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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Substantiation'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 June 2024

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1

Freeman, Carolyn Marie. "Process improvement and analytics of commercial material substantiation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80996.

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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division; in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-56).
Sikorsky is currently negotiating the SDTA proposal for the CH-53K helicopter. Due to the Truth In Negotiations Act (TINA), when submitting a proposal to the government all suppliers with a total award greater than $700,000 need to have supporting documentation (material substantiation) showing that pricing is fair and reasonable. This can be accomplished through competition, a cost-price analysis (CPA), or commerciality. Each entity involved in the proposal prefers a different substantiation method: the government prefers CPA or competition, the suppliers prefer commerciality, and Sikorsky prefers competition. Because the government and suppliers have opposing views on commerciality, the government has increased the oversight and complexity of the commercial process. Previously, a proposal's commerciality claims required only a commerciality claim form and an invoice showing that the part had been sold to a commercial entity, but did not require the supplier to provide the commercial invoice price. For the SDTA proposal, an approved commerciality claim required a commerciality form, non-redacted invoices showing pricing information and the customer to which the part was sold, an escalated price analysis to support price reasonableness, a detailed list of modifications to the commercial part, an estimated cost of the modifications, and final commercial end user information. The commercial process involved roughly 90 Sikorsky employees and required roughly 11 months to fulfill all of the government's SDTA commercial requirements. As a comparison, CPA substantiation was completed 4 months prior to commerciality. Reasons for the long cycle time include labor time, a lengthy paper internal approval process including process downtime, lost or misprocessed documents, and insufficient employee training. To combat these inefficiencies, a formalized commercial substantiation process that uses an electronic workspace to provide process control is proposed in this thesis. The formalized commercial substantiation process decreases the required labor hours by an estimated 43%, decreases the internal approval cycle time by 74%, and provides secure document management. These improvements not only benefit the company internally, but also provide external benefits like an increase in government satisfaction which will help Sikorsky attain additional government contracts.
by Carolyn Marie Freeman.
S.M.
M.B.A.
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2

Tokareva, Svetlana. "Logistical substantiation of zero waste concept implementation in countryside." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2007. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13117.

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3

Sauer, Raymond D. "Credible information? : the impact of the FTC's advertising substantiation program /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7380.

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4

Toulas, N. "Safety factors and risk in fatigue substantiation of helicopter componenets." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438956.

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5

Harris, Elizabeth Woodward. "Tucson eat yourself: Food, ethnicity and the substantiation of identity." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278703.

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For twenty five years, during the second weekend of October, El Presidio Park in downtown Tucson has been the site of a folk festival that aims to celebrate southern Arizona's ethnic diversity and create community amongst Tucsonans. Formerly Tucson Meet Yourself, the festival is today known as the Tucson Heritage Experience. Since its inception in 1974, the festival has showcased ethnicity through music and dance, costumes, storytelling, workshops, and craft demonstrations but most importantly through the sale and preparation of food. This thesis examines the role of food in constructions of community and ethnicity at the Tucson Heritage Experience. Situated at the crossroads of wider debates concerned with the nature of ethnicity, community formation, and the relationship between food and identity, this thesis draws on ethnographic field research to argue that the unique, incorporative nature of food makes it a powerful medium in the substantiation of community and ethnic ties.
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6

Rodzevičiūtė, Emilija. "Substantiation of contents and structure of a secondary school teacher's pedagogical competency." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20091223_133855-21533.

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Pedagogical competence of a contemporary teacher and its continuous improvement is the key factor determining teacher’s professional development and high quality professional activity. The doctoral dissertation focuses on analysis what should be the contents and structure of a pedagogical competence model of a secondary school teacher, which can be introduced as a standard for teacher preparation in a higher school.
Šiuolaikinės besikeičiančios visuomenės spartėjantys pasikeitimai meta iššūkį mokytojams, jų pedagoginiam kompetentingumui. Mokytojo pedagoginis kompetentingumas ir nuolatinis jo tobulinimas yra pagrindinis veiksnys, lemiantis mokytojo profesinį tobulėjimą ir kokybišką veiklą. Disertacijoje siekiama išsiaiškinti, koks turi būti vidurinės mokyklos mokytojo pedagoginio kompetentingumo turinio ir struktūros modelis, kurį būtų galima siūlyti kaip mokytojo standarto rengimo prielaidą aukštojoje pedagoginėje mokykloje.
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7

Ballion, Tatiana. "Physiological Reactions to Uncanny Stimuli: Substantiation of Self-Assessment and Individual Perception." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5111.

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There is abundant anecdotal evidence substantiating Mori's initial observation of the "uncanny valley", a point at which human response to non-human entities drops sharply with respect to comfort (Mori, 1970), and the construct itself has a long-standing history in both Robotics and Psychology. Currently, many fields such as design, training, entertainment, and education make use of heuristic approaches to accommodate the anticipated needs of the user/consumer/audience in certain important aspects. This is due to the lack of empirical substantiation or, in some cases, the impossibility of rigorous quantification; one such area is with respect to the user's experience of uncanniness, a feeling of "eeriness" or "wrongness" when interacting with artefacts or environments. Uncanniness, however, continues to be defined and measured in a largely subjective way, and often after the fact; an experience or product's uncanny features are pointed out after the item has been markedly avoided or complained about by the general public. These studies are among the first seeking to determine a constellation of personality traits and physiological responses that incline the user to have a more frequent or profound “uncanny" reaction when presented with stimuli meeting the criteria for a level of "eeriness". In study 1, 395 adults were asked to categorize 200 images as uncanny, neutral, pleasant, or other. In Study 2, physiological and eye-tracking data was collected from twenty two adults as they viewed uncanny, neutral and pleasant images culled from study 1. This research identifies components of the uncanny valley related to subjective assessment, personality factors (using the HEXACO and Anthropomorphic Tendencies Scale), and biophysical measures, and found that traits unique to Emotionality on the HEXACO inventory, compounded with a form of anthropomorphism demonstrates a level of relationship to the subjective experience of uncanny stimuli. There is evidence that HEXACO type and forms of anthropomorphic perception mediates the biophysical expression and the subjective perception of the stimuli. In keeping with psychological hypotheses, stimuli to which the participants had greatest response centered on death, the threat of death, or mismatched/absent facial features.
ID: 031001349; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Adviser: .; Title from PDF title page (viewed April 19, 2013).; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 209-217).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Psychology
Sciences
Psychology; Human Factors Psychology
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8

Хмиз, Я. О. "The substantiation of measures on improving the competitiveness of the furniture products." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10798.

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9

Labanauskas, Gintautas. "Substantiation of investments into development of the prioritized overland transport infrastructure in Lithuania." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100708_134230-56929.

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During the last several years till the beginning of the global financial crisis Lithuania’s economy was rapidly growing as per high percentage of GDP, growing sales and profitability of the industrial sector. These indicators speak about Lithuanian industry and different business areas being capable of adjus- ting to the complicated international market environment. Important factors leading to a faster and stable growth of the country’s economy are implementa- tion of modern technologies, renovation of companies, introduction of new operation processes as well as expeditious investment possibilities and commu- nication system effective functioning. Nowadays continuously intensifying processes of economic, social and political globalization necessitate foundation of large transport companies and integration of the existing transport systems of different countries into one glo- bal system thus forming international transport corridors that ensure faster mo- vement of vehicle flows (as well as material goods, i. e. cargoes) between diffe- rent countries, the entire process being based on application of modern logistic know-how for cargo carriage. Integration of Lithuania’s transport network into a common European transport system would be a good opportunity to attract additional transit flows and to warehouse cargoes in the logistic centres or terminals, at the same time creating rational transit transport policy and implementing one of the main principles of the... [to full text]
Disertacijoje tiriamas investicijų į Lietuvos sausumos transporto infrastruktūros prioritetinę plėtrą pagrįstumas. Pagrindiniai tyrimų objektai yra: Lietuvos transporto sektorius, logistikos centrų ir transporto terminalų vieta Lietuvos transporto bei verslo sistemoje, jų ekonominė įtaka verslui. Šie objektai yra svarbūs tiek socialiniu, tiek ekonominiu aspektais, nes išvystyta, patraukli vežėjams transporto infrastruktūra padidina tranzitinius krovinių srautus, skatina vystymąsi eilės šakinių ūkio subjektų. Todėl disertacijoje tiriant logistikos centrų ir transporto terminalų reikšmę ir poveikį verslui ir Lietuvos ūkio plėtrai formuojamos teorinės ekonominės logistikos centrų ir transporto terminalų bei jų jungiamųjų grandžių plėtros prielaidos ir metodiniai sprendimai. Darbo tikslas: Disertaciniame darbe tyrimo tikslas yra ištirti hipotetinę naujų transporto grandžių ir terminalų reikšmę bei poveikį verslui, suformuluojant teorines ekonominės prioritetinės infrastruktūros ir tarpterminalinių vežimų plėtros prielaidas bei metodinius sprendimus. Darbą sudaro įvadas, trys skyriai, rezultatų apibendrinimas, naudotos literatūros ir autoriaus publikacijos disertacijos tema sąrašai ir priedas. Įvadiniame skyriuje analizuojami šalies ir užsienio mokslininkų požiūriai į tiriamą problemą, formuluojamas darbo tikslas bei uždaviniai, aprašomas mokslinis darbo naujumas, pristatomos autoriaus publikacijos, patei¬kiama disertacijos struktūra. Pirmajame skyriuje analizuojamas užsienio... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Bezerra, Sara Taciana Firmino. "Nursing consultation to person with hypertension: possibility of substantiation in Theory of Goal Attainment." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16836.

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Defendeu-se o pressuposto de que a Teoria Imogene King favorece a interaÃÃo enfermeiro-paciente para o estabelecimento mÃtuo de metas de saÃde. Os objetivos foram: proporcionar reflexÃo coletiva sobre o contexto da Consulta de Enfermagem ao paciente com hipertensÃo, discutir o Modelo Conceitual de Sistemas Abertos e a Teoria do Alcance de Metas com enfermeiros, relacionar a Teoria com o Cuidado ao paciente com hipertensÃo e investigar a percepÃÃo de enfermeiros acerca da Teoria do Alcance de Metas para implementaÃÃo da Consulta de Enfermagem ao paciente com hipertensÃo. A teoria pode viabilizar a interaÃÃo efetiva do enfermeiro com o paciente para conduzir à identificaÃÃo de problemas de saÃde, elaboraÃÃo de metas, alÃm da discussÃo sobre os meios e estratÃgias para o alcance dessas metas com acompanhamento contÃnuo para reformulÃ-las, quando necessÃrio. Por isso, desenvolveu-se pesquisa qualitativa e intervencionista, junto a sete enfermeiras atuantes na EstratÃgia SaÃde da FamÃlia, que atendem pacientes com hipertensÃo, na atenÃÃo primÃria em SaÃde do MunicÃpio de MaracanaÃ-CE. Os dados foram produzidos de fevereiro a agosto de 2014, por meio da realizaÃÃo da tÃcnica de Grupo Focal, audiogravados e transcritos, para anÃlise da produÃÃo de sentidos com base nas prÃticas discursivas, como proposto por Spink. Realizaram-se cinco encontros cujos resultados produziram 17 categorias e sete subcategorias. Acerca da reflexÃo da conjuntura da Consulta de Enfermagem, emergiram seis categorias: visÃo do atendimento com as subcategorias acolhimento, ambulatÃrio e descriÃÃo da consulta; percepÃÃo da enfermeira sobre o paciente; sobrecarga da enfermeira na ESF; elementos cientÃficos; relaÃÃo com o profissional mÃdico; e relaÃÃo com outros setores. Sobre as percepÃÃes, opiniÃes e conhecimento das enfermeiras sobre os conceitos propostos por King, cinco categorias foram elaboradas: sÃntese do encontro anterior; conhecimento dos conceitos propostos pela teÃrica, cujas subcategorias sÃo sistema pessoal, sistema interpessoal, sistema social e trÃs sistemas; demanda; participaÃÃo da famÃlia; e experiÃncias de cuidado. No que diz respeito à Teoria do Alcance de Metas, formaram-se as categorias: percepÃÃo da interaÃÃo com o paciente; e percepÃÃo do registro de Enfermagem metaorientado. A avaliaÃÃo do grupo resultou nas categorias: percepÃÃo do instrumento; enfrentamentos do cotidiano; o problema para implementaÃÃo; finalizaÃÃo do estudo. Esses resultados descrevem a experiÃncia de avaliar uma realidade, refletindo sobre suas dificuldades e potencialidades, o desafio de conhecer o novo, a Teoria do Alcance de Metas e de vivenciar sua utilizaÃÃo na prÃtica clÃnica de Enfermagem com o paciente com hipertensÃo, para tomada de decisÃo de aderir à mudanÃa. Conclui-se que a tese se confirmou, jà que o enfermeiro utilizou a Teoria do Alcance de Metas para fundamentar a Consulta de Enfermagem ao paciente com hipertensÃo, mas que a rotina, a sobrecarga e as demandas do serviÃo dificultam a adesÃo à sua implementaÃÃo efetiva na ESF.
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Tkachuk, O. Yu. "Experimental substantiation of medical application of the new combined oil phytoextract with hepatotropic action." Thesis, БДМУ, 2021. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/18911.

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12

Starr, Alexis V. "Predicting Substantiation of Office of Inspector General Investigations Using Multinomial Naïve Bayes and Natural Language Processing." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=28256297.

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Low substantiation rates are pervasive across the federal Office of Inspector General (OIG) community due to high levels of uncertainty and limited data availability at the time of case selection. OIG management often selects cases based on intuition and past experience. Intuitive project selection has proven unsuccessful because the methods are often subjective, prone to bias, and lead to error. The high uncertainty surrounding case selection and the current selection method employed by OIG management teams results in a significant loss of investigative resources spent on unsubstantiated cases. This research presents a novel approach to predict OIG investigative case substantiation using natural language processing techniques and multinomial naïve Bayes to retrieve information from complaint intakes. It aims to improve OIG substantiation rates and reduce the cost associated with unsubstantiated cases. The model developed in this study significantly outperformed OIG management and was 20% more accurate in the prediction of substantiated and unsubstantiated cases. This model will augment investigative case selection and improve investigative targeting, increase impact of investigative work, and improve OIG investigative resource allocation. Its application will result in a significant savings by reducing the resources dedicated to cases with a low probability of substantiation.
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Pirttilä-Backman, Anna-Maija. "The social psychology of knowledge reassessed : toward a new delineation of the field with empirical substantiation /." Helsinki : Suomalainen tiedeakatemia, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35731665c.

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14

Žilys, Vaidotas. "Įrodymų vertinimas baudžiamajame procese." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20080125_132345-61184.

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Baigiamojo darbo tema – įrodymų vertinimas baudžiamajame procese. Įrodymų vertinimas – įrodinėjimo proceso esmė. Teisingas įrodymų įvertinimas turi tiesioginės įtakos teismui baudžiamojoje byloje nustatant objektyvią tiesą ir priimant teisingą sprendimą dėl asmens kaltumo, todėl visais laikais buvo ir yra vienas iš svarbiausių mokslinių diskusijų objektų baudžiamojo proceso teisėje. Įsigaliojus naujajam BPK ilgą laiką gyvavusi įrodymų teorija, apimanti įrodymų vertinimą, nebeatitinka šių dienų aktualijų. Įrodymų vertinimas tapo išimtine teismo prerogatyva, todėl bandyta išsiaiškinti, kaip duomenys vertinami visame įrodinėjimo procese, bei išnagrinėti aktualią įrodymų vertinimo problematiką. Tuo tikslu atliktas empirinis tyrimas, kurio metu buvo išnagrinėtos 187 baud���iamosios bylos, kuriose buvo 262 epizodai, taip pat išanalizuoti 33 nutarimai nutraukti ikiteisminį tyrimą. Aktualiai įrodymų vertinimo sampratai atskleisti darbe analizuojamos galiojančio BPK nuostatos ir prieita prie išvados, kad BPK pateiktos įrodymus ir įrodinėjimą apibrėžiančios teisės normos Lietuvos teisinėje sistemoje yra išskirtinės ir niekuo nepagrįstos. Duomenų pripažinimas įrodymais – tai rezultatas, kuris gaunamas įvertinus jų liečiamumą, leistinumą ir tikrumą, o, pripažinus duomenis įrodymais, atliekamas įrodymų pakankamumo vertinimas. Darbe pateikiamas naujai reglamentuotas duomenų bei įrodymų vertinimo subjektų ratas ir nustatyta, kad vertinančiuoju subjektu yra ne tik teismas, bet ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The topic of the final paper is “The Evaluation of Evidences in Criminal Procedure”. The evaluation of evidences is “the soul” of the averment procedure. Right evaluation of evidences has a direct influence for a court in finding objective truth in a criminal case and in decreeing rightly on a person’s culpability, thus, it has been one of the most important objects of scientific discussion in Criminal Procedure Law at all times. After the new Code of Criminal Procedure (hereafter – CCP) has entered into force, the theory of evidences covering the evaluation of evidences that was prevailing for a long time does not meet the topicality of today any more. The evaluation of evidences has become an exceptional prerogative of court, thus there has been an attempt to find out how the facts are being evaluated along the whole averment procedure and to analyze relevant topicality of evidence evaluation. For this reason an empirical research has been carried out that covered the analysis of 187 criminal cases with 262 episodes involved, as well as 33 decisions to nonsuit pretrial investigation have been examined. In order to reveal a relevant concept of evidence evaluation the final paper analyses the provisions of CCP being in force and the conclusion has been made that the rules of law that are presented in CCP and define evidence and averment are exceptional and not reasoned in Lithuanian legal system. The validation of facts to be evidences is the result that is achieved after... [to full text]
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Murphy, Sara K. "Factors utilized in screening and substantiation decisions of reports of maltreatment of children in out of home care /." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487857546388532.

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16

Iqbal, Naeem. "Comprehensive functional analysis of the 13 Vibrio cholerae N16961 toxin-antitoxin systems and their cross interactions : substantiation of their role for the superintegron stability." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066150.

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Les systèmes toxine antitoxine TA bactériens résultent de l’action de deux protéines une toxine stable et une antitoxine très instable, les gènes codant pour ces protéines sont sous forme d’un opéron. Les toxines sont capables d’inhiber la croissance cellulaire et / ou la viabilité, mais dans des conditions propices l’antitoxine protège l'hôte contre les effets nocifs de la toxine. Le génome de V. Cholerae N16961 contient 13 loci qui sont annotés comme des TA. Notre étude montre que ces systèmes TA sont fonctionnels chez E. Coli comme chez V. Cholerae. Cependant, chaque système TA est distinct. Nous avons établi que l'antitoxine d’un système donné est incapable de neutraliser l'activité de la toxine d’un autre système. Ces résultats donne du crédit à l’hypothèse d’un rôle de ces systèmes TA chromosomiques à stabiliser des îlots génomiques. Nous avons également démontré que l'expression ectopique de la toxine (les 13 ont été testés) induit le phénomène de persistance. Cette meilleure connaissance des systèmes TA présents sur le SI de V. Cholerae, va permettre à la fois d’approfondir l’étude de leur fonction dans ce contexte, ainsi que celle plus large du rôle précis des SI chez les vibrios
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Hansen, Kevin E. "Analyzing the effect of complaints, investigation of allegations, and deficiency citations on the quality of care in United States nursing homes (2007 – 2012)." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5697.

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The quality of care in nursing homes has been evaluated from many varying perspectives, but few studies have analyzed quality in light of complaints made to state survey agencies by residents, their family members, or other individuals interacting with the nursing home. This study analyzed complaints, investigation of complaint allegations, and complaint-related deficiency citations to determine their effect, if any, on the quality of care in nationwide nursing homes. Using the Online Survey Certification and Reporting (OSCAR) survey dataset for facility characteristics and the complaint investigation dataset for outcomes of complaint investigation, analyses conducted included descriptives, correlations, conceptual mapping for complaint-related deficiencies, chi-square tests of independence, t-tests, and generalized estimating equations. At baseline, approximately 66% of nursing homes were for-profit and roughly 53% belonged to a chain membership, while the average percent of residents receiving Medicaid for care reimbursement was 60%. Results indicated that nursing homes differed significantly by profit status and chain membership on whether a complaint was received and whether a deficiency citation was issued following a complaint investigation. Additionally, certain facility and resident-aggregated characteristics, as indicated by odds ratios, were associated with an increase in the likelihood of receiving a complaint or a complaint-related citation. With respect to facility characteristics, for-profit nursing homes and those nursing homes belonging to a chain membership were found to have more complaints and more complaint-related deficiency citations than nonprofit nursing homes and non-chain facilities. Resident-aggregated characteristics, such as a nursing home having more residents restrained, more residents with a catheter, or more residents with a diagnosis of depression, indicated a greater likelihood of receiving a complaint or complaint-related deficiency citation in longitudinal analyses. While additional research could aid in interpreting the effect of complaints on quality of care in nursing homes, study results indicate several facility and resident-aggregated factors that may aid in better understanding of quality of care and improve the training of surveyors and nursing home staff to improve quality of care for residents.
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Крамський, В. І. "Реконструкція мережі електропостачання ПАТ “Сумихімпром”." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/71399.

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Виконано реконструкція мережі електропостачання ПАТ «Сумихімпром». Були виконані наступні розрахунки: – розрахунок електропостачання споживачів ТП-49; – розраховані параметри релейного захисту та автоматики ТП-49; – проведена модернізація електропостачання споживачів, а саме – зміна напруги з 6 кВ на 10 кВ, проведений розрахунок та вибір силового кабелю та проведений порівняльний аналіз двох мереж живлення та вибір оптимальної мережі живлення споживачів ТП-49; -проведений аналіз шкідливих та небезпечних факторів при обслуговуванні трансформаторної підстанції та при виконанні ремонтних робіт і обслуговуванні кабельних ліній електропередачі. Розраховано заземлюючий контур ТП-49; -проведено розрахунок затрат на модернізацію ТП-49.
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Сотник, Ірина Миколаївна, Ирина Николаевна Сотник, Iryna Mykolaivna Sotnyk, Микола Іванович Сотник, Николай Иванович Сотник, and Mykola Ivanovych Sotnyk. "Проблеми формування економічно обгрунтованих тарифів на теплопостачання у Сумській області." Thesis, ПолтНТУ, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/46491.

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Розглянуто функції тарифів у контексті забезпечення сталого теплопостачання споживачів. Визначено вади існуючої в Україні системи тарифоутворення, яка не стимулює до енергозбереження як більшість споживачів, так і теплопостачальників. Обґрунтовано, що зростання цін на енергоресурси обумовлює збільшення субсидій населенню на оплату комунальних послуг, демотивуючи споживачів до енергозбереження. Таку ситуацію визначено як «енергетичну яму» та запропоновано шляхи виходу з неї.
Рассмотрены функции тарифов в контексте обеспечения устойчивого теплоснабжения потребителей. Определены недостатки существующей в Украине системы тарифообразования, не стимулирующей энергосбережение как у большинства потребителей, так и у теплопоставщиков. Обосновано, что рост цен на энергоресурсы обусловливает увеличение субсидий населению на оплату коммунальных услуг, демотивируя потребителей к энергосбережению. Такая ситуация определена как «энергетическая яма» и предложены пути выхода из нее.
There are considered functions of tariffs in the context of sustainable heat supply for consumers. Flaws in the existing tariff system of Ukraine that discourages energy conservation as for most consumers as well as for heat suppliers are detected. There is proved that increase in energy prices causes an increase in subsidies for utilities, which demotivate consumers to save energy. This situation is defined as "energy hole" and the ways out of it are proposed.
Публікація містить результати досліджень, виконаних за грантом Президента України за конкурсним проектом № Ф66/12689 Державного фонду фундаментальних досліджень
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20

Özgün, Aybüke. "Evidence in Epistemic Logic : A Topological Perspective." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0200/document.

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Cette thèse de doctorat est une investigation des logiques de la connaissance, de la croyance et de la dynamique d'information, en utilisant des outils de topologie et logique épistémique (dynamique). La partie I concerne les interprétations fondées sur des preuves de croyances justifiées et connaissance. Commencer par une interprétation topologique des connaissances désormais standard en tant qu'opérateur intérieur, nous développons, de manière progressive, un cadre qui (1) peut parler de preuves non seulement sémantiquement, mais aussi le niveau syntaxique, rendant ainsi la notion de preuve plus explicite; (2) prend la preuve comme la notion la plus primitive, et définit la croyance et la connaissance purement basé sur elle. Dans la partie II de cette dissertation, nous nous concentrons sur notions de connaissances ainsi que divers types de dynamique de l'information comprenant apprendre de nouvelles preuves. Plus précisément, cette partie est centrée autour des notions de certaines connaissances et savoir-faire en tant que «connaissances potentielles», ainsi que les liens entre la notion abstraite d'effort épistémique englobant toute méthode l'acquisition de preuves et les attitudes dynamiques bien étudiées telles que les annonces publiques arbitraires. Pour résumer, cette thèse réinterprète d'une part certaines logiques épistémiques et doxastiques existantes et leurs extensions dynamiques d'un point de vue topologique, fournissant une interprétation fondée sur des preuves. D'un autre côté, elle utilise des outils topologiques pour affiner et étendre les analyses antérieures, conduisant à de nouvelles logiques de la dynamique des preuves et de l'information
This dissertation brings together epistemic logic and topology. It studies formal representations of the notion of evidence and its link to justification, justified belief, knowledge, and evidence-based information dynamics, by using tools from topology and (dynamic) epistemic logic. Part I is concerned with evidence-based interpretations of justified belief and knowledge. Starting with a by-now-standard topological interpretation of knowledge as the interior operator, we develop, in a gradual manner, a topological framework that (1) can talk about evidence not only semantically, but also at the syntactic level, thereby making the notion of evidence more explicit; (2) takes evidence as the most primitive notion, and defines belief and knowledge purely based on it, thereby linking these two crucial notions of epistemology at a deeper, more basic level. In Part II of this dissertation, we focus on notions of knowledge as well as various types of information dynamics comprising learning new evidence. More precisely, this part is centered around the notions of absolutely certain knowledge and know ability as "potential knowledge", as well as the connections between the abstract notion of epistemic effort encompassing any method of evidence acquisition and the well-studied dynamic attitudes such as public and arbitrary public announcements. To sum up, this dissertation on one hand re-interprets some existing epistemic and doxastic logics and their dynamic extensions from a topological perspective, providing an evidence-based interpretation. On the other hand, it uses topological tools to refine and extend earlier analysis, leading to novel logics of evidence and information dynamics
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21

Kartašovaitė, Alina. "Žemės naudojimo pagrindimas Šiaulių rajone." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130621_142440-25866.

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Baigiamojo darbo tikslas yra išanalizuoti ir pagrįsti žemės naudojimą Šiaulių rajone. Baigiamojo darbo uždaviniai: išanalizuoti žemės naudojimą reglamentuojančius dokumentus, taip pat išnagrinėti Šiaulių rajono žemės naudojimo ypatumus bei pagrįsti žemės naudojimą Šiaulių rajone. Lietuva yra nedidelė šalis, tačiau gamtinės sąlygos joje gana skirtingos. Tai dirvožemių įvairovė, nevienodas reljefas, net klimato skirtumai. Lyginant dirvožemius, reljefą ir klimatą, šalyje išskirtos trys gamtinės zonos – Vakarų, Vidurio ir Rytų. Šiaulių rajonas yra Lietuvos šiaurės vakarų dalyje - Rytų Europos lygumos pakraštyje, Lietuvos vidurio žemumoje. Rajono savivaldybės bendras žemės plotas 2012 m. sausio 1 d. siekia 180732 ha, iš jų žemės ūkio naudmenų plotas sudaro 10315 ha, tame skaičiuje: 90904 ha ariama žemė, 1260 ha sodai, 10988 ha pievos ir natūralios ganyklos. Rajone yra 59586 ha miškų. Šiaulių rajone privačios žemės plotas sudaro 108676 ha , 72048 ha yra valstybinė žemė - nusausintos žemės plotas 29713 ha. Rajono teritorijoje vyraujančios žemumos - tinkamos žemdirbystei, todėl čia gausu žemės ūkio bei jo produktų perdirbimo įmonių. Yra ir laisvų žemės plotų, tinkamų verslo plėtrai, su netoliese esančiomis komunikacijomis (dujotiekiu, elektros bei vandentiekio magistraliniais tinklais). Šiaulių rajono žemės naudojimo pagrindimui turi įtakos tiek pačios žemės pasiskirstymas pagal paskirtis, tiek kraštovaizdžio ypatybės, turizmas, naudingosios iškasenos bei ūkininkų skaičius ir ūkių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The aim of this graduation paper is to analyse land use in Siauliai district. Objectives of the work: analysis of land use regulations, documents, also analysis of land use characteristics based on the use of land in Siauliai district. Although Lithuania is a small country, it has many natural variations. It has a variety of soils, relief and climatic differences too. When comparing soil, relief and climate, Lithuania can be divided into three regions – West, Central and East. Siauliai region is in North west of Lithuania – on the edge of the East Europe flatlands. As on January 1st 2012 the land area totals 180,732ha. This comprises 10,315 ha of agricultural land, made up of 90,904 ha of arable land, 1,260 ha of gardens and 10,988 ha of grassland and natural pasture. In Siauliai region there are 59,586 ha forests. Private land amounts to 108,676 ha, 72,048 ha is state land and drained land amounts to 29713 ha. Because much of the land is suitable for agriculture, there are many agricultural and product recycling companies in existence. Siauliai region land use depends on land distribution, landscape properties, tourism, minerals, also farmers and farms size. Land use perspective is not about analysis of statistic data, but also evaluation of all factors, on which land uses and intensity depends. Under the current farm specialization provides, that it is more in line with the development needs of industries, environmental protection and management of land use requirements... [to full text]
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22

Janeliūnienė, Aida. "Žemės naudojimo Pakruojo rajono savivaldybėje tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140616_111508-44110.

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Baigiamojo darbo tikslas yra išanalizuoti ir pagrįsti žemės ūkio paskirties žemės naudojimą Pakruojo rajono savivaldybėje. Baigiamojo darbo uždaviniai: išanalizuoti žemės naudojimą reglamentuojančius dokumentus, išnagrinėti Pakruojo rajono savivaldybės žemės ūkio paskirties žemės naudojimo ypatumus bei pagrįsti žemės naudojimą ir nustatyti žemės konsolidacijos poreikį Pakruojo rajono savivaldybėje. Lietuva nedidelė šalis, tačiau gamtinės sąlygos kiekviename regione gali smarkiai skirtis, tai nevienodas reljefas, dirvožemių įvairovė, net klimato skirtumai. Lyginant reljefą, dirvožemius ir klimatą, šalyje išskiriamos trys gamtinės zonos – Rytų, Vakarų ir Vidurio. Pakruojo rajono savivaldybė yra šiaurės Lietuvoje. Rajono savivaldybės bendras žemės plotas 2014 m. sausio 1 d. siekia 131556,90 ha, iš jų žemės ūkio naudmenų plotas sudaro 94137,87 ha, tame skaičiuje: 87974,00 ha ariamoji žemė, 556,96 ha sodai, 5606,91 ha pievos ir natūralios ganyklos. Rajone yra 25828,59 ha miškų. Pakruojo rajono savivaldybėje privačios fizinių asmenų žemės plotas sudaro 98235,25 ha, privačios juridinių asmenų žemės plotas sudaro 12469,56 ha, 14492,16 ha yra valstybinė žemė, nusausintos žemės plotas 94340,01 ha. Rajone vyraujančios žemumos yra tinkamos žemdirbystei, todėl čia didelis skaičius žemės ūkio bei jo produktų perdirbimo įmonių. Taip pat yra laisvų žemės plotų, tinkamų verslo plėtrai. Pakruojo rajono savivaldybės žemės naudojimui turi įtakos tiek pačios žemės pasiskirstymas pagal... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The aim of this graduation paper is to analize and base agricultural land use in Pakruojis district. Objectives of the work: analysis of agricultural land use regulations, documents, also analysis of land use characteristics based on the use of agricultural land in Pakruojis district. Lithuania is a small country, but condition of nature is quite different. There is variety of soil, relief, also climat differences. Taking into account soil, relief and climate differences, in Lithuania there are three natural zones – West, Central and East. Pakruojis region is in North west of Lithuania– in the edge of East Europe flatlands. Region land area was 131556,90 ha in 2014 the first of January. In this area is 10315 ha of agricultural land: 90904 ha arable land, 1260 ha gardens, 10988 ha grassland and natural pasture. In Siauliu region is 59586 ha forests, private land 108676 ha, 72048 ha is state land, drained land area is 29713 ha. In Region teritory land is suitable for agriculture, consequantly in this land there are many agriculture and product recycling companies. Siauliai region land use depends on land distribution, landscape properties, tourism, minerals, also farmers and farms size. Land use perspective is not about analysis of statistic data, but also evaluation of all factors, on which land uses and intensity depends. Under the current farm specialization, it is more in line with the development needs of industries, environmental protection and management of land use... [to full text]
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23

Özgün, Aybüke. "Evidence in Epistemic Logic : A Topological Perspective." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0200.

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Cette thèse de doctorat est une investigation des logiques de la connaissance, de la croyance et de la dynamique d'information, en utilisant des outils de topologie et logique épistémique (dynamique). La partie I concerne les interprétations fondées sur des preuves de croyances justifiées et connaissance. Commencer par une interprétation topologique des connaissances désormais standard en tant qu'opérateur intérieur, nous développons, de manière progressive, un cadre qui (1) peut parler de preuves non seulement sémantiquement, mais aussi le niveau syntaxique, rendant ainsi la notion de preuve plus explicite; (2) prend la preuve comme la notion la plus primitive, et définit la croyance et la connaissance purement basé sur elle. Dans la partie II de cette dissertation, nous nous concentrons sur notions de connaissances ainsi que divers types de dynamique de l'information comprenant apprendre de nouvelles preuves. Plus précisément, cette partie est centrée autour des notions de certaines connaissances et savoir-faire en tant que «connaissances potentielles», ainsi que les liens entre la notion abstraite d'effort épistémique englobant toute méthode l'acquisition de preuves et les attitudes dynamiques bien étudiées telles que les annonces publiques arbitraires. Pour résumer, cette thèse réinterprète d'une part certaines logiques épistémiques et doxastiques existantes et leurs extensions dynamiques d'un point de vue topologique, fournissant une interprétation fondée sur des preuves. D'un autre côté, elle utilise des outils topologiques pour affiner et étendre les analyses antérieures, conduisant à de nouvelles logiques de la dynamique des preuves et de l'information
This dissertation brings together epistemic logic and topology. It studies formal representations of the notion of evidence and its link to justification, justified belief, knowledge, and evidence-based information dynamics, by using tools from topology and (dynamic) epistemic logic. Part I is concerned with evidence-based interpretations of justified belief and knowledge. Starting with a by-now-standard topological interpretation of knowledge as the interior operator, we develop, in a gradual manner, a topological framework that (1) can talk about evidence not only semantically, but also at the syntactic level, thereby making the notion of evidence more explicit; (2) takes evidence as the most primitive notion, and defines belief and knowledge purely based on it, thereby linking these two crucial notions of epistemology at a deeper, more basic level. In Part II of this dissertation, we focus on notions of knowledge as well as various types of information dynamics comprising learning new evidence. More precisely, this part is centered around the notions of absolutely certain knowledge and know ability as "potential knowledge", as well as the connections between the abstract notion of epistemic effort encompassing any method of evidence acquisition and the well-studied dynamic attitudes such as public and arbitrary public announcements. To sum up, this dissertation on one hand re-interprets some existing epistemic and doxastic logics and their dynamic extensions from a topological perspective, providing an evidence-based interpretation. On the other hand, it uses topological tools to refine and extend earlier analysis, leading to novel logics of evidence and information dynamics
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24

Sithirasenan, Elankayer. "Substantiating Anomalies in Wireless Networks Using Outlier Detection Techniques." Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365690.

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With the increasing dependence on Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), businesses and educational institutions are in real need of a robust security mechanism. The latest WLAN security protocol, the IEEE 802.11i assures rigid security for wireless networks with the support of IEEE 802.1x protocol for authentication, authorization and key distribution. Nevertheless, users remain skeptical since they lack confidence on the practical trustworthiness of these security mechanisms. In this research we propose a novel Early Warning System (EWS), built on the foundations of IEEE 802.11i security architecture. Our proposed system can effectively detect anomalies, substantiate them, and also identify the basis for such malicious behavior. It has a number of levels of defense to scrutinize malicious behaviors of the wireless network, caused by a range of factors including security issues. Security alerts will be raised only when the legitimacy of abnormal conditions is validated using effective outlier based substantiation techniques. Timing anomalies can occur due to various conditions including security vulnerabilities in the wireless environment. Hence, detecting and analyzing such anomalies may lead to significant advancement towards the detection of misbehaving wireless hosts. In this view, we have discussed the effectiveness of monitoring and analyzing round trip timing values between every request and response messages during the authentication process of wireless hosts. Further, to enhance the capabilities of our detection mechanism we have also considered the effect of behavioral anomalies of the wireless hosts. Every wireless host that tends to connect to the wireless network exhibits a particular behavior. This behavior may vary depending on a number of issues including security vulnerabilities. Hence, in this study we have discussed the use of behavioral analysis for detecting abnormal conditions. We have used the standard theoretical/practical behavior profiles developed using a software model of the wireless hosts to compare the actual behavior during a specific authentication process.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Information and Communication Technology
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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25

Шиліпук, Ольга Ярославівна. "Удосконалення маркетингової діяльності в забезпеченні конкурентоспроможності підприємства." Bachelor's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2019. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/28311.

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Дипломна робота на тему: «Удосконалення маркетингової діяльності в забезпеченні конкурентоспроможності підприємства» містить 114 сторінок, 30 таблиць, 11 рисунків, 3 додатки. Перелік посилань нараховує 43 найменування. Метою роботи є розробка шляхів удосконалення маркетингової діяльності підприємства у сучасних умовах ринкового становища України. Методи дослідження. У процесі дослідження шляхів удосконалення маркетингової діяльності торгово-посередницького підприємства застосовувалися: методи економічного і статистичного аналізу, групування, графічного моделювання організаційних структур, метод порівняння, метод експертних оцінок і графічний метод. Результати дослідження були дослідженні та прийняті до розгляду підприємством «КОНТЕ Україна» для забезпечення удосконалення використання маркетингової діяльності, цим самим забезпечивши зростання конкурентоспроможності підприємства. Результати впровадження дослідження апробовано на: Міжнародній науково-практичної конференції «Науково-технічний розвиток: економіка, технології, управління», а також на міжнародній науково-практичної конференції «Тенденції розвитку економіки у 2018 році: аналітичний та теоретико-методологічний аспекти»
Diploma work on the topic: «Improvement of marketing activity in ensuring the competitiveness of the enterprise» contains 114 pages, 30 tables, 11 figures, 3 applications. The list of references has 43 titles. The purpose of the work is to develop ways to improve the marketing activity of the enterprise in the current conditions of the market situation in Ukraine. Research methods. In the process of studying the ways of improving the marketing activities of the trade and intermediary enterprise used: methods of economic and statistical analysis, grouping, graphical modeling of organizational structures, the method of comparison, the method of expert evaluations and the graphical method. The results of the study were investigated and taken into consideration by KONTE Ukraine Company in order to improve the use of marketing activities, thus ensuring the growth of the competitiveness of the enterprise. The results of the research implementation were tested on: International scientific and practical conference "Scientific and technological development: economy, technology, management", as well as at the international scientific and practical conference "Trends in the development of the economy in 2018: analytical and theoretical and methodological aspects"
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26

Charles, Kelvin. "The common in Hardt and Negri : substantiating the concept through its urban, digital and political moments." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-common-in-hardt-and-negri-substantiating-the-concept-through-its-urban-digital-and-political-moments(fc091265-6fb3-43cf-99f4-6bc0510a8bdb).html.

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The concept of the common, found in Hardt and Negri, provides the possibility of theorising struggle that avoids the critiques that suggest Empire remains intangible, ethereal and postmodern. The concept, however, remains fragmentarily developed by the authors themselves, and is rarely the subject of sustained analysis in the secondary literature. Therefore, in order to substantiate the concept, I consider the common through three distinct moments which I identify as the urban, digital and political moments. This task is achieved through theoretical interlocutions and reflections on the 2011 Occupy movement. Throughout this thesis, and through each moment of the common, I argue that the concept must be understood as distinctly physical. Firstly, struggles over the urban common revolve around the physical (re)production of ideas, knowledge, culture and relationships in urban environments. Whilst the digital common often implies a lack of physicality, I argue that the common offers a means of thinking social media and perpetual connectivity primarily as a process of transforming the way humans engage with one another and their environments, and the radical possibilities therein. I argue that these moments of the common necessitate the development of an appropriate political moment of the common. Through centring on the physicality of struggle, Hardt and Negria's concept of the common is substantiated whilst contributing to wider debates in the field of radical theory and social movements.
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Paul, Joanne. "Of substantiating nature : the elements of architecture explained in eighteenth century interpretations, retold by Fra Barlo Lodoli." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22547.

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Fra Carlo Lodoli (1690-1761) was a priest and teacher with the Franciscans in Venice. His work encompassed a range of ideas concerning politics, history and architecture. Although he did not personally record his philosophy, his teachings became extremely influential to the period through the writings of his disciples: Memmo, Algarotti, and Milizia. His work was to question the codification of architectural theory as implemented in building. This was done through a critical investigation of the dynamic relationship between nature and human nature. Lodoli's architectural elements were created by a process of substitution which recognized the physical properties of materials and their adaptation into form through the course of culture. Echoing Vico's notion of the poetic, Lodoli used storytelling to express his idea. For Lodoli imagination was fundamental to the integration of program and built form. This role of imagination remains an important synthetic element in the formation of culture, linking memory, invention and making.
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Blöchle, Johannes [Verfasser], and Korbinian [Akademischer Betreuer] Möller. "Substantiating and specifying the neurocognitive architecture of numerical cognition : bridging the gap between domain specific and domain general cognitive processes / Johannes Blöchle ; Betreuer: Korbinian Möller." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/119994520X/34.

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29

Hsu, Chao-Ching, and 許兆慶. "Choice-of-Law: Substantiation of Connecting Factors." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00101486876567316320.

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30

She, Keng-Jen, and 佘耕任. "Managing Whose Risks? Child Abuse Substantiation Practices in Taiwan." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a95kgs.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
社會學研究所
105
Over the last decade (2006-2016), the reported child abuse allegations and substantiated abused children have both been increasing sharply, which has commonly been considered as a sign of deterioration of children’s safety, raising public and government’s concerns. However, due to the ambivalent statutory definitions of child abuse in Taiwanese laws, which was a legal reception of British and American child protection laws, it has been remained unknown when parental discipline would cross the line to become child abuse. For the purpose of shedding light on the practical content and standard of child abuse, I proposed three questions: first, what was the practical method of making a substantiation decision? Second, what would the institutional reforms arising from the Control Yuan’s corrective measures since 2010 affect the administration of local CPS agencies? Third, what would contextual factors and CPS workers’ personal characteristics affect their decision-making? Based on in-depth interviews with 16 CPS workers and agency managers from 4 cities/counties and analysis of the statutes, work guidelines, and reports of the Control Yuan, the main findings of the present study were: first, the increasingly intense surveillance on and punishment of decision errors have turned the substantiation decision-making into a bureaucratic game. In such a game, agency managers and frontline workers have developed a variety of “hedging strategies” to reduce the incidence of “type-1 error”, leading to a lower overall threshold of substantiation decision. In other words, specific parental discipline strategies recognized as “reasonable discipline” in the past were more likely to be judged as “inadequate/excessive discipline” at present, which means parents now were easier to become “abusers” legally. Second, the CPS workers’ practical standards of substantiation were some divergent, extensively scattering on a spectrum where one end was zero-tolerance to corporal punishment while the other end was severe injuries. The divergent decision thresholds were found resulting from different “discipline narratives” held by individual CPS workers. In these narratives, workers’ interpretation of childhood discipline experience, their identity as a CPS worker and their work experience where they have had to learned how to be a parent all affected how they drew the line between reasonable corporal punishment and abuse. Through exploration and analysis of macro-, meso-, and micro-level conditions and practices, I found that the meaning of “child abuse” has constantly been transformed and diverged, and that the CPS staffs who shall dedicate themselves to assessing and managing risks of clients, have been obsessed by the anxieties about the risks of being punished. The so-called “best-interests of the child” were wrapped by several layers of bureaucratic reasoning, indirectly leading to a tougher environment for parenting and parental discipline.
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Holton, Sarah. "Substantiation, defense and risk of sensory claims used for packaged foods." 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/39390.

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Master of Science
Food Science Institute
Edgar Chambers IV
Sensory claims, which are descriptive communications about a product’s sensorial attributes, are used in the food and beverage industry to market products every year. Food manufacturers use puffery, non-comparative and comparative (unsurpassed or superiority) sensory claims to communicate to consumers about sensory attributes and how they compare to other brands. However, food manufacturers cannot do so without the proper data to support them. Sensory and consumer perception studies can be used to provide the needed data to support sensory claims in a court of law. However, researchers must ensure data used to support these claims are defendable by a sound research plan which includes representative products tested by a suitable sample size of representative users in key geographical areas. Food companies spend thousands of dollars per year on sensory tests to specifically support food product claims. However, is this research worthy of investment by food companies when the risk, the likelihood of a challenge by competitors, consumers or public interest groups, may be high? Standards for conducting tests to support sensory claims were reviewed. Additionally, challenges of sensory claims were examined to determine the risk by claim type. Parallels from industry standards, sensory and advertising law experts, and cases from the National Advertising Division were drawn to assess the risk associated with different types of food claims and the likelihood of being challenged. Results show that a claim is likely to be challenged if it references or draws comparisons to a competitor’s product. One hundred percent of challenges in the past ten years regarding sensory claims were led by competitors, with a majority resulting in discontinued or modified claims. Therefore, to reduce wasted resources, a food manufacture should spend the time, money and energy to properly conduct claims testing when looking to make comparative claims. Sensory scientists should also review past claims cases and extensively understand how a case is reviewed and what the review panel considers as adequate support. With this knowledge, a sensory scientist can direct which claims to focus their company’s resources on, ensure a robustly designed study, achieve a higher likelihood of succeeding any challenge from the National Advertising Division or a competitor, and thus reduce the overall risk of making a claim. Further research connecting each claim type to actual revenue would be of interest. This information is limited as it lies within each company and may be a moving target as marketplaces and consumer preferences evolve over time.
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32

Katsumata, Yuriko. "The development and empirical substantiation of Japanese pedagogical materials based on kabuki." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/11762.

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Many researchers (e.g., Nation, 2001, 2015; Schmitt, 2000) have recognized the importance of vocabulary learning in second language (L2) or additional language (AL) acquisition. The strong effects of lexical and background knowledge on L2reading comprehension have similarly been found in various studies (e.g., Hu & Nation, 2000; Rokni & Hajilari, 2013). In the case of Japanese language, the opportunities for acquiring the lexical and background knowledge associated with Japanese history and culture, especially traditional culture, are scant, because only a small number of Japanese pedagogical materials deal minimally with these topics. Meanwhile, many learners are motivated to study Japanese because of their interest in Japanese history and culture, according to a survey conducted by the Japan Foundation in 2012. This project aimed to increase the opportunities for learning Japanese history and traditional culture through the development of new pedagogical materials based on kabuki, and then the empirical evaluation of the developed pedagogical materials. Nine Chinese-as-a-first-language Japanese learners at the upper-intermediate level participated in the nine-week online course, including the pre- and post-course tests in the first and last weeks. Employing a multi-method research approach, the study examined the changes in learners’ lexical and background knowledge related to Japanese history and culture, their reading comprehension, and their interest in kabuki. Four kinds of multiple-choice tests were administered to collect the quantitative data. In addition, the qualitative data were gathered through the pre- and post-course questionnaires and post-course individual interviews. Overall, the findings indicated that almost all participants increased their background knowledge of kabuki, as well as their vocabulary related to kabuki and general theatrical performances. The results in other areas, such as historical vocabulary, vocabulary depth, reading comprehension, and historical background knowledge were mixed. Further, concerning the depth of vocabulary knowledge, it was found that the learning of vocabulary depth was more difficult than learning of vocabulary breadth. Likewise, the knowledge of use, such as collocations and register constraints, was found to be more difficult to learn than other aspects of vocabulary depth. The participants’ reports in the post-course questionnaire and individual interviews showed that most participants seemed to have increased their interest in kabuki. Overall, the first-of-their-kind developed pedagogical materials contributed to the development of lexical and background knowledge, specifically knowledge associated with Japanese traditional culture and history. This study may provide a model for an evidence-based approach to the development of pedagogical materials that practitioners can adopt or adapt.
Graduate
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33

Fang, Lin-Gen, and 方林根. "On the Substantiation of the Public Order and Good Morals of Article 72 under Taiwan Civil Code." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52664143816062608468.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
法律學研究所
104
“Public order and good morals”This is not only a legal concept that widely used in the field of civil law, but also plays an important role in the entire legal system. Besides, judgments of our courts which is involving the public order and good morals are also numerous. However, the so-called“public order and morals”is a kind of general clause,which has the characteristic of highly abstract and uncertain. Judges have a great discretion to apply it to certain case, even almost depends on the judge''s own judgment. To make the results of judgments predictable for people and to prevent judges from arbitrary,it is important to describe the concept of“public order and good morals”, so as to substantiate it,which is also the main issue of this article. Nevertheless ,studying on all the provisions related to public order and good morals is a vast project, not yet a writer can afford it.Therefore,this article would focus on researching the substantiation of the public order and good morals of article 72 under Civil Code. Concerning the method of substantiation,to some extent,is classifying.Which means to summarize individual cases and compare each of it, in order to compose different types for reference. This article would not distinguish public order and good morals while analyzing the judgments relate to article 72 of Civil Code. Because public order and good morals cover both in the sense of a great part of the overlap, and it is a supplement to each other.Moreover, the courts also almost not differentiate it.You would find it''s hard to distinguish it,and meaningless. After referring to theory and practice on domestic and international, and analyzing the judgements of our courts,i tried to establish my own categories of case groups and discuss some controversial or significant cases. In addition,i found that our courts frequently use Benefit Measurement Method to decide if juridical acts in individual cases fit in with public order and good morals.However,in most cases, the court did not elaborate the basis and reason to their judgments.As for it,i put forward my criticism and opinions as this article''s conclusion.
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34

Natesan, Prathiba. "Estimation of two-parameter multilevel item response models with predictor variables: simulation and substantiation for an urban school district." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1683.

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The most recent development in the field of Item Response Theory (IRT) has been the evaluation of IRT models as multilevel models, known as Multilevel IRT models (MLIRT). These models offer several statistical and practical advantages over ordinary IRT models. However, models such as 2-PL MLIRT models have not been studied yet. This dissertation consists of two studies, a simulation and a substantiation for an urban school district dataset. The simulation study tested the performance of twoparameter (2-PL) MLIRT models with predictor variables under various conditions that included 3 test lengths (15, 30, and 60 items), 4 sample sizes (200, 500, 1000, and 2000), 2 correlation conditions between the predictor variable and the ability (or attitude) parameter (rpb=.35 and .8), and 4 binomial distributions of the predictor variable (p=0.1, 0.25, 0.4, and 0.5). The bias and Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) values of the item parameters indicated that the distribution of the predictor variable and the correlation between the predictor and the ability (or attitude) parameter did not affect the estimates of 2-PL MLIRT models. These models performed well for sample sizes as low as 500 and test lengths as low as 15 which is lower than the required sample size for ordinary IRT models. Even for a sample size of 200, sufficiently accurate estimates were obtained with more than 300 iterations. The second study investigated the characteristics of the items that measured urban teachers’ perceptions of cultural awareness and beliefs about teaching African American children and tested whether these perceptions were influenced by the teachers’ gender, ethnicity, or teaching experience. Teacher beliefs about teaching African American students, culturally responsive management, and cultural awareness factors were influenced by the ethnicity of the teachers. Culturally responsive management, home and community support, and curriculum and instructional strategies factors were influenced by the teaching experience of the teachers. Items that were biased based on ethnicity or teaching experience were identified. None of the items exhibited gender bias. The study identified items that could be used over other items when the need for a shorter instrument or more informative categories arises.
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35

Klein, Jakub. "Dokazování elektronickými důkazními prostředky." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-397087.

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Substantiation of Electronic Evidence Abstract This thesis addresses the procedural questions of securing and presenting electronic evidence in criminal proceedings. The use of modern devices and the subsequent creation of electronic evidence is very common, making it necessary for legislation as well as investigative, prosecuting and adjudicating bodies to set out an adequate framework for securing and producing such evidence. The thesis seeks to determine the limits of this framework with regard to the rights to a fair trial, privacy and secrecy of correspondence, as well as the principle of public authority interference minimization, keeping in mind that electronic evidence must be secured and produced in accordance with the Criminal Procedure Code, the Constitution and enforceable international treaties, respecting the rights of individuals but also allowing criminal proceedings to reach their ultimate goal. The thesis first concentrates on traditional instruments of securing evidence, e.g. search warrants, seizure of an item, operative-search means or various types of wiretapping. These general findings are then applied to commonly used information technologies, such as emails, documents stored on websites or social media platforms, as well as communication conducted via mobile applications. In its...
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36

Кисільов, Олексій Олегович. "Обґрунтування доцільності реконструкції цеху Броварського алюмінієвого заводу в м. Бровари Київської області." Магістерська робота, 2020. https://dspace.znu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/12345/2089.

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Кисільов О. О. Обґрунтування доцільності реконструкції цеху Броварського алюмінієвого заводу в м. Бровари Київської області : кваліфікаційна робота магістра спеціальності 192 "Будівництво та цивільна інженерія" / наук. керівник І. Д. Павлов. Запоріжжя : ЗНУ, 2020. 128 с.
UA : Кваліфікаційна випускна робота для здобуття ступеня вищої освіти магістра за спеціальністю 192 – Будівництво та цивільна інженерія, науковий керівник І.Д. Павлов Інженерний інститут, Запорізький національний університет. Факультет будівництва і цивільної інженерії, кафедра промислового та цивільного будівництва, 2019. Виконаний аналіз будівельно-конструктивних рішень промислових будівель, проведено дослідження найбільш характерних дефектів та пошкоджень цегляних кладок та залізобетонних конструкцій промислових будівель. Зроблено аналіз літературних джерел про сучасні напрямки підвищення надійності цегляних кладок та залізобетонних конструкцій, а також розглянуто технологічні властивості зміцнювальних складів. Запроектувати та розраховані архітектурно-конструктивні та організаційно-технологічні рішення реконструкції цеху Броварського алюмінієвого заводу в м. Бровари Київської області Обґрунтована Обґрунтована доцільність прийнятого рішення підсилення залізобетонних колон, на основі техніко-економічного розрахунку варіантів підсилення об’єкту реконструкції.
EN : Qualification final work for a master’s degree in the specialty 192 - Construction and civil engineering, scientific advisor I.D. Pavlov Institute of Engineering, Zaporizhzhya National University Faculty of Civil Engineering and Civil Engineering, Department of Industrial and Civil Engineering, 2019. The analysis of construction and construction solutions of industrial buildings, the study of the most characteristic defects and damage to masonry and reinforced concrete structures of industrial buildings. An analysis of literary sources on modern directions of improving the reliability of masonry and reinforced concrete structures is made, and the technological properties of reinforcing compositions are also considered. Architectural and structural, organizational and technological solutions for the reconstruction of the workshop of the Brovarsky aluminum smelter were designed and calculated. Brovary, Kiev region The feasibility of the decision to strengthen reinforced concrete columns, based on the technical and economic calculation of the options for strengthening the reconstruction object, is substantiated.
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37

Нестеренко, Олексій Петрович. "Оцінка економічної ефективності інвестиційного будівельного проекту житлового будинку поліпшеного планування в м. Київ." Магістерська робота, 2020. https://dspace.znu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/12345/2094.

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Нестеренко О. П. Оцінка економічної ефективності інвестиційного будівельного проекту житлового будинку поліпшеного планування в м. Київ : кваліфікаційна робота магістра спеціальності 192 "Будівництво та цивільна інженерія" / наук. керівник Н. О. Данкевич. Запоріжжя : ЗНУ. 2020. 129 с.
UA : Кваліфікаційна випускна робота для здобуття ступеня вищої освіти магістра за спеціальністю 192 – Будівництво та цивільна інженерія, науковий керівник Н.О Данкевич Інженерний інститут, Запорізький національний університет. Факультет будівництва і цивільної інженерії, кафедра промислового та цивільного будівництва, 2019. Виконано аналіз основних методів визначення ефективності інвестиційних проектів та визначені критерії ефективності. Розраховані архітектурно-конструктивні та організаційно-технологічні рішення будівництва житлового будинку поліпшеного планування в м. Київ. Розраховано відповідно до законодавства України і затверджених стандартів,зведений кошторисний розрахунок на будівництво об’єкту. Розглянути основні засади з охорони праці та охорони навколишнього середовища при зведенні житлового будинку. Виконана оцінка економічної доцільності інвестування на будівництво житлового будинку з використанням статичного методу оцінювання.
EN : Qualification final work for a master’s degree in the specialty 192 - Construction and civil engineering, scientific advisor N.A. Dankevich Institute of Engineering, Zaporizhzhya National University Faculty of Civil Engineering and Civil Engineering, Department of Industrial and Civil Engineering, 2019. The analysis of the main methods for determining the effectiveness of investment projects is carried out and the criteria for effectiveness are determined. The architectural, structural and organizational-technological solutions for the construction of an improved residential building in Kiev were calculated. Designed in accordance with the laws of Ukraine and approved standards, a summary estimate for the construction of the facility. The basic principles of labor protection and environmental protection during the construction of a residential building. An assessment of the economic feasibility of investing in the construction of a residential building using the static valuation method.
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38

Нестеренко, Олексій Петрович. "Оцінка економічної ефективності інвестиційного будівельного проекту житлового будинку поліпшеного планування в м. Київ." Магістерська робота, 2020. https://dspace.znu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/12345/2098.

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Нестеренко О. П. Оцінка економічної ефективності інвестиційного будівельного проекту житлового будинку поліпшеного планування в м. Київ : кваліфікаційна робота магістра спеціальності 192 "Будівництво та цивільна інженерія" / наук. керівник Н. О. Данкевич. Запоріжжя : ЗНУ, 2020. 129 с.
UA : Кваліфікаційна випускна робота для здобуття ступеня вищої освіти магістра за спеціальністю 192 – Будівництво та цивільна інженерія, науковий керівник Н.О Данкевич Інженерний інститут, Запорізький національний університет. Факультет будівництва і цивільної інженерії, кафедра промислового та цивільного будівництва, 2019. Виконано аналіз основних методів визначення ефективності інвестиційних проектів та визначені критерії ефективності. Розраховані архітектурно-конструктивні та організаційно-технологічні рішення будівництва житлового будинку поліпшеного планування в м. Київ. Розраховано відповідно до законодавства України і затверджених стандартів,зведений кошторисний розрахунок на будівництво об’єкту. Розглянути основні засади з охорони праці та охорони навколишнього середовища при зведенні житлового будинку. Виконана оцінка економічної доцільності інвестування на будівництво житлового будинку з використанням статичного методу оцінювання.
EN : Qualification final work for a master’s degree in the specialty 192 - Construction and civil engineering, scientific advisor N.A. Dankevich Institute of Engineering, Zaporizhzhya National University Faculty of Civil Engineering and Civil Engineering, Department of Industrial and Civil Engineering, 2019. The analysis of the main methods for determining the effectiveness of investment projects is carried out and the criteria for effectiveness are determined. The architectural, structural and organizational-technological solutions for the construction of an improved residential building in Kiev were calculated. Designed in accordance with the laws of Ukraine and approved standards, a summary estimate for the construction of the facility. The basic principles of labor protection and environmental protection during the construction of a residential building. An assessment of the economic feasibility of investing in the construction of a residential building using the static valuation method.
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39

Freitas, Inês Antunes. "A extinção do Instituto da Droga e da Toxicodependência: análise da decisão política." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/15044.

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Este trabalho de investigação visa a análise do processo de extinção do Instituto da Droga e da Toxicodependência (IDT), no contexto da reforma da Administração Pública de 2011, nomeadamente do Plano de Redução e Melhoria da Administração Central (PREMAC). Pretende-se compreender o que esteve na génese da extinção do IDT, se foi apenas a implementação do PREMAC, com os inerentes imperativos de racionalidade económica, ou se nessa decisão política foram, também, considerados estudos de avaliação da intervenção do Instituto bem como os resultados das estratégias e políticas públicas contra a droga e toxicodependência adotadas e se, em algum momento, foram ouvidos peritos da área e colaboradores do organismo que estão, diariamente, presentes no terreno. O objetivo é analisar o processo de agendamento da política que ditou a extinção do Instituto e levou à consequente mudança de estrutura, com a adoção, de uma estratégia de intervenção distinta e perceber se, esta decisão política foi baseada em critérios de racionalidade económica, ou se foi também fundamentada em informação técnica e científica da área das políticas públicas do combate à droga e toxicodependência.
This investigation work aims to analysis the extinction process of the Institute of Drugs and Drug Addiction (Instituto da Droga e da Toxicodependencia - IDT), in the context of the public administration retirement of 2011, namely the Reduction Plan and Improvement of Central Administration (Plano de Redução e Melhoria da Administração Central - PREMAC). It is intended to understand what was the root cause of the IDT extinction, if it was just a PREMAC implementation, with the inherent imperatives of economic rationality, or if in that politic decision it was, also, considered evaluation studies of the institute intervention as well as the strategies and public politics results against the adopted drugs and drug addiction and if, in some moment, experts and employees of the organization that are, daily, present in the terrain were listened. The goal is to analyse the process of the politic scheduling which dictated the Institute extinction and led to the structure consequent change, with the adoption, of a distinct intervention strategy and understand if, this politic strategy was based in economic rationality criteria, or if it was also substantiated in technical and scientific research information in the area of public policies to combat drugs and drug addiction information.
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40

Podile, Kholisa. "The dependency relations within Xhosa phonological processes." Diss., 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/761.

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41

Podile, K. (Kholisa). "The dependency relations within Xhosa phonological processes." Diss., 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15795.

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The dissertation examines mainly segmental assimilatory processes of Xhosa phonology within the dependency framework. This model is a multi-faceted approach which involves hierarchical organisation of features into larger constituents known as gestures. The analysis includes an elementary historical background to the development of phonological theory with emphasis on the shift from traditional linear approaches to modern non-linear models, as well as a shift from derivational theories to representational frameworks. An exploration of the phonetics/phonology interface through the application of gestures is considered an advantage of using the dependency framework over other theories of phonology. The focus of the dissertation is the description of phonetically-motivated and morphologically-motivated Xhosa phonological processes. A brief exposition of the use of the dependency framework in non-assimilatory Xhosa phonological processes is given as a possible recommendation in the conclusion of the dissertation.
Language Education, Arts and Culture
M.A. (African Languages)
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