboradas cartas de aproximação GLS com base em cartas GNSS já existentes no aeródromo.
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Phatudi, Segomotso. "An analysis of financial viability on municipalities in the North West province : the case study of Mafikeng local municipality / Segomotso Phatudi." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15920.
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Local Government in South Africa has undergone much transformation since the
year 2000. Although much of the change has been to correct imbalances, inequities
and disparities within our local communities as a result of apartheid, change has also
been motivated by the National Government's realisation that, as with governments
throughout the world, there is a need to modernise all spheres of Government. Part
of this transformation process at the local government level in South Africa has been
to ensure that municipalities become more responsive to the communities' needs.
The guiding principles for this transformation are contained in the White Paper on the
Transformation of the Public Service (1995) and the Batho Pele White Paper (1997).
This has informed the Municipal Systems Act: Act 32 of 2000 of which Chapter 6
determines that municipalities will have a Performance Management System to
promote a culture of Performance Management amongst the political structures,
political office bearers, councillors and administration. The Performance
Management System must ensure that the municipality administers its affairs in an
economical, effective, efficient and accountable manner.
A literature review contained in this research, indicates that nationally, ensuring
effective and efficient Financial Management Systems at the local government level
is impacted upon by a number of factors such as the organizational culture of an
institution and its revenue base.
This research ends with recommendations for further research and it is argued that
each organization has its own unique organizational problems impacting on its
financial status. The conclusion is that no single typology, as contained in the
literature, can account for the specific impact financial viability has on service
delivery and organizational existence at the local government level in South Africa.
Consequently, implementers of the financial strategy and other financial
management policies must assess the unique characteristics of each organization
prior to implementation thereof, in order to evaluate its impact on the organizational
culture and other variables.Thesis (MBA) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2010
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Biermann, Leon Ulrich. "BANANIKA® : a sustainable, carbonized, alcoholic banana brew : a market segmentation and viability study for the social startup Bananika." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/31149.
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This study accesses how to successfully set up a sustainable business for a fermented drink made from banana waste, namely Bananika, in the Portuguese alcoholic beverage market. It attempts to identify the target group of this innovative beverage as base for the development of an effective marketing campaign. Furthermore, this paper is examining if Bananika is an economically viable startup.
Given those objectives three critical dimensions have been identified and analyzed. For the first dimension a market segmentation has been executed. The segmentation was based on a survey that was conducted in order to analyze and distinguish the Portuguese consumers according to their consumer habits of alcoholic beverages, price sensitivity, purchase intention, demographic and sociodemographic characteristics. With the help of a cluster analysis the consumers were then divided in to 4 different groups. This market segmentation is then followed by a Marketing Mix based on the previously identified target group.
The second dimension tried to analyze the strategic standpoint of Bananika in the highly competed Portuguese beverage industry. Therefore, an industry analysis has been performed that resulted in a positioning map.
The analytical part of this paper then ends in the third dimension, the financial plan of the startup. This was built in order to analyze the economic viability of Bananika.