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Journal articles on the topic 'Subaltern literature'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Abdelgawad, Dr Naeema. "Decolonising Subalternity through Effective History in Ishmael Reed’s Yellow Back Radio Broke-Down and Sonallah Ibrahim’s Zaat." IJOHMN (International Journal online of Humanities) 6, no. 1 (February 4, 2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijohmn.v6i1.160.

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In Section One of Manifesto of the Communist Party, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, formulating a comprehensive theory of history, contend: The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles. Freeman and slave, patrician and plebeian, lord and serf, guild master and journeyman, in a word, oppressor and oppressed, stood in constant opposition to one another, carried on an uninterrupted, now hidden, now open fight. (91) Marx and Engels believe that in any society, history marks a conflict between two struggling opposites; noting that the one in the privileged position oppresses the one who is not. Regretfully, that type of struggle never subsides; it seems to be perpetual as it is, sometimes, ‘open’ and, other times, hidden. The same is applied to colonised and ex-colonised countries. However, theirs is not a 'history of class struggles' but of a Master-Subaltern struggle. In this struggle, resisting subalternity is achieved through legitimating the existence of the Subalterns, a process that is realised by urging the colonisers or the colonisers' surrogates to recognise the subalterns' Being, which necessitates admitting not only the existence of the Subalterns, but also being conscious of them as individuals1. This is brought about by occupying a powerful position that is attained through heightening the Subaltern's sense of identity in the course of history. The result is, the paper argues, an active process of decolonising the Self, especially when an 'effective history' comes into existence to pave the way for the Subaltern to achieve self-realisation; as revealed in the Foucauldian thought and, also, the Hegelian and Heideggerian philosophy. The paper aims at analysing the empowerment process of the Subaltern in both Ishmael Reed's Yellow Back Radio Broke-Down (1969) and Sonallah Ibrahim's Zaat (1992) by comparing and contrasting different types of Subalterns as well as colonisers and colonisers' surrogates. The paper also sets out to explore the Subaltern's means of self-projection to acquire a position of power based upon history so as to examine the discourse of history in both African American and Egyptian postcolonial literature.

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2

Lavanya, A., and M. R. Rashila. "Subalterns’ oppression in the Post Colonial Society of Aravind Adiga and Bina Shah." Shanlax International Journal of English 8, no. 3 (June 2, 2020): 71–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/english.v8i3.3164.

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The term ‘subaltern’ identifies and illustrates the man, the woman, and the public who is socially, politically, and purely outside of the hegemonic power organization. Nowadays, Subaltern concern has become so outstanding that it recurrently used in diverse disciplines such as history, psychology, sociology, anthropology, and literature. The notion of subaltern holds the groups that are marginalized, subjugated, and exploited based on social, cultural, spiritual, and biased grounds. The main purpose of this paper is to expose various themes such as oppression, marginalization, the subjugation of inferior people and working classes, gender discrimination, unnoticed women, deprived classes, racial and caste discrimination, etc. It is one of the subdivisions of post colonialism. In this paper, Aravind Adiga and Bina Shah illustrate subalterns through The White Tiger and Slum Child.

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3

Amelia, Dina. "Indonesian Literature’s Position in World Literature." TEKNOSASTIK 14, no. 2 (April 21, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33365/ts.v14i2.55.

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There are two most inevitable issues on national literature, in this case Indonesian literature. First is the translation and the second is the standard of world literature. Can one speak for the other as a representative? Why is this representation matter? Does translation embody the voice of the represented? Without translation Indonesian literature cannot gain its recognition in world literature, yet, translation conveys the voice of other. In the case of production, publication, or distribution of Indonesian Literature to the world, translation works can be very beneficial. The position of Indonesian literature is as a part of world literature. The concept that the Western world should be the one who represent the subaltern can be overcome as long as the subaltern performs as the active speaker. If the subaltern remains silent then it means it allows the “representation” by the Western.

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4

Kholifatu, Arisni, and Tengsoe Tjahjono. "Subaltern dalam Novel Arok Dedes Karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer: Kajian Poskolonial Gayatri Spivak." Stilistika: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra 13, no. 1 (January 29, 2020): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.30651/st.v13i1.3656.

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ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan pengaruh tahta tertinggi dan perlawanan kaum subaltern pada novel Arok Dedes karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer dengan menggunakan teori postkolonialisme Gayatri Spivak. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini mengunakan pendekatan kualitatif karena dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data novel Arok Dedes yang berkisah tentang kudeta di Tanah Jawa. Data penelitian ini adalah kata, kalimat, paragraf, yang terdapat dalam novel Arok Dedes karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer dengan menggunakan teori poskolonial Ggayatri Spivak. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode dokumentasi atau pustaka. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisia deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian adalah pengaruh tahta tertinggi dan perlawanan kaum subaltern pada novel Arok Dedes karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer.Kata kunci: Subaltern, poskolonial, pengaruh tahta, perlawananABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to describe the influence of the highest throne and the resistance of the subalterns on the novel Arok Dedes by Pramoedya Ananta Toer by using the postcolonialism theory of Gayatri Spivak. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The approach in this study using a qualitative approach because in this study used Arok Dedes story novel as data sources which is about a coup in Java. This research data is words, sentences, paragraphs, contained in Arok Dedes novel by Pramoedya Anan ta Toer by using postcolonial Ggayatri Spivak theory. Data collection techniques in this study used the method of documentation or literature . The data analysis technique of this study used descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the study are the influence of the highest throne and the resistance of the subalterns on the novel Arok Dedes by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Keywords: Subaltern, postcolonial, influence of throne, resistance

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5

Satyanarayana, P. "SUBALTERN STUDIES." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 4, no. 4 (April 30, 2016): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i4.2016.2748.

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This paper explores the roots of the term ‘Subaltern’. The form of literature is backed by the history from time to time. The participation of the tribes in revolutions against the then ruling agencies escapes from the history proper. The unwritten languages of the tribes are posing a challenge. They are undermined. The 80 languages have not been brought to the pages of constitution of India. A language spoken by 10, 000 people have to be recognized as a language. There is a dire necessity of the study of folklore. In the multicultural society there is a need for projecting the life-s style and culture of the tribal population. The human rights speak volumes of betterment and welfare of the tribals on the norms of equality, fraternity and liberty. The evaluation of Subaltern studies has been traced right from the past to the present context in the paper to the extent possible. Mahasveta Devi’s visison is presented along with illustrations of her reasoning. The need for emergence of trends is emphasized in view of the humanitarian outlooks. The Telangana and Andhra Pradesh states are taken up for tracing the subaltern element with a few episodes emanating from history and folklore. Thus the retrospects and the prospects gauged in the paper will justify the Subaltern Studies.

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6

Churkin, Mikhail K. "“Subalterns” of Colonization in the Scholarly, Journalistic and Literary Heritage of Nikolai Yadrintsev." Imagologiya i komparativistika, no. 15 (2021): 236–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/24099554/15/14.

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Modern postcolonial studies have developed the definition of internal colonization as a system of regular practices of colonial government and knowledge within the political boundaries of the state. On this scale, relations are formed between the state and its subjects, in which the state treats its subjects as subdued in the course of the conquest, and its own territory as conquered, mysterious, and requiring settlement and “inculturation” from the center. At the same time, the main elements of imperial domination, implemented through coercion, are cultural expansion, hegemony of power, ethnic assimilation within the state borders. The Russian culture of the 19th century formed the plot of internal colonization. It was built around the conflict between the “Man of Power and Culture” and the “Man from the People”. The latter is positioned in the article as a “colonial subaltern” – a disadvantaged, marginalized individual (group) with limited subjectivity. The concept of the subaltern, which is based on A. Gramsci’s idea of hegemony as a variant of voluntary acceptance of relations of domination, suggests that the dominance of the “Man of Power and Culture” is based on the consent of the governed rather than on the methods of violence and genocide. The assertion of the fact that Russia is created through self-colonization and self-sacrifice, and Russian identity is both that of the sovereign and of the subaltern, requires adequate argumentation through rereading and interpreting the plots of internal colonization. In the center of internal colonization are the well-known events of Siberian history: exile and katorga, resettlement, non-Russian question, social life of the borderland, etc. The literary heritage of Nikolai Yadrintsev (articles, poems, feuilletons) provides an opportunity not only to reconstruct the images of “colonial subalternity”, to reconstruct significant episodes of the collective biography of subalterns or to rank them as the indigenous population, old-timers of the region, resettlers from European Russia, but also to hear the voices of the “subalterns” themselves. The postcolonial perspective of the study of the literary works of Yadrintsev, a representative of the liberal segment of the Russian sociopolitical discourse, opens up prospects for identifying the practices and forms of resistance of the voiceless subalterns, the mechanisms of their oppression by both the colonialists and the traditional patriarchal power. When formulating the key findings of the study, the author takes into account that “subalterns”, as a category of the internal colonization process, are initially in double exclusion: their “invisibility” and “inaudibility” is replaced by the right of competing political actors to represent the interests of the subaltern. This invariably creates the danger of perceiving subalterns as coherent political subjects.

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7

Smail, Daniel Lord. "The original subaltern." postmedieval: a journal of medieval cultural studies 1, no. 1-2 (March 2010): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/pmed.2010.19.

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8

Akwanya, Amechi Nicholas. "NIGERIA, THE LITERATURE OF RESSENTIMENT, AND SUBALTERN CULTURE." Alford Council of International English & Literature Journal 03, no. 02 (2020): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37854/acielj.2020.3207.

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9

Barlow, Richard. "Subaltern ethics in contemporary Scottish and Irish literature." Irish Studies Review 22, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670882.2013.872374.

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10

Lestari, Winda Dwi, Sarwiji Suwandi, and Muhammad Rohmadi. "KAUM SUBALTERN DALAM NOVEL-NOVEL KARYA SOERATMAN SASTRADIHARDJA: SEBUAH KAJIAN SASTRA POSKOLONIAL (SUBALTERN IN NOVELS BY SOERATMAN SASTRADIHARDJA: A POST-COLONIAL LITERATURE STUDY)." Widyaparwa 46, no. 2 (January 23, 2019): 178–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/wdprw.v46i2.175.

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The research is originally inspired by the problem occurring on colonial era in Indonesia, especially Java area, which remains social strata differences problem in society i.e. native and colonial. Colonial creates hegemony which makes the native and the exile or known as subaltern. Colonizer portrays an ideology as if it takes side of the native. In contrarily it is as a mean to gain profit for the colonial. The research is based on theory developed by GayatriSpivak who proposes that the subaltern victims are mostly women. The research aims to describe how subaltern effort, especially women, in striving against colonizer oppression and also their culture i.e. Javanese culture. The method used in the research is descriptive method and content analysis technique. The result indicates that female character becomes subaltern as a result of marginalization, labeling, social status discrimination and applied customary law bond. Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh permasalahan yang terjadi pada zaman penjajahan kolonial di Indonesia khususnya di daerah Jawa, yang meninggakan permasalahan adanya pembedaan strata sosial dalam masyarakat yaitu kaum pribumi dan kaum penjajah. Kaum penjajah menciptakan hegemoni yang membuat kaum pribumi seolah-olah hanya sebagai pengikut dan kaum buangan yang lebih di kena dengan kaum subaltern. Penjajah menanamkan ideologi yang seolah-olah berpihak kepada pribumi namun sebaliknya hal itu hanya sebagai sarana agar lebih menguntungkan penjajah. Penelitian ini berdasar pada teori yang dikembangkan oleh Gayatri Spivak yang menyatakan bahwa kaum subaltern yang banyak menjadi korban adalah perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskribsikan bagaimana upaya kaum subaltern khususnya perempuan dalam melawan ketertindasan dari penjajah dan juga budayanya sendiri yaitu budaya Jawa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik analisis isi (content analysis). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa tokoh perempuan menjadi subaltern karena temarginalisasi, mendapat pelabelan, dimiskinkan secara status sosial dan ikatan hukum adat yang berlaku.

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11

Khan, Azeen. "The Subaltern Clinic." boundary 2 46, no. 4 (November 1, 2019): 181–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01903659-7859189.

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“The Subaltern Clinic” considers Frantz Fanon’s political writings alongside his clinical work, most of which he conducted at the Blida-Joinville Psychiatric Hospital in Algeria between 1953 and 1956. The essay considers the political and clinical aspects of Fanon’s work to show how, in his writings, the clinic emerges as a subaltern space, where questions of violence, war, colonial madness, and postcolonial trauma are central.

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12

Sabin, Margery. "In Search of Subaltern Consciousness." Prose Studies 30, no. 2 (August 2008): 177–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01440350802372974.

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Das, Santanu. "The Singing Subaltern." Parallax 17, no. 3 (August 2011): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13534645.2011.584409.

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Rizzo, J. "Can the Subaltern Perform?" Theater 43, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01610775-1815566.

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Sungsik Hong. "The Writings of Subaltern and Reconstruction of National Literature." 한국문예비평연구 ll, no. 38 (August 2012): 263–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.35832/kmlc..38.201208.263.

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Hershatter, G. "The Subaltern Talks Back: Reflections on Subaltern Theory and Chinese History." positions: east asia cultures critique 1, no. 1 (March 1, 1993): 103–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10679847-1-1-103.

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17

Webber, Sabra J. "Middle East Studies & Subaltern Studies." Middle East Studies Association Bulletin 31, no. 1 (July 1997): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026318400034830.

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Despite the physical proximity of the birthplace of Subaltern Studies, South Asia, to the Middle East and despite the convergent, colliding histories of these two regions, scholars of the Middle East attend very little to the Subaltern Studies project or to the work of Subaltern Studies groups. Although certain stances of Fanon and Said, with their focus on cultural strategies of domination and resistance, have a currency in Middle Eastern studies, no literary theorist, folklorist, anthropologist, political scientist or historian in the field of Middle Eastern Studies, so far as I am aware, explicitly draws upon Subaltern Studies with any consistency as an organizing principle for his or her studies. It is the Latin Americanists (and to a lesser degree Africanists) who have been most eager to build on South Asian Subaltern Studies to respond to Latin American (or subsanaran African) circumstances. Perhaps it is time to take a closer look at what Subaltern Studies might contribute to Middle Eastern studies if we were to make a sustained effort to apply and critique that body of literature.

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Osborne, D. "Feminist Stages and Subaltern Sightlines." Contemporary Women's Writing 5, no. 3 (June 9, 2011): 252–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cww/vpr002.

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Saitta, Pietro. "Practices of subjectivity: the informal economies and the subaltern rebellion." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 37, no. 7/8 (July 11, 2017): 400–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-06-2016-0073.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the links between “informal economies” and the concept of “resistance.” The author argues that the petty illegalities of the dominated and subaltern classes should be seen in their connections to the illegalism of the élites and the state. Within this framework, the informal economy is seen as both the outcome of a set of material conditions aiming at the subordinated inclusion of entire classes of citizens, and the mark of the willingness by these same subalterns to evade the bonds imposed on them by the legislations and the social hierarchies. Design/methodology/approach A review of the ethnographical and socio-economical literature on the issue of informality, accompanied by ex-post reflections on pertinent studies conducted in the past by the researcher. Findings Against the dominant public rhetoric, the informal economy is here seen as a particular space of enactment by the dominated and subalterns aimed at self-producing paradoxical forms of inclusion within social contexts characterized by barriers to access integration within mainstream society. It is argued that in consideration of the power relations that structure the “field,” researchers themselves become part of the struggle counterpoising individuals and institutions, and should thus make a choice among the clashing parties. Originality/value The paper draws on a vast body of literature that appears to go in the same direction. However, it radicalizes the instances proposed by previous authors and studies, and draws conclusions concerning the nature of the object and the ethics of research, that are opposed to the prevalent approaches to the subject.

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Thiara, Nicole. "Subaltern Experimental Writing: Dalit Literature in Dialogue with the World." ariel: A Review of International English Literature 47, no. 1-2 (2016): 253–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ari.2016.0003.

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Rajendran, Jayanthi. "Words Unspoken: A Testimonial Discourse of Bama’s Karukku: A Gratification of Self-reflection and Inner Strength of the Subaltern Women." Contemporary Voice of Dalit 12, no. 1 (February 6, 2020): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455328x19898418.

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If untouchability lives, humanity must die. —M.K. Gandhi In this present and current global research scenario, the theme of subaltern has become a household word in regular usage and also in various disciplines other than literature. Literature, on the other hand, represents life in relation to social reality. The word ‘subaltern’ has its origin in the German word which means ‘inferior rank’ or ‘secondary importance’. Julian Wolfreys defines subaltern as a concept: ‘It contains the groups that are marginalized, oppressed and exploited on the cultural, political, social and religious grounds’. Thus, subaltern literature reflects various themes such as oppression, marginalization, gender discrimination, subjugation of lower and working classes, disregarded women, neglected sections of society and deprived classes of the existing society. As De Boland rightly confesses, ‘literature is an expression of society’. Literature in itself embodies life and life is a social reality of society. A writer, who is a member of a society, is influenced by specific social status and receives some degree of social recognition and recompense. Though this may benefit them in one way: it obviously helps them bring to limelight the sufferings and difficult paths the downtrodden tread upon. Thus, this article focuses on the voice of the voiceless in bringing out their voices to be heard in the outer world. In Bama’s Karukku, she testifies her situation of life and narrates her feelings in this small writing. In a world where problems relating to human privileges have been under perilous focus, literary portrayals of the experiences of demoted groups have assimilated great implication. The modern stream in Dalit literature in India is a challenge to bring to prime the experiences of discrimination, inequality, violence, injustice and poverty of the Dalits.

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Arnott, Jill. "Body, text, materiality: Reading the gendered subaltern." Journal of Literary Studies 17, no. 3-4 (December 2001): 161–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02564710108530282.

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Ettlinger, Nancy, and Debangana Bose. "The ordinariness of struggle and exclusion: a view from across the north–south urban ‘divide’." Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society 13, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 509–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsaa014.

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Abstract Comparative literature on subaltern urbanism neglects inequalities among the poor that mimic exclusionary processes to which they have been subjected, what we call ‘scalar imitation’. Using Robinson’s ‘launching’ tactic towards ‘generative comparison’, we identify and explain the evolution of class differentiation within a resettlement colony in Delhi’s periphery, reference ‘glimpses’ of similar processes in literature on subaltern urbanism, and discuss epistemological underpinnings of our analysis. We revise ‘local uniqueness’, which Massey developed early in her career, and adhere to her later topological sensibilities and Foucault’s ‘ascending analysis’. We conclude by highlighting the blurring of worlding and place making processes.

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Yasin, Ghulam, Sajid Waqar, Noveen Javed, and Ahmad Naeem. "ENDURANCE OF THE SUBALTERN: A STUDY OF A THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS BY KHALID HOSSEINI." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 9, no. 3 (June 5, 2021): 745–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2021.9373.

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Purpose of the study: The present research aims to explore the oppressed and marginalized Afghan women who are made subaltern socially and religiously. It further reveals the ability of women to endure the violence and to create the vision of women empowerment through their suppressed bodies. Methodology: The primary data of research relies upon the text of A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khalid Hosseini (2007). Further, it has also been collected from secondary sources like articles and reviews mentioned in the reference list. The selected text is analyzed under the theoretical framework of the theory of subaltern by Spivak (1988), utilizing the content analysis. Main findings: The study dismantles the struggles of marginalized women for their survival and to free them from the suffocating chains of repression and violence. Nana, Mariam, and Laila being the subaltern know the word ‘Endurance’ while living in dilapidated social conditions. They show the degree of resistance and then also unite to stand against societal prominence. Mariam- the harami, sacrifices her life for Laila and Laila becomes the voice of her coming generation who can challenge the subaltern attitude and will speak loudly. Application of this study: Utilizing the theory of subaltern by Spivak, this research answers the question “Can the subaltern speak?” as ‘Yes’. It brings a message if the subaltern group combines and stands against the unjust norms, they will no more remain a subaltern and will be applicable for academicians and researchers as well. Novelty/Originality of this study: The study is distinctive because it explores the literature that portrays the stories of almost every home and corner of the world. Despite passing phases of woman's rights, the female gender is still being suppressed. It also unveils how gender inequality, poor and gender-biased educational systems, the justice system, and constrained or child marriages are being practised.

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Sinha, Chandranshu. "Discovering critical-subaltern voices: an interpretive approach for transforming OD." Journal of Organizational Change Management 31, no. 6 (October 1, 2018): 1295–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-11-2017-0444.

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Purpose The dialogic nature of new organization development practices brought a dramatic shift in relation to the way OD has had been practiced in the past. However, contemporary literature indicates that OD still has to go a long way if it has to play a central role. The purpose of this paper is to speculate for the concerns being raised about OD practices and propose an interpretive approach to fill in the gaps. Design/methodology/approach This paper traces OD’s glorious journey, which began with egalitarian values. This section builds on the dynamics of power and politics which was integral to the OD movement and further reviews and critiques the contributions of new OD approaches that has its foundations in postmodernism and social constructionism. In the second part, the paper discusses the critical perspective and introduces the concept of subaltern to fill in the gaps in new OD approaches. Further, the paper finds a ground to integrate and redefine the boundaries of critical and subaltern studies. Findings The paper proposes an interpretive approach for designing and carrying out OD interventions and introduces the concept of critical-subaltern OD. This approach recognizes the importance to engage with the dialectics or contradictions present between (and within) OD interventions. Through this interpretive approach, the author positions critical-subaltern voices as an integral part of OD interventions and change management. Practical implications The interpretive approach gives an insight into the unacknowledged and unheard socially constructed realities of change and OD practices for sensemaking. The approach would also be instrumental in enhancing the levels of engagement and productivity in unacknowledged and non-dominant employees. Originality/value This paper is a departure from the modern literature of critical management studies and builds on the critical theory on OD. The paper proposes by roping in the benefits of subaltern studies into OD practices. The paper builds ways to include voices of those, who never gain a voice. In brief, toward the end of the paper, the author proposes an interpretive approach and moves toward critical-subaltern OD. Through this interpretive approach, the author positions critical-subaltern voices as an integral part of OD interventions and change management.

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Ahmed, Syed Jamil. "Performing and Supplicating Mānik Pīr: Infrapolitics in the Domain of Popular Islam." TDR/The Drama Review 53, no. 2 (June 2009): 51–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dram.2009.53.2.51.

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Rituals and performances supplicating Mānik Pīr, a Sufi culture-hero venerated in isolated rural pockets of western Bangladesh and southern West Bengal (India), function as “infrapolitics” of the subaltern classes in the domain of “popular Islam.” A substantial segment of popular (“folk”) culture of the subaltern classes articulates disguised ideological insubordination critiquing the dominant classes.

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Ratti, Manav. "Justice, subalternism, and literary justice: Aravind Adiga’sThe White Tiger." Journal of Commonwealth Literature 55, no. 2 (June 15, 2018): 228–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021989418777853.

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This article analyses Aravind Adiga’s Booker prize-winning novel The White Tiger (2008) through the lens of justice: philosophical, legal, and literary. What is justice when its agent is subaltern — disprivileged by both caste and class — and delivers justice to himself? I argue that the fictional representation of class, caste, poverty, and violence can be similar to the structuring and translations of justice. By writing his novel from the perspective of a subaltern character, Adiga joins the call by Dalit critics to reconfigure modernity from the interests of the oppressed and the marginalized. In the process, there can be a rethinking of postcolonial literary criticism from within the postcolonial nation, rather than the established perspective of the postcolonial nation understanding its own colonial oppression. My essay provokes wider insights into the implications for justice and human rights as they are informed and represented by literary fiction, subaltern theory, and deconstructive theory. How can a writer conceive of and represent justice — literary justice — by working within and against philosophical and legal conceptions of justice? The philosophers and theorists I invoke include Drucilla Cornell, Jacques Derrida, Wai Chee Dimock, Emmanuel Levinas, Gayatri Chakravarty Spivak, and Robert Young.

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Hart, Stephen M. "Signs of the subaltern: Notes on nineteenth‐century Spanish American literature." Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies 5, no. 1 (June 1999): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13507499908569483.

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Dayal, Samir. "MANAGING ECSTASY: A subaltern performative of resistance." Angelaki 6, no. 1 (April 2001): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713650373.

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Levinson, Brett. "FEELING, THE SUBALTERN, AND THE ORGANIC INTELLECTUAL." Angelaki 6, no. 1 (April 2001): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713650377.

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Levinson, Brett. "FEELING, THE SUBALTERN, AND THE ORGANIC INTELLECTUAL." Angelaki: Journal of Theoretical Humanities 6, no. 1 (April 1, 2001): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09697250120056774.

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Dayal, Samir. "MANAGING ECSTASY: a subaltern performative of resistance." Angelaki: Journal of Theoretical Humanities 6, no. 1 (April 1, 2001): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09697250120056783.

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Dayal, Samir. "MANAGING ECSTASY: a subaltern performative of resistance." Angelaki: Journal of Theoretical Humanities 6, no. 1 (April 1, 2001): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09697250122199.

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Levinson, Brett. "FEELING, THE SUBALTERN, AND THE ORGANIC INTELLECTUAL." Angelaki: Journal of Theoretical Humanities 6, no. 1 (April 1, 2001): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09697250122649.

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35

Dhillon, Balraj. "Subaltern Voices and Perspectives: The Poetry of Mahmoud Darwish." Illumine: Journal of the Centre for Studies in Religion and Society Graduate Students Association 9, no. 1 (July 23, 2011): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/illumine9120107777.

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This paper examines the complex use of poetry, identity, myth, and history as a subaltern method of resistance. Edward Said, in Culture and Imperialism, argues that the culture of postcolonial resistance manifests itself in literature by pulling away from separatist nationalism—and moves toward a literature that is liberating for humans—a more integrative view of society. This article argues that Mahmoud Darwish’s poetry uses identity, myth, and history to emblematize a collective Palestinian voice. By doing this, Darwish becomes the epitome of Said’s discussion—he resists separatist discourses through this poetry but at the same time resists the hegemonic structures of Israel and the West.

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Okoli, Al Chukwuma. "The phenomenon of Skolombo in Calabar and the challenge of urban subalternism." Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture and Religions 9, no. 2 (October 27, 2020): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ft.v9i2.5.

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This paper examines the phenomenon of Skolombo in Calabar (Nigeria) in relation to the challenge of urban subalternism in that context. This is against the backdrop of the evolution of the Skolombo into a rising urban subaltern category involved in the underworld and ant-social activities. By means of exploratory and conversational discourse that relies on extant literature as well as insights from personal communications, the paper posits that Skolombo phenomenon represents an existential struggle by abandoned and rejected street children who are surviving against structural societal victimization. Away from home, these children have found the streets, not only an inevitable abode but also a space for opportunistic survival. Over the years, they have evolved a pattern of street living characterized, among other things, by restiveness, touting, gangsterism, and criminality. Associated with this pattern of existence is an emerging subaltern identity that highlights a crisis of urbanity in Calabar metropolis of Nigeria. Keywords: Calabar, Skolombo, street living, subaltern identity, urban criminality, urban subalternism

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Mehmood, Sadaf. "Tabooed Subaltern: A Study of Ghulam Abbas’ Reshma and The Women Quarter." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 16, no. 1 (March 8, 2018): 121–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v16i1.119.

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Woman in Pakistan is defined through her body. Throughout her life she bears the burden of family honour and prestige to move in patriarchal society of Pakistan. In such a society where women experience different socio-cultural and economic marginalization, it becomes difficult to articulate oppression of the fallen women who trade their honour and prestige for the sake of money. While challenging the sociocultural standards of honour, the sufferings of their lives are completely neglected within the confinements of hegemonic patriarchy. These socially outcast women are tabooed subaltern who experience the brutalities not as human beings but as objects and commodities. An invisible line is being drawn by the patriarchs between these fallen women and the mainstream society whereby the respectable women devoid of any socio-economic discrimination live and struggle for their survival. To investigate the intricate lives of tabooed subaltern, present study dwells on subaltern theory of Gayatri C. Spivak. This research aims to investigate that how tabooed woman exhibits her agency but remains unheard or silent and how the literary world articulate intricate existence of tabooed subaltern within socio-cultural chains? To examine this, I have selected Ghulam Abbas’ Reshma and The Women’s Quarter which discuss the positioning of tarnished women who are, because of their ruined celibacy, alien to the society where men and women perform their traditional roles with honour and respect. The study is significant to extend and develop Spivak's dealing of socio-cultural silence to identify how literature might form an alternative archive attuned to the complexities of voicing the tabooed subaltern.

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Coronil, Fernando. "Listening to the Subaltern: The Poetics of Neocolonial States." Poetics Today 15, no. 4 (1994): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1773104.

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Warner-Lewis, Maureen. "Affirming the Subaltern: The Contribution of J. D. Elder." Research in African Literatures 40, no. 1 (March 2009): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/ral.2009.40.1.1.

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Bolanos, Alvaro Felix. "The Latin American Subaltern Studies Reader (review)." MLN 118, no. 2 (2003): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mln.2003.0038.

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Punyashloka, Rahee. "Remembering (to forget) English: The crises of world literature in Jotirao Phule’s slavery." Thesis Eleven 162, no. 1 (February 2021): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0725513621990844.

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Discursive history of the English language has been vital to analysing ‘the postcolonial condition’ in the Indian subcontinent, with a broadly overarching emphasis on how English is a ‘usurper language’. Simultaneous to this, however, there exists a hitherto understudied history featuring subaltern, ‘organic intellectuals’ from the lower castes. Not only does this ‘subaltern history of English’ exhibit a more positive affect toward the English language – by invoking its emancipatory potential in an economy of deeply casteist vernacular languages – but it also complicates multiple assertions that the postcolonial apparatus has so far held as a priori. Jotirao Phule’s Slavery/Gulamgiri (1873) is one of the foremost examples of such a position; its preface, which lucidly announces this seemingly unique position, is quite possibly the first explicitly political treatise written in the English language in the history of the subcontinent. This paper highlights the enormous shifts that take place in our understanding of the history of English – and (post)colonial modernity – if we were to (aptly) classify Phule’s preface as a key text in the history of ‘Indian writing in English’. Subsequently, it is argued that Phule’s work crystallizes into a radically alternate – and far more egalitarian – conception of ‘world literature’ contra Tagore’s well-known idea of visva sahitya.

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Sarasola Santamaria, Beñat. "Memoria subalternoak Mikel Peruarenaren nobelagintzan." Revista de lenguas y literaturas catalana, gallega y vasca 23 (December 17, 2018): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/rllcgv.vol.23.2018.23217.

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Artikulu honek Mikel Peruarenaren nobelagintza aztertzen du memoria ikasketen ikuspegitik. Zehazki, memoria subalternoak fikzioaren bidez berreskuratzeko Peruarenak egiten dituen ahaleginak aletzen dira. Hala, alde batetik, euskal memoria hegemonikotik aparte dauden bi pasarte historiko gogorarazten dituzte Ez obeditu inori eta Su zelaiak nobelek; hurrenez huren, Kubako Independentzia Gerra eta Lehen Mundu Gerra. Bietan ere memoria eta identitate subalternoekiko jaidura eta sentsibilitatea sumatzen da. Bestetik, nobelotan, memoria lantzeko ohikoak diren hainbat elementu narratibo aurkitzen ahal dira, zeinak ezinbestekoak diren memoria subalternoen soslaia osatzeko.This article analyses Mikel Peruarena’s novels under memory studies perspective. More precisely, it researches the way Peruarena revives subaltern memories through his fiction. Thus, on one hand, the novels Ez obeditu inori and Su Zelaiak restore two historical chapters that have been forgotten within Basque hegemonic memory; respectively, Cuban War of Independence and First World War. In both cases, it can be seen a sensibility towards subaltern memories and identities. On the other hand, in these novels appear several narrative elements that are common in memory literature, and they are key to complete the subaltern memory character of them.

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Cherniavsky, Eva. "Subaltern Studies in a U. S. Frame." boundary 2 23, no. 2 (1996): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/303808.

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Ogede, Ode S. "Ayi Kwei Armah's Professional Correspondence Unveiling the Ordeals of a Gifted African Author." Matatu 40, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-040001009.

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Drawing on Arma's frustrated, frustrating, frequently acrimonious, and explosively detailed correspondence with editorial and administrative officials at Heinemann Educational Books of London, his British publishers, the present article charts this distinguished writer's ordeal, between 1977 and 1992 , in dealing with metropolitan power. This ordeal centre on his confrontation with what he perceives to be issues of ownership, contract violation, intimidation, criminality, and corporate greed. Tacit in the resulting account is the fact of Arma's dignity, courage, and sense of justified self-worth: the 'subaltern speaks', and refuses to be subaltern.

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Thomas, B. "Parts Related to Wholes and the Nature of Subaltern Opposition." Modern Language Quarterly 55, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 79–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00267929-55-1-79.

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Ramanujan, Anuradha. "The subaltern, the text and the critic: Reading Phoolan Devi." Journal of Postcolonial Writing 44, no. 4 (December 2008): 367–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449850802410481.

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Zamparutti, Louise. "Foibe literature: documentation or victimhood narrative?" Human Remains and Violence: An Interdisciplinary Journal 1, no. 1 (2015): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/hrv.1.1.6.

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This essay analyses the literature on the foibe to illustrate a political use of human remains. The foibe are the deep karstic pits in Istria and around Trieste where Yugoslavian Communist troops disposed of Italians they executed en masse during World War II. By comparing contemporary literature on the foibe to a selection of archival reports of foibe exhumation processes it will be argued that the foibe literature popular in Italy today serves a political rather than informational purpose. Counterpublic theory will be applied to examine how the recent increase in popular foibe literature brought the identity of the esuli, one of Italy‘s subaltern counterpublics, to the national stage. The paper argues that by employing the narrative structure of the Holocaust, contemporary literature on the foibe attempts to recast Italy as a counterpublic in the wider European public sphere, presenting Italy as an unrecognised victim in World War II.

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Maguire, Mariangela, and Laila Farah Mohtar. "Performance and the celebration of a subaltern counterpublic." Text and Performance Quarterly 14, no. 3 (July 1994): 238–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10462939409366086.

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Sierra, Marta. "'Prender de gajo': sujetos trasplantados e imaginarios globales en Luisa Futoransky / 'Prender de gajo': transplanted subjects and global imaginaries in Luisa Futoransky." Kamchatka. Revista de análisis cultural., no. 9 (August 31, 2017): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/kam.9.9564.

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Resumen: La obra de Luisa Futoransky se construye como una “literatura menor” tal como la definen Deleuze y Guattari. Sus poemas y novelas emplean el collage como una forma de “subal-ternizar” el lenguaje literario a fin de cuestionar las grandes narrativas nacionales. Sus textos expresan un pensamiento de fronteras que está traspasado por inquietudes feministas. En el presente trabajo se analiza el modo en que la memoria transatlántica construye el lugar de la “subalternización” en los textos de Futoransky. Por medio de un análisis del uso del collage y otros mecanismos narrativos y poéticos, el trabajo propone leer la obra de Futoransky a partir de una estética desterri-torializadora que se caracteriza por: la disolución del sujeto, el uso del collage, la cita como un mecanismo posmoderno; la estética desfami-liarizadora, el humor y el artificio, y la memoria como la fuente de una estética trasatlántica. El trabajo analiza el modo en que Futoransky explora las tensiones en la relación entre memoria y lugar a partir de un análisis de las tensiones entre lo global y lo local. Palabras clave: Futoransky, literatura menor, subalternización, desterritorlización.Abstract: The works by Luisa Futoransky are representative of what Deleuze and Guattari define as a “minor literature”, a literature that questions the relationship between nation and literary canon. Her novels and poems use collage as a way to represent this “minor literature”, a medium to create a subaltern voice in her literature. Hers is a literature that lives in the borderlands, experiencing the border from a feminist perspective. In this essay, I propose a reading of Futoransky’s works from a transatlantic and subaltern perspective. Her aesthetic project breaks the bonds between language and territory. The main strategies analyzed here are: the dissolution of the subject, the use of collage and quotation as postmodern techniques to destabilize meaning, humor, and a poetic memory that challenges national borders. This paper analyzes how Futoransky explores the tensions between memory and place from the complexities of global and local dynamics. Keywords: Futoransky, Minor Literature, Subalternization, Deterritorialization.

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Picard, Michel. "Beyond Bali. Subaltern Citizens and Post-Colonial Intimacy." Archipel, no. 94 (December 6, 2017): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/archipel.476.

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