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Journal articles on the topic 'Sub-Optimal diet'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 21 December 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Young, Lauren M., Sarah Gauci, Andrew Scholey, et al. "Self-Reported Diet Quality Differentiates Nutrient Intake, Blood Nutrient Status, Mood, and Cognition: Implications for Identifying Nutritional Neurocognitive Risk Factors in Middle Age." Nutrients 12, no. 10 (2020): 2964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12102964.

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Evidence for diet quality representing a modifiable risk factor for age-related cognitive decline and mood disturbances has typically come from retrospective, cross-sectional analyses. Here a diet screening tool (DST) was used to categorize healthy middle-aged volunteers (n = 141, 40–65 years) into “optimal” or “sub-optimal” diet groups to investigate cross-sectional associations between diet quality, cognitive function, and mood. The DST distinguished levels of nutrient intake as assessed by Automated Self-Administered 24-h dietary recall and nutrient status, as assessed by blood biomarker me

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Ajmone-Cat, Maria Antonietta, Roberta De Simone, Anna Maria Tartaglione, et al. "Critical Role of Maternal Selenium Nutrition in Neurodevelopment: Effects on Offspring Behavior and Neuroinflammatory Profile." Nutrients 14, no. 9 (2022): 1850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14091850.

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Research in both animals and humans shows that some nutrients are important in pregnancy and during the first years of life to support brain and cognitive development. Our aim was to evaluate the role of selenium (Se) in supporting brain and behavioral plasticity and maturation. Pregnant and lactating female rats and their offspring up to postnatal day 40 were fed isocaloric diets differing in Se content—i.e., optimal, sub-optimal, and deficient—and neurodevelopmental, neuroinflammatory, and anti-oxidant markers were analyzed. We observed early adverse behavioral changes in juvenile rats only

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3

Young, Lauren M., Sarah Gauci, Lizanne Arnoldy, et al. "Investigating the Effects of a Multinutrient Supplement on Cognition, Mood and Biochemical Markers in Middle-Aged Adults with ‘Optimal’ and ‘Sub-Optimal’ Diets: A Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial." Nutrients 14, no. 23 (2022): 5079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14235079.

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Background: Previous randomized controlled trials examining cognitive and mood effects of combination multivitamin supplements in healthy, non-clinical adults have reported mixed results. One purported explanation for this is that the dietary status of participants at the start of supplement interventions may influence the magnitude of the effect of supplementation. Methods: In this study, we evaluated the effect of a multinutrient formula containing B group vitamins, Bacopa monniera and Ginkgo biloba on memory, attention, mood and biochemical markers of nutrient status in middle-aged adults (

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Huang, Ying-Chen, and Wen-Hsing Cheng. "Minimum Dietary Selenium Requirement to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes in Mice." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (2020): 1811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa067_038.

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Abstract Objectives Classic selenium (Se) deficiency syndromes are rare in the United States, but individuals with sub-optimal body Se status free of symptoms may be prone to certain chronic diseases such as diabetes if the condition is sustained. In-depth analyses of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey estimate that mortality rate is increased when serum Se is &lt; 105.8 μg/L, suggesting that Se status in 10% or 15.5 million Americans aged 40 or older might be sub-optimal. Nonetheless, previous mouse studies show that both dietary selenium deficiency and in excess can pro

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Khoshkerdar, Afsaneh, Nader Eid, Vipul Batra, et al. "Sub-Optimal Paternal Diet at the Time of Mating Disrupts Maternal Adaptations to Pregnancy in the Late Gestation Mouse." Nutrients 16, no. 12 (2024): 1879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16121879.

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Pregnancy represents a stage during which maternal physiology and homeostatic regulation undergo dramatic change and adaptation. The fundamental purpose of these adaptations is to ensure the survival of her offspring through adequate nutrient provision and an environment that is tolerant to the semi-allogenic foetus. While poor maternal diet during pregnancy is associated with perturbed maternal adaptations during pregnancy, the influence of paternal diet on maternal well-being is less clearly defined. We fed C57BL/6 male mice either a control (CD), low protein diet (LPD), a high fat/sugar Wes

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Forister, Matthew L., Zachariah Gompert, Chris C. Nice, Glen W. Forister, and James A. Fordyce. "Ant association facilitates the evolution of diet breadth in a lycaenid butterfly." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, no. 1711 (2010): 1539–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.1959.

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The role of mutualistic interactions in adaptive diversification has not been thoroughly examined. Lycaenid butterflies provide excellent systems for exploring mutualistic interactions, as more than half of this family is known to use ants as a resource in interactions that range from parasitism to mutualism. We investigate the hypothesis that protection from predators offered to caterpillars by ants might facilitate host-range evolution. Specifically, experiments with the butterfly Lycaeides melissa investigated the role of ant association in the use of a novel host, alfalfa, Medicago sativa

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Miller, Jeremy, Jannelle Vienneau-Hathaway, Enkhbileg Dendev, Merrina Lan, and Nadia A. Ayoub. "The common house spider, Parasteatoda tepidariorum, maintains silk gene expression on sub-optimal diet." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (2020): e0237286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237286.

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Cobweb weaving spiders and their relatives spin multiple task-specific fiber types. The unique material properties of each silk type result from differences in amino acid sequence and structure of their component proteins, primarily spidroins (spider fibrous proteins). Amino acid content and gene expression measurements of spider silks suggest some spiders change expression patterns of individual protein components in response to environmental cues. We quantified mRNA abundance of three spidroin encoding genes involved in prey capture in the common house spider, Parasteatoda tepidariorum (Ther

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Schutte, J. B., M. W. Bosch, J. de Jong, E. J. van Weerden, and F. Koch. "Factors affecting the requirement of dietary sulphur-containing amino acids of young pigs." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 39, no. 2 (1991): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v39i2.16544.

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In the first of 3 experiments, requirement for total and digestible sulphur amino acids (SAA) was estimated in 240 pigs, 14 to 40 kg. A diet with low digestible amino acids content (digestible sulphur amino acids (SAA) 0.37%) was supplemented with all essential amino acids except methionine and 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.1 or 0.2% synthetic DL-methionine added, providing diets with 0.42, 0.47, 0.52 and 0.57% digestible SAA. A control diet contained 0.52% digestible SAA. At similar levels of digestible SAA, there was no difference in performance between the experimental and the control diet, showing that

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9

Sahin, K., O. Kucuk, N. Sahin, and M. F Gursu. "Optimal dietary concentration of vitamin E for alleviating the effect of heat stress on performance, thyroid status, ACTH and some serum metabolite and mineral concentrations in broilers." Veterinární Medicína 47, No. 4 (2012): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5813-vetmed.

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An experiment utilizing Cobb-500 male broilers was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin E (d1--to- copheryl acetate) supplementation at various concentrations (0, 62.5, 125, 250, or 500 mg/kg of diet) on performance and serum concentrations of Triiodothyronine (T<sub>3</sub>), Thyroxin (T<sub>4</sub>), Adrenocorticotropine Hormone (ACTH), and some metabolites and minerals in broilers reared under heat stress (32&deg;C). One day-old 150 male broilers were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups, 3 replicates of 10 birds each. The birds received either a basal

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10

Morgan, Hannah L., Fei Sang, Nadine Holmes, Victoria Wright, and Adam J. Watkins. "The sex-specific impact of sub-optimal paternal diet on the placental transcriptome in mice." Placenta 112 (September 2021): e21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2021.07.069.

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11

Ajuogu, Peter Kelechi, Mohammed AK Al-Aqbi, Robert A. Hart, Mitchell Wolden, Neil A. Smart, and James R. McFarlane. "The effect of dietary protein intake on factors associated with male infertility: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of animal clinical trials in rats." Nutrition and Health 26, no. 1 (2020): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0260106019900731.

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Background: Studies have shown that the amount of protein in the diet affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis and sub-optimal quantity reduces male fertility potential in both animals and humans. However, individual research reports on the factors associated with male infertility are collectively uncharacterized. Aim: We systematically reviewed, and meta-analysed animal (rats) studies on the effect of low protein diet on factors associated with male infertility. Methods: PubMed Central, EMBASE and Scopus databases were searched from inception to 30 March 2019 for the study concepts and

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Watkins, Adam. "418 Paternal Programming of Offspring Health." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (2020): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.345.

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Abstract There is now a significant body of human and animal model data identifying common associations between perturbed development during gestation, disproportionate fetal growth and poor adult cardiovascular and metabolic health. Typically, these studies have focused on the impact of poor maternal health on offspring development and well-being. However, a growing evidence base now indicates that sub-optimal paternal factors (such as diet) can also program adult offspring ill-health. While the link between paternal health and offspring well-being is becoming established, attention is being

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13

Christensen, Dirk L. "Diet intake and endurance performance in Kenyan runners." Equine and Comparative Exercise Physiology 1, no. 4 (2004): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ecp200430.

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AbstractTraining and competing at elite as well as sub-elite level requires an optimal functioning of the body. This review looks at the case of the Kenyan runners, who consume a relatively high-quality diet based on vegetable sources with maize and kidney beans as the staple foods. The diet is high in carbohydrate and total protein, but low to borderline in a few essential amino acids. The timing of diet intake – immediately after training sessions – is optimal for skeletal muscle glycogen resynthesis that is enhanced without the help of insulin up to 60 min after cessation of exercise. Wheth

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14

Engelberts, I., K. Sundram, A. C. Van Houwelingen, et al. "The effect of replacement of dietary fat by palm oil on in vitro cytokine release." British Journal of Nutrition 69, no. 1 (1993): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19930018.

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In the present study the effect of replacement of dietary fat by palm oil in the normal Western diet on the in vitro release of the inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-6 andIL-8 was examined. A maximal replacement of 700 g/kg dietary fat was achieved for thirty-eight male volunteers who consumed either a palm-oil diet or a control diet in a double-blind, cross-over study with6-week experimental periods, and 3-week run-in and wash-out periods. At the end of both experimental periods, whole blood was stimulated in vitro with 0.02 (sub-optimal), or 10 ng lipopoly

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15

Prasetyo, L. Hardi. "Heterosis of the crossbred between Tegal and Mojosari ducks under sub-optimal condition." Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 12, no. 1 (2012): 22–26. https://doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v12i1.560.

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Crossbreeding between two different strains or breeds is often done in a livestock production system to take advantage of the heterosis (hybrid vigour) which may resulted from the crossing. The level of heterosis largely depend on the genetic distance betweeen the two parental groups, and is also affected by the environmental condition in which the heterosis would be more significant under less optimal condition. The aim was to evaluate the heterosis level of the crosses between Tegal and Mojosari ducks under stressful environment of low nutritional content (14% protein) in the diet. The exper

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16

Roca-Fernández, Ana Isabel, S. Leanne Dillard, and Kathy J. Soder. "Ruminal fermentation and enteric methane production of legumes containing condensed tannins fed in continuous culture." Journal of Dairy Science 103, no. 8 (2020): 7028–38. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-17627.

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A continuous-culture fermentor study was conducted to assess nutrient digestibilities, volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, microbial protein synthesis, bacterial nitrogen (N) efficiency, and enteric methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) production of four 50:50 grass-legume diets, randomly assigned in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Four legumes with different concentrations of condensed tannins (CT) were tested: alfalfa [ALF;<em> Medicago sativa </em>L., non-CT legume]; birdsfoot trefoil [BFT; <em>Lotus corniculatus</em> L., low-CT legume]; crown vetch [CV; <em>Securigera varia</em> (L.) Las

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17

Morgan, Hannah L., Isaac Ampong, Nader Eid, Charlène Rouillon, Helen R. Griffiths, and Adam J. Watkins. "Low protein diet and methyl-donor supplements modify testicular physiology in mice." Reproduction 159, no. 5 (2020): 627–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-19-0435.

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The link between male diet and sperm quality has received significant investigation. However, the impact diet and dietary supplements have on the testicular environment has been examined to a lesser extent. Here, we establish the impact of a sub-optimal low protein diet (LPD) on testicular morphology, apoptosis and serum fatty acid profiles. Furthermore, we define whether supplementing a LPD with specific methyl donors abrogates any detrimental effects of the LPD. Male C57BL6 mice were fed either a control normal protein diet (NPD; 18% protein; n = 8), an isocaloric LPD (LPD; 9% protein; n = 8

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Sorge, R., M. Waite, S. Totsch, et al. "(272) Behavioral and physiological effects of a newly-developed Sub-optimal American Diet (SAD) in rats." Journal of Pain 16, no. 4 (2015): S44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2015.01.190.

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19

Morgan, Hannah L., and Adam Watkins. "304 The Paternal Programming of Periconception Development." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_3 (2022): 145–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac247.269.

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Abstract There is now a significant body of human and animal model data which identify common associations between perturbed development during gestation, disproportionate fetal growth and poor adult cardiovascular and metabolic health. Typically, these studies focus on the impact of poor maternal health on offspring development and well-being. However, a growing evidence base now indicates that sub-optimal paternal factors (such as diet) can also program adult offspring ill-health. While the link between paternal health and offspring well-being is becoming established, attention is being focu

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20

A, Nuru-Ahmed Faisal, Aryee Paul Armah, and Cupid Adumbireh A. "Sub-Optimal Complementary Feeding Practices and Anaemia of Children 6-24 Months in Tolon District of Northern Ghana." Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences 13, no. 1 (2023): 8. https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9600.23.13.892.

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<strong>Background</strong>: Suboptimal complementary feeding practices have been identified as one of the leading contributors to malnutrition in children within the first 1000 days of life. The most vulnerable period within this time is the complementary feeding period. This stage is usually characterized by increased energy and nutrient demands by the child. The inability of caregivers to respond to these increases eventually leads to underweight, wasting, stunting and micronutrient deficiencies. The main objective of the study was to identify sub-standard complementary feeding practices an

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Capling, Louise, Ryan Tam, Kathryn L. Beck, et al. "Diet Quality of Elite Australian Athletes Evaluated Using the Athlete Diet Index." Nutrients 13, no. 1 (2020): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010126.

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While athletes’ nutrient intakes have been widely reported, few studies have assessed the diet quality of athletes. This is the first study to evaluate the diet quality of athletes using the purpose-built Athlete Diet Index (ADI). A convenience sample of 165 elite athletes from Australian sporting institutions completed the ADI online, with subsequent automated results provided to their respective accredited sports dietitians (ASDs). At the completion of athlete participation, ASDs (n = 12) responded to a range of survey items using a Likert scale (i.e., 1 = strongly agree to 5 = strongly disa

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Dey, Debayan, Ritu Ghosh, Dilip Kumar Das, and Monojit Das. "Minimum Acceptable Diet, Anthropometric Failure and Correlates among Children Aged 6-23 Months in a Rural Area of Murshidabad, West Bengal." National Journal of Community Medicine 15, no. 06 (2024): 468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.55489/njcm.150620243832.

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Background: Minimum acceptable diet (MAD), one of eight core indicators for infant and young child feeding (IYCF), is measured through minimum dietary diversity and minimum meal frequency. MAD is also a determinant for anthropometric failure. We aimed to assess the status of minimum acceptable diet, extent of anthropometric failure and correlates of MAD among children aged 6-23 months in a rural area of Murshidabad, West Bengal. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study in a block during April-July’2023, among 96 calculated sample of children selected through multistage sampling. We us

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Liu, Z. L., D. P. Yang, P. Chen, et al. "Effect of dietary sources of roasted oilseeds on blood parameters and milk fatty acid composition." Czech Journal of Animal Science 53, No. 5 (2008): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/309-cjas.

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The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of supplementing the basal diet with oilseeds on blood parameters and composition of milk fatty acids, especially conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Forty-eight lactating Holstein cows in early lactation were used in a randomized block design. The cows in each group were fed the control basal diet (the control diet) or diets containing roasted soybean (RSB), roasted linseed (RLS), roasted sunflower seed (RSS), hulled roasted peanut (HRP) and roasted cottonseed (RCS), respectively. Milk yield and dry matter intake (DMI) were not significantl

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Kaya Kaçar, Hüsna, Ömer Furkan Kaçar, and Amanda Avery. "Diet Quality and Caloric Accuracy in AI-Generated Diet Plans: A Comparative Study Across Chatbots." Nutrients 17, no. 2 (2025): 206. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17020206.

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: Background/Objectives: With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) in nutrition and healthcare, AI-driven chatbots are increasingly recognised as potential tools for generating personalised diet plans. This study aimed to evaluate the capabilities of three popular chatbots—Gemini, Microsoft Copilot, and ChatGPT 4.0—in designing weight-loss diet plans across varying caloric levels and genders. Methods: This comparative study assessed the diet quality of meal plans generated by the chatbots across a calorie range of 1400–1800 kcal, using identical prompts tailored to male and female profiles

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Barratt, S. M., A. Arnaout, K. E. Evans, J. S. Leeds, and D. S. Sanders. "Sub-optimal gluten free diet adherence in coeliac disease: reinforcing the link between gut inflammation and irritable bowel syndrome?" Gut 60, Suppl 1 (2011): A151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.2011.239301.320.

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Weikart, Daphne, Dan Lin, Radha Dhingra, Laila Al-Shaar, and Kathleen Sturgeon. "Pre-Diagnosis Diet and Physical Activity and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Mortality among Female Cancer Survivors." Cancers 14, no. 13 (2022): 3096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14133096.

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Sub-optimal diet and physical activity (PA) levels have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. The relationship between pre-cancer diagnosis diet quality and PA level on CVD mortality risk in cancer survivors is unclear. We examined the association between pre-cancer diagnosis diet quality and leisure-time PA and their interaction on CVD mortality in cancer survivors. Diet quality was characterized by the Alternative Mediterranean Diet Index (aMED). Leisure-time PA was converted to a metabolic equivalent of task hours per week (MET-h/wk). During a median

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Holtshausen, L., K. S. Schwartzkopf-Genswein, and K. A. Beauchemin. "Short Communication: Ruminal pH profile and feeding behaviour of feedlot cattle transitioning from a high-forage to a high-concentrate diet." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 93, no. 4 (2013): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas2013-073.

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Holtshausen, L., Schwartzkopf-Genswein, K. S. and Beauchemin, K. A. 2013. Short Communication: Ruminal pH profile and feeding behaviour of feedlot cattle transitioning from a high-forage to a high-concentrate diet. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 529–533. Sixteen ruminally cannulated cattle (384±33.9 kg) were transitioned from a high-forage to a finishing diet over 21 d using three steps (+15% concentrate DM wk−1). Following the initiation of each transition step, mean daily ruminal pH declined and DM intake, meal size and meal duration were reduced. Recovery time to baseline feeding behaviour increase

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Ahaotu, E.O., and I. Mbaegbu. "Effects of Water Leaf (Talinum triangulare) Shoot Meal on the Performance of Weaner New Zealand White Rabbits." Greener Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 3, no. 3 (2017): 18–24. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJABG.2017.3.071217084.

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Thirty (30) weaner New Zealand white rabbits of both sexes, made up of fifteen (15) males and fifteen (15) females were used for the experiment to investigate, the performance characteristics and carcass characteristics of weaner rabbits fed five (5) dietary levels of <em>Talinum triangulare</em> shoot meal (TTSM). Treatments 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 received 0, 10, 15, 20 and 25% TTSM, respectively. Results obtained showed that rabbits on T<sub>2</sub> diet achieved the corresponding weight gain (1876.00) while T<sub>1</sub>, T<sub>3,</sub> T<sub>4</sub> and T<sub>5</sub>&nbs

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Todd, Emma, Reem Elnour, Rebecca Simpson, Miguel Castaneda, and Erin R. Shanahan. "Munching microbes: diet–microbiome interactions shape gut health and cancer outcomes." Microbiology Australia 42, no. 2 (2021): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma21026.

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The gut microbiome describes the complex community of microorganisms that populate the gastrointestinal tract. Gut microbes in the large bowel utilise both dietary-derived nutrients, such as host-indigestible carbohydrates (fibre) and excess protein, host-derived nutrients (intestinal mucin), and also interact with the by-products of digestion such as bile acids. They transform these compounds into a series of metabolites that can profoundly shape host physiology both locally and systemically. These metabolites can fundamentally alter host outcomes, promoting either gut health, or sub-optimal

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Simon, Cedric J., Ha Truong, Natalie Habilay, and Barney Hines. "Feeding Behaviour and Bioavailability of Essential Amino Acids in Shrimp Penaeus monodon Fed Fresh and Leached Fishmeal and Fishmeal-Free Diets." Animals 11, no. 3 (2021): 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11030847.

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The complete replacement of fishmeal with terrestrial meals did not have a negative impact on the attractiveness, palatability, and apparent digestibility of the formulation. Shrimp were found on average to eat more and have similar appetite revival on the terrestrial meal-based formulation (TM) diet compared to the traditional fishmeal-based formulation (FM) diet. However, methionine (Met) and lysine (Lys) leached out rapidly from the TM diet, and as a result, this initially overfortified diet showed lower levels of those AA in comparison to FM after 60 min immersion. Both dietary Lys and Met

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Athirarani, M. R., and C. Ramadevi. "Poor Adherence to Healthy Diet as a Risk of Sub Optimal Glycemic Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." International Journal of Nursing Care 4, no. 2 (2016): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2320-8651.2016.00029.6.

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Draycott, Sally A. V., Zoe Daniel, Raheela Khan, Beverly S. Muhlhausler, Matthew J. Elmes, and Simon C. Langley-Evans. "Expression of cholesterol packaging and transport genes in human and rat placenta: impact of obesity and a high-fat diet." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 11, no. 3 (2019): 222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174419000606.

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AbstractEvidence suggests that sub-optimal maternal nutrition has implications for the developing offspring. We have previously shown that exposure to a low-protein diet during gestation was associated with upregulation of genes associated with cholesterol transport and packaging within the placenta. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of altering maternal dietary linoleic acid (LA; omega-6) to alpha-linolenic acid (ALA; omega-6) ratios as well as total fat content on placental expression of genes associated with cholesterol transport. The potential for maternal body mass index (BMI) to b

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Wareham, C. N., J. Wiseman, and D. J. A. Cole. "Nutritive value of zero-tannin, white-flowered and tannin-containing, coloured-flowered field beans (vicia faba L.) for Chicks." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1990 (March 1990): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600019309.

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One of the disadvantages in using field beans (Vicia faba) has been the presence of tannins which form insoluble complexes with proteins, enzymes and carbohydrates. This experiment evaluated zero-tannin, white-flowered varieties and tannin-containing, coloured-flowered ones, in terms of the utilization of energy and nitrogen by broiler chicks.A basal diet was designed to give sub-optimal levels of protein (70% of requirement, ARC 1975). The 5 bean varieties were incorporated into the basal diet at 4 rates (Table 1). Three of these were white-flowered with negligible levels of tannin (Albinette

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Brownlee, Iain A., Jasmine Low, Naageswari Duriraju, et al. "Evaluation of the Proximity of Singaporean Children’s Dietary Habits to Food-Based Dietary Guidelines." Nutrients 11, no. 11 (2019): 2615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112615.

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Dietary habits in children may not only impact current health status but could also shape future, lifelong dietary choices. Dietary intake data in Singaporean children are limited. The current study aimed to define the overall diet quality of Singaporean children using an existing cross-sectional dataset and to consider how demographic factors (i.e., body mass index (BMI) status, ethnicity, age, and sex) were associated with these scores. Existing, cross-sectional dietary data (n = 561 children aged 6–12 years, collected in 2014–2015) from duplicate 24-h recalls were assessed for diet quality

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May, Christina M., and Bas J. Zwaan. "Relating past and present diet to phenotypic and transcriptomic variation in the fruit fly." BMC Genomics 18, no. 1 (2017): 640. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-3968-z.

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<strong>Background: </strong>Sub-optimal developmental diets often have adverse effects on long-term fitness and health. One hypothesis is that such effects are caused by mismatches between the developmental and adult environment, and may be mediated by persistent changes in gene expression. However, there are few experimental tests of this hypothesis. Here we address this using the fruit fly, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>. We vary diet during development and adulthood in a fully factorial design and assess the consequences for both adult life history traits and gene expression at middle and

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Chacko, Susanna, and Panniyammakal Jeemon. "Role of family support and self-care practices in blood pressure control in individuals with hypertension: results from a cross-sectional study in Kollam District, Kerala." Wellcome Open Research 5 (July 28, 2020): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16146.1.

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Background: Despite the availability of effective drugs, blood pressure (BP) control rate is sub-optimal in individuals with hypertension in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The role of self-care in the management of BP is less studied in LMIC settings. Methods: We conducted a community-based, cross-sectional study in individuals with hypertension in Kollam district, Kerala. A multistage cluster sampling method was used for the selection of study participants. We measured self-care by using an adapted Hypertension Self-Care Activity Level Effects (H-SCALE) scale. Descriptive statistic

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Hubert, J., M. Němcová, G. Aspaly, and V. Stejskal. "The toxicity of bean flour (Phaseolus vulgaris) to stored-product mites (Acari: Acaridida)." Plant Protection Science 42, No. 4 (2010): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2770-pps.

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Legume proteins were shown to have insecticidal activity against stored-product pests. Grain enriched by bean (<I>Phaseolus vulgaris</I>) flour inhibits the growth of stored-product mites. In this study, we tested the toxicity of bean flour to storage mites under optimal conditions for their population growth (i.e. rearing diet, temperature: 25C and humidity optimum: 85% RH). Bean flour was added&nbsp; to the diet in one of eight concentrations: 0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10%). The population growth of <I>Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Acarus siro </I>and <I>Ale

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Baxter, E., and A. B. Plowman. "The Effect of Increasing Dietary Fibre on Feeding, Rumination and Oral Stereotypies in Captive Giraffes (Giraffa Camelopardalis)." Animal Welfare 10, no. 3 (2001): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962728600024052.

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AbstractMany captive giraffes perform oral stereotypies, in particular tongue-playing, licking of objects (including conspecifics) and vacuum chewing. Typically, the diet of these large ruminants in captivity consists mostly of food concentrates, which are consumed rapidly and do not provide stimulation for their long, prehensile tongues. In the wild, browsing requires extensive use of this organ but in captivity material upon which to browse is limited. Consequently, vacuum activities, such as mock leaf-feeding behaviour, and stereotypies may develop. Rumination is also a major component of a

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Jain, Ayushi, Muneer Kalliyil, and Satish Agnihotri. "Minimum Diet Diversity and Minimum Meal Frequency – Do They Matter Equally? Understanding IYCF Practices in India." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (2020): 1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa054_084.

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Abstract Objectives Infant and Young Child Feeding practices, mainly, complementary feeding in children between 6 months and two years of age, is found to be sub-optimal and emerge as the weakest link in improving child nutrition outcomes in India. Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD), comprising of two sub-indicator – Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) and Minimum Meal Frequency (MMF), serves as an essential indicator to understand the diet adequacy pattern in children. The objective of this study was thus to investigate the role of MDD-MMF dyad in influencing the nutritional outcomes in children and i

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Afaf Ramadhani, Sri Dewi Wahyuni, Abelya Agusfiranda, Elza Elvania, Nadira Seftiani, and Syahrul Khairati. "Optimization of Nutrition in Supporting Child Growth and Development." INTERDISIPLIN: Journal of Qualitative and Quantitative Research 1, no. 5 (2024): 338–55. https://doi.org/10.61166/interdisiplin.v1i5.67.

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Optimal nutrition is very important to support the growth and development of children, both from the aspect of health, and also their cognitive development. This study aims to explain the important components of nutrients such as micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) and macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats), as well as how they impact children's physical and mental growth, as this research can specifically be a reference for making healthy foods and balanced nutrition. The method of this research is qualitative research, literature study and sub-data from articles and other refe

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Holla, Radha, and Arun Gupta. "HEALTHY FOR WHOM – CONSUMERS OR THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRY?" World Nutrition 10, no. 2 (2019): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.26596/wn.201910276-86.

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Malnutrition, both undernutrition and obesity, with its links to non-communicable diseases, is probably today’s most important public health challenge. Two reports published this year in Lancet, the first being the EAT-Lancet Commission Report and the second being the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Diet Collaborators Report, lay the blame for the increasing burden of NCDs on sub-optimal and unhealthy diets. This commentary focuses on the latter report. That report holds excess intake of sodium as the biggest risk factor, underplaying the role of sugar, trans fats and processed foods. The repor

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Lv, Liangkang, Zhi Feng, Dandan Zhang, et al. "A regression for estimating metabolizable glucose in diets of weaned piglets for optimal growth performance." Animal Bioscience 34, no. 10 (2021): 1643–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ab.20.0459.

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Objective: Two experiments were conducted to provide a new approach for evaluating feed nutritional value by metabolizable glucose (MG) in piglet diets with different levels of starch and crude fiber. In Exp 1, a regression equation for MG was generated. In Exp 2, the equation was verified, and the optimal growth performance of piglets under appropriate MG levels was tested.Methods: In Exp 1, 20 weaned piglets (7.74±0.81 kg body weight [BW]) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments, including the basal diet containing different levels of MG (starch, 25.80%, 31.67%, 45.71%, 49.36%; crude fib

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Strisciuglio, Caterina, Sabrina Cenni, Maria Rosaria Serra, et al. "Effectiveness of Mediterranean Diet’s Adherence in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases." Nutrients 12, no. 10 (2020): 3206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12103206.

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Background: Nutritional support is very important in the treatment of Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The role of the Mediterranean Diet (MD) has been understudied in children with IBD. The aims of this study were to assess the dietary intakes of IBD children in comparison with healthy controls (HCs), their adherence to MD; and the relationship between inflammation and dietary behaviors. Methods: Paediatric IBD patients in clinical remission and HCs were enrolled. The nutritional status and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was evaluated through a 3-day food diary and the Medite

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Fleming, A. E., D. Dalley, R. H. Bryant, G. R. Edwards, and P. Gregorini. "Modelling feeding strategies to improve milk production, rumen function and discomfort of the early lactation dairy cow supplemented with fodder beet." Journal of Agricultural Science 158, no. 4 (2020): 313–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859620000593.

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AbstractFeeding fodder beet (FB) to dairy cows in early lactation has recently been adopted by New Zealand dairy producers despite limited definition of feeding and grazing management practices that may prevent acute and sub-acute ruminal acidosis (SARA). This modelling study aimed to characterize changes of rumen pH, milk production and total discomfort from FB and define practical feeding strategies of a mixed herbage and FB diet. The deterministic, dynamic and mechanistic model MINDY was used to compare a factorial arrangement of FB allowance (FBA), herbage allowance (HA) and time of alloca

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Rooke, J. A., S. Matheson, S. Ison, M. Jack, C. J. Ashworth, and C. M. Dwyer. "The effect on lamb vigour of adding supplementary vitamin E to ewe diets in late pregnancy." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2009 (April 2009): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200029379.

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Neonatal lamb mortality represents both a welfare issue and an important production inefficiency. Approximately 80% of lamb mortality can be attributed to the starvation-mismothering-exposure complex and occurs in the first 3 days after birth. Sub-optimal supply of trace elements and vitamins to the ewe is a potential risk factor in lamb mortality with Se, vitamin E and fatty acids the most likely candidates (Rooke et al. 2008). Responses to vitamin E supplementation above requirement in the last third of gestation are variable probably because of differences between studies in route of admini

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Rama Rao, S. V., M. V. L. N. Raju, A. K. Panda, et al. "Performance, carcass variables and immune responses in commercial broiler chicks fed graded concentrations of threonine in diet containing sub-optimal levels of protein." Animal Feed Science and Technology 169, no. 3-4 (2011): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.06.013.

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Noejovich, V., R. Verma, P. M. Miranda, J. Szeto, E. Verdu, and D. Armstrong. "A106 PATIENTS’ BARRIERS TO OPTIMIZING DIETARY INTERVENTIONS IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD): A DESCRIPTIVE QUALITATIVE STUDY." Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology 8, Supplement_1 (2025): i42. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcag/gwae059.106.

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Abstract Background Diet is a key influence on symptoms and disease activity in IBD patients, but effective dietary intervention relies on patient adherence, which is often sub-optimal in clinical practice and research. Adherence is shaped by individual barriers, beliefs and behaviours that must be addressed when recommending personalized dietary interventions, but these barriers are not well understood for IBD patients. Aims To identify IBD patients’ self-identified barriers to dietary modification and to understand their experiences and expectations for dietary interventions. Methods Adult p

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Boyer, Patricia M., Gabriela E. Compagnucci, María I. Olivera, et al. "Bone status in an animal model of chronic sub-optimal nutrition: a morphometric, densitometric and mechanical study." British Journal of Nutrition 93, no. 5 (2005): 663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20041331.

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In children, inappropriate eating habits can induce a disease known as nutritional dwarfing (ND). Due to the link between nutritional condition and bone growth, the effects induced by a 20 % reduction of food intake on bone competence were assessed in an animal model of ND. Bone status during catch-up growth was also analysed. Male Wistar rats were divided into control (C) and ND groups. C rats were fed ad libitum. ND received 80 % of the diet consumed by C for 4 weeks (T4); thereafter, they were fed ad libitum for 8 weeks. Results, expressed as mean (sem) for ND v. C, were as follows. At T4,

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Youssef, Mohamed, Al Saleem, Fayza Ahmed, Enas Said, Shereen hamid, and Heba Gharib. "The impact of dietary probiotic supplementation on welfare and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)." Open Veterinary Journal 14, (1) (Zagazig Veterinary Confer (2024): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i1.33.

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Background: The usage of commercial probiotic products as alternatives to traditional antibiotics in fish culture is initiated to be a potential factor for Nile tilapia fish’s welfare and growth. Aim: The purpose of the current study is to show the influence of commercial probiotics (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) dietary supplementation at different levels on Nile tilapia welfare and growth. Methods: Apparently healthy fingerlings of Nile Tilapia with a total number of 120 with an average initial weight (26.2±0.3 g) were distributed into 4 groups (each group had 30 fingerlings). The 1st group (G

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Idachaba, C. U., I. Abdullahi, and D. A. Kurtong. "Effect of feed grade acidifiers on total tract mineral retention, intestinal pH and phytate utilization by broiler finisher chickens." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 44, no. 1 (2020): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v44i1.941.

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Mineral chelators such as organic acids have been reported to compete favourably with phytate by forming soluble complexes with feed minerals. Effect of feed grade acidifiers on total tract mineral retention and intestinal pH of broiler finisher chickens was investigated. A total of 300-broiler finisher chickens were assigned to four treatment groups. Each treatment was replicated thrice with twenty chickens per replicate in a completely randomized design. The control treatment (T1 ) was fed the control diet adequate in available phosphorus at 0.5% while other treatments (T2 -T4 ) were fed sub

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