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Porcelli, Stefano. "Neurobiologia del cervello sociale nei disturbi d'ansia e dell'umore - Mini-review." QUADERNI DI PSICOTERAPIA COGNITIVA, no. 51 (January 2023): 32–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/qpc51-2022oa15181.
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La conoscenza attuale permette di tracciare un iniziale quadro dei complessi substrati neurobiologici che sostengono il funzionamento del cervello sociale negli umani. L'alta complessità del cervello sociale determina tuttavia un'alta vulnerabilità verso diversi disturbi neuropsichiatrici.Nel presente articolo, ci siamo focalizzati sulle disfunzioni sociali presenti nei principali disturbi dell'umore e di ansia, descrivendo i substrati neurobiologici che sono stati associati a tali deficit. È interessante notare che tali substrati risultano simili in questi disturbi e simili a quelli riscontrati in altri disturbi neuropsichiatrici, seppure risultino impattati in misura diversa nelle diverse condizioni. Perciò, le disfunzioni sociali potrebbero rappresentare un dominio (parzialmente) indipendente con specifiche alterazioni biologiche alla sua base.Una migliore comprensione di tali basi neurobiologiche potrebbe aprire la strada allo sviluppo di trattamenti mirati per tali deficit.
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Angelini, A., A. Abdurahakman, R. Manara, P. Amistà, and G. Thiene. "Substrati anatomo-patologici degli aneurismi cerebrali." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 16, no. 1 (February 2003): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140090301600116.
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Atherosclerosis and fibromuscular dysplasia are the two most common causes of cerebral aneurysms. Saccular aneurysms are mainly congential and located in the bifurcations. Fusiform aneurysms are caused by atherosclerosis and involve the posterior portion, mainly the vertebral and basilar arteries and may develop into giant aneurysms. Cerebral atherosclerosis causes two types of lesions: stenosis with the formation of atheromatous plaque jutting into the lumen, and aneurysms leading to vascular remodelling with erosion of the internal elastic membrane, atrophy of the media and thickening and hyalinization of the intima. Atheromatous plaque is characterised by a fibromuscular intimal cap and a necrotic lipid core with atrophy of the underlying media. Plaque may thicken to occlude the vessel by intraplaque haemorrhage and superimposed occlusive thrombosis due to ulceration, or rupture of the fibrous cap caused by inflammation. It remains unsettled whether atherosclerotic cerebral aneurysms are malformations, with congenital abnormalities of the internal elastic membrane and elastic fibres constituting the media, or whether atheromatous changes are secondary to impaired blood flow. Thinning of the wall could also be caused by flow changes with parietal stress resulting from the turbulence caused by atherosclerotic stenotic lesions or the outcome of dissection of the arterial wall. Fibromuscular dysplasia is a multifocal vascular disease of unknown origin, not atherosclerotic or inflammatory, mainly affecting the brain media with lesions characterized by areas of concentric fibromuscular tissue jutting into the vessel lumen alternating with areas of thinning to almost disappearance of the tunica media and discontinuity of the internal elastic membrane in areas of thinning with the formation of aneurysms. Vessel calibre varies with areas of luminal stenosis alternating with areas of aneurysmal dilatation. The origin of this disease remains unknown and it is thought to be multifactorial possibly associated with saccular aneurysms, fusiform giant aneurysms, dissection of the intracranial arteries, cavernous fistulae and stenosis or occlusion associated with dysplasia. Aneurysms in the brain may share the same underlying mechanisms as aneurysms elsewhere involving atherosclerosis and fibromuscular dyspasia, i.e. remodelling of the extracellular matrix. A recent hypothesis suggested that cerebral aneurysms were caused by an active mechanisms in the arterial wall rather than a passive process linked to genetically determined structural defects or purely haemodynamic events. Apoptosis has also been implicated in the remodelling of the extracelular matrix in the wall of cerebral aneurysms.
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GRUNINGER, MARK F., BRIAN R. LAWN, EDWARD N. FARABAUGH, and JOHN B. WACHTMAN. "Measurement of Residual Stresses in Coatings on Brittle Substrati by Indentation Fracture." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 70, no. 5 (May 1987): 344–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1987.tb05006.x.
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Šimelevičius, Dainius, and Romas Baronas. "Amperometrinių biojutiklių su sinerginių substratų stiprinimu kompiuterinis modeliavimas." Informacijos mokslai 56 (January 1, 2011): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2011.0.3139.
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Šiame straipsnyje yra tiriamas amperometrinis biojutiklis, kuriame biojutiklio atsakas yra stiprinamas chemiškai – sinerginiais substratais. Tokiuose biojutikliuose, be substrato, kurio koncentracija matuojama, naudojamas ir pagalbinis substratas, reikalingas substratų sinergetikai. Biojutiklis yra modeliuojamas naudojant nestacionarias netiesines reakcijos-difuzijos lygtis. Modeliuojami keturi biojutiklio sluoksniai: fermento sluoksnis, kuriame vyksta visos biocheminės reakcijos ir difuzija, dializėsmembrana ir difuzijos sluoksnis, kuriuose vyksta tik difuzija ir reakcijos, kuriose nedalyvauja fermentas, o ketvirtasis sluoksnis yra tirpalo dalis, kurioje palaikoma vienoda medžiagų koncentracija. Lygčių sistema sprendžiama skaitiškai, naudojant baigtinių skirtumų metodą. Tiriama biojutiklio atsako bei jautrio priklausomybė nuo substratų koncentracijų ir nuo difuzijos sluoksnio storio.Modelling Amperometric Biosensors with Synergistic Substrate AmplificationDainius Šimelevičius, Romas Baronas SummaryComputational modelling of a biosensor in which chemical amplification by synergistic substrates takes place was investigated in this study. In the biosensors of this type, in addition to the substrate (analyte), another auxiliary substrate is used. It is necessary to achieve the substrates synergy. The operation of the biosensor is modelled using non-stationary reactiondiffusion equations. The model involves four regions: the enzyme layer where the enzymatic reactions as well as the mass transport by diffusion take place, the dialysis membrane and the diffusion limiting region where the mass transport by diffusion and non-enzymatic reactions take place, and the convective region in which the analyte concentration is maintained constant. The equation system is solved numerically using the finite difference technique. The biosensor response dependency on substrate concentrations and the diffusion layer thickness, as well as the biosensor sensitivity dependence on the same parameters have been studied."line-height: 18px;">
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Moulambi-Nzonza, Samuel Jobercia, François Mankessi, Jean Bruno Bassiloua, and Rosalie Matondo. "Effet du substrat sur la biomasse et la fixation symbiotique de l’azote par les plants de Acacia mangium willd. (Fabaceae) en pépinière." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 5 (September 14, 2020): 1618–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i5.11.
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Acacia mangium Willd est une espèce à croissance rapide, fixatrice d’azote, capable de restituer au sol des éléments minéraux par chute de litière. Elle est actuellement très utilisée dans les programmes de reboisement. L’effet substrat sur la biomasse des plants, à l’âge de plantation, a été estimé dans le but d’optimiser les conditions de production des plants. Un dispositif en blocs complets randomisés comprenant six types de substrats à base de terre noire, charbon et sciure de bois, a été mis en place. Des jeunes plants âgés de trois semaines ont été transplantés dans des plaques alvéolées comprenant différents substrats puis élevés jusqu’à l’âge de plantation. Une dose de 30 g d’engrais NPK dilués dans 10 l d’eau a été apportée quotidiennement aux plants. Les résultats obtenus montrent un effet substrat sur la biomasse et la croissance. Les plants issus des substrats 6 (75% terre+25% charbon) et 4 (50% terre+50% charbon) présentent les meilleures performances de croissance. L’Activité Réductrice d’Acétylène (ARA) réalisée a été influencée par le substrat. La dose de fertilisation apportée n’a pas engendré l’avortement des nodules. Le substrat 5 (50% de terre noire, 25% de charbon et 25% de sciure de bois) offre les conditions optimales de développement des nodules.Mots clés : Substrat, Acacia mangium, biomasse, ARA.
English Title: Effect of substrate on the biomass and the symbiotic fixing of nitrogen by Acacia mangium willd. (Fabaceae) seedlings in the nurseryAcacia mangium Willd is a rapid growth species, fixing of nitrogen and able to restore on the ground biogenic salts through the fall of litter. It’s currently very used in the afforestation programs. The effect of substrate on the seedlings biomass at the plantation age was estimated with the aim of optimizing the seedlings production conditions. A randomized complete blocks of six types of substrate containing black soil, charcoal and sawdust, was set up. Seedlings of three weeks old were transplanted in the alveolate plates with various substrates during the education phase until the age of plantation. 30 g of a mineral fertilizer NPK (20-20-20) diluted in 10 l of water was brought daily to the seedlings. The results showed a substrate effect on the biomass and the plants growth. Seeedlings which growed on the substrate 6 (75% black soil + 25% charcoal) and 4 (50% black soil + 50% charcoal) present the best growth performances. The Acetylene Reduction Assay (ARA) realized was significantly influenced by the types of substrate. Mineral fertilizer brought does not generate the abortion of the nodules. The substrate 5 (black soil 50%, charcoal 25% and sawdust 25%) offered the optimum conditions of nodules development.Keywords: Substrate, Acacia mangium, biomass, ARA.
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Lebedev, Aleksandr, Olegas Černašėjus, and Jelena Škamat. "THE INFLUENCE OF THERMAL SPRAY PROCESS TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS ON THE PROPERTIES OF COATINGS / TERMINIO PURŠKIMO TECHNOLOGINIŲ PARAMETRŲ POVEIKIS DANGŲ SAVYBĖMS." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 8, no. 6 (January 18, 2017): 592–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2016.986.
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The article deals with the plasma sprayed Ni-based coating on aluminum alloy substrates. Before spraying, the surfaces of substrates were modified employing sandblasting and its combination with preheating. The coatings were sprayed under variation of spray process parameters. The study involves coating microstructure, porosity and adhesion tests. The influence of spray parameters and substrate pre-treatment on the properties of coating were evaluated. Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos plazminio purškimo būdu ant aliuminio lydinio substrato užpurkštos Ni pagrindo dangos. Substrato paviršius prieš purškimą buvo apdorotas smėliavimo būdu, taip pat ir pakaitinant substratą iki 150 °C temperatūros. Naudojant skirtingus plazminio purškimo proceso parametrus, buvo užpurkštos nikelio-aliuminio dangos. Darbe ištirta gautų dangų mikrostruktūra, akytumas ir adhezijos stipris. Įvertintas plazminio purškimo parametrų ir substrato paruošimo poveikis gautų dangų savybėms.
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Munasik, Munasik, Suharsono Suharsono, J. Situmorang, and Kamiso H. N. "Kerapatan dan Kelulushidupan pada Rekrutmen Karang Pocillopora damicornis (Density and Survivorship on the Recruitment of the brooding coral Pocillopora damicornis)." ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences 19, no. 3 (September 2, 2014): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.19.3.171-180.
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Studi rekrutmen karang Pocillopora damicornis telah dilakukan dengan mengamati kerapatan juvenil pada substrat penempelan di dataran terumbu Pulau Panjang, Jepara, Jawa Tengah. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa rekrutmen terjadi sepanjang tahun dan tertinggi pada periode Agustus-Oktober. Laju rekrutmen karang di belakang terumbu (back reef) pada sisi bawah angin (selatan) lebih tinggi daripada di sisi atas angin (utara) Pulau Panjang, tampaknya hal ini berkorelasi dengan kerapatan populasi karang dewasanya. Kerapatan juvenil karang tertinggi pada substrat batu alam terjadi pada sisi bawah permukaan substrat, akan tetapi pertumbuhan juvenil karang tertinggi ditemukan di sisi atas permukaan substrat. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa kerapatan juvenil karang berhubungan dengan kelulusan hidup juvenil karang. Semakin tinggi kerapatan juvenil karang P. damicornis maka semakin rendah kelulusan hidup juvenil karang karena terjadinya peningkatan persaingan sesama juvenil karang dan akibat kekurangan cahaya. Kata kunci: rekrutmen, kerapatan, kelulushidupan, karang Pocillopora damicornis Recruitment of the brooding coral Pocillopora damicornis was studied by observing the juvenile density on the settlement plate substrate in reef flat of Panjang Island, Jepara, Central Java. The results show that recruitment occurs throughout the year and the highest in the period from August to October. The rate of recruitment of coral reefs in back reef on the leeward (south) is higher than on the windward (north) of the island, it seems to be correlated with population density of adult corals. The highest density of juvenile corals on natural substrata occurs on the lower side surface of the substrate, but the highest growth of juvenile are found on the upper side surface of the substrate. This indicates that the density of juvenile corals associated with the survival of juvenile corals. The higher density of juvenile corals P. damicornis, the lower the survival of juvenile corals due to an increase in competition among juvenile corals and due to lack of light. Keywords: recruitment, density, survivorship, coral Pocillopora damicornis
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Sankara, Florence, Fernand Sankara, Salimata Pousga, Wendpègda Jeanne Marie Bamogo, Kalifa Coulibaly, Jacques Philippe Nacoulma, Irénée Somda, and Marc Kenis. "Influence des attractifs sur la production des larves de la mouche domestique (Musca domestica L. (1758)) pour l’alimentation avicole dans la zone ouest du Burkina Faso." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 16, no. 3 (August 29, 2022): 1217–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v16i3.25.
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Les asticots constituent une source alternative de protéines animales pour pallier au problème d’alimentation auquel est confrontée l’aviculture. Cette étude, conduite au Burkina Faso avait pour objectifs de déterminer la date appropriée de récolte des asticots, d’identifier les substrats potentiels de production ainsi que les meilleurs attractifs afin d’optimiser les méthodes de production des larves de mouches domestiques pour une production avicole plus efficace et rentable. A cet effet, trois dates de récolte (4ème, 5ème et 6ème jour après exposition des substrats) ont été testées. Aussi, l’effet de cinq substrats aux états bruts et fermentés et de trois attractifs sur la production des asticots a été évalué. Les résultats ont montré que les récoltes d’asticots effectuées le 4ème jour étaient plus élevées (132,4 g/kg). La fiente de volaille constitue le meilleur substrat brut avec 112 g d’asticots frais/kg de substrat. Le sang frais est le meilleur attractif pour le son de maïs (254,3 g/kg) et le lisier de porc (199,8 g/kg). Les déchets de poisson frais constituent le meilleur attractif pour le contenu du rumen (121,5 g/kg). Les substrats peuvent être facilement améliorés à l’aide des attractifs. L’utilisation de tels résultats permet d’optimiser les méthodes de production d’asticots avec les meilleurs substrats et attractifs tout en récoltant à la bonne date.
Maggots are an alternative source of animal protein to solve the feeding problem faced by poultry farming. The objectives of this study, conducted in Burkina Faso, were to determine the appropriate date for maggot harvesting, to identify potential production substrates and the best attractants in order to optimize housefly larvae production methods for more efficient and profitable poultry production. To this end, three harvest dates (4th, 5th and 6th day after exposure of the substrates) were tested. Also, the effect of five substrates in raw and fermented states and three attractants on maggot production was evaluated. The results showed that maggot harvests on day 4 were higher (132.4 g/kg). Poultry droppings were the best raw substrate with 112 g fresh maggots / kg substrate. Fresh blood is the best attractant for corn bran (254.3 g/kg) and pig manure (199.8 g/kg). Fresh fish waste is the best attractant for rumen contents (121.5 g/kg). Substrates can easily be improved with the help of attractants. Using such results, maggot production methods can be optimized with the best substrates and attractants while harvesting at the right time.
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Sermatang, Jessico H., Charlotha I. Tupan, and Laura Siahainenia. "MORFOMETRIK LAMUN Thalassia hemprichii BERDASARKAN TIPE SUBSTRAT DI PERAIRAN PANTAI TANJUNG TIRAM, POKA, TELUK AMBON DALAM." TRITON: Jurnal Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan 17, no. 2 (October 26, 2021): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/tritonvol17issue2page77-89.
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Seagrass as a flowering plant can live from muddy substrates to coral fractures. Differences in the characteristics of substrate type, nutrient content and aquatic environmental conditions can affect morphometric seagrass. The purpose of the study was to analyze environmental conditions and nutrient content as well as the morphometric characteristics of T. hemprichii seagrass based on differences in substrate type. This study was conducted in the waters of Tanjung Tiram Coastal, Poka from February-April 2021. Seagrass sampling was using the purposive sampling method. Data analysis was conducted using ANOVA with SPSS. The results of environmental parameters analysis showed that the water conditions of Tanjung Tiram, Poka are still at the tolerance limit intended for seagrass life. The substrate consists of sand substrate, gravel mixed sand substrate and mud substrate. The results of ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference in the content of sedimentary nutrients, especially phosphates in each substrate type and there was a significant difference in morphometric seagrass based on differences in substrate type and nutrient content.
ABSTRAK
Lamun sebagai tumbuhan berbunga dapat hidup mulai dari substrat berlumpur sampai dengan patahan karang. Perbedaan karakteristik jenis substrat, kandungan nutrien dan kondisi lingkungan perairan dapat mempengaruhi morfometrik lamun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kondisi lingkungan dan kandungan nutrien serta karakteristik morfometrik lamun T. hemprichii berdasarkan perbedaan tipe substrat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Perairan Pantai Tanjung Tiram, Poka pada Bulan Februari-April 2021. Pengambilan sampel lamun menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA dengan SPSS. Hasil analisis parameter lingkungan, menunjukan bahwa kondisi perairan Tanjung Tiram, Poka masih berada pada batas toleransi yang diperuntukan untuk kehidupan lamun. Substrat terdiri dari substrat pasir, pasir campur kerikil dan lumpur. Hasil anova menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kandungan nutrien sedimen khususnya fosfat secara signifikan pada masing masing tipe substrat dan terdapat perbedaan morfometrik lamun secara signifikan berdasarkan perbedaan tipe substrat dan kandungan nutrien.
Kata Kunci: morfometrik, nutrien, substrat, Tanjung Tiram, Thalassia hemprichii
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Manuputty, Gratia Dolores, and Yunita Noya. "DISTRIBUSI SPESIES TERIPANG BERDASARKAN TIPE SUBSTRAT PADA EKOSISTEM PADANG LAMUN DI PERAIRAN NEGERI SULI." TRITON: Jurnal Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan 15, no. 2 (October 30, 2019): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/tritonvol15issue2page76-81.
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This study aims to determine the distribution of sea cucumber based on the characteristics of the substrate in the intertidal waters of Suli. This research was conducted in the waters of Suli in November 2017. Substrate data were analyzed and classified based on Shepards Scale, while the data of sea cucumber were obtained from previous study where samples were analyzed in the laboratory to identify the species based on the shapes of holothurians spicules, microscopically. The data were combined to plot the distribution of sea cucumber based on existing substrate characters. Data were analyzed descriptively. Approximately 14 species identified were scattered on various types of substrate. The substrate were dominated by sandy substrate, varied from medium sand, very coarse sand (dominant), coarse sand, gravel mixed with fine sand, and coral fragments. The result showed that a number of sea cucumbers species were spoted on certain substrates, however, lots of species habitually distributed on each type of substrate. Spesies of Holothuria scabra, H. atra, and Opheodosoma grisea were distributed at majority substrates types.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebaran teripang berdasarkan karakteristik substrat yang ada di perairan intertidal Suli. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perairan Suli pada bulan November 2017. Data substrat yang diperoleh dianalisa dan diklasifikasikan berdasarkan Skala Shepards. Sedangkan data teripang diperoleh dari penelitian sebelumnya, dimana sampel teripang yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisa pada laboratorium untuk mengidentifikasi spesies yang ditemukan, berdasarkan analisa bentuk spikula secara mikroskopis. Data dipadukan untuk digunakan dalam membuat peta distribusi teripang berdasarkan karakter substrat yang ada. Data dianalisa secara deskriptif. Teridentifikasi 14 spesies teripang pada ekosistem padang lamun perairan Suli yang tersebar pada berbagai jenis substrat. Tipe substrat pada lokasi penelitian didominasi oleh susbtrat berpasir, dengan variasi substrat antara lain: pasir bercampur pasir sedang, pasir bercampur pasir kasar, pasir kasar bercampur pasir, kerikil bercampur pasir halus, dan karang/patahan karang. Dari beberapa variasi ini, tipe substrat yang paling mendominasi adalah pasir kasar bercampur pasir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada penyebaran beberapa jenis teripang pada substrat tertentu, namun sebagian besar jenis teripang terdistribusi secara merata pada setiap jenis substrat. Jenis teripang Holothuria scabra, H. atra, dan Opheodosoma grisea ditemukan pada hampir semua tipe substrat.
Kata Kunci: teripang, substrat, distribusi, ekosistem lamun, Suli
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Antou, Kevin J. P., Ari B. Rondonuwu, and Ruddy D. Moningkey. "Survival Rate and Growth of Acropora sp. Transplanted on Artificial Substrate in Kampung Ambong, Likupang Timur." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 7, no. 1 (January 29, 2019): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.7.1.2019.22652.
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60 coral specimens transplanted on three artificial substrates, namely bamboo, iron and concrete showed that the average length of coral fragments on the bamboo substrate for four months ranged from (7.45 - 10.11 cm) the highest increase in the highest coral length occurred in the second month (1.05 cm). On the average iron substrate, the average coral fragment length ranged (9.41 - 11.68 cm), the absolute increase in coral length was highest in the fourth month (0.94 cm). Whereas on the concrete substrate (5.23 - 6.77 cm) on the concrete substrate the absolute increase was highest in the third month (0.73 cm). The results of data analysis showed the rate of increase in coral Acropora sp. ranged (0.50 - 0.78 cm / month, on the bamboo substrate the rate of increase showed a better value of the iron and concrete substrate which was equal to (0.78 cm / month). In this study the survival of corals had a percentage that could be said to be successful. iron survival rate of 90% and on the concrete substrate by 70%.Keywords: Acropora sp, TransplantationABSTRAK60 spesimen karang yang ditransplantasi pada tiga substrat buatan yaitu bambu, besi dan beton menunjukkan bahwa rataan panjang fragmen karang pada substrat bambu selama empat bulan diperoleh berkisar (7,45 - 10,11 cm) pertambahan mutlak panjang karang tertinggi terjadi pada bulan kedua yaitu (1,05 cm). Pada substrat besi rataan panjang fragmen karang rata – rata berkisar (9,41 – 11.68 cm) pertambahan mutlak panjang karang tertinggi pada bulan keempat yaitu (0.94 cm). Sedangkan pada substrat beton (5,23 – 6,77 cm) pada substrat beton pertambahan mutlak tertinggi pada bulan ketiga (0,73 cm). Hasil analisis data menunjukkan laju pertambahan karang Acropora sp. berkisar (0.50 – 0.78 cm/bulan, pada substrat bambu laju pertambahan menunjukkan nilai yang lebih baik dari substrat besi dan beton yaitu sebesar (0.78 cm/bln). Dalam penelitian ini keberhasilan hidup karang mempunyai persentase yang bisa dikatakan berhasil. Pada substrat bambu dan besi tingkat kelangsungan hidup sebesar 90% dan pada substrat beton sebesar 70%.Kata Kunci : Acropora sp, Transplantasi
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Fatmawati, Akbarningrum. "Model kinetika inhibisi substrat pada pertumbuhan Kluyveromyces lactis." Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia 8, no. 2 (October 2, 2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2009.8.2.3.
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Substrat inhibition kinetic model of Kluyveromyces lactis growthFood industry waste such as whey may be utilized as substrates in fermentation processes. Kluyveromyces lactis is yeast that can metabolize the lactose content of whey. In fermentation process design, the kinetics data and growth model of the microorganism are essential. This research was done to identify the growth kinetic model of Kluyveromyces lactis FNCC 3024 in lactose, glucose, and galactose substrates. Substrate concentration was varied as 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, and 150 g/L. Yeast growth profile in glucose and lactose substrates indicated substrate inhibition effect, while the growth profile in galactose substrate did not. Non-competitive substrate inhibition kinetic model was more suitable for glucose and lactose models, with a relatively small sum of squares of errors, namely 9.956 x 10-3 for glucose and 3.777 x 10-3 for lactose. Monod kinetic model for galactose substrate produced the lowest sum of squares of errors, namely 1.358 x 10-3. The maximum specific growth rate obtained from the modeling for glucose, lactose, and galactose substrates were 0.295, 0.265, and 0.147 hour-1.Keywords: kinetics, growth, inhibition, substrate, Kluyveromyces lactis Abstrak Limbah industri makanan seperti whey dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai substrat dalam proses fermentasi. Kluyveromyces lactis adalah salah satu ragi yang dapat memetabolisme kandungan laktosa dari whey. Pada perancangan proses fermentasi sangat diperlukan data kinetika dan model pertumbuhan dari mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui model kinetika pertumbuhan batch Kluyveromyces lactis FNCC 3024 pada substrat laktosa, glukosa dan galaktosa. Konsentrasi substrat divariasi sebesar 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 dan 150 g/L. Profil pertumbuhan ragi pada substrat glukosa dan laktosa menunjukkan adanya inhibisi substrat sedangkan profil pertumbuhan pada substrat galaktosa inhibisi substrat tidak tampak. Model kinetika inhibisi subtrat non-kompetitif lebih tepat digunakan untuk substrat glukosa dan laktosa dengan kuadrat beda yang cukup kecil yaitu 9,956 x 10-3 untuk glukosa dan 3,777 x 10-3 untuk laktosa. Model kinetika Monod untuk substrat galaktosa memberikan jumlah kuadrat residual terkecil yaitu 1,358 x 10-3. Laju pertumbuhan spesifik maksimum yang dihasilkan dan pemodelan untuk substrat glukosa, laktosa dan galaktosa berturut-turut adalah 0,295, 0,265 dan 0,147 jam-1.Kata kunci : kinetika, pertumbuhan, inhibisi, substrat, Kuyveromyces lactis
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Marpaung, Yehezkiel S. P. H., Medy Ompi, Indri Manembu, Kakaskasen A. Roeroe, N. Gustaf F. Mamangkey, and Lucky Lumingas. "KERAGAMAN SUBSTRAT BAGI NUDIBRANCH DI SELAT LEMBEH." JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 7, no. 2 (July 17, 2019): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.7.2.2019.24144.
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Research on the diversity of nudibranch substrates was carried out in Lembeh Strait at 3 locations, at Nudifall, Makawide, and Nudiritrit. The purpose of the researchs 1) to discover the nudibranch species at Nudifall, Makawide, Nudiritrit in the Lembeh Strait. 2) to knowing the substrate occupied by nudibranchs in the Lembeh Strait. 3) to knowing the overlapping substrate that was occupied by the nudibranch. Subtrates can to be used by nudibranches to get food sources, shelter from predators, and as a place to live. Nudibranch species found in the Lembeh Strait were 19 species in this study. Dead Coral with Algae (DCA), sponges, algae, hard coral, and tunicates were the types of substrate where nudibranches live in the Lembeh Strait The most dominant or overlapping substrate between types of nudibranchs was Dead Coral with Algae. Keywords : Nudibranch, Substrate, Lembeh Substrate diversity of nudibranch at Lembeh Strait Penelitian mengenai keragaman substrat nudibranch dilakukan di Selat Lembeh pada 3 lokasi yaitu Nudifall, Makawide, dan Nudiritrit. Tujuannya yaitu 1) mengetahui jen nudibranch di Nudifall, Makawide, Nudiritrit di Selat Lembeh. 2) mengetahui substrat yang ditempati nudibranch di Selat Lembeh. 3) mengetahui substrat yang tumpang tindih (overlap) yang ditempati oleh nudibranch. Subtrat dapat dimanfaatkan oleh nudibranch untuk mendapatkan sumber makanan, tempat berlindung dari predator, dan sebagai tempat tinggal. Jenis nudibranch yang ditemukan di Selat Lembeh ada 19 spesies dalam penelitian ini. Dead Coral with Algae (DCA), spons, alga, hard coral, dan tunikata merupakan substrat-substrat tempat hidup nudibranch di Selat Lembeh. Substrat yang paling dominan atau tumpang tindih antar jenis dari nudibranch adalah DCA. Kata kunci : Nudibranch, Substrat, Lembeh.
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Benmahioul, Benamar, Bouâmama Khelil, Meriem Kaïd-Harche, and Florence Daguin. "Étude de la germination et de l’effet du substrat sur la croissance de jeunes semis de I L. Germination study and substrate effect on the growth of young seedlings of Pistacia vera L." Acta Botanica Malacitana 35 (December 1, 2010): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v35i0.2865.
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Français. Des études sur la germination et la croissance de jeunes semis de Pistacia vera L ont été conduites au laboratoire et en serre. Elles ont consisté en des tests de germination et, au suivi de la croissance des plantules sur différents substrats. Les résultats obtenus ont révélé que les meilleurs taux de germination ont été enregistrés avec le lot des graines sans téguments. De plus, le semis direct dans le sable a amélioré les résultats mais la vitesse de germination se trouve ralentie. D’un autre coté, un effet marqué de la nature du substrat sur la croissance en hauteur et en diamètre des tiges ainsi que la longueur du système racinaire a été constaté. Les meilleurs résultats ont été enregistrés avec le substrat – sable et le mélange sable/tourbe.English. A study was carried out to determine the germination rate, the average time of germination and latent period of Pistacia vera L. seeds and the effect of tegument on germination. Additionally, the effect of different substrates on growth of young seedlings was also study. The results obtained revealed that the best germination rates were recorded with the seeds without teguments. Moreover, the direct sowing of the seeds in sand improved the germination percentage but the speed of germination was slowed down. Substrate nature seemed to have an effect on the seedlings height and stem diameter as well as the length of the main root. Higher values were obtained with sand-substrate and sand/peat.
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Retnoningtyas, Ery Susiany, Aning Ayucitra, Fandy Maramis, Ong Wei Yong, Frengky W. Pribadi, and Nelsi K. Tanti. "Fermentasi substrat padat dan substrat cair untuk produksi asam laktat dari kulit pisang dengan Rhizopus oryzae." Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia 12, no. 1 (October 2, 2018): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2013.12.1.5.
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Solid substrate and liquid substrate fermentation for lactic acid production from banana peel by Rhizopus oryzae.Indonesia is one of the major banana producing countries in the world. There are many varieties of banana grown in Indonesia. While the fruit is valuable for consumption, banana peels mostly are discarded as waste. In fact, banana peels are high in nutrition, thus they are potential to be converted into other valuable products such as lactic acid. The objective of this research was to study the effect of fermentation methods, i.e. solid substrate fermentation and liquid substrate fermentation, in the production of lactic acid from banana peel waste by the fungus Rhizopus oryzae. There were three steps involved in this research: (1) preparation of fermentation medium, (2) banana peel fermentation, and (3) lactic acid purification and recovery by using Amberlite IRA-400 resin. In solid substrate fermentation, dried banana peels were firstly crushed, while in liquid substrate fermentation, fresh banana peels were extracted by water. Following this, banana peel powder and extract banana peel were inoculated with Rhizopus oryzae and incubated at 30oC for 144 h. As results, the yield of lactic acid produced from solid substrate fermentation (0.79 g lactic acid/g starch) was higher than that from liquid substrate fermentation (0.15 g lactic acid/g starch).Keywords: lactic acid, liquid fermentation, solid state fermentation, banana peel, Rhizopus oryzaeAbstrakSebagai negara tropis, Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara penghasil pisang terbesar. Berbagai macam jenis pisang dapat tumbuh di Indonesia. Konsumsi buah pisang yang tinggi diikuti dengan melimpahnya kulit pisang. Kandungan nutrisi dari kulit pisang ini berpotensi untuk dikonversi menjadi produk lain yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis tinggi seperti asam laktat. Asam laktat banyak digunakan di industri pangan, farmasi maupun kosmetik. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh metode fermentasi yaitu fermentasi substrat padat dan fermentasi substrat cair dalam memproduksi asam laktat dari kulit pisang dibantu Rhizopus oryzae. Penelitian ini terbagi dalam 3 tahap yaitu: (1) pembuatan media fermentasi, (2) fermentasi kulit pisang dan (3) pemurnian asam laktat dengan resin amberlite IRA-400. Untuk metode fermentasi substrat padat, kulit pisang kering digrinder hingga menjadi serbuk sedangkan untuk fermentasi substrat cair, kulit pisang yang masih segar diekstrak dengan pelarut air. Selanjutnya serbuk kulit pisang dan ekstrak kulit pisang siap untuk diinokulasi dengan Rhizopus oryzae dan diinkubasi pada suhu 30oC selama 144 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yield asam laktat yang dihasilkan dari fermentasi substrat padat lebih tinggi (0,79 g asam laktat / g pati) dibandingkan yield asam laktat dari fermentasi substrat cair (0,15 g asam laktat /g pati).Kata kunci: asam laktat, fermentasi substrat cair, fermentasi substrat padat, kulit pisang, Rhizopus oryzae
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Jarašūnas, Ovidijus, and Olegas Černašėjus. "INVESTIGATION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF SPRAYED NI-CR AND NI-CR-WC COATINGS / PURKŠTINIŲ NI-CR IR NI-CR-WC DANGŲ SAVYBIŲ TYRIMAS." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 8, no. 6 (January 18, 2017): 615–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2016.989.
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The article deals with the flame sprayed Ni-Cr and Ni-Cr-WC coatings on construction S235 steel substrates. Before spraying, the surfaces of substrates were treated mechanically. Using the different chemical composition of Ni-Cr and Ni-Cr-WC spraying powder and additional substrate heating till 250–290 °C, were sprayed coatings. The microstructure, porosity, hardness, elastic modulus, wear resistance of the Ni-Cr and Ni-Cr-WC coatings were investigated in the work. The influence of the chemical composition and WC content of the coatings on the various physical and tribological properties of the coatings were evaluated. Also the dependence of these coatings characteristics was investigated. Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos liepsninio purškimo būdu ant konstrukcinio S235 plieno substrato užpurkštos Ni-Cr dangos. Substrato paviršiai prieš purškiant buvo apdoroti mechaniniu būdu. Naudojant skirtingos cheminės sudėties Ni-Cr ir Ni-Cr-WC purškimo miltelius ir papildomai pakaitinus substratą iki 250–290 °C temperatūros, buvo užpurkštos dangos. Darbe ištirta gautų Ni-Cr ir Ni-Cr-WC dangų mikrostruktūra, akytumas, kietumas, tamprumo modulis ir atsparumas dilimui. Įvertinta dangų cheminės sudėties ir WC karbidų įtaka įvairioms dangų fizikinėms, tribologinėms savybėms, nustatytos šių dangų charakteristikų priklausomybės.
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Vaitkūnaitė, Gerda, Raimonda Lukauskaitė, and Nikolaj Višniakov. "NIKELIO-ALIUMINIO DANGOS ANT ALIUMINIO-MAGNIO LYDINIO ATSPARUMO DILIMUI IR KOROZIJAI TYRIMAS." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 8, no. 6 (January 18, 2017): 596–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2016.981.
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The article examines the plasma sprayed 80Ni-20Al coatings on aluminum-magnesium (Mg ≈ 2.6‒3.6 %) alloy substrate, which before plasma spraying was cleaned using blasting with Al2O3 particles. The wear resistance and corrosion tests of sprayed coating and aluminum-magnesium alloy were performed. The volume loss, average central part of the cross-sectional area of wear track, wear rapidity, wear rate, wear resistance and corrosion current of coating and Al-Mg substrate were evaluated. The wear resistance and corrosion of nickel-aluminum coating and aluminum-magnesium substrate were compared at the work. Furthermore the wear tracks analysis of sprayed coating and substrate surface was carried out. Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos plazminiu būdu purkštos 80Ni-20Al dangos ant aliuminio-magnio (Mg ≈ 2,6‒3,6 %) lydinio substrato, kuris prieš padengiant buvo nuvalytas srautinant Al2O3 dalelėmis. Buvo atlikti purkštos dangos, aliuminio-magnio lydinio dilimo ir korozijos tyrimai. Nustatyti dangos ir Al-Mg substrato tūrio nuostoliai, vidutinis išdilusio takelio centrinės dalies skerspjūvio plotas, dilimo sparta, dilimo greitis, atsparumas dilimui ir korozijos srovė. Darbe buvo palygintas nikelio-aliuminio dangos ir aliuminio-magnio substrato atsparumas dilimui ir korozijai. Taip pat buvo atlikta užpurkštos dangos ir substrato dilimo takelių paviršiaus analizė.
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Agustiarina, Niken, and Nugrahani Primary Putri. "DEPOSISI LAPISAN TIPIS POLIANIALIN DENGAN METODE ELEKTROKIMIA." Inovasi Fisika Indonesia 9, no. 3 (December 18, 2020): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/ifi.v9n3.p31-42.
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Dalam artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis deposisi lapisan tipis polianilin (PANi) dalam berbagai macam substrat. Misalnya seperti substrat ITO, FTO, Stainless Steel dan QCM. Metode yang dilakukan dalam beberapa penelitian yaitu metode elektrokimia yang terdiri dari metode potensiostatik dan galvanostatik. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dari sintesis PANi, keempat jenis substrat tersebut dapat disintesis lapisan tipis PANi dengan menggunakan Voltametri Siklik (CV). Analisis CV dari lapisan tipis PANi yang diendapkan pada substrat ITO menunjukkan bahwa lapisan tipis tersebut memiliki reversibilitas pewarnaan yang sangat baik dan stabilitas tinggi dalam larutan asam. Pada substrat FTO lapisan tipis tampak relatif halus dengan porositas tinggi karena jaringan kawat nano yang berhubungan. Pada substrat Stainless Steel menunjukkan bahwa terjadi pembentukan radikal anilin pada baja. Sedangkan pada substrat QCM dengan metode potensiostatik menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar potensial yang diukur, maka ketebalan film juga semakin tipis .
Kata Kunci : Sintesis Polianilin, Substrat ITO, FTO, Stainless Steel, QCM, Voltameri Siklik, Elektrokimia, Potensiostatik dan Galvanostatik
Abstract
In this article aims to analyze the deposition of polyaniline thin films (PANi) in various substrates. For example like ITO, FTO, Stainless Steel and QCM substrates.The method used in several studies is electrochemical method which consists of potentiostatic and galvanostatic methods. Based on the analysis of PANi synthesis, the four types of substrates can be synthesized PANi thin layer using Cyclic Voltametry (CV). CV analysis of the PANi thin films deposited on the ITO substrate showed that the films had excellent staining reversibility and high stability in acidic solutions. On the FTO thin layer substrate appears relatively smooth with high porosity due to the network of connected nanowires. The stainless steel substrate shows that aniline radical formation occurs in steel. Meanwhile, the QCM substrate using the potentiostatic method showed that the greater the measured potential, then the film thickness is also getting thinner..
Keywords: Polyaniline Synthesis, ITO Substrate, FTO, Stainless Steel, QCM, Cyclic Voltametry, Electrochemical, Potentiostatic and Galvanostatic.
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Gervásio, Eliezer Santurbano, and José Antônio Frizzone. "CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-HÍDRICA DE UM CONDICIONADOR DE SOLO E SEUS EFEITOS QUANDO MISTURADO A UM SUBSTRATO ORGÂNICO." IRRIGA 9, no. 2 (August 20, 2004): 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2004v9n2p94-105.
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CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-HÍDRICA DE UM CONDICIONADOR DE SOLO E SEUS EFEITOS QUANDO MISTURADO A UM SUBSTRATO ORGÂNICO Eliezer Santurbano Gervásio1; José Antônio Frizzone21Instituto Centro de Ensino Tecnológico, Unidade Descentralizada de Sobral, Sobral, CE, esgervas@ig.com.br2Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP. 1 RESUMO O propósito desse trabalho foi caracterizar as propriedades físico-hídricas de um condicionador de solo e verificar os seus efeitos quando misturado a um substrato orgânico. Foi utilizado o condicionador comercial TerraCottem®, o qual foi submetido a ensaios de absorção em água destilada, absorção em solução salina e reabsorção. Posteriormente, doses do condicionador (0; 2,5; 5; 7,5 e 10kg m-3) foram adicionadas a um substrato orgânico, o qual foi submetido a ensaios laboratoriais para a determinação da curva característica de retenção de água e condutividade hidráulica do substrato saturado. Os excelentes resultados obtidos em laboratório, principalmente em termos de absorção e reabsorção, não são os mesmos quando da utilização do condicionador misturado ao substrato, podendo inviabilizar a sua aplicação principalmente devido o seu elevado custo. Quando o objetivo é a retenção de água, a atividade dos polímeros hidroabsorventes fica reduzida quando adicionados ao substrato orgânico. UNITERMOS: Condicionador, polímeros hidroabsorventes, substrato. GERVÁSIO, E. S.; FRIZZONE, J. A. PHYSICO-HYDRIC CHARACTERIZATION OF A SOIL CONDITIONER AND ITS EFFECTS WHEN MIXED TO AN ORGANIC SUBSTRATE 2 ABSTRACT The purpose of this work was to characterize the physico-hydric properties of a soil conditioner and verify its effects when mixed to an organic substrate. Commercial conditioner TerraCottem® was used, then submitted to absorption tests in distilled water, in saline solution and re-absorption. Afterwards, doses of the conditioner (0; 2.5; 5; 7.5 and 10kg m-3) were added to an organic substrate, which was submitted to laboratory tests to determine the characteristic water retention curve and hydraulic conductivity of the saturated substrate. The excellent results obtained in laboratory, mainly for absorption and re-absorption, are not the same ones when compared to the use of the conditioner mixed to an organic substrate, which might make its application impossible mainly due to its high cost. When the objective is water retention, the activity of hydro absorbent polymers is reduced if they are added to organic substrate. KEYWORDS: Conditioner, hydro absorbent polymers, substrate
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Kavaliauskaitė, Patricija, Raimonda Lukauskaitė, Gerda Vaitkūnaitė, and Jelena Škamat. "RESEARCH OF PLASMA SPRAYING PROCESS ON ALUMINUM-MAGNESIUM ALLOY / ALIUMINIO-MAGNIO LYDINIO PLAZMINIO PURŠKIMO PROCESO TYRIMAS." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 7, no. 6 (April 1, 2016): 619–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2015.917.
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The article examines plasma sprayed 95Ni-5Al coatings on alu-minum-magnesium (Mg ≈ 2,6‒3,6 %) alloy substrate. Alumi-num-magnesium samples prior spraying were prepared with mechanical treatment (blasting with Al2O3). 95Ni-5Al coatings on aluminum-magnesium alloys were sprayed with different parameters of process and coating‘s thickness, porosity, micro-hardness and microstructure were evaluated. Also numerical simulations in electric and magnetic phenomena of plasma spray-ing were carried out. Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos plazminiu būdu užpurkštos 95Ni-5Al dangos ant aliuminio-magnio (Mg ≈ 2,6–3,6 %) lydinio substrato. Aliuminio-magnio substratų paviršiai prieš purškimą buvo apdorojami mechaniniu apdorojimo būdu (srautinimas Al2O3 dalelėmis). Naudojant skirtingus plazminio purškimo proceso parametrus, buvo užpurkštos nikelio-aliuminio dangos ant aliuminio-magnio lydinių. Nustatytas užpurkštų dangų storis, akytumas ir mikrokietis. Buvo atlikta užpurkštos 95Ni-5Al dangos mikrostruktūros analizė. Darbe taip pat atliktas plazminio purškimo elektrinių ir magnetinių reiškinių skaitinis modeliavimas.
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Coulibaly, Noupé Diakaria, Lassina Fondio, Mako François De Paul N’gbesso, Yannick Brindou, Christian Landry Ossey, and André Gabazé Gadji. "Influence des substrats fibre de coco, coque d’arachide et compost de soja sur le comportement de deux variétés de tomates TMA97 et Lindo en culture hydroponique." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, no. 1 (April 21, 2021): 200–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i1.17.
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Pour réduire les difficultés des populations urbaines à l’accès à la terre et aussi pour améliorer la qualité de la production maraîchère en évitant les maladies telluriques, la mise au point d’un substrat adapté pour la culture hydroponique a été entreprise. Deux variétés de tomate, TMA97 et Lindo ont été évaluées sur trois substrats : fibres de coco, compost de soja et coques d’arachide. Les observations et mesures ont porté sur la croissance végétative, le délai de floraison puis les paramètres du rendement. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que la meilleure croissance a été obtenue avec la variété Lindo sur les fibres de coco. Le taux de fruits avarié le plus élevé (37%) a également été produit par Lindo sur ce substrat. Par contre, la variété TMA97 cultivée sur le compost de soja en a donné le plus faible (1,3%). Statistiquement, les rendements potentiels et nets ont été identiques chez les variétés de tomates étudiées. Mais numériquement, les rendements nets ont été plus élevés chez TMA97 que chez Lindo quel que soit le substrat utilisé. Chez la variété Lindo, les rendements nets les plus importants ont été obtenus avec le compost de soja. Les coques d’arachide ont donné les faibles rendements. Concernant la variété TMA97, les valeurs les plus élevées ont été produites sur les fibres de coco ; alors que lesplus petites valeurs ont été observées sur les coques d’arachide.
Mots clés : Tomate, hydroponie, solution nutritive, substrat, rendement.
English Title: Influence of coconut fiber, peanut shell and soybean compost substrates on the behavior of two tomato varieties TMA97 and Lindo in hydroponic cultivationTo reduce the urban population's difficulties in accessing land and also to improve the quality of vegetable production by avoiding telluric diseases, the development of a suitable substrate for hydroponic cultivation has been undertaken. Two varieties of tomato, TMA97 and Lindo were evaluated on three substrates: coconut fibers, soy compost and peanut shells. Observations and measurements focused on vegetative growth, flowering time, and yield parameters. The results obtained showed that the best growth was obtained with the Lindo variety on coconut fibres. The highest rate of damaged fruit (37%) was also produced by Lindo on this substrate. On the other hand, the variety TMA97 grown on soy compost gave the lowest (1.3%). Statistically, potential and net yields were identical in the tomato varieties studied. But numerically, the net yields are higher in TMA97 than in Lindo regardless of the substrate used. In the Lindo variety, the highest net yields were obtained with soy compost. Peanut shells gave low yields. For the TMA97 variety, the highest values were produced on coconut fibers; while the smallest values were observed on peanut shells.
Keywords : Tomato, hydroponics, nutrient solution, substrate, yield.
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Lumingas, Aaron R. T., Farnis B. Boneka, Medy Ompi, Noldy G. F. Mamangkey, Indri S. Manembu, Suzanne L. Undap, and Lawrence J. L. Lumingas. "Polychaeta Communities in Subtidal Zone Soft Substrate of Manado Bay, North Sulawesi." Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX 10, no. 1 (April 15, 2022): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.v10i1.39518.
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This study aims to analyze the structure of the Polychaeta community on the soft substrate of the subtidal zone in Manado Bay. Samples were taken by grab at 3 stations namely ST1 located at a depth of 8 m with black mud substrate; ST2 is located at a depth of 26 m with blackish sand substrate, and ST3 are located at a depth of 18 m with blackish sand as a substrate. From the three sampling stations, 27 species of 253 Polychaeta individuals were identified. Station 1, which is located near the mouth of the Bailang River, has high individual abundance but low species diversity. Station 2, which is located near the Megamas area, has moderate individual abundance but high species richness. Station 3, which is located around the Faculty of Medicine, Unsrat Malalayang, has low individual abundance but high species richness. Substrate types and anthropogenic disturbances such as enrichment of organic matter are thought to be determinants of individual abundance, composition, and species richness of Polychaeta in Manado Bay.Keywords: Polychaeta; biodiversity; soft substrate; Manado BayAbstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur komunitas Polychaeta pada substrat lunak zona subtidal di Teluk Manado. Sampel diambil dengan grab pada 3 stasiun yakni ST1 terletak pada kedalaman 8 m dengan substrat lumpur berwarna hitam; ST2 terletak pada kedalaman 26 m dengan substrat pasir berwarna kehitaman; dan ST3 terletak pada kedalaman 18 m dengan substrat pasir berwarna kehitaman. Dari tiga stasiun sampling tersebut berhasil diidentifikasi 27 spesies dari 253 individu Polychaeta. Stasiun 1 yang terletak dekat muara Sungai Bailang memiliki kelimpahan individu tinggi tetapi keanekaragaman spesies rendah. Stasiun 2 yang terletak dekat kawasan Megamas memiliki kelimpahan individu sedang tetapi kekayaan spesies tinggi. Stasiun 3 yang terletak di sekitar pemukiman belakang Fakultas Kedokteran Unsrat Malalayang memiliki kelimpahan individu rendah tetapi kekayaan spesies tinggi. Jenis substrat dan gangguan antropogenik seperti pengayaan bahan organik diduga merupakan faktor penentu kelimpahan individu, komposisi dan kekayaan spesies Polychaeta di Teluk Manado. Kata Kunci: Polychaeta; keanekaragaman hayati; substrat lunak; Teluk Manado
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Tzoneva, R., N. Faucheux, and T. Groth. "Wettability of substrata controls cell–substrate and cell–cell adhesions." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects 1770, no. 11 (November 2007): 1538–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2007.07.008.
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Felfer, Ulfried, Marian Goriup, Marion F Koegl, Ulrike Wagner, Barbara Larissegger-Schnell, Kurt Faber, and Wolfgang Kroutil. "The Substrate Spectrum of Mandelate Racemase: Minimum Structural Requirements for Substrates and Substrate Model." Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis 347, no. 7-8 (June 2005): 951–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adsc.200505012.
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Blama, Y., R. Ziebe, and A. Zoli Pagnah. "Digestibilité in vitro des ressources utilisées dans l’alimentation des ruminants en zone semi-aride du Cameroun." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 16, no. 3 (August 26, 2022): 934–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v16i3.4.
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L’objectif de cette étude était de déterminer la digestibilité des ressources alimentaires utilisées dans l’alimentation des ruminants en zone semi-aride du Cameroun. Ces ressources alimentaires ont été collectées dans les élevages de bovin puis ramenées au laboratoire. Après séchage à l’étuve, elles ont été broyées, tamisées puis conservées dans des bocaux hermétiquement fermés. Chaque substrat ainsi préparé a été soumis à l’évaluation de la digestibilité in vitro. Après 24 heures d’incubation, les sons de maïs et de sorgho ont produit plus de gaz (p ˂ 0,05) avec respectivement 250,20 ± 10,48 ml/gMS et 245,26 ± 2,83 ml/gMS par rapport aux autres substrats. Le son de maïs présente un taux de digestibilité de la matière organique le plus élevé de 62,57%. Il est suivi des fanes de niébé et d’arachide avec respectivement des taux de digestibilité de 61,38% et 61,16%. La masse microbienne produite après 24 heures d’incubation, donne un classement des substrats autre que la teneur en énergie métabolisable et la production des acides gras volatils. Après le son de sorgho, le son de riz a été le deuxième substrat en termes de masse microbienne produite avec respectivement 312,57 mg et 258,57 mg. Ces données mises à la disposition des éleveurs peuvent faciliter l’utilisation rationnelle des ressources alimentaires, ce qui pourrait améliorer la productivité des ruminants en zone semi-aride du Cameroun.
The objective of this study was to determine the digestibility of the food resources used in the ruminants feeding in the semi-arid zone of Cameroon. The food resources were collected from cattle farms and then taken to the laboratory. After drying in the oven, these resources were crushed, sieved and then stored in tightly closed jars. Each substrate prepared was subjected to the In vitro digestibility evaluation. After 24 hours of incubation, the maize and sorghum bran produced more gas (p ˂ 0.05) with respectively 250.20 ± 10.48 ml / gDM and 245.26 ± 2.83 ml/gDM compared to other substrates. With regard to organic matter, corn bran was the most digestible substrate with 62.57%, followed by cowpea and peanut fades with 61.38% and 61.16% respectively. The classification of substrates obtained from the microbial mass produced after 24 hours of incubation differs from that obtained from the metabolizable energy. After the sorghum bran, rice bran is the second substrate in terms of microbial mass produced with 312.57 mg and 258.57 mg respectively. Access to these data can facilitate the rational use of locally available food resources. This could improve the productivity of ruminants in the semi-arid zone of Cameroon.
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Mota, Poliana Rocha D'Almeida, Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas, and Valdemício Ferreira de Sousa. "CONCENTRAÇÃO DE SAIS DA SOLUÇÃO AVALIADA PELA CONDUTIVIDADE ELÉTRICA NA ZONA RADICULAR DO CRISÂNTEMO SOB IRRIGAÇÃO POR GOTEJAMENTO." IRRIGA 11, no. 4 (December 11, 2006): 532–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2006v11n4p532-542.
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CONCENTRAÇÃO DE SAIS DA SOLUÇÃO AVALIADA PELA CONDUTIVIDADE ELÉTRICA NA ZONA RADICULAR DO CRISÂNTEMO SOB IRRIGAÇÃO POR GOTEJAMENTO Poliana Rocha D’Almeida Mota1; Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas1; Valdemício Ferreira de Sousa21Departamento de Recursos Naturais/Ciência do Solo, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, polimota@fca.unesp.br2Embrapa Meio-Norte, Teresina, PI 1 RESUMO Avaliou-se o efeito de concentrações salinas a partir da condutividade elétrica (CE) no ambiente radicular de plantas de crisântemo (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev.) cultivadas em substrato sob duas metodologias de amostragem em ambiente protegido. O experimento foi desenvolvido em Paranapanema, São Paulo usando o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos referem-se a oito épocas de amostragem da solução no substrato dos vasos: 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 e 56 dias após enraizamento (dae) e cinco níveis de concentração salina da solução aplicada: 1,42; 1,65; 1,89; 2,13 e 2,36 dS m-1 na fase vegetativa e 1,71; 1,97; 2,28; 2,57 e 2,85 dS m-1 durante a fase reprodutiva de emissão de botões florais. O monitoramento da CE da solução do substrato foi realizado por meio das metodologias: extrator de solução e solução diluída em água 1:2. As metodologias pelo extrator de solução e pela solução diluída 1:2 permitem o monitoramento da concentração de sais na solução do substrato ao longo do ciclo da cultura; a elevação da concentração salina da água aplicada no substrato promove o aumento da salinidade do substrato; a metodologia com o uso de extrator de solução apresenta maiores valores de condutividade elétrica do substrato. UNITERMOS: Dendranthema grandiflora, extrator de solução, salinidade MOTA, P. R. D’A.; VILLAS BÔAS, R. L.; SOUSA, V. F. de. SALT CONCENTRATION IN SOLUTION EVALUATED BY THE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY IN CHRYSANTHEMUM ROOT ZONE UNDER TRICKLE IRRIGATION 2 ABSTRACT The effect of salt concentration levels in electrical conductivity (EC) were evaluated in chrysanthemum root, cultivated in substrate using two sampling methods, under greenhouse conditions. The experiment was carried out in Paranapanema, São Paulousing the experimental design in randomized blocks and four replications. The treatments consisted of eight sampling periods of substrate solutions in pots: 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 days after strike root and five salt concentration levels of applied saline solution: 1.42;1.65; 1.89; 2.13and 2.36dS m-1 in the vegetative period and during the reproduction period of flower budding: 1.71; 1.97; 2.28; 2.57 and 2.85 dS m-1. The substrate solution EC monitoring was done using two methods: solution extractors and 1:2 water diluted solution. The use of solution extractors and 1:2 water diluted solution allowed substrate solution EC monitoring along the culture cycle; the amount of salt concentration applied in the substrate caused the substrate salinity increase; the method using solution extractors presented higher EC values in the substrate. KEYWORDS: Dendranthema grandiflora, solution extractor, salinity
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Lowther, R., P. A. Begley, G. Bajor, A. Rivoli, and W. R. Eisenstadt. "Substrate parasitics and dual-resistivity substrates [microwave integrated circuits]." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 44, no. 7 (July 1996): 1170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.508657.
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Su, Qing, Jamil Kawa, Charles Chiang, and Yehia Massoud. "Accurate modeling of substrate resistive coupling for floating substrates." ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems 11, no. 1 (January 2006): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1124713.1124717.
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Berman, J., M. Green, E. Sugg, R. Anderegg, D. S. Millington, D. L. Norwood, J. McGeehan, and J. Wiseman. "Rapid optimization of enzyme substrates using defined substrate mixtures." Journal of Biological Chemistry 267, no. 3 (January 1992): 1434–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)45963-7.
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Pocker, Y., and K. W. Raymond. "Liver alcohol dehydrogenase: Substrate inhibition and competition between substrates." Alcohol 2, no. 1 (January 1985): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0741-8329(85)90004-7.
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Gomes, Inosha D., and Mary Kay H. Pflum. "Optimal Substrate‐Trapping Mutants to Discover Substrates of HDAC1." ChemBioChem 20, no. 11 (April 25, 2019): 1444–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbic.201800797.
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Lukauskaitė, Raimonda, Algirdas Vaclovas Valiulis, Olegas Černašėjus, and Jelena Škamat. "RESEARCH INTO NI-CR-SI-B COATING SPRAYED ONTO ALUMINIUM SUBSTRATE USING THE METHOD OF PLASMA SPRAY / NI-CR-SI-B DANGOS, UŽPURKŠTOS ANT ALIUMINIO SUBSTRATO PLAZMINIO PURŠKIMO BŪDU, TYRIMAS." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 6, no. 4 (February 4, 2013): 546–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2012.89.
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The article deals with Ni base coatings deposited on aluminium substrate applying the method of plasma spray. The purpose of the conducted research is to improve the physical and mechanical properties of coatings on the surface of aluminium alloy work pieces. Spraying on aluminium alloys encounters serious problems, and therefore this work analyses the ways to make the situation more favourable. Before spraying, the surfaces of substrates were modified employing chemical and mechanical pre-treatment methods. The aim of pre-treating aluminium alloys was to remove oxide layers from the aluminium surface. Coating microstructures and porosity were characterised applying optical microscopy. Differences in the roughness of pre-treated surfaces have been determined referring to profilometry. The paper investigates the influence of the adhesion of plasma spray coatings on aluminium surface pretreatment. Microhardness technique was applied for measuring the hardness of coatings. The study also describes and compares the mechanical properties of Ni base coatings deposited on different pre-treated aluminium substrates using plasma spray. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas Ni-Cr-Si-B dangos dengimas ant aliuminio substratų plazminiu purškimo būdu. Tyrimo tikslas – sukurti aliuminio lydinių paviršiuje geresnių fizinių ir mechaninių savybių dangas. Aliuminio lydinių terminį purškimą apsunkina tanki, aukštos lydymosi temperatūros oksido plėvelė substrato paviršiuje. Aliuminio substratų paviršiai prieš purškimą buvo apdorojami cheminiais ir mechaniniais apdorojimo būdais. Pagrindinis aliuminio lydinių apdorojimo tikslas buvo pašalinti oksidų sluoksnį nuo aliuminio paviršiaus ir paveikti substrato paviršiaus šiurkštumą. Aliuminio paviršiaus šiurkštis po apdorojimų buvo tiriamas profilometru. Dangų mikrostruktūra ir porėtumas buvo nagrinėjami optinės mikroskopijos būdu taikant fazių ir morfologijos analizės programą. Buvo nustatyta plazminio purškimo dangų adhezijos reikšmių priklausomybė nuo aliuminio paviršiaus apdorojimo būdų. Eksperimentinių tyrimų metu buvo analizuojama purškimo proceso technologinių parametrų įtaka užpurkštų dangų porėtumui ir kietumui.
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Vinod, P. N., B. C. Chakravarty, Prem Prakash, Ravi Kumar, P. K. Singh, S. N. Singh, and B. K. Das. "Substrate to substrate aluminized bonding of 10cm round silicon substrates for application in solar photovoltaics." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 59, no. 3 (October 1999): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-0248(99)00022-7.
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Aruan, Irfan, Hanny F. Sangian, and Adey Tanauma. "Efek Perubahan Struktur Pati Singkong Yang Dilakukan Pretreatment Dengan Larutan Ion Dan Gelombang Mikro Terhadap Produksi Gula." Jurnal MIPA 7, no. 1 (April 19, 2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jm.7.1.2018.19244.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan perubahan struktur pati singkong terhadap produksi gula sebelum dan sesudah pretreatment gelombang mikro dan larutan ion. Pretreatment gelombang mikro dilakukan dengan meradiasikan gelombang elektromagnetik daya tertentu dengan tiga durasi yang berbedat pada substrat. Pretreatment larutan ion dilakukan dengan merendam substrat dalam larutan ion dengan dua konsentrasi garam selama empat hari dan kemudian dibandingkan dengan non-pretreatment. Substrat dikarakterisasi dengan XRD, FTIR dan SEM untuk menganalisis perubahan strukturnya. Produksi. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa struktur kristal pati menjadi lebih amorf dan ikatan antar molekulnya semakin lemah setelah dilakukan pretreatment. Morfologi permukaan bahan menjadi lebih kasar setelah terpapar radiasi microwave. Disisi lain, jumlah fiber pada substrat semakin berkurang setetelah direndam dalam larutan ion. Ketika substrat dihidrolisis, kandungan gula yang didapatkan lebih tinggi daripada tanpa pretreatment.This research aims to analyze the correlation of the structural change on sugar production of cassava starch before and after microwave and ionic liquid pretreatments. A microwave pretreatment was carried out by radiating electromagnetic wave with fixed power with three different durations on the substrate. The ionic liquid pretreatment was conducted by soaking the substrate in to saline water with two salt concentrations for four days and the results were compared to non-pretreatment. Then, the substrates were measured by XRD, FTIR and SEM to analiyze the structural changes. The characterization result showed that the starch crystal structure became more amorphous and molecules bonds were weaker after pretreatment. The surface morphology was rougher after being radiated by microwave. On the other hand, the fiber contents of substrate decreased after soaked on ionic liquid. When substrate were hidrolized, the sugar obtained were higher than without pretreatment.
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Klein, Zander Henrique de Lima. "Avaliação de materiais com potencial uso como substrato para plantas." Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento 04, no. 02 (March 6, 2019): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32749/nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/agronomia/substrato-para-plantas.
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AHMAD, ABDUL AZIZ, Hamzah Mohd Salleh, and IBRAHIM ALI NOORBATCHA. "ROLE OF SUBSTRATE BINDING ON THE PROTEIN DYNAMICS OF AN ENDOGLUCANASE FROM FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES." IIUM Engineering Journal 19, no. 1 (June 5, 2018): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v19i1.894.
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: Thermostability is an important requirement for protein function, and one goal of protein engineering is improvement of activity of the enzymes at higher temperatures, particularly for industrial applications. Computational approaches to investigate factors influencing thermostability of proteins are becoming researchers’ choice. This study investigates the influence of substrate binding on the protein dynamics by comparing the molecular dynamics simulations of substrate-enzyme complex against un-bound enzyme, using endoglucanase I from Fusarium oxysporum. Endoglucanase-substrate complex was prepared by docking and molecular dynamics simulations were carried out at three different temperatures, 313 K, 333 K and 353 K. Our finding shows that the secondary structures for substrate-enzyme complex show more fluctuations relative to un-complexed structure. The same trend was observed for solvent accessible surface area and radius of gyration. At the highest temperature studied (353 K), the substrate-enzyme complex form showed the highest fluctuations. The fluctuations around the active site regions reach a minimum at the optimum temperature, compared to the other structural regions and other temperatures.
ABSTRAK: Kestabilan (ketahanan) terhadap haba merupakan keperluan yang penting untuk fungsi protin, salah satu matlamat kejuruteraan protin adalah penambahbaikan aktiviti enzim pada suhu yang tinggi khususnya untuk aplikasi industri. Kini para penyelidik memilih kaedah komputasi, bagi mengkaji faktor yang mempengaruhi kestabilan terhadap haba. Kajian ini menyelidik pengaruh ikatan substrat pada protin dengan membandingkan simulasi molekular dinamik diantara substrat-enzim kompleks dan enzim sahaja, menggunakan endoglucanase I dari Fusarium oxysporum. Kompleks endoglucanase-substrat disediakan melalui kaedah docking dan simulasi molekular dinamik dilakukan pada suhu 313 K, 333 K dan 353 K. Kajian kami menunjukkan struktur sekunder bagi substrat-enzim kompleks kurang stabil berbanding enzim sahaja. Pola yang sama bagi luas permukaan boleh dicapai pelarut (SASA) dan jejari gyrasi. Pada suhu tertinggi dikaji (353 K), substrat-enzim kompleks paling tidak stabil. Pada suhu optimum, kadar ubah-ubah sekitar amino asid aktif adalah minimum berbanding struktur dan suhu lain.
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Santoso, Safira Nurlita, and Ratih Ida Adharini. "Biomassa dan Stok Karbon pada Ekosistem Padang Lamun di Pulau Pamegaran, Taman Nasional Kepulauan Seribu." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 25, no. 3 (September 2, 2022): 391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v25i3.14030.
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Seagrass is one of the important ecosystems in coastal areas. This study aims to determine the biomass and carbon stock in the seagrass ecosystems of the Pamegaran Island, Seribu Islands National Park, Jakarta. Data collection was conducted on December 2021 to January 2022 is done by using SeagrassWatch method and carbon data sampling results were analyzed by Kurmies method / SNI 13-4720-1998 method. Cymodocea rotundata has the highest biomass value, while Halodule uninervis has the lowest biomass value. The seagrass biomass value at the bottom of the substrate was higher than the top of the substrate in all the species found was because the rhizome contained carbohydrates and nutrients produced in the photosynthesis process and stored at the bottom of the substrate. The total value of seagrass carbon stock in the entire area is 1,932,151.36 ± 265,280.90 g C or 1.932 ± 2.652 t C with an area of 3.63 ha of seagrass beds. Thalassia hemprichii has the highest carbon stock value, while Halodule uninervis species has the lowest biomass value. The carbon stock value of the bottom of the substrate was higher than that of the top of the substrate in all species found. Lamun adalah salah satu ekosistem penting yang ada di daerah pesisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui biomassa dan stok karbon pada ekosistem padang lamun di Pulau Pamegaran, Taman Nasional Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2021 hingga Januari 2022 menggunakan metode SeagrassWatch dan analisis data karbon menggunakan metode Kurmies / metode SNI 13-4720-1998. Cymodocea rotundata memiliki nilai biomassa yang tertinggi, sedangkan Halodule uninervis memiliki nilai biomassa terendah. Nilai biomassa lamun bagian bawah substrat lebih tinggi dari bagian atas substrat pada semua spesies yang ditemukan hal ini karena rhizome mengandung karbohidrat serta zat hara yang dihasilkan pada proses fotosintesis dan tersimpan pada bagian bawah substrat. Nilai total stok karbon lamun pada keseluruhan luas wilayah sebesar 1.932.151,36 ± 265.280,90 g C atau 1,932 ± 2,652 t C dengan luas wilayah padang lamun sebesar 3,63 Ha. Thalassia hemprichii memiliki nilai stok karbon tertinggi, sedangkan Halodule uninervis memiliki nilai biomassa terendah. Nilai stok karbon bagian bawah substrat lebih tinggi dari bagian atas substrat pada semua spesies yang ditemukan.
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Kostecki, K., M. Oehme, R. Koerner, D. Widmann, M. Gollhofer, S. Bechler, G. Mussler, D. Buca, E. Kasper, and J. Schulze. "Virtual Substrate Technology for Ge1-XSnX Heteroepitaxy on Si Substrates." ECS Transactions 64, no. 6 (August 12, 2014): 811–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/06406.0811ecst.
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SHOJI, Osami. "Hydroxylation of Nonnative Substrates Utilizing Substrate Misrecognition of Cytochrome P450." KAGAKU TO SEIBUTSU 56, no. 9 (August 20, 2018): 621–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/kagakutoseibutsu.56.621.
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Bai, M. D., S. S. Cheng, and Y. C. Chao. "Effects of substrate components on hydrogen fermentation of multiple substrates." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 8 (October 1, 2004): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0517.
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As is well known, carbohydrate is the most appropriate organic material for hydrogen ermentation, and its hydrogen yield is significantly larger than that of protein. The fermentation of protein began with hydrogen production followed by hydrogen consumption, which helps overall hydrogen recovery. Both carbohydrate and protein are basic components of organic material, and yet carbohydrate is known to be a better substrate than protein in terms of hydrogen yield during hydrogen fermentation. This study used multiple substrates containing different ratios of glucose and peptone as multiple substrates to investigate the roles played by carbohydrate and protein in hydrogen fermentation. The experimental results demonstrated that suitable ratios of glucose and peptone improved the growth of hydrogen producing bacteria. Additionally, a maximum hydrogen yield of 6.4 mmole-H2/g-COD was obtained from the multiple ubstrate containing 40% peptone and 60% glucose. Most of the produced hydrogen came from fermentation of glucose, not peptone. During hydrogen fermentation, the pH dropped by 1.0 and 1.9 units in 80% and 20% of peptone content in the substrate. Ammonia produced due to peptone degradation neutralized the acids produced from hydrogen fermentation.
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Thomas, K., GA Chilvers, and RH Norris. "Aquatic hyphomycetes from different substrates: substrate preference and seasonal occurrence." Marine and Freshwater Research 43, no. 2 (1992): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9920491.
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Aquatic hyphomycetes occurring in an Australian upland stream (Lees Creek) were sampled from naturally submerged substrates derived from the riparian vegetation. Substrates sampled were bark and phyllodes of Acacia melanoxylon; bark, leaves and twigs of Eucalyptus viminalis; leaves of Pomaderris aspera; fronds of a fern, Blechnum nudum; and leaves of a sedge, Cyperus sp. A total of 47 species of hyphomycetes was detected overall, with maximum subsets of 34 species being recorded from eucalypt twigs and sedge leaves and the minimum number of 28 species being recorded from eucalypt leaves. The fungi showed significant substrate preferences, although no species was confined to a single substrate. Possible reasons for substrate preferences are advanced. The patterns of occurrence of the various fungal species were sufficiently distinct that most substrates could be predicted with a high degree of success from a knowledge of the fungal flora sampled from them. Patterns of occurrence varied with season, probably influenced by changing substrate availability and water temperature.
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Matthews, D., and J. Wells. "Substrate phage: selection of protease substrates by monovalent phage display." Science 260, no. 5111 (May 21, 1993): 1113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.8493554.
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Seo, Gil-Ju, Se-Eun Kim, Young-Man Lee, Jeong-Won Lee, Jae-Rin Lee, Myong-Joon Hahn, and Seong-Tae Kim. "Determination of substrate specificity and putative substrates of Chk2 kinase." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 304, no. 2 (May 2003): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-291x(03)00589-8.
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Kobe, Boštjan, Thorsten Kampmann, Jade K. Forwood, Pawel Listwan, and Ross I. Brinkworth. "Substrate specificity of protein kinases and computational prediction of substrates." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics 1754, no. 1-2 (December 2005): 200–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2005.07.036.
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Bietti, S., C. Somaschini, N. Koguchi, C. Frigeri, and S. Sanguinetti. "Self-Assembled Local Artificial Substrates of GaAs on Si Substrate." Nanoscale Research Letters 5, no. 12 (August 31, 2010): 1905–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11671-010-9760-5.
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Mishra, Divyanshu, S. U. Guo, and Paul Matsudaira. "ECM-Substrate Interfacial Forces Dictate Cell Coalescence on Viscoelastic Substrates." Biophysical Journal 116, no. 3 (February 2019): 547a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.2940.
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Butenas, S., V. Drungilaite, and K. G. Mann. "Fluorogenic Substrates for Activated Protein C: Substrate Structure-Efficiency Correlation." Analytical Biochemistry 225, no. 2 (March 1995): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/abio.1995.1148.
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Scholle, Michael D., Ushma Kriplani, Amanda Pabon, Kamakshi Sishtla, Marc J. Glucksman, and Brian K. Kay. "Mapping Protease Substrates by Using a Biotinylated Phage Substrate Library." ChemBioChem 7, no. 5 (April 21, 2006): 834–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbic.200500427.
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SANTOS, Carlos Vinicius dos, Wellington Zago RODRIGUES, Camila Fernandes Ferreira APARECIDO, and Jaqueline Bonfim de CARVALHO. "INFLUÊNCIA DE MISTURAS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE MUDAS DO MARACUJAZEIRO AZEDO." REVISTA FUNEC CIENTÍFICA - MULTIDISCIPLINAR - ISSN 2318-5287 9, no. 11 (August 19, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24980/rfcm.v9i11.3705.
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Planta de clima tropical, o maracujá amarelo é produzido para fins industriais quanto para o consumo in natura. O preparo das mudas é uma importante etapa do sistema de produção. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar parâmetros biométricos do desenvolvimento inicial do maracujazeiro amarelo (Passiflora edulis) em diferentes combinações de misturas para o desenvolvimento de mudas. O local de estudo foi a casa de vegetação. As misturas que foram utilizadas compuseram cinco tratamentos sendo eles: T1 (75% de solo e 25% de areia); T2 (50% de solo e 50% do substrato comercial); T3 (25% de solo, 50% substrato comercial e 25% de vermiculita); T4 (50% de solo, 30% do substrato comercial, 10% de areia e 10% de vermiculita) e T5 (50% do substrato comercial, 25% de areia e 25% de vermiculita). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC) com seis repetições. O acompanhamento das mudas foi realizado a partir da germinação e desenvolvimento das plantas, com avaliações semanais de altura, diâmetro do coleto, número de folhas, matéria seca e fresca da planta, bem como comprimento das raízes. Os resultados mostraram que o T5 (50% do substrato comercial, 25% de areia e 25% de vermiculita) proporcionou maior altura média, diâmetro médio e comprimento médio de raiz, indicando que a presença do substrato comercial juntamente com areia e vermiculita proporciona melhor desenvolvimento inicial de plântulas de maracujá azedo.
THE IMPACT OF BLENDS UPON YELLOW PASSIONFRUIT SEEDLING GROWTH
ABSTRACT
A tropical plant, the yellow passionfruit is cultivated either for in natura consumption or industrial purposes. Seeding preparation is a crucial step in the cultivation process. This paper aims to review the biometric parameters in the early growth of the yellow passionfruit (Passiflora edulis) for different blends combinations over the seedling growth. The study was conducted at a greenhouse. The blends used for that purpose were composed of five different treatments, they were: T1: (75% soil and 25% sand); T2 (50% soil and 50% commercial substrate); T3 (25% soil, 50% commercial substrate, and 25% vermiculite); T4 (50% soil, 30% commercial substrate, 10% sand, and 10% vermiculite) and T% (50% commercial substrate, 25% sand, and 25% vermiculite). It was a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) with six repetitions. The seeds were monitored from germination to seedling growth; weekly evaluations were carried out to assess height; collar diameter; the number of leaves, fresh and dry material of the plant along with root length. The results showed that T5 (50% commercial substrate, 25% sand, and 25% vermiculite) resulted in high average height, medium diameter, and medium root length, suggesting that the presence of the commercial substrate in conjunction with sand and vermiculite better produced the initial growth of the yellow passionfruit seedling.
Keywords: Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg. Yellow Passionfruit. Horticulture. Fruit Farming.
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Sofia Murtini, Erni, M. Iqbal Prawira-Atmaja, and Aji Sutrisno. "PENGARUH METODE FERMENTASI SUBSTRAT PADAT DAN SUBSTRAT TERENDAM PADA BIJI SORGUM TERHADAP KUALITAS TEPUNG." Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan 27, no. 1 (June 2016): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2016.27.1.59.
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