Journal articles: 'Suasa'

1

Dall’Aglio, Pier Luigi, Sandro De Maria, and Marco Podini. "Territory, city, and private life at Suasa." Journal of Roman Archaeology 20 (2007): 177–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047759400005365.

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Ahmab Sabri, Ahmab Zaharubbin Sani. "Hukum Pemakaian dan Zakat Suasa dan Emas." Journal of Fatwa Management and Research 2, no. 1 (October 23, 2018): 73–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/jfatwa.vol2no1.118.

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World has already stepped into progressive era with society capability in affording to possess item not only of their own needs, but for their ornament and luxury. Gold and silver are among decorative goods liked to be owned by human to portray individual status and pride. A part from that it's also acts as useful forms of investment due to its value and stable price. Nowadays, due to its' high demand, gold and silver have been revolutionized into various forms by using technological development and specialist's skill, especially by mixing it with copper, alloy and palladium, gold end up transforming into various kinds of decorative goods such as white gold and ormolu. However this new revolution arises with many new problems which need to find solution or fatwa. For instance when essential goods form such as crockery, glass etc, created from gold how should it been address in Islam. How about white gold and ormolu that are created from transforming gold, should it be zakat(ed)? If gold is strictly for women and silver for men and to who white gold and ormolu exclusively address? Hence, this study will try to untie multiple views of Islamic scholars, selected qaul, beside making juhud through reasoning aqliah on current problem-oriented scenario. Abstrak Dunia sudah melangkah ke zaman era kemajuan dengan kapasiti masyarakat sudah mampu memiliki tahap ekonomi yang stabil juga sudah boleh memiliki sesuatu barangan yang bukan sahaja bagi kegunaan keperluan bahkan untuk perhiasan dan kemewahan. Emas dan perak merupakan salah satu barangan perhiasan yang amat digemari untuk dimiliki sebagai lambang status kebanggaan seseorang individu malah ia juga sebagai satu bentuk pelaburan berguna kerana emas dan perak merupakan harta yang semakin tinggi nilai dan harganya selepas pembelian. Lantaran permintaan yang tinggi terhadap barangan ini maka, emas dan perak telah direvolusikan dalam pelbagai bentuk hasil dari perkembangan teknologi dan kemahiran pakar yang semakin meningkat. Percampuran emas dan perak, tembaga dan emas, termasuk juga aloi serta palladium dengan emas juga akhirnya membentuk pelbagai jenis barangan perhiasan lelaki dan wanita seperti yang ada di pasaran kini antaranya seperti emas putih dan suasa. Namun disebabkan berlakunya revolusi ini banyak permasalahan baru yang timbul dan perlu dicari resolusi penyelesaiannya. Bila emas ini dijadikan bentuk barangan keperluan seperti pinggan mangkuk, gelas dan sebagainya, bagaimana pula hukumnya disisi Islam. Apakah hukum pemakaian emas putih dan suasa? Bagaimana pula dengan pembayaran zakat? Apakah hukum pembayaran zakat emas putih dan apakah ada keperluan pembayaran barangan emas yang menjadi mas kahwin kerana ia bukan barangan perhiasan. Kepada siapakah hak esklusif emas putih dan suasa ini jika emas memang untuk wanita dan perak untuk lelaki? Justeru itu, kajian ini akan cuba merungkai pandangan, qawl-qawl yang terpilih di samping membuat juhud melalui pena’kulan aqliah terhadap senario permasalahan semasa kini.

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Lucas, Philippe, and Michel Renou. "Responses to pheromone compounds in Mamestra suasa (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) olfactory neurones." Journal of Insect Physiology 35, no. 11 (January 1989): 837–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910(89)90099-1.

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4

Quagliarini, Enrico, Stefano Lenci, and Marco Iorio. "Mechanical properties of adobe walls in a Roman Republican domus at Suasa." Journal of Cultural Heritage 11, no. 2 (April 2010): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2009.01.006.

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Frérot, Brigitte, Philippe Lucas, and Didier Rochat. "Responses of Mamestra suasa male moths to synthetic pheromone compounds in a wind tunnel." Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 53, no. 1 (November 1989): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1989.tb01288.x.

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Sharma, Narender, and Prathana Goswami. "Range extension of rare butterfly, the red imperial, Suasa lisides (hewitson) (insecta: Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) to western Arunachal Pradesh." Journal of Entomological Research 45, no. 2 (2021): 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-4576.2021.00048.7.

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Capedri, Silvio, Giampiero Venturelli, Sandro De Maria, Maria Pia Mantovani Uguzzoni, and Gabriele Pancotti. "Characterisation and provenance of stones used in the mosaics of the domus dei Coiedii at Roman Suasa (Ancona, Italy)." Journal of Cultural Heritage 2, no. 1 (January 2001): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1296-2074(01)01103-7.

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8

TöAth, Miklós, Gábor SzöAcs, Christer Löfstedt, Bill S. Hansson, and Mitko Subcbev. "Sex pheromone components of Mamestra suasa: chemical analysis, electrophysiological activity, wind tunnel activity and field tests in two European countries." Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 42, no. 3 (December 1986): 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1986.tb01035.x.

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9

Bani Syarif, M. Choirul Ibad, Amanda Pasca Rini, and Andik Matulessy. "Deprivasi Relatif, Kepercayaan Politik, dan Partisipasi Gerakan Mahasiswa di Masa Pandemi Covid-19." Jurnal PolGov 4, no. 1 (May 23, 2022): 33–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/polgov.v4i1.3587.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara deprivasi relatif dengan partisipasi gerakan mahasiswa di masa pandemi Covid-19, baik secara langsung atau di mediasi oleh kepercayaan politik. Partisipan dalam penelitian kuantitatif ini berjumlah 238 aktivis aliansi Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa (BEM) Surabaya yang dipilih dengan teknik “simple random sampling”, yang dilakukan secara online dengan bantuan google form. Penelitian ini menggunakan Skala Deprivasi Relatif yang disusun mengacu Aspek Ted Robert Gurr (Brown, et.al., 2005). Skala Kepercayaan politik disusun berdasarkan dimensi Loeber, (2011). Dan skala partisipasi gerakan mahasiswa disusun berdasarkan aspek Andik Matulessy (1997) yang disampaikan menggunakan bahasa indonesia. Hasil uji mediasi dengan menggunakan Jeffrey’s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP) for Windows 0.14.1. menunjukkan ada hubungan antara deprivasi relatif dengan partisipasi gerakan mahasiswa, baik secara langsung atau di mediasi oleh kepercayaan politik. Oleh karena itu, supaya senantiasa tercipta suasa aman dan nyaman, diharap bagi pemangku kebijakan untuk dapat mendengar aspirasi masyarakat, serta lebih memperhatikan kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat dalam setiap mengeluarkan kebijkan di masa pandemi Covid-19.

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Araújo, J. P. A., A. C. Camargo, A. F. Carvalho, and L. A. Nero. "Uma análise histórico-crítica sobre o desenvolvimento das normas brasileiras relacionadas a queijos artesanais." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 72, no. 5 (September 2020): 1845–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-11766.

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RESUMO Diferentes tipos de queijos artesanais são produzidos, comercializados e consumidos no Brasil, o que impulsiona o constante desenvolvimento de normas por órgãos oficiais, como o Mapa. A criação do Suasa e do Sisbi-POA foi fundamental para esse setor, por permitir um sistema de equivalência na fiscalização e por ampliar a distribuição. Ainda, o Mapa passou a permitir que queijos artesanais produzidos com leite cru pudessem ser maturados em um período inferior a 60 dias, desde que comprovada sua inocuidade. A redução do tempo de maturação é um tema controverso e polêmico, já que não há critérios específicos que estudos científicos devem contemplar, o que permite múltiplas interpretações de dados. Com a criação e a regulamentação do selo Arte, a fiscalização dos produtos artesanais foi designada aos órgãos de agricultura, pecuária e de saúde pública, em complementação à atribuição já prevista pelo Mapa e pelo Sisbi-POA. Ainda, o selo Arte atribui aos órgãos de inspeção uma função orientadora, atividade que deveria ser prioritariamente executada por agências de extensão e associações. As normas que balizam a produção e comercialização de produtos artesanais devem ser frequentemente atualizadas, devido aos constantes avanços científicos na área e para assegurar a oferta de produtos com qualidade e inócuos aos consumidores.

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Miranda, David de Paula Andrade, Dimas José Lasmar, Cintia Mara Costa de Oliveira, and Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda. "A importância de uma política de resíduos na agroindústria do Açaí do Amazonas (Euterpe precatoria Mart.)." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 13 (September 28, 2022): e77111335171. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i13.35171.

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Embora a Lei 12.305 de 2010, que regulamenta a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS), em seu Art.3º, inciso V, estabelece a coleta seletiva e coleta de resíduos sólidos conforme sua constituição química, bem como as normas estabelecidas pelos Órgãos do Sistema Nacional do Meio Ambiente (Sisnama); Sistema Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (SNVS); Sistema Unificado de Atenção à Sanidade Agropecuária (Suasa); Sistema Nacional de Metrologia, Normalização e Qualidade Industrial (Sinmetro), a agroindústria do açaí no estado do Amazonas tem progressivamente se intensificado e um dos fatores preocupantes na atualidade é o descarte inadequado da biomassa proveniente do processamento desta indústria, sendo ainda perceptível a falta de conscientização do descarte correto destes resíduos, como fator de risco ambiental mesmo diante das nítidas evidências das mudanças climáticas que ocorrem no planeta. Um dos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS 12), enfatiza as questões relativas ao consumo e produção sustentáveis e neste contexto a Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) preconiza até o ano de 2030, a redução pela metade do desperdício de alimentos das cadeias de produção e abastecimento, incluindo as perdas pós-colheita. O presente artigo aborda alguns parâmetros relacionados as métricas da governança e gerenciamento dos resíduos agroindústrias do açaí no estado do Amazonas, apontando modelos conceituais de alternativas utilizados em diversos insumos dentro das normas adotadas por políticas públicas nacionais e internacionais.

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12

Kamol Shavkievich Mamatov, Mirkhalil Urazbekovich Kholdorov, and Saitmurat Sultonovich Alimukhamedov. "Distribution of cutworms in vegetable crops, their harm and the effectiveness of insecticides tested against them." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 17, no. 3 (December 30, 2021): 047–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.17.3.0349.

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In this article, from the tunnels that infect the underground part of vegetable crops: turnip moth (Agrotis segetum Den.et Schiff), cut worm (A. exclamationis. L.), turn black-C (Xestia c-nigrum L.), wild turn (Euxoa agricola V.), gamma turn (Mamestra suasa Schiff.), tobacco turn (Agrotis obesa B.) and epsolon turn (A. ipsilon Rotl) encounter was detected. Underground cutworms damage to tomatoes is estimated at 6-10% in Navoi, Bukhara and Khorezm regions, 12-20% in the Republic of Karakalpakstan and Surkhandarya, Jizzakh and Syrdarya regions, and 20% in other regions such as Samarkand, Kashkadarya, Andijan, Fergana and Namangan. Up to 31% of underground tunnels were found to be damaged. The damage of the aboveground part cutworms was determined by 18% in Navoi, 15% in Jizzakh, 15-18% in Bukhara and Khorezm regions, 12-15% in Sirdarya, Surkhondarya, Karakalpakstan, 25-30% in the remaining regions. Against worms of months in tomatoes, Deltasis, 2,5% concentration of emulsion (deltametrin), 50% concentration of emulsion in Kurarfon (Profenofos) and Torpedo Jet, 14% soluble powder (Indoxicarb+emamectin benzoate), 2,5% concentration of emulsion in Defentox (deltametrin), when their preparations were tested, 87-93% efficiency was achieved. Contraindications: the drug Kapito 9,3% suspension concentrate (Chlorantraniliprol) is used on the account of 0,45 l/ha to 89,5%, the drug Emafos 42% soluble powder (emamectin benzoate +chlorpyrifos) to 0,6 l/ha. When used on account of 91, 3%, Koragen, 200 soluble powder (chlorantraniliprol) preparation, when applied to 0,2 l/H, 91,6% efficiency was achieved

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13

Mureșanu, Felicia, Dana Malschi, Loredana Suciu, Felicia Chețan, Camelia Urdă, Laura Șopterean, Ana-Maria Vălean, Vasile Oltean, Gabriel Barșon, and Florin Russu. "SOYBEAN INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT FOR PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE." Romanian Journal for Plant Protection 13 (2020): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54574/rjpp.13.02.

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"In order to protect agroecosystems and to optimize soybean crop yield from the Transylvanian Plain, the adoption of complex methods of sustainable management with minimal impact on the environment has now become a challenge. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research-Development Station Turda in 2018, to provide the best methods for the development of an Integrated Management System (IMS) for phytosanitary soybean crop risks. The field factorial experiment was based on a subdivided parcel design with two replications. Experimental models for soybean crop protection have been developed. Field research was carried out for analyzing the technological (agricultural practices), biological (diseases, insects, pests) and environmental (climate change, methods of improving soil fertility with phytosanitary risk by applying environmentally friendly products) factors affecting soybean crop yield and quality. An entomological sampling strategy (pheromone traps, plant surveys) was used for evaluating the IMS environmental risk and methods for increasing plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stress factors were also studied. The obtained data was correlated with the production values for the 3 experimental factors: the tillage system, fertilization and treatments. The following pests were recorded, soil pests Coleoptera, Agriotes larvae, Opatrum, dipterans Delia platura and D. florilega, vectors of viruses and phytoplasmoses, cicadas, aphids, trips and the common red spider Tetranychus urticae, defoliating omissions Vanessa cardui, owls Autographa gamma, Mamestra suasa, M. oleracea, Agrotis segetum) etc. In the climatic conditions of 2018, most frequent pathogens were downy mildew (Peronospora manshurica and bacterial blight Pseudomonas glycinae."

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Kurniati, Hellen, and Amir Hamidy. "Karakter Suara Limnonectes modestus (Boulenger, 1882) Asal Suaka Margasatwa Nantu, Gorontalo, Sulawesi Bagian Utara." Jurnal Biologi Indonesia 14, no. 2 (2018): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.47349/jbi/14022018/147.

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Juwita, Ratna. "Teknik Pengelolaan Kelas Besar di Sekolah Dasar." Journal of Integrated Elementary Education 2, no. 2 (September 15, 2022): 130–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/jieed.v2i2.10719.

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Kemampuan mengelola kelas merupakan salah satu kompetensi yang menjadi salah satu masalah yang mempengaruhi kualitas proses pembelajaran. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan wawancara dan observasi untuk mengetahui teknik guru dalam mengelola kelas besar di Sekolah Dasar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa teknik guru dalam mengelola kelas besar adalah dengan cara memberikan contoh langsung kepada peserta didik untuk membersihkan kelas dan halaman sehingga suasa kelas bersih dan rapi, membiasakan peserta untuk selalu disiplin dalam pembelajaran tematik. Selain itu, perangkat pembelajaran dan sumber belajar yang digunakan juga cukup beragam, baik yang sederhana maupun yang digital. Ruang kelas juga dihias seindah mungkin dan karya siswa juga dipajang di dinding kelas. Guru juga selalu mengutamakan keaktifan peserta didik selama proses pembelajaran tematik. Sirkulasi udara tetap bersih karena jendela selalu dibuka dan dibersihkan setiap hari sebelum dan sesudah proses pembelajaran. Teknik pengelolaan kelas besar tersebut tekag mampu membuat peserta didik tetap fokus dalam pembelajaran tematik dan memberikan pengalaman belajar yang bermakna dan menyenangkan, sehingga diharapkan semua guru yang mengajar di kelas besar bisa menerapkan teknik pengelolaan kelas tersebut.Abstract: The ability to manage the class is one of the competencies that affects the quality of the learning process. This qualitative research uses interviews and observations to determine the teacher's techniques in managing large classes in elementary schools. The results of this study indicate that the teacher's technique in managing large classes is to give direct examples to students of how to clean the classroom and yard so that the classroom atmosphere is clean and tidy, familiarizing participants with the need to always be disciplined in thematic learning. In addition, the learning tools and learning resources used are quite diverse, both simple and digital. Classrooms are also decorated as beautifully as possible, and student work is also displayed on the classroom walls. Teachers also always prioritize the activeness of students during the thematic learning process. Air circulation is kept clean because the windows are always opened and cleaned every day before and after the learning process. The large class management technique is determined to be able to keep students focused on thematic learning and provide a meaningful and enjoyable learning experience, so it is hoped that all teachers who teach in large classes can apply these classroom management techniques.

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Arifin, Zaenal. "DESAIN INOVASI FURNITURE BERBASIS SENSOR SUARA SUARA PADA PENCAHAYAAN." SULUH: Jurnal Seni Desain Budaya 5, no. 1 (February 22, 2022): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.34001/jsuluh.v5i1.3100.

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e development of the business world in the furniture sector is very rapid in the competition for product design. Every day, every hour, minute and second, creative ideas always appear in creating fresh and attractive designs, on the one hand the development of designs continues to increase and market demand continues to demand something new, it will have an impact on the accumulation of wood waste in every production, especially wood furniture. there are many in Jepara, this raises a lot of thoughts that need to be studied in a special study in creating something interesting from the wastes of the furniture industry, a good basic idea is needed in formulating a good design by looking at the market and combining materials to provide the best value in the final result. Through this research with an innovative design of furniture based on sensor suaras in lighting, an idea will be created according to market demand and innovative steps to deal with the times and very comprehensive market competition.

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Ismulyadi, CB. "KAPITALISME SUARA HATI." HUMANIKA 16, no. 1 (December 22, 2016): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/hum.v16i1.12142.

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Kapitalisme terus melangkah maju. Sejak munculnya, sebagai suatu sistem pada era akhir abad 16, kapitalisme masuk dalam berbagai bidang baik pendidikan, media, industri, rumah sakit, lingkungan hidup dan bahkan pada wilayah yang dianggap sakral dan privat: agama. Kapitalisme seolah seperti busa spon yang menyerap berbagai aspek dan masih menyisakan bekasnya. Kapitalisme kerap kali menjadi tema sensitif dan mengalami penolakan. Wajah kapitalisme dianggap jahat karena terkesan eksploitatif dan diramalkan akan mengalami keruntuhan. Dalam perjalanan sejarah, kapitalisme menunjukkan sosok barunya. Dinamika kontekstual dan perkembangan global mengharuskan kapitalisme memperbaiki diri dan berpartisipasi langsung dalam menangani masalah-masalah kemanusiaan universal dan lingkungan hidup sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab sosial.

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Häkkinen, Kaisa. "Matias Aleksanteri Castrén ja Kalevalan ruotsinnos." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2019, no. 97 (May 2, 2019): 237–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.79463.

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Kun Elias Lönnrotin kokoama runoeepos, ns. Vanha Kalevala, ilmestyi vuonna 1835, se käänsi suomen kielen ja suomalaisen kulttuurin arvostuksen huimaan nousuun. Kalevala innosti myös maisteriopintojaan viimeistelevää, alkuaan pappisuralle aikonutta Matias Aleksanteri Castrénia suuntaamaan huomionsa suomen ja sen sukukielten tutkimukseen. Koska alkuperäistä Kalevalaa pystyivät lukemaan vain muutamat harvat oppineiston edustajat, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura julisti kilpailun runomuotoisen ruotsin- tai saksankielisen käännöksen aikaansaamiseksi. Tällaisia ei kuitenkaan ilmaantunut. Helsingin yliopiston suomen kielen lehtori Carl Niclas Keckman luennoi Kalevalasta ja laati siitä sanatarkan ruotsinnoksen, mutta ei runomittaista versiota. Muutaman vuoden odotuksen jälkeen Kalevalasta jo aiemmin kiinnostunut Castrén ryhtyi kääntämään eeposta. Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran stipendiaattina hän keräsi kesällä 1839 taustatietoa ja uutta kansanperinneaineistoa Vienan Karjalassa. Aktiivinen kääntäminen kesti noin kaksi vuotta. Käännöstyön ohella Castrén julkaisi dosentinväitöskirjan ja joitakin pienempiä tieteellisiä tutkimuksia. Kevätlukukaudella 1841 Castrén luennoi Helsingin yliopistossa Kalevalasta ja viimeisteli käännöstään. Se ilmestyi kesäkuussa 1841 ja sai hyvän vastaanoton. Esimerkiksi historiallis-vertailevan kielentutkimuksen kärkiedustajiin kuulunut Jacob Grimm perehtyi Kalevalaan ja luennoi siitä Berliinin tiedeakatemiassa Castrénin ruotsinnoksen perusteella. Castrénin ruotsinnos avasi uusia mahdollisuuksia Kalevalaa koskevalle tieteelliselle keskustelulle, koska eepos oli nyt aiempaa merkittävästi laajempien piirien luettavissa. Tärkeä rooli tässä keskustelussa oli itse Castrénilla ja hänen Kalevala-tulkinnoillaan. Kalevalan käännöksen myötä Castrén sai pysyvän kansainvälisen maineen arvostettuna kansanperinteen ja mytologian asiantuntijana. Kirjoitus perustuu Suomalais-Ugrilaisessa Seurassa 15.2.2019 pidettyyn esitelmään.

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"Lacanobia suasa." CABI Compendium CABI Compendium (January 7, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/cabicompendium.29621.

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20

Saraswati, Dyah Paramita. "SUARA PEREMPUAN DALAM LAGU PADUAN SUARA DIALITA." Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya 12, no. 1 (June 3, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.17510/paradigma.v12i1.589.

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<p>The women, who survived the 1965 tragedy and had been political prisoners because they were thought to have ties to the Indonesian Communist Party, had been silenced for a long time. Those female survivors then spoke through songs in the Dialita Choir. What they do is a form of women’s writing which is an attempt to include women in historical narratives. This study aims to analyze their act as a form of feminine writing that can be seen through the lyrics of a song sung by the Dialita Choir. The lyrics from the Dialita Choir are treated as text. The analysis in this study uses a feminist perspective with a critical discourse analysis approach. This study found that written songs became a coping mechanism for them while being arrested.</p>

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Christensen, Carsten, and John Salmon. "An agent-based modeling approach for simulating the impact of small unmanned aircraft systems on future battlefields." Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation: Applications, Methodology, Technology, October 29, 2020, 154851292096390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548512920963904.

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The increasing proliferation of small unmanned aircraft systems (sUASs) is forcing a paradigm shift in military doctrine surrounding counter-sUAS and sUAS deployment tactics. This work describes an agent-based model that incorporates established infantry small unit tactics with the ability to deploy sUASs to aid in surveillance and indirect fire targeting. The model is based on current military doctrine and real warfighter experiences and is presented as a foundation from which additional simulation capabilities and analyses may be created. A series of randomly generated situations sets a defending force with the potential to have sUAS capabilities against a superior attacking force without sUAS capabilities. A control case considers defenders without sUAS capabilities. In six experimental cases, defending forces deploy a single sUAS in one of six patrol patterns as a surveillance and indirect fire targeting tool. Subsequent analysis reveals that sUASs generally increase the odds of defender survival during an engagement and that short-range, concentrated patrol patterns lead to higher odds of defender survival and increased indirect fire opportunities. A battery of analyses showcase the model’s capabilities in terms of exploring novel sUAS implementation strategies and illustrating the impact of those strategies over a range of combat effectiveness metrics.

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"Suana concolor." CABI Compendium CABI Compendium (January 7, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/cabicompendium.52052.

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Allen, Pamela. "Sastra Diasporik?: Suara-Suara Tionghoa Baru di Indonesia." Antropologi Indonesia, no. 71 (July 24, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/ai.v0i71.3469.

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Prasetya, Binyamin Widi, Budi Susanto, and Joko Purwadi. "Identifikasi Suara Pria dan Wanita Berdasarkan Frekuensi Suara." Jurnal Informatika 4, no. 1 (February 14, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.21460/inf.2008.41.13.

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Suara manusia antara individu yang satu dengan yang lain memiliki perbedaan.Namun demikian, dalam perbedaan-perbadaan tersebut masih terdapat adanya kesamaanantara suara pria yang satu dengan pria yang lain dan atara wanita yang satu denganwanita yang lain. Melalui Aplikasi ini, penulis mencoba melakukan penelitian untukmengidentifikasi suara manusia yang sudah disimpan dalam file WAV, sehingga diketahuijenis kelamin pemilik suara tersebut pria atau wanita. Proses identifikasi yang dilakukanberdasarkan frekuensi suara ini hanya diberlakukan untuk suara orang dewasa. Prosespembandingan suara akan dilakukan berdasarkan nilai discrete file suara yang akan dicaridengan algoritna Discrete Fourier Transform dalam frekuensi 50 - 1000 Hz. Sedangkanuntuk menggolongkan jenis kelamin akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metodeklasifikasi K-Nearest Neighbor.

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Virtanen, Susanna. "Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran vuosikertomus ja tilinpäätös vuodelta 2019." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2021, no. 98 (December 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.117849.

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Seurujärvi-Kari, Irja. "Dutkansearvi." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2021, no. 98 (December 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.117848.

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Virtanen, Susanna. "Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran vuosikertomus ja tilinpäätös vuodelta 2020." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2021, no. 98 (December 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.117851.

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Holopainen, Sampsa. "Substitutions of palatovelars in Indo-European loanwords into Uralic?" Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2021, no. 98 (December 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.95365.

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In this paper, the Indo-European etymologies of Uralic words are analysed that allegedly contain reflexes of Proto-Indo-European palatal stops (palatovelars) *ḱ, *ǵ and *ǵh. Especially Jorma Koivulehto has in many works argued that words that show these reflexes manifest of very early contacts between Indo-European and Uralic, and these ideas have been very influential in the discussion of location of dating of early varieties of Uralic, and to a lesser extent, Indo-European languages. While most of these etymologies are convincing in that they are indeed borrowed from Indo-European, a critical scrutiny leads to the conclusion that they can be considered loanwords from later branches (such as Indo-Iranian) that had already went through satemization. Some etymologies also turn out to be unconvincing in the light of modern views of Uralic and Indo-European historical phonology. These results support other recent, more sceptic views of contacts between Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Uralic, and mean that many of the extra-linguistic conclusions based on earlier loanword studies have to be considered unreliable, which is in line with recent studies of prehistory.

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Uusitupa, Milla. "Subjektin merkintä tverinkarjalan pidiä-, šuaha- ja voija-konstruktioissa." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2021, no. 98 (December 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.95404.

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The article deals with subject expression in Tver Karelian modal constructions, which include a finite form of modal verb pidiä ‘must, have to’, šuaha ‘may, can’ or voija ‘can, may’. Pidiä, šuaha and voija belong to the core modal verbs, not only in Karelian but in other Finnic languages as well, and they are the most frequently and freely used modals to express different kinds of (non-epistemic and epistemic) modalities. According to earlier studies, all aforementioned modals have both unipersonal and multipersonal usages in Eastern Finnic languages, but the variation between the usages has remained largely unknown. This empirical study seeks to answer, 1) how often the pidiä, šuaha and voija constructions contain an overtly expressed subject NP, 2) how the prospective subject NP is marked, and 3) how large a proportion of all pidiä, šuaha and voija constructions are subjectless. The data used represent spoken Tver Karelian from mid-20th century, and as the theoretical and methodological background of the study serves functional dialect syntax.

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Siegl, Florian. "Der Partitiv im Taimyr Dolganischen." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2021, no. 98 (December 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.87180.

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Although recent cross-linguistic and typological research on partitive cases (Luraghi & Huumo eds. 2014) has started to expand its perspective beyond Europe, partitive and partitive-like cases in the indigenous languages of Central and Eastern Siberia have been largely overlooked. This study discusses the partitive case in Taimyr Dolgan, an indigenous Turkic language of Northern Siberia from a functional-typological, areal and historical perspective, synthesizing existing descriptions (Ubrjatova 1985, Artem'ev 1999) with the author’s field materials and a convenience sample consisting of 48000 words of written Dolgan. Due to the fact that Finnic languages dominate cross-linguistic research on partitive cases, this study concludes with a short comparative analysis of Dolgan — Finnish similarities and dissimilarities.

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Kehayov, Petar, Denis Kuzmin, and Rogier Blokland. "Reflections of Russian dialect geography in Djorža Karelian." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2021, no. 98 (December 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.91524.

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Can we pinpoint an Eastern Finnic dialect on the map, based exclusively on the Russian influence in its phonology and grammar? How precisely do differences between Russian (sub-)dialects manifest themselves in Eastern Finnic? Due to its unique location, far from its relatives, and its contacts with different Russian dialects, Djorža Karelian is a promising tool for answering these questions. We explore the distribution of three phonological features in Djorža Karelian vocabulary borrowed from Russian; all of them correspond to isoglosses on the Russian dialect map. In addition, we also shortly examine one syntactic feature in this Karelian variety: the distribution of two borrowed conjunctions with similar meaning and North-South divide in Russian dialects. We conclude that phonology is not the best detector of contact between non-cognate dialects, because of the small sound inventories of the contact varieties and the problems in distinguishing externally driven change from internally driven change. Syntax seems to be a better diagnostic for contact between non-cognate dialects, because of its complex relationship with meaning. We go on to demonstrate how syntactic evidence from a non-Slavic variety can also be suggestive for the occurrence of linguistic phenomena in Russian dialects.

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Kuokkala, Juha. "Mihin suuntaan saamen progressiivirakenteet ovat menossa?" Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2021, no. 98 (December 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.97223.

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The Saami languages utilize a long-established progressive construction based on the inflected copula verb and the so-called action essive form of the main verb, for example North Saami lea dahkamin ‘is doing’ of dahkat ‘to do’. The present paper examines an apparently innovative construction that has not been described before, similarly appearing in a progressive function but based on the inflected copula and the locative case form of the deverbal noun in -u, for example lea jođus ‘is going’ of johtit ‘to travel, go, be in motion’. The main data source used is the SIKOR corpus, containing contemporary written language material in several Saami languages; supplementary sources of both written and oral material and of different ages are used as well. The data reveals that the new construction is frequently used of the verb johtit ‘to travel, go’ in modern North Saami (leat jođus) and fairly known in Inari Saami, too (leđe joođoost). It is used more rarely of the verb mannat ‘to go’ in North Saami (leat manus); from Inari Saami there is only a single attestation of this verb in older data. Other verbs are not observed to be used in a similar construction, and the innovation seems to be confined to the contemporary use of these two Saami languages. It is argued that there are both language-internal and external factors that have contributed to the emergence of the leat jođus construction, including the global tendency of progressives to develop out of locative constructions and most importantly the model of the contact language Finnish, where a structurally identical deverbal noun based progressive construction is commonly used of the most frequent motion verbs (olla menossa ~ tulossa ~ lähdössä of mennä ‘to go’, tulla ‘to come’, lähteä ‘to depart’).

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Bartens, Hans-Hermann. "Krankheit auf Wanderschaft." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2021, no. 98 (December 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.95743.

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Among the speakers in the area from Inari to Southern Sámi, legends about epidemic, contagious diseases are part of the oral tradition. The core is constituted by legends about the plague and therefore are at the centre of the present article drawing upon both published and unpublished sources. Legends about other contagious diseases show parallels with them. The plague can take different shapes. For example, it may assume an anthropomorphic shape in the entire tradition area which becomes invisible in certain situations. Zoomorphic shapes turn out to be rather peripheral. The plague is, just as other contagious diseases, not induced by magic in the Sámi tradition. It is incurable, but it is possible to protect oneself from it in different ways, seek to annihilate it, or to make it submissive. Out of self-interest, the plague spares certain individuals. There are, also for taboo reasons, multiple denominations for the plague restricted to certain regions. As far as the contents are concerned, there are also clear regional differences. This can be seen, for example, in the way of getting around, which in the North is above all unindependent, or in the ethnic aspects which surface in the more multifacetic Southern traditions.

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Hamari, Arja. "Mordvalaiskielten ška-komparatiivi." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2021, no. 98 (December 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.95361.

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This paper deals with the comparative suffix -ška of the Mordvin languages Erzya and Moksha. Traditionally, the suffix has been regarded as the ending of the comparative case with the meaning ‘about the amount of X’. However, it has a rather limited range of uses in this function. Since the suffix is also employed as a derivational suffix that turn nouns into adjectives meaning ‘the size of X’, some researchers prefer to consider it primarily derivational rather than a case ending. Etymologically, the suffix most likely goes back to the lexical noun ška ‘time’ that still appears in Erzya, although other origins have also been suggested. In this paper, the morphological properties of the comparative suffix are surveyed as well as the syntactic functions of the comparative forms. Moreover, the path of grammaticalisation of the lexical noun into a suffix is outlined. It is shown that the suffix should indeed be considered a derivational ending in the contemporary languages. However, some aspects in its use suggest that there might be an on-going process possibly leading to the development of a case category.

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Valtonen, Taarna. "Inarinsaamen ja koltansaamen nuotta-apajien nimet:." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2021, no. 98 (December 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.95370.

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Tässä artikkelissa analysoin inarin- ja koltansaamen nuotta-apajien nimien rakennetta, muodostamistapaa ja nimeämisperusteita. Lisäksi tarkastelen nuottaamiseen liittyvää sanastoa ja sen historiaa. Materiaalina on 204 inarinsaamenkielistä apajannimeä Inarista sekä 161 koltansaamenkielistä apajannimeä Suonikylästä, Petsamosta. Nimiä analysoidaan Kurt Zilliacusin ja Eero Kiviniemen 1960 ja -70-luvuilla kehittämän syntaktis-semanttisen luokittelumallista sovelletulla metodilla. Alkuperäisen metodin sopivuutta saamen kielten paikannimien luokitteluun lähestytään kriittisesti. Tulokset osoittavat, että inarin- ja koltansaamen nimiopit eroavat toisistaan, mutta niissä on myös paljon yhteistä. Koltansaamen apajannimistä on tunnistettavissa selvästi prototyyppinen, kaksisosainen rakennetyyppi, jonka perusosa on tai se päättyy sanaa laapp ’apaja’. Koltansaamen apajannimet ovat keskimäärin yhden sanan pidempiä kuin inarinsaamessa. Edellä mainittu rakennetyyppi löytyy myös inarinsaamesta, mutta se on vain yhtä tavallinen kuin useat muut tyypit. Inarinsaamen apajannimien rakennetyypit muistuttavat talonnimien rakennetyyppejä. Nimeämisperusteet ovat pääosin samanlaisia kummassakin kielessä. Tavallisin nimeämisperuste on molemmissa kielissä apajan sijainnin tai aseman kuvaaminen.

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Kaheinen, Kaisla. "Nganasanin itsekorjaus." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2021, no. 98 (December 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.95338.

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Artikkeli käsittelee nganasanin itsekorjausta vuorovaikutuslingvistisestä näkökulmasta. Itsekorjaus on suullisen vuorovaikutuksen ilmiö, jolle tyypillistä on lausuman keskeyttäminen sen hetkisen puhujan omassa puheessa esiintyvän ongelman korjaamisen ajaksi. Itsekorjauksen suorittamiseen käytetyt keinot ovat osittain riippuvaisia käytetyn kielen morfosyntaktisesta rakenteesta ja vaihtelevat kielittäin. Artikkelini tavoitteena on kuvata korjaustoimintoja eli korjausten suorittamiseen käytettyjä morfosyntaktisia keinoja sekä korjauksen yleisimpiä pragmaattisia merkityksiä puhuttua kieltä edustavan aineiston perusteella. Nganasanin yleisimmät korjaustoiminnot muistuttavat Schegloffin (2013) aiemmin kuvaamia, mutta ne rakentuvat nganasanin morfosyntaksille tyypillisellä tavalla. Korjaustoimintojen avulla puhujat käsittelevät monenlaisia ongelmia äänteellisistä lipsahduksista kompleksisiin, keskustelun dynamiikkaa koskeviin sosiaalisiin ongelmiin. Aineistossa esiintyy paljon myös koodinvaihtoon ja virheellisinä pidettyihin sanamuotoihin kohdistuvia korjauksia, joiden perusteella on mahdollista tarkastella puhujien kieliasenteita.

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Fejes, László. "On Finnic and Khanty vowel harmony: domains, slopes and their role in typology." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2021, no. 98 (December 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.95344.

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The main purpose of this paper is to draw attention to the inaccuracies in the article by Paul Kiparsky and Karl Pajusalu (2003). Their influential study suggests a typological classification of vowel harmony based on mostly Finnic languages and their dialects which is claimed to be supported by a particular OT analysis. However, in many cases, their example languages and dialects are hardly classifiable into the category suggested by them. Moreover, their OT analysis completely ignores cases of variation (including vacillation) in the example languages. The present study deals with the data available for Estonian (Mulgi and Northeastern dialects), Veps and Khanty, and demonstrates – mostly based on the same sources referred to by Kiparsky and Pajusalu – that the actual patterns of harmony are considerably different from the patterns described in their article. It is emphasized that many patterns do not arise from the behavior of neutral vowels but instead, they can be results of the length and the nature of the harmonic domain. The paper also introduces the notion of harmonicity slope, according to which the domain has no strict borders and in which the tendency for the vowels to harmonize gradually diminishes.

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Erkkilä, Riku. "Ersän prolatiivin merkitykset." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2021, no. 98 (December 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.95000.

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Tutkin tässä artikkelissa ersän prolatiivin merkityksiä (semanttisia funktioita). Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on selvittää, mitä erilaisia merkityksiä ersän prolatiivilla voidaan ilmaista ja mitkä ovat yhteydet näiden merkitysten välillä. Tutkimukseni pohjautuu korpukseen, ja korpuksesta kerättyä aineistoa analysoidaan kognitiivisen kielentutkimuksen kehyksessä. Erotan merkitykset toisistaan käyttämällä protoskeeman ja funktionaalisen elementin käsitteitä (Tyler & Evans 2003). Analysoimalla aineistoa olen löytänyt viisi protoskeemaa, jotka eroavat toisistaan. Näin ollen määritän ersän prolatiiville viisi merkitystä. Lisäksi neljä näistä merkityksistä voidaan kukin jakaa kahteen kontekstuaaliseen varianttiin, joilla on sama protoskeema, mutta joiden käyttöyhteydet eroavat systemaattisesti toisistaan. Lisäksi kuvaan prolatiivin säteittäiskategoriana, joka perustuu protoskeemojen välisiin yhteyksiin. Tämä tutkimus on yksi ensimmäisistä yrityksistä kuvata vähemmän tutkittua uralilaista kieltä kognitiivisen kielentutkimuksen kehyksessä, ja sellaisena se on kiinnostava sekä uralilaisten kielten että kognitiiviseen kielentutkimukseen suuntautuneille tutkijoille.

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Rahkonen, Pauli. "Finno-Ugrian hydronyms of the river Volkhov and Luga catchment area." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2011, no. 93 (January 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.82436.

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The aim of the present work is to study by the means of onomastics of language of the ancient Chudes mentioned by the Russian chroniclers. More precisely, the research concerns the Chudes that inhabited the Novgorod Land before their assimilation with Slavs. The previous view has been that the language belonged to the Finnic group. In this work, I have defined the boundaries of actual Finnic toponyms, examined the areal connection of the formants of hydronyms, the distribution of Chud toponyms and the names of large bodies of waters in Pskov territory between Estonia and Novgorod. The results of onomastics are also compared with archaeological data. The basic conclusion is that the language of these Chudes was not Finnic.

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Stachowski, Kamil. "Remarks on the usefulness of different types of transcription, with a particular regard to Turkic comparative studies." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2011, no. 93 (January 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.82439.

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The article attempts to determine what kind of transcription is best suited for (Turkic) comparative studies. Five questions are asked: what are the features of an ideal transcription, what level of abstraction is most useful, what notation system is most practical, and is it possible for a single transcription to encompass the entire Turkic family. Ultimately, a set of basic rules is proposed together with a small exemplification.

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Virtanen, Susanna S. "Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran vuosikertomus ja tilinpäätös vuodelta 2017." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2019, no. 97 (May 2, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.67807.

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Juutinen, Markus. "Koltansaamen myönteiset ja kielteiset fokuspartikkelit." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2019, no. 97 (May 2, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.69127.

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Artikkeli käsittelee koltansaamen myönteisiä ja kielteisiä fokuspartikkeleita, niiden lainalähteitä sekä niiden käytön muuttumista kielikontaktien vaikutuksesta. Vanhin aineisto on kerätty 1900-luvun alkupuolella ja tuorein aineisto vuonna 2007. Tuona tutkimusaikana koltansaamen kieliympäristö muuttui radikaalisti. Kolttasaamelaiset puhuivat tutkimusjakson alkupuolella koltansaamen lisäksi myös venäjää, mutta sen tilalle tärkeimmäksi kontaktikieleksi muodostui suomen kieli, kun Petsamon alue liitettiin Suomeen. Ajallisesti kolmitasoisessa aineistossa näkyy kielikontaktien vaikutus koltansaamen fokuspartikkeleiden käyttöön.

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Grünthal, Riho. "Canonical and non-canonical patterns in the adpositional phrase of Western Uralic:." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2019, no. 97 (May 2, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.70211.

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Notions about adpositions and adpositional phrases (AdpP) reflect the ambiguous nature of this particular domain. While postpositions and prepositions are often dealt with as lexical categories, their syntactic context determines the grammatical relations of individual postpositions. In the diachronic development of individual adpositions, the phrasal unit of AdpP plays a crucial role either enhancing or diminishing the possibility of adopting new adpositions. In Uralic both the head and complement may be inflected, which increases the divergence of the adpositional system in comparison with most neighboring contact languages. This is illustratively seen in the bulk of adpositions in Finnic, Saamic and Mordvinic, which only exceptionally include borrowed lexemes. The focus of this article is bifold. Firstly, it briefly outlines the main structural types of AdpP, particularly in Western Uralic. Secondly, it discusses why loanwords only seldom occur in the adpositional system of languages that are strongly influenced by language contact and widespread bilingualism, such as contemporary Veps and Erzya.

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Culver, Christopher. "Further Russian, Chuvash, and Tatar loan etymologies for Mari." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2017, no. 96 (January 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.70219.

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The article offers several new or revised Tatar, Chuvash, or Russian loan etymologies for Mari words: 1) MariE č́ükə̑ndə̑r etc. ‘beetroot’ < Tat. čögender id.; 2) MariE jŭɣo ‘heir’ < Cv. yăx(ă) ‘family, tribe’; 3) MariE juŋgo etc. ‘finger wound’ < Tat. yungï ‘splinter’; 4) MariE kalaŋga ‘rutabaga, Brassica napobrassica’ < Ru. dial. голанка id.; 5) MariE kolko ‘fishing float’ < Tat. *kalkï id.; 6) MariE meke ‘sack’ < Ru. мех id.; 7) MariE napala, lapla etc. ‘fishing float’ < Ru. dial. наплав id.; 8) MariE oroδo etc. ‘idiot’ < Ru. dial. урод id.; 9) MariE popə̑lδatem ‘yammer’ < Ru. поболтать id.; 10) MariE Nw sor ‘big; adult; a lot; for a long time’ < Tat. zur id.; 11) MariE šolaš‑ etc. ‘throatlatch on bridle of horse’ < Ru. dial. салазки ‘lower jaw’; 12) MariE ökə̑m etc. ‘by force, compulsory’ < Tat. xökem ‘verdict, authority’; 13) MariE titak etc. ‘blame, guilt, misdeed’ < Tat. titak id.; 14) MariE tutə̑nem ‘to stutter’ < Tat. *totïn id.

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Edygarova, Svetlana. "Об одной функции адвербиаля -я в удмуртском языке (как пример языковой стандартизации)." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2017, no. 96 (January 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.70221.

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This paper deals with the contemporary Udmurt language which demonstrates extensive influence from Russian. It is misleading, however, to think that a strong influenceof a prestige language in a minority language would indicate a poorer version of the language in question. Despite Udmurt being a living, rich language, the ways in which people use it depends on their sociolinguistic background. Here, empirical data gathered by means of a translation test is used to demonstrate the way in which the informants use the new adnominal function of the Udmurt adverbial case. It is concluded that this use depends on the linguistic background of the individual speaker. In particular, it reflects speakers’ knowledge of different language varieties, such as the standard language, the vernacular and various dialects. It also reflects how speakers have acquired and continue to use these varieties.

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Hölzl, Andreas. "New evidence on Para-Mongolic numerals." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2017, no. 96 (January 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.70222.

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Para-Mongolic is a technical term that designates languages that were related to the Mongolic languages, but which split off from this lineage before Proto-Mongolic times. One source of knowledge for Para-Mongolic comes from loanwords in surrounding languages, of which borrowed numerals in the Tungusic language Jurchen are a well-known example. The paper presents new evidence found in Tungusic languages that were previously almost unknown in the West and briefly sketches the place of those languages within the Tungusic family.

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Junttila, Santeri. "Lähtökielen sanansisäisten soinnittomien klusiilien edustus kantasuomen balttilaislainoissa." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2017, no. 96 (January 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.70223.

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In this article I intend to outline the rules determining when the word-internal Baltic tenuis consonants k, t and p appear as the single stops k, t, p and when they appear as the geminates kk, tt, pp in old Baltic loanwords in proto-Finnic. I will critically assess the Baltic loan etymologies which contain tenuis consonants, at which point the Baltic origins of the Finnish words kukkura, lapa, mytyri and patistaa will be rejected and the suggested loan etymologies of the Finnish words hako, latu, mättää and äes as well as Est. matta and uba will be shown to be uncertain. Words of certain Baltic origin include Fin. ativo, kypärä, kavuta, ketara, lapio, nepaa, rainta, ratas, toe, vakka and ätelä, and those of probable Baltic origin include Fin. huttu, kääppä, makka(ra), mäkärä, oas, as well as Est. hakata and SEst. nakadaq. In addition to these, I will present completely new Baltic loan etymologies for the Finnish words kukka- ~ kukku- and lappa. In all certain and probable loanwords, Baltic tenuis consonants are found as geminates in disyllabic nominal stems and as single stops in trisyllabic nominal stems. This substitution rule may be the result of the overall impression that the target-language speakers get of the duration of the source-language words. When a Baltic verb was borrowed, a proto-Finnic verbal affix was added to the borrowed stem, so that further ways of substituting the duration of the word form were not needed.

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Juutinen, Markus. "Ščekoldinin vuoden 1894 koltansaamenkielisen Matteuksen evankeliumin kielestä." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2017, no. 96 (January 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.70224.

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The Skolt Saami Gospel of Matthew was published in 1894 and translated by priest K. P. Ščekoldin who was a native speaker of Russian. Ščekoldin has been regarded as an expert of Skolt Saami. This article shows, however, that his translation suffers from various errors. Some of the mistakes, such as those found in the marking of consonant gradation, diphthongs, verbal agreement and negation, must be the result of his insufficient language skills. Other mistakes can be attributed to certain linguistic structures found in the source language, Russian. These include mistakes in verbal agreement, in the case marking of nominal arguments and complements and in the expression of possession and of questions. The influence of the source language can, of course, itself be a result of insufficient language skills. Despite the weaknesses in Ščekoldin’s translation, it still is an important document of Skolt Saami: it was only in 1970s when the next written works of Skolt Saami were published.

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Metsäranta, Niklas. "Päivitettyjä permiläisiä etymologioita ja rinnastuksia." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2017, no. 96 (January 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.70228.

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In this article, new revised etymologies are provided for a selected group of words in the Permic languages. An attempt is made to prove that old, previously proposed cognate sets can be revised and reorganized and that new cognates and loan etymologies can still be found simply by adhering to regularity. The article also explores both synchronic and diachronic derivation as an etymological tool. The Permic words discussed in the article are: 1) Komi ki̮r- ’to dig (up); to wash away, to furrow’, Udmurt ki̮ri̮- ’to unpick, to take apart; to burst, to puncture, to crack (dam)’, 2) Komi kurćći̮-, Udmurt kurtći̮- ’to bite’, 3) Komi pe̮ž- ’to steam, to bake’, Udmurt pi̮ži̮- ’to bake’, 4) Komi-Permyak śe̮vt, śe̮vte̮t ’tether, fetter, shackles’, Udmurt śe̮ltet, śe̮li̮t ’fetter’, 5) Komi vor(j) ’manger, trough’, Udmurt e̮r ’(river) bed’.

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Parpola, Asko. "Finnish vatsa ~ Sanskrit vatsá and the formation of Indo-Iranian and Uralic languages." Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 2017, no. 96 (January 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.33340/susa.70229.

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Finnish vatsa ‘stomach’ < PFU *vaćća < Proto-Indo-Aryan *vatsá- ‘calf’ < PIE *vet-(e)s-ó- ‘yearling’ contrasts with Finnish vasa- ‘calf’ < Proto-Iranian *vasa- ‘calf’. Indo-Aryan -ts- versus Iranian -s- reflects the divergent development of PIE *-tst- in the Iranian branch (> *-st-, with Greek and Balto-Slavic) and in the Indo-Aryan branch ( > *-tt-, probably due to Uralic substratum). The split of Indo-Iranian can be traced in the archaeological record to the differentiation of the Yamnaya culture in the North Pontic and Volga steppes respectively during the third millennium BCE, due to the use of separate sources of metal: the Iranian branch was dependent on the North Caucasus, while the Indo-Aryan branch was oriented towards the Urals. It is argued that the Abashevo culture of the Mid-Volga-Kama-Belaya basins and the Sejma-Turbino trade network (2200–1900 BCE) were bilingual in Proto-Indo-Aryan and PFU, and introduced the PFU as the basis of West Uralic (Volga-Finnic) into the Netted Ware Culture of the Upper Volga-Oka (1900–200 BCE).

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Journal articles on the topic 'Suasa'

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