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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Substituted Imidazole'

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Published: 2 June 2025

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Norton, Helen Clare. "Functionalised 2-substituted imidazoles in asymmetric catalysis." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427178.

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Meldrum, J. A. "Kinetic and metabolic studies on some substituted-imidazoles using hepatic microsomal monooxygenases." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382416.

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Zhang, Xiaoyan. "Design, Synthesis and Biological Activities of 4-Substituted Imidazoles as (alpha)2-Adrenoceptor Agonists /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487865929453611.

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Arico, Joseph William. "3-Substituted Purines: Methodology, Synthesis, and Studies of DNA Hydration in the Minor Groove." Thesis, Boston College, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1824.

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Thesis advisor: Mary F. Roberts As the central repository of biological information and ultimate mediator of all processes underlying the activities of living organisms, nucleic acids are the sine qua non for life as we know it. Biological research over the past century and more has revealed much of the structure and function of nucleic acids, revealing in turn how life begins, changes, reproduces, and ends. We glimpse how life has become what it is and perhaps what it may become. This work seeks to understand the ramifications of altering a single nitrogen of the purine nucleoside components of nucleic acids. As will be shown, purine analogs lacking the N3 nitrogen have altered interactions with proteins, water, and other molecules. Replacement of this nitrogen with a C-H, C-CH3, or C-CH2OH functionality impacts the structure and biological interactions of a DNA duplex containing these alterations in ways not entirely foreseen when this work began over ten years ago. The synthetic effort needed to obtain purine nucleosides containing each of these modifications is significant. Along the way, new methodologies applicable both to the synthesis of purine analogs and natural purine nucleosides are described Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2010 Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Discipline: Chemistry

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Marhadour, Sophie. "Synthèse et évaluation biologique d'imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines et imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazines substituées." Nantes, 2012. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=4e0f80d9-0044-48fd-8bbb-b95ca715891a.

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Les molécules basées sur les systèmes hétérocyliques imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine et imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine ont montré une large variété d'applications thérapeutiques. Ainsi, la conception de nouveaux dérivés d'imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine, substitués en position 2 et 3, mais également d'imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine, fonctionnalisés en position 6, a été envisagée afin d'élargir le profil d'activité pharmacologique. En particulier, les infections fongiques (Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus) et les maladies parasitaires (Leishmania) représentent un problème majeur de santé publique. Plusieurs classes de composés pour le traitement de ces infections sont couramment exploitées. Cependant, leur utilisation est limitée pour des raisons de toxicité, de biodisponibilité et surtout de résistance, ce dernier aspect étant le problème majeur nécessitant la découverte de nouveaux traitements. Des résultats préliminaires avaient montré que l'emploi d'un inhibiteur spécifique de PKC et des MAP kinases fongiques restaurait la sensibilité de plusieurs souches de C. Albicans aux azolés, d'où l'intérêt de cibler cette cascade. De même, chez Leishmania une activité protéine kinase C a été démontrée. Parmi les composés testés, l'émergence d'une activité, que ce soit sur C. Albicans ou A. Fumigatus, n'a pu être observée alors que des activités prometteuses sur Leishmania major ont été établies Molecules based on imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine heterocyclic systems showed a wide variety of therapeutic applications. Thus, the design of new imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives, substituted in position 2 and 3, but also imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine derivatives functionalized at position 6, was considered in order to expand the profile of pharmacological activity. In particular, fungal infections (Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus) and parasitic diseases (Leishmania) represent a major public health problem. Several classes of compounds for the treatment of these infections are currently in clinical use. However, their use is limited for reasons of toxicity, bioavailability and especially resistance which is the major problem requiring the discovery of new treatments. Preliminary results pointed out that the use of a specific inhibitor of PKC and MAP fungal kinases restored the sensitivity of several strains of C. Albicans to azoles, hence the interest of targeting this cascade. Similarly, Leishmania protein kinase C activity has been demonstrated. Among the tested compounds, the emergence of an activity, whether on C. Albicans or A. Fumigatus, could not be observed while promising Leishmania major activities have been established

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Middleton, David Andrew. "The interaction of substituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with model membranes and with the gastric H/K-ATPase." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335768.

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Touzeau, Frédérique. "Syntheses et proprietes pharmacologiques de 2-(4,5-dihydro-1h-2-imidazolyl)-3,4-dihydro-2h-1,4-benzoxazines diversement substituees." Orléans, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ORLE2023.

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L'hypertension arterielle est une pathologie qui concerne plus de 10% de la population adulte. Pour son traitement, il existe toute une gamme de medicaments tres actifs repartis en plusieurs classes distinctes (les diuretiques, les bloquants, les antagonistes calciques, les inhibiteurs de l'enzyme de conversion, les antihypertenseurs centraux). Depuis quelques annees d'autres composes actifs ont ete mis en evidence qui font intervenir de nouveaux recepteurs notamment les recepteurs aux imidazolines. Le but de ce travail est de synthetiser des composes susceptibles d'avoir une activite antihypertensive centrale sans les effets secondaires de produits deja connus, grace a une bonne affinite pour les recepteurs aux imidazolines. Nos premiers travaux ont concerne la synthese de divers analogues de l'idazoxan qui possedent le motif 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine. Cette etude a permis de mettre en evidence que pour avoir une bonne affinite pour les recepteurs imidazoliniques, le motif imidazoline etait indispensable. Par la suite, nous nous sommes interesse a la synthese de 3,4-dihydro-2h-1,4-benzoxazines diversement substituees soit par differents groupements alkyles au niveau de l'azote soit par differents groupements (methyle, chloro, methoxy) sur le noyau aromatique. Nous avons egalement considere la substitution en position alpha de l'imidazoline. Les resultats pharmacologiques ont montre que le motif 2,3-dihydro-2h-1,4-benzoxazinique judicieusement substitue permet d'obtenir une bonne affinite pour les recepteurs aux imidazolines et #2 adrenergiques. Nous avons aussi prepare des imidazolines comportant un motif benzoxazinique associe a un troisieme cycle constitue de 5,6 et 7 chainons. Ces composes sont prepares selon deux approches differentes ; l'une faisant intervenir la 7-hydroxyindoline et l'autre le 2,3-dihydro-2h-1,4-benzoxazine-2-carboxylate d'ethyle. Parmi les composes que nous avons synthetises quatre d'entre eux se distinguent par une bonne affinite vis a vis des recepteurs aux imidazolines i#2 et #2 adrenergiques. Ces composes sont aussi actifs in vivo. Ces resultats tres encourageants laissent entrevoir des developpements futurs pour mieux cerner le profil pharmacologique de ces composes.

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Chiu, Ying-Chang, and 邱盈彰. "Metallomesogens based on N-(2-hydroxy)alkyl substituted imidazole derivatives." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24548624483347290155.

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博士 國立東華大學 化學系 97 Metallomesogens of the types (i) N-(2-hydroxyl)alkyl imidazole coordinated with Silver(I), Gold(I), and Palladium(II) ions (in Chapter II), (ii) Silver(I) and Gold(I) complexes of N-hexadecanyl-N´-(2-hydroxyhexadecanyl) imidazol-2-ylidenes (in Chapter III), and (iii) nanocomposites of Gold nanoparticles embedded in N,N´-di-substituted imidazolium salt (in Chapter IV) are presented. The characterizations, results, and discussions are described in each section.

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Batten, Michael Peter. "Imidazole substituted ligands in late transitional metal catalysis : comparative synthetic, spectroscopic and catalytic studies." Thesis, 2008. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19252/1/whole_BattenMichaelPeter2008_thesis.pdf.

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This thesis addresses the chemistry of imidazole containing ligands, particularly with respect to their nickel, iron and molybdenum complexes. The ability of many of the nickel and iron complexes to support chain-building olefin insertion reactions is described. The results are presented within the context of the current state-of-theart late transition metal oligo-polymerisation catalysis via an extensive review of the literature.

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Chen, Yu-Jen, and 陳俞臻. "The Synthesis and Photochemistry of Radical Pair Precursors: N-Benzenesulfonyl Substituted Pyrroles, Imidazole and Indole." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3287f4.

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碩士 國立交通大學 應用化學系 90 A series of 39, 47, 52 and 53 in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran glass matrices at 77 K were irradiated with 230-325 nm (NiSO4-filtered, UV light), which gave triplet EPR spectra, and the zero-field splitting (zfs) parameters D' values are 0.0228, 0.0225, 0.0190 and 0.0176 cm-1, respectively. At 4 K, the D' values of 51 and 47 are 0.0239 and 0.0237 cm-1, respectively. The radical pairs derived from 51 (12-44 K) and 47 (8-52 K) both showed linear Curie plots, thereby indicating either the ground state are triplets or that singlet and triplet states are degenerate (≦30 cal/mole difference). An addition product of Ts and MNP was observed when 51 was photolyzed in the presence of spin trapping agent. N-benzenesulfonyl substituted hetercyclic molecules 85 and 88 also gave triplet EPR spectra, which are consistent with triplet radical pairs. Results indicate that nitro-sulfur bonds were easily cleaved by 230-325 nm photolysis, and the results are supported by ab initio calculations. Therefore, the reported D' value (0.0226 cm-1) of a biradical by Professor Berson in the photolysis of N-tosyl pyrrole diazene 18 (J. A. Berson, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 1416.) may not be a triplet biradical and could be a triplet radical pair instead.

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Chen, Guan-Ling, and 陳冠伶. "Electrochemical Studies of the Substituent Effects on the Interactions between Phenylenediamine Substituted Zinc Porphyrins and Imidazole." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26706955928104725104.

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碩士 國立暨南國際大學 應用化學系 103 A series of phenylenediamine(PD)-substituted zinc porphyrins with different electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups have reported in this work. Their electrochemical properties were investigated by UV-Vis spectra, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and optically transparent thin-layer electrode (OTTLE). Imidazole is an common axial ligand of metalloporphyrin. In the UV-Vis spectrum, the spectral change between four and five coordinated zinc porphyrins were monitored while imidazole added. CVs showed that all those zinc porphyrins have four redox couples in the oxidative aspect. Controlling the oxidative potential would dominate the move of imidazole. Because the affinity of oxidized species is larger than the neutral ones. By using CV and OTTLE, we verified that imidazole has a shuttling behavior between central metal and oxidized PD moiety.

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Chen, Kun-Lung, and 陳坤隆. "Investigation of the 1-Substituted Imidazole Derivatives as Thermal Latent Catalysts in the Crue of Epoxy Resins." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29281449093223156002.

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碩士 國立成功大學 化學系專班 93 Three Types of catalysts were usually applied in the molding compound of electronic industries which contain a series of imidazole, diazabicyclic derivatives (DBU and DBU) and phenolic compounds. Sometimes, the mixture compounds of diazabicyclic derivatives and phenolic compounds also were applied in the manufacture production. Due to the strong reactivity of these catalysts, the molding compounds must be storage at low temperature to prolong the pot-life. As a result, the latent catalysts have attracted much attention to maintain the long pot-life and improve the physical properties. A perfect latent catalyst for molding compound should have the following properties: (1) rapid cure at a moderately elevated temperature (100–175 oC), (2) indefinite storage life for the catalyzed resin, and (3) no adverse effect on the properties of the cured material. Two types of latent catalysts were investigated: one was the thermal catalyst and another was the cationic latent catalyst. A few of pure thermal latent catalysts were developed and reported in the recent research because the poor catalyzed reactivity. Most of cationic latent catalysts were published in recent year which the reactivity of cationic latent catalysts were enhanced by the nucleophilicity of couterion (BF4-, PF6-, AsF6- and SbF6-). When the acidic species (HBF4, HPF6, HAsF6 and HSbF6) would be released while the cruing polymerization. The acidic species would be damaged the electronic products. In this dissertation, we focus to develop a series of 1-substituted imidazole derivatives catalysts which would be degraded in the molding temperature (100–175 oC) and released imidazole moiety to catalyze the polymerization. According to the imidazole catalysts are extensively utilized in the curing epoxy resins in the molding compounds to provide the good physical and mechanical properties. These designed 1-substituted catalysts are very stable at room temperature and prolong the pot-life of molding compounds.

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Wang, Lyu-Wei, and 王律為. "Preparation and Application of N-Aryl Imidazole Substituted Secondary Phosphine Oxides Ligated Palladium Complexes on Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reactions." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75971750552291623706.

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碩士 中興大學 化學系所 99 N-aryl imidazole substituted secondary phosphine oxides 2-(t-butylhydrophosphoryl)-1-o-tolyl-1H-imidazole(2a), 2-(t-butylhydrophosphoryl)-1-mesityl-1H-imidazole(2b), and 2-(t-butylhydrophosphoryl)-1-(2,6-diisopropylphen-yl)-1H-imidazole (2c) were prepared and characterized. A tautomeric equilibrium between secondary phosphine oxide and electronic-rich secondary phosphinous acid indeed takes place. Secondary phosphinous acid might coordinate to palladium source to form metal complex. The palladium complexes 3a and 3b were prepared from 2a and 2b, and their molecular structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Furthermore, the mechanism of the formation of some unusual compounds was proposed. The storage of secondary phosphine oxide is easier than phosphine for its moisture sensitivity is lower. The N-aryl imidazole substituted secondary phosphine oxides ligated palladium complexes might be used in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions.

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Wu, Cheng-Lung, and 吳承龍. "(1) Asymmetric Synthesis of a meso-Dicarboxylic Anhydride Employing Grignard Reagent (2) Synthesis of 2-substituted-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole derivatives." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83630691181120414314.

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Chang, Chih-Hung, and 張志宏. "Preparation of N-Aryl Imidazole Substituted Secondary Phosphine Oxides and Derived Palladium Complexes: Their Applications on Suzuki-Miyaura and Heck Reactions." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18947482818952308656.

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碩士 國立中興大學 化學系所 100 Synthesis and identification of N-aryl imidazole substituted secondary phosphine oxides: tert-butyl(1-R)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phosphine oxide (3a: R = 2-(dimethylamino)phenyl; 3b: R = 3-(dimethylamino)phenyl; 3c: R = 4-(dimethylamino)phenyl; 3d: R = pyridin-2-yl; 3e: R = 3-methoxyphenyl; 3f: R = 4-methoxyphenyl; 3g: R = 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl). Through the tautomerism of secondary phosphine oxide (3) to the formation of secondary phosphinous acid, the latter can act as an authentic phosphine ligand. By combining with palladium salt, it was employed as pre-catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura and Heck reactions. The formation of palladium complexes 4 and 5 with unusual structures during crystal growing process were unexpected. The structures of these two complexes were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Obviously, a breaking of P-C bond from 3a was taken place. The mechanism for the formation of 4 and to 5 from 3a was proposed and examined.

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Du, Hau-Dung, and 杜皓東. "An Efficient Synthesis of Imidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolines and Substituted Quinolines in Liquid PEG-400." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63325714262580705317.

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碩士 高雄醫學大學 藥學研究所 99 Hypervalent iodine(III) compounds have been extensively used in organic syntheses due to their low toxicity, ready availability and easy handling. [Hydroxyl(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene (HTIB), phenyliodine(III) diacetate (PIDA) and phenyliodine(III) bis(trifluoroacetate) (PIFA) are the most frequently used and easily available reagents in the family of iodine compounds. Polyethylene glycols (PEG) are well-known to be inexpensive, recoverable, non-toxic, thermally stable, and biological compatible polymers. Polyethylene glycols are most commonly employed as a support or a phase-transfer catalyst in various organic transformations. Compared with classical molecular solvents, the polyethylene glycols are environmentally benign reaction media. In this work, catalytic reaction of hypervalent iodine(III) reagents and PEG-400 will be applied to prepare imidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolines and substituted quinolines.

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Hsu, Mei-Yuan, and 許媄媛. "Synthesis of di- and tri-substituted imidazoles mediated by tributylphosphine via [3+2] cyclization of in situ generated oxazolidinone and ethyl cyanoformate." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21540813001552023488.

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碩士 淡江大學 化學學系碩士班 98 In the current study, we take advantage of oxazolidinone and ethyl formate to carry out [3+2] cycloaddition aimed at synthesizing a series of di- and tri-substituted imidazoles. Regarding the synthesis of di-substituted imidazoles, glycine was taken to couple with benzoyl chloride, followed by the dehydration mediated by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl- aminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride(EDCI) in DCM to generate oxazolidinone 68 in 30 mins. Without purification, ethyl formate and tributylphosphine (PBu3, 0.6 eq) were further added in the solution and the mixture was stirred at rt for 2 hr. As a result, a small library of di-substituted imidazoles 64a-k was successfully prepared with 32-40% isolated yields. As the synthesis of tri-substituted imidazoles, glycine was replaced with alanine and phenylglycine, both of which were converted into carboxamide 62 and 63 with benzoyl chlorides, followed by EDC-mediated cyclization to generate oxazolidinones 69 and 70 similar to that of oxazolidinone 68. Once again, ethyl formate and tributylphosphine (0.6 eq) were added to the solution and stirred for 2 hr that afforded desired tri-substituted imidazoles 65a-k and 66a-k with 31-63% isolated yields. In summary, we have demonstrated a sequential one-pot two-step synthesis of di- and tri-substituted imidazoles via [3+2] cycloaddition which could feasibly offer a valuable platform for high-throughput drug screening.

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Chen, Szu-Wei, and 陳思暐. "Palladium-Catalyzed C-H Functionalization of Amido-substitued 1,4-Napthoquinone in the Presence of Amines Toward the Formation of Pyrroles and Imidazoles." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69301949949248348912.

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碩士 國立中興大學 化學系所 105 1-H-Benz[f]indole-4,9-diones 3 were prepared in good yields by treating N-(1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)acetamide 2a with tertiary amines and using Pd(OAc)2 as the catalyst precursor in one-pot reactions and the structure of 3c was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. As revealed from the structure of 3c, the transition metal complex Pd(OAc)2 indeed catalyzed amines and 2a, which led to the formation of pyrrole through cyclization processes by fusing to the former napthoquinone framework. A mechanism was proposed after screening some relevant reaction conditions. Thereafter, similar reactions were carried out by employing primary and secondary amines as the amine sources. When primary amines are used as the reactants, the products will be either imidazolequinones or aminoquinones depending on the extent of the steric hindrance of amines. When secondary amines are used as the reactants, the products will be either indolequinone or aminoquinones again depending on the extent of the steric hindrance of amines. In addition, similar reactions were carried out by replacing tertiary amines with tertiary phosphines which led to the formation of ylide-like derivatives instead.

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Wang, Huei-Sin, and 王卉欣. "Synthesis and Characterization of 1,3,2-Benzodiazaboroles Substituted Tricarbazole and Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-f]phenanthridine and Their Applications in Blue PhOLEDs and Anion Detection." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52629x.

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碩士 國立臺灣大學 化學研究所 107 In the past, the materials of organic light emitting diodes only had carbon and nitrogen atoms, so we replace C=C to B-N in indoles by using the concept of isostere, letting organoboron compounds appeared in the materials of organic light emitting diodes, then synthesize a series of 1,3,2-benzodiazaborole derivatives. This series of 1,3,2-benzodiazaborole derivatives has 10πeletron and empty pz orbital, leading to its special electroluminescence properties. Having boron atoms, let the LUMO of these compounds get higher. Moreover, we enhance Tg of these series of 1,3,2-benzodiazaborole derivatives by increasing the molecular weight and making the structure rigid in order to stablize the film using in organic light emitting diodes. Besides, the anion detection experiments show that many kinds of anions in the solutions can let the photophysical properties of compounds change. In the case of fluoride ion, adding the fluoride ion to the soluton of compounds leads to fluorescence quenching immediately. In the case of hydroxide ion, the result is as same as fluoride ion. However, in terms of dihydrogen phosphate and dihydrogen pyrophosphate, we discover that fluorescence of the compound will red-shift along with time. Up to now, we think that 1,3,2-benzodiazaborole derivatives can detect multi-anion, and it has potential to become chemosensor.

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Zhuang, Xin-Yi, and 莊新毅. "Synthesis of Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and its derivatives by intermolecular carbon-nitrogen bond coupling reaction between aniline and pyridine induced by different aromatic substituted hypervalent iodine reagents." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ncwgwy.

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碩士 國立中山大學 化學系研究所 107 In this thesis, we have successfully found two types of highpervalent iodine reagents with different substituent groups: (4-methoxyphenyl)- λ3-iodanediyl diacetate and (4-methoxyphenyl)- λ3-iodanediyl diacetate, increasing the yield of the production of benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with aniline derivatives and pyridine derivatives as starting materials. 　　In this thesis, we have successfully found two types of highpervalent iodine reagents with different substituent groups: (4-methoxyphenyl)- λ3-iodanediyl diacetate and (4-methoxyphenyl)- λ3-iodanediyl diacetate, increasing the yield of the production of benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with aniline derivatives and pyridine derivatives as starting materials. 　　Compounds with benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine skeletons are compound is obtained, and the yields are between 50% and 80%. Furthermore, the structures of two products and highpervalent iodine reagents are provided. 　　The structures are confirmed by the x-ray single crystal diffraction technique, and are also promising in the pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, we also hope we are able to rapidly produce the compounds possessing this structure with the facile synthetic strategy herein.

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