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Journal articles on the topic 'Subject of international relations'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Albert, Mathias, and Barry Buzan. "On the subject matter of International Relations." Review of International Studies 43, no. 5 (2017): 898–917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210517000262.

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AbstractThis article deals with the subject matter of International Relations as an academic discipline. It addresses the issue of whether and how one or many realms could legitimately be claimed as the discipline’s prime subject. It first raises a number of problems associated with both identifying the subject matter of IR and ‘labelling’ the discipline in relation to competing terms and disciplines, followed by a discussion on whether, and to what degree, IR takes its identity from a confluence of disciplinary traditions or from a distinct methodology. It then outlines two possibilities that

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2

Yahuda, Michael B. "China and International Relations." Review of International Studies 14, no. 4 (1988): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210500113178.

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These last ten years have witnessed a remarkable development of Chinese academic writing on International Relations. The late Premier Zhou Enlai had recommended the expansion of such studies in 1964 on his return from a tour of Africa after having found the relevant Chinese expertise weak and ill-informed. But the Cultural Revolution of 1966–1976 not only prevented that development, but along with most other intellectuals those few scholars engaged in the subject were humiliated and persecuted. Since 1977, in common with the other social sciences, International Relations has begun to flourish.

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Kanevskaya, Irina V. "Actor in International Relations: A Subject or a State in the Role of a Subject." Общество: политика, экономика, право, no. 4 (April 16, 2025): 36–40. https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2025.4.4.

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The relevance of the article lies in the analysis of the controversial issue of actors in international relations, which regularly arises in scientific circles. Specifically, it aims to resolve the question of whether the true actor in international relations is the individual subject or the state. The central argument posits a dualistic perspec-tive, emphasizing the interdependent nature of individuals and society as essential elements for analyzing in-ternational relations. Conclusion regarding the dual nature of the aforementioned concepts introduces novelty to the methodological framework

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4

Jabri, Vivienne. "Restyling the Subject of Responsibility in International Relations." Millennium: Journal of International Studies 27, no. 3 (1998): 591–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03058298980270031401.

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Tretyak, Vladimir P., and Vitaly G. Smirnov. "Unexpected Subject of International Relations (Corporatocrats Oust Oligarchs)." Noonomy and Noosociety. Almanac of Scientific Works of the S.Y. Witte INID 3, no. 1 (2024): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37930/2782-6465-2024-3-1-58-63.

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The article proposes to test the hypothesis that it is the market power of giant corporations that forms the basis of the global deep state. Therefore, it is not States, but corporations themselves, that are the driver of reducing the sovereignty of states. The latter is often only a personification of the exercise of corporate power.

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Tretyak, Vladimir P., and Vitaly G. Smirnov. "Unexpected Subject of International Relations (Corporatocrats Oust Oligarchs)." Noonomy and Noosociety. Almanac of Scientific Works of the S.Y. Witte INID 3, no. 1 (2024): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37930/2782-618x-2024-3-1-76-83.

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The article proposes to test the hypothesis that it is the market power of giant corporations that forms the basis of the global deep state. Therefore, it is not States, but corporations themselves, that are the driver of reducing the sovereignty of states. The latter is often only a personification of the exercise of corporate power.

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7

SALOID, Stanislav, Serhii KYRYCHENKO, and Oleksandra KHLEBYNSKA. "The state as a subject of private international law." Economics. Finances. Law 2/2024, no. - (2024): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2024.2.12.

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The paper considers various aspects of international cooperation, in particular, the state's participation in civil-law relations that regulate international private law. The authors note that states participate in interstate public-law and civil relations that regulate private international law. The authors pay attention to the peculiarities of the legal status of the state in private legal relations, taking into account its sovereignty and ability to conduct international relations and conclude agreements. Aspects and roles of civil-law relations are considered, such as the state's involveme

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Wood, Nathan. "Republican International Relations." KRITERION – Journal of Philosophy 29, no. 1 (2015): 51–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/krt-2015-290105.

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Abstract Contemporary proponents of republican political theory often focus on the concept of freedom as non-domination, and how best to promote it within a state. However, there is little attention paid to what the republican conception of freedom demands in the international realm. In this essay I examine what is required for an agent to enjoy freedom as non-domination, and argue that this might only be achieved for individuals if one of two possibilities is pursued internationally: either (1) all nations are made equally powerful, such that none may arbitrarily impose its will on another wi

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9

Novikov, Oleg Alekseevich, and Igor' Olegovich Nadtochii. "Metaconfederation as a Subject of Global Law of the Future." Международное право, no. 4 (April 2022): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2644-5514.2022.4.39203.

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The subject of the study of the article presented by the authors are the subjects of that system of global regulatory regulation, which historically is called international law. The object of the study is a variety of connections that develop between the subjects of global relations, regulated on the basis of the principles and norms of the system of international law. The authors propose a gradual departure from the usual names adopted in the modern theory of international law, and, in particular, propose new definitions: "global law" and "metaconfederation". The definitions proposed by the a

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10

Chou, Mark. "The subject of analysis: global cities and international relations." Global Change, Peace & Security 24, no. 2 (2012): 305–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14781158.2012.681199.

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11

Struckman, Luke. "International Relations and the Heterosexual White Christian Male Subject." Geopolitics 22, no. 3 (2017): 740–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2017.1309832.

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12

Bain, William, and Terry Nardin. "International relations and intellectual history." International Relations 31, no. 3 (2017): 213–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047117817723069.

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The history of international thought has traditionally focused on a limited number of canonical texts. Such an approach now seems both naive and parochial. International Relations scholars often read their own ideas into these texts instead of getting ideas from them – ideas that if properly understood have the potential to undermine theirs. By ignoring non-canonical texts, we overlook resources that are not only necessary to establish the historical contexts of canonical writings but that can also help theorists of International Relations to understand their subject better. Judgements of what

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13

Popko, Yevgen. "INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE LAW RELATIONS OF THE STATE: SUBJECTIVE CHARACTERISTIC." Legal Horizons 16, no. 1 (2023): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54477/lh.25192353.2023.1.pp.34-44.

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The article examines the theoretical and legal foundations of the state as a subject of international private law relations and its special status. The author studies the immunity of the state as a subject of private international law and defines the range of relations in which the state may act as a subject of international law. The basis of immunity is considered to be the sovereignty of the state. The author analyzes the main concepts of jurisdictional immunity of states: absolute immunity and functional (limited) immunity, their features and enshrined in international legal acts and nation

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Dryzek, John S., Margaret L. Clark, and Garry McKenzie. "Subject and system in international interaction." International Organization 43, no. 3 (1989): 475–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300033002.

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Recent interest in cognitive approaches to international interaction in general and international regimes in particular has not been matched by development in theory and methodology. This article details a systematic “subjective” approach that seeks to meet this need. Its claims are developed through its comparison with the accomplishments and shortcomings of more established approaches to the study of international interaction and, in particular, microeconomic formal theory. The subjective alternative can model both individual subjects and the systems in which they are participating. As such,

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Bakhin, Sergey V. "Transnational law: The scientific breakthrough of professor Liudmila Nikiforovna Galenskaya." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 13, no. 4 (2022): 1099–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2022.416.

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The article discusses the main provisions of Professor L. N. Galenskaya’s monograph “Legal regulation of transnational relations” published in 2022. The totality set of L. N. Galenskaya’s ideas is characterized as a scientific breakthrough, which makes it possible to explain the correlation of various regulators of international relations — international and transnational law. The article examines the nature of relations regulated by transnational law, the mutual position (relationship) of international, transnational and private international law. The issues of special principles of transnati

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Slychko, S. V. "PECULIARITIES OF THE CUSTOMS AND LEGAL RELATIONS SUBJECTS INVOLVED IN THE MOVEMENT OF GOODS IN INTERNATIONAL POSTAL ITEMS AND EXPRESS MAIL." Constitutional State, no. 52 (December 15, 2023): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2411-2054.2023.52.291726.

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The article is devoted to identifying the specific features of the subjects of customs and legal relations, involved in the movement of goods across the customs border of Ukraine in international postal items and express mail. The customs relations subjects involved in the movement of international parcels across the border can be divided into two main groups: subjects who formulate customs policy in the field of cross-border parcel traffic and subjects who actually implement it through law enforcement activities. In addition, the author notes of the peculiarity of customs and legal relations

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Karaseva, A. "To the question of private-law nature of international organizations." Bulletin of Science and Practice 4, no. 7 (2018): 445–50. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1312449.

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In modern conditions, the economic activity of legal entities is not limited to the limits of one state, and the number of such legal entities is increasing all the time. International organizations, as subjects of private international law, are subject to certain legal norms in their activities. The article deals with the peculiarities of international organization’s participation in civil and economic relations. The specific aspects of international legal entities are studied. The analysis of different approaches to the legal regulation of private law relations with the

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18

Collins, Lawrence. "Foreign Relations and the Judiciary." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 51, no. 3 (2002): 485–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/51.3.485.

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It is not generally appreciated that Francis Mann was not an international lawyer at all by training. His thesis at Berlin University was in company law. It was only after he had been in England for some time that he began to write about private international law,1 and his interest in public international law was developed as a result of his friendship with Sir Hersch Lauterpacht. It was not until 1943 that he published anything about public international law, and in that year he published a substantial article in two parts on the relationship between national law and international law, in whi

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19

Dityatkovsky, M. Yu. "On certain aspects of international and foreign economic relations of local self-government bodies." Law Enforcement Review 8, no. 4 (2025): 83–92. https://doi.org/10.52468/2542-1514.2024.8(4).83-92.

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The subject. This article has been prepared in order to analyze federal and regional legislation in the field of regulation of international and foreign economic relations of local governments, as well as to prepare proposals for its improvement. This article examines the main issues related to the definition of the concept of "international and foreign economic relations of local self-government bodies" and indicates its signs; analyzes the powers of bodies of three levels of public authority in the field of international and foreign economic relations of local self-government bodies and prob

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20

POPKO, YEVGEN, VADYM POPKO, and VIKTOR KALAKURA. "PARTICIPATION OF THE STATE IN INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS (INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY): IMMUNITY ISSUES." AD ALTA: Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 14, no. 2 (2024): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33543/j.140244.3640.

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The article examines current trends in the development of state immunity in international commercial relations. The author characterizes and defines the concept of a commercial transaction while identifying the peculiarities of the state's participation in these relations as a subject of private international law. International legal instruments and national legislation in this area are analyzed. The author substantiates the necessity of applying limited immunity in international private law relations and places special emphasis on court practices.

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21

Sergunin, Alexander, and Fey Gao. "BRICS as the Subject of Study of International Relations Theory." International Organisations Research Journal 13, no. 4 (2018): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2018-04-03.

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22

TISHCHENKO, Y. S. "THEORETICAL PROVISIONS ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC COOPERATION IN THE SYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS." Economics: Theory and Practice 76, no. 4 (2024): 75–83. https://doi.org/10.31429/2224042x_2024_76_75.

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The article studies existing approaches to understanding and defining international economic cooperation, characterizes its key principles, identifies its subject, subject and functional components, highlights the features of cooperation forms, clarifies the types and kinds of cooperation. The issue of the economic nature of cooperation has become relevant in recent decades against the backdrop of globalization processes in the world economy. The purpose of the article is to organize and systematize the theoretical aspects of cooperation as an economic category in the system of international e

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23

Pereira, Joana Castro. "Environmental issues and international relations, a new global (dis)order - the role of International Relations in promoting a concerted international system." Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional 58, no. 1 (2015): 191–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7329201500110.

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Is it possible to talk about the rise of a new global (dis)order founded on the challenges posed by environmental issues? Through the review of the state of the art on the subject, this article analyzes the growing importance of the environment, and natural resources in particular, in international relations; and aims to raise awareness among International Relations scholars to the potential positive impact of the development of the discipline in integration with global environmental change studies.

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24

Eremicheva, Tat'yana V. "INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS IN CONDITIONS OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION." Science and art of management / Bulletin of the Institute of Economics, Management and Law of the Russian State University for the Humanities, no. 4 (2021): 97–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2782-2222-2021-4-97-113.

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During recent years the modern World Economy has undergone colossal changes, which were influenced not only by unexpected situations like a pandemic, but also by various factors and trends. The research is intended to make an attempt for considering the long-established trends in international economic relations in a new aspect of current events and economic integration and the overall economic integration of the labour, industries and capital. Now, in the context of a global pandemic, all states and entire regions are subject to integration. Thus, the purpose of the article is to determine th

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Bardžić, Žikica, Živanka Miladinović Bogavac, Nedeljko Prdić, and Stevo Škrbić. "LEGAL ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS." Oditor 9, no. 3 (2023): 115–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.59864/oditor32305b.

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If description democracy not they are at war between yourself we take like relevant, then we can predict for example, will democratic America to be less hostile in a good mood according to Russia and others democracies rather a table it was Soviet Alliance in time communist system, as and a table will democratic Russia under the same conditions the same to be hostile in a good mood according to democratic America. International politics is not like laboratory science. Controlled experiments do not exist because it is impossible to hold other things constant by looking at one thing that c

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Dergachev, Vladimir. "Geopolitical forecast in an age of global instability. The stakes are bigger than the world." Revista Moldovenească de Drept Internaţional şi Relaţii Internaţionale 18, no. 1 (2023): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.61753/1857-1999/2345-1963/2023.18-1.03.

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In an era of global instability and geopolitical transformation of the world, there are three main subjects of international relations - the USA, China, the Russian Federation and numerous objects for creating centers of “controlled chaos”, including Ukraine, around Taiwan and Israel. An illegal subject of international relations remains in the shadows – American neoconservatives, conditionally playing the role of a “world government”. A feature of all of these actors is their unshakable confidence in victory. Their stakes are greater than the world.

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Avatkov, V., and E. Bronskaya. "Anthropology of the Central Asian Region in the Context of Transport Communications." Russia and New States of Eurasia, no. 3 (2024): 180–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/2073-4786-2024-3-180-193.

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One of the new and promising directions in the study of international relations and world politics is anthropology. The anthropology of international relations, based on the history and sciences studying the behavior of a social organism, provides an opportunity for researchers and practitioners to understand the location of a social subject in a social space, as well as its social viability, which facilitates the consideration of the system of international relations and the behavior of its elements. The anthropological analysis of international relations is subject to specification by sphere

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Berenskötter, Felix. "Deep theorizing in International Relations." European Journal of International Relations 24, no. 4 (2017): 814–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354066117739096.

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This article starts from the observation that International Relations scholars do not agree on what they mean by theory. The declining popularity of grand theory and the celebration of theoretical pluralism are accompanied by the relative absence of a serious conversation about what ‘theory’ is or should be. Taking the view that we need such a conversation, especially given the shallow theorizing of modern scholarship that conflates theory with method, and the postmodern view that abstract narratives must be deconstructed and rejected, this article puts forward the notion of ‘deep theorizing’

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Kosolapov, N. "Topic 6: Theory of International Relations: the Subject of Analysis and the Subject of Theory." World Economy and International Relations, no. 11 (1998): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-1998-11-47-58.

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30

Lu, Yi. "Dialogue Forums as a Subject of International Economic Relations (Using the Eastern Economic Forum as an Example)." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, no. 9 (2024): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/es24824173251.

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31

MIKHAYLENKO, VALERY. "HEURISTIC POTENTIAL OF GENDER THEORETICAL APPROACHES IN THE STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS." History and modern perspectives 2, no. 4 (2020): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2658-4654-2020-2-4-55-62.

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Gender research in international relations is a relatively young branch of scientific knowledge. In Russian science, the largest number of studies is aimed at studying gender balance, gender behavior in the social environment, the changing status of women in modern society. Among the few Russian works dealing with the topic of gender in international relations are the publications of T.V. Zonova. At the same time, gender approaches open up new opportunities for studying the influence of social relations on international relations. They do not replace the role of the main actor - State in inter

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Parkes, Aneta. "International public relations and cross-cultural communication." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas Zarządzanie 18, no. 1 (2017): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2897.

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The article presents the subject of international public relations, which can be defined as a process of communication in which its participants originate from different countries and cultural backgrounds. The differences in cross-cultural communication resulting from the variety of cultures are shown on the grounds of classification of cultures presented by R. Gesteland. Recognition of the basic cultural differences, which determine the process of communication, is a key factor to act efficiently as a Public Relations’ specialist in a multicultural environment.

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Łoś–Nowak, Teresa. "Change as the Subject of Research in the International Relations Science." Polish Political Science Yearbook 37, no. 1 (2008): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2008011.

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34

Williams, Howard. "International Relations and the Reconstruction of Political Theory." Politics 14, no. 3 (1994): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9256.1994.tb00012.x.

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International relations and political theory are generally seen as two distinct disciplines with their afferent methodologies and clusters of problems. This division of labour has in some respects proved useful but may now be too extreme. Political theory and international relations have a common subject matter in political action and state behaviour. The advantages for political theory and international relations in crossing the dividing lines between the disciplines are explored. A case is made for a political theory which is focussed on international relations and an international relations

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35

Brown, Chris. "International theory and international society: the viability of the middle way?" Review of International Studies 21, no. 2 (1995): 183–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210500117619.

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From the perspective of a particular kind of international theorizing, foundational questions about the nature of international society are a central concern. ‘Does the collectivity of sovereign states constitute a political society or system, or does it not? ’ is, according to Hedley Bull, the first of a series of questions that, taken together, constitute ‘Classical’ international relations theory and distinguish it from the ‘Scientific’ approach to the subject. Similar sentiments could be drawn readily from the work of the other authors whose writings collectively make up the International

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Nefedov, B. I. "Legal Frontier in the Regulation of Cross-Border Public Relations." Moscow Journal of International Law, no. 3 (October 29, 2023): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/0869-0049-2023-3-6-16.

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INTRODUCTION. When it comes to regulating cross-border relations, the rules of law of a given state, foreign national laws and international legal norms are/may all be applicable. In their entirety, these norms form a sort of buffer zone between existing legal systems, i.e. create a legal phenomenon that can be called a legal frontier. It is within the framework of this frontier that numerous legal phenomena occur, with the very concept of their existence in recent years being either challenged or blatantly denied.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The provisions of international treaties, the national le

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Kadlubovych, Tetyana, and Oleg Filipnenkov. "CATEGORY OF POLITICAL INFLUENCE IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS." Modern scientific journal 2, no. 2 (2023): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36994/2786-9008-2023-2-16.

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The article notes that modern processes taking place in the world are causing the reformation of the system of international relations, forcing scientists to think about the conceptualization of the concept of "political influence". Any influence is a process whose goal is to change behavior, preferences, positions, feelings and emotions, beliefs, as well as group norms, mass attitudes, and social consciousness. Political influence is one of the varieties of social influence. Political influence is traditionally seen as a manifestation of power. In international relations, the concept of "poli

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APKAEV, DAMIR. "PRIVILEGES OF SUBJECTS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS." LEGAL BULLETIN 1, no. 7 (2022): 32–40. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11185785.

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The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the privileges provided by the norms of international law to consular posts, consular officials and international organizations play a significant role in ensuring the proper performance of the functions assigned to them. The subjects of international relations require the granting of a wide range of privileges to them to carry out their tasks, regardless of any interference from the domestic legislation and courts of the host country or other states. The aim of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the institution of privileges of subjects o

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Davydov, A. "An Approach to the Analysis of Bilateral Relations." World Economy and International Relations 66, no. 9 (2022): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2022-66-9-111-118.

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The article presents an approach to assessment of how independent an international actor can be from the political point of view. The author formulates a coordinate system composed of four spaces (fields) of social communication. The first one is the space of ideological interaction. In this space, governments have a possibility to manipulate the policies of their counteragents via exploiting psychological sentiments in the short term or fortifying specific worldview attitudes in the long run among the peoples in foreign countries. The second is the space of international norms. Unlike on the

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Nataliya Yakymchuk, Ganna Vlasova, Oksana Vaitsekhovska, Petro Tsymbal, and Yuliia Baliuk. "TO THE QUESTIONS OF INTERNATIONAL LEGALITY OF LOCAL COMMUNITY IN THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS." European Cooperation 2, no. 42 (2019): 35–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32070/ec.v2i42.14.

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The article is devoted to the issue of international legal personality of cities as subnational persons. The rapid urbanization of cities, modern processes of decentralization of power in the countries and the growth of economic globalization in the world have led to an increase in the autonomy of subnational individuals (especially such their kind as cities). The sphere of greatest manifestation of such independence is economic, within which, cities are increasingly entering into foreign economic relations not only with foreign legal entities, but also with international intergovernmental org

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CHERKASOV, Stanislav, and Andrii OMELCHENKO. "CONCEPTUALIZING THE SUBJECTIVITY OF GLOBAL LEADERSHIP IN CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THEORY." Філософія та політологія в контексті сучасної культури 16, no. 1 (2024): 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/352437.

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This article, based on an interdisciplinary approach and structural-functional analysis tools, examines the transformation of classical forms of conceptualizing the subjectivity of global leadership in contemporary international relations theory under the influence of new global political realities. It emphasizes that the initial classical positioning of international leadership as the primacy or hegemony of a single state on the international stage is yielding to other political practices that have not yet gained normative consolidation and theoretical conceptualization. It has been identifie

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Balkhaeva, Sayana. "The Legal Status of Regional International Organizations as Third Parties in Accordance with the Law of International Treaties." Journal of Russian Law 27, no. 8 (2023): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.61205/jrp.2023.095.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the principle of pacta tertiis nec nocent nec prosunt (treaties do not create either obligations or rights for third states without their consent) in the law of treaties with respect to regional international organizations. A retrospective analysis of the application of the pacta tertiis principle has shown that its normative formalization in codified acts of the law of international treaties does not fully allow using their regulatory properties in the context of the transformation of international legal order. In recent decades, there are some clear

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Salako, Solomon E. "The Individual in International Law: ‘Object’ versus ‘Subject." International Law Research 8, no. 1 (2019): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ilr.v8n1p132.

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There is uncertainty about the status of the individual in international law. The traditional positivist doctrine of international law is that States are the sole subjects of international law and that the individual is the object. The contemporary approach is that the individual is an original subject of international law and the owner of international individual rights. This approach relies for its justification on areas of international law such as investment protection treaties, intellectual property treaties, international human rights law, individual criminal liability in international l

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Vazhna, Kateryna. "The Concept and Characteristics of the State as a Subject of Public International Law." International Relations: Theory and Practical Aspects, no. 3 (March 10, 2019): 131–42. https://doi.org/10.31866/2616-745x.3.2019.159113.

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States are the main actors of international law and key actors in international affairs. States define the main vectors of the international law development  and have an influence (direct and indirect) on all trends in international life. Currently there is no universal, generally accepted definition of state іn positive international law. The purpose of the article is to analyze the approaches to the definition of the state as a subject of international public law and to outline the definition of the state in accordance with applicable international law and international legal

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Suleimenоv, М. К. "Participation of the state and state bodies in public law and private law relations." Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Law Series” 109, no. 1 (2023): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2023l1/75-85.

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The article analyzes the participation of the state in legal relations as a subject of public and a subject of pri- vate law. It is proved that in public relations the subject of law is only the state, and not state bodies, as is usually stated in the legal literature. The relations of state bodies with each other are intra-subject relations and are governed by special rules of law that are not included in the existing branches of law. With these norms, state bodies are endowed with special legal personality (only for relations between themselves). In in- ternational public relations, the stat

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Vaitsekhovska, O. R. "INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS AS A SOURCE OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL LAW." Constitutional State, no. 43 (October 26, 2021): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2411-2054.2021.43.241000.

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The article under studies is a legal analysis of the international contractual lawmaking in the field of finance. It lays particular emphasis on the role of international financial agreements in forming the international financial order enforcement. The article contains a classification of international agreements, which directly or indirectly aim at regulating financial relations according to the following criteria: 1) the subject of legal regulations; 2) the legal status of the parties that conclude an international agreement; 3) the number of the parties in an international agreement. In ad

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Agustina, Tia, Azhar, Andries Lionardo, Ferdiansyah Rivai, and Yuniarsih Manggarsari. "The Effort of Musi Banyuasin to Gain Interest in the International World." Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks 1, no. 2 (2022): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jpcn.v1i2.20.

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This study investigated the Musi Banyuasin Regency Government’s role as a regional actor in international affairs. Regional governments can develop the region and affect the regional economy thanks to paradiplomacy, one of the phenomena in international relations that seeks to involve international relations actors. This research was grounded in the paradiplomacy theory proposed by Pertti Joenniemi and Alexander Sergunin. This study employed a descriptive qualitative method, aiming to provide a general overview of the subject of study by using data collected in their raw form without applying

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BAGRATYAN, BAGRAT. "International Development of Human Rights." WISDOM 1, no. 1 (2013): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/wisdom.v1i1.5.

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Educational Juridical Norm is solicited by the state power, which is obligatority and formally defined dictation in the form of instruction and recommendation. Being a certain legal circle of social regulation, it is directed towards the adjustment of some type of relations. This kind of definition is applicable in the sphere of education, for the educational relations are a subject of juridical regulations. Not only educational juridical relations are reflected in the above mentioned norm, but also such objectives and problems which are solved by specific legal sphere. Though educational juri

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Vega Gerasenko, A., and A. E. Uzhanov. "International relations between cities in the twinning format." Safety and Reliability of Power Industry 14, no. 4 (2022): 196–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.24223/1999-5555-2021-14-4-196-204.

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The article is an attempt of structuring the problems in international level intercity communications and substantiating PR tools for creating a business core of relations between cities of different state jurisdictions based on town-twinning through developing energy cooperation and creating a nuclear medicine consortium.Ways to achieve the goal, which is to create a town-twinning model on the example of the Austrian capital Vienna and the city of Kirov in the Russian Federation are disclosed, along with the presentation of:– a hypothesis and assessment of opportunities for connecting the cit

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Menkes, Jerzy, and Anna Kociołek-Pęksa. "(R)evolution of the Axiology of Human Rights, Political Freedom and Security as a Determinant of UN Pragmatism." Politeja 18, no. 2(71) (2021): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.18.2021.71.04.

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The state, under the Westphalian order, was both the creator and product of international law which determined its position as the central actor of this system. The norms of international law defined the normative content of the internal security regime, where state security was identical with security as such in international relations. The reality that laid the foundation for this logical syllogism has been subject to gradual transformation that had its climax in the early decades of the 21st century. The states, previously holding monopoly of using force in international relations, which al

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