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Journal articles on the topic 'Subsidiya'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Odina, Shodmonova. "DAVLAT MOLIYA TIZIMIDA MAHALLIY EHTIYOJNI QOPLASH USULLARI SHARHI." ilm-fan 1, no. 15 (2023): 128–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8073411.

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2

Wijaya, Rizki Aprilian, and Subhechanis Saptanto. "PERSEPSI DAN STRATEGI ADAPTASI NELAYAN TERHADAP ISU PENCABUTAN SUBSIDI BBM." Jurnal Kebijakan Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan 4, no. 2 (2014): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jksekp.v4i2.608.

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Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) merupakan input produksi penting bagi nelayan. Pada awal tahun2014, terdapat wacana untuk menghapus subsidi BBM untuk nelayan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untukmenganalis persepsi nelayan terhadap kemungkinan kebijakan pencabutan subsidi BBM dan menganalisisstrategi adaptasi nelayan terhadap kemungkinan pencabutan subsidi BBM. Lokasi penelitian berada diPelabuhan Perikanan Samudera (PPS) Nizam Zachman dan Pelabuhan Pendaratan Perikanan (PPI)Muara Angke di Provinsi D.K.I. Jakarta. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulandata dilakukan melalui wawancara

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3

Xue, Yuemei, Lili Ding, and Kee-hung Lai. "Designing Subsidy Scheme for Marine Disaster Index Insurance in China." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 10 (2022): 1552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101552.

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Designing an optimal subsidy scheme for marine disaster index insurance (MDII) for households in coastal areas of China remains a managerial challenge. The issue of subsidies for disaster insurance has received extensive research attention, but extant studies are confined to the issue of whether to subsidize, lacking focus on how and how much to subsidize. In the existing marine disaster index insurance pilots in China, there are varying levels and scales of subsidies in spite of premium subsidies. To design an optimal subsidy scheme for marine disaster index insurance in China, this paper pro

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Lee, Jaemin. "Subsidies for Illegal Activities?—Reframing IUU Fishing from the Law Enforcement Perspective." Journal of International Economic Law 22, no. 3 (2019): 417–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgz017.

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ABSTRACT Fisheries subsidies norms and discussions at present are based on the subsidy framework under the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures. This approach is pertinent vis-à-vis various types of governmental subsidies provided to fisheries industries. It, however, fails to tackle illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing, one of the core targets of the fisheries subsidies norms, because few governments ‘subsidize’ illegal activities such as IUU. As far as IUU fishing is concerned, the real challenge is not about subsidies but about how to enforce domestic laws and reg

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Cao, Jingjing, Tianyi Guo, and Yan Chen. "Modeling Government Subsidy Strategies for Railway Carriers: Environmental Impacts and Industry Competition." Mathematics 11, no. 14 (2023): 3049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11143049.

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In this paper, we investigate the government’s optimal subsidy strategy for the China–Europe Railway Express (CERE) considering environmental impacts and industry competition. Specifically, we consider three subsidy options: no subsidies, subsidies to CERE carriers, and subsidies to shippers. A game theory framework is developed to analyze the problem of developing a sustainable supply chain consisting of the government, competitive carriers, and shippers. First of all, we find that for the government, indirect subsidies to CERE carriers and direct subsidies to shippers lead to the same total

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Akritidis, Vassilis, and Jean Baptiste Blancardi. "Analysis Of The Foreign Subsidies Regulation From An International Trade Law Perspective On Trade In Goods." Global Trade and Customs Journal 18, Issue 10 (2023): 380–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2023048.

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The Foreign Subsidies Regulation contains provisions enabling the Commission to launch ex officio investigations into foreign subsidies distorting the internal market. The legislation is designed to be complementary to existing anti-subsiding rules and follows a logic that is reminiscent of the European competition law. This article discusses its applicability in the field of trade in goods and the risks of inconsistency with the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM). Foreign Subsidies Regulation, Foreign subsidies, Industrial subsidies, Basic

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Shao, Yunhong, Chunqin Zhang, Daoyou Wang, Jing Zhou, and Min Hong. "Optimizing the Subsidy Calculation Model of Urban Public Transport." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (July 19, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5536801.

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In recent years, to alleviate and resolve the traffic problems in China, the government introduced a series of policies to subsidize public transportation. Accordingly, to effectively implement these financial subsidies, the formulation of a scientific model of urban public transport subsidy calculation, strict control of the total amount of financial subsidies, and clear identification of subsidy targets are necessary. In this study, a linear dual model is developed based on the principle of resource allocation and the economic meaning of shadow prices. The public transportation system of a c

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Jiang, Wen, and Xian Qi. "Pricing and assembly rate decisions for a prefabricated construction supply chain under subsidy policies." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (2022): e0261896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261896.

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Prefabricated construction has attracted worldwide concern and promotion due to its environmental friendliness, high quality, and high efficiency. In China, the application of prefabricated construction still lags due to its high cost. To improve prefabricated construction development, the Chinese government and provinces have launched subsidy policies for different objects that offer subsidies to the assembler, the manufacturer, or consumers. Subsidy policies for different subsidy objects have different impacts on the manufacturer wholesale price and assembler retail price and assembly rate a

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9

Seda, Petrus Pidi, Supriyadi Supriyadi, and Samsul Wahidin. "Kedudukan Program Subsidi Bahan Bakar Minyak dan Penghapusannya dalam Perspektif Teori Negara Kesejahteraan." MLJ Merdeka Law Journal 1, no. 2 (2020): 112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/mlj.v2i1.5533.

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Indonesia is a country that adopts the concept of a welfare state. The welfare state refers to the role of the government which is responsible for managing and organizing the people's economy. The state is expected to be able to carry out its responsibility to ensure the availability of basic rights welfare services for its citizens. The provision of subsidies is a government program to ensure the welfare of the people. The research objective is to examine the position of the subsidy program from the perspective of the welfare state and the elimination of fuel subsidies by the government as a

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10

Yuan, Shengjun, Jie Li, and Xin Su. "Impact of Government Subsidy Strategies on Supply Chains Considering Carbon Emission Reduction and Marketing Efforts." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (2022): 3111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14053111.

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This study analyzes the impact of different government subsidies on supply chain members under the low-carbon policy. Using the theory and the Stackelberg game method, we derive the equilibrium decision of diverse government subsidy models on the carbon emission reduction efforts and marketing efforts of supply chain members when manufacturers are dominant. We found that government subsidies positively influenced the carbon emission reduction efforts and marketing efforts of supply chain members and could increase the overall profit of the supply chain and the overall welfare of society. Meanw

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Algamar, Ratika, and Lince Magriasti. "Implementasi Kebijakan Subsidi Listrik Tepat Sasaran bagi Rumah Tangga Tidak Mampu di Kecamatan Lubuk Begalung." PUBLICNESS: Journal of Public Administration Studies 3, no. 4 (2024): 386–94. https://doi.org/10.24036/publicness.v3i4.227.

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Based on the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 29 of 2016, the mechanism for providing electricity tariff subsidies for households is regulated. In this case, the government has allocated a budget for electricity subsidies to customers, most of whom fall into the R1-450 VA and R1-900 VA categories, which account for about 85 percent of the total customers. The state has the obligation to subsidize electricity consumption for underprivileged communities. This study aims to examine the implementation of the electricity subsidy policy in Lubuk Begalung Subdistrict, focusing

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12

Rodríguez Grossi, Jorge. "Magallanes: El subsidio equivocado." Observatorio Económico, no. 49 (January 1, 2011): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.11565/oe.vi49.300.

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El subsidio al consumo de gas en la XII región, tan apreciado por los magallánicos, ha sido siempre una mala política, como lo es cualquiera que subsidie el precio de cualquier producto sin discriminación entre población adinerada y modesta, y sin topes razonables en la cantidad consumida. Pese a esto, las regiones extremas deben ser apoyadas con subsidios eficientes. Continuar leyendo...

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13

WANG, YU-TER. "THE PROFITS OF FIRMS AND COUNTERVAILING DUTIES IN VERTICALLY RELATED MARKETS." Singapore Economic Review 55, no. 04 (2010): 749–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590810004036.

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This paper studies the relationship between the profits of firms and countervailing duties in vertically related markets characterized by oligopolies. It is shown that a countervailing duty equal to the foreign export subsidy is required to neutralize the impact of foreign export subsidies on the profits of domestic firms. The domestic country has an incentive to impose a countervailing duty on foreign final goods even though foreign governments only subsidize exports of intermediate goods. In addition, foreign exporting firms may benefit from a countervailing duty more than a foreign export s

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14

Ingot, Steven Raja, and Rahayu Ningsih. "Dampak Penghapusan Subsidi Ekspor Produk Pertanian Terhadap Harga dan Perdagangan Produk Pangan Indonesia." Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan 13, no. 1 (2019): 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.30908/bilp.v13i1.312.

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Abstrak Salah satu komitmen terpenting hasil pertemuan Konferensi Tingkat Menteri World Trade Organisation (WTO) di Nairobi tahun 2015 adalah diberlakukannya penghapusan subsidi ekspor produk pertanian negara anggota WTO, baik oleh negara maju (pada 2015) maupun negara berkembang (pada 2018). Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat dampak penghapusan subsidi ekspor produk pertanian oleh negara asal terhadap harga dan perdagangan produk pangan Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan model Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) disimpulkan bahwa penghapusan subsidi ekspor produk pertanian akan mengakibatkan

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15

Matqurbanova, Aziza Davronbek qizi. "Mehnat bozorini tashkil qilish. Ishsizlikning iqtisodiy oqibatlari." JOURNAL OF UNIVERSAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 1, no. 5 (2023): 328–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7902737.

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16

Zulham, Armen. "DAMPAK SUBSIDI TERHADAP SURPLUS PRODUSEN DAN TOTAL BENEFIT PERIKANAN TANGKAP PANTURA JAWA TENGAH." Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan 3, no. 1 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jsekp.v3i1.5838.

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hidup nelayan. Salah satu indikator untuk menilai peningkatan taraf hidup nelayan akibat dari subsidi adalah surplus produsen dan total benefit dari eksploitasi potensi ikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan quaterly data 1998 - 2002, pada delapan lokasi pendaratan ikan di Pantura Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menghitung surplus produsen berdasarkan: baseline (tanpa subsidi) dan subsidi. Perhitungan surplus produsen dilakukan dengan program Maple dengan memasukkan koefisien yang diperoleh dari pendekatan regresi. Secara umum hasil analisis tersebut menunjukkan subsidi perikanan akan mendorong peningka

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17

Zhang, Hongru, and Yang Yang. "Prescribing for the tourism-induced Dutch disease: A DSGE analysis of subsidy policies." Tourism Economics 25, no. 6 (2018): 942–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816618813046.

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Tourism-induced Dutch disease can be particularly detrimental to small open economies due to deindustrialization and potential long-term welfare loss. This study adopts an innovative macroeconomic modelling tool, dynamic stochastic general equilibrium modelling, to investigate the effects of external inbound tourism booms on the national economic account of a small open economy. The results confirm the existence of Dutch disease, but tourism booms also bring welfare gains to the destination country. We further model the effects of two strategies to mitigate the Dutch disease by assuming that t

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18

Gretz, Richard T., Jannett Highfill, and Robert C. Scott. "R&D Subsidies and Multinational Firm Ownership." Global Economy Journal 7, no. 1 (2007): 1850106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1524-5861.1248.

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Most industrialized countries subsidize private sector R&D, even under some circumstances when the firm is owned by foreigners. The present paper, using a simple theoretical analysis of a monopoly firm selling only to the U.S. market, argues that such subsidies are welfare enhancing—as long, of course—as the funding agency chooses the projects it funds wisely. The paper suggests that a subsidy rate of 50% might be warranted under some circumstances.

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Hardiani, Hardiani, and Etik Umiyati. "Dampak Pemberian Subsidi Produksi Terhadap Keseimbangan Pasar pada Pasar Persaingan Sempurna dan Pasar Monopoli." Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan dan Pembangunan Daerah 3, no. 2 (2015): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/ppd.v3i2.3505.

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Abstract. This study aimed to analyze: (1) the impact of subsidies on the market equilibriumin perfect competition and monopoly markets (2) the impact of subsidies on the efficiency of markets, surplus buyer-seller on the market perfect competition and monopoly market. Research using method of experimental economics. The simulated market in the form of a) a perfectly competitive market with goods subsidized and non-subsidized goods; b) a monopoly market with goods subsidized and non-subsidized goods. Data were analyzed at each simulation and the market structure of each type of goods. The resu

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20

Majumder, Sani, Izabela Nielsen, Susanta Maity, and Subrata Saha. "Effect of Product Distribution Structures and Government Subsidy Measures on Product Quality and Consumption under Competition." Sustainability 14, no. 6 (2022): 3624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14063624.

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To improve social welfare and the sustainable development index, many governments introduce subsidies to manufacturers. Motivated by a subsidy program, we present a parsimonious analysis to determine the impact of subsidies when two competing manufacturers use different distribution structures under competition to sell their products in a three-echelon distribution setting. The objective is to understand better how distribution structures and social welfare measures affect the government’s decision to subsidize. We consider four different distribution structures where the government can provid

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Olivera-Villarroel, Sazcha Marcelo, and Maira Calderón Calderón. "SUBSIDIOS Y CONSUMO DENTRO LA ECONOMÍA BOLIVIANA." Investigación & Negocios 13, no. 21 (2020): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.38147/invneg.v13i21.83.

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El estudio analiza los efectos de la aplicación de políticas y programas de dotación de subsidios en Bolivia. Teniéndose como objetivo central distinguir el impacto de estas políticas en el aumento de la demanda agregada de la economía y el incremento del consumo y/o inversión. Partiendo del cálculo aproximado de la propensión marginal a consumir – PMC- de la economía por tipo de consumidor y así obtener el multiplicador de la demanda.La implementación de estas políticas ha generado un incremento en los ingresos mensuales de las poblaciones beneficiarias correspondiente a los quintiles inferio

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Soham, Bachaspati1 Amrita Dasgupta2. "Farm Subsidies – A Double-Edged Sword." Science World a monthly e magazine 3, no. 2 (2023): 111–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7616129.

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A subsidy is a benefit given to an individual or an institution by the government. Hence farm subsidy is a governmental subsidy paid to farmers to supplement farmer's income and enhance their productivity. Subsides are typically tax-funded payments from a government to a business entity, such as an agricultural company. On the basis of the subsidy provided, farm subsidies can be categorized into direct and indirect subsidies. Direct farm subsidies are those subsidies that are directly provided to farmers and are generally paid in the form of a direct cash subsidy. In direct subsidies, a be

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23

Mubarok, Ahmad Zaky. "Keabsahan Tindakan Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan dalam Pelaksanaan Subsidi Bunga atau Margin." Jurist-Diction 6, no. 1 (2023): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jd.v6i1.43521.

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Abstract This article aims to determine and analyze the legitimacy of actions relating to the authority of the Directorate General of Treasury in implementing the Interest or Margin Subsidy. Interest or Margin subsidy is one form of the National Economic Recovery (PEN) program. This type of research uses doctrinal research methods by approaching laws and regulations and legal concepts. Legality has a scope, namely authority, substance and procedure. As one of the scope of validity of government acts. An act of government is invalid if there is a defect in authority, substance and procedure. Th

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Luhur, Estu Sri, and Yesi Dewita Sari. "DAMPAK SUBSIDI SOLAR TERHADAP KEBERLANJUTAN USAHA PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI BITUNG DAN PELABUHANRATU." Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan 7, no. 2 (2017): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jsekp.v7i2.5681.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peranan subsidi harga solar terhadap keberlanjutan usaha perikanan tangkap. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2010 di dua lokasi dengan tingkat pemanfaatan sumber daya perikanan yang berbeda, yaitu Bitung dan Palabuhanratu. Data yang digunakan terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara kepada nelayan yang menggunakan alat tangkap berbeda di kedua lokasi penelitian, kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya subsidi harga solar menyebabkan semakin besar k

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Zúñiga Jara, Sergio, Madeleyn Álvarez, Meybol Santander, and Edxell Serrano. "Análisis económico de una casa eficiente con uso de energía fotovoltaica." Horizontes Empresariales 12, no. 1 (2015): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22320/hem.v12i1.2001.

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El estudio aplica una metodología para evaluar la conveniencia económica de una inversión en energía fotovoltaica para una familia típica. Se permite concluir, en base al Valor Actual Neto (VAN) y la Tasa Interna de Retorno (TIR) que el éxito de este tipo de proyectos de escala familiar está fuertemente condicionado por el monto de la inversión inicial y reinversiones. Como resultado final, los proyectos no resultaron rentables aún después de un análisis de sensibilidad de variables críticas, que incluyó la existencia de subsidios. Esto parece explicar el por qué cuando se adquieren estos equi

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Juliani, Syintia Ulfa, Panji Adam Agus Putra, and Ira Siti Rohmah Maulida. "Analisis Prinsip Muamalah terhadap Pembatasan Subsidi Pupuk dalam Permentan No 01 Tahun 2024." Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 5, no. 1 (2025): 83–88. https://doi.org/10.29313/bcssel.v5i1.18137.

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Abstract. Indonesia, as an agrarian country, relies heavily on the agricultural sector, which serves as the backbone of the national economy. The government provides fertilizer subsidies to support agricultural productivity; however, the subsidy limitation policy regulated in Government Regulation (PP) No. 01 of 2024 poses challenges for farmers, particularly regarding limited access and distribution. This study aims to analyze the fertilizer subsidy limitation policy based on the principles of muamalah in Sharia Economic Law. The research employs a normative juridical method with a legislativ

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Silvana, Hana, and Harry Kurniawan. "Pencitraan BUMN Dalam Media Online." Gunahumas 1, no. 1 (2018): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ghm.v1i1.28377.

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ABSTRAK Pada perkembangannya media massa lebih mengarah pada media online. Dalam arus penyebaran informasi media online menjadi lebih luas dan cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan citra perusahaan pada PT.PLN (Persero) pada pemberitaan media online. Penelitian ini menganalisis isi konten pemberitaan terkait perusahaan pada isu subsidi listrik tepat sasaran 2016. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis isi. Dari kategori dan indikator yang telah ditentukan, ditemukan bahwa banyak digunakan nada pernyata

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Wang, Xinyao, Dan Li, and Yue Yu. "Current Situation and Optimization Countermeasures of Cotton Subsidy in China Based on WTO Rules." Agriculture 12, no. 8 (2022): 1245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081245.

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Cotton plays an important role in China’s agricultural production structure and international trade; therefore, China has implemented a variety of cotton subsidy policies. Since China joined the WTO in 2001, WTO rules have become substantive constraints on its agricultural subsidy policy. Therefore, in order to prevent appeal cases of China’s cotton subsidy, in this article, we investigate the current situation and optimization countermeasures with respect to China’s cotton subsidies based on WTO rules. According to calculation of the level of China’s cotton subsidy support under WTO rules, it

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Jiarong, Qian, Ito Shoichi, Mu Yueying, Zhao Zhijun, and Wang Xuejun. "The role of subsidy policies in achieving grain self-sufficiency in China: a partial equilibrium approach." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 64, No. 1 (2018): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/167/2016-agricecon.

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Food security is a critically important issue in China and can be enhanced by implementing subsidy policies. This paper employs a partial equilibrium model which takes into account the impact mechanism of subsidy policies to simulate the impact of current subsidy policies on grain supply and demand and on enhancing grain self-sufficiency in China. The simulation results suggest that subsidies can generally promote grain production, reduce consumption, increase imports, reduce exports and increase ending stocks. Subsidies may also result in increases in grain self-sufficiency rate and stock-to-

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Baylis, Patrick, and Judson Boomhower. "The Economic Incidence of Wildfire Suppression in the United States." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 15, no. 1 (2023): 442–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20200662.

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This study measures the degree to which public expenditures on wild-fire protection subsidize development in harm’s way. We use administrative data on firefighting expenditures to measure the causal effect of nearby homes on the amount spent to extinguish wildfires. We use these estimates in an actuarial calculation yielding geographically differentiated expected implicit subsidies for homes across the western United States. The expected net present value of this subsidy can exceed 20 percent of home value, increases with fire hazard, and decreases surprisingly steeply with development density

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Zhang, Congxiao, and Jang-Woo Choi. "A Study on China's Renewable Energy Vehicle Subsidy Policy under the WTO Framework." Korea International Trade Research Institute 20, no. 2 (2024): 249–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.16980/jitc.20.2.202404.249.

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Purpose - The purpose of this study is to derive improvement measures for China's renewable energy vehicle subsidy policy under the WTO system. The parts of the new and renewable energy vehicle subsidy system enacted by China that are inconsistent with the WTO subsidy agreement are identified, and policy improvement measures are suggested. Design/Methodology/Approach - This study conducted existing literature studies and case analysis to derive improvement measures for China's renewable energy vehicle subsidy policy under the WTO system. First, the existing literature research analyzed previou

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Putra, Hilton T., and Eka An Aqimuddin. "PENGATURAN SUBSIDI PERIKANAN DALAM WTO DAN DAMPAKNYA BAGI INDONESIA." Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada 26, no. 3 (2015): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jmh.16025.

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Fisheries subsidies have been practiced by many states in the world. Such actions are considered as one of the causes of over-fishing. Its also endanger sustainable fisheries management. There is no specific regulation on fisheries subsidies in the WTO. To date, negotiation over fisheries subsidies came out with the draft and it would be attach as Annexes VIII of SCM Agreement. The draft of fisheries subsidies specifically regulates prohibited subsidies, general exception and special and different treatment. The impact of the WTO fisheries subsidies draft will be negative to the Indonesian fis

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Iino, Aya. "Disciplining Subsidies Through Free Trade Agreements (FTAs): Emerging Developments in Japan’s FTAs and Their Implications." German Law Journal 24, no. 1 (2023): 179–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/glj.2023.6.

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AbstractThe international economic order is undergoing significant change. Most recently, key countries have been seeking to increase their level of economic security, including through increased industrial subsidies. Regulating subsidies is controversial, but undisciplined subsidy payments could be harmful for the healthy functioning of markets and balanced development among nations. In this regard, the GATT-WTO has regulated subsidies, but it has not been fully functional in recent years, and reform efforts do not appear to be bearing fruit soon. Therefore, in parallel with WTO reform effort

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Sun, Ke, Jingjing Huang, and Peng Wu. "Better Leverage the Role of Electricity in Supporting Common Prosperity." E3S Web of Conferences 565 (2024): 02017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456502017.

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The electric power system has made a great contribution in the process of promoting common prosperity in China, but the current electricity regulatory system has weakened the full play of the function of supporting common prosperity in some aspects, including: rural residents have a heavy economic burden of electricity consumption, and some rural poor people still face “power poverty”; Underdeveloped areas subsidize developed areas in reverse, while developed areas often face the livelihood problems of power shortage; The contradiction of the existing electricity price cross-subsidy mechanism

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Hu, Xiaoya. "Effects and Appraisal of Grain Subsidy Policy Based on Statistical Analysis." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (June 7, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2893486.

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At present, the grain subsidies in China are mainly in forms of technical subsidies, like subsidies for superior seed varieties and general subsidies for agricultural production supplies and grain purchase prices. However, the purpose of the paper focuses on whether these subsidy policies can cause good effects and encourage farmers to grow grains and what impact these subsidy policies have on farmers’ income. The paper takes a specific area as a research object and sorts the data using the statistical analysis put in the paper. Considering the current agricultural production conditions, the p

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Shen, Yan, Zizhao Song, Tian Gao, and Ji Ma. "Research on Closed-Loop Supply Chain Decision Making of Power Battery Considering Subsidy Transfer under EPR System." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (2022): 12488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912488.

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With new energy vehicles becoming the mainstream of new vehicles sold, the surge in user ownership has triggered a wave of power battery scrapping, and the environmental problems caused by improper power battery recycling are becoming more serious. It is essential to promote the development of the closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) of power batteries effectively through government subsidies under the extended producer responsibility (EPR) regime. Combining the EPR system with the battery manufacturer as the leader and the vehicle manufacturer and the retailer as the subordinates, this paper const

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Lei, Xu. "Study on Agricultural Product-coupled Subsidy Policy Considering Output Uncertainty and the Development of Tobacco Agriculture." Tobacco Regulatory Science 7, no. 6 (2021): 5210–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.13.

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Objectives: The health and well-ordered development of tobacco agriculture is very important. The incentive effects of plant-coupled subsidies and output-coupled subsidies on farming decisions with the consideration of uncertainty are investigated. The study shows that if the same unit subsidy is adopted, the incentive effect of the two policies will be determined by the expected output. When the expected output is higher, the incentive effect of the output-coupled subsidy is better than that of the plant-coupled subsidy. And when the expected output is lower, the incentive effect of the plant

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Wang, Jinglve, and Guohua Zhou. "The Impact of Government Subsidies on Private R&D Investment in Different Markets." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (July 4, 2020): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2021865.

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In contrast to the econometric models that have been commonly used throughout a large portion of the literature, we develop six game-theoretic models to analyze governmental subsidy strategies in different market environments and to investigate the question of whether government subsidies crowd in or crowd out private investment in R&D activities. Based on realistic situations, we classify governmental subsidy strategies into three types, namely, no subsidy provided, subsidies provided based on the price of the end products, and subsidies provided based on the cost of R&D. In addition,

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Peng, Daoxin, and Hongliang Wu. "Research on the Impact of the Cancellation of State Subsidies on Stakeholders of Offshore Wind Power." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (April 26, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6804943.

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Public subsidies for offshore wind power will be eliminated in 2022. At present, offshore wind power still depends on subsidies. In this new situation, it is necessary to study the influence on the stakeholders and how the offshore wind power industry achieves healthy and sustainable development. Firstly, this paper qualitatively analyzes the impact of the cancellation of state subsidies on offshore wind turbine manufacturers and developers and finds that if there is no subsidy to relay offshore wind power, the development of offshore wind power will stagnate, and the wind turbine manufacturer

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Peng, Daoxin, and Hongliang Wu. "Research on the Impact of the Cancellation of State Subsidies on Stakeholders of Offshore Wind Power." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (April 26, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6804943.

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Public subsidies for offshore wind power will be eliminated in 2022. At present, offshore wind power still depends on subsidies. In this new situation, it is necessary to study the influence on the stakeholders and how the offshore wind power industry achieves healthy and sustainable development. Firstly, this paper qualitatively analyzes the impact of the cancellation of state subsidies on offshore wind turbine manufacturers and developers and finds that if there is no subsidy to relay offshore wind power, the development of offshore wind power will stagnate, and the wind turbine manufacturer

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Wilcox, Jonathan, Nicholas Kuria, Bruce Rutayisire, Rachel Sklar, Jamie Bartram, and Barbara Evans. "Cross-subsidies are a viable option to fund formal pit latrine emptying services: Evidence from Kigali, Rwanda." PLOS ONE 19, no. 8 (2024): e0307471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0307471.

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Pit latrines are the most common household sanitation system in East African cities. Urbanisation reduces the space available for new latrines to be constructed when pits fill and they increasingly require emptying. But formal services that empty and transport sludge to safe disposal or treatment are often unaffordable to low-income households. Cross-subsidies have been suggested to fund services for low-income households but there are no academic studies assessing this funding mechanism. This study analyses empirical financial and operational data shared by a formal service provider in Kigali

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Qiao, Zehao, Maojun Wang, Tao Liu, and Guangzhong Cao. "Does the Different Recipients of Land Fertility Protection Subsidy Influence the Scale and Efficiency of Village Land Circulation? Evidence from a Chinese Agricultural City." Agricultural & Rural Studies 3, no. 1 (2025): 0002. https://doi.org/10.59978/ar03010002.

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Agricultural subsidies offer significant support for the stability of global food security. With the backdrop of land circulation, the object of China’s land fertility protection subsidy is becoming increasingly ambiguous. Thus, outflower and inflower sense this subsidy as a profitable opportunity. Existing research has treated all agricultural subsidies as a whole, disregarding the distinct policy goals of different agricultural subsidies. The current study subdivides agricultural subsidies, with a focus on land fertility protection subsidies, which explores the relationship between village t

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Yang, Xingyi, Xiaopei Dai, and Yijing Zhang. "The Government Subsidy Policies for Organic Agriculture Based on Evolutionary Game Theory." Sustainability 16, no. 6 (2024): 2246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16062246.

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Organic agriculture is a sustainable form of farming that can protect the environment. However, the high production costs of organic agriculture deter farmers from switching to organic farming. To support the development of organic agriculture, many governments offer subsidies to farmers or retailers. We develop an evolutionary game model to investigate the effect of government subsidies on organic agriculture and the conditions under which the government should subsidize farmers or retailers. We find that subsidizing farmers or retailers can promote agricultural development. Government subsid

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Wu, Zhengxiang, and Jinlei Zhu. "Optimal strategies for contract farming supply chain with government subsidies under e-commerce assistance to farmers." PLOS ONE 19, no. 10 (2024): e0311490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311490.

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The agricultural issue is a focal point of concern for each country, and e-commerce assistance to farmers, as an emerging model, is gaining increasing attention. Considering this trend, this paper bases on e-commerce assistance to farmers and considers four types of government subsidies: no subsidy, price subsidy model with the farmer as the subsidy target, price subsidy model with the e-commerce platform as the subsidy target, and area subsidy model. Based on this, a game model of the contract farming supply chain involving a farmer and an e-commerce platform was established to explore the op

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Hua, Yuan-Yuan, Ji-Eun Park, and Xiao-Hui Li. "Green Industrial Policy Conflict with WTO Rules and Implications for Emerging Economics: From the Perspective of New Energy Vehicles (NEVs)." Korea International Trade Research Institute 19, no. 3 (2023): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.16980/jitc.19.3.202306.81.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the green contradiction between China’s NEVs subsidy policies and WTO rules. It proposes resolutions for China and South Korea from the perspective of GATT Article 20 and the US New Climate Bill. Design/Methodology/Approach – Based on the investigation of NEVs in the market, this paper finds that relevant effective subsidy measures can promote China’s NEVs development. Moreover, through case study and literature, this paper also analyzes the compliance of China’s NEVs subsidy measures under the SCM Agreement. Finally, it puts forward relevant i

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Wu, Rong, Yanqi Chen, Man Jiang, and Jian Zhang. "Research on Government Green Subsidy Strategy of Heterogeneous Agricultural Product Supply Chain." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2023 (November 8, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8040707.

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To promote dual carbon targets, this study builds a heterogeneous agricultural product supply chain comprised of a green agricultural product producer, an ordinary agricultural products producer, and a retailer. This study constructs four strategic government green subsidy models, wherein the nongovernment subsidy, government subsidy for green agricultural producers, subsidy for green consumers, and dual subsidies. Based on Stackelberg’s game theory, this study analyzes the impact of differentiated green subsidies on heterogeneous agricultural product supply chain decision-making. The results

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John, Leslie K., Andrea B. Troxel, William S. Yancy, et al. "The Effect of Cost Sharing on an Employee Weight Loss Program: A Randomized Trial." American Journal of Health Promotion 32, no. 1 (2016): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117116671282.

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Purpose: To test the effects of employer subsidies on employee enrollment, attendance, and weight loss in a nationally available weight management program. Design: A randomized trial tested the impact of employer subsidy: 100%; 80%, 50%, and a hybrid 50% subsidy that could become a 100% subsidy by attaining attendance targets. Trial registration: NCT01756066. Setting and Participants: Twenty three thousand twenty-three employees of 2 US companies. Measures: The primary outcome was the percentage of employees who enrolled in the weight management program. We also tested whether the subsidies we

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Dr., Aarti Deveshwar, and Saloni Ms. "Food Subsidy in India: A Conceptual Study." Journal of Scholastic Engineering Science and Management 1, no. 6 (2022): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7494159.

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Food subsidy is provided by the government to poor people by the Public Distribution System (PDS).Most of developed and developing countries provide subsidies to their agriculture sector. India also provides a high subsidy to the agriculture sector and a large part of it goes to the food subsidy. Food subsidy bill of India was 3.36 trillion for the year 2020-21. As food subsidies cover a larger part of all subsidies, it is a major part of India's food management policy, the government needs to pay attention to equalised distribution to all the needy persons. This study examined the trends

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Vera, José Carlos. "Sistemas de salud y subsidios a los pobres: un modelo de financiamiento de salud para el Perú." Cuadernos de difusión 9, no. 16 (2004): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.46631/jefas.2004.v9n16.04.

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Desarrolla un modelo de financiamiento de servicios de salud pública que establece cuál sería el gasto en salud por persona que tendría que hacer el Estado según el paquete de servicios que desee ofrecer y la población que decida subsidiar. Con este objetivo propone un sistema de seguro de salud para toda la población, en el cual el Estado aporte el total o parte del valor de las primas correspondientes a la población de menores recursos, sustituyendo así el subsidio a la oferta –que actualmente brinda– por el subsidio a la demanda, lo que significa libertad de elección del usuario tanto en lo

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Yang, Jung-woo, and Cheong-ghi Chun. "Study on Civil Aircraft Subsidies under the WTO Framework: Focusing on China’s Passenger Aircraft C919." Korean Academy Of International Commerce 40, no. 1 (2025): 47–63. https://doi.org/10.18104/kalc.2025.40.1.47.

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Purpose: The commercialization of China’s C919 has drawn attention to government subsidies. This study examined the compliance of China’s civil aircraft subsidy policies under the World Trade Organization (WTO) framework. Research design, data, and methodology: Case analyses and comparative research were used to examine WTO disputes on civil aircraft subsidies, comparing Panel and Appellate Body interpretations to assess China’s subsidy policy compliance. Results: China’s civil aircraft subsidy policy raises concerns over the benefits conferred, specificity, prohibited, and actionable subsidie

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