Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Subtype / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Subtype.

Journal articles on the topic 'Subtype'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Subtype.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

You, Zhen, and L. Frank Huang. "EPCO-33. MULTI-OMICS ANALYSIS REVEALS SUBTYPE-SPECIFIC ENHANCER-TARGET NETWORKS AND TUMOR CELL OF ORIGIN IN GROUPS 3 AND 4 MEDULLOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.312.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Medulloblastoma (MB), one of the most common malignant childhood brain cancer, consists of heterogeneous subgroup of cerebellar tumors. Four molecular subgroups are classified, of which Groups3 and 4 are poorly characterized. Additionally, MB subtype tumorigenesis and cellular composition remain elusive. Here, we combined multi-omics data, including bulk ChIP-Seq, RNA-Seq data, and scRNA-Seq from medulloblastoma patients with primary tumors, and integrated with whole-genome sequencing data, to address the tumors development and cellular heterogeneity in MB subgroups. First, we identif

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Kessler, Harald H., Doris Deuretzbacher, Evelyn Stelzl, Elisabeth Daghofer, Brigitte I. Santner, and Egon Marth. "Determination of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes by a Rapid Method Useful for the Routine Diagnostic Laboratory." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 8, no. 5 (2001): 1018–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.8.5.1018-1020.2001.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT The existence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes has many important implications for the global evolution of HIV and for the evaluation of pathogenicity, transmissibility, and candidate HIV vaccines. The aim of this study was to establish a rapid method for determination of HIV-1 subtypes useful for a routine diagnostic laboratory and to investigate the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in Austrian patients. Samples were tested by a subtyping method based on a 1.3-kb sequence of the polymerase gene generated by a commercially available drug resistance assay. The gene

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Ashton, F. E., L. Mancino, A. J. Ryan, J. T. Poolman, H. Abdillahi, and W. D. Zollinger. "Serotypes and subtypes of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B strains associated with meningococcal disease in Canada, 1977–1989." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 37, no. 8 (1991): 613–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m91-104.

Full text

Abstract:

Typing of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B disease isolates was carried out using a panel of serotype- and subtype-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Three hundred and sixty-two strains isolated from 1977 to 1986 were typed using five serotyping and seven subtyping reagents and outer membrane vesicles as antigens. Serotype 2b accounted for 30% of the disease isolates. The most common subtype was P1.2, which occurred on 18.5% of all strains or 48.6% of the serotype 2b strains. Of the 362 strains typed, 135 (37.3%) were serotyped and 122 (33.7%

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Li, Jiayu, Fuxian Yang, Ruobing Liang, et al. "Subtype Characterization and Zoonotic Potential of Cryptosporidium felis in Cats in Guangdong and Shanghai, China." Pathogens 10, no. 2 (2021): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10020089.

Full text

Abstract:

Cryptosporidiumfelis is an important cause of feline and human cryptosporidiosis. However, the transmission of this pathogen between humans and cats remains controversial, partially due to a lack of genetic characterization of isolates from cats. The present study was conducted to examine the genetic diversity of C. felis in cats in China and to assess their potential zoonotic transmission. A newly developed subtyping tool based on a sequence analysis of the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene was employed to identify the subtypes of 30 cat-derived C. felis isolates from Guangdong and Shanghai. Al

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Triques, K., J. Coste, J. L. Perret, et al. "Efficiencies of Four Versions of the AMPLICOR HIV-1 MONITOR Test for Quantification of Different Subtypes of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 1 (1999): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.1.110-116.1999.

Full text

Abstract:

Three versions of a commercial human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) load test (the AMPLICOR HIV-1 MONITOR Test versions 1.0, 1.0+, and 1.5; Roche Diagnostics, Branchburg, N.J.) were evaluated for their ability to detect and quantify HIV-1 RNA of different genetic subtypes. Plasma samples from 96 patients infected with various subtypes of HIV-1 (55 patients infected with subtype A, 9 with subtype B, 21 with subtype C, 2 with subtype D, 7 with subtype E, and 2 with subtype G) and cultured virus from 29 HIV-1 reference strains (3 of subtype A, 6 of subtype B, 5 of subtype C, 3 of sub

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Gulhan, Baris, Merve Aydin, Mehtap Demirkazik, et al. "Subtype distribution and molecular characterization of Blastocystis from hemodialysis patients in Turkey." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 14, no. 12 (2020): 1448–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.12650.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the Blastocystis prevalence and subtypes in hemodialysis patients in Turkey. Methodology: Eighty-four patients diagnosed with end-stage renal failure who were undergoing hemodialysis and 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Blastocystis presence was investigated by native-Lugol, trichrome staining, PCR using STS primers, and DNA sequencing analysis. Results: Among the stool samples from the hemodialysis patients, 9.52% (8/84) were found to be Blastocystis-positive with the native-Lugol and trichrome staining. Seven of the eight B

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Jakupi, Xhevat, Jana Mlakar, Maja Lunar, et al. "Phylogenetic analysis confirms hepatitis C virus transmission among hemodialysis patients in Kosovo." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 13, no. 12 (2019): 1142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.12099.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction: It has recently been demonstrated that there is a very high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among hemodialysis patients in Kosovo with HCV subtype 1 being the most prevalent subtype. In this study, we further detail the molecular epidemiology of HCV outbreaks occurring in seven dialysis centers in Kosovo. Methodology: In total, 273 samples obtained from HCV RNA positive patients undergoing hemodialysis at one of the seven centers in Kosovo were selected for this study: 171 subtype 1a samples, 91 subtype 4d samples, and 11 subtype 1b samples. A partial HCV NS

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Mynarek, Martin, Denise Obrecht, Martin Sill, et al. "MBCL-06. RISK STRATIFICATION IMPROVEMENT OF THE HIT2000 AND I-HIT-MED COHORTS USING MOLECULAR SUBTYPES I-VIII OF GROUP 3/4 MEDULLOBLASTOMAS." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_3 (2020): iii388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.482.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract OBJECTIVE Molecular subtypes of Group 3/4 medulloblastoma have been identified by unsupervised clustering methods in different studies. We hypothesized that risk stratification using these subtypes I-VIII improves outcome prediction. PATIENTS AND METHODS n=340 patients with Group 3 or Group 4 medulloblastoma defined by DNA methylation array profiling enrolled into the HIT2000 study and HIT-MED registries were subtyped by the Heidelberg Medulloblastoma Classifier. The discovery cohort consisted of n=162 previously published samples, the validation cohort of n=178 newly analyzed samples

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Lin, Htin, H. M. Thu, K. T. Wai, et al. "Influenza Viruses in Children Attending Yangon Children Hospital, Myanmar during Influenza Season in 2013." Outbreak, Surveillance, Investigation & Response (OSIR) Journal 7, no. 2 (2014): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.59096/osir.v7i2.263290.

Full text

Abstract:

Globally, circulating subtypes of human and avian H5 influenza viruses occasionally cause epidemics. To determine the burden of influenza virus among children with influenza-like illness (ILI) who visited a hospital in Yangon, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Yangon Children Hospital from June to August 2013. Nasal swabs were taken from 100 children with ILI and viral RNA was tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Samples positive of influenza A virus were subtyped by multiplex RT-PCR. Of 100 ILI cases, six cases (6%) revealed matrix gene of influenza A vir

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Kumar, Sandeep, Shalmoli Bhattacharyya, Ashim Das, Gurpreet Singh, and Amanjit Bal. "In vitro effect of PIK3CA/mTOR inhibition in triple-negative breast cancer subtype cell lines." Breast Disease 41, no. 1 (2022): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/bd-210066.

Full text

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Agents targeting the PI3K pathway in triple negative breast cancer did not show any significant efficacy so far mostly because of the complex nature of these targeted inhibitors. Targeting the cancer cells with the combination of inhibitors may help in decelerating the regulatory pathways further achieving optimum clinical benefit. In this study, we investigated the effect of PIK3CA and mTOR inhibition in-vitro in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: Three TNBC cell lines; MDA MB231, MDA MB468, and MDA MB453 were subtyped using immunohistochemistr

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Neilson, Joel R., Grace C. John, Jean K. Carr, et al. "Subtypes of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Disease Stage among Women in Nairobi, Kenya." Journal of Virology 73, no. 5 (1999): 4393–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.5.4393-4403.1999.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT In sub-Saharan Africa, where the effects of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) have been most devastating, there are multiple subtypes of this virus. The distribution of different subtypes within African populations is generally not linked to particular risk behaviors. Thus, Africa is an ideal setting in which to examine the diversity and mixing of viruses from different subtypes on a population basis. In this setting, it is also possible to address whether infection with a particular subtype is associated with differences in disease stage. To address these questions, we anal

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Berry, Joe Scott, Jessica Tarn, John Casement, et al. "Stability of symptom-based subtypes in Sjogren’s disease." RMD Open 10, no. 4 (2024): e004914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2024-004914.

Full text

Abstract:

ObjectivesThe Newcastle Sjogren’s Stratification Tool (NSST) stratifies Sjogren’s disease patients into four subtypes. Understanding the stability of the subtypes is vital if symptom-based stratification is to be more broadly adopted. In this study, we stratify patients longitudinally to understand how symptom-based subtypes vary over time and factors influencing subtype change.Methods274 patients from the United Kingdom Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome Registry (UKPSSR) with data permitting NSST subtype assignment from two study visits were included. The French Assessment of Systemic Signs and Evol

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Alexander, Christopher S., Valentina Montessori, Brian Wynhoven, et al. "Prevalence and Response to Antiretroviral Therapy of Non-B Subtypes of HIV in Antiretroviral-Naive Individuals in British Columbia." Antiviral Therapy 7, no. 1 (2002): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135965350200700104.

Full text

Abstract:

In North America, the B subtype of the major group (M) of HIV-1 predominates. Phylogenetic analysis of HIV reverse transcriptase and protease sequences isolated from 479 therapy-naive patients, first seeking treatment in British Columbia between June 1997 and August 1998, revealed a prevalence of 4.4% non-B virus. A range of different subtypes was identified, including one subtype A, 11 C, two D, five CRF01_AE, and one sample that could not be reliably subtyped. Baseline CD4 counts were significantly lower in individuals harbouring the non-B subtypes ( P=0.02), but baseline viral loads were si

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Nao, Naganori, Miwako Saikusa, Ko Sato, et al. "Recent Molecular Evolution of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): Subdivision of HMPV A2b Strains." Microorganisms 8, no. 9 (2020): 1280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091280.

Full text

Abstract:

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a major etiological agent of acute respiratory infections in humans. HMPV has been circulating worldwide for more than six decades and is currently divided into five agreed-upon subtypes: A1, A2a, A2b, B1, and B2. Recently, the novel HMPV subtypes A2c, A2b1, and A2b2 have been proposed. However, the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships between these recently proposed HMPV subtypes are unclear. Here, we report a genome-wide phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of 161 HMPV strains, including unique HMPV subtype A2b strains with a 180- or 111-nucleotide du

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Nunes, Cynara Carvalho, Maria Cristina Cotta Matte, Claudia Fontoura Dias, et al. "THE INFLUENCE OF HIV-1 SUBTYPES C, CRF31_BC AND B ON DISEASE PROGRESSION AND INITIAL VIROLOGIC RESPONSE TO HAART IN A SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN COHORT." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 56, no. 3 (2014): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652014000300005.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Although most HIV-1 infections in Brazil are due to subtype B, Southern Brazil has a high prevalence of subtype C and recombinant forms, such as CRF31_BC. This study assessed the impact of viral diversity on clinical progression in a cohort of newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients. Methods: From July/2004 to December/2005, 135 HIV-infected patients were recruited. The partial pol region was subtyped by phylogeny. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to examine the relationship between viral subtype, CD4+ T cell count and viral load levels before antiretroviral the

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Kim, Hee Jeong, Beom Seok Ko, Jong Han Yu, et al. "Stage, biology, and age." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (2013): e11512-e11512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e11512.

Full text

Abstract:

e11512 Background: Breast cancer subtypes are prognostic and predictive for patients. In this study, prognostic value of TNM stage, intrinsic subtype, and age were compared. Methods: We analyzed results from 7,626 breast cancer patients registered on the Asan medical center database between 1999 and 2009. We compared survival according to the TNM stage, intrinsic subtype using ER, PR, Her2- immunohistochemical staining, and age. Results: Luminal A subtype showed the best survival rates while triple negative subtype showed the worst survival rate amongst intrinsic subtypes. Survival analysis sh

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Turner, Dan, Bluma Brenner, Daniela Moisi, et al. "Nucleotide and Amino Acid Polymorphisms at Drug Resistance Sites in Non-B-Subtype Variants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 48, no. 8 (2004): 2993–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.48.8.2993-2998.2004.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT We have compared nucleotide substitutions and polymorphisms at codons known to confer drug resistance in subtype B strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with similar substitutions in viruses of other subtypes. Genotypic analysis was performed on viruses from untreated individuals. Nucleotide and amino acid diversity at resistance sites was compared with a consensus subtype B reference virus. Among patients with non-subtype B infections, polymorphisms relative to subtype B were observed at codon 10 in protease (PR). These included silent substitutions (CTC→CTT, CTA, TT

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Irie, Keisuke, Kohei Mukaiyama, Reika Yamashita, et al. "Investigating Subtypes of Motor Skills and Activities of Daily Living among Young Children with Motor Delay." Occupational Therapy International 2023 (June 15, 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/4031372.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to classify preschool children into subtypes based on motor skills and to characterize the activities of daily living for each subtype. The subjects were 45 preschool children whose scores on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition (MABC-2) and the Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM) were measured. The fine score and gross score were calculated from the MABC-2, and a cluster analysis was performed. The difference between the fine score and the gross score was evaluated for each subtype, and multiple comparisons among subtypes

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

van den Beukel, Tim C., Janine E. van der Toorn, Meike W. Vernooij, et al. "Morphological Subtypes of Intracranial Internal Carotid Artery Arteriosclerosis and the Risk of Stroke." Stroke 53, no. 4 (2022): 1339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.121.036213.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Accumulating evidence highlights the existence of distinct morphological subtypes of intracranial carotid arteriosclerosis. So far, little is known on the prevalence of these subtypes and subsequent stroke risk in the general population. We determined the prevalence of morphological subtypes of intracranial arteriosclerosis and assessed the risk of stroke associated with these subtypes. Methods: Between 2003 and 2006, 2391 stroke-free participants (mean age 69.6, 51.7% women) from the population-based Rotterdam Study underwent noncontrast computed tomography to visualize calcificat

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Jeeninga, Rienk E., Maarten Hoogenkamp, Mercedes Armand-Ugon, Michel de Baar, Koen Verhoef, and Ben Berkhout. "Functional Differences between the Long Terminal Repeat Transcriptional Promoters of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtypes A through G." Journal of Virology 74, no. 8 (2000): 3740–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.8.3740-3751.2000.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT The current human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) shows an increasing number of distinct viral subtypes, as well as viruses that are recombinants of at least two subtypes. Although no biological differences have been described so far for viruses that belong to different subtypes, there is considerable sequence variation between the different HIV-1 subtypes. The HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) encodes the transcriptional promoter, and the LTR of subtypes A through G was cloned and analyzed to test if there are subtype-specific differences in gene expression. Sequence analysis de

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Haddad, Alexander F., Jia Shu Chen, Sudheesha Perera, Anvith Reddy, Vardhaan Ambati, and Manish Aghi. "EPCO-18. UNSUPERVISED MACHINE LEARNING ON TUMOR IMMUNE TRANSCRIPTOMIC DATA REVEALS DISTINCT IMMUNOLOGIC SUBTYPES OF GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_7 (2022): vii119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac209.453.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) has demonstrated a limited therapeutic response to single-agent immunotherapies, highlighting the need for a better understanding of GBM tumor immune phenotypes to inform targeted immunologic treatments. To elucidate GBM immunologic phenotypes we performed unsupervised machine learning on microarray transcriptomic data from 815 newly diagnosed GBM patients. We utilized immune genes only and performed k-means clustering for k=2-10 with within-cluster sum of squares and silhouette methods used to identify the optimal number of clusters. Identified subtypes were furthe

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Dings, Mark P. G., Amber P. Zalm, Marjolein F. Lansbergen, et al. "Abstract 4008: Transcriptomic signatures in esophageal adenocarcinoma define distinct subtypes with therapeutic relevance." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 4008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-4008.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Background & Aims: Esophageal cancer is the fifth most common solid cancer globally, and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is the predominant histological subtype in the western world. Patients often present at an advanced stage and overall-5-year survival rates are less than 15%. In many patients, the response to neoadjuvant therapy is encouraging at first, but most will develop metastatic disease several years later. Recently, we observed plasticity along the epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) axis in EAC tumor cells upon therapeutic pressure. The last decade has seen the discovery o

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Wachter, David L., Peter W. Wachter, Peter A. Fasching, et al. "Characterization of Molecular Subtypes of Paget Disease of the Breast Using Immunohistochemistry and In Situ Hybridization." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 143, no. 2 (2018): 206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2017-0578-oa.

Full text

Abstract:

Context.— Paget disease of the breast, in most cases, represents intraepidermal spread of ductal carcinoma in situ. Molecular subtypes of invasive carcinoma of the breast have prognostic and therapeutic significance and show characteristic distribution. Little is known about the distribution of molecular subtypes in Paget disease of the breast. Objectives.— To examine the distribution of molecular subtypes in Paget disease of the breast and to compare them to concurrent invasive carcinoma of the breast, if present. Design.— We examined 48 cases of Paget disease of the breast with immunohistoch

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Ma, Cao, and Lihua Zhang. "Comparison of small biopsy and cytology specimens: Subtyping of pulmonary adenocarcinoma." Cytojournal 20 (February 8, 2023): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/cytojournal_45_2022.

Full text

Abstract:

Objectives: The aims of this study was to investigate the use of cytologic samples for subclassification of lung adenocarcinoma and the cytologic-histologic correlation in lung adenocarcinoma subtypes using small samples. Methods and Methods: Cytological characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma subtypes were summarized by a literature review. Cytology samples from 115 patients with lung adenocarcinoma confirmed by small biopsies were classified by subtype. The diagnostic concordance of subtypes between biopsy and cytology samples was assessed. Results: Among the 115 cases, 62 (53.9%) had acinar

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Cámara, Alicia, Gladis Díaz, Victor Vega, María Basualdo, and Marta Contigiani. "Seroprevalence of antibodies to Venezuelan equine encephalitis complex (subtypes IAB and VI) in humans from General Belgrano Island, Formosa, Argentina." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 45, no. 4 (2003): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652003000400005.

Full text

Abstract:

This work presents the results of the detection of antibodies (immunoglobulin G) for subtypes I and VI of VEE viruses complex (Togaviridae family) in people from the General Belgrano island, Formosa province (Argentina). The prevalence of neutralizing (NT) antibodies for subtype VI was from 30% to 70% and the prevalence of antibodies inhibitory of hemagglutination (HI) was of 0% in the first and second inquiry respectively. For the subtype IAB the prevalence of NT antibodies was from 13% to 3.6%, similar to the prevalence total for both subtypes. HI antibodies were not detected in any inquirie

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Gao, Feng, David L. Robertson, Catherine D. Carruthers, et al. "An Isolate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Originally Classified as Subtype I Represents a Complex Mosaic Comprising Three Different Group M Subtypes (A, G, and I)." Journal of Virology 72, no. 12 (1998): 10234–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.72.12.10234-10241.1998.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Full-length reference clones and sequences are currently available for eight human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) group M subtypes (A through H), but none have been reported for subtypes I and J, which have only been identified in a few individuals. Phylogenetic information for subtype I, in particular, is limited since only about 400 bp of env gene sequences have been determined for just two epidemiologically linked viruses infecting a couple who were heterosexual intravenous drug users from Cyprus. To characterize subtype I in greater detail, we employed long-range PCR to clo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Kazerooni, Anahita Fathi, Adam Kraya, Komal S. Rathi, et al. "IMG-10. IMAGING SUBTYPES OF PEDIATRIC LOW-GRADE GLIOMA ARE ASSOCIATED WITH DISTINCT MOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS." Neuro-Oncology 26, Supplement_4 (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae064.347.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract BACKGROUND Pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs) have diverse molecular subtypes with distinct prognoses, necessitating personalized treatments. We aimed to determine whether radiomic features of pLGGs co-segregate with molecular subtypes, establishing a proof-of-concept that distinct molecular aberrations could manifest in differentiable imaging features. METHODS Leveraging radiomic, genomic, and transcriptomic data from 201 pLGG patients from the Children’s Brain Tumor Network (CBTN), we identified imaging-based pLGG subtypes through their radiophenotypes. This involved investigating

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Meena, Pangarkar, Kripalani Mamta, Pagey Radhika, and Pathak Anand. "Triple-Negative Breast Carcinoma Subtyping by Immunohistochemistry – Our Experience." Oncology Journal of India 8, no. 2 (2024): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/oji.oji_11_24.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Context: Breast cancer is currently treated according to the subtype determined by the expression of three immunohistochemical markers, namely, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor 2 neu receptor. If all three markers are negative, the subtype is triple-negative breast carcinoma (TNBC). This subtype is a molecularly heterogeneous group expressing different genetic signatures. The present retrospective observational study has used immunohistochemistry as a practical method to document different subtypes of TNBC. Materials and Methods: One hundred

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Ascuña-Durand, Kasandra, Renzo S. Salazar-Sánchez, Ricardo Castillo-Neyra, and Jorge Ballón-Echegaray. "Relative Frequency of Blastocystis Subtypes 1, 2, and 3 in Urban and Periurban Human Populations of Arequipa, Peru." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 5, no. 4 (2020): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5040178.

Full text

Abstract:

Blastocystis is one of the most common protozoa found in the human gut and are genetically diverse and widely distributed around the world. Nonspecific and inconsistent symptoms have been associated with this protozoon; thus, its clinical importance remains controversial. Our aim was to estimate the relative frequency of Blastocystis subtypes 1, 2, and 3, which are the predominant subtypes reported in South America, based on conserved regions of SSU rDNA sequences and determine the factors associated with them. A total of 116 Blastocystis-positive stool samples were processed using conventiona

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Chen, Shanwen, Yingchao Wu, Xin Wang, et al. "Anatomic variations of the anterosuperior pancreaticoduodenal veins encountered during laparoscopic right hemicolectomy: a retrospective single-center analysis." Journal of International Medical Research 50, no. 3 (2022): 030006052210806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03000605221080679.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective The vascular anatomic variations of the right colon present a challenge for colorectal surgeons. However, there have been few detailed studies of the variations in the anterosuperior pancreaticoduodenal vein (ASPDV). Methods We studied consecutive patients with right colon cancer who underwent laparoscopic right hemicolectomy at Peking University First Hospital (N = 117) between January 2018 and June 2021. Results The variations in the ASPDV were classified as type I (n = 101, (86.3%)), defined as ASPDVs draining into the gastrocolic trunk of Henle (GCT); type II (n = 10, (8.5%)), de

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Liu, Feili, Jin Qian, and Chenkai Ma. "MPscore: A Novel Predictive and Prognostic Scoring for Progressive Meningioma." Cancers 13, no. 5 (2021): 1113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13051113.

Full text

Abstract:

Meningioma is the most common tumor in central nervous system (CNS). Although most cases of meningioma are benign (WHO grade I) and curable by surgical resection, a few tumors remain diagnostically and therapeutically challenging due to the frequent recurrence and progression. The heterogeneity of meningioma revealed by DNA methylation profiling suggests the demand of subtyping for meningioma. Therefore, we performed a clustering analyses to characterize the progressive features of meningioma and constructed a meningioma progression score to predict the risk of the recurrence. A total of 179 m

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Polonis, Victoria R., Mark S. de Souza, Janice M. Darden, et al. "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Primary Isolate Neutralization Resistance Is Associated with the Syncytium-Inducing Phenotype and Lower CD4 Cell Counts in Subtype CRF01_AE-Infected Patients." Journal of Virology 77, no. 15 (2003): 8570–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.15.8570-8576.2003.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT A number of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) non-B-subtype products have been developed for present or future vaccine trials; in Thailand, several studies using subtype B and/or CRF01_AE vaccines have been conducted. To better characterize the biologic properties of these subtypes, 70 HIV-1 subtype B and E isolates were phenotyped as syncytium-inducing (SI) or non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) isolates and assessed for sensitivity to neutralizing antibody (NAb). A significantly higher number of NSI subtype E viruses were neutralization sensitive than SI subtype E viruses (P = 0.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Karam, Julie, Paul Rejto, Jadwiga R. Bienkowska, Xinmeng J. Mu, and Whijae Roh. "Abstract 4543: Identification of tumor-specific breast cancer expression subtypes and subtype-specific drug response prediction." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (2023): 4543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-4543.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Breast cancer is a complex disease with a high degree of inter-tumor heterogeneity. Subtyping the disease and identifying the genomic features driving these subtypes are critical for precision oncology for breast cancer. With increasing availability of single cell RNA-seq data and deconvolution methods, there is unmet need for identifying novel tumor-intrinsic subtypes based on deconvoluted tumor-specific expression profiles as well as novel bulk tumor subtypes based on bulk RNA-seq data. Drug response prediction based on tumor-intrinsic subtypes can be also potentially more robust th

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Heeke, Simon, Carl Michael Gay, Marcos Roberto Estecio, et al. "Analysis of tumor- and circulating-free DNA methylation to identify clinically relevant small cell lung cancer subtypes." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 16_suppl (2023): 8577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.8577.

Full text

Abstract:

8577 Background: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy composed of distinct transcriptional subtypes, defined by the predominant expression of one of the three transcription factors ASCL1 (SCLC-A), NEUROD1 (SCLC-N) and POU2F3 (SCLC-P) as well as an inflamed subtype (SCLC-I; see Gay et al. Cancer Cell. 2021), each with potential therapeutic vulnerabilities. Implementing subtyping in the clinic has remained challenging due to limited tissue availability, particularly for longitudinal monitoring. Given the known epigenetic regulation of critical SCLC transcriptional programs,

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Bocket, Laurence, Antoine Cheret, Sylvie Deuffic-Burban, et al. "Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype on First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy Effectiveness." Antiviral Therapy 10, no. 2 (2005): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135965350501000206.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective The effectiveness of antiretroviral treatment (ART) was compared in 416 naive patients from a French clinical cohort infected with B and non-B HIV-1 subtypes. Methods Time to HIV viral load (VL) undetectability was calculated for each subtype group. Three other parameters were estimated 3, 6 and 12 months after enrolment: clinical progression (that is, AIDS-defining events or death), changes in CD4 cell counts from baseline and proportion of patients achieving an undetectable VL (<400 HIV-RNA copies/ml). Results In this cohort, 317 patients (76%) were infected with a B subtype and

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Zhao, Kai, Huilin Hong, Lu Zhao, et al. "Postsynaptic cAMP signalling regulates the antagonistic balance of Drosophila glutamate receptor subtypes." Development 147, no. 24 (2020): dev191874. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.191874.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTThe balance among different subtypes of glutamate receptors (GluRs) is crucial for synaptic function and plasticity at excitatory synapses. However, the mechanisms balancing synaptic GluR subtypes remain unclear. Herein, we show that the two subtypes of GluRs (A and B) expressed at Drosophila neuromuscular junction synapses mutually antagonize each other in terms of their relative synaptic levels and affect subsynaptic localization of each other, as shown by super-resolution microscopy. Upon temperature shift-induced neuromuscular junction plasticity, GluR subtype A increased but subty

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Kudryavtseva, E. N., I. M. Korabelnikova, P. O. Bogomolov, et al. "The Structure of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes/Subtypes in Adult Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C in the Moscow Region." Epidemiology and Vaccine Prevention 15, no. 2 (2016): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2016-15-2-11-18.

Full text

Abstract:

The structure of HCV genotypes/subtypes and dynamics of its changes in a cohort of adult patients with chronic hepatitis C (n = 17229) was studied during 2008-2015 in the Moscow region. The prevalence of subtypes 1b and 3A HCV, whose relative density have made 47.5% (95%CI 46.8 - 48.3%) and 39.4% (95% CI 38.7 - 40.2 per cent) respectively was revealed. The average proportion of subtype 1A HCV was 5.4% (95%CI of 5.1 - 5.8%) and genotype 2 - 7.2% (95% CI 6,8 - 7,6%). It was established that the dynamics of 1b subtype HCV relative density was characterized by a moderate decline rate of 1.3% per y

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Ronsard, Yousif, Ramesh, et al. "In-Vitro Subtype-Specific Modulation of HIV-1 Trans-Activator of Transcription (Tat) on RNAi Silencing Suppressor Activity and Cell Death." Viruses 11, no. 11 (2019): 976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11110976.

Full text

Abstract:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a global health concern affecting millions of individuals with a wide variety of currently circulating subtypes affecting various regions of the globe. HIV relies on multiple regulatory proteins to modify the host cell to promote replication in infected T cells, and these regulatory proteins can have subtle phenotypic differences between subtypes. One of these proteins, HIV-1 Trans-Activator of Transcription (Tat), is capable of RNA interference (RNAi) Silencing Suppressor (RSS) activity and induction of cell death in T cells. However, the subtype-specific

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Yu, Haifeng, Shuailing Peng, Shuiyun Han, Xi Chen, Qinghua Lyu, and Tao Lei. "Distinct Molecular Subtypes of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Patients Treated with Rituximab-CHOP Are Associated with Different Clinical Outcomes and Molecular Mechanisms." BioMed Research International 2021 (June 19, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5514726.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective. Our purpose was to characterize distinct molecular subtypes of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients treated with rituximab-CHOP (R-CHOP). Methods. Two gene expression datasets of R-CHOP-treated DLBCL patients were downloaded from GSE10846 ( n = 233 , training set) and GSE31312 ( n = 470 , validation set) datasets. Cluster analysis was presented via the ConsensusClusterPlus package in R. Using the limma package, differential expression analysis was utilized to identify feature genes. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was presented to compare the differences in the prognosis be

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

TORTI, C., G. LAPADULA, I. IZZO, et al. "Heterogeneity and penetration of HIV-1 non-subtype B viruses in an Italian province: public health implications." Epidemiology and Infection 138, no. 9 (2010): 1298–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268810000166.

Full text

Abstract:

SUMMARYThis study assessed changes in prevalence and distribution of HIV-1 non-subtype B viruses in Italian and immigrant patients over two decades in a province in Italy. All HIV-positive patients who underwent genotypic resistance testing were selected. Prevalence of non-subtype B viruses in 3-year periods was calculated. All sequences of non-subtype B and those provided by REGA as unassigned were analysed for phylogenetic relationships. In total, 250/1563 (16%) individuals were infected with a non-subtype B virus. Prevalence increased over time, reaching a peak (31·5%) in 2004–2006. In Ital

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Sahni, A. K., V. V. S. P. Prasad, and P. Seth. "Genomic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 in India." International Journal of STD & AIDS 13, no. 2 (2002): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462021924749.

Full text

Abstract:

Surveillance of HIV-1 subtypes has important implications for the development of candidate vaccine and understanding the possible differences in the transmission and natural history of different subtypes. In this study, HIV-1 subtypes were determined for homologies in the C2-V3-V5 region by heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA) in HIV-1 seropositive patients referred to the National HIV/AIDS Reference Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences in New Delhi, India. Of the 125 samples analysed, 98 (78.4%) were HIV-1 subtype C, 11 (8.8%) were subtype B′, 3 (2.4%) were subtype A and 2 (1.6%) were

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Murphy, Gary, Francisco J. Belda, Chou-Pong Pau, Jonathan P. Clewley, and John V. Parry. "Discrimination of Subtype B and Non-Subtype B Strains of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Serotyping: Correlation with Genotyping." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 5 (1999): 1356–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.5.1356-1360.1999.

Full text

Abstract:

The ability of a peptide-based serotyping assay to differentiate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) subtype B infections from non-subtype B infections was investigated with 166 anti-HIV-1- and HIV RNA-positive (by PCR) serum or plasma specimens. The specimens were divided genetically into those infected with subtype B and non-subtype B by application of a screening heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA) that used plasmids for subtypes A and B alone. Specimens that were not clearly infected with HIV-1 subtype B by HMA or for which the two methods had discordant results in distinguishi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Lyu, Dongbin, Ruiyi Qian, Yang Wang, Huajian Ma, and Chengmei Yuan. "0376 The Hyperarousal Subtype of Insomnia Disorder Is Associated with Depressive Symptoms." SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (2024): A162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0376.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Introduction Both the hyperarousal state and depressive symptoms are associated with insomnia disorder (ID). However, it is unknown whether the characteristics of hyperarousal and depressive symptoms vary across ID subtypes. Methods This study (NCT05985512) included 136 participants aged 18 to 65, diagnosed with ID by DSM-5 criteria. We employed psychological assessments of depression using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) and one-night polysomnography (PSG) to collect psychological and electroencephalographic (EEG) characteristics including macro sleep structures and spectr

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Berdova, F. K., T. A. Grigorieva, I. K. Vorotnikov, and N. N. Tupitsyn. "Breast cancer molecular subtypes and bone marrow immune system in patient’s prognosis." Russian Journal of Biotherapy 21, no. 2 (2022): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1726-9784-2022-21-2-40-46.

Full text

Abstract:

Backgrоund. Breast cancer molecular subtypes serve as a basis for combined treatment of the disease. Some of them (e. g. triple negative subtype) are prognostically unfavorable. Recently, we’ve demonstrated role of bone marrow B-cells in breast cancer prognosis. Correlation between these parameters (molecular subtypes and bone marrow lymphocyte subpopulations) have not yet studied.Aim. To investigate prognostic role of breast cancer molecular subtypes and to see the relationships between these subtypes and subpopulational composition of bone marrow lymphocytes.Materials and methods. Detailed s

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Suryati, Ni Made, I. Wayan Suteja, and I. Ketut Jirnaya. "Category of Noun Lexical Meaning in Balinese." International Journal of Social Sciences World (TIJOSSW) 4, no. 2 (2022): 215–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7312351.

Full text

Abstract:

This study aimed to analyze type I and its subtypes' characteristics of Balinese noun lexemes meaning categories. The theory used was Semantic Theory. It applied qualitative research with the data obtained from written and spoken data. The data were collected through observation and interview methods. It is then analyzed using the distributional methods. Meanwhile, the analysis is presented in formal and informal methods. The results of the study are as follows. Type I was characterized by the main meaning [+thing +person(O)], and its additional characteristics; [Object, +(ND), +(Ny), +(K)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Lennox, Ronald W., and Leonard H. Cohen. "The production of tissue-specific histone complements during development." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 66, no. 6 (1988): 636–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o88-073.

Full text

Abstract:

At least two mechanisms generate tissue differences in the histone subtype composition during development: subtype dilution and subtype replacement. Subtype dilution, which occurs when cells continue dividing after having ceased to synthesize one or more histone subtypes, allows the elimination of stable subtypes. It is the major mechanism generating cell differences in histone composition in sea urchin embryogenesis. Subtype replacement has been observed in mammalian tissues, both in the intact animal and in cultured cells. It is most evident in nondividing cells but occurs to some extent in

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Arruda, Liã Bárbara, Laura I. Weber, Marisa dos Santos, Edson M. Kawakubo, and Ana Maria B. Martínez. "TESTING A SUBTYPE-SPECIFIC GP41 AMPLIFICATION METHOD FOR GENOTYPING INDIVIDUALS INFECTED BY HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE-1 IN THE BRAZILIAN POPULATION OF ITAJAÍ, SOUTH BRAZIL." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 55, no. 2 (2013): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652013000200005.

Full text

Abstract:

The method used by YAGYU et al. for the subtype-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the gp41 transmembrane region of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) env gene, was tested. HIV-1 proviral DNA from 100 infected individuals in Itajaí, South Brazil was used to analyze this method. Seventy individuals were determined according to this method as having PCR products at the expected size for subtypes B, C, D and F. Of these individuals, 26 (37.1%) were observed as having the expected amplification for subtype C, and 42 (60%) were observed as having the expected pro

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Martins, Regina M. B., Sheila A. Teles, Nara R. Freitas, et al. "Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes among blood donors from mid-west region of Brazil." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 48, no. 1 (2006): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652006000100012.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to investigate the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in mid-west region of Brazil, 250 anti-HCV positive blood donors were studied. Among them, the anti-HCV serological status was confirmed in 205 (82%). HCV RNA was detected in 165 samples, which were genotyped. HCV types 1, 2 and 3 were found in 67.9%, 3% and 29.1% of the donors, respectively. In Goiás state, subtype 1a (50%) was the most prevalent, followed by subtypes 3a (30.9%) and 1b (16.7%). In Mato Grosso state, subtype 1a was also predominant (41%), followed by subtypes 1b (29.5%) and 3a (25%). In Mato Grosso do Sul state, sub

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Yang, Hai, Rui Chen, Dongdong Li, and Zhe Wang. "Subtype-GAN: a deep learning approach for integrative cancer subtyping of multi-omics data." Bioinformatics 37, no. 16 (2021): 2231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btab109.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Motivation The discovery of cancer subtyping can help explore cancer pathogenesis, determine clinical actionability in treatment, and improve patients' survival rates. However, due to the diversity and complexity of multi-omics data, it is still challenging to develop integrated clustering algorithms for tumor molecular subtyping. Results We propose Subtype-GAN, a deep adversarial learning approach based on the multiple-input multiple-output neural network to model the complex omics data accurately. With the latent variables extracted from the neural network, Subtype-GAN uses consensu

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Gómez, Inmaculada, Maria Dolores Pérez-Vázquez, and David Tarragó. "Molecular epidemiology of Kaposi sarcoma virus in Spain." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (2022): e0274058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274058.

Full text

Abstract:

Background Since human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection may be underestimated and HHV-8 subtype circulation in Spain remains unknown, a molecular epidemiologic study is highly desirable. Objectives This study aimed to analyse HHV-8 subtype diversity and their distribution in Spain. Study design The study included 142 HHV-8 infected patients. A nested PCR was developed in order to permit Sanger sequencing of HHV-8 K1 ORF directly from clinical samples received at the CNM from 2013 to 2021. Phylogenetic characterization was performed. Results Genotypes A and C comprised 55.6% and 42.3% of strains

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!