Relevant bibliographies by topics / Subject-verb agreement

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Academic literature on the topic 'Subject-verb agreement'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Subject-verb agreement"

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Roets, Lois. "GCT Review: Subject/Verb Agreement." Gifted Child Today Magazine 10, no. 3 (May 1987): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107621758701000321.

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Hudson, Richard. "Subject–verb agreement in English." English Language and Linguistics 3, no. 2 (November 1999): 173–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674399000210.

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The paper rejects the standard view according to which every tensed verb in English agrees with its subject in person and number. It argues that person is irrelevant to all verbs except BE, and that past-tense verbs and modals (other than BE) have no number agreement features. It discusses agreement mismatches which reflect the subject's meaning, but rejects the idea that subject–verb agreement may be a semantic rule; it proposes instead a new feature ‘agreement-number’. This extra number feature applies only to the subject of a tensed verb and by default has the same value as the subject's ordinary number, while also allowing various kinds of mismatch (for I and you, and for cases of ‘semantic’ agreement). It also offers analyses of agreement with non-nominal subjects and dummy there, and shows how the analysis for Standard English generalizes easily to a range of variations found in nonstandard dialects. The theoretical basis for the analysis is Word Grammar, whose main advantage is that features are free to be assigned by rule because they are not used in classification.
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King, Ruth. "Subject-verb agreement in Newfoundland French." Language Variation and Change 6, no. 3 (October 1994): 239–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954394500001678.

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ABSTRACTIn Newfoundland French the verb does not agree in number with a plural subject in one particular construction–subject relative clauses–but rather displays default singular marking. Agreement is made with the subject relative pronoun, which does not have a morphological feature for number associated with it. This absence of a number feature results in a form consistently spelled out as homophonous with the third-person singular. Gender agreement transmitted in subject relatives containing a predicate adjective is evidence that number marking is at issue, not agreement in general. An exception to this pattern is the (variable) marking of plural agreement in the il y en a construction, explained in terms that are independent from the analysis of the default singular. Newfoundland French agreement is then compared with data from other French varieties, and the approach taken in this study is compared with those of other studies of grammatical variation.
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Nicol, J. L., K. I. Forster, and C. Veres. "Subject–Verb Agreement Processes in Comprehension." Journal of Memory and Language 36, no. 4 (May 1997): 569–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1996.2497.

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Susfenti, N. Erna Marlia. "STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN USING SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT." Journal of English Language Teaching and Literature (JELTL) 3, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.47080/jeltl.v3i2.967.

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This research was aimed at investigating the Students’ Ability in Using Subject- Verb Agreement and the error made by the students in using subject-verb agreement. The writers was used the deductive approach to minimize the errors on learning grammar process and improving their ability in using subject-verb agreement. The students ability in using subject-verb agreement was categorized into the poor categories with 17 students and followed by very poor categories with 8 students from 34 students are there in the class. This research also found some causes of the students error while learning the grammar structure especially subject-verb agreement. The error occurred while learning subject verb agreement was on intralingua error like, false analogy and misanalysis.
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Hartsuiker, Robert J., Inés Antón-Méndez, and Marije van Zee. "Object Attraction in Subject-Verb Agreement Construction." Journal of Memory and Language 45, no. 4 (November 2001): 546–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmla.2000.2787.

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Aristia, Jane, Alicia Fasquel, Laurent Ott, and Angèle Brunellière. "Understanding same subject-verb agreement differently: ERP evidence for flexibility in processing representations involved in French subject-verb agreement." Journal of Neurolinguistics 63 (August 2022): 101067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroling.2022.101067.

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Duffield, Cecily Jill. "Conceptual effects on agreement: A corpus study of mismatch in English copular constructions." LSA Annual Meeting Extended Abstracts 3 (April 8, 2012): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/exabs.v0i0.575.

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Research on the production of subject-verb agreement has focused on the features of the subject rather than the larger construction in which subject-verb agreement is produced or how the conceptual relationship between subjects and predicates may interact in affecting subject-verb agreement patterns. This corpus study describes subject-verb number agreement mismatch in English copular constructions which take the frame of (SEMANTICALLY LIGHT) N + [REL] + COP + (SPECIFIC) PRED NOM, where the copula reflects the grammatical number of the predicate. Results suggest that speakers make use of conceptual information from the entire construction, and not just the subject, when formulating agreement morphology.
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Feiz, Aazam, and Wind Cowles. "Object attraction effects during subject-verb agreement in Persian." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 4 (May 1, 2018): 742–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021818769567.

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Subject-verb agreement provides insight into how grammatical and semantic features interact during sentence production, and prior studies have found attraction errors when an intervening local noun is grammatically part of the subject. Two major types of theories have emerged from these studies: control based and competition-based. The current study used an subject-object-verb language with optional subject-verb agreement, Persian, to test the competition-based hypothesis that intervening object nouns may also cause attraction effects, even though objects are not part of the syntactic relationship between the subject and verb. Our results, which did not require speakers to make grammatical errors, show that objects can be attractors for agreement, but this effect appears to be dependent on the type of plural marker on the object. These results support competition-based theories of agreement production, in which agreement may be influenced by attractors that are outside the scope of the subject-verb relationship.
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Li, Bingzhi, Guillaume Wisniewski, and Benoît Crabbé. "Assessing the Capacity of Transformer to Abstract Syntactic Representations: A Contrastive Analysis Based on Long-distance Agreement." Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 11 (2023): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00531.

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Abstract Many studies have shown that transformers are able to predict subject-verb agreement, demonstrating their ability to uncover an abstract representation of the sentence in an unsupervised way. Recently, Li et al. (2021) found that transformers were also able to predict the object-past participle agreement in French, the modeling of which in formal grammar is fundamentally different from that of subject-verb agreement and relies on a movement and an anaphora resolution. To better understand transformers’ internal working, we propose to contrast how they handle these two kinds of agreement. Using probing and counterfactual analysis methods, our experiments on French agreements show that (i) the agreement task suffers from several confounders that partially question the conclusions drawn so far and (ii) transformers handle subject-verb and object-past participle agreements in a way that is consistent with their modeling in theoretical linguistics.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Subject-verb agreement"

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Harrison, Annabel Jane. "Production of subject-verb agreement in Slovene and English." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5811.

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This thesis explores the mental representation of subject-verb agreement, and the factors that can affect the determination of agreement in language production. It reports nine experiments that used a task in which participants produced sentence completions for visually presented complex subjects such as “The greyhound which two lively rabbits were tempting”. Such completions typically agree with the head noun (greyhound) as in “A greyhound which two lively rabbits were tempting is jumping” but sometimes agree with the local noun (rabbits) as in “A greyhound which two lively rabbits were tempting are jumping”. The first experiments examined the value of the concept of markedness in subject verb number agreement to see whether it has explanatory power for languages like Slovene with more than two number values. Results from two experiments employing complex sentence preambles including a head noun post modified by a prepositional phrase or a relative clause (e.g., “The nudist(s) near the sand dune(s)”) show that Slovene number agreement differs from number agreement in languages with no dual, but that it is not possible to simply state that the singular is the least marked and the dual the most. I argue that using languages with more complex number systems allows greater insight into the processes of correct and erroneous subject-verb agreement, and shows that it is necessary to dissociate susceptibility to agreement from error-causing status. To conclude, the concept of markedness seems unable to explain my results. Semantic effects in agreement are then examined using two comparison experiments in English. Experiment 3 shows that although English has only a two value system, speakers are sensitive to semantic differences in number. Experiment 4 explores the possible influence of speakers’ native language three-value number system on their two-value second language system. It shows that native speakers of English are more sensitive to semantic number differences in English than Slovene speakers of English. Experiment 5 explores gender agreement in Slovene (which has three genders) and shows that there is a complex pattern of agreement. As with number, there is not just one number value which is problematic: neuter and masculine are most confusable, but masculine errors are also common when feminine agreement would be expected, thus suggesting that speakers revert to two different defaults, masculine and neuter. Finally, the results of four experiments examining number and gender agreement in coordinated phrases are presented. Agreement in such phrases may be resolved (i.e. the verb agrees with the whole subject) but may instead agree with one conjunct. Agreement with one conjunct is affected byword order (agreement with the nearest conjunct is most common), coordinator (e.g., single-conjunct agreement is more common after “or” than “and”) and the gender or number of the conjuncts (e.g., dual number is associated with single-conjunct agreement). Taken together, my results suggest that agreement is affected by a complex interplay of semantic and syntactic factors, and that the effects of a three-valued system are quite distinct from those of a two-valued system.
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RODRIGUES, ERICA DOS SANTOS. "PROCESSING OF SUBJECT-VERB NUMBER AGREEMENT IN SENTENCE PRODUCTION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2006. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=9004@1.

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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
O processamento da concordância de número sujeito-verbo na produção de sentenças por falantes do dialeto culto do português brasileiro é investigado. A dissertação focaliza os chamados erros de atração e seu principal objetivo é identificar os fatores que interferem no processamento da concordância e prover uma explicação psicolingüística que seja compatível com pressupostos do Programa Minimalista da Lingüística Gerativa. Mais especificamente, busca-se examinar: i) as condições que favorecem os erros e as propriedades sintáticas que levam um núcleo interveniente a ser tomado como o controlador da concordância; ii) a interferência de informação morfofonológica de número dos elementos que integram os modificadores do DP sujeito; iii) a interferência de informação semântica de número no estabelecimento da concordância. Ainda como objetivo específico busca-se distinguir em termos estruturais os DPs responsáveis pelos erros de atração daqueles que licenciam uma forma singular ou plural do verbo - as chamadas construções partitivas. Aplica-se uma tarefa psicolingüística envolvendo julgamento de gramaticalidade a fim de investigar diferenças de processamento da concordância entre as construções partitivas e os DPs complexos. A relevância dos tópicos investigados se deve ao fato de estes permitirem uma discussão mais ampla acerca da autonomia do formulador sintático. Parte-se de vasta revisão da literatura, na qual se reportam interferências sintáticas, semânticas e morfofonológicas no processamento da concordância em diferentes línguas. Explicações apresentadas por modelos de produção interativos e não-interativos são discutidas. Inclui-se ainda uma caracterização da concepção minimalista de língua, com o tratamento da concordância como processo de valoração de traços formais, e um modelo de produção de natureza serial, não-interativo, que incorpora um parser- monitorador funcionando paralelamente à formulação dos enunciados - modelo PMP (produção monitorada por parser). Em seguida, reportam-se 5 experimentos com falantes de português. Os resultados indicaram efeito de marcação e de distância linear entre o núcleo do sujeito e o verbo, com mais erros para núcleo do sujeito não-marcado (singular) e linearmente distante do verbo, e efeito de posição estrutural do núcleo interveniente, com maior incidência de erros para os núcleos hierarquicamente próximos do nó mais alto do DP sujeito e núcleos inseridos em PPs argumentos. Um efeito semântico de distributividade associado a efeito de marcação também foi obtido. Quanto a fatores morfofonológicos, a informação de número no determinante (e não no nome) mostrou-se crucial para a identificação do número do DP sujeito. É proposta uma versão ampliada e revista do modelo PMP que unifica explicações para os erros de concordância em termos de uma escala de acessibilidade da representação do DP sujeito pela memória de trabalho e que leva em consideração as expectativas do parser como possível fator de interferência em erros de atração. Essa interferência ocorreria após o parsing do primeiro DP e afetaria a codificação morfofonológica do verbo. Em suma, a tese aqui veiculada é a de que os erros de concordância não ocorrem na computação sintática e que o formulador sintático atua de forma autônoma.
The processing of subject-verb number agreement in sentence production by speakers of the standard dialect of the Brazilian Portuguese is investigated. The dissertation focuses on attraction errors and its main aim is to identify the factors that interfere in agreement processing and to provide a psycholinguistic account, which is compatible with assumptions of the Minimalist Program of Generative Linguistics. This work examines, in particular: i) the conditions that favor attraction errors and the syntactic properties which make an intervenient head to be considered as the agreement controller; ii) the role of morphophonological information on number provided by the DP subject modifiers; iii) the interference of conceptual number in agreement. Additionally, the work intends to distinguish, in structural terms, the DPs responsible for attraction errors from those DPs that allow a singular and a plural form of the verb - the so-called partitive constructions. A psycholinguistic procedure of grammaticality judgment is conducted in order to verify agreement processing differences between partitive constructions and complex DPS. The relevance of these topics is due to the fact that they enable a more comprehensive discussion on the autonomy of the syntactic formulator in language production. An extensive review of the existing literature was carried out and results are reported, concerning the interference from syntactic, semantic and morphophonological factors on agreement processing in different languages. Explanations provided by interactive and non-interactive models are discussed in this work. The minimalist conception of language is presented according to which agreement is described as a feature valuation process and a serial non-interactive production model is characterized, which incorporates a monitoring-parser that works in parallel with speech formulation - PMP model (parser monitored production). A total of 5 experiments with Portuguese speakers are reported. The results show an effect of markedness and linear distance between the subject and the verb, with more errors caused by non-marked (singular) subject heads that are linearly distant from the verb, and an effect of the structural position of the intervenient head, with a large number of errors for intervenient heads that are near to the upper phrasal marker of the DP and for heads which are inserted in PP arguments. A semantic effect of distributivity associated with an effect of markedness was also obtained. As far as morphphonological factors, number information of the determiner (and not of the noun) has shown to be critical to subject number identification. A revised and improved version of the PMP model is proposed that unifies possible explanations for agreement in terms of on an accessibility scale of the DP subject representation in the working memory and that takes into account parser predictions as a possible factor of interference in attraction errors. This interference would occur after the parsing of the DP and would affect the morphophonological encoding of the verb. In sum, the main argument of the thesis is that agreement errors do not occur in the syntactic computation and that the syntactic formulator works autonomously.
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Law, Mei-han Crystal. "The acquisition of English subject-verb agreement by Cantonese speakers." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31627766.

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羅美嫻 and Mei-han Crystal Law. "The acquisition of English subject-verb agreement by Cantonese speakers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31627766.

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Lindelöf, Mona. "Some Swedish students´learning of subject-verb agreement in English." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-27803.

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Persons with Swedish as their first language often find it hard to learn subject-verb agreement when studying English. In Swedish this grammatical difficulty does not exist and it is therefore hard to introduce to learners that have Swedish as their native language.This investigation is based on the texts of 28 ninth graders of whom four were interviewed. My interest was in finding out how the students reflect on their own written work with a focus on subject-verb agreement with a particular focus on the third person singular s.My study shows that the four interviewed students claim that they never reflect on grammar in their spontaneous writing and that they never consciously try to apply rules that they have studied in school through being offered grammatical explanations. Instead they make their grammatical choices intuitively, using their procedural knowledge.
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Nicol, Janet L., Andrew Barss, and Jason E. Barker. "Minimal Interference from Possessor Phrases in the Production of Subject-Verb Agreement." FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615107.

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We explore the language production process by eliciting subject-verb agreement errors. Participants were asked to create complete sentences from sentence beginnings such as The elf's/elves' house with the tiny window/windows and The statue in the eirs/elves' gardens. These are subject noun phrases containing a head noun and controller of agreement (statue), and two nonheads, a "local noun" (window(s)/garden(s)), and a possessor noun (elf's/elves'). Past research has shown that a plural nonhead noun (an "attractor") within a subject noun phrase triggers the production of verb agreement errors, and further, that the nearer the attractor to the head noun, the greater the interference. This effect can be interpreted in terms of relative hierarchical distance from the head noun, or via a processing window account, which claims that during production, there is a window in which the head and modifying material may be co-active, and an attractor must be active at the same time as the head to give rise to errors. Using possessors attached at different heights within the same window, we are able to empirically distinguish these accounts. Possessors also allow us to explore two additional issues. First, case marking of local nouns has been shown to reduce agreement errors in languages with "rich" inflectional systems, and we explore whether English speakers attend to case. Secondly, formal syntactic analyses differ regarding the structural position of the possessive marker, and we distinguish them empirically with the relative magnitude of errors produced by possessors and local nouns. Our results show that, across the board, plural possessors are significantly less disruptive to the agreement process than plural local nouns. Proximity to the head noun matters: a possessor directly modifying the head noun induce a significant number of errors, but a possessor within a modifying prepositional phrase did not, though the local noun did. These findings suggest that proximity to a head noun is independent of a "processing window" effect. They also support a noun phrase-internal, case-like analysis of the structural position of the possessive ending and show that even speakers of inflectionally impoverished languages like English are sensitive to morphophonological case-like marking.
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Beer, Jeffrey Thomas. "Acquisition of subject-verb agreement in pre-pubertal Cantonese students in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50175257.

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Language is probably the greatest thing developed by mankind. Yet few have come to understand how it is acquired. I am one of them. I want to understand how it is acquired, and how students come to understand the important area of subject-verb agreement. The purpose of the research was to gain an understanding of local students whose mother tongue is Cantonese (L1), and what are the factors affecting their acquisition of subject-verb agreement in English. To a lesser degree, it is aimed at gaining an understanding of how language is acquired; to gain an understanding on how second language is acquired; and to gain an understanding of how grammar is acquired. The research was carried out as the author wanted to see if there was a reason why students could not understand subject-verb agreement in English. The author wanted to look at four main reasons. These included biological reasons, physiological reasons, developmental reason, and cultural reason. The research was conducted on children aged six to twelve from two main school streams (public and private) using a quantitative and qualitative survey. The quantitative survey included fifteen missing words, twenty statements, and five sentences to see if students could recognise if the statements were ungrammatical or grammatical. The qualitative survey was conducted with a group of primary four students (aged nine to ten) to gain an understanding of why certain answers were selected and what was the reasoning behind the decisions the participants made. From the researcher, it was discovered there was some level of first language interference, though to the exact degree it was questionable as it could not be determined quantifiably. It was evident from the YoE data that students new to English had the highest number of errors. It was also found that there was no absolute or definitive time or age when subject-verb agreement was evident. However, there was a sharp decrease in the number of errors at both schools at the age of eight. The results also show that culture does influence the learning of English as a second language in Hong Kong. It is not just because Cantonese has no Subject-verb agreement; it also extends to the teaching practices in the classroom and the culture of teaching through grammar. The problems this created became evident in the research.
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Petersson, Helena. "Subject-Verb Agreement in ESL texts : A corpus-based study of Swedish ESL students' written production." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-37331.

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Méndez-Rivera, Nelson José. "Linguistic Outcomes of the Wayuunaiki-Spanish Language Contact Situation." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40732.

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The study of Spanish in contact with Wayuunaiki has received limited attention in generative and variationist analyses. In particular, the possible influence of this indigenous language on some parts of the Spanish language has not been investigated or has been only briefly addressed. This dissertation aims to fill this existing gap by studying two morpho-syntactic variables: (i) the distribution of null and overt subjects (NOS) as portrayed by the Null Subject Parameter and overt subject personal pronoun (SPP) expression as traditionally researched in variationist studies, and (ii) the issue of subject-verb agreement within the theory of features. To carry out these studies, we collected spontaneous data from 27 Wayuunaiki-Spanish bilinguals and five Spanish monolingual speakers. This Spanish monolingual group served as the vernacular benchmark. The NOS and SPP expression are among the most studied topics in Hispanic linguistics, but they have never been systematically researched in Guajiro Spanish. By analyzing these issues in our dissertation, we want to contribute new data to their study and to the properties and factors affecting them, in order to widen the knowledge of how they function in this Spanish language contact situation. In the generative analysis of the null/overt subjects we investigate whether the distinction that occurs in Wayuunaiki between stative and active verbs and the participants’ proficiency in Spanish have an impact on the distribution of NOS in Guajiro Spanish. In the variationist study, a number of independent variables widely believed to constrain variable SPP expression are factored into the investigation to find out how they behave in this particular language contact situation. These variables include person/number, TAM, switch reference, priming effects, etc. The second research topic is subject-verb agreement. This is only investigated from the generative grammar perspective, specifically by employing the concept of features to explain the nature of the subject-verb mismatches produced by the Wayuunaiki dominant Wayuunaiki-Spanish bilinguals. We specifically investigate whether the Spanish conjugation system poses a problem to the bilingual speakers’ ability to produce the native Spanish verb forms vis-à-vis the monolingual cohort and whether this ability is shaped by the participants’ proficiency in Spanish. The results of the three studies contribute to the field of Hispanic linguistics from three different perspectives. The study of NOS adds a new dimension to the pro-drop parameter: the possible role that Wayuunaiki’s double conjugation may play in the distribution of null and overt subject pronouns in Guajiro Spanish. The variationist study provides new data on the topic of SPP expression in a variety of Spanish which, in this specific case, has as contact language an understudied indigenous language. The analysis of the subject-verb mismatches that occur in Guajiro Spanish allows us to differentiate between the status of null and overt subjects with respect to subject-verb agreement and to differentiate between this contact variety and the Colombian vernacular benchmark.
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Safaie, Ebrahim. "Sensitivity to subject-verb agreement in second language sentence processing : evidence from L1 Persian speakers of L2 English." Thesis, University of Essex, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.701425.

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Whereas variability in Second Language (L2) learners' use of Subject-Verb (S-V) agreement is uncontroversial, there is little agreement as to the causes of this variability in both SLA and L2 processing research. Theories differ as to whether this variability is related to a syntactic deficit in the hierarchical feature checking system or to surface realization of inflectional morphology. The purpose of the study is to investigate whether the agreement checking system is impaired in L2 grammar, and what the sources of difficulty are, if this system is not impaired. To explore the above questions, this study investigates the extent to which L2 learners of English are sensitive to S- V agreement errors with thematic verbs and copulas. Proficient Persian speakers of L2 English (i.e., L2 learners) participated in three online speeded grammaticality judgment tasks. Experiment 1 tests whether L2 learners perform more efficiently in S- V agreement with copula be than with thematic verbs (i.e., the suppletive-affixal asymmetry). This has been robustly reported in Second Language Acquisition (SLA) research (e.g., Dulay & Burt, 1973; Lardiere, 1998a, b; Ionin & Wexler, 2002). The findings replicate those of the SLA research. These observations reveal that the agreement checking system is not impaired in L2 grammar; otherwise, L2 learners may not be able to check S- V agreement in copula be. The results also show that L2 learners are likely to have problems with both omission and commission errors. Yet, proficiency seems to be a strong predictor of native-like processing of S- V agreement. To tap into the agreement checking system empirically, experiments 2 and 3 examine the singular-plural mismatch asymmetry. This asymmetry refers to the occurrence of agreement attraction in singular subject-plural local noun configurations (e.g., The key to the cabinets) bu not the reverse pattern (e.g., The keys to the cabinet). This effect has robustly been confirmed in First Language (Ll) research (e.g., Bock & Cutting, 1992; Bock, et al., 1999; Pearlmutter, et al., 1999). Since agreement attraction occurs in the former configuration but not the latter, it has been suggested that the plural attract or in the former hierarchically percolates upwards to the head noun (the key) and overwrites its singular number leading to agreement attraction. In line with this robust effect, the results of experiments 2 and 3 reveal the effect of the mismatch asymmetry in both NSs and L2 learners. The results of these experiments are argued to be partially consistent with the Missing Surface Inflection Hypothesis (MSIH) (Prevost & White, 2000), which asserts that the agreement checking system is not impaired in L2 grammar. However, L2 learners' problems with commission errors do not seem to support the MSIH which considers missing inflection as the source of variability.
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Books on the topic "Subject-verb agreement"

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ill, Currant Gary, ed. Wheel of subject-verb agreement. Edina, Minn: Magic Wagon, 2009.

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Christiansen, Stacy. Subject-Verb Agreement. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jama/9780195176339.021.139.

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Fontanarosa, Phil B., and Stacy Christiansen. Subject-Verb Agreement. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jama/9780195176339.022.549.

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Hall, Pamela, and Gary Currant. Wheel of Subject-Verb Agreement. Magic Wagon, 2009.

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Hagstrom, Paul. Case and Agreement. Edited by Jeffrey L. Lidz, William Snyder, and Joe Pater. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199601264.013.18.

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Children’s use of case and agreement morphology offers a window into the structure of their developing grammatical systems. Children acquiring English commonly produce accusative pronouns in subject position, and use verb forms lacking agreement morphology. The systematic patterns in these errors and correlations between them have been the subject of a great deal of research over the past few decades. This chapter lays out some of the results to date and the theoretical interpretations they have led to, as well as points of debate on methodology. The discussion centers around English, with other languages considered where predictions differ, and the topics include a general overview of the relation of case and agreement, optional/root infinitives, default case, and morphological access.
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Peter. Narration Change, Conversion of Sentences, Use of Punctuations and the Conjugation of Verbs: Subject-Verb Agreement and Others. Independently Published, 2022.

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Bárány, András. Person, Case, and Agreement. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198804185.001.0001.

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This monograph discusses the interaction of person features, case-marking, and agreement across languages, and models the variation using parameters and parameter hierarchies. In both inverse agreement and global case splits, the subject and the object determine the form of the verb or case-marking on its arguments together. After proposing a detailed, novel analysis of differential object marking in Hungarian, it is shown that similar agreement alternations and case splits in other languages can be analysed in a uniform way since they both rely on person. Languages differ in the way they grammaticalize person, however, explaining why in some languages definiteness determines agreement and case-marking, while in others animacy does. In this book, both types are analysed as interactions of hierarchically organized person features and the verb. The approach to person features adopted here captures effects of so-called person or animacy hierarchies in syntax by treating different persons as sets of features with different cardinalities, ordered by subset/superset relations. The author relates this analysis to the interaction of Case and agreement, implements existing generalizations about the alignment of case and agreement and discusses a new one: the analysis predicts exactly the attested types of case and agreement alignment in ditransitive constructions, and rules out an unattested one. The book presents data from eight different language families.
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Bárány, András. Inverse agreement in Hungarian. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198804185.003.0003.

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This chapter turns to object agreement with personal pronouns in Hungarian. Pronouns are interesting because they do not always trigger agreement with the verb: first person objects never trigger object agreement (morphology), and second person pronouns only do with first person singular subjects. It is proposed that the distribution of object agreement is a morphological effect and argues that all personal pronouns do in fact trigger agreement, but agreement is not always spelled out. This means that Hungarian has an inverse agreement system, where the spell-out of agreement is determined by the relative person feature (or person feature sets) of the subject and the object. A formally explicit analysis of the syntax and the morphological spell-out of agreement is provided.
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van der Wal, Jenneke. A Featural Typology of Bantu Agreement. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198844280.001.0001.

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The Bantu languages are in some sense remarkably uniform (subject, verb, order (SVO) basic word order, noun classes, verbal morphology), but this extensive language family also show a wealth of morphosyntactic variation. Two core areas in which such variation is attested are subject and object agreement. The book explores the variation in Bantu subject and object marking on the basis of data from 75 Bantu languages, discovering striking patterns (the Relation between Asymmetry and Non-Doubling Object Marking (RANDOM), and the Asymmetry Wants Single Object Marking (AWSOM) correlation), and providing a novel syntactic analysis. This analysis takes into account not just phi agreement, but also nominal licensing and information structure. A Person feature, associated with animacy, definiteness, or givenness, is shown to be responsible for differential object agreement, while at the same time accounting for doubling vs. non-doubling object marking—a hybrid solution to an age-old debate in Bantu comparative morphosyntax. It is furthermore proposed that low functional heads can Case-license flexibly downwards or upwards, depending on the relative topicality of the two arguments involved. This accounts for the properties of symmetric object marking in ditransitives (for Appl), and subject inversion constructions (for v). By keeping Agree constant and systematically determining which featural parameters are responsible for the attested variation, the proposed analysis argues for an emergentist view of features and parameters (following Biberauer 2018, 2019), and against both Strong Uniformity and Strong Modularity.
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Peter. Study of Subject-Verb Agreement, Narration Change, Use of Punctuation; Including Analysis, Synthesis and Split-Up: Study Through Charts, Division, Explanations and Examples. Independently Published, 2022.

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Book chapters on the topic "Subject-verb agreement"

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Ruday, Sean. "Subject-Verb Agreement." In The Elementary School Grammar Toolkit, 23–34. 2nd edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, 2020.: Eye on Education, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003004950-4.

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Henderson, Leysa. "Subject–Verb Agreement." In Model Writing for Ages 7–12, 190–91. Abingdon, Oxon : New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315144962-35.

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Chapman, Carol. "A subject-verb agreement hierarchy." In Historical Linguistics 1995, 35. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.162.04cha.

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Meisel, Jürgen M., and Maria-José Ezeizabarrena. "Subject-Verb and Object-Verb Agreement in Early Basque." In Generative Perspectives on Language Acquisition, 201. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lald.14.10mei.

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Jong, Jan de. "1 .Elicitation Task for Subject– Verb Agreement." In Assessing Multilingual Children, edited by Sharon Armon-Lotem, Jan de Jong, and Natalia Meir, 25–37. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781783093137-003.

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Jubb, Margaret. "Key points: agreement of verb and subject." In Upgrade Your French, 1–7. Third edition. | Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge,: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351013031-1.

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Mohammad, Mohammad A. "The problem of subject-verb agreement in Arabic." In Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics, 95. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.63.07moh.

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Largy, Pierre, Lucile Chanquoy, and Alexandra Dédéyan. "Orthographic Revision: The Case of Subject-Verb Agreement in French." In Studies in Writing, 39–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1048-1_4.

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Fassi Fehri, Abdelkader. "Distributing Features and Affixes in Arabic Subject Verb Agreement Paradigms." In Research in Afroasiatic Grammar, 79–100. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.202.05feh.

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Hölscher, Christoph, and Barbara Hemforth. "Subject-Verb Agreement in German: Evidence from Production and Comprehension Experiments." In Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics, 279–310. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9618-3_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Subject-verb agreement"

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Flachs, Simon, Ophélie Lacroix, Marek Rei, Helen Yannakoudakis, and Anders Søgaard. "A Simple and Robust Approach to Detecting Subject-Verb Agreement Errors." In Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/n19-1251.

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Lu, Kaiji, Piotr Mardziel, Klas Leino, Matt Fredrikson, and Anupam Datta. "Influence Paths for Characterizing Subject-Verb Number Agreement in LSTM Language Models." In Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.430.

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Pélissier, Maud, Jennifer Krzonowski, and Emmanuel Ferragne. "Effect of proficiency on subject-verb agreement processing in French learners of English: An ERP study." In 6th Tutorial and Research Workshop on Experimental Linguistics. ExLing Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36505/exling-2015/06/0017/000254.

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Enriquez, Andre Angelo I., Eduard James S. Ramos, John Gideon R. Sih, and Luis Antonio Rafael A. Sumilong. "A Study on the Use of Colored Wheels in Teaching Subject-Verb Agreement on Selected Alternative Learning System Students." In 2019 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isecon.2019.8882053.

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