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Journal articles on the topic 'Sublimation printing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Bemska, Jadwiga, and Joanna Szkudlarek. "Surface modification of cotton fabrics for sublimation printing." Autex Research Journal 13, no. 3 (2013): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10304-012-0026-4.

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Abstract The use of sublimation thermal transfer printing onto cotton is not widely practiced because of the lack of disperse dyes affinity for cellulose fibres. The studies were performed onto polymer application on cotton fibres in order to achieve the ability to absorption of sublimating dyes and thus the possibility of making printouts onto cotton. The following parameters were evaluated: whiteness degree after impregnation, the relative strength of colours of the obtained printouts, test washing fastness, and dry and wet rubbing fastness.

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2

Chavan, R. B., and G. Nalankilli. "Sublimation transfer printing of silk." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 107, no. 10 (2008): 370–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1991.tb01279.x.

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3

Kumar, Jeyaraman Anandha, and M. Senthil Kumar. "Optimisation of the Sublimation Textile Printing Process Using the Taguchi Method." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 29, no. 1(145) (2021): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5049.

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In this paper, printing parameters for the sublimation printing of polyester fabrics like the number of strokes, the sublimation paper weight in grams per square metre, the fusing temperature and time were optimised using the Tauguchi experimental design technique. In the evaluations the signal-to-noise ratio was used. Sixteen experiments were performed with respect to the L 16 Orthogonal array design for the Tauguchi approach. The results show a considerable improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio as compared to the initial conditions. Through this study, not only can optimum printing conditions for sublimation printed polyester fabrics be obtained but also the significant factors that affect water vapour resistance.

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4

Chavan, R. B., and M. Hanif Langer. "Sublimation Transfer Printing of Polyester/Cotton Blends." Textile Research Journal 58, no. 1 (1988): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051758805800108.

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Sublimation transfer printing of polyester is a well established technique. For successful transfer printing of PET/cotton blends, however, it is necessary to provide a suitable pretreatment to impart disperse dye affinity to the cotton component. This paper reports attempts to synthesize a crosslinking agent based on the reaction product of melamine formaldehyde/polyethylene glycol 200. The fabric was treated with this product by pad-dry application; curing and transfer printing were simultaneous. The performance of the synthesized product in terms of dye transfer, wash and light fastness, and its effect on physical properties of the transfer printed fabric was compared with the commercial melamine formaldehyde resin.

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5

El-Halwagy, Azza A., Hanan S. El-Sayad, and Mohamed M. El-Molla. "Sublimation Transfer Printing of Cotton and Wool Fabrics." Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 286, no. 10 (2001): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1439-2054(20011001)286:10<618::aid-mame618>3.0.co;2-i.

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6

Brady, P. Rex, Peter G. Cookson, Keith W. Fincher, and David M. Lewis. "Sublimation Transfer Printing of Wool with Metallizable Dyes." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 98, no. 11 (2008): 398–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1982.tb03613.x.

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7

Chavan, R. B., and G. Nalankilli. "Concurrent Sublimation Transfer Printing and Finishing of Silk." Textile Research Journal 61, no. 8 (1991): 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051759106100805.

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8

Datye, Keshav V. "Studies of the Sublimation Transfer Printing Process. Part II - Printing of Carpet Materials." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 96, no. 8 (2008): 434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1980.tb03540.x.

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9

Masri, M. N., A. Hamid, M. Mohamed, M. Mohamad, and S. A. Sobri. "A Novel Innovation Design of Advanced Sublimation Printing Machine." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 765, no. 1 (2021): 012088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/765/1/012088.

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10

Silva, Marcia Cristina, Gilberto Petraconi, Ricardo Rodrigues Ramos Cecci, et al. "Digital Sublimation Printing on Knitted Polyamide 6.6 Fabric Treated with Non-Thermal Plasma." Polymers 13, no. 12 (2021): 1969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13121969.

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The garment industry demands stamping processes that are increasingly more agile and less damaging to the environment. In this scenario, digital printing, with the sublimation transfer printing technique, presents itself as a viable option for synthetic textile substrates. Among the synthetic fibres, polyamide (P.A.) fibres stand out, as they are light, soft, durable, and boast moderate sweat absorption; however, before sublimation, superficial treatment is necessary in order to present good results such as withstanding washing and maintaining colour intensity. This study addresses the surface modification of the PA6.6 textile substrate by activating non-thermal plasma at atmospheric pressure to receive dye through the sublimation method with dispersed dye. The knitted PA6.6 fabric surface treatment was performed with plasma application at atmospheric pressure using air in the Plasmatreater AS400 equipment. The sublimation transfer effects were evaluated by wash fastness and colourimetric tests. To assess the wettability effect of the control and treated samples, a contact angle test was carried out on PA6.6 samples. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) proved the changes in chemical functional groups in the fibres. The results showed a decrease in the contact angle of the textile surface, 4–5 grayscale results for colour change and transfer for washing, and an increase in colour strength. In the FTIR tests, there is an increase in the transmittance value of aromatic, carboxylic groups (C=O, 580 cm−1), amides (N=H, 1630 cm−1), and methyl groups (CH 1369 to 1463 cm−1) as well as the presence of new functional groups in the 3064 cm−1 and 2860 cm−1 bands. These conditions allowed sublimation in the knitted PA6.6 fabric and showed increased colour strength and good wash fastness.

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11

Stojanović, Sandra, Jelka Geršak, and Dušan Trajković. "Compression properties of knitted fabrics printed by sublimation transfer printing technique." Advanced Technologies 10, no. 1 (2021): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/savteh2101046s.

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Compression properties of textile materials are useful for determining fullness, softness, smoothness, and stiffness. In addition, compression parameters have significant influence on fabric hand value and quality of textile materials. The present paper reports a study of the sublimation printing process influence on the change in compression properties of knitted fabrics (polyester, cotton, and cotton/ polyester) intended for sportswear manufacturing. For that purpose, the KES-FB3-A Compression Tester was used for measuring compression parameters of knitted fabrics. The parameters, which contributed to the smallest reduction percentage in compression properties of polyester knitted fabrics were yarn linear density and weight. For cotton-rich knitted fabrics sublimation coating powder was used for paper modification to bond disperse dyes to cotton fibres. The analysis of the results showed that the printing process had a smaller influence on the change of compression parameters of polyesters in relation to cotton and cotton/polyester knitted fabrics. It was noted that the printing process had the effect of thickness reduction for all knitted fabrics to varying degrees. Printing process contributed to small decrease in compressibility and specific volume values for polyester knitted fabrics. The modification process contributed to the significant reduction of the compressibility for cotton (from 34.46% to 47.89%) and cotton/polyester (from 38.81% to 50.75%) knitted fabrics. In addition, reduction in specific volume values range from 41.86% to 44.19% for cotton and from 42.37% to 45.75% for cotton/ polyester knitted fabrics was notted.

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12

SEVES, A., L. VICINI, and L. BASSAN. "A New Method for Sublimation Transfer Printing of Cotton Fabrics." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 95, no. 4 (2008): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1979.tb03469.x.

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13

Chavan, R. B., and A. K. Jain. "The role of ethylene glycols during sublimation transfer printing of cotton." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 104, no. 5-6 (2008): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1988.tb01163.x.

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14

Brady, P. Rex, and Peter G. Cookson. "Evaluation of Some Reactive Disperse Dyes for Sublimation Transfer Printing of Wool." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 97, no. 4 (2008): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1981.tb03577.x.

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15

Lin, Ching Hui, and Chin Mei Lin. "The Study in the Application of Nanotechnology Digital Printing in Clothing Pattern Design." Key Engineering Materials 562-565 (July 2013): 674–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.562-565.674.

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Nanotechnology, in the 21st century, is the biggest driving force in the development of technology and industry, which has its wide range of applications. In traditional industries, nanotechnology can be applied to the development of digital printing ink. Digital printing appears as a new printing technology in the 1990s, the 20th century. And in recent years, along with the trends of a global energy saving and carbon reduction, the concept of producing green products with low-carbon, water saving, energy abating, pollution decreasing attributes has arisen. The introduction of digital printing to textiles brings the speed, flexibility, wide areas of color selection, environmental protection and the potential of cost saving etc; the technology becomes a major breakthrough in the textile printing industry. The industry is committed to the technology of environmental friendly digital printing and goes toward to a new pattern of bright future in fashion design. While the globe puts effort to develop digital printing, the core technology should not only focuses on how to come up with high-speed, large amount, low-cost machines, but also the R & D to the making and applications of digital printing, which has a great impact on digital printing quality. At the present, the digital printing ink of the reactive ink / acidic ink is applied to cotton fabrics and the fabrics containing hemp content. The printing process is from the fabric pretreatment → inkjet printing →solid color processing → washing → drying. Moreover, sublimation transfer ink is applied to fabrics containing polyester fiber content; but it cannot be fully colored the fabrics of general 100% cotton and silk, which is the biggest drawback of this sublimation transfer ink. Therefore, this study, primarily through the Nanotechnology with green environmental protection and reduction of carbon from Mimaki Engineering Co., Ltd., captures the moral of the cultural patterns of the local characteristics by the techniques of changing, modeling, designing, and arranging on the patterns of dress design. And it uses computer graphics software, Adobe Photoshop & Illustrator, to draw and trim the separate pattern and the foursquare consecutive pattern for the completion of fashion pattern designs. And it applies the features of the nano pigment ink on the fabrics of cotton, hemp, silk, and polyester fiber to interpret the artistic style of the local through digitized programming language. The importing of nanotechnology refills new sources of industrial competition. This study expects to explore the nanotechnology digital printing and combine with the design of the clothing pattern transforming on the designs, grinding pigment molecules to nano ultra-fine level with reduced light scattering phenomena and good light purity. Fully demonstrating the features of natural bright color, the endurance of pigment water and the light fastness will be able to create a lager space of application and market in the digital printing industry.

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16

Dixit, Bharat C., and Hitendra M. Patel. "Synthesis, Characterization and Printing Application of Solvent Dyes Based on 2-Hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone." E-Journal of Chemistry 8, no. 2 (2011): 615–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/862929.

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Solvent dyes have been prepared by the coupling of diazo solution of different aromatic amines with 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone. The resultant dyes were characterized by elemental analysis as well as IR and1H NMR spectral studies. The UV-Visible spectral data have also been discussed in terms of structure property relationship. The printing of all the dyes on cotton fiber was monitored. The result shows that better hue was obtained on printing on cotton fiber and it is resulted in yellow to reddish brown colorations which showed a good fastness to light, with poor to good fastness to washing, perspiration and sublimation, however it shows poor rubbing fastness.

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17

Chang, Shiau-Yin Peggy, and Yu-Chou Chao. "Microemulsion polymerization of microlatex in sublimation ink for cotton fabric ink jet printing." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 122, no. 3 (2011): 1872–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.34303.

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18

Glombikova, Viera, and Petra Komarkova. "Study on the Impact of Dye – Sublimation Printing on the Eff ectiveness of Underwear." Tekstilec 57, no. 2 (2014): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14502/tekstilec2014.57.133-138.

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19

sang-jin yoon and KimChiKyoon. "Improvement of Manufacturing Process of Sublimation Transfer Printing by Applying Conveyor System and Hot Plate Pressing." Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology 15, no. 6 (2013): 1033–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17958/ksmt.15.6.201312.1033.

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20

Chavan, R. B., and A. K. Jain. "The importance of film thickener structure, dye vapour pressure and solubility parameter in sublimation transfer printing." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 105, no. 2 (2008): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1989.tb01195.x.

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21

Choi, Gyung-Me, and Ki-Hoon Kim. "A study of the color reproducibility and color fastness of digital textile printing for nylon sublimation transfer." Research Journal of the Costume Culture 26, no. 5 (2018): 754–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.29049/rjcc.2018.26.5.754.

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22

Mackenzie, John M. "Digital Imaging: Emerging Technologies." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (2001): 824–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600030191.

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This invited paper will address several emerging technologies that have an impact on scientists moving into digital imaging technology and raise a few concerns about this digital technology that may not have reached our group.The quality of inkjet printers has moved forward at a staggering rate. The latest printers from Epson (the 900 series) have achieved a milestone in image quality that is very significant and yet is difficult to find in the specification sheet. The “dots” which the company claims can be as small as 3 picoliters are sufficiently small that they cannot be seen with the naked eye. with an improved algorithm, the image quality in 1440 × 720 mode is as good as any dye-sublimation printer. The current 980 when printing in 1440 mode prints at twice the speed as the older 900. At only $250, it actually becomes cost effective to replace 900's with 980's solely based on the amount of time that is saved (even at a University).

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23

Gaffer, Hatem, Mounir Salem, and Magda Marzouk. "Synthesis of 4-hydroxy coumarin dyes and their applications." Pigment & Resin Technology 45, no. 5 (2016): 320–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-09-2014-0071.

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Purpose The present study aims to focus on the possibility of developing new eco-friendly azo dyes with good colouristic application properties, exhibiting biological and pharmacological activities. Design/methodology/approach Coupling of 4-hydroxycoumarin with a variety of aromatic diazonium salts of 2-aminothiazole, 2-aminobenzothiazole, 4-aminoantipyrine, 4-aminoacetophenone, adenine sulphate, a-naphthylamine and sulphadimidine to produce novel azo dyes. The compounds were fully characterised using spectroscopic and analytical methods. All of the compounds were tested for their antimicrobial, anticancer and antioxidant activities. The prepared dyestuffs were dyed on polyester fabrics and subsequently their dyeing properties, light, washing, perspiration, rubbing and sublimation fastness were determined. Findings The spectroscopic data of the synthesised compounds have provided decisive evidence that such compounds exist in the solid state as the azo-dike to form C and in solution in equilibrium tautomer forms A, B and D. The prepared dyestuffs are suitable for either heat transfer printing or traditional printing on polyester and nylon 6 fabrics. The prints obtained from the dyes possess high colour strength, as well as good overall fastness properties. Also the synthesised compounds exhibit good biological and pharmacology activity. Research limitations/implications Synthesis of these seven azo dyes for textile dyeing had never been reported previously. Practical implications The dyestuffs derived from 4-hydroxycoumarin are reasonable azo disperse dyestuffs giving good all round fastness properties on polyester fabrics. Social implications Production of less expensive and new eco-friendly dyes exhibit antimicrobial and anticancer activity. Originality/value It provided a potentially simple way to synthesize novel coumarin azo-dyes exhibit good biological and pharmacology activity and also exhibit good overall fastness properties.

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24

Mitić, Vojislav V., Po-Yu Chen, Yueh-Ying Chou, Ivana D. Ilić, Bojana Marković, and Goran Lazović. "Fractal nature analysis in porous structured bio-ceramics." Modern Physics Letters B 35, no. 12 (2021): 2150318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984921503188.

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Hydroxyapatite scaffold is a type of bio-ceramic. Its cellular design has similarities with the morphologies in nature. Therefore, it is very important to control the structure, especially the porosity, as one of the main features for bio-ceramics applications. According to some literature, freeze casting can form the shape of dendrites and remain a foam structure after ice sublimation. Ice nucleation became more heterogeneous with the aid of printing materials during freeze casting. This procedure can even improve the issue of crack formation. In this paper, we studied the mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite scaffold. We also analyzed the porosity by fractal nature characterization, and successfully reconstructed pore shape, which is important for predicting ceramic morphology. We applied SEM analysis on bio-ceramic samples, at four different magnifications for the same pore structure. This is important for fractal analysis and pores reconstruction. We calculated the fractal dimensions based on measurements. In this way, we completed the fractal characterization of porosity and confirmed possibilities for successful porous shapes reconstruction. In this paper, we confirmed, for the first time, that fractal nature can be successfully applied in the area of porous bio-ceramics.

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25

Lin, Chi-Ching, Fu-Ling Chang, Yuan-Shing Perng, and Shih-Tsung Yu. "Effects of Single and Blended Coating Pigments on the Inkjet Image Quality of Dye Sublimation Transfer Printed Paper: SiO2, CaCO3, Talc, and Sericite." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4863024.

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In this study, we investigated the effects on the image quality of CaCO3, SiO2, talc, and sericite on coated inkjet paper. The papers serve as dye sublimation transfer paper for printing on fabrics. The brightness, smoothness, and contact angle of the coated papers were evaluated. The papers were then printed with a textile color image evaluation test form, and the imprinted images were evaluated with respect to six criteria of the solid ink density, tone value increase, print contrast, ink trapping, grayness, and hue error. The overall printed image quality was correlated with the smoothness and brightness of the coated paper but showed no correlation with the contact angle. For single-pigment-coated papers, CaCO3produced paper with the best color difference performance and could be substituted for silica. On the other hand, SiO2was found to be suitable for blending with talc, calcium carbonate, and sericite, and its combination with these materials generally produced better image qualities than silica alone. Talc and sericite, when blended with silica as composite coating pigments, produced better printed image qualities than those as single-pigment-coated papers. The overall image quality ranking suggests that the best performance was achieved with CaCO3-, SiO2/talc-, CaCO3/SiO2-, SiO2/sericite-, and SiO2-coated papers.

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26

Perera, Henadeera Arachchige Ayomi Enoka, and Wilathgamuwage Don Gamini Lanarolle. "Thermal behaviour of heat treated polyester knitted fabrics." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 24, no. 4 (2020): 305–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-10-2019-0049.

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Purpose Thermoplastic polymer fabrics are normally heat set to make them dimensionally stable. These fabrics in garment panel form may again be exposed to heat during the processes such as bonding, sublimation printing and cause to change their dimensions. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the response of polyester yarns in knitted fabrics to heat setting and post-heat treatments. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the thermal shrinkage behaviour of heat set polyester knitted fabrics when subjected to post-heat treatment processes are analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and analysis of fabric shrinkage. DSC is a thermo-analytical technique that measures the difference in the amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of the sample and the reference. A heat flux versus temperature curve is one of the results of a DSC experiment. The polymer structure and morphology of polyester heat-treated and post-heat–treated fabrics were determined by examining the DSC thermograms. Findings Heat setting and post-heat setting causes the effective temperature of polyester to change. Effective temperature occurred around 160°C for fabrics heat set at low temperatures and increases as the heat setting temperature increases. Post-heat treatments cause to elevate the effective temperature. Shrinkage of fabrics below the effective temperature is not statistically significant while the shrinkage at higher temperatures is significant. Effective temperature is the main determinant of thermal shrinkage behaviour of polyester. Originality/value The study reveals the significance of the effective temperature of polyester on heat treatments and post-heat treatments. The study revealed that heat-setting temperature is a primary determinant of the thermal stability of polyester fabric that are subjected to heat treatments.

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27

"Sublimation Transfer Printing of Wool." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 96, no. 4 (2008): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1980.tb03523.x.

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28

Ko, JaeSang, So Hyun Kim, Seung Woon Baek, Min Kyung Chae, and Jin Sook Yoon. "Semi-automated fabrication of customized ocular prosthesis with three–dimensional printing and sublimation transfer printing technology." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-38992-y.

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29

Hong, Phung Thi Mai, and Hoang Thi Kieu Nguyen. "Effect of Temperature on the Ink Transfer of sublimation Printing Process." International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, May 5, 2021, 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32628/ijsrset21832.

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The effect of temperature on the ink transfer of sublimation printing technology was investigated. The ink transfer was conducted by the colour density of single solid inks and the ink trapping of overprinted solid inks. The experimental results indicate that the amount of ink transferred from the colour ribbon to the substrate is determined by the thermal characterization of dye materials. The densities of single colour inks as well as the ink trapping coefficients obtain the highest values at the temperature corresponding to the endothermic peaks of the dye materials. This is the optimum operating processing temperature.

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30

ÖZOMAY, Meral, and Zafer ÖZOMAY. "The Effect of Temperature and Time Variables on Printing Quality in Sublimation Transfer Printing on Nylon and Polyester Fabric." European Journal of Science and Technology, April 6, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.889147.

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31

Ai, Li, Hongmei Cao, and Yawei Zhu. "Ultralow emission micro-printing process for PET fibers using liquid disperse dye." Textile Research Journal, September 14, 2021, 004051752110457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00405175211045723.

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The commercial powder disperse dye used for printing polyester fabrics exhibits many environmentally-unfriendly properties, especially the associated high wastewater emission. In this study, three kinds of liquid disperse dyes (C.I. Disperse Blue 291:1, (L-DB); C.I. Disperse Red 179, (L-DR), and C.I. Disperse Orange 30, (L-DO)), two kinds of binders (A and/or B), and a micro-printing process, were applied to polyester fabric, with the goal of reducing freshwater consumption while maintaining color fastness. The influences of rheological and printing performance and color fastness were studied. Home-made liquid dyes of L-DB, L-DR and L-DO were found to exhibit higher color depth, excellent color fastness, and ultralow emission of wastewater and waste residual during the micro-printing process. The binder comprised of silicone-modified polyacrylate was observed to increase dye uptake, reduce dye sublimation, and improve color fastness. The liquid dyes of L-DB, L-DR and L-DO also exhibit stable and better rheological properties, which appeared to have little effect on the viscosity of printing pastes when compared with commercial powder disperse dye of Blue 3GFL (C.I. Disperse Blue 291:1), Red 2B (C.I. Disperse Red 179) and Yellow brown S-4RL (C.I. Disperse Orange 30), respectively. Results of this micro-printing process indicated that it is an environmentally clean production technology.

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32

Kim, Bo ram, So Hyun Kim, JaeSang Ko, et al. "A pilot clinical study of ocular prosthesis fabricated by three–dimensional printing and sublimation technique." Korean Journal of Ophthalmology, December 11, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2020.0125.

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33

Stojanović, Sandra, Jelka Geršak, Dušan Trajković, and Nenad Ćirković. "Influence of sublimation transfer printing on alterations in the structural and physical properties of knitted fabrics." Coloration Technology, November 30, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cote.12508.

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34

Steudel, Soeren, Dimitri Janssen, Stijn Verlaak, and Paul Heremans. "Patterned growth of organic small-molecule layers." MRS Proceedings 814 (2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-814-i12.6.

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AbstractWe will demonstrate a novel approach to the problem of patterning organic small molecule layers, which is compatible with printing techniques. By locally changing the chemistry of the dielectric surface by means of Self-Assembly Monolayers (SAM), we predefine active and passive areas of the circuit. The subsequent growth of the organic film by sublimation takes place under growth conditions which cause the formation of a high-mobility, well- connected two-dimensional (2D) grains in the predefined active area contrasting with ill- connected, low-mobility 3D-grains in the passive area. We will explain this patterned growth in terms of a microscopic theory of nucleation of organic semiconductor on inert substrates and present experimental results.

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35

Cosseddu, Piero, Emanuele Orgiu, and Annalisa Bonfiglio. "Soft Lithography Fabrication of Fully Flexible and Transparent all Organic FETs for Large Area Applications." MRS Proceedings 965 (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-0965-s07-02.

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ABSTRACTFully flexible and transparent all organic field effect transistors were fabricated by means of an innovative and inexpensive technique. A 1.8μm thick polyethylenetetherephtalate sheet, Mylar® (Du Pont), was used as gate dielectric and at the same time as mechanical support for the whole structure. We used pentacene, deposited by thermal sublimation, as semiconducting layer, whereas poly(ethylene-dioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT/PSS) was used for the realization of the electrodes. Gate electrodes were realized by spin coating, while source and drain electrodes were patterned by micro-contact printing. We fabricated typical p-type field effect transistors, with mobilities up to 2 × 10−1cm2/Vs and Ion/Ioff up to 105, in a very simple and inexpensive way. It is worth to note that this technique allows the realization of bottom contact and top contact transistors. We realized both bottom contact and top contact devices on the same substrate and with the same active layer and we investigated how the structure itself and the active layer morphology influence the electrical properties in terms of hole mobility, Series Contact Resistance and parasitic capacitance effects. The comparison between top-contact and bottom-contact devices shows interesting marked differences that can be mainly attributed to a different PEDOT:PSS/semiconductor interface quality, influencing the most meaningful parameters. The flexibility of the obtained structure and the easy scalability of the technological process, suitable for roll to roll mass production processes, open the way for economic production of high-resolution organic devices

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36

Volkman, Steven K., Yunan Pei, David Redinger, Shong Yin, and Vivek Subramanian. "Ink-jetted Silver/Copper conductors for printed RFID applications." MRS Proceedings 814 (2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-814-i7.8.

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AbstractLow-resistance printed conductors are crucial for the development of ultra-low cost electronic systems such as radio frequency identification tags. Low resistance conductors are required to enable the fabrication of high-Q inductors, capacitors, tuned circuits, and interconnects. Furthermore, conductors of appropriate workfunction are also required to enable fabrication of printed Schottky diodes, necessary for rectification in RFID circuits. Last year, we demonstrated the formation of low-resistance conductive printed structures using gold nanoparticles. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, technologies for formation of printed conductors using silver and copper nanoparticles. These are particularly advantageous for several reasons. First, both silver and copper offer a 2X reduction in sheet resistance over gold, resulting in improved interconnect performance and inductor Q. Second, the material costs associated with both silver and copper are expected to be significantly cheaper than gold. Third, the workfunction of silver enables the fabrication of all-printed Schottky diodes with a silver rectifying contact to many common printable organic semiconductors.Solutions of organic-encapsulated silver and copper nanoparticles may be printed and subsequently annealed to form low-resistance conductor patterns. We describe novel processes for forming silver and copper nanoparticles, and discuss the optimization of the printing/annealing processes to demonstrate plastic-compatible low-resistance conductors. By optimizing both the size of the nanoparticle and the encapsulant sublimation kinetics, it is possible to produce particles that anneal at low-temperatures (<150 °C) to form continuous films having low resistivity and appropriate workfunction for formation of rectifying contacts. This represents a major component required for all- printed RFID.

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