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Journal articles on the topic 'Substrate of tension'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Lamoureux, P., J. Zheng, R. E. Buxbaum, and S. R. Heidemann. "A cytomechanical investigation of neurite growth on different culture surfaces." Journal of Cell Biology 118, no. 3 (1992): 655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.118.3.655.

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We have examined the relationship between tension, an intrinsic stimulator of axonal elongation, and the culture substrate, an extrinsic regulator of axonal elongation. Chick sensory neurons were cultured on three substrata: (a) plain tissue culture plastic; (b) plastic treated with collagen type IV; and (c) plastic treated with laminin. Calibrated glass needles were used to increase the tension loads on growing neurites. We found that growth cones on all substrata failed to detach when subjected to two to threefold and in some cases 5-10-fold greater tensions than their self-imposed rest tens

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2

Absolom, Darryl R. "The role of bacterial hydrophobicity in infection: bacterial adhesion and phagocytic ingestion." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 34, no. 3 (1988): 287–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m88-054.

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The role that bacterial surface hydrophobicity (surface tension) plays in determining the extent of adhesion of polymer substrates and phagocytic ingestion is reviewed. The early attachment phase in bacterial adhesion is shown to depend critically on the relative surface tensions of the three interacting phases; i.e., bacteria, substrate, and suspending liquid surface tension. When suspended in a liquid with a high surface tension such as Hanks balanced salt solution, the most hydrophobic bacteria adhere to all surfaces to the greatest extent. When the liquid surface tension (γLV) is larger th

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3

Pradhan, Debabrata, and Ramana G. Reddy. "Interfacial Properties Prediction of Liquid Iron-Si Inclusion-MgO Refractory." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.390.

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A thermodynamic model for the prediction of interfacial tension of liquid iron, inclusion and solid oxide substrate/refractory was evaluated. The combined Good’s and Young’s equations were used for high temperature liquid metal-solid oxide substrate-inclusion system to evaluate the interfacial tensions. The study predicts the liquid silicon (as model inclusion/impurity) adherence on the solid oxide substrate/refractory (MgO) in a liquid iron melt. The calculated results for interfacial tension between liquid iron-MgO values decreased from 1798 to 1026 ergs/cm2 as the temperature increases from

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4

Altland, James E., James S. Owen, and William C. Fonteno. "Developing Moisture Characteristic Curves and Their Descriptive Functions at Low Tensions for Soilless Substrates." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 135, no. 6 (2010): 563–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.135.6.563.

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Moisture characteristic curves (MCC) relate the water content in a substrate to the matric potential at a given tension or height. These curves are useful for comparing the water-holding characteristics of two or more soils or soilless substrates. Most techniques for developing MCC are not well suited for measuring low tensions (0 to 100 cm H2O) in coarse substrates used in container nursery production such as those composed of bark. The objectives of this research were to compare an inexpensive modified long column method with an established method for creating low-tension MCCs and then to de

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Urban, D., K. Topolski, and J. De Coninck. "Wall Tension and Heterogeneous Substrate." Physical Review Letters 76, no. 23 (1996): 4388–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.76.4388.

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6

Farias, Maryzelia Furtado de, João Carlos Cury Saad, and Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas. "QUALIDADE COMERCIAL DO CRISÂNTEMO DE VASO EM AMBIENTE PROTEGIDO, CULTIVAR PURITAN, IRRIGADO SOB DIFERENTES TENSÕES DE ÁGUA NO SUBSTRATO." IRRIGA 8, no. 2 (2003): 160–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2003v8n2p160-167.

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QUALIDADE COMERCIAL DO CRISÂNTEMO DE VASO EM AMBIENTE PROTEGIDO, CULTIVAR PURITAN, IRRIGADO SOB DIFERENTES TENSÕES DE ÁGUA NO SUBSTRATO Maryzélia Furtado de FariasJoão Carlos Cury SaadDepartamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP.CP, 237, CEP 18603-970. E-mail: maryzelia@fca.unesp.brRoberto Lyra Villas BôasDepartamento de Recursos Naturais, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP.CP, 237, CEP 18603-970 1 RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar a tensão de água no substrato qu

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Oleskog, Gunilla, Harald Grip, Urban Bergsten, and Kenneth Sahlén. "Seedling emergence of Pinus sylvestris in characterized seedbed substrates under different moisture conditions." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30, no. 11 (2000): 1766–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x00-111.

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Establishment of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands from seed is often unsuccessful because of unsuitable environmental conditions, such as limited soil moisture or air humidity. Improved seedling emergence could be achieved by soil preparation if site-specific optimal seedbeds were specified. Therefore the effects of seedbed substrates (13 characterized mixtures of sand, silt, and organic matter) on seedling emergence were determined after 14-day emergence tests in small laboratory chambers with four moisture conditions (2 levels of relative air humidity (RH), 95 and 65%, in combination

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ZAMLJEN, Tilen, Ana SLATNAR, and Vesna ZUPANC. "Analiza fizikalnih lastnosti šotnega substrata." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 116, no. 2 (2020): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2020.116.2.1851.

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<p>Peat substrate is the main substrate for plant production, mainly for the cultivation of vegetable seedlings and ornamental plants. Peat has good water retention properties, low mass, low pH and is free from diseases and pests. The water retention properties are particularly important for optimizing irrigation and thus water consumption in plant production. We investigated the water retention properties of unused and used peat substrate and various mixtures with additives, as well as the occurrence of water repellency, as this influences water absorption into the substrate. Unused pea

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9

Hui, Chung-Yuen, and Anand Jagota. "Deformation near a liquid contact line on an elastic substrate." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 470, no. 2167 (2014): 20140085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2014.0085.

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The equilibrium configuration of a liquid drop on a solid is determined by local energy balance. For a very stiff substrate, energy balance is represented by Young's equation. The equilibrium configuration near a line separating three fluids, in contrast, is determined by a balance of forces—their surface tensions—which is represented graphically by Neumann's triangle. We argue that these two are limiting cases of the more general situation of a drop on an elastic substrate in which both configurational energy balance and force balance must be satisfied independently. By analysing deformation

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10

Ju, Guoli, Shanhui Liu, Lei Feng, Chaoyue Wang, and Kailin Yang. "Modeling of Accumulator in Roll-to-Roll Coating Equipment and Tension Control with Nonlinear PID." Polymers 16, no. 24 (2024): 3479. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16243479.

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This paper addresses the issue of the high-precision control of substrate tension in an accumulator during the roll-to-roll coating process. First, a coupling model for tension errors in the substrate within the accumulator is established, along with dynamic models for the input–output rollers, carriage, and the thrust model of the ball screw. Based on these models, a simulation model is built in MATLAB/Simulink to analyze the main causes of substrate tension errors in the accumulator under uncontrolled conditions. Next, to tackle the tension errors caused by carriage displacement, a nonlinear

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11

Koran, Karen M., Albert D. Venosa, and Christopher Luedeker. "EVALUATION OF DETERGENCY, INTERFACIAL TENSION AND CONTACT ANGLE FOR FIVE SURFACE WASHING AGENTS." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (2008): 785–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-785.

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ABSTRACT The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has developed a laboratory testing protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of surface washing agents (SWAs) to remove crude oil from a solid substrate. Variables were tested to determine their effect on SWA performance. The protocol was most sensitive to SWA:oil ratio (SOR) and rotational speed of mixing; it was not greatly affected by contact time, mixing time, or SWA concentration when total applied mass is constant. Interfacial tension and contact angle were measured for Prudhoe Bay Crude oil in the presence of six SWAs. SWAs were rank

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Mouafo, Tene Hippolyte, Augustin Mbawala, and Robert Ndjouenkeu. "Effect of Different Carbon Sources on Biosurfactants’ Production by Three Strains ofLactobacillusspp." BioMed Research International 2018 (2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5034783.

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The potential of three indigenous bacterial strains (Lactobacillus delbrueckiiN2,Lactobacillus cellobiosusTM1, andLactobacillus plantarumG88) for the production of biosurfactants using sugar cane molasses or glycerol as substrates was investigated through emulsifying, surface tension, and antimicrobial activities. The different biosurfactants produced with molasses as substrate exhibited high surface tension reduction from 72 mN/m to values ranged from 47.50 ± 1.78 to 41.90 ± 0.79 mN/m and high emulsification index ranging from 49.89 ± 5.28 to 81.00 ± 1.14%. Whatever theLactobacillusstrain or

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13

Yin, Li Meng, Jian Wei Xian, and Zong Xiang Yao. "Comparison of Wettability for Sn-Based Solders on Copper and Aluminum Substrates." Materials Science Forum 687 (June 2011): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.687.15.

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The wetting properties of four typical Sn-based solders, i.e., Sn-37Pb, Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu, Sn-0.7Cu and Sn-9Zn, on copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al) substrates at 250 °C, 260 °C and 270 °C were evaluated and compared by wetting balance method. The experimental results show that the wetting time of all solders on Cu substrate is shorter than that on Al substrate, but the wetting force of the solders with Cu substrate is bigger than that with Al substrate except Sn-9Zn solder. In addition, the wettability of the solders on Al substrate increases with increasing soldering temperature, and the wetting fo

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14

Matsui, Toshiaki, Hiroaki Tsujimoto, Hiroki Muroyama, and Koichi Eguchi. "Interfacial Interaction Between Ni and Oxide in SOFC Anodes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 54 (2023): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-015437mtgabs.

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The interfacial properties of Ni/oxide were quantitatively evaluated by determining the contact angle of nickel particles on oxide substrates at the operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Nickel was coated on 8 mol% Y2O3-ZrO2 (YSZ), 10 mol% Sc2O3-1 mol% CeO2-ZrO2 (ScSZ), and Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-δ (GDC) disks by sputtering. Nickel particles were formed on the substrates by annealing these samples under reducing atmospheres. The wettability of nickel particles was found to be the worst on the YSZ substrates, indicating the lowest bond strength between Ni and YSZ. The contact angle of

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15

Akbari, Mahmood, Mohammed Kamruddin, Razieh Morad, and Malik Maaza. "Electrical Tunability of Surface Tension of Vertical Graphene Nanosheets." MRS Advances 5, no. 44 (2020): 2291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2020.209.

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ABSTRACTThe contact angle is a material property determined by the surface tensions between substrate, liquid and the air. In this study, the surface wettability of vertical graphene nanosheets (VGNs) which are carbon nanostructures consisting of a few layers of graphene sheets vertically standing on the substrates, were developed by applying different voltages on the substrate. The contact angle of the water droplet on VGNs/Cu decreased from 123° to 16° with increasing the applied voltage which indicated the hydrophobic and hydrophilic transition of VGNs surfaces. It is anticipated that this

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16

Xu, Jinzhu, Li Jia, Chao Dang, Xinyuan Liu, and Yi Ding. "Effects of solid–liquid interaction and mixture concentration on wettability of nano-droplets: Molecular dynamics simulations." AIP Advances 12, no. 10 (2022): 105313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0120656.

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The wetting of droplets plays a critical role in engineering applications. Intensive study on nano-droplets is of great significance in revealing the wetting characteristics of droplets. The wetting behavior of ethanol/water mixture nano-droplets on a smooth substrate was investigated through molecular dynamics simulation in this paper. Five nano-droplets of the ethanol/water mixture with different mass fractions placed on a copper surface with different surface energies were simulated to equilibrium at 298.15 K. The contract angle, wetting limit (the minimum and the maximum surface tension of

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17

Sun, H. L., Fei Ma, Zhong Xiao Song, Yan Huai Li, and Ke Wei Xu. "Effect of Substrate Constraint on Stress-Induced Deformation Mechanism of Tungsten Thin Film." Advanced Materials Research 89-91 (January 2010): 539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.89-91.539.

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The deformation process of sputtered tungsten films were investigated according to the morphological characteristics and residual stress analysis. Results show that there are four characteristics depending on the substrates and stress state. For thin films on polyimide, the localized plastic deformation is mediated by the alignment of grain boundaries in the case of tension or line bulges in the case of compression. It results from both in-plane and out-of-plane grain rotation. For thin films on silicon substrate, wedge cracks in the case of tension or regular hillocks in the case of compressi

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Perez Gonzalez, Nicolas, Jiaxiang Tao, Nash D. Rochman, et al. "Cell tension and mechanical regulation of cell volume." Molecular Biology of the Cell 29, no. 21 (2018): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e18-04-0213.

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Animal cells use an unknown mechanism to control their growth and physical size. Here, using the fluorescence exclusion method, we measure cell volume for adherent cells on substrates of varying stiffness. We discover that the cell volume has a complex dependence on substrate stiffness and is positively correlated with the size of the cell adhesion to the substrate. From a mechanical force–balance condition that determines the geometry of the cell surface, we find that the observed cell volume variation can be predicted quantitatively from the distribution of active myosin through the cell cor

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19

Courard, Luc, and Robert Degeimbre. "A capillary action test for the investigation of adhesion in repair technology." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 30, no. 6 (2003): 1101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l03-061.

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When repair material is laid down on a concrete substrate, the porosity of concrete allows it to penetrate the substrate, increasing the probability of physical interactions, and subsequently increasing adhesion. Water absorption by immersion or usual capillary action tests do not provide enough information to understand what happens when contact occurs between the concrete substrate and the cement slurries used as a bonding layer. An adaptation of the capillary action test is presented; this is based on a continuous measurement of mass change of the sample. Major differences according to the

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20

Shao, Lin, Hai Chen Qin, Jian Kui Chen, and Bo Tao. "Fuzzy Control Scheme for Transportation of Ultra-Thin Flexible Substrates with Variable-Section." Advanced Materials Research 488-489 (March 2012): 706–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.488-489.706.

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This paper proposes a fuzzy control scheme to achieve the high-precision and high-speed continuous transportation of ultra-thin flexible substrates with variable-section. A tension control model is presented based on the torque balance of pinches. In the model, the flexible substrate is regarded as a parallel spring-damp system, challenged by the dynamics associated with low-tension operation, besides the time-variation resulted by the variable-section. A fuzzy control algorithm is designed for the tension controller. Finally, the analysis in dynamic performance of the whole system is done usi

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Murray, Jason D., John D. Lea-Cox, and David Ross. "262 Standard Time Domain Reflectometry Curves for Cyclic Irrigation Management in Container Production." HortScience 35, no. 3 (2000): 436D—436. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.436d.

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The physical properties of soilless substrates used in the nursery industry vary widely throughout the US, and, as such, present problems for accurate irrigation water management. Water management in soilless substrates is also a key factor in reducing the loss of soluble nitrogen and phosphorus from the root volume. Automated irrigation control that maintains the substrate water content above levels of plant water stress, yet below the maximum water holding capacity of the substrate will serve several positive roles: water and nutrients will be conserved, and losses from run-off minimized. We

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22

Alweendo, Shatumbu Thomas, Motoaki Morita, Kayo Hasegawa, and Shinichi Motoda. "Fatigue Properties of Hot-Dip Galvanized AISI 1020 Normalized Steel in Tension–Compression and Tension–Tension Loading." Materials 14, no. 23 (2021): 7480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14237480.

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Since hot-dip galvanizing causes a heat effect on cold-worked steel substrate and produces a coating layer comprised of distinct phases with varying mechanical properties, the fatigue mechanism of hot-dip galvanized steel is very complex and hard to clarify. In this study, AISI 1020 steel that has been normalized to minimize susceptibility to the heat effect was used to clarify the effect of the galvanizing layer on the tensile and fatigue properties. The galvanizing layer causes a reduction in the yield point, tensile strength, and fatigue strength. The reduction in the fatigue strength was m

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23

Zhu, Sheng, Feng Liang Yin, Jian Liu, and Yuan Yuan Liang. "A Three-Dimensional Model of Droplet Impinging, Solidification and Suspension on the Substrate." Advanced Materials Research 346 (September 2011): 222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.346.222.

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A three-dimensional model was built to study a molten metal droplet impact on an edge of the substrate in droplet deposition manufacturing process for the first time. The whole calculation domain, including the substrate, was described using same fluid conservation equations, which is to say that the remolding and solidification of substrate was considered also. Droplet free surface was tracked by volume-of-fluid (VOF) algorithm. The effect of surface tension on the droplet was taken into consideration by means of considering surface tension to be a component of the body force. The simulated r

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Androulidakis, C., E.N. Koukaras, Carbone M.G. Pastore, M. Hadjinicolaou, and C. Galiotis. "Wrinkling formation in simply-supported graphenes under tension and compression loadings." NANOSCALE 9 (November 8, 2017): art. no. 18180. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7nr06463b.

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Wrinkles in supported graphenes can be formed either by uniaxial compression or uniaxial tension beyond a certain critical load depending on the mode of loading. In the first case, the wrinkling direction is normal to the compression axis whereas in tension, wrinkles of the same pattern are formed parallel to the loading direction due to Poisson’s (lateral) contraction. Herein we show by direct AFM observations that in simply-supported graphenes such instabilities appear as periodic wrinkles over existing stochastic undulations caused by the underlying-substrate-roughness. The critical s

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Mohamad Zin, R., Fauziahanim Che Seman, and Chin Fhong Soon. "Critical Surface Tension of HSF54 Carbon Composite Electrodes on Paper Substrate." Advanced Materials Research 1109 (June 2015): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1109.214.

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The wettability of the carbon composite electrode on paper substrate was studied using contact angle measurement. Y-Shield HSF54 carbon composite material were coated on paper substrates with a mask using squeegee coating technique. Contact angles of the ten polar probe liquids with the HSF54 electrodes were measured using a customed-built image acquisition system. With the contact angles obtained for each probe liquid placed on the electrodes, the surface tension of the electrodes was determined using Fox-Zisman theory. The result showed that the critical surface tension of HSF54 carbon compo

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Venkatesh, N., and N. Vedaraman. "Synthesis of Surfactin by Bacillus subtilis MTCC 2423 from waste fried oils." International Journal of BioSciences and Technology (IJBST) ISSN: 0974-3987 2, no. 8 (2009): 126–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1438151.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> Biosurfactant production by <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> MTCC 2423 was studied in shake flasks, using waste fried sunflower oil and waste fried rice bran oil as substrates and compared with the biosurfactant produced by conventional substrate, ‘glucose’.   Reduction in surface tension and increase in cell bio mass were observed for a period of five days.  <em>Bacillus</em> growing in waste fried sunflower oil decreased the surface tension by 55% whereas conventional substrate glucose produced a reduction of 68%.  Cell biomass formation wa

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27

Fatimah, Fatimah. "UJI PRODUKSI BIOSURFAKTAN OLEH Pseudomonas sp. PADA SUBSTRAT YANG BERBEDA." Berkala Penelitian Hayati 12, no. 2 (2007): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.23869/bphjbr.12.2.200713.

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Biosurfactant, microbial metabolite whose properties like surfactant, was suggested to replace chemically synthesized surfactant for take in hand environtmental pollution by petroleum hydrocarbon. This work was done to examine potency of Pseudomonas sp. isolated from Tanjung Perak Harbor to produce biosurfactant. Also, to know the effect of different substrates (glucose plus yeast extract, lubricating oil and hexadecane) toward biosurfactant production. Pseudomonas sp. grown in mineral synthetic water and biosurfactant production was measured on stationary phase. Biosurfactant production based

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28

Getta, T., and S. Dietrich. "Line tension between fluid phases and a substrate." Physical Review E 57, no. 1 (1998): 655–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.57.655.

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Mao, Wei Ji, Hiroki Sannomiya, Nobuya Shinozaki, and Toshifumi Ogawa. "Wettability, Surface Tension and Work of Adhesion of Cu-Ti Alloys on Yttria Partially-Stabilized Zirconia at 1273K." Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (June 2014): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.102.

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The wetting behavior of molten Cu-Ti alloys with titanium content of 10mass%, 20mass% and 30mass% on the Yttria Partially-Stabilized Zirconia (Y-PSZ) substrates was investigated at 1273K using the sessile drop method. The wettability improved with increasing the titanium content of the alloy. The stabilized contact angles of Cu-10mass%Ti, Cu-20mass%Ti and Cu-30mass%Ti alloys on the Y-PSZ substrate were measured to be 69°, 47°and 30°, respectively. The surface tension of the molten Cu-Ti alloys and the work of adhesion of alloy/substrate interface increased with increasing the titanium content.

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Cai, Truong, Andrew Westover, Sergiy Kalnaus, Nancy Dudney, and Brian W. Sheldon. "In-Situ Thermo-Mechanical Characterization and Strain Engineering of Lipon Thin Films." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 6 (2023): 1038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0161038mtgabs.

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High temperature multi-optical-stress sensor (HTMOSS) has been used to characterize the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and yield stress of 1-micron thick LiPON films. Six fully dense, amorphous films were deposited on glass and sapphire substrates. The films were then annealed at temperatures ranging from 80 to 200 C for 3 hours. The CTE of LiPON is found to be approximately 4.1e-6, and argued to be independent of the substrate type. Because of this intermediate CTE value, by varying the substrate, we could impose either tension and compression due to thermal mismatch to the film. We o

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Wang, Peng Yun, He Jun Li, Le Hua Qi, Hai Liang Deng, and Han Song Zuo. "Morphology and Tensile Behavior of 2024 Al Alloy Objects Fabricated by Uniform Droplet Spraying Deposition." Advanced Materials Research 472-475 (February 2012): 787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.472-475.787.

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A metal rapid prototyping technique, uniform droplet spraying, is utilized to fabricate 2024 Al alloy objects. Molten droplets are generated by drop-on-demand mode and deposited onto a zigzag moving substrate, which produces objects with different side surfaces. The tensile strength of the deposited specimen is 180.5 MPa, with elongation to fracture of ~8.2%. The fracture surface of deposited specimen presents two regions, namely, rough region and smooth region. The smooth region initially cracks under tension load, and the rough region presents many elongated dimples, indicating a ductile she

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Chao, Kuo Lin, Shuang Shii Lian, Chung Yung Wu, and Ku Ling Chang. "Surface Tension Measurement of Liquid Fe-Si-B Alloy by Sessile Drop Method." Key Engineering Materials 573 (September 2013): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.573.9.

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The purpose of this study is to measure contact angle and surface tension of liquid Fe-Si-B alloys at high temperature using sessile drop method. The surface tension and contact angle result is based on sessile drop method by use of a digital camera to take the drop profile and fit the profile by Youngs-Laplace equation. The surface tension of liquid Fe-Si-B alloy and its dependence on temperature has been studied. Contact angles of this liquid alloy on various refractories substrate have been determined using this instrument. The result showed that the contact angles and surface tension of Fe

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Demay, Agathe, Johnathan Hernandez, Perla Latorre, Remelisa Esteves, and Seetha Raghavan. "Functional Coatings for Damage Detection in Aerospace Structures." Technology & Innovation 22, no. 1 (2021): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.21300/21.4.2021.10.

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The future of aerospace structures is highly dependent on the advancement of reliable and high-performance materials, such as composite materials and metals. Innovation in high resolution non-invasive evaluation of these materials is needed for their qualification and monitoring for structural integrity. Aluminum oxide (or α-alumina) nanoparticles present photoluminescent properties that allow stress and damage sensing via photoluminescence piezospectroscopy. This work describes how these nanoparticles are added into a polymer matrix to create functional coatings that monitor the damage of the

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Medici, Leonardo Oliveira, Hermes Soares da Rocha, Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho, Carlos Pimentel, and Ricardo Antunes Azevedo. "Automatic controller to water plants." Scientia Agricola 67, no. 6 (2010): 727–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162010000600016.

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Despite the massive demand of water for plant irrigation, there are few devices being used in the automation of this process in agriculture. This work evaluates a simple controller to water plants automatically that can be set up with low cost commercial materials, which are large-scale produced. This controller is composed by a ceramic capsule used in common domestic water filters; a plastic tube around 1.5 m long, and a pressostate used in domestic washing machines. The capsule and the pressostate are connected through the tube so that all parts are filled with water. The ceramic capsule is

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Zhang, Limin, Ning Li, Hui Xing, Rong Zhang, and Kaikai Song. "Effect of Direct Current on Solid-Liquid Interfacial Tension and Wetting Behavior of Ga–In–Sn Alloy Melt on Cu Substrate." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6328976.

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The effect of direct current (DC) on the wetting behavior of Cu substrate by liquid Ga–25In–13Sn alloy at room temperature is investigated using a sessile drop method. It is found that there is a critical value for current intensity, below which the decrease of contact angle with increasing current intensity is approximately linear and above which contact angle tends to a stable value from drop shape. Current polarity is a negligible factor in the observed trend. Additionally, the observed change in contact angles is translated into the corresponding change in solid-liquid interfacial tension

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Chen, Bin, Peidong Wu, and Huajian Gao. "Pre-tension generates strongly reversible adhesion of a spatula pad on substrate." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 6, no. 35 (2008): 529–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2008.0322.

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Motivated by recent studies on reversible adhesion mechanisms of geckos and insects, we investigate the effect of pre-tension on the orientation-dependent adhesion strength of an elastic tape adhering on a substrate. Our analysis shows that the pre-tension can significantly increase the peel-off force at small peeling angles while decreasing it at large peeling angles, leading to a strongly reversible adhesion. More interestingly, we find that there exists a critical value of pre-tension beyond which the peel-off force plunges to zero at a force-independent critical peeling angle. We further s

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Ge, Wen-Kai, Gui Lu, Xin Xu, and Xiao-Dong Wang. "Droplet spreading and permeating on the hybrid-wettability porous substrates: a lattice Boltzmann method study." Open Physics 14, no. 1 (2016): 483–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2016-0055.

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AbstractThe spreading and permeation of droplets on porous substrates is a fundamental process in a variety of applications, such as coating, dyeing, and printing. The spreading and permeating usually occur synchronously but play different roles in the practical applications. The mechanisms of the competition between spreading and permeation is significant but still unclear. A lattice Boltzmann method is used to study the spreading and permeation of droplets on hybrid-wettability porous substrates, with different wettability on the surface and the inside pores. The competition between the spre

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Hamzah, Esah, Tze Mi Yong, and Kevin Chee Mun Fai. "XRD Studies on Residual Stress of the Diamond Films Grown Using Hot Filament Chemical Vapour Deposition Technique on Silicon Nitride and Tungsten Carbide Substrates." Advanced Materials Research 686 (April 2013): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.686.325.

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This study analyses residual stress measurement using X-Ray diffraction method on ultrafine-polycrystalline diamonds and polycrystalline diamonds films grown using Hot Filament Chemical Vapour Deposition technique (HFCVD) on silicon nitride(Si3N4) and tungsten carbide (WC) substrates in the same chamber at the same time with varied pretreatments prior to HFCVD diamond deposition. Measurements were taken perpendicular to the surface and the measured residual stress states of the diamond films are in compression. Thus, assuming isotropic properties of the film, the diamond films grown have tensi

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Zhou, Dennis W., Ted T. Lee, Shinuo Weng, Jianping Fu, and Andrés J. García. "Effects of substrate stiffness and actomyosin contractility on coupling between force transmission and vinculin–paxillin recruitment at single focal adhesions." Molecular Biology of the Cell 28, no. 14 (2017): 1901–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e17-02-0116.

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Focal adhesions (FAs) regulate force transfer between the cytoskeleton and ECM–integrin complexes. We previously showed that vinculin regulates force transmission at FAs. Vinculin residence time in FAs correlated with applied force, supporting a mechanosensitive model in which forces stabilize vinculin’s active conformation to promote force transfer. In the present study, we examined the relationship between traction force and vinculin–paxillin localization to single FAs in the context of substrate stiffness and actomyosin contractility. We found that vinculin and paxillin FA area did not corr

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Blokhuis, Edgar M. "Line tension between two surface phases on a substrate." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 202, no. 3-4 (1994): 402–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4371(94)90468-5.

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Hommel, M., O. Kraft, and E. Arzt. "A new method to study cyclic deformation of thin films in tension and compression." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 6 (1999): 2373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0317.

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In this paper, a new method to study cyclic plastic deformation in thin metal films is presented. Cu films were deposited onto compliant substrates allowing the film to be subjected to tensile and compressive stresses on loading and unloading of the film/substrate composite. The film stress was measured in situ by x-ray diffraction. First results lend to characteristic stress-strain hysteresis curves, indicative of fatigue processes in small dimensions.

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Nektarios, Panayiotis A., Serafim Kastritsis, Nikolaos Ntoulas, and Panayiota Tsiotsiopoulou. "Substrate Amendment Effects on Potted Plant Production and Dry Weight Partition of Lantana camara." HortScience 46, no. 6 (2011): 864–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.46.6.864.

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Ten substrates were evaluated for their capacity to promote the growth of potted Lantana camara. The substrates consisted of different volumetric proportions of sandy loam soil (S), peat (P), perlite (Per), and urea formaldehyde resin foam (UFRF referred to as F), the latter in an effort to substitute peat use in horticulture. The substrates studied were: S, S60:P40, S40:P60, S60:F40, S40:F60, P60:F40, P40:F60, S40:P30:Per30, S40:F30:Per30, and P50:Per50. Measurements included: 1) substrate physical and chemical characteristics such as water characteristic curves, bulk density, total porosity,

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Hsueh, Chun-Hway, and Pedro Miranda. "Modeling of contact-induced radial cracking in ceramic bilayer coatings on compliant substrates." Journal of Materials Research 18, no. 5 (2003): 1275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2003.0175.

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Contact-induced radial cracking in ceramic coatings on compliant substrates was analyzed recently. Radial cracks initiate at the coating/substrate interface beneath the contact where maximum flexural tension occurs, and an analytical expression for the onset of radial cracking in monolayer coatings was formulated on the basis of the classical solution for flexing plates on elastic foundation. In the present study, the analytical expression was derived for the case of ceramic bilayer coatings on compliant substrates, which have significant applications in the structure of dental crowns. It was

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Wang, Shang, Wenpei Li, Xiaochen Wang, Rui Ai, Quan Yang, and Zhongde Shan. "Impact tensile cracking behavior of oxide scale in Q235 strip iron." MATEC Web of Conferences 189 (2018): 08002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818908002.

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Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to observe the fracture surface morphology of Q235 steel. The cracking law/crack rule principle of strip surface under tension is studied via universal tensile testing machine. The results show that the thickness of the scale is relatively uniform, about 10 μm, and the structure is dense and well attached to the matrix. Tensile experiments show that as the strain increases, the cracks increase slowly in the initial stage, rapidly in the middle period, and slowly in the final period. When the strain exceeds 0.15%, the cracks are difficult to increase.

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Neilson, Julia W., Shelley A. Pierce, and Raina M. Maier. "Factors Influencing Expression ofluxCDABE and nah Genes in Pseudomonas putida RB1353(NAH7, pUTK9) in Dynamic Systems." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 8 (1999): 3473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.8.3473-3482.1999.

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ABSTRACT Bioluminescent reporter organisms have been successfully exploited as analytical tools for in situ determination of bioavailable levels of contaminants in static environmental samples. Continued characterization and development of such reporter systems is needed to extend the application of these bioreporters to in situ monitoring of degradation in dynamic environmental systems. In this study, the naphthalene-degrading, lux bioreporter bacteriumPseudomonas putida RB1353 was used to evaluate the relative influences of cell growth stage, cell density, substrate concentration, oxygen ten

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Маневич, Борис Владиленович, and Жанна Ивановна Кузина. "The influence of the composition of functional milk-based products on the processes of sanitizing equipment." Food processing industry, no. 8 (August 5, 2021): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52653/ppi.2021.8.8.007.

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Рассмотрены процессы формирования адгезионных отложений, изменяющих физико-химические свойства поверхностей и представляющих определенные проблемы для удаления в процессах санитарной обработки. Представлен анализ основных факторов, влияющих на работу адгезии молочных продуктов с субстратом. Определены значения поверхностного натяжения восстановленных молочных продуктов-адгезивов при комнатной температуре, и рассчитана работа адгезии на субстратах (стекло и нержавеющая сталь). Исследование направлено на измерение и сравнение работы адгезии различных молочных продуктов по отношению к субстрату -

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Yim, Chang-Joo, Ji-Yeon Choy, Hae-Kyung Youi, et al. "Dilute Polymerization of Aniline on PDMS Substrate via Surface Modification Using (3-Aminopropyl)Triethoxysilane for Stretchable Strain Sensor." Sensors 22, no. 7 (2022): 2741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22072741.

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Stretchable strain sensors are capable of acquiring data when in contact with human skin or equipment and are widely used in wearable applications. Most strain sensors have tensile properties of less than 20% and have limitations regarding body motion linkage, complex sensor structure, and motion nonreliability. To address these problems, we developed a high tension and high sensitivity sensor with a gauge factor over 40 and tensile stress about 50%. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was selected as the flexible substrate to ensure tensile strength, and polyaniline (PANI) was used to measure the res

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Katin, Konstantin P., Mikhail M. Maslov, Konstantin S. Krylov, and Vadim D. Mur. "On the Impact of Substrate Uniform Mechanical Tension on the Graphene Electronic Structure." Materials 13, no. 20 (2020): 4683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204683.

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Employing density functional theory calculations, we obtain the possibility of fine-tuning the bandgap in graphene deposited on the hexagonal boron nitride and graphitic carbon nitride substrates. We found that the graphene sheet located on these substrates possesses the semiconducting gap, and uniform biaxial mechanical deformation could provide its smooth fitting. Moreover, mechanical tension offers the ability to control the Dirac velocity in deposited graphene. We analyze the resonant scattering of charge carriers in states with zero total angular momentum using the effective two-dimension

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Loganina, Valentina. "Development of model of the quality of the appearance of paint and varnish coatings." MATEC Web of Conferences 298 (2019): 00003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929800003.

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The regularities of the formation of the quality of the appearance of coatings from the rheological and technological properties of colorful compositions are established. It was revealed that with an increase in the surface tension of paint , a lower quality of the appearance of the resulting coating is observed. With an increase in the porosity of the substrate, an increase in the surface roughness of the coatings is observed. A model of the appearance quality of coatings is proposed depending on the porosity of the substrate and the surface tension of the paint composition

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Pinto-Dueñas, Diana Cristina, Christian Hernández-Guzmán, Patrick Matthew Marsch та ін. "The Role of ZO-2 in Modulating JAM-A and γ-Actin Junctional Recruitment, Apical Membrane and Tight Junction Tension, and Cell Response to Substrate Stiffness and Topography". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, № 5 (2024): 2453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25052453.

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This work analyzes the role of the tight junction (TJ) protein ZO-2 on mechanosensation. We found that the lack of ZO-2 reduced apical membrane rigidity measured with atomic force microscopy, inhibited the association of γ-actin and JAM-A to the cell border, and instead facilitated p114RhoGEF and afadin accumulation at the junction, leading to an enhanced mechanical tension at the TJ measured by FRET, with a ZO-1 tension probe, and increased tricellular TJ tension. Simultaneously, adherens junction tension measured with an E-cadherin probe was unaltered. The stability of JAM-A and ZO-2 binding

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