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Journal articles on the topic 'Submerged low-Crested structures'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 15 February 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Van den Bosch, Ilse, Erik Ten Oever, Pieter Bakker, and Markus Muttray. "STABILITY OF INTERLOCKING ARMOUR UNITS ON A BREAKWATER CREST." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.structures.11.

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The hydraulic stability of single layer, interlocking armour units on low crested and submerged breakwaters was investigated in 2D hydraulic model tests. Displacements of armour units and rocking were monitored and have been applied as indicators for the armour layer stability on the crest, front and rear slope. The effect of freeboard, packing density and wave steepness on the armour layer stability have been investigated. The stability of interlocking concrete armour units on low crested and submerged structures is qualitatively different from rock armour. About 40% to 50% larger armour unit

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2

Koutrouveli, Theofano I., and Athanassios A. Dimas. "WAVE TRANSMISSION OVER LOW-CRESTED POROUS BREAKWATERS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.waves.15.

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Low-crested (LC) rubble mound breakwaters are used for coastal protection. The main advantage of these structures is their mild aesthetic impact on the natural environment. As the waves approach and transmit over these structures, significant hydrodynamic processes occur in their proximal area, such as wave breaking, wave reflection, wave overtopping and transmission (Garcia et al., 2004). Many researchers have studied the hydrodynamics of flow in the vicinity of such structures, as well as the influence of their geometrical characteristics on the flow field. However, in most studies, the stru

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3

Belkacem, Yasmine Ben, Paul Tournant, Gaële Perret, Julie Lebunetel, and Grégory Pinon. "A COMPREHENSIVE HYDRODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF WATER WAVES INTERACTION WITH SUBMERGED BREAKWATERS: NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 38 (May 29, 2025): 44. https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v38.structures.44.

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The present work describes the numerical investigation with experimental comparisons of water waves interaction with porous structures. The main objective of this work is to assess the ability of the Volume-Averaged Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes- based module within the accurately model and simulate the OpenFOAM numerical toolbox to most relevant hydrodynamic processes involved in the interaction between waves and low-crested breakwaters. The numerical approach is further validated against measurements obtained tests conducted for a wide range of wave from the small-scale laboratory conditio

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4

Hassanpour, Nasrin, Diego Vicinanza, and Pasquale Contestabile. "Determining Wave Transmission over Rubble-Mound Breakwaters: Assessment of Existing Formulae through Benchmark Testing." Water 15, no. 6 (2023): 1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061111.

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Low-crested and submerged breakwaters are frequently employed as coastal defence structures. Their efficiency is governed by wave energy dissipation, and the wave transmission coefficient can evaluate this parameter. The current study conducts experimental investigations on both low-crested and submerged breakwaters exposed to different wave conditions to compare their performance with that of emerged breakwaters. The current study provides a comprehensive review of existing formulae and highlights the impact of design variables. To evaluate the reliability of each existing formula, four “refe

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5

Silva, Renan, Ryan Lowe, Jeff Hansen, Alex Atkinson, Nick Naderi, and Matthew Allen. "EXPERIMENTAL BASIN STUDY OF WAVE-DRIVEN HYDRODYNAMICS OVER ARTIFICIAL REEFS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 38 (May 29, 2025): 53. https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v38.waves.53.

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Submerged coastal structures (e.g., submerged breakwaters and artificial reefs) modify shoreline hydrodynamics by altering incident wave fields. Submerged breakwaters are designed to provide coastal protection by decreasing incident wave energy. In addition to providing wave attenuation, nature-based artificial reefs seek to enhance ecosystem services linked to the creation of habitat for marine organisms. However, the use of artificial reefs in coastal protection applications is still relatively limited compared to conventional coastal structures (i.e., low-crested breakwaters) in part due to

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6

Vanlishout, Valérie, Henk Jan Verhagen, and Peter Troch. "OBLIQUE WAVE TRANSMISSION THROUGH ROUGH IMPERMEABLE RUBBLE MOUND SUBMERGED BREAWATERS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (2011): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.waves.22.

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There is a growing interest in the application of submerged rubble mound breakwaters as coastal defence structures. As their defensive ability highly depends on the amount of wave energy remaining at their lee side, the accurate prediction of the energy in the lee of such structures is of utmost importance. Past experiments have shown that the behaviour of rough permeable rubble mound structures under oblique wave attack was found to be significantly different from that of smooth impermeable low crested structures. This behavioural difference has led to the research objective of this present s

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7

Corvaro, Sara, Stefania Rocchi, Francesco Marini, Carlo Lorenzoni, and Alessandro Mancinelli. "RECONSTRUCTION OF THE TRASMITTED WAVE SPECTRA BEHIND A SUBMERGED SMOOTH OBSTACLE." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 38 (May 29, 2025): 121. https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v38.structures.121.

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The presence of a submerged obstacle (sand bar or breakwater) induces a reduction of the transmitted wave energy mainly due to wave breaking dissipation. Moreover, the spectral shape behind such obstacles changes from the incoming one. An energy transfer towards higher frequencies, with respect to the peak frequency fp, is observed due to the non-linear interactions that occur during the passage over the bar for both random (Beji and Battjes, 1993) and regular waves (Losada et al., 1997). Van der Meer et al. (2000) studied the spectral change behind a low-crested structure. They found that 40p

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8

Ahmad Fitriadhy, Sheikh Fakruradzi, Alamsyah Kurniawan, Nita Yuanita, and Anuar Abu Bakar. "3D Computational Fluid Dynamic Investigation on Wave Transmission behind Low-Crested Submerged Geo-Bag Breakwater." CFD Letters 15, no. 10 (2023): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.15.10.1222.

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Wave transmission characteristics behind low-crested submerged breakwaters involve complex-hydrodynamic interaction of water waves on the structures. To properly comprehend the induced-nonlinear wave transformation, the problem necessitates a trustworthy prediction using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) technique. The goal of this study is to develop a three-dimensional (3-D) computational model of the hydrodynamic performance of a narrow crest behind a submerged breakwater in order to gain a thorough understanding of the wave transmission coefficient, K_t. The simulation took into account

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9

Galani, Konstantina A., and Athanassios A. Dimas. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE FLOW INDUCED BY WAVES IN THE VICINITY OF A DETACHED LOW-CRESTED (ZERO FREEBOARD) BREAKWATER." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.waves.14.

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The combined action of environmental forcing (waves, coastal currents, sediment transport, e.t.c.), the continuously decreasing supply of coastal areas with sediment from rivers, as well as the intense anthropogenic activity, results in the appearance of severe erosion problems in coastal areas and constantly decreasing beach width. A frequently used coastal protection measure is the construction of detached breakwaters parallel to the coastline. Detached breakwaters have a direct effect on the incoming waves, which contributes to the control of coastal sediment transport, hence the morphodyna

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10

Kim, Taeyoon, Soonchul Kwon, and Yongju Kwon. "Prediction of Wave Transmission Characteristics of Low-Crested Structures with Comprehensive Analysis of Machine Learning." Sensors 21, no. 24 (2021): 8192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21248192.

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The adoption of low-crested and submerged structures (LCS) reduces the wave behind a structure, depending on the changes in the freeboard, and induces stable waves in the offshore. We aimed to estimate the wave transmission coefficient behind LCS structures to determine the feasible characteristics of wave mitigation. In addition, various empirical formulas based on regression analysis were proposed to quantitatively predict wave attenuation characteristics for field applications. However, inherent variability of wave attenuation causes the limitation of linear statistical approaches, such as

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11

Archetti, Renata, and Maria Gabriella Gaeta. "WAVE RUN-UP OBSERVATION AND 2DV NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION ON BEACHES PROTECTED BY STRUCTURES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.currents.20.

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The main parameter for the assessment of coastal vulnerability and sediment transport is the wave run-up on the beach, defining the limit of maximum flooding, but also hydrodynamic properties in the Swash Zone (SZ) are trivial for the comprehension of hydro-morphodynamic processes. Several studies have been carried out on the SZ but few literature is still available on the run-up and on SZ flows on beaches protected by Low Crested Structures (LCSs), where flow motion is driven by a combination of low frequency infra-gravity waves and incident waves. In presence of breakwaters, swash incident w

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12

Dassanayake, Darshana T., and H. Oumeraci. "Engineering Properties of Geotextile Sand Containers and Their Effect on Hydraulic Stability and Damage Development of Low-Crested / Submerged Structures." International Journal of Ocean and Climate Systems 3, no. 3 (2012): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1759-3131.3.3.135.

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13

Brancasi, Alberica, Elisa Leone, Antonio Francone, Giulio Scaravaglione, and Giuseppe Roberto Tomasicchio. "On Formulae for Wave Transmission at Submerged and Low-Crested Breakwaters." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 12 (2022): 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121986.

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Submerged and low-crested breakwaters are nearshore barriers with an underwater or slightly emergent crest, designed to reduce the energy of wave attacks and, consequently, to protect the coast from erosion and flooding. Their performance in reducing the wave energy can be evaluated by the value of the wave transmission coefficient, which thus requires accurate prediction. In the last few decades, several experimental investigations allowed the development of several formulae to predict this coefficient that agreed well within the given range of validity. In the present study, a comprehensive

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14

Lye, Leonard M., and James J. Sharp. "Hydrotechnical studies of Peter's River." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 21, no. 1 (1994): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-012.

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Peter's River in central Newfoundland supplies water to the town of Botwood from an intake located at a point just upstream of a right-angled bend. The pumphouse is situated on the outer bank of the river and is constructed on a foundation of sandy silt. In 1983, a large flood eroded part of the bank and removed vegetation which had provided a protective cover. Progressive erosion then threatened the pumphouse and forced an engineering assessment of the situation. This was conducted in the winter of 1984–1985 and included the prediction of the 50- and 100-year floods from the minimal data (4 y

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15

R.A. VAN GENT, MARCEL. "Low-Crested Structures In Front Of Rubble Mound Breakwaters." CoastLab 2024: Physical Modelling in Coastal Engineering and Science, April 30, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59490/coastlab.2024.711.

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Climate adaptation of coastal structures has become more important due to climate change, resulting in sea level rise and increased wave loading for coastal structures with depth-limited wave conditions. If sea level rise causes wave loading that becomes too severe, one of the options is to reduce the wave loading before the waves reach the existing coastal structure (see for instance Van Gent, 2019, and Van Gent and Teng, 2023). This can be achieved by increasing the foreshore (e.g. sand nourishment) or by constructing a low-crested structure in front of the coastal structure. In this study t

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16

Van Gent, Marcel R. A. "Submerged low-crested structures in front of coastal structures." Journal of Coastal and Hydraulic Structures 4 (March 8, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.59490/jchs.2024.0033.

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Climate adaptation of coastal structures has become more important due to climate change, resulting in sea level rise and increased wave loading on coastal structures with depth-limited wave conditions. One of the climate adaptation measures to ensure that existing coastal structures continue to perform their function after unforeseen sea level rise, is to reduce the wave loading before the waves reach the existing coastal structure. This can be achieved by constructing a low-crested structure in front of the existing structure. Between the two structures, structure-induced wave set-up occurs.

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17

ESCUDERO, MIREILLE, JORGE MOLINES, and JOSEP R. MEDINA. "Sustainable And Bioengineered Concrete For Armor Units Of Low-Crested Structures." CoastLab 2024: Physical Modelling in Coastal Engineering and Science, April 29, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59490/coastlab.2024.695.

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In the last two decades, Eco-engineering has emerged to mitigate and compensate the environmental impacts of man-made structures while integrates benefits to society, being concrete the most widely alternative material used to natural rocks for construction of artificial coastal structures. Over the past three decades, an extensive literature has documented different supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) to reduce CO2 emissions from Portland cement, with common SCMs used in marine and coastal structures such as fly ashes, ground granulated blast furnace slags, pozzolanas and limestones.

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18

Díaz, Carrasco Pilar, Palao Sergio Muñoz, and Jorge Molines. "A new method to measure damage progression in Homogeneous Low-Crested Structures with a low-cost 3D depth-sensor." April 15, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104699.

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Mechanical profilers are commonly used to measure damage to rubble mound breakwaters in small-scale physical tests. This study developed a non-intrusive methodology using low-cost 3D depth-sensors to measure damage progression in Homogeneous Low-Crested Structures (HLCS) with and without water in the wave flume. Although light refraction causes distortion in the presence of water, distorted scans are corrected with this new method using a Neural Network (NN) model. The new methodology is adequate to obtain undistorted profiles of emerged or submerged breakwaters and may be described in two ste

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19

HASSANPOUR, NASRIN, PASQUALE CONTESTABILE, JAVIER L. LARA, and DIEGO VICINANZA. "Analisis Of Upgrading Low-Crested Structures As An Adaptation Measure To Climate Change For Coastal Protection: A Hybrid Approach." CoastLab 2024: Physical Modelling in Coastal Engineering and Science, May 7, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59490/coastlab.2024.770.

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Coastal zones have consistently been among the most appealing settlement areas due to their proximity to the sea, rich natural resources, and the high quality of life they offer (Lamberti et al., 2005). However, these regions are affected by climate change impacts, such as sea-level rise, storm surges, and an increased intensity of extreme weather events (Burcharth et al., 2014). Traditional low-crested rubble mound breakwaters are commonly used to protect coastal areas from wave damage. However, it is expected that the variability of climate conditions will induce a loss of functionality and

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20

Elham, Jafarzadeh, Kabiri-Samani Abdorreza, Mansourzadeh Shahriar, and Bohluly Asghar. "Experimental modeling of the interaction between waves and submerged flexible mound breakwaters." August 3, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475090220944775.

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This study presents a flexible breakwater with an innovative geometry based on model experimentation. Experimental studies were performed to compare the wave energy dissipation by the flexible mound and rigid structures, over a range of test conditions.

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