Academic literature on the topic 'Subjective expected utility'

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Journal articles on the topic "Subjective expected utility"

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Zhang, Jiankang. "Subjective ambiguity, expected utility and Choquet expected utility." Economic Theory 20, no. 1 (August 1, 2002): 159–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001990100207.

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Cerreia-Vioglio, S., F. Maccheroni, M. Marinacci, and L. Montrucchio. "Classical subjective expected utility." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110, no. 17 (April 4, 2013): 6754–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1207805110.

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Blavatskyy, Pavlo R. "Probabilistic subjective expected utility." Journal of Mathematical Economics 48, no. 1 (January 2012): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmateco.2011.11.004.

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Klibanoff, Peter, and Emre Ozdenoren. "Subjective recursive expected utility." Economic Theory 30, no. 1 (November 11, 2005): 49–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00199-005-0041-y.

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Pavlov, Yuri, and Rumen Andreev. "Subjective Probability and Expected Utility, A Stochastic Approximation Evaluation." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 3 (October 1, 2011): 491–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/mar2014/155.

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Sugden, Robert. "Reference-dependent subjective expected utility." Journal of Economic Theory 111, no. 2 (August 2003): 172–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0531(03)00082-6.

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Bouyssou, Denis, and Thierry Marchant. "Subjective expected utility without preferences." Journal of Mathematical Psychology 55, no. 6 (December 2011): 457–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmp.2011.08.006.

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Alon, Shiri, and David Schmeidler. "Purely subjective Maxmin Expected Utility." Journal of Economic Theory 152 (July 2014): 382–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2014.03.006.

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Schipper, Burkhard C. "Awareness-dependent subjective expected utility." International Journal of Game Theory 42, no. 3 (March 13, 2012): 725–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00182-012-0321-2.

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NAKAMURA, Yutaka. "Developments of Subjective Expected Utility Theories." Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics 17, no. 6 (2005): 655–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3156/jsoft.17.655.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Subjective expected utility"

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Reina, Livia. "From Subjective Expected Utility Theory to Bounded Rationality." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1140624885934-50567.

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As mentioned in the introduction, the objective of this work has been to get a more realistic understanding of economic decision making processes by adopting an interdisciplinary approach which takes into consideration at the same time economic and psychological issues. The research in particular has been focused on the psychological concept of categorization, which in the standard economic theory has received until now no attention, and on its implications for decision making. The three experimental studies conducted in this work provide empirical evidence that individuals don not behave according to the perfect rationality and maximization assumptions which underly the SEUT, but rather as bounded rational satisfiers who try to simplify the decision problems they face through the process of categorization. The results of the first experimental study, on bilateral integrative negotiation, show that most of the people categorize a continuum of outcomes in two categories (satisfying/not satisfying), and treat all the options within each category as equivalent. This process of categorization leads the negotiators to make suboptimal agreements and to what I call the ?Zone of Agreement Bias? (ZAB). The experimental study on committees? decision making with logrolling provides evidence of how the categorization of outcomes in satisfying/not satisfying can affect the process of coalition formation in multi-issue decisions. In the first experiment, involving 3-issues and 3-parties decisions under majority rule, the categorization of outcomes leads most of the individuals to form suboptimal coalitions and make Pareto-dominated agreements. The second experiment, aimed at comparing the suboptimizing effect of categorization under majority and unanimity rule, shows that the unanimity rule can lead to a much higher rate of optimal agreements than the majority rule. The third experiment, involving 4-issues and 4-parties decisions provides evidence that the results of experiments 1 and 2 hold even when the level of complexity of the decision problem increases.
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Calford, Evan M. "Essays on strategic uncertainty with non-subjective expected utility agents." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58445.

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This thesis contains three distinct chapters that contribute to our understanding of how people respond, both theoretically and in controlled experimental environments, to uncertainty that results from the strategic decisions of others. The standard framework for studying strategic interactions involves agents with Subjective Expected Utility preferences (Savage, 1954) interacting in an environment where, in equilibrium, all strategies are known to all agents. This thesis studies the effects of relaxing preferences to allow for ambiguity aversion, regret minimization, and approximate optimization. The first chapter experimentally investigates the role of uncertainty aversion in normal form games. Theoretically, risk aversion will affect the utility value assigned to realized outcomes while ambiguity aversion affects the evaluation of strategies. In practice, however, utilities over outcomes are unobservable and the effects of risk and ambiguity are confounded. This chapter introduces a novel methodology for identifying the effects of risk and ambiguity preferences on behaviour in games in a laboratory environment. Furthermore, we also separate the effects of a subject's beliefs over her opponent's preferences from the effects of her own preferences. The second chapter studies, experimentally, a simple dynamic entry game in both continuous and discrete time. We introduce new laboratory methods that allow us to eliminate natural inertia in subjects' decisions in continuous time experiments. Using our novel continuous time setting and the standard discrete time setting as benchmarks, we study the effects of inertia (caused by naturally occurring reaction lags) on behaviour. We demonstrate that the observed patterns of behaviour are consistent with standard models of decision making under uncertainty, and that the degree of inertia affects subject responses to strategic uncertainty. The third chapter examines, theoretically, the role of mixed strategies for agents with ambiguity averse preferences. This chapter demonstrates how a well known result from cooperative game theory, that a non-additive measure over a set of states can be equivalently represented by an additive measure over the set of events, can be used to introduce mixed strategies (in an equilibrium preserving fashion) to existing pure strategy equilibrium concepts.
Arts, Faculty of
Vancouver School of Economics
Graduate
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Hartmann, L. "Perceived ambiguity, ambiguity attitude and strategic ambiguity in games." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/35581.

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This thesis contributes to the theoretical work on decision and game theory when decision makers or players perceive ambiguity. The first article introduces a new axiomatic framework for ambiguity aversion and provides axiomatic characterizations for important preference classes that thus far had lacked characterizations. The second article introduces a new axiom called Weak Monotonicity which is shown to play a crucial role in the multiple prior model. It is shown that for many important preference classes, the assumption of monotonic preferences is a consequence of the other axioms and does not have to be assumed. The third article introduces an intuitive definition of perceived ambiguity in the multiple prior model. It is shown that the approach allows an application to games where players perceive strategic ambiguity. A very general equilibrium existence result is given. The modelling capabilities of the approach are highlighted through the analysis of examples. The fourth article applies the model from the previous article to a specific class of games with a lattice-structure. We perform comparative statics on perceived ambiguity and ambiguity attitude. We show that more optimism does not necessarily lead to higher equilibria when players have Alpha-Maxmin preferences. We present necessary and sufficient conditions on the structure of the prior sets for this comparative statics result to hold. The introductory chapter provides the basis of the four articles in this thesis. An overview of axiomatic decision theory, decision-making under ambiguity and ambiguous games is given. It introduces and discusses the most relevant results from the literature.
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Smith, Laura Kay. "A study of several issues related to adolescent alcohol use : parental participation in research, frequent heavy drinking, subjective expected utility and relationships among risk factors /." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148767263159874.

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Rivenbark, David. "UNCERTAINTY, IDENTIFICATION, AND PRIVACY: EXPERIMENTS IN INDIVIDUAL DECISION-MAKING." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2266.

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The alleged privacy paradox states that individuals report high values for personal privacy, while at the same time they report behavior that contradicts a high privacy value. This is a misconception. Reported privacy behaviors are explained by asymmetric subjective beliefs. Beliefs may or may not be uncertain, and non-neutral attitudes towards uncertainty are not necessary to explain behavior. This research was conducted in three related parts. Part one presents an experiment in individual decision making under uncertainty. Ellsberg s canonical two-color choice problem was used to estimate attitudes towards uncertainty. Subjects believed bets on the color ball drawn from Ellsberg s ambiguous urn were equally likely to pay. Estimated attitudes towards uncertainty were insignificant. Subjective expected utility explained subjects choices better than uncertainty aversion and the uncertain priors model. A second treatment tested Vernon Smith s conjecture that preferences in Ellsberg s problem would be unchanged when the ambiguous lottery is replaced by a compound objective lottery. The use of an objective compound lottery to induce uncertainty did not affect subjects choices. The second part of this dissertation extended the concept of uncertainty to commodities where quality and accuracy of a quality report were potentially ambiguous. The uncertain priors model is naturally extended to allow for potentially different attitudes towards these two sources of uncertainty, quality and accuracy. As they relate to privacy, quality and accuracy of a quality report are seen as metaphors for online security and consumer trust in e-commerce, respectively. The results of parametric structural tests were mixed. Subjects made choices consistent with neutral attitudes towards uncertainty in both the quality and accuracy domains. However, allowing for uncertainty aversion in the quality domain and not the accuracy domain outperformed the alternative which only allowed for uncertainty aversion in the accuracy domain. Finally, part three integrated a public-goods game and punishment opportunities with the Becker-DeGroot-Marschak mechanism to elicit privacy values, replicating previously reported privacy behaviors. The procedures developed elicited punishment (consequence) beliefs and information confidentiality beliefs in the context of individual privacy decisions. Three contributions are made to the literature. First, by using cash rewards as a mechanism to map actions to consequences, the study eliminated hypothetical bias as a confounding behavioral factor which is pervasive in the privacy literature. Econometric results support the  privacy paradox at levels greater than 10 percent. Second, the roles of asymmetric beliefs and attitudes towards uncertainty were identified using parametric structural likelihood methods. Subjects were, in general, uncertainty neutral and believed  bad events were more likely to occur when their private information was not confidential. A third contribution is a partial test to determine which uncertain process, loss of privacy or the resolution of consequences, is of primary importance to individual decision-makers. Choices were consistent with uncertainty neutral preferences in both the privacy and consequences domains.
Ph.D.
Department of Economics
Business Administration
Economics PhD
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Reina, Livia. "From Subjective Expected Utility Theory to Bounded Rationality: An Experimental Investigation on Categorization Processes in Integrative Negotiation, in Committees' Decision Making and in Decisions under Risk." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2005. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24667.

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As mentioned in the introduction, the objective of this work has been to get a more realistic understanding of economic decision making processes by adopting an interdisciplinary approach which takes into consideration at the same time economic and psychological issues. The research in particular has been focused on the psychological concept of categorization, which in the standard economic theory has received until now no attention, and on its implications for decision making. The three experimental studies conducted in this work provide empirical evidence that individuals don not behave according to the perfect rationality and maximization assumptions which underly the SEUT, but rather as bounded rational satisfiers who try to simplify the decision problems they face through the process of categorization. The results of the first experimental study, on bilateral integrative negotiation, show that most of the people categorize a continuum of outcomes in two categories (satisfying/not satisfying), and treat all the options within each category as equivalent. This process of categorization leads the negotiators to make suboptimal agreements and to what I call the ?Zone of Agreement Bias? (ZAB). The experimental study on committees? decision making with logrolling provides evidence of how the categorization of outcomes in satisfying/not satisfying can affect the process of coalition formation in multi-issue decisions. In the first experiment, involving 3-issues and 3-parties decisions under majority rule, the categorization of outcomes leads most of the individuals to form suboptimal coalitions and make Pareto-dominated agreements. The second experiment, aimed at comparing the suboptimizing effect of categorization under majority and unanimity rule, shows that the unanimity rule can lead to a much higher rate of optimal agreements than the majority rule. The third experiment, involving 4-issues and 4-parties decisions provides evidence that the results of experiments 1 and 2 hold even when the level of complexity of the decision problem increases.
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Reina, Livia [Verfasser]. "From subjective expected utility theory to bounded rationality : an experimental investigation on categorization processes in integrative negotiation, in committees', decision making and in decisions under risk / vorgelegt von Livia Reina." 2005. http://d-nb.info/979441218/34.

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Books on the topic "Subjective expected utility"

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Kelsey, David. A survey of ignorance or alternatives to subjective expected utility. Cambridge: University of Cambridge Department of Applied Economics, 1988.

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Taliaferro, Jeffrey W. Prospect Theory and Foreign Policy Analysis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.281.

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Prospect theory is one of the most influential behavioral theories in the international relations (IR) field, particularly among scholars of security studies, political psychology, and foreign policy analysis. Developed by Israeli psychologists Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, prospect theory provides key insights into decision making under conditions of risk and uncertainty. For example, most individuals are risk averse to secure gains, but risk acceptant to avoid losses (loss aversion). In addition, most people value items they already posses more than they value items they want to acquire (endowment effect), and tend to be risk averse if they perceive themselves to be facing gains relative to their reference point (risk propensity). Prospect theory has generated an enormous volume of scholarship in IR, which can be divided into two “generations”. The first generation (1990–1999) sought to establish prospect theory’s plausibility in the “real world” by testing hypotheses derived from it against subjective expected-utility theory or rational choice models of foreign policy decision making. The second generation (2000–present) began to incorporate concepts associated with prospect theory and related experimental literature on group risk taking into existing mid-level theories of IR and foreign policy behavior. Two substantive areas covered by scholars during this period are coercive diplomacy and great power intervention in the periphery as they relate to loss aversion. Both generations of prospect theory literature suffer from conceptual and methodological difficulties, mainly around the issues of reference point selection, framing, and preference reversal outside laboratory settings.
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Book chapters on the topic "Subjective expected utility"

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Wakker, Peter P. "Continuous Subjective Expected Utility." In Theory and Decision Library C, 78–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7815-8_5.

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Karni, Edi. "Savage’s Subjective Expected Utility Model." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–5. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_2467-1.

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Karni, Edi. "Savage’s Subjective Expected Utility Model." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 11938–42. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_2467.

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Wakker, Peter P. "Subjective Expected Utility with Nonadditive Probabilities." In Theory and Decision Library C, 107–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7815-8_7.

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Wakker, Peter P. "Continuous Subjective Expected Utility for Arbitrary State Spaces." In Theory and Decision Library C, 92–106. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7815-8_6.

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Khrennikova, Polina. "Quantum-Like Model of Subjective Expected Utility: A Survey of Applications to Finance." In Beyond Traditional Probabilistic Methods in Economics, 76–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04200-4_5.

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Erev, Ido. "The Effect of Explicit Probability Estimates on Violations of Subjective Expected Utility Theory in the Allais Paradox." In Decision Making Under Risk and Uncertainty, 117–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2838-4_14.

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Hammond, Peter J. "Subjectively Expected State-Independent Utility on State-Dependent Consequence Domains." In Beliefs, Interactions and Preferences in Decision Making, 7–21. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4592-4_2.

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"Subjective probability and expected utility without additivity." In Uncertainty in Economic Theory, 124–40. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203358061-10.

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Karni, Edi. "Axiomatic Foundations of Expected Utility and Subjective Probability." In Handbook of the Economics of Risk and Uncertainty, 1–39. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-53685-3.00001-5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Subjective expected utility"

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Yoshimura, Masataka, and Hisaichi Yanagi. "Concurrent Design Implementing Aesthetic Factors." In ASME 1998 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc98/dac-5800.

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Abstract In order to obtain product designs which maximize their appeal to users, a concurrent product design method is proposed in which aesthetic factors are implemented during conventional product design. Subjective attributes, corresponding to aesthetic factors, are evaluated concurrently with analytically obtained objective attributes of the product’s characteristics. The interaction of these subjective and objective attributes, as it relates to the product’s utility and manufacturing cost, is clarified. Then, the solution which has the minimum ratio of manufactured cost relative to the user’s expected product price is selected as the optimum design solution. Applied examples pertaining to robot designs are given, to demonstrate these methodologies.
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Djelassi, A. Chaali, P. Polet, and F. Vanderhaegen. "A comparative study between subjective and objective results of a Predicting Human Behaviour Method based on the Expected Utility and the Iterative learning Control. Application to the Car Driving." In 2006 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2006.384820.

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Gold, Steven, and Sundar Krishnamurty. "Trade-Offs in Robust Engineering Design." In ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/dac-3757.

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Abstract The ever increasing demands for improved performance in engineering design from an overall perspective requires a sophisticated automated design generation strategy that can effectively and efficiently incorporate concepts of uncertainty, quality and robustness into design. Engineering design optimization approaches that typically require modeling the problem in a single objective form become inadequate to address these multiple set of requirements. Instead, this research presents an alternative robust multiple-criteria based design approach. In this approach, decision models are formulated using utility functions that quantitatively represent designers’ subjective preferences and optimal solutions are then determined in a statistical exploration based iterative design of experiment set-up. The resulting Trade-off Based Robust Engineering Design (TRED) method is illustrated with the aid of an example design problem. The results indicate that the TRED approach can be expected to address some of the important issues associated with the engineering design of problems including tolerances, quality control and uncertainties.
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Jensen, John, and Alfred Laforet. "Turbogenerator Spark Erosion Inspection and Repair." In ASME 2011 Power Conference collocated with JSME ICOPE 2011. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2011-55337.

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Spark erosion has re-emerged in a number of air-cooled generator units installed in the United States from 1998 to 2006. The purpose of this technical paper and presentation is to review new inspection & repair methods to help operators to determine the best repair options. To develop better inspection methods one has to understand the root cause for spark erosion in generator stators. The theory of two different spark erosion phenomena is discussed in this paper. Spark erosion caused by capacitive slot discharges (partial discharges) is a well known effect in high voltage (HV) machines and very dangerous in respect to insulation damage. The vibration sparking phenomenon will also be explained, which is different from the partial discharge (PD) effect caused by interruption of current paths. As a next step inspection methods are described. In the past, inspections to identify spark erosion used only the visual method. This method could only provide the subjective opinion of the inspector and was a single input to decide the condition of the generator stator windings and possible life extension (rewind) solution. In order to give the operators more options, Alstom developed advanced electrical test methods to allow a more accurate condition assessment. The result of multiple inspection methods allows a much better understanding of the stator winding condition. Since spark erosion is a process that deteriorates the insulation of the stator bar over time, additional data points (multiple test methods) can help to utilize multiple repair options that will not require complete rewinding of the stator to reach expected reliability of the generator. Alternative repair options are then discussed in the paper.
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