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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Substitution reactions. Nucleophilic reactions. Benzene'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

HADDAD-FAHED, OMAIMA. "Catalyse micellaire de reactions de substitution nucleophile aromatique comportant des reactifs electriquement charges." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066419.

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2

Martin, Peter Arnold. "Nucleophilic substitution reactions of some polyhalogenated compounds." Thesis, Durham University, 1987. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6876/.

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Rate measurements for the reactions of a series of polyfluoro - and polychloro - pyridines with aniline and ammonia in 60/40 dioxan/water at 25ºC has shown that chlorine, when ortho and para to the position of attack, is activating with respect to fluorine, but at the position meta to the point of attack, chlorine and fluorine are virtually equivalent in their effect on reaction rate. The trifluoromethyl and nitrile groups were found to be activating relative to fluorine when ortho and para to the position of substitution and the nitrile group was thus found to be ortho/para directing. The ort

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3

Drew, S. M. "Photochemical nucleophilic substitution reactions of quinones and related systems." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374182.

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4

Van, der Westhuizen Carl Johan. "Nucleophilic substitution reactions of α-haloketones : a computational study". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/63346.

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This dissertation describes the computational modelling of reactions between α-haloketones and various nucleophiles. Nucleophilic substitution reactions of α-haloketones (also known as α- halocarbonyls in literature) are utilised in synthetic laboratories to obtain 1,2-disconnections; which are typically difficult to obtain otherwise. To gain insight into these reactions, DFT modelling was carried out in this project, with further understanding into these reactions being obtained using Quantum Fragment Along Reaction Pathway (QFARP) which is an extension of Interacting Quantum Atoms (IQA

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5

Jones, Craig Warren. "Nucleophilic aromatic substitution using supported copper(I) reagents." Thesis, University of York, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236184.

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6

Iagrossi, Anna. "Stereochemical studies of reactions of phosphate and thiophosphate esters." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/33748.

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Nucleophilic substitution reactions involving phosphate monoesters have been investigated. Two general syntheses of O-alkyl or O-aryl [16O,18O] thiophosphate monoesters are reported. An independent and general method for the determination of the enantiomeric excess of isotopically chiral thiophosphate monoesters has been developed and the absolute configurations of the diastereoisomers of (2R)-O-(O-ethyl thiophosphoryl)-3, 4S-dimethyl-5S-phenyl-l,3,2-oxazaphos- pholidin-2-one have been assigned. The solvolysis of p-nitrophenyl [R-16O,18O] thiophosphate in ethanol gives rise to ethyl [16O, 18O]

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7

Balan, Gayatri. "Studies on the nucleophilic substitution reactions of a dimeric cyclopentadienone." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6265.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on January 11, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.

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8

James, Rachel Anne. "Nucleophilic substitution reactions of (alkoxymethylene) dimethylammonium chloride and cyclopropane methodology." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342180.

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9

Williams, Kenneth Bruce. "The effect of methyl groups on nucleophilic substitution reactions of chlorocyclotriphosphazenes." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49962.

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The reactions of methyl-substituted chlorocyclotriphosphazenes with aryl Grignard reagents and with bifunctional amines, aminoalcohols, and alkoxides were investigated. The characterization data for the compounds formed in the reactions of monomethylpentachlorocyclotriphosphazene and the Grignard reagents were found to be informative with respect to the extent and nature of the interaction between the phosphazene ring and its exocyclic substituents. This interaction was found to be responsible for significant effects on the reactions of the phosphazene ring with nucleophiles. The reactions o

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10

Drury, Christopher John. "Nucleophilic substitution and cyclisation reactions of some polyfluoro-heteroaromatic and polyfluoroaromatic compounds." Thesis, Durham University, 1994. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5845/.

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This thesis describes the reactions of some highly fluorinated aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds, in particular derivatives of naphthalene, quinoline and isoquinoline. Chapter 1 provides a general introduction to the preparation, reactions and applications of fluorine containing organic materials. Chapter 2 describes the reactions of some quinoline- and isoquinoline- thiolates with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in an attempt to form six membered heterocycles. Chapter 3 describes nucleophilic substitution reactions of heptafluoro- quinoline and -isoquinoline with sulphur and oxygen nucleo

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11

Donham, Leah L. "Gas-Phase Studies of Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions: Halogenating and Dehalogenating Aromatic Heterocycles." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5645.

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Halogenated heterocycles are common in pharmaceutical and natural products and there is a need to develop a better understanding of processes used to synthesize them. Although the halogenation of simple aromatic molecules is well understood, the mechanisms behind the halogenation of aromatic heterocycles have been more problematic to elucidate because multiple pathways are possible. Recently, new, radical-based mechanisms have been proposed for heterocycle halogenation. In this study, we examine and test the viability of possible nucleophilic substitution, SN2@X, mechanisms in the halogenat

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12

Liu, Jiangqiong. "Kinetic Studies of 6-Halopurine Nucleoside in SNAr Reactions; 6-(Azolyl, Alkylthio and Fluoro)-purine Nucleosides as Substrates for Suzuki Reactions." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1821.pdf.

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13

Chau, Sotheary. "An investigation of the effect of benzene substitution pattern on the formation of discotic phases." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/27672.

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14

Li, Ho Yin. "Rhodium and iridium-catalysed nucleophilic addition/substitution reactions for the synthesis of lead-like scaffolds." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.634530.

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The research project presented in this thesis aimed to synthesise lead-like scaffolds under array conditions utilizing a novel metal catalysed reaction sequence. The reaction sequence was designed to synthesize libraries of compounds with structural diversity and maximum functional group compatibility in order to aid organic synthesis in modern medicinal industry. The first part of this thesis involved the study of rhodium-catalysed conjugate addition of boronic acids/esters to various Michael acceptors. This methodology has been investigated in order to expand the nucleophile scope to ortho-s

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15

Schory, David Henry. "Quantum Chemical Investigations of Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions and Acid Dissociations of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1253480264.

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16

Hayes, Roger Nicholas. "A study of some gas phase nucleophilic substitution reactions of carbon, silicon and boron by ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry /." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phH418.pdf.

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17

Dandekar, Sushama A. "Studies of intramolecular S_RN1 reactions of carbanions derived from 2-(o-halobenzyl)amides and 3-(o-halobenzyl)imides: application to the synthesis of succinimido[3,4-b]indane, a potential anticonvulsant." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40096.

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18

Dolliver, Debra D. "Mechanisms of Methoxide Ion Substitution and Acid- Catalyzed Z/E Isomerization of N-Methoxyimines." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3017/.

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The second order rate constants for nucleophilic substitution by methoxide of (Z)- and (E)-O-methylbenzohydroximoyl fluorides [C6H4C(F)=NOCH3] with various substituents on the phenyl ring [p-OCH3 (1h, 2h), p-CH3 (1g, 2g), p-Cl (1f, 2f), p-H (1e, 2e), (3,5)-bis-CF3 (1i, 2i)] in 90:10 DMSO:MeOH have been measured. A Hammett plot of these rate constants vs σ values gave positive ρ values of 2.95 (Z isomer) and 3.29 (E isomer). Comparison of these rates with methoxide substitution rates for Omethylbenzohydroximoyl bromide [C6H4C(Br)=NOCH3] and Omethylbenzohydroximoyl chloride [C6H4C(Cl)=NOCH3] r

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19

Chae, Hyun Sik. "Applications of nucleophilic substitution and addition reactions of dicationic ruthenium and iridium arene complexes in organic synthesis and materials chemistry /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3127638.

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20

Brammer, Larry E. "The elucidation of single electron transfer (SET) mechanisms in the reactions of nucleophiles with carbonyl compounds." Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-151247/.

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21

Mahmood, Tariq. "Aspects of the chemistry of 1,4-naphthoquinones : an investigation of nucleophilic substitution reactions of alkylamines and hydroxyalyklamines on 1,4 napthoquinones and the role of solvent on the position of substitution." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5746.

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Nucleophilic substitution reactions of alkylamines, cyclic alkylamines, and hydroxyalkylamines with 5-substituted-1,4-naphthoquinones have been studied. It has been found that the nature of the solvent employed in the reaction influences the position of mono-substitution at either the 2- or 3-position. Although both regioisomers were produced in all the reactions, protic polar solvents favoured the formation of the 3-regioisomer, whereas non-protic solvents favoured the formation of the 2-regioisomer. It has also been found that formation of 2,3-diaminoalkyl derivatives is normally unlikely. A

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22

Machover, Sarah B. "Understanding the Solvent-free Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction Performed in the High Speed Ball Mill (HSBM): Reactions of Secondary Alkyl Halides and Alkali Metal-Halogen Salts." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1307043848.

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23

Xie, Sheng. "Perfluroaryl azides : Reactivities, Unique Reactions and their Applications in the Synthesis of Theranostic Agents." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Organisk kemi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-172950.

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The work centersaround perfluoroaryl azides (PFAAs), and theirability to undergo certain fast and robusttransformations. The chemistry was furtherappliedfor biomedical applications. The first section focuses on the azide-aldehyde-amine cycloaddition using PFAAs. Experimental and computational investigations uncovered a fast azide-enamine cycloaddition to form triazolines, which spontaneously rearrange into stable amidine products. In addition, this transformation was explored in the formulation of pure nanodrugs. Because this reaction can introduce a phenyl and a perfluoroaryl moiety enabling

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24

Fejfar, José Luiz. "Resolução cinética em reações de substituição nucleofílica mediadas por catalisadores por transferência de fase derivados da efedrina, cinchonidina e quinina." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46135/tde-29112018-120557/.

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Neste trabalho foram estudadas reações de substituição nucleofílica alifática de seis substratos halogenados, na presença de sais quaternários de amônio quirais (catalisadores por transferência de fase), derivados de alcalóides naturais. O sistema usado durante os trabalhos foi o sólido-líquido, sendo utilizado o tolueno como solvente do substrato halogenado. Os eletrófilos escolhidos para este trabalho foram, em sua grande maioria, compostos halogenados na posição alfa à carbonila e o nucleófilo foi o fenilmercapteto de sódio. A estrutura do substratos, as condições de reação e o tipo de cata

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25

Gimadiev, Timur. "Modèles prédictifs pour les paramètres cinétiques et thermodynamiques des réactions chimiques." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAF007/document.

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Ce travail est consacré à la modélisation QSPR des propriétés cinétiques et thermodynamiques des réactions chimiques à l'aide de l'approche Graphe Condensé de Réaction (CGR). Le CGR permet de coder des structures de réactifs et de produits en un seul graphe moléculaire pour lequel des descripteurs moléculaires peuvent être générés.Une base de données contenant plus de 11000 réactions collectées manuellement a été développée puis utilisée dans la modélisation. Les modèles prédictifs ont été construits pour les constantes de vitesse de réactions Diels-Alder, SN2 et E2 ainsi que pour les constant

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26

Belaroussi, Rabia. "Synthèse et fonctionnalisation de nouveaux dérivés tricycliques [6-5-6] polyhétéroaromatiques à visée thérapeutique potentielle." Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE2002/document.

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La découverte de nouveaux candidats susceptibles de lutter contre différentes pathologies, en l’occurrence le cancer et les maladies neurodégénératives, constitue l’un des principaux objectifs de notre groupe de recherche. Dans ce contexte, les travaux de cette thèse ont pour but principal, la conception de deux nouvelles classes d’hétérocycles de structure planes, jusqu’à ce jour, très rarement étudiées, à savoir les pyrido[2’,1’ :1,5]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyridazines et les pyrido[2’,1’ :1,5]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines. Ce manuscrit est essentiellement dédié à un travail de méthodologie décrivant le

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27

Halldin, Stenlid Joakim. "Computational Studies of Chemical Interactions: Molecules, Surfaces and Copper Corrosion." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Tillämpad fysikalisk kemi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-213028.

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The chemical bond – a corner stone in science and a prerequisite for life – is the focus of this thesis. Fundamental and applied aspects of chemical bonding are covered including the development of new computational methods for the characterization and rationalization of chemical interactions. The thesis also covers the study of corrosion of copper-based materials. The latter is motivated by the proposed use of copper as encapsulating material for spent nuclear fuel in Sweden. In close collaboration with experimental groups, state-of-the-art computational methods were employed for the study of

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28

Bogle, Xavier Sheldon. "Dynamic Effects in Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10313.

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In order to rationally optimize a reaction, it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of its mechanism. Consequently, great effort has been made to elucidate a variety of reaction mechanisms. However, the fundamental ideas needed to understand reaction mechanisms are not yet fully developed. Throughout the literature, one encounters numerous examples of experimental observations that are not explainable by conventional mechanistic ideas and methods. The research described in this dissertation employs a unique approach towards the identification and analysis of systems whose observations

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29

MALMBERG, SEAN MAGNUS. "Nucleophilic Catalysis of Brominated Butyl Rubber Substitution Reactions." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/5257.

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The allylic bromide functionality within brominated poly(isobutylene-co-isoprene), or BIIR, is amenable to substitution by a wide range of nucleophiles. The objective of this work was to gain insight into the dynamics of these substitution reactions, and to develop methods for accelerating these processes. Of particular interest was the reactivity of exomethylene (Exo-Br) and bromomethyl (BrMe) isomers found within BIIR toward various nucleophiles, and catalytic techniques for affecting the proportion of these isomers. BIIR isomerization can be catalyzed through ionic chemistry involving so

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30

林謙芳. "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Oxa-Cages with Allyltrimethylsilane and Triethylsilane." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89018175920475199669.

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碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>應用化學系<br>90<br>Abstract The reaction of the trioxa-cage compounds 4, 10, 14, 23, 28 with allyltrimethylsilane and triethylsilane gave the corresponding compounds 5, 6, 11, 15, 24. Their stereochemistry can be determined by H,H-COSY and NOE experiments. Ozonolysis of the diol compound 17 gave the tetraoxa-cage compound 18. Doubled nucleophilic substitution reaction of 18 with allyltrimethylsilane gave linear trioxatriquinane derivative compound 19. The double nucleophilic substitution reactions of oxa-cage compound 32, only gave mono-substituted

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31

Hsin-I, Hsieh, and 謝馨儀. "Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of5-Bromo-4-sulfur-substituted 5,6-Dihydro-2-Pyridones." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45763674896989364064.

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碩士<br>輔仁大學<br>化學系<br>93<br>This thesis mainly studied the substitution reactions of bromo compound 5 and its sulfone derivative 19 with carbon nucleophiles, and explored the reactivity, solvent effect, and regioselectivity of the reaction. Compounds 5 or 19 underwent nucleophilic substitution reactions with dimethyl malonate anion,acetylacetone anion, ethyl acetoacetate anion, and dimethyl cuprate in a SN2' fashion. Aromatic derivative 21 underwent nucleophilic substitution reaction only with dimethyl malonate anion to give product 23, whereas its reaction with other nucleophiles yielded only

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32

Arun, Kumar P. "Mechanistic Investigation of Metal Promoted Nucleophilic Additions." Thesis, 2013. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/2842.

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Nucleophilic additions are an important class of reactions in the preparation of several organic compounds. Metals facilitate nucleophilic additions in many cases. The present work Mechanistic Investigation of Metal Promoted Nucleophilic additions is an attempt to understand the mechanism of nucleophilic additions to imines and carbonyl compounds mediated by the transition metal complexes. Understanding the mechanism of metal promoted nucleophilic additions can facilitate the design and synthesis of more efficient catalysts. Chapter 1 provides a brief introduction to nucleophilic addition. A

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33

LU, CHIN-AN, and 呂晉安. "ZnO Nanoparticle-Supported NHCs as Recyclable Catalysts for Nucleophilic Substitution and Aldol Condensation Reactions in Aqueous Solutions." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wsfa4x.

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碩士<br>國立中正大學<br>化學暨生物化學研究所<br>106<br>We refered to Wang’s thesis, sythesized the N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) molecules, (Mesbim)(CH2)11SH (8), used gold nanoparticles anchored thiol protecting groups [Au-SR] (R = CH3(CH2)6CH2SH) (9) as the carrier, and exchanged part of protecting groups to (Mesbim)(CH2)11SH (8), finally we got gold nanoparticles supported catalyst RS-Au-Smes (10). The other side, we sythesized another NHCs molecular catalyst, [HOOCMMIM][PF6] (2), and anchored on ZnO nanoparticles to make the zinc oxide nanoparticles supported catalysts ZnO-[HOOCMMIM][PF6] (3). According to

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34

Tsai, Wan-Chen, and 蔡婉甄. "Theoretical Modeling of the Kinetic Isotope Effects (KIEs) and Tunneling Effects of the Bimolecular Nucleophilic Substitution (SN2) Reactions." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39489209113610953427.

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碩士<br>國立中正大學<br>化學暨生物化學研究所<br>101<br>This thesis consists of four chapters. In chapter 1 and chapter 2, we studied the elimination and substitution reactions of vinyl halide with a nucleophile (halide anion). In the chapters 3 and 4, we investigated the kinetic isotope effects and tunneling effects of SN2 reactions. 　　In chapter 1, we studied two exothermic E2-like reactions of the F- + C2H3Y (Y = Cl, Br) → HF + C2H2 + Y- in the gas phase, in microsolvation with a H2O (F-(H2O) + C2H3Y), and in bulk water solvent. Basis on the different orientation of the hydrogen abstraction by the nucleophil

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35

蔣宗勳. "Nucleophilic substitution reactions of 2-(N-methylanilino)-2-phenylthioacetonitrile, an expedient method for synthesis of -amino nitriles and carbamates." Thesis, 1990. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47d58q.

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36

Dubland, Joshua. "Studies towards Developing Diastereoselective SN1 Reactions of α-Keto Carbocations". Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/24246.

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Although α-keto carbocations have been demonstrated to be viable intermediates in solvolysis reactions, their applications in synthesis are scarce. These species can be considered to be equivalent to “reversed polarity” enolates and, as such, could be useful for the asymmetric formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. In principle, facial selectivity in additions to α-keto carbocations may be induced using easily removed ester, amide, or imide chiral auxiliaries. Efforts to achieve such diastereoselective SN1 reactions of α-keto carbocations are described herein.

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