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Journal articles on the topic 'Substantivization'
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Lee, Nam-Kyung. "A Study on Syntactic Distribution of Substantivizations: Focused on Occasional Substantivizations." Korean Association of Slavic Languages 28, no. 2 (2023): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30530/jsl.2023.28.2.23.
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The purpose of this study is to describe substantivization as a linguistic mechanism, and to explain the relations of substantivization and syntactic distribution. Substantivization is a productive lexical-grammatical phenomenon that occurs through complex interactions of categorical meaning, lexical meaning, and syntactic functions. The position and syntactic function within a sentence play a crucial role in this mechanism.
 Depending on the degree of substantivization, conventional and occasional substantivizations can be distinguished. Conventional substantivization involves a transformation into nouns, displaying high frequency of use and lexicalization patterns. On the other hand, occasional substantivization occurs spontaneously and can be used to express the speaker's intentions and higher expressiveness.
 Various factors, such as conventionality, semantic factors, frequency of use, influence the mechanism of substantivization. However, the most direct influence comes from the position within a sentence. The syntactic positions that trigger substantivization are argument positions within a sentence. Valency factors as adjectives, quantifiers, demonstratives, and possessive pronouns are used as modifier.
 In this way, substantivization is a phenomenon that arises from the interplay between the language's economy principle, and the communicative desire of speakers to effectively and unusually convey meaning. It serves as a mechanism, that induces new changes in the language system and reflects the dynamic aspects of language.
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Akzhigitova, A. O. "SUBSTANTIVIZATION OF PARTICIPIAL FORMS IN KAZAKH WORD FORMATION." Bulletin of Shokan Ualikhanov Kokshetau University Philological Series, no. 4 (December 19, 2024): 22–32. https://doi.org/10.59102/kufil/2024/iss4pp22-32.
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Although the theory of substantivization has been considered in Kazakh linguistics since the first half of the twentieth century, there are numerous unresolved issues. For instance, the substantivization of pronouns, adverbs, and numerals remain to be poorly studied. Consequently, in our article, we examined the substantivization of participial forms and delineated the principal indicators that elucidate the nature of substantivization. Furthermore, the ways of formation and the scope of application of names derived from substantivized participles. The main purpose of this article is to elucidate substantivized participles from the cognitive basis, delineate their word-forming and functional nature. The article is based on scientific opinions, principles, theoretical concepts and notions related to substantivization in linguistics. The names created by the forms of substantivized participles were analysed, and their function in the sentence was considered. Furthermore, substantivised words were regarded conditionally as fully and partially substantivised ones.
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Höfler, Stefan. "Substantivization of adjectives." Indo-European Linguistics 8, no. 1 (2020): 181–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22125892-bja10005.
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Abstract The process of deriving substantives from adjectives in the classical Indo-European languages can be accomplished in two fundamentally different ways. The first possibility is a derivational one, i.e. the adjective is substantivized by a word-formation process that typically consists of an overt morphological or morphonological operation such as suffixation, accent shift, introduction of new ablaut grades, or a combination thereof. The second process, on the other hand, is a gradual one: an adjective can be substantivized through the ellipsis of a head noun that this adjective was originally paired with. In this paper, I intend to outline the differences and similarities between these two mechanisms and discuss their role in the interpretation of Proto-Indo-European stems in *-(e-)h2-.
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ORUCOVA, F. Q. "SUBSTANTİVLƏŞMƏ MÜASİR AZƏRBAYCAN DİLİNDƏ AKTİV PROSES KİMİ." Actual Problems of study of humanities 2, no. 2024 (2024): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.62021/0026-0028.2024.2.058.
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Substantivization as an Active Process in Modern Azerbaijani Summary This article delas with the study of substantivization, which is evaluated as a result of compression in the language. In the article, substantivization is considered as a method of forming a noun from other parts of speech. According to the author, “substance” is a generally accepted term in linguistics. Substance is one of the main ways of enriching the lexical layer of the language due to the possibilities of intralingual word formation. Reasoning, in a broader sense, is the formation of nouns by transitioning different parts of speech to them. Key words: substantivization, substantivaty, conversion, the process of word formation, functional aspect, morphological, syntactic
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Pardayeva, Mashhura, and Nafisa Teshaboyeva. "THE NOMINALIZATION OF ADJECTIVES: A LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS." "XXI ASRDA INNOVATSION TEXNOLOGIYALAR, FAN VA TAʼLIM TARAQQIYOTIDAGI DOLZARB MUAMMOLAR" nomli respublika ilmiy-amaliy konferensiyasi 2, no. 11 (2024): 199–204. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14209868.
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The article explores substantivization, the linguistic process through which adjectives take on the function of nouns. This phenomenon allows adjectives to act independently as nouns, representing broad categories of people, abstract concepts, or collective ideas. For instance, adjectives like “rich” and “poor” in English can stand alone as nouns to signify groups of people with those traits. The article explains the mechanics of substantivization, highlighting how adjectives can be pluralized, used with articles, or abstracted to refer to collective qualities. The discussion includes examples from other languages, like French and German, illustrating how this process varies across linguistic contexts and sometimes involves gender changes in languages with grammatical gender, such as Spanish. Substantivization provides efficiency and clarity in communication by enabling speakers to convey complex ideas and social identities in a streamlined form. This process also reflects cultural perspectives, allowing languages to categorize and discuss groups with shared characteristics. The article concludes by emphasizing the versatility and adaptability of substantivization as a linguistic tool that enhances expression and meets evolving communicative needs.
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Meliboyev, Zuxriddin Isroil o'g'li. "ADJECTIVES AND SUBSTANTIVIZATION OF ADJECTIVES." GOLDEN BRAIN 1, no. 11 (2023): 174–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7865709.
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<em>The article deals with the problems of the process of substantivation of adjectives in Modern English. The study of functions of adjectives and the process of substantivation provided in the literature on this theme is analyzed in the article.</em>
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Ozola, Ieva. "Tagadnes pasīvo divdabju substantivēšanās: dialektālo vārdnīcu dotumi." Vārds un tā pētīšanas aspekti: rakstu krājums = The Word: Aspects of Research: conference proceedings, no. 26 (November 23, 2022): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/vtpa.2022.26.107.
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In Latvian dictionaries, the word-formation has been analysed focusing on word-formation means different from those in written language, but there are few observations and conclusions about conversion. The dictionary of Vainiži subdialect and the dictionary of Nīca subdialect representing, respectively, the Livonian dialect (Vainiži – one of Vidzeme Livonian subdialects) and the Middle dialect (Nīca – one of Curonian dialects), have been used to establish similarities and differences in substantivization in two Latvian dialects. Notwithstanding substantial differences (differential/full type dictionary; publishing finished/unfinished), both dictionaries contain substantivizations of participles, which had been examined mostly using the descriptive method because quantitative methods could not be applied due to different types and scopes of the dictionaries. The process of participle substantivization has the potential for nomination – both the synonyms for already existing names and names for new facts and objects can be created on the grounds of the basic verb’s semantics. It is possible to create a name for a concrete object, e.g. dẽjamais ‘a tool for filling sausages’ in Nīca, uzliêkams ‘a compress’ in Vainiži, as well as create substantivized participles with the meaning of generalization, e.g. dzeramais, also dzerams ‘that what is drinkable; a beverage’ in Nīca, piêkuôžams ‘a snack’ in Vainiži. Differences in the use of present passive participles had been ascertained: in the dictionary of Nīca subdialect, the definite ending predominates, but the indefinite ending predominates in the dictionary of Vainiži subdialect. The conversion of compounds in the Livonian dialect is based on dialectal differences in word-formation, e.g. zâbakvȩlkams, zâbakvȩlkameš ‘a tool for taking off boots’ in Vainiži subdialect; whereas word-group names with a substantivized present passive participle are characteristic to the Middle dialect, e.g. linu laũzâmaîs in Nīca subdialect.
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Iroda, Mamarasulova, and Sh U. Erbutayeva. "Occurrence of Transposition and Substantivization Phenomena Between Adjectival and Noun Word Categories in Uzbek." American Journal of Social and Humanitarian Research 5, no. 9 (2024): 240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31150/ajshr.v5i9.2929.
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This study investigates the phenomena of transposition and substantivization between adjectival and noun word categories in the Uzbek language, an area that remains underexplored in linguistic research. By analyzing selected texts, the study identifies shifts where adjectives become nouns (substantivization) and nouns assume adjectival roles (transposition), focusing on their contextual usage in proverbs, literary works, and everyday speech. The research identifies 150 instances of these shifts, demonstrating the flexibility and dynamic nature of word categories in Uzbek. The findings provide new insights into language evolution and structural adaptability, with broader implications for understanding the linguistic characteristics of Turkic languages.
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Babanli, G. E. "NOUN CREATIVITY WITH CONVERSION – SUBSTANTIVIZATION PROCESS." Scientific notes of V. I. Vernadsky Taurida National University", Series: "Philology. Journalism 1, no. 4 (2022): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2710-4656/2022.4.1/39.
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Barakhoeva, Nina Mustafaevna, and Fatima Mukharbekovna Kostoeva. "SUBSTANTIVIZATION OF PARTICIPLES IN THE INGUSH LANGUAGE." Philological Sciences. Issues of Theory and Practice, no. 9-1 (September 2018): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/filnauki.2018-9-1.12.
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Delicado Cantero, Manuel. "Clausal Substantivization in Spanish: Syntax and Constraints." Australian Journal of Linguistics 33, no. 2 (2013): 106–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07268602.2013.814524.
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Kumykova, Dina Mukharbievna, and Elina Tuganovna Kumykova (Guchapsheva). "SUBSTANTIVIZATION OF ATTRIBUTIVE AND POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS IN KABARDIAN-CIRCASSIAN LANGUAGE." Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem, no. 11 (February 12, 2015): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2218-7405-2014-11-17.
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Аbdimurаtоv, Turǵanbay. "KONVERSIYA QUBÍLÍSÍNÍŃ IZERTLENIWI." TAMADDUN NURI JURNALI 1, no. 64 (2025): 147–49. https://doi.org/10.69691/5cfzt188.
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This article deals with the study of the conversion phenomenon, its place and properties among other word formation methods. In accordance with this, there are opinions that the morpheme composition of the word changes and acquires a new meaning and moves to another branch of the word. As a result of the conversion process, nouns (substantivization), adjectives (adjectives), pronouns (pronominalization) and adverbs (adverbialization), auxiliary word branches have been replaced by meaningful word branches (dalexicalization).
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Hartmann, Stefan. "Up and down the substantivization cline: response to Bekaert & Enghels." Language Sciences 73 (May 2019): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2018.07.007.
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Maksimova, Natalia V. "Substantivization in the light of the synchronous transitivity theory, monograph, Novosibirsk, NSTTU, 2009." Sibirskiy filologicheskiy zhurnal, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18137083/32/29.
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Mihas, Elena. "Nominalization patterns in Alto Perené, a Kampa Arawak language of Peru." STUF - Language Typology and Universals 71, no. 1 (2018): 99–131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stuf-2018-0005.
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AbstractThe paper investigates the inventory of nominalizing forms and examines restrictions on the morphosyntactic behavior of lexical and clausal nominalizations in Alto Perené (also called Ashéninka Perené), a Kampa Arawak language of Peru. It is shown that the deverbalization of lexical nominalizations is basically total. The substantivization cline of lexical nominalizations is characterized by various degrees of acquisition of nominal properties. Clausal nominalizations are found to retain aspect and realis marking and preserve argument structure. Clausal realis nominalizations display a variety of nominal characteristics such as spatial case, nominal plural number, and definiteness marking. Clausal irrealis nominalizations show highly restricted nominal properties. The relativization strategy is formed with the help of the participant nominalizers -riand -ni.
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Aliyeva, Gültəkin. "Syntactic function of conversion ina sentence." Uzbekistan:language and culture 6, no. 2 (2023): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.uzlc.2023.2/smzn8541.
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The article is devoted to one of the actual problems of grammer. Not only in Azerbaijani and Russian, but also, in linguistics in general, asymmetry at the grammatical level has a more complex character. It is manifested both in the system as a whole and in the structure of grammatical units and their functionality. The article talks about the transition of words from one part of speech to another part of speech, which is one of the forms of existence of grammatical asymmetry. In the transition process, no changes are made in the layer and cover of the word, the forms overlap. Basically, the functional character of the relations between these forms is revealed, as well as different paradigms are clarified. In substantivization, the syntactic function appears in the background. Any morphological category that is substantiated acts in the role of subject and object, and this manifests itself as a regularity.
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Wołk, Mariola. "O referencji innych." LingVaria 16, no. 2(32) (2021): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.06.
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On the Reference of inni
 The study focuses on the adjective inny [other] which appears in sentences in a noun position, yet with the noun absent, e.g. Nie porównuj się do innych; Inni dołączą do nas po 18 [literally in English: Do not compare yourself to others; Others will join as after 6 p.m.]. The analysis focuses on plural (masculine and non-masculine) forms of the adjective, which is related to the assumption that single and plural forms of the expression in question are differentiated functionally. The aim of the analysis is to determine the specificity of the unit as an exponent of reference. The main research issues concerned with the analyzed adjective include an attempt to refute the hypothesis of its substantivization, as well as answering the question whether the unit in its analyzed index (referential) function exhibits features of dictum. The solutions suggested in the study require further investigation, including addressing analyses of referential exponents of synonymous expressions.
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SASHEVA, VERKA SASHEVA. "ЕЗИКОВАТА КОНДЕНЗАЦИЯ КАТО ТЕНДЕНЦИЯ В МЕДИЙНИЯ ДИСКУРС / LANGUAGE CONDENSATION AS A TREND IN MEDIA DISCOURSE". Journal of Bulgarian Language 68, PR (2021): 112–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47810/bl.68.21.pr.08.
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The paper discusses cases of language condensation (language economy) caused by social changes in media electronic texts created during the pandemic. Special emphasis is placed on lexical and syntactic condensation. The following major cases of lexical condensation have emerged: participle adjectivization and substantivisation, new biaspectual verbs with the suffix -iram/-iziram, nouns formed by means of suffixation from motivating biaspectual verbs, abbreviation and composition as word-formation mechanisms, appositive collocations. The following cases of syntactic condensation are observed: monocomponential subjectless sentences with personal indefinite reference containing the predicate karantiniram (to quarantine) and the omission of the phrase de-noting the active subject in passive constructions. The study also highlights the relation-ship between the tendency towards linguistic condensation and other interlingual trends of development in grammar. Conclusions are drawn about the reasons for language condensation in texts related to the coronavirus, which are determined not only linguistically but also pragmatically. Keywords: language condensation (language economy), social changes, lexical condensation, syntactic condensation, adjectivization, substantivization, biaspectual verbs, Bulgarian language
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Naturalnova, Galina Andreevna. "Neologisms in journalistic texts of regional media in the Erzya language: A word-formation aspect (based on the magazine “Сятко” / “Spark”)". Philology. Theory & Practice 17, № 9 (2024): 3450–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20240488.
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The aim of the research is to identify the lexical peculiarity and word-formation processes in journalistic texts of regional mass media. The paper examines neologisms, lexical units created based on the internal resources of the regional (Erzya) language. The work emphasizes the important role of the media in preserving, enriching, and transmitting native languages. The scientific novelty of the research lies in conducting a structural and semantic analysis of neologisms, which, based on extensive linguistic material, allowed for identifying and characterizing the main productive word-formation models and methods of word formation in the modern language of the media in Erzya. As a result of the research, it was found that the most productive methods of word formation include suffixation, root affixation, compounding, and substantivization. It was also noted that the neologisms identified from journalistic texts perform a stylistic function of influencing the reader (listener) due to their rich emotional-expressive charge and wide semantic content.
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Gao, Yuan. "Rethinking the Formalism-Substantivism Debate in Social Science: A Perspective from Recent Developments in Economic Methodology." Modern China 47, no. 1 (2020): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0097700420924603.
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Taking as its point of departure the 1960s formalism-substantivism debate in social science methodology, this article argues that what is distinctive about the new development of formalism in economics since then is mainly the prevalence of using “complete models”—tractable, manipulable, and fully specified mathematical objects—to construct and express theories. The objective of complete models is not to establish general laws, but to formulate auxiliary devices of cognition to facilitate the explanation of targeted aspects of the empirical world; not to create idealistic or ideological discourses, but to derive implications with empirically delimited utility—this in order to make inferences that cannot be achieved via purely qualitative methods. This methodological trend is to some extent a substantivization of formalist economics. Exploring its nature can help clarify the unique cognitive value of contemporary formalism and answer the question of why substantivism is still an irreplaceable approach to social scientific studies, even in an age dominated by formalism.
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Kachmazova, E. S., I. N. Tsallagova, and F. A. Tsarikayeva. "Conversion in Ossetian Language (Iron and Digor Dialects)." Nauchnyi dialog 12, no. 10 (2023): 68–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-68-84.
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This article analyzes the converted lexicon of the Iron and Digor dialects of the Ossetian language. The study uses lexical units extracted through a random sampling method from Ossetian language dictionaries. The relevance of the research lies in identifying the primary conversion models necessary for solving problems related to the differentiation of parts of speech in the Ossetian language. The novelty of the study is that it attempts a scientific description of Ossetian conversion models using linguistic material from the Iron and Digor dialects. The study reveals that the most active forms of conversion in the Ossetian language are substantivization, adjectivization, and adverbialization (the direction of productivity may vary). The study also shows that the conversion model in the Ossetian language often includes nouns, adjectives, and participles. Conversion relationships between autosynthetic and synsemantic words in the Ossetian language are mainly represented by adverbs and postpositions, which are due to the developed system of postpositions in the Ossetian language. Analysis of linguistic material from the two main dialects of the Ossetian language suggests that there are no significant differences in the mechanisms of converting Iron and Digor lexicons.
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M.I., Boichuk. "CONVERSION AND COMPOUND MODELS OF RELIGIOUS VOCABULARY FORMATION IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE." Scientific Bulletin of Kherson State University. Series Germanic Studies and Intercultural Communication, no. 1 (August 2, 2021): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32999/ksu2663-3426/2021-1-3.
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The article outlines the concept of “conversion”, which is defined as an affixless, derivational way of word formation, in which a new word formed from another part of the language does not acquire an external word-forming rearrangement. The concept of “word formation” has also been analyzed and the phonetic component of compounds of religious vocabulary characterized. The structural classification has been distinguished taking into account the structure of compoundings. It has been found that among the layer of religious vocabulary derivational connections of conversion occur between two, three or more words, and the main ways of direction of this process have been identified. Five main models of conversion of lexical units of the religious sphere have been determined, such as: Noun – Verb, which further is divided into three categories, Verb – Noun, Adjective – Noun, Noun – Adjective, Adjective – Verb. The process of substantivization of religious vocabulary as a variant of conversion has also been analyzed. Under substantivization we understand the process of changing the paradigm of the basic word and a part of speech. Analysis of religious vocabulary shows that the transition is from adjectives to nouns, the first acquires the characteristic features of the latter.The article presents an analysis of religious vocabulary based on the dictionary of O. O. Azarov “Comprehensive English-Russian dictionary of religious terminology” which allows to identify such productive models of word formation of religious vocabulary in English: Noun + Noun, Noun + Participle, Adjective + Noun, Noun + Preposition + Noun, Participle + Noun, Pronoun + Noun, Adjective + Participle. These models are most actively involved in the creation of religious vocabulary in English, as they have the largest number of words in their structure. Compounds of religious lexis are divided into root compounds and compound derivatives, the structural integrity of which allows to distinguish them from phrases. Considering the components of compound words, the main element can be both the first and second part. According to the relationship between the components, compounds are divided into endocentric and exocentric types. The first is expressed by a compound word, the meaning of which is derived from the sum of the meanings of the compound’s components, the latter includes complex words, the meaning of which is not determined by any of its constituent elements. Among the layer of religious vocabulary of the English language we distinguish the following endocentric models: Adj + N = N, V + N = N, Part I + N = N, Ger + N = N, N + N = N and exocentric models: Participle + N = Adj, N+Pro.=Adj, V+Prep.=N, Adv+Participle=Adj.Key words:compounding, endocentric and exocentric compound words, substantivization, conversion. У статті обґрунтовано поняття «конверсія», яке визначається як безафіксальний, дериваційний спосіб словотвору, за якого нове слово, що утворюється з іншої частини мови, не набуває зовнішньої словотвірної перебудови. Також у роботі проаналізовано поняття «словоскладання», охарактеризовано фонетичний складник композитів релігійної лексики та виділено структурну класифікацію з урахуванням структури композитів складених слів. З’ясовано, що серед пласту релігійної лексики конверсивні дериваційні зв’язки відбуваються між двома, трьома та більшою кількістю слів, та визначено основні способи спрямованості цього процесу. Виділяємо п’ять основних моделей конверсії лексичних одиниць релігійної сфери: Noun – Verb, яка своєю чергою поділяється на три категорії, Verb – Noun, Adjective – Noun, Noun – Adjective, Adjective – Verb. Також проаналізовано процес субстантивації релігійної лексики як варіант конверсії. Під субстантивацією розуміємо процес зміни парадигми твірного слова й частини мови. Аналіз релігійної лексики показує, що перехід відбувається від прикметників у іменники, прикметник набуває характерних ознак іменника. У статті представлено аналіз релігійної лексики на основі словника О.О. Азарова «Большой англо-русский словарь религиозной лексики», який дає змогу виокремити такі продуктивні моделі словоскладання релігійної лексики в англійській мові: Noun + Noun, Noun + Participle, Adjective + Noun, Noun + Preposition + Noun, Participle + Noun, Pronoun + Noun, Adjective + Participle.Ці моделі беруть найактивнішу участь у творенні релігійної лексики в англійській мові, оскільки налічують найбільшу кількість слів у своїй структурі. Композити релігійної лексики поділяються на власне складні та склад-нопохідні, структурна цілісність яких дозволяє відмежувати їх від словосполучень. Щодо компонентів складних слів, то головним елементом може бути як перша, так і друга частина. Відповідно до відносин між компонентами складні слова поділяються на ендоцентричний та екзоцентричний типи. Перший виражається складним словом, значення якого виводиться із суми значень компонентів композита, до останнього відносяться складні слова, значення яких не визначається жодним із його складових елементів. Серед пласту релігійної лексики англійської мови виокремлюємо такі ендоцентричні моделі: Adj + N = N, V + N = N, Part I + N = N, Ger + N = N, N + N = N та екзоцентричні моделі: Participle + N = Adj, N+Pro.=Adj, V+Prep.=N, Adv+Participle=Adj.Ключові слова:словоскладання, ендоцентричні та екзоцентричні складні слова, субстантивація, конверсія.
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Volovyk, Larysa, and Alla Deduchno. "STRUCTURALLY SEMANTIC FEATURES OF PREFIXED VERBS IN GERMAN ECONOMIC TERMINOLOGY." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 11(79) (2021): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2021-11(79)-53-55.
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The article is devoted to the studies of characteristics of word-formation structure and semantics of German economic verb-terms with prefixes be-, ge-, er-, ver-, zer-, ent-, emp-, miss-. The paper studies the stems of German prefixal verbs used as economic terms, examined by means of the determining their structural, semantic and functional organization. The examination of prefixal verbs’ stems proceeds from basic root words of derivational chains towards their cognate derivatives. Prefixal verbs are formed according to general language norms on the basis of prefixal derivational patterns of modern German. The results obtained show the decrease of borrowed verb-forming prefixes in German economic terminology. Prefixal verb stems form noun stems by means of suffixation and conversion which are very productive in German. Much attention is given to non-affixal derivative nouns formed by means of the processes of substantivization and conversion stems of infinitives, conversion stems of preterital prefixal verbs. The paper reveals the text-formative potential of prefixed verbs on the basis of German economic terms in economic texts. The derivational patterns of prefixed verbs on the basis of German economic terms in the economic texts are analysed. The article deals with the problems of the influence of context on word-formation structure of German economic verb-terms with prefixes be-, ge-, er-, ver-, zer-, ent-, emp-, miss-. The research has been done on the basis of the translation of German economic texts.
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Arskaya, Yulia A., and Akhmed A. Mamedov. "Persona and figurative picture of the world in the poetry of Ekaterina oyarskikh in the light of linguistic data." Sibirskiy filologicheskiy zhurnal, no. 2 (2024): 212–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18137083/87/17.
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The research analyzes the poetry of Ekaterina Boyarskikh, a contemporary poet from Irkutsk. The aim is to identify and describe the persona and the figurative picture of the world she creates. The method applied is linguistic data analysis. It is the poetic grammar, vocabulary, and the means of creating imagery that are the focus of the study. Consideration is given to lexical and grammatical features contributing to the creation of a persona and the world around it, such as the substantivization of adjectives and participles and the omission of syntactic subjects, finite verb forms, and primary nominatives. The syntactic specificity of Boyarskikh’s poetry manifests itself when compared to the conventional usage of the structures under investigation that were retrieved from the Russian National Corpus. The frequent use of the linguistic means involved is found to indicate a reflection on the cognized reality. This reflection proves to be an essential linguistic strategy for creating a fictional world. The analysis of comparative tropes unveils the striking parallels between the main images found in Boyarskikh’s poetry and the significant features of her figurative representation of the world. The research identifies nature as a common source of imagery, with natural objects regularly undergoing personification. The persona created by Boyarskikh is found to be strongly connected with the surrounding world being repeatedly cognized, as evidenced by the renunciation of conventional nominations and the search for new nominations of the objects of this world.
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DANYLENKO, Andrii. "OLD UKRAINIAN SLOVUTA AND «OLD EUROPEAN» HYDRONYMY." MOVOZNAVSTVO 336, no. 3 (2024): 40–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33190/0027-2833-336-2024-3-003.
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The paper offers a new etymology of the Old Ukrainian hydronym Slovuta and its derivational congeners Slovuticь and Slovutičь against the background of the non-Slavic equivalent Dъněprъ and the Greek transcriptions Δάναπρις and Βορυσϑένης. The proposed explication of OU Slovuta is undertaken in the context of research on «Old European» hydronymy as first introduced within Krahe’s school of thought. The author substantiates the origins of the derivative Slovuticь / Slovutičь in the historical paratactic construction Dъneprъ-Slovuticь. A comparison with other paratactic constructions shows that this derivative is a result of the historical substantivization of Slavic nouns used primarily in the attributive function. In place of its commonly accepted participial interpretation, the author treats the form Slovuta as an athematic denominative from PU *slov-ǫt-a continuing an earlier formation with the original meaning ‛the one who possesses the quality of *slov-’. The postulated base *slov- is characterized by onomatopoetic syncretism of both the sound of rinsing, washing, flowing (PIE *k̂leṷH-) and its perception (PIE *k̂leṷ-), while the termination -ā functions as a «noun class marker» designating a natural stream of fresh water. The author also argues that the underlying formation PIE *k̂leṷH-/ *k̂leṷ-ont-ā >*k̂leṷ(H)-ont-ā (> PS slov-ont-ā > PU slov-ǫt-ā > OU slov-ut-a) could have appeared in the early-inflecting «Old European» period in the formation of Indo-European, transitional from the active grammar type to the system of nominative-accusative grammar.
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Bobrova, Maria V. "CONTEMPORARY RURAL ZOONYMICON IN THE DERIVATIONAL ASPECT (on the Material of Zoonyms of One Group of Villages)." Вестник Пермского университета. Российская и зарубежная филология 13, no. 2 (2021): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2073-6681-2021-2-5-13.
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The article is devoted to the study of zoonyms functioning in the speech of the inhabitants of Troel’ga rural settlement, Kungur district (Perm Krai). Methodologically, animal names are considered in the article in line with the theory of derivation, that is, as a result of dynamic processes at different levels of the language system. It is necessary to distinguish between nicknames that appeared in the course of zoonymic transformations and those that appeared due to transformations of ready-made lexical means (products of pre-zoonymic transformations). We have found that the first ones form as a result of six types of derivation: word-forming derivation (with the formation of words that are absent in the literary language), lexical and word-forming derivation (with the formation of words that are homonymous to the words of the literary language), lexical derivation (with the use of non-derived words that are absent in the literary language: neologisms and barbarisms), lexical-semantic derivation (with the reinterpretation of the semantics of the generating word), lexical-grammatical derivation (with the functional transformation of the generating word), morphological derivation (with the grammatical transformation of the generating word). The words of the second group are included in the zoonymicon through lexical derivation (using derived and non-derived words of the literary language), lexical-semantic derivation (with semantic transformation of all-Russian words), morphological-syntactic derivation (with a change of the part of speech of all-Russian words). Within these types, certain derivational models are implemented, in particular k-suffixation, word convergence based on paronomasia, onymization and transonymization, substantivization, etc. The paper provides a conclusion about a variety of ways of forming modern zoonymicon, about the specificity of some particular derivational models for the given sample.
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Prykhodko, Anatoliy. "SUBSTANTIVATION OF THE PARTICIPLE IN MODERN GERMAN." Deutsche internationale Zeitschrift für zeitgenössische Wissenschaft 72 (January 18, 2024): 35–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10530556.
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Substantivation of the participle in modern German. The article is devoted to the comprehensive study of the substantive participle (SP) in the modern German language. The main goal is to clarify its lexical-semantic and grammatical features. In the German language both the first and second participles can be substantivized. This feature is related to the need to name a person according to his qualities (anthroponomination), given by the nature of his activity.Being the nominative form of the verb, the participle names a person and the results of his activity according to such grammaticalization algorithm as transposition, i.e. by transferring it to a position usually relevant to a noun with the acquisition of the corresponding nominative categories. In this way, there is a symbiosis of the categories of a noun (gender, number, case, definiteness / indefiniteness), an adjective (degrees of comparison) and a verb (tense, state). While preserving the lexical and general action semantics of the verb, SP loses the formal indicators of verbal categories. By granting the semantics of the verb with the forms of nominal categories, transposition exposes the participle in a completely new role: neither a name nor an action, but an action-name, where the three autosemantic parts of speech interact and intersect. At the same time, the SP acquires almost all the formal indicators of the name, while the formal indicators of the verb are either removed (person, manner) or softened(tense, species, state).The substantivization in the German language is permanent and is given by two types – usual and occasional. Actively occurring at the level of occasional formations, transposition can contribute to the lexicographic determination of individual SPs, where they are either usualized or terminologicalized and thus replenish the lexical stock of natural language. Occasional SPs remain an important means of creative language production, language play, and stylistic expressiveness.
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Repanšek, Luka. "Towards the Interpretation of the Latin Inscription on a Fragment of a Roman Jug from the Territory of Ancient Nauportus." Clotho 6, no. 2 (2024): 57–69. https://doi.org/10.4312/clotho.6.2.57-69.
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A Latin possessor inscription was discovered scratched on the bottom of a Roman potsherd (datable to the period between the Late Republic and the Julio-Claudian dynasty) recovered from the Ljubljanica river near Vrhnika. The inscription reads amianti sum curtos in Old Roman cursive. Based on paleographical characteristics, the inscription can be tentatively dated to the 1st c. AD. Several good typological parallels of possessor inscriptions consisting of a genitive of a personal name and the verb sum are found on ceramic vessels across the Roman empire. However, the type in which the object explicitly names itself is rare. The Roman cognomen Amiant(h)us is well attested, especially in Italy, so the only problematic part of the inscription is curtos. Given that the pot is damaged, it is possible that the inscription was originally longer and that curtos stood in attributive position to a word like calix/uasus/ urceus et sim. If this is not the case, however, it can only be understood as a substantivization, potentially signifying something like a ʻ(pot) sherdʼ > ʻpotʼ. In support of this, however, Latin epigraphical and literary sources are silent. An additional problem is raised by the final -os, which in the Classical period would only be justifiable after u. The attested form curtos for expected curtus could potentially be explained as a reflex of Vulgar Latin development of us to -ọs, which is sporadically attested in Pompeian graffiti, or assumed to be a letter-for-letter Latin transcription of the Ancient Greek word κύρτος ʻ(fish)trapʼ. The latter solution runs into the problem of the pot from Ljubljanica not matching what we know of ceramic pots used for fishing in terms of shape and dimensions. Given its shape, the vessel was probably a single-handled Roman lagynos. Allowing for the fact that the inscription does not terminate after <curtos> and that the <t> should be read as an <i>, which indeed seems to be the lectio facilior, another possibility is to restore curios[e] ʻwith care, carefullyʼ and assume a bipartite text such as Amianti sum. Curios[e pone] vel simile.
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Заєць, Валентина Григорівна. "ВИДИ КОНВЕРСІїВ ХУДОЖНЬОМУ ТЕКСТІ (на матеріалі творів Марка Вовчка та Г. Вдовиченко)". Збірник наукових праць ХНПУ імені Г.С. Сковороди "Лінгвістичні дослідження", № 42 (4 квітня 2016): 23–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.48959.
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Article’s actuality highlighting the role of structural word defined processes sty-listic features of literary work. Aim of the article - to investigate the impact of conversion on stylistic work load. The task lies in uncovering the role of conversion in the background literary works of Mark Vovchok and Ukrainian writer H. Vdovychenko. Substantivizing of adjectives was proved; loss of some grammatical features and acquisition values for a number of the noun the adjective «old», «young», «boss», «brother’s». This conversion provides the expressive works of Mark Vovchok and H. Vdovychenko. Transitions of numerals into pronouns in characteristic works of both authors, in particular expressiveness is reflected in the steady back of each other, one second, one by one, one against one. Adjectives and nouns come into pronouns.Articlefragmented the features of morphological and syntactic method of word formation, parts of speech mutual material on literary works. Conversion numerals, nouns, adjectives, substantivizing adjectives, adverbs adjectivation has been proved. The importance of strengthening mutual expressive, figurative speech heroes of work, objective picture of events, circumstances of life, period was proved. The conversion of the noun «time», «morning», «cry» in the dialect repre-sented in art discourse of Mark Vovchok, while H. Vdovychenko meet the adverbs mainly formed by the merger of noun and prepositional prefix origin. The conclusions of the study is to confirm the impact of conversion on stylistic quality of a work of art, in particular gender-level mutual language used for expression, expressiveness, im-ager Perspective is the use of different types of artistic styles to enhance the conversion narrative style of work.The importance of mutual parts of speech confirmed at the level of stylistic and literary as-pect. Theuse of different types of conversion is explained by the gender factor.
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ZEYNAL, Sərdar. "PROFESSOR HƏSƏN MİRZƏYEVİN ELMİ YARADICILIĞINDA FEİLİN TƏSRİFLƏNMƏYƏN FORMALARI - FEİLİ SİFƏT." EUROASIA JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES & HUMANITIES 10, no. 30 (2023): 80–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7757615.
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In the article, the research work of the doctor of philological sciences, professor Hasan Mirzayev on verb adjectives, which is the main section of the grammar of the Azerbaijani language, and the latest results obtained as a result of this research, are examined and analyzed, and the position he gained in this field in linguistics is highlighted. the merits of the result in filling the gap in Azerbaijani linguistics are noted and revealed based on the facts. Hasan Mirzayev on verb adjectives, which is the main section of the grammar of the Azerbaijani language, and the latest results obtained as a result of this research, are analyzed and the position he gained in this field in linguistics is highlighted. The qualities he achieved in the mentioned field and the merits of his final result in filling the gap in Azerbaijani linguistics were noted and revealed based on facts. One of the most interesting, little-studied areas of the grammar of the Azerbaijani language, which still needs to be studied, is the unclassified forms of the verb. When we get acquainted with the textbooks published starting from the 19th century, we see that, although the verb section of grammar was widely reflected in those textbooks, extensive information was not given about the unclassified forms of the verb. It was widely discussed about the infinitive form of the verb. Since the infinitive indicates the name of the action, when talking about the verb, it is necessary to talk about the infinitive as well. It is written about the infinitive in N. Narimanov's "Comprehensive usage of the Turkish-Azerbaijani language" textbook, published in 1899: "The infinitive indicates not only a thing (a. Sahib, ) but also time. For example: to come, to go, to sing". Later, many textbooks and grammar books published successively addressed this issue and gave extensive information about it. Hasan Mirzayev, a linguist, Turkologist, Honored Scholar, doctor of philological sciences, one of the outstanding linguists of his time, who gave the most extensive information about the infinitive forms of the verb in the 20th century, and thus dedicated a special work to this issue, was Hasan Mirzayev. The work "Verb in Azerbaijani language" published by him is noteworthy in this respect. Part III of the 2nd volume of the scientist's selected works is entitled "Indefinable verbs". The first chapter of this section is called "The Problem of Verb Adjectives in Turkology and the Features of the Suffixes That Form It", the second chapter is called "Common and Individual Features of the Verb Adjective with the Verb", and the third chapter is called "The Common and Individual Features of the Verb Adjective with the Adjective and Its Substantivization". Talking about the study of the verb adjective, the professor writes about this issue in the first chapter: "The verb adjective expresses the characteristic of both the verb and the adjective. The fact that the verb adjective has these two characteristics has made its research difficult, ... verb adjective
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Дьячков, Вадим Викторович, and Сергей Георгиевич Татевосов. "Verbs Derived From Adjectives: Telicity and Event Structure." Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology, no. 3(41) (November 15, 2023): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2307-6119-2023-3-9-21.
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Рассматривается деривация глаголов от прилагательных в двух ареально связанных языках – горномарийском и татарском (мишарский диалект). Такие глаголы в обоих языках образуются с помощью суффикса -l, который, предположительно, был заимствован в горномарийский из тюркских языков. В обоих случаях суффикс деривирует глаголы нескольких структурных типов (инхоативы, каузативы и неэргативы), однако при этом соотношение между исходной основой и производным глаголом не всегда предсказывается существующими теориями явления. В частности, предполагается, что прилагательные так называемых открытых шкал образуют по умолчанию предельные глаголы, а прилагательные закрытых шкал – непредельные. Мы показываем, что это ожидание нарушается в рассматриваемых языках, и представляем обзор существующих моделей, отличающихся друг от друга характером семантических соотношений между основой и производным глаголом. Хотя большая часть отадъективных глаголов как в горномарийском, так и в татарском ожидаемо образует предельные глаголы с инхоативным компонентом (‘стать А’), в обоих языках есть исключения из этого принципа. В горномарийском языке предельность, по-видимому, связана исключительно с наличием у прилагательного закрытой шкалы, в то время как в татарском она может коррелировать также с возможностью глагола обозначать ненулевое изменение состояния. Кроме того, в обоих языках широко представлена неэргативная модель, по которой образуются непредельные глаголы поведения (‘вести себя образом, связанным с А’). Мы предполагаем, что в последнем случае происходит скрытая субстантивация прилагательного, благодаря которой прилагательное может интегрироваться в неэргативную структуру, что не нарушает принципов известных теорий и не требует каких-либо дополнительных допущений. Это допущение согласуется с тем фактом, что прилагательные, образующие глаголы поведения, в рассматриваемых языках широко используются и как существительные, в то время как шкалы данных единиц ожидаемо предсказывают непредельность глаголов. This article discusses the derivation of verbs from adjectives in two areally related languages, Hill Mari and Tatar (Mishar dialect). Such verbs in both languages are formed using the suffix -l, which, presumably, was borrowed into Hill Mari from the Turkic languages. In both cases, the suffix derives verbs of several structural types (inchoatives, causatives and unergatives), but the semantic relations between the original stem and the derived verb are not always predicted by the existing theories of the phenomenon. In particular, it is commonly assumed that the adjectives of the so-called open scales derive telic verbs by default, and the adjectives of closed scales derive atelic verbs. We show that this prediction is not always confirmed in the languages in question and present an overview of existing derivational models that differ from each other in terms of semantic relationships between the adjectival stem and the derived verb. Although most deadjectival verbs in Hill Mari and Tatar are expected to form telic verbs with an inchoative component (‘become A’), there are exceptions to this principle in both languages. In Hill Mari, telicity is associated exclusively with the closed scale of an adjective, while in Tatar it also correlates with non-zero change-of-state readings available with some verbs. In addition, in both languages, the unergative model is widely represented by atelic behavior-related verbs (‘behave in a manner associated with A’). We propose that in the latter case, adjectival stems undergo covert substantivization and can be integrated into an unergative structure, which does not violate any principles of known theories and does not require any additional assumptions. This proposal is consistent both with the fact that adjectives forming behavior-related verbs are also widely used as nouns in the languages under consideration, and the scale of an adjective correctly predicts telic properties of a verb.
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Rutkienė, Lina. "Substantivization and Nounness in Architectural and Construction Terminology." Terminologija, no. 30 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.35321/term30-2.
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Thi Thanh Ngoc, Nguyen. "The Substantivization of Vietnamese Adjectives in Noun Phrase Structures." VNU Journal of Science: Education Research, May 30, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/2588-1159/vnuer.4861.
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This paper focuses on substantivized adjectives which are formed by conversion process in the Vietnamese language. Substantivized adjectives are words which can be used as nouns and take some features of nouns. A Vietnamese adjective can be substantivized when it is used as a head word and has ability to combine with pre-modifers and/or post-modifiers in a noun phrase structure. This paper investigates and explains structural features of Vietnamese substantivized adjectives through literary works.
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SHEVCHENKO, OLGA. "Substantivization as a Manifestation of the Prototypical Nature of the Part-of-Speech System." DEStech Transactions on Social Science, Education and Human Science, icesd (March 24, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/icesd2020/34108.
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Akzhigitova, Akkibat, Anar Salkynbai, and Zhanat Sarsenbay. "OCCASIONAL SUBSTANTIVATES IN ABAY'S POEMS." Bulletin of the Eurasian Humanities Institute, Philology Series, no. 4 (December 28, 2024). https://doi.org/10.55808/1999-4214.2024-4.02.
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The article examines occasional substantivities in Abai's poems. Occasional words have already been mentioned and studied in our language. However, occasional substantivities are a topic that has not yet been studied. Abai's legacy is an invaluable treasure of the Kazakh people. Despite ongoing scientific research related to Abai's work, they are still insufficient for the Kazakh reader. Abai is a figure who enriched language usage by transforming the Kazakh word, using it both literally and figuratively. Therefore, this article examines the area of use of occasional substantivities in Abai's poems, and also conducts a detailed analysis of them. Occasionalisms are words characteristic of individual authorial use. Substantivities are lexical units that have become nouns. Although the phenomenon of substantivization in Kazakh linguistics has already been studied to a certain extent, its theoretical basis and terminology are still underdeveloped. In this article, the term "substantivat" is introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The grammatical and lexical meanings of substantivats were also determined and it was revealed whether they are occasional or normative. A word-formation analysis of substantivats in Abai's poems was conducted, it was shown that they move into the category of nouns from adjectives, verbs, numerals, metaphorical expressions and set phrases.