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Journal articles on the topic 'Substrats structurés'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 June 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Lohman, Jeremy R., Ming Ma, Jerzy Osipiuk, et al. "Structural and evolutionary relationships of “AT-less” type I polyketide synthase ketosynthases." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 41 (2015): 12693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1515460112.

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Acyltransferase (AT)-less type I polyketide synthases (PKSs) break the type I PKS paradigm. They lack the integrated AT domains within their modules and instead use a discrete AT that acts in trans, whereas a type I PKS module minimally contains AT, acyl carrier protein (ACP), and ketosynthase (KS) domains. Structures of canonical type I PKS KS-AT didomains reveal structured linkers that connect the two domains. AT-less type I PKS KSs have remnants of these linkers, which have been hypothesized to be AT docking domains. Natural products produced by AT-less type I PKSs are very complex because

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2

Середин, П. В., А. С. Леньшин, А. В. Федюкин та ін. "Влияние разориентации подложки на состав, структурные и фотолюминесцентные свойства эпитаксиальных слоев, выращенных на GaAs(100)". Физика и техника полупроводников 52, № 1 (2018): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftp.2018.01.45329.8565.

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AbstractThe influence of the degree of misorientation and treatment of a GaAs substrate on the structural and optical characteristics of homoepitaxial GaAs/GaAs(100) structures grown by metal–organic chemicalvapor deposition is studied. From the data obtained by a series of structural and spectroscopic techniques, it is shown that the degree of deviation of the substrate from the exact orientation towards the [110] direction by an angle of up to 4° brings about stepwise growth of the GaAs film in the initial stage and a further increase in the degree of misorienration towards the [110] directi

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3

Park, Jooyoung, Ann M. Guggisberg, Audrey R. Odom, and Niraj H. Tolia. "Cap-domain closure enables diverse substrate recognition by the C2-type haloacid dehalogenase-like sugar phosphatasePlasmodium falciparumHAD1." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 71, no. 9 (2015): 1824–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1399004715012067.

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Haloacid dehalogenases (HADs) are a large enzyme superfamily of more than 500 000 members with roles in numerous metabolic pathways.Plasmodium falciparumHAD1 (PfHAD1) is a sugar phosphatase that regulates the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway for isoprenoid synthesis in malaria parasites. However, the structural determinants for diverse substrate recognition by HADs are unknown. Here, crystal structures were determined of PfHAD1 in complex with three sugar phosphates selected from a panel of diverse substrates that it utilizes. Cap-open and cap-closed conformations are observed, with ca

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4

Sangian, Hanny F., and Arief Widjaja. "Effect of pretreatment method on structural changes of coconut coir dust." BioResources 12, no. 4 (2017): 8030–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.12.4.8030-8046.

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The pretreatment of a high lignin substrate, coconut coir dust, was studied by chemical techniques (NaOH solution, ionic liquid, and NaOH followed by ionic liquid) and by a physical method (subcritical water, SCW). Following substrate pretreatment and a washing step, structural analyses were performed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It was found that all substrates pretreated by chemical methods had more amorphous structures than the untreated substrate. The XRD patterns of the chemically treated substrates shifted toward h

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5

Nik Nur Syakira, Ruziana Mohamed, Mohd Firdaus Malek, et al. "Structural and Optical Properties of Graphene Oxide:Zinc Oxide on Different Types of Substrates." Journal of Advanced Research in Micro and Nano Engineering 22, no. 1 (2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/armne.22.1.110.

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The structural and optical properties of ZnO-based nanostructure exhibit substrate-dependent variations. A comprehensive understanding of how different substrates influence the crystalline structure, absorbance and surface morphology of the deposited films remains a great challenge. This study was done to investigate the structural and optical properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) that alter with graphene oxide (GO) deposited on various substrates; glass, silicon, indium tin oxide (ITO) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) by solution immersion method. The structural properties were studied using X-r

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6

Hao, Yue, Elizabeth Pierce, Daniel Roe, et al. "Molecular basis for the broad substrate selectivity of a peptide prenyltransferase." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 49 (2016): 14037–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1609869113.

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The cyanobactin prenyltransferases catalyze a series of known or unprecedented reactions on millions of different substrates, with no easily observable recognition motif and exquisite regioselectivity. Here we define the basis of broad substrate tolerance for the otherwise uncharacterized TruF family. We determined the structures of the Tyr-prenylating enzyme PagF, in complex with an isoprenoid donor analog and a panel of linear and macrocyclic peptide substrates. Unexpectedly, the structures reveal a truncated barrel fold, wherein binding of large peptide substrates is necessary to complete a

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7

Калыгина, В. М., В. И. Николаев, А. В. Алмаев та ін. "Влияние ультрафиолетового излучения и электрического поля на проводимость структур на основе alpha- и ε-Ga-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-". Физика и техника полупроводников 54, № 10 (2020): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftp.2020.10.49940.9449.

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The influence of ultraviolet radiation and a strong electric field on the current-voltage characteristic of resistive structures based on polymorphic films of gallium oxide is studied. Both types of Ga2O3 films were obtained by the method of chloride vapor-phase epitaxy on smooth and structured sapphire substrates with orientation (0001). In the same process α-Ga2O3 films were deposited on smooth substrates, and gallium oxide films, with regular structures perpendicular to the substrate, containing alternating regions of the α- and ε-phases were deposited on patterned substrate. It’s was obser

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8

Tandrup, Tobias, Kristian E. H. Frandsen, Katja S. Johansen, Jean-Guy Berrin, and Leila Lo Leggio. "Recent insights into lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs)." Biochemical Society Transactions 46, no. 6 (2018): 1431–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20170549.

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Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are copper enzymes discovered within the last 10 years. By degrading recalcitrant substrates oxidatively, these enzymes are major contributors to the recycling of carbon in nature and are being used in the biorefinery industry. Recently, two new families of LPMOs have been defined and structurally characterized, AA14 and AA15, sharing many of previously found structural features. However, unlike most LPMOs to date, AA14 degrades xylan in the context of complex substrates, while AA15 is particularly interesting because they expand the presence of LPMO

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Kusakizako, Tsukasa, Yoshiki Tanaka, Andrés Maturana, et al. "X-ray crystallographic analysis of a MATE multidrug transporter from V. cholerae." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314092900.

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MATE (Multidrug And Toxic compound Extrusion) family transporters are highly conserved from Bacteria to Eukarya including human, and export a broad range of xenobiotics using either a proton or a sodium ion gradient across the membrane. Especially in bacterial pathogens, MATE transporters contribute to their multiple drug resistance (MDR). To understand how MATE transporters export various substrates such as drugs and thus how pathogens acquire MDR, structural analyses are essential. The crystal structures of several MATE transporters from pathogens have been reported. However, because of the

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Gai, Pratibha L., Rahul Mitra, and Julia R. Weertman. "Structural variations in nanocrystalline nickel films." Pure and Applied Chemistry 74, no. 9 (2002): 1519–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200274091519.

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Nanocrystalline nickel films of technological importance have been grown on various liquid nitrogen-cooled substrates by magnetron sputtering with and without a substrate bias. The atomic structural and chemical studies have unveiled variations in inter- and intragranular structures under the different process conditions. The origin and the development of the crystallization process with and without the substrate bias voltage have been inferred from the results.

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11

Lamovec, Jelena, Vesna Jovic, Radoslav Aleksic, and Vesna Radojevic. "Micromechanical and structural properties of nickel coatings electrodeposited on two different substrates." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 74, no. 7 (2009): 817–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0907817l.

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Fine-structured nickel coatings were electrodeposited from a sulfamate-based electrolyte onto different substrates: polycrystalline cold-rolled copper and single crystal silicon with (111) orientation. The influence of the substrate layers and chosen plating conditions on the mechanical and structural properties of these composite structures were investigated by Vickers microhardness testing for different loads. Above a certain critical penetration depth, the measured hardness value was not the hardness of the electrodeposited film, but the so-called 'composite hardness', because the substrate

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12

Mamounis, Kyle J., Maria Luiza Caldas Nogueira, Daniela Priscila Marchi Salvador, Andres Andreo-Vidal, Antonio Sanchez-Amat, and Victor L. Davidson. "Structural Determinants of the Specific Activities of an L-Amino Acid Oxidase from Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea CPMOR-1 with Broad Substrate Specificity." Molecules 27, no. 15 (2022): 4726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154726.

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The Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea strain CPMOR-1 expresses a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) with broad substrate specificity. Steady-state kinetic analysis of its reactivity towards the 20 proteinogenic amino acids showed some activity to all except proline. The relative specific activity for amino acid substrates was not correlated only with Km or kcat values, since the two parameters often varied independently of each other. Variation in Km was attributed to the differential binding affinity. Variation in kcat was attributed to differential position

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13

Gilissen, Emmanuel. "Aspects of human language: Where motherese?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 27, no. 4 (2004): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x04340112.

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Human language is a peculiar primate communication tool because of its large neocortical substrate, comparable to the structural substrates of cognitive systems. Although monkey calls and human language rely on different structures, neural substrate for human language emotional coding, prosody, and intonation is already part of nonhuman primate vocalization circuitry. Motherese could be an aspect of language at the crossing or at the origin of communicative and cognitive content.

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14

Kovalev, Alexander E., Alexander E. Filippov, and Stanislav N. Gorb. "Insect wet steps: loss of fluid from insect feet adhering to a substrate." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 78 (2013): 20120639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0639.

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Reliable attachment ability of insect adhesive pads is proposed to be due to pad secretion. It has been shown that surface roughness strongly reduces adhesion forces of insect pads. This effect has been explained by decreased contact area and rapid fluid absorption from the pad surface by rough surfaces. However, it remains unclear how the fluid flows on rough substrates having different roughness parameters and surface energy. In this paper, we numerically studied the fluid flow on rough substrates during contact formation. The results demonstrate that an increase in the density of the substr

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15

Aruan, Irfan, Hanny F. Sangian, and Adey Tanauma. "Efek Perubahan Struktur Pati Singkong Yang Dilakukan Pretreatment Dengan Larutan Ion Dan Gelombang Mikro Terhadap Produksi Gula." Jurnal MIPA 7, no. 1 (2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jm.7.1.2018.19244.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan perubahan struktur pati singkong terhadap produksi gula sebelum dan sesudah pretreatment gelombang mikro dan larutan ion. Pretreatment gelombang mikro dilakukan dengan meradiasikan gelombang elektromagnetik daya tertentu dengan tiga durasi yang berbedat pada substrat. Pretreatment larutan ion dilakukan dengan merendam substrat dalam larutan ion dengan dua konsentrasi garam selama empat hari dan kemudian dibandingkan dengan non-pretreatment. Substrat dikarakterisasi dengan XRD, FTIR dan SEM untuk menganalisis perubahan strukturnya. Produksi.

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16

Hopwood, J. J., H. Elliott, V. J. Muller, and G. T. P. Saccone. "Diagnosis of Maroteaux—Lamy syndrome by the use of radiolabelled oligosaccharides as substrates for the determination of arylsulphatase B activity." Biochemical Journal 234, no. 3 (1986): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2340507.

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The kinetic parameters (Km and V) of human arylsulphatase B (4-sulpho-N-acetylgalactosamine sulphatase) activity in cultured skin fibroblasts were determined with a variety of substrates matching structural aspects of the physiological substrates in vivo chondroitin 4-sulphate and dermatan sulphate. More structurally complex substrates, in which several aspects of the aglycone structure of the natural substrate were maintained, were desulphated up to 4400 times faster than the minimum arylsulphatase-B-specific substrate, namely the monosaccharide N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulphate. Aglycone stru

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17

Songyang, Z., K. P. Lu, Y. T. Kwon, et al. "A structural basis for substrate specificities of protein Ser/Thr kinases: primary sequence preference of casein kinases I and II, NIMA, phosphorylase kinase, calmodulin-dependent kinase II, CDK5, and Erk1." Molecular and Cellular Biology 16, no. 11 (1996): 6486–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.16.11.6486.

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We have developed a method to study the primary sequence specificities of protein kinases by using an oriented degenerate peptide library. We report here the substrate specificities of eight protein Ser/Thr kinases. All of the kinases studied selected distinct optimal substrates. The identified substrate specificities of these kinases, together with known crystal structures of protein kinase A, CDK2, Erk2, twitchin, and casein kinase I, provide a structural basis for the substrate recognition of protein Ser/Thr kinases. In particular, the specific selection of amino acids at the +1 and -3 posi

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18

Yio, Marcus H. N., Virginia Stovin, Jörg Werdin, and Gianni Vesuviano. "Experimental analysis of green roof substrate detention characteristics." Water Science and Technology 68, no. 7 (2013): 1477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.381.

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Green roofs may make an important contribution to urban stormwater management. Rainfall-runoff models are required to evaluate green roof responses to specific rainfall inputs. The roof's hydrological response is a function of its configuration, with the substrate – or growing media – providing both retention and detention of rainfall. The objective of the research described here is to quantify the detention effects due to green roof substrates, and to propose a suitable hydrological modelling approach. Laboratory results from experimental detention tests on green roof substrates are presented

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19

Low-Kam, Clotilde, and Jurgen Sygusch. "Promiscuous substrate catalysis in tagatose-bisphosphate aldolase." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314095321.

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Tagatose-1,6-biphosphate (TBP) from Streptococcus pyogenes offers a fascinating opportunity to probe promiscuous substrate turnover in an enzyme. TBP aldolase can cleave, apart from its own substrate TBP, three other bisphosphorylated D-hexoses including fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP). These four sugars are diastereoisomers and differ in stereochemistry at carbon 3 and at carbon 4 with respect to the configuration of their hydroxyl groups. We have determined high resolution structures of the native enzyme in complex with natural substrates, FBP and TBP, and two competitive inhibitors. Since t

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20

SEDANO, FRANCISCO, MARTA FLORIDO, IOANNIS RALLIS, FREE ESPINOSA, and VASILIS GEROVASILEIOU. "Comparing sessile benthos on shallow artificial versus natural hard substrates in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea." Mediterranean Marine Science 20, no. 4 (2019): 688. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.17897.

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Artificial structures cover a considerable part of the Mediterranean coasts. In the Aegean Sea, most studies related to artificial structures have focused in vagile fauna on harbors and marinas but little attention has been given to the sessile biota on coastal defense structures. The aim of this work was to describe for the first time the shallow sublittoral sessile benthos on coastal defense structures in Crete (Eastern Mediterranean Sea) in order to identify potential differences in comparison to natural rocky substrates, adopting both a taxonomic and functional (i.e. macroalgal structural

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21

Liu, Hui-Yu, Ravi Kumar, Madoka Takai, and Michael Hirtz. "Enhanced Stability of Lipid Structures by Dip-Pen Nanolithography on Block-Type MPC Copolymer." Molecules 25, no. 12 (2020): 2768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25122768.

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Biomimetic lipid membranes on solid supports have been used in a plethora of applications, including as biosensors, in research on membrane proteins or as interfaces in cell experiments. For many of these applications, structured lipid membranes, e.g., in the form of arrays with features of different functionality, are highly desired. The stability of these features on a given substrate during storage and in incubation steps is key, while at the same time the substrate ideally should also exhibit antifouling properties. Here, we describe the highly beneficial properties of a 2-methacryloyloxye

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Xiang, Yong, Khanita Karaveg та Kelley W. Moremen. "Substrate recognition and catalysis by GH47 α-mannosidases involved in Asn-linked glycan maturation in the mammalian secretory pathway". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, № 49 (2016): E7890—E7899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1611213113.

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Maturation of Asn-linked oligosaccharides in the eukaryotic secretory pathway requires the trimming of nascent glycan chains to remove all glucose and several mannose residues before extension into complex-type structures on the cell surface and secreted glycoproteins. Multiple glycoside hydrolase family 47 (GH47) α-mannosidases, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) α-mannosidase I (ERManI) and Golgi α-mannosidase IA (GMIA), are responsible for cleavage of terminal α1,2-linked mannose residues to produce uniquely trimmed oligomannose isomers that are necessary for ER glycoprotein quality contr

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23

Yu, Jie, Jingpeng Ge, Johanna Heuveling, Erwin Schneider, and Maojun Yang. "Structural basis for substrate specificity of an amino acid ABC transporter." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 16 (2015): 5243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1415037112.

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ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are ubiquitous integral membrane proteins that translocate a variety of substrates, ranging from ions to macromolecules, either out of or into the cytosol (hence defined as importers or exporters, respectively). It has been demonstrated that ABC exporters and importers function through a common mechanism involving conformational switches between inward-facing and outward-facing states; however, the mechanism underlying their functions, particularly substrate recognition, remains elusive. Here we report the structures of an amino acid ABC importer Art(QN)

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24

Melzer, Björn, Tina Steinbrecher, Robin Seidel, Oliver Kraft, Ruth Schwaiger, and Thomas Speck. "The attachment strategy of English ivy: a complex mechanism acting on several hierarchical levels." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 7, no. 50 (2010): 1383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2010.0140.

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English ivy ( Hedera helix L.) is able to grow on vertical substrates such as trees, rocks and house plaster, thereby attaching so firmly to the surface that when removed by force typically whole pieces of the climbing substrate are torn off. The structural details of the attachment process are not yet entirely understood. We studied the attachment process of English ivy in detail and suggest a four-phase process to describe the attachment strategy: (i) initial physical contact, (ii) form closure of the root with the substrate, (iii) chemical adhesion, and (iv) shape changes of the root hairs

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Tang, Jian-Fu, Chun-Hong Huang, Ching-Yen Lin, Fu-Chi Yang, and Chi-Lung Chang. "Effects of Substrate Rotation Speed on Structure and Adhesion Properties of CrN/CrAlSiN Multilayer Coatings Prepared Using High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering." Coatings 10, no. 8 (2020): 742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10080742.

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We investigated the effects of substrate rotation speed on the structural and mechanical properties of CrN/CrAlSiN multilayer coatings produced using high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) on silicon and high-speed steel (HSS) substrates. Structural analysis and characterization of the multilayer coatings were performed using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), and a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The thickness of the bi-layer film depended on the substrate rotation speed, as follows: 12

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Zhang, Jingran, Tianqi Jia, Xiaoping Li, et al. "Fabrication of nano/microstructures for SERS substrates using an electrochemical method." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 11 (October 16, 2020): 1568–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.11.139.

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Based on an electrochemical method, three-dimensional arrayed nanopore structures are machined onto a Mg surface. The structured Mg surface is coated with a thin gold (Au) film, which is used as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. A rhodamine 6G (R6G) probe molecule is used as the detection agent for the SERS measurement. Different sizes of arrayed micro/nanostructures are fabricated by different treatment time using the electrochemical process. The topographies of these micro/nanostructures and the thickness of the Au film have an influence on the Raman intensity of the Mg s

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27

Ma, Jinming, Hsiang-Ting Lei, Francis E. Reyes, et al. "Structural basis for substrate binding and specificity of a sodium–alanine symporter AgcS." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 6 (2019): 2086–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1806206116.

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The amino acid, polyamine, and organocation (APC) superfamily is the second largest superfamily of membrane proteins forming secondary transporters that move a range of organic molecules across the cell membrane. Each transporter in the APC superfamily is specific for a unique subset of substrates, even if they possess a similar structural fold. The mechanism of substrate selectivity remains, by and large, elusive. Here, we report two crystal structures of an APC member fromMethanococcus maripaludis, the alanine or glycine:cation symporter (AgcS), withl- ord-alanine bound. Structural analysis

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Prabu-Jeyabalan, Moses, Ellen A. Nalivaika, Keith Romano, and Celia A. Schiffer. "Mechanism of Substrate Recognition by Drug-Resistant Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Variants Revealed by a Novel Structural Intermediate." Journal of Virology 80, no. 7 (2006): 3607–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.80.7.3607-3616.2006.

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ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease processes and cleaves the Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins, allowing viral maturation, and therefore is an important target for antiviral therapy. Ligand binding occurs when the flaps open, allowing access to the active site. This flexibility in flap geometry makes trapping and crystallizing structural intermediates in substrate binding challenging. In this study, we report two crystal structures of two HIV-1 protease variants bound with their corresponding nucleocapsid-p1 variant. One of the flaps in each of these structures exhibits a

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Yamaguchi, Asako, Yuri Sogabe, Satomi Fukuoka, Takuo Sakai та Toshiji Tada. "Structures of endo-1,5-α-L-arabinanase mutants fromBacillus thermodenitrificansTS-3 in complex with arabino-oligosaccharides". Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology Communications 74, № 12 (2018): 774–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053230x18015947.

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The thermostable endo-1,5-α-L-arabinanase fromBacillus thermodenitrificansTS-3 (ABN-TS) hydrolyzes the α-1,5-L-arabinofuranoside linkages of arabinan. In this study, the crystal structures of inactive ABN-TS mutants, D27A and D147N, were determined in complex with arabino-oligosaccharides. The crystal structures revealed that ABN-TS has at least six subsites in the deep V-shaped cleft formed across one face of the propeller structure. The structural features indicate that substrate recognition is profoundly influenced by the remote subsites as well as by the subsites surrounding the active cen

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Kim, Hyoun Woo, Jong Woo Lee, Jeong Whan Han, et al. "Growth of In₂O₃ Thin Films on Lithium Aluminum Oxide Using a Triethylindium and Oxygen Mixture." Key Engineering Materials 342-343 (July 2007): 625–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.342-343.625.

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Indium oxide (In2O3) films were successfully grown on LiAlO2 substrates using the triethylindium (TEI) as a precursor in the presence of oxygen in the metalorganic chemical vapor deposition process. We have established the correlation between the substrate temperature and the structural properties. The grain structures were clearly shown on the surface of the films deposited at 350°C. The root mean square (RMS) surface roughness of the In2O3 films increased with increasing the substrate temperature. A photoluminescence measurement at room temperature exhibited a yellow-green emission band cent

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Alhasan, Sarmad Fawzi Hamza, May A. Abduljabbar, Zahraa S. Alshaikhli, Makram A. Fakhri, and Nor Azizah Parmin. "Fabrication of Solar Cell Based on Copper Oxide Nanostructures Deposited Using Reactive Pulsed Laser Deposition." Defect and Diffusion Forum 418 (August 19, 2022): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-a2b0f2.

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The deposition of copper oxide utilizing a pulsed laser deposition technique employing a reactive pulsed laser as a deposition technique is the subject of this study. The wavelength of the pulsed lase used are 1064 nm, the pulse duration is 10 ns, the laser energy of 1000 mj with different substrate temperatures (200, 3300, and 400 oC). The influence of the substrate tampering on the morphological, structural, Photolumencence, and the electrical, and attributes of the fabricated solar cell was recorded and studied using a high purity cupper target and deposited on porous silicon substrates. Wh

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Azzolino, Vincent N., Ala M. Shaqra, Akbar Ali, Nese Kurt Yilmaz, and Celia A. Schiffer. "Elucidating the Substrate Envelope of Enterovirus 68-3C Protease: Structural Basis of Specificity and Potential Resistance." Viruses 16, no. 9 (2024): 1419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v16091419.

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Enterovirus-D68 (EV68) has emerged as a global health concern over the last decade with severe symptomatic infections resulting in long-lasting neurological deficits and death. Unfortunately, there are currently no FDA-approved antiviral drugs for EV68 or any other non-polio enterovirus. One particularly attractive class of potential drugs are small molecules inhibitors, which can target the conserved active site of EV68-3C protease. For other viral proteases, we have demonstrated that the emergence of drug resistance can be minimized by designing inhibitors that leverage the evolutionary cons

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Subedi, Pradeep, Hackwon Do, Jun Hyuck Lee, and Tae-Jin Oh. "Crystal Structure and Biochemical Analysis of a Cytochrome P450 CYP101D5 from Sphingomonas echinoides." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 21 (2022): 13317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113317.

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Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) are heme-containing enzymes that catalyze hydroxylation with a variety of biological molecules. Despite their diverse activity and substrates, the structures of CYPs are limited to a tertiary structure that is similar across all the enzymes. It has been presumed that CYPs overcome substrate selectivity with highly flexible loops and divergent sequences around the substrate entrance region. Here, we report the newly identified CYP101D5 from Sphingomonas echinoides. CYP101D5 catalyzes the hydroxylation of β-ionone and flavonoids, including naringenin and apigenin,

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Stepan, Novosiadlyi, Gryga Volodymyr, Dzundza Bogdan, et al. "FEATURES OF FORMATION OF MICROWAVE GAAS STRUCTURES ON HOMO AND HETERO-TRANSITIONS FOR THE SUB-MICROCONNECTION OF THE LSIC STRUCTURES." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 5 (97) (2019): 13–19. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2019.157212.

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The features of the formation of microwave GaAs structures are considered and a set of studies is carried out to create a serial technology of large-scale integrated circuit structures (LSIC), including the number of microwaves on GaAs epitaxial layers deposited on monosilicon substrates. The conditions for the formation of a two-dimensional electron gas in hetero-structures with the determination of electron mobility depending on the orientation of the surface were investigated. For hetero-structures on the surface of a semi-insulated GaAs substrate rotated from the plane (100) at an angle of

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Bae, Seongjun, Michael Dadole Ubagan, Sook Shin, and Dong Gun Kim. "Comparison of Recruitment Patterns of Sessile Marine Invertebrates According to Substrate Characteristics." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 3 (2022): 1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031083.

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A community of benthic invertebrates, including sessile adult-stage invertebrates, can negatively effect corrosion, deformation, and increased fuel consumption by attaching to artificial structures, a phenomenon known as marine biofouling. Investigating the relationship between benthic communities and artificial structures or substrates (to which the organisms attach) can help clarify the factors influencing marine biofouling. Therefore, in our study, natural (stone) and artificial (rubber, tarpaulin, and iron) substrates were installed in three harbors (Mokpo, Tongyeong, and Busan), and the s

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Sun, Nan Hai. "Efficiency Inorganic Thin Film Solar Cells with Flexible Substrate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 217-219 (November 2012): 686–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.217-219.686.

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The development of CdTe/CdS solar cells on flexible substrates is reviewed in this article. Photovoltaic structures on lightweight and flexible substrates have several advantages over the heavy glass based structures in both terrestrial and space applications. The cells mounted on flexible foil are not fragile, the requirements of the supporting structures are minimum and they can be wrapped onto any suitably oriented or curved structures. The specific power of the solar cells is an important factor in space applications and hence development of photovoltaic devices on light weight substrates

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Ye, Jian Min. "Efficiency Organic/Inorganic Composite Thin Film Solar Cells." Advanced Materials Research 805-806 (September 2013): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.3.

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The development of CdTe/CdS solar cells on flexible substrates is reviewed in this article. Photovoltaic structures on lightweight and flexible substrates have several advantages over the heavy glass based structures in both terrestrial and space applications. The cells mounted on flexible foil are not fragile, the requirements of the supporting structures are minimum and they can be wrapped onto any suitably oriented or curved structures. The specific power of the solar cells is an important factor in space applications and hence development of photovoltaic devices on light weight substrates

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Wu, Qian Qiong, and Xiao Ying Chang. "High Performance Flexible Solar Cells with CdTe Thin Film." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 1754–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.1754.

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The development of CdTe/CdS solar cells on flexible substrates is reviewed in this article. Photovoltaic structures on lightweight and flexible substrates have several advantages over the heavy glass based structures in both terrestrial and space applications. The cells mounted on flexible foil are not fragile, the requirements of the supporting structures are minimum and they can be wrapped onto any suitably oriented or curved structures. The specific power of the solar cells is an important factor in space applications and hence development of photovoltaic devices on light weight substrates

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Chen, Xiaobo, Jiayue Chen, Bing Yan, et al. "Structural basis for the broad substrate specificity of two acyl-CoA dehydrogenases FadE5 from mycobacteria." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 28 (2020): 16324–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002835117.

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FadE, an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, introduces unsaturation to carbon chains in lipid metabolism pathways. Here, we report that FadE5 fromMycobacterium tuberculosis(MtbFadE5) andMycobacterium smegmatis(MsFadE5) play roles in drug resistance and exhibit broad specificity for linear acyl-CoA substrates but have a preference for those with long carbon chains. Here, the structures ofMsFadE5 andMtbFadE5, in the presence and absence of substrates, have been determined. These reveal the molecular basis for the broad substrate specificity of these enzymes. FadE5 interacts with the CoA region of the subst

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Pham, Van Dung, Tuan Anh To, Cynthia Gagné-Thivierge, et al. "Structural insights into the putative bacterial acetylcholinesterase ChoE and its substrate inhibition mechanism." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 26 (2020): 8708–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra119.011809.

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Mammalian acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is well-studied, being important in both cholinergic brain synapses and the peripheral nervous systems and also a key drug target for many diseases. In contrast, little is known about the structures and molecular mechanism of prokaryotic acetylcholinesterases. We report here the structural and biochemical characterization of ChoE, a putative bacterial acetylcholinesterase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Analysis of WT and mutant strains indicated that ChoE is indispensable for P. aeruginosa growth with acetylcholine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. The

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Mansurova, Svetlana, Ismael Cosme, Andrey Kosarev, Antonio J. Olivares, Carlos Ospina, and Hiram E. Martinez. "AZO/PEDOT:PSS Polymer Frontal Interface Deposited on Flexible Substrates for a-Si:H Photovoltaic Applications." Polymers 10, no. 10 (2018): 1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10101068.

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Thin-film hybrid organic-inorganic photovoltaic structures based on hydrogenated silicon (Si:H), poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) polymer Al-doped ZnO (AZO) films deposited on different types of flexible substrates have been fabricated and investigated. The compatibility of the polymer and inorganic materials regimes and deposition techniques used for device fabrication has been demonstrated on flexible substrates. Morphological characteristics of transparent Al-doped ZnO (AZO) films deposited on substrates have been measured by atomic force microscopy. Elec

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Hu, Hao, and Bayanheshig. "Exploration of a Flexible Metasurface for Strain Sensors: A Perspective from 2D Grating Fabrication to Spectral Characterization." Applied Sciences 12, no. 19 (2022): 10007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app121910007.

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The flexible plasmonic metasurface is a novel optical device consisting of a large number of subwavelength-sized noble metal (gold, silver, etc.) structures arranged in a specific pattern on a flexible substrate. The usual method for a fabricating flexible metasurface is to build nanostructures on rigid substrates and then transfer them to flexible substrates. However, problems such as structural distortion and structural loss can occur during fabrication. To address these issues, this work improved the process to fabricate and characterize a flexible plasma 2D grating–a type of metasurface co

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Terabe, K., A. Gruverman, Y. Matsui, N. Iyi, and K. Kitamura. "Transmission electron microscopy observation and optical property of sol-gel derived LiNbO3 films." Journal of Materials Research 11, no. 12 (1996): 3152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1996.0400.

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Crystallization behavior, defects, and interface structures of sol-gel derived LiNbO3 films on three kinds of substrates were examined. The nucleation was found to occur epitaxially at the interface between the film and the substrate. The continuous film is formed by coalescence of the island-like crystallites. When sapphire substrate is used, which has large lattice mismatch with the LiNbO3, the resulting film contains a large amount of micropores, twin structures, and misfit dislocations. On the other hand, while LiTaO3 and 5% MgO-doped LiNbO3 substrates with smaller mismatch are used as sub

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Emelyanov, A. A., M. Yu Plotnikov, N. I. Timoshenko, and I. B. Yudin. "Effective cooling of substrates with low thermal conductivity under conditions of gas-jet MPCVD diamond synthesis." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2119, no. 1 (2021): 012119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2119/1/012119.

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Abstract The paper presents the results of an experimental study of heating molybdenum and silicon substrates under the conditions of gas-jet deposition of diamond structures using the precursor gases of a microwave discharge to activate. A cooled substrate holder using a metal melt to improve heat removal by reducing the thermal resistance between the substrate and the substrate holder has been developed. The use of the melt allowed lowering the temperature of the silicon substrate under the conditions of gas-jet deposition to a level that ensures the preservation of its structure. The develo

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Wang, Xi Shu, Xi Qiao Feng, and Xing Wu Guo. "Failure Behavior of Anodized Coating-Magnesium Alloy Substrate Structures." Key Engineering Materials 261-263 (April 2004): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.261-263.363.

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This work focuses on the damage mechanisms and the resulting failure behavior of structures made of anodized coatings on magnesium alloy substrates. The failure of anodized coatings of about 30µm thickness on AZ91D substrates was investigated under three-points bending loading with online scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations. The obtained SEM images show that void nucleation and crack initiation occurs mainly at sites near the coating-substrate interface, and the evolutionary microcracking damage diffuses from the interface to the coating surface and also to the bulk substrate with

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Avramenko, K. A., Nina N. Roshchina, G. P. Olkhovik, Petro S. Smertenko, and Lyudmyla V. Zavyalova. "Structural and Electro-Physical Properties of ZnO Films, Obtained by a MOCVD Method on Glass and Silicon Substrates." Solid State Phenomena 230 (June 2015): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.230.205.

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This paper reports on the ZnO film structures obtained by MOCVD method from acetylacetonate of zinc and diethyldithiocarbamate of zinc on silicon substrates at 280-320 оС substrate. The structural, emitting and transport properties of the ZnO films were examined by X-ray diffraction, Scanning electronic microscopy, Photoluminescent microscopy and Current-Voltage methods. The electrical transport mechanisms were analyzed on the base of differential and injection approaches. The ZnO/Si structure with ZnO film obtained was found to be appropriate for use in electronic devices due to their structu

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Zhang, Jingran, Yongda Yan, Peng Miao, and Jianxiong Cai. "Fabrication of gold-coated PDMS surfaces with arrayed triangular micro/nanopyramids for use as SERS substrates." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 8 (November 1, 2017): 2271–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.8.227.

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Using the tip-based continuous indentation process, arrays of three-dimensional pyramidal cavities have been successfully machined on a copper template and the structures were successfully transferred to a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface using a reverse nanoimprinting approach. The structured PDMS surface is coated with a thin Au film, and the final substrate is demonstrated as a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate. Rhodamine 6G (R6G) was used as a probe molecule in the present study to confirm the SERS measurements. Arrays of micro/nanostructures of different dimensions w

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Chang, Yu-Chung, Bo-Han Huang, and Tsung-Hsien Lin. "Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering and Fluorescence on Gold Nanogratings." Nanomaterials 10, no. 4 (2020): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10040776.

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy is a sensitive sensing technique. It is desirable to have an easy method to produce SERS-active substrate with reproducible and robust signals. We propose a simple method to fabricate SERS-active substrates with high structural homogeneity and signal reproducibility using electron beam (E-beam) lithography without the problematic photoresist (PR) lift-off process. The substrate was fabricated by using E-beam to define nanograting patterns on the photoresist and subsequently coat a layer of gold thin film on top of it. Efficient and stable S

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Saridakis, Vivian. "Structural-Functional Analysis of USP7." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314096909.

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Ubiquitin Specific Protease 7 (USP7) catalyzes the deubiquitination of several substrate proteins including p53, Mdm2 and UbE2E1. Deubiquitination results in their rescue from 26S proteasome mediated degradation thus USP7 is critical in maintaining the cellular steady state levels of its substrates. USP7 is also known to interact with several viral proteins including herpes simplex virus Infected Cell Protein 0 (ICP0), Epstein Barr Nuclear Antigen 1 (EBNA1) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated viral interferon regulatory factor 4 (vIRF4). USP7 possesses several domains including an N-terminal TRAF,

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Zhang, Xiaoning, Masudur Rahman, David Neff, and Michael Louis Norton. "DNA origami deposition on native and passivated molybdenum disulfide substrates." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 5 (April 22, 2014): 501–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.5.58.

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Maintaining the structural fidelity of DNA origami structures on substrates is a prerequisite for the successful fabrication of hybrid DNA origami/semiconductor-based biomedical sensor devices. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is an ideal substrate for such future sensors due to its exceptional electrical, mechanical and structural properties. In this work, we performed the first investigations into the interaction of DNA origami with the MoS2 surface. In contrast to the structure-preserving interaction of DNA origami with mica, another atomically flat surface, it was observed that DNA origami stru

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