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Journal articles on the topic 'Styloid'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Tryfonidis, M., C. P. Charalambous, S. P. Mills, et al. "DISTAL RADIAL AND ULNAR LANDMARKS USED IN PERCUTANEOUS PIN FIXATION: ANATOMICAL RELATIONSHIP TO THE SUPERFICIAL RADIAL AND ULNAR NERVES." Hand Surgery 15, no. 03 (2010): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218810410004783.

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Background: The radial and ulnar styloids as well as Lister's tubercle are important surgical landmarks in the surgical treatment of distal forearm fractures. There have been limited studies assessing their relative safety in terms of their distance from superficial nerves which are in danger during surgical procedures. The aim of this cadaveric study was to assess and compare the distance of superficial nerves to these important surgical landmarks. Methods: Twenty embalmed cadaveric upper limbs were dissected exposing the nerves and tendons around the wrist. The radial styloid, Lister's tuber

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Roopashri, G., MR Vaishali, Maria Priscilla David, Muqeet Baig, and Uma Shankar. "Evaluation of Elongated Styloid Process on Digital Panoramic Radiographs." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 13, no. 5 (2012): 618–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1197.

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ABSTRACT Background and objective The elongated styloid process may produce characteristic head and neck pain syndromes, commonly known as Eagle's syndrome. An awareness of this syndrome is important to all health practitioners involved in the diagnosis and treatment of neck and head pain. It has been estimated that 2 to 28% of the general adult population has radiographic appearance of elongated styloid process. The objective of the study was to assess the elongation of styloid process on digital panoramic radiographs and to evaluate the prevalence of elongation according to age, sex and type

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Guarna, Massimo, Paola Lorenzoni, Nila Volpi, and Margherita Aglianò. "Elongated styloid process: literature review and morphometric data on a collection of dried skulls." Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology 125, no. 1 (2022): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/ijae-11871.

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The styloid process is a subtle process of variable length that originates from the petrous part of temporal bone . From the process originate three muscles: the stylopharyngeus,the styloglossus, the stylohyoideus and two ligaments :stylohyoid and stylomandibular . The styled process of the temporal bone has a variable length as demonstrated for studies conducted in three-dimensional computed tomography or dental panoramic three-dimensional scanning,and in dried skulls The normal length of the styloid process is particularly important to establish for the relations of closeness with vascular a

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Chandaka, Swathi Poornima, Ujwala Lakshmi Vangapandu, and Nagamani Kolachana. "Morphometric analysis of styloid process in human cadavers with clinical implications." Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology 11, no. 4 (2025): 227–31. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.048.

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Styloid process is a bilateral bony projection of temporal bone related to important neurovascular structures in the head and neck region. Elongated styloid process with length more than 30mm is frequent encounter in multiple imaging techniques in various studies which have been cause of many neurological and vascular signs and symptoms in living. Present study aims at analyzing the morphometric parameters of styloid process in cadavers with clinical correlation. The aim of this study isto measure morphometric parameters of styloid process in human cadavers, to estimate the prevalence rate of

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Maki, Daisuke, Kenji Okami, Koji Ebisumoto, and Akihiro Sakai. "Chronological Progression of an Enlarged Styloid Process: A Case Report of Eagle Syndrome." Case Reports in Otolaryngology 2018 (2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9207264.

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Eagle syndrome is characterized by an elongated styloid process. However, the time frame over which the styloid process becomes elongated and extends is unknown. How the condition worsens over time is also unclear. To date, there has been no report describing the chronologic change that occurs in the styloid process in Eagle syndrome. We describe a 53-year-old patient with Eagle syndrome in whom the styloid process enlarged progressively over time and the elongated styloid process fused with the hyoid bone. The styloid process was resected via a transcervical approach, and the patient’s subjec

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Altay, Berkan, Elif Çoban, Şeyma Kale, and Özlem Arık. "Evaluation of styloid process elongation: a cross-sectional study." Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 7, no. 2 (2024): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1409589.

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Aims: The styloid process is a cylindrical projection of the temporal bone. When the length of the styloid process exceeds 30 mm, it is considered elongated. The aim of this study was to investigate the length, thickness and morphological pattern of the styloid process of patients using panoramic radiography and to evaluate the relationship with age and gender.  Methods: The study is designed retrospective cross-sectional and consisted of 3012 panoramic radiographs from patients routinely referred within the last six months, in which the borders of the styloid process region were clearly

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Baena-Caldas, G., S. Rojas-Zuluaga, and X. Peckham. "Anatomical and clinical relevance of elongated styloid process in a sample of the Colombian population." Journal of Morphological Sciences 34, no. 01 (2017): 036–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/jms.103916.

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Abstract Introduction: The styloid process is a cone-shaped process of the temporal bone with a normal length of 20 to 30 mm. It is considered “elongated” when its length is greater than 30mm. A temporal styloid process with a length of 25mm or more may cause Eagle's syndrome, a condition characterized by multiple clinical symptoms that can be explained by the anatomical relationships of the styloid process. The length of the styloid process depends on demographic variables such as race and geographical distribution; therefore normal patterns may vary among different populations. Due to its no

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Chen, J. X., R. W. Kula, P. A. Bolognese, and T. H. Milhorat. ""Styloid" syncope." Neurology 71, no. 20 (2008): 1649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000334762.90440.67.

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9

Shah, Omair, Faiz Shera, Naseer Choh, et al. "Styloid Process: What Length Is Abnormal?" Galician Medical Journal 28, no. 1 (2021): E202114. http://dx.doi.org/10.21802/gmj.2021.1.4.

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The length of the styloid process varies greatly in different populations and depends on ethnicity and geographical background. The elongated styloid process may be associated with Eagle’s syndrome. Therefore, the mean normal length of the styloid process in different population groups needs to be calculated and the upper cutoff limit for elongated styloid process should be found. The objective of the research was to evaluate the styloid process length in the Kashmiri population using multidetector computed tomography. Materials and Methods. We retrospectively evaluated 304 patient

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Amorim, José M., Daniela Pereira, Marta G. Rodrigues, et al. "Anatomical characteristics of the styloid process in internal carotid artery dissection: Case–control study." International Journal of Stroke 13, no. 4 (2017): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747493017730779.

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Introduction Pathophysiology of cervical artery dissection is complex and poorly understood. In addition to well-known causative and predisposing factors, including major trauma and monogenic connective tissue disorders, morphological characteristics of the styloid process have been recently recognized as a possible risk factor for cervical internal carotid artery dissection. Aims To study the association of the anatomical characteristics of styloid process with internal carotid artery dissection. Methods Retrospective, multicenter, case–control study of patients with internal carotid artery d

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Sumathi, S., and T. Sivakami. "Elongated styloid process - a cause for cervical pain." National Journal of Clinical Anatomy 03, no. 03 (2014): 159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3401759.

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AbstractThe normal length of the styloid process is 20-25 mms. A diagnosis of Eagle's syndrome is made when the styloid process measures more than 30 mms.The symptomatology associated with an elongated styloid process is called Eagle's syndrome. Abnormal elongation of styloid process causes compression of important neurovascular structures situated in close relation to it resulting in chronic neck pain, referred pain to the ear, jaw and orbit, and globus hystericus. We report here two cases of elongated styloid processes found during our routine osteology demonstrations. The etiopathogenesis a

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Nayak, D. R., K. Pujary, M. Aggarwal, S. E. Punnoose, and V. A. Chaly. "Role of three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction in the management of elongated styloid process: a preliminary study." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 121, no. 4 (2007): 349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215106003276.

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Elongated styloid process is a relatively common cause of facial and neck pain, but it is often misdiagnosed due to its varied clinical presentation. Since an elongated styloid process is often confirmed by radiological means, it would be helpful to find a more accurate mode of depicting the styloid process.In this prospective study, 39 cases were evaluated. A three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) reconstruction of the styloid process was performed in 18 cases. In these patients, we compared the length and medial angulation of the symptomatic styloid process as viewed on an orthopantom

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Swapna, Lingam Amara, Nada Tarek AlMegbil, Alhanouf Othman Almutlaq, and Pradeep Koppolu. "Occurrence of the Elongated Styloid Process on Digital Panoramic Radiographs in the Riyadh Population." Radiology Research and Practice 2021 (November 11, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6097795.

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Background. Patients with an elongated styloid process might present with dysphagia and pain in the cervicofacial region. These patients could be misdiagnosed as other orofacial pathologies. Aim. The present study attempted to assess the prevalence of the elongated styloid process on digital panoramic radiographs in the Riyadh population. Materials and Methods. The present prospective randomized study was conducted on the panoramic digital radiographs of 300 randomly selected patients visiting a private dental hospital to identify any elongation of the styloid process. Only the radiographs wit

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Krämer, S., H. Meyer, P. F. O’Loughlin, B. Vaske, C. Krettek, and R. Gaulke. "The incidence of ulnocarpal complaints after distal radial fracture in relation to the fracture of the ulnar styloid." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 38, no. 7 (2012): 710–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193412469582.

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Two hundred distal radial fractures, with a mean follow up of 20 months (range 6–49), were divided into three groups according to the presence and healing status of an ulnar styloid fracture. The patients underwent both clinical and radiological examination and completed two different questionnaires. One hundred and one, of 200 distal radial fractures, were associated with an ulnar styloid fracture. Forty-six of these developed an ulnar styloid nonunion. The authors encountered significantly higher pain scores (ulnar sided pain p = 0.012), a higher rate of DRUJ instability ( p = 0.032), a grea

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Khalil, Maha, Arshad Ullah Afridi, Muhammad Saeed Gohar, HASSAN ., SAANA ., and HARIS . "Eagle’s Syndrome: An Unusual cause of throat pain-Case Study." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 10 (2022): 655–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221610655.

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Eagle's syndrome or styalgia is characterised by the anatomical bone deformity of the styloid process, as identified by Wat W. Eagle in 19491. An aggregate of symptoms caused by the elongation and severe calcification of the temporal bone's styloid process, as well as calcification of the ligaments attached to this process, including the styloid and stylomandibular ligaments, have been identified2. The styloid process is typically 20 to 30 mm in length, and patients with elongated styloid processes of 40 mm or longer have clinical distress 1,3 . This styloid process elongation could be unilate

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Carvalho, Pedro Luiz de, Antônio Martins do Amaral Neto, Larissa Victória Barbosa Freitas, Kunihiro Saito, Wagner Almeida de Andrade, and João Marcelo Ferreira de Medeiros. "PROCESSO ESTILOIDE ALONGADO NAS RADIOGRAFIAS PANORÂMICAS EM UMA SUBPOPULAÇÃO." Revista Uningá 58, no. 1 (2021): eUJ3940. http://dx.doi.org/10.46311/2318-0579.58.euj3940.

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Styloid process elongation associated with symptoms such as cervicofacial pain, tinnitus and otalgia is called Eagle Syndrome. The objective of this study is to assess the presence of elongated styloid process through panoramic radiographs, in a subpopulation of the State of Para, Brazil, as to age and sex. Panoramic radiographs were selected and the apparent size of the styloid process was measured from the point where the styloid leaves the tympanic plate to the lower tip of the process. Data were analyzed by means of chi-square tests and the “t” test with a significance level of 5%. Forty-t

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Xu, Zhenq, Ping Shi, and Ping Zhang. "Eagle syndrome: A rare neuropathic disorder affecting head and neck." Medicine 103, no. 19 (2024): e38128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038128.

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To investigate the clinical characteristics of Eagle syndrome (ES) and evaluate psychological distress of the patients. Ten cases of ES were enrolled, clinical characteristics and management were analyzed. Psychological disorders of the patients were assessed by the test of self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS). There were 8 females and 2 males varying from 34 to 56 years with a mean age of 44.86 ± 8.38 years. The main complaints included foreign body sensation of pharynx, odynophagia, vertigo with turning of the head-neck, pain of anterolateral neck, and tooth

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Nasution, Fitri Angraini, Azhari Azhari, and Fahmi Oscandar. "Tampilan elongasi prosesus styloid pada pasien dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula." Jurnal Radiologi Dentomaksilofasial Indonesia 4, no. 1 (2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32793/jrdi.v4i1.474.

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Objectives: The purpose of this case report was to report the finding of styloid process morphology in patients with TMD.  Case Report: A 22-years-old female patient came to the radiology installation of Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Unpad Bandung for a Cone Beam Computed Tomography – 3 Dimension (CBCT-3D) examination with a clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). CBCT-3D examination results showed a change in the shape and position of the right and left condyle head. The length of the styloid process from the sagittal view on the right side was 34,0 mm and the left s

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Kapur, Eldan, Alma Voljevica, Maida Šahinović, Adis Šahinović, and Armin Arapović. "Styloid Process Length Variations: An Osteological Study." Acta Medica Academica 51, no. 1 (2022): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.369.

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<p><strong>Objective</strong>. The objective of this study was to study the morphometry of the styloid process of the temporal bone and the prevalence of an elongated styloid process in relation to side and gender.</p><p><strong>Material and Method</strong>. The present study included 200 human skulls which were procured from the rich osteological collections of the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo. The styloid process was observed macroscopically on both sides of all the skulls and elongations, if any, were noted. The

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ten Berg, P. W. L., J. G. G. Dobbe, M. E. Brinkhorst, S. D. Strackee, and G. J. Streekstra. "Comparing radial styloid size between osteoarthritic and healthy wrists: a pathoanatomical three-dimensional study." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 42, no. 1 (2016): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193416669261.

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Radial styloid pointing due to spur formation is considered an early sign of osteoarthritis, but is sometimes difficult to distinguish from normal anatomic variation. In this pathoanatomical study we used three-dimensional imaging techniques to evaluate quantitatively whether the styloid size is larger in wrists with scaphoid non-union than in healthy wrists. We compared these findings with duration of the non-union and with the scaphoid non-union advanced collapse classification, which was based on radiographic assessment of the general level of wrist osteoarthritis. In 31 patients, the injur

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Sharma, Prakash, Subita Lalchan, Subhash KC, Merina Gyawali, Asheem Paudel, and Krishna Koirala. "Morphological evaluation of styloid processes and their correlation with gender and age using Multidetector Computed tomography." Journal of Brain and Spine Foundation Nepal 2, no. 2 (2021): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jbsfn.v2i2.45114.

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Introduction: The styloid process (SP) extends inferiorly from the temporal bone. Many neurovascular structures are closely related to its tip. Alteration in the length, angle and morphology of styloid process may lead to symptoms related to neurovascular compression. Hence it is necessary to know the normal variations before delineating the exact cause of symptoms related to head and neck region. This study was conducted to assess the variations in length, angle and morphology of styloid process and to correlate it with gender and age group. Methods: The Patients of trauma undergoing Paranasa

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Khan, Gulam Anwer, Sushma Khatiwada, Shuvechha Shakya, Deepak Adhikari, and Ajeevan Gautam. "3D-MDCT STUDY OF STYLOID PROCESS OF TEMPORAL BONE AMONG PATIENTS ATTENDING CHITWAN MEDICAL COLLEGE TEACHING HOSPITAL." Journal of Chitwan Medical College 11, no. 4 (2022): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.577.

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Background: The styloid process of the temporal bone is clinically significant because differences in length and angulations are linked to the symptoms of stylalgia (Eagle’s syndrome), and surgical removal of the process can help patients with neck and cervico-facial pain. This study aimed to evaluate the length, angulation and distance between bases and tips of the styloid process. Methods: A Hospital based cross-sectional study using observation method was carried out in Department of radiology Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal from 17th September 2021 to 16th November 2021. A

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Shaik, Mohammed Asif, Sultan Mohammed Kaleem, Abdul Wahab, and Shahul Hameed. "Prevalence of elongated styloid process in Saudi population of Aseer region." European Journal of Dentistry 07, no. 04 (2013): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.120687.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The study was performed to investigate the prevalence, morphology and calcification pattern of elongated styloid process in Saudi population of Aseer (Southern) region and its relation to gender and sub-age groups. Materials and Methods: This study was analyzed digital panoramic radiographs of 1,162 adults. Any radiograph with questionable styloid process was excluded from the study. The apparent length of the styloid process was measured by a single experienced dental and maxillofacial Radiologist. The elongated styloid process was classified with the radiographic appearan

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Verma, U., S. Garg, P. Rani, S. Yadav, R. Singroha, and SK Rathee. "Styloid Process: Morphometric Parameters with Correlation to Side and Gender." Biomedicine 45, no. 1 (2024): 64–67. https://doi.org/10.51248/v45i1.153.

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The term styloid process is acquired from the Greek word Stylos, which means a pillar. The styloid process is a narrow and pointed bony extension connected to the lower surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone. It lies in front of the stylomastoid foramen and its tip projects anteriorly and inferiorly between internal and external carotid arteries. The positioning of the styloid process holds significant importance due to its relation to critical neurovascular elements. To correlate the morphometric parameters of styloid process of temporal bone with side and gender. The study was c

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Nakamura, Ryogo, Emiko Horii, Toshihiko Imaeda, Etsuhiro Nakao, and Hitoshi Kato. "Ulnar Styloid Fracture with Distal Radioulnar Joint Subluxation/Dislocation." Hand Surgery 02, no. 02 (1997): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218810497000240.

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In 55 patients with ulnar styloid fractures, the site and displacement of the fracture was examined in relation to distal radioulnar joint subluxation/dislocation by computed tomography (CT). Distal radioulnar joint subluxation/dislocation confirmed with CT in 18 of 55 patients, irrespective of the site of the ulnar styloid fracture. In 21 patients with nondisplaced styloid fractures, only 3 fractures were associated with distal radioulnar joint subluxation/dislocation. In 34 patients where the styloid fracture was displaced for 3 mm or more, 15 fractures were associated with a distal radiouln

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Maniglio, Mauro, Charles C. Lin, Remy Flueckiger, Matthias A. Zumstein, Michelle H. McGarry, and Thay Q. Lee. "Ulnar footprints of the distal radioulnar ligaments: a detailed topographical study in 21 cadaveric wrists." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 45, no. 9 (2020): 931–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193420944705.

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Understanding of the exact topography of the distal radioulnar ligaments insertions remains limited. An anatomical study was performed in 21 fresh frozen cadaveric wrists, where the superficial and deep ligaments were sequentially transected sharply at their ulnar insertions. The relationships between the distal radioulnar ligament footprints relative to the bony landmarks of the ulnar styloid were digitized. Our study demonstrated that in the coronal plane, the superficial distal radioulnar ligaments inserted at an average of 87% of the styloid height proximally to the styloid tip distally. T

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Kim, Jae Kwang, Jong-Oh Kim, and Yong-Do Koh. "Management of Distal Ulnar Fracture Combined with Distal Radius Fracture." Journal of Hand Surgery (Asian-Pacific Volume) 21, no. 02 (2016): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424835516400075.

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The distal ulna is composed of the ulnar styloid, ulnar head, and distal ulnar metaphyseal area. Most of distal ulnar metaphyseal fractures are associated with distal radius fractures and this incidence tends to be greater in osteoporotic elderly. Consideration of the treatment of distal ulna metaphyseal fracture should be addressed after treating a distal radius fracture. If it is stable, cast immobilization is preferred, however, if it shows malalignment or instability, an operative method should be considered. More than half of distal radius fractures are combined with an ulnar styloid frac

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Kiran, Kumar S., and S. Malipatil G. "A Study of Styloid Process: Distance between Base of Styloid Process and Carotid Canal and Two Styloid Process." International Journal of Toxicological and Pharmacological Research 13, no. 7 (2023): 91–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11111813.

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<strong>Background:</strong> The styloid process is normally a thin cylindrical sharp bony projection which arises from the lower surface of the petrous part of the temporal bone, derivative of a second branchial arch. Styloid process is usually extends downwards, due to anatomical and congenital variations in length or number and angulations may compress adjacent neurovascular structures. <strong>Aim and Objectives:</strong> To evaluate distance between base of styloid process and Carotid canal and two styloid process. <strong>Material and Method:</strong> This was an

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NAKAMURA, R., E. HORII, T. IMAEDA, E. NAKAO, K. SHIONOYA, and H. KATO. "Ulnar Styloid Malunion with Dislocation of the Distal Radioulnar Joint." Journal of Hand Surgery 23, no. 2 (1998): 173–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(98)80168-x.

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Four patients with dorsal dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint and ulnar styloid malunion had corrective osteotomy of the ulnar styloid. Dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint was reduced in three of four patients. Subluxation persisted in the remaining patient. Wrist function improved in all patients. These results support the contention that a displaced ulnar styloid fracture with distal radioulnar joint dislocation should be reduced and internally fixed. Corrective osteotomy is recommended for malunion of the ulnar styloid associated with dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint

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VOCHE, P., and M. MERLE. "Removal of Cancellous Bone Graft through the Base of the Excised Radial Styloid Process." Journal of Hand Surgery 17, no. 5 (1992): 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(05)80228-1.

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In performing STT arthrodesis, the excision of the tip of the radial styloid avoids further radial styloid impingement. Cancellous bone graft can be obtained through the base of the excised radial styloid, using a trephine or a curette. The amount of bone removed is sufficient for intercarpal arthrodesis.

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Petrovic, Branko, Djordje Radak, Vladimir Kostic, and Nadezda Covickovic-Sternic. "Styloid syndrome: A review of literature." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 136, no. 11-12 (2008): 667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0812667p.

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The American otolaryngologist Eagle was the first to describe styloid syndrome in 1937. Stylohyoid complex is composed of styloid process, stylohyoid ligament and a lesser horn of the hyoid bone. Embriologicaly, these anatomical structures originate from Reichert's cartilage of the second brachial arch. In the general population, the frequency of the elongated styloid process is estimated to be 4%, of which only 4% show clinical manifestations suggesting that the incidence of styloid syndrome is 0.16% (about 16,000 persons in Serbia). The styloid process deviation causes external or internal c

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Paraskevas, George, Alexandros Poutoglidis, Nikolaos Lazaridis, et al. "Does the orientation of the styloid process cause Eagle Syndrome? An anatomical study of the styloid process in 72 Greek skulls." Otolaryngologia Polska 76, no. 3 (2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8627.

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Introduction: Patients often suffer from an elongated styloid process. This clinical entity is well known and is described as Eagle syndrome. The presence of this anatomical variation is not always associated with symptoms. However, there is a strong correlation between the elongated styloid process and Eagle syndrome. Aim: This study aims to calculate the incidence of elongated styloid processes in the Greek population, to analyze the morphometric characteristics of styloid processes, and to compare these among sexes. Materials and methods: This is a single-center retrospective study. All sku

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Carvalho, Pedro Luiz de, Lorena Guimarães Valente, Larissa Victória Barbosa Freitas, João Marcelo Ferreira de Medeiros, André Alencar de Lemos, and Stephany Araujo da Silva Lobato. "Elongated Styloid Process in Panoramic Radiographs." Journal of Health Sciences 22, no. 3 (2021): 208–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2021v22n3p208-211.

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AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of the elongated styloid process in panoramic radiographic exams, in a subpopulation of northern Brazil in relation to age, sex and side. Panoramic radiographs were selected, and the apparent size of the styloid process was measured from the point where the styloid leaves the tympanic plate to the tip of the process. The data were analyzed using chi-square tests and variance analysis with a 5% significance level. Approximately 30% of the elongated styloid process was observed in patients between 18 to 35 years. Of the styloid processe

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Jung, Hyung Suk, Yong Beom Lee, and Jae Sung Lee. "The Anatomical Relationship Between the Dorsal Cutaneous Branch of the Ulnar Nerve and the Ulnar Styloid Process with Variations in Forearm Position." Journal of Hand Surgery (Asian-Pacific Volume) 21, no. 01 (2016): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424835516500090.

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Background: There are significant variations in the anatomy of the dorsal cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve (DCBUN). The DCBUN is at risk for iatrogenic injury during surgeries around the ulnar side of the wrist. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the relationship between the ulnar styloid process and the DCBUN and to confirm the DCBUN's change in location with different forearm positions. Methods: We examined 9 fresh frozen cadaveric limbs to establish the course of this nerve. The DCBUN was dissected and traced around the ulnar border of the wrist. The distance from the tip of th

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Bezerra, Rodrigo Cristhian Avelino, Jonas Nogueira Ferreira Maciel Gusmão, Bruno Frota Amora Silva, Rodrigo Lemos Alves, Eliardo Silveira Santos, and Roberto Dias Rêgo. "Surgical treatment of Eagle’s Syndrome through intraoral access: a case report and literature review." Brazilian Journal of Case Reports 1, no. 1 (2021): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52600/2763-583x.bjcr.2021.1.1.15-21.

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The styloid process is a bone projection that originates in the tympanic portion of the temporal bone. The enlongation of the styloid process, or the ossification of the styloid process, can originate a series of symptoms such as dysphagia, odynophagia, facial pain, otalgia, headache, tinnitus and trismus, establishing the clinical picture of Eagle Syndrome. In this report, we present an important clinical case of adult patient diagnosed with Eagle’s Syndrome who underwent surgery for reduction of the enlongated styloid process, by intraoral approach, added to a literature review study.

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TOMAINO, M. M., M. GAINER, and J. D. TOWERS. "Carpal Impaction with the Ulnar Styloid Process: Treatment with Partial Styloid Resection." Journal of Hand Surgery 26, no. 3 (2001): 252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/jhsb.2001.0591.

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Carpal impaction with the ulnar styloid process (stylocarpal impaction) occurs less frequently than with the ulnar head (ulnocarpal impaction), and more commonly develops in wrists with negative ulnar variance. Physical examination, radiographic evaluation, and wrist arthroscopy are all helpful in excluding alternative causes of ulnar wrist pain. When an ulnocarpal stress test elicits pain, and radiographs suggest that this is due to carpal impaction with the ulnar styloid, partial resection of the styloid process provides successful treatment, so long as the insertion of the triangular fibroc

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Kiran, Kumar S., and S. Malipatil G. "A Study of Styloid Process: Anatomical Variation in Length and Angulation." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 12 (2022): 1364–70. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13242226.

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<strong>Background:</strong> The styloid process is a slender , pointed about 2.5cm in length projects from the inferior aspect of the temporal bone.  Length of Styloid Process (SP) varies widely. It can be very short and hidden by vaginal process or it can be elongated to reach hyoid bone. As many studies have not been reported in the literature regarding the anatomical and anthropometric variations of styloid process like length and angulation. <strong>Aim & Objectives:</strong> To know anatomical variation in length and angulation in styloid process. <strong>Mat

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Miyata, Ryo, Atsushi Kondo, Nobuhiko Seki, et al. "Elongated Styloid Process." Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica 105, no. 9 (2012): 814–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.105.814.

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Paul, Samrity, DeeptiVashisht Prashar, Ashok Bansal, and Shivani Jain. "Styloid-stylohyoid syndrome." Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery 2, no. 1 (2012): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2231-0746.95326.

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Elakkad, Ahmed, Griselda Teresa Romero-Sanchez, Reza Forghani, and Lawrence E. Ginsberg. "Styloid Process Osteoradionecrosis." Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography 43, no. 3 (2019): 472–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/rct.0000000000000860.

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Haas, P., W. Beyer, and H. Hirschfelder. "Das Styloid-Syndrom." Zeitschrift für Orthopädie und ihre Grenzgebiete 129, no. 06 (2008): 521–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1040283.

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Bakshi, Satvinder Singh. "Elongated Styloid Process." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 75, no. 12 (2017): 2484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2017.07.165.

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Reichel, Lee M., Bryce R. Bell, Stuart M. Michnick, and Charles A. Reitman. "Radial Styloid Fractures." Journal of Hand Surgery 37, no. 8 (2012): 1726–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.06.002.

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Ierardi, Patrice, Joseph Ilacqua, and Steven Rosenberg. "Styloid process hyperplasia." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology 70, no. 5 (1990): 679–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(90)90423-p.

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Xi, Q., L. M. Liang, and R. F. Bu. "Styloid Process Osteochondroma." International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 37, no. 6 (2008): 587–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2008.01.003.

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Patel, Shital Mayank, Deval Shailesh Mehta, Taher Abbas Rupawala, Naiya Hitesh Shah, Sanjay Vinubhai Makwana, and Kruna Kantibhai Bhimani. "Is elongated styloid process a potential forewarning for failure in oral submucous fibrosis management?" International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 7, no. 1 (2020): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20205646.

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<p class="abstract">Oral submucous fibrosis is a widespread, premalignant disorder causing severe difficulty in mastication and speech. With high rate of malignant conversion, it demands aggressive surgical therapy followed by mandatory long-term physiotherapy. An elongated styloid process, if present, could pose a strong hindrance to movement of mandible, leading to complete relapse of trismus in such cases. The purpose of this report is to elaborate on such co-existence in patients having oral submucous fibrosis using digital orthopantomogram. 3 patients suspected to have an elongated

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Susan Reji, Raina, Sheeba Padiyath, Anu Vijayan, Anju Elizabeth Thomas, and Sonia Susan Philip. "A cross-sectional analysis of digital panoramic radiographs for the evaluation of elongated styloid process in central Kerala population." IP International Journal of Maxillofacial Imaging 7, no. 4 (2022): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmi.2021.029.

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This study aims to investigate the prevalence, morphology and elongation pattern of elongated styloid process in the population of Central Kerala and its relation to age and gender. ` 500 digital panoramic radiographs were collected from the archives of Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Mar Baselios Dental College taken during 2017-2020. Only those radiographs of patients within age group of 20-60 years and showed styloid processes of both sides with no pathologies in the required structures were included in the study. Radiographs with magnification and positioning errors were exclu

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Giachino, A. Alan, Alison I. McIntyre, K. James Guy, and Anna F. Conway. "ULNAR STYLOID TRIQUETRAL IMPACTION." Hand Surgery 12, no. 02 (2007): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218810407003456.

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Background: Ulnar styloid triquetral impaction (USTI), one of many causes of ulnar sided wrist pain, is a pathological entity with clear clinical and radiographic features, distinct and different from the impaction of the ulnar head against the lunate or ulno-carpal impaction (UCI). Pain is ulnar and point-tenderness is present precisely over the ulnar styloid as opposed to the proximal lunate in UCI. The provocative maneouvre of dorsiflexion in pronation followed by supination is markedly different from the ulnar deviation grind test maneouvres used to diagnose UCI. Multiple anatomical and pa

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Ajit Singh, Vivek, Tan Yong Jia, Rupini Devi Santharalinggam, and Jayaletchumi Gunasagaran. "Relationship of ulna styloid fracture to the distal radio-ulnar joint stability. A clinical, functional, and radiographic outcome study." PLOS ONE 18, no. 1 (2023): e0279210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279210.

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Background Ulna styloid fracture occurs approximately about 55% of all distal end of radius fractures. However, the clinical and functional outcome of these fractures remains indefinite. Results Only 56 patients with distal radius fractures had concomitant ulna styloid fractures. The mean age was 32 years (range: 18–69; SD: ± 12.7). The majority were men. The mean time from injury was 18.7 months (range: 6–84; SD: ± 13.3). The most common was Frykman 2, followed by 6, type 8, and type 4. All were closed fractures; 60.7% were base, and 39.3% were tip fractures. 50% were treated with casting, 48

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Tantia, Dr Yash Kumar, and Prof Dr Rajendra R. Butala. "The Impact of Ulnar Styloid Fractures on Patient Functional Outcomes and Complication Rates in Distal Radius Fractures Treated with Volar Locking Plates: A Comparative Study." EAS Journal of Orthopaedic and Physiotherapy 6, no. 04 (2024): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjop.2024.v06i04.001.

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This study evaluated the effects of ulnar styloid fractures on functional recovery and complication rates in 200 patients with distal radius fractures treated with volar locking plates. Participants were categorized into groups with (USF) and without (NUSF) ulnar styloid fractures, assessing outcomes like grip strength, range of motion, DASH scores, PRWE scores, and complication rates over 12 months. Results indicated that ulnar styloid fractures marginally reduced grip strength and increased DASH and PRWE scores and complication rates, suggesting a minor but significant impact on recovery. No

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