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Journal articles on the topic 'Such caterpillars are more susceptible to infectious diseases'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Zhang, Peng, and Matthew Turnbull. "Polydnavirus Innexins Disrupt Host Cellular Encapsulation and Larval Maturation." Viruses 13, no. 8 (2021): 1621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081621.

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Polydnaviruses are dsDNA viruses associated with endoparasitoid wasps. Delivery of the virus during parasitization of a caterpillar and subsequent virus gene expression is required for production of an amenable environment for parasitoid offspring development. Consequently, understanding of Polydnavirus gene function provides insight into mechanisms of host susceptibility and parasitoid wasp host range. Polydnavirus genes predominantly are arranged in multimember gene families, one of which is the vinnexins, which are virus homologues of insect gap junction genes, the innexins. Previous studie

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Chauhan, Vivek, Suman Thakur, Ravinder Kumar, and Gopal Beri. "Adolescent females are more susceptible than males for tuberculosis." Journal of Global Infectious Diseases 13, no. 1 (2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_229_20.

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Nur, Yohani Setiya Rafika, Auliya Burhanuddin, Dasril Aldo, and Widya Lelisa Army. "Sistem Pakar Deteksi Penyakit Bawang Merah dengan Metode Case Based Reasoning." JURNAL MEDIA INFORMATIKA BUDIDARMA 6, no. 3 (2022): 1356. http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/mib.v6i3.4180.

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Shallots are tubers commonly consumed by Indonesians. Shallots are one of the three members of the Allium genus that are much-loved and have high economic value. In the process of cultivating shallots susceptible to pests and diseases. Onion caterpillars, leaf flies, earthworms, purpura, fusarium wilt, onion mosaic and leaf spot are some of the pests and diseases that often attack shallot plants. Farmers will immediately give pesticides or methods that are sometimes not suitable for pests and diseases that attack. As a result, maintenance is not optimal and new pests or diseases often arise. T

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González, Camila, Liliana Ballesteros-Mejia, Juana Díaz-Díaz, et al. "Deadly and venomous Lonomia caterpillars are more than the two usual suspects." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17, no. 2 (2023): e0011063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011063.

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Caterpillars of the Neotropical genus Lonomia (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) are responsible for some fatal envenomation of humans in South America inducing hemostatic disturbances in patients upon skin contact with the caterpillars’ spines. Currently, only two species have been reported to cause hemorrhagic syndromes in humans: Lonomia achelous and Lonomia obliqua. However, species identifications have remained largely unchallenged despite improved knowledge of venom diversity and growing evidence that the taxonomy used over past decades misrepresents and underestimates species diversity. Here, w

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Spencer, Charles T., and Michelle A. Sanchez Guillen. "Increased M1 macrophage activity makes females more sensitive to Francisella tularensis infection." Journal of Immunology 208, no. 1_Supplement (2022): 50.16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.50.16.

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Abstract The intensity of the inflammatory response differs between males and females, with females having a stronger basal inflammatory response compared with males. This leads to differences in sensitivity to autoimmune and infectious diseases. Males tend to be more susceptible to infectious diseases whereas females tend to be more susceptible to autoimmune diseases. However, certain infectious diseases cause disease by over stimulating an inflammatory response resulting in dysregulation of cytokine production and generation of a cytokine storm. We hypothesized that the elevated basal inflam

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Lefebvre, Mario. "Modeling and Optimal Control of Infectious Diseases." Mathematics 12, no. 13 (2024): 2139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math12132139.

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We propose a stochastic model of infectious disease transmission that is more realistic than those found in the literature. The model is based on jump-diffusion processes. However, it is defined in such a way that the number of people susceptible to be infected decreases over time, which is the case for a population of fixed size. Next, we consider the problem of finding the optimal control of the proposed model. The dynamic programming equation satisfied by the value function is derived. Estimators of the various model parameters are obtained.

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Mylonakis, Eleftherios, Roberto Moreno, Joseph B. El Khoury, et al. "Galleria mellonella as a Model System To Study Cryptococcus neoformans Pathogenesis." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 7 (2005): 3842–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.7.3842-3850.2005.

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ABSTRACT Evaluation of Cryptococcus neoformans virulence in a number of nonmammalian hosts suggests that C. neoformans is a nonspecific pathogen. We used the killing of Galleria mellonella (the greater wax moth) caterpillar by C. neoformans to develop an invertebrate host model system that can be used to study cryptococcal virulence, host immune responses to infection, and the effects of antifungal compounds. All varieties of C. neoformans killed G. mellonella. After injection into the insect hemocoel, C. neoformans proliferated and, despite successful phagocytosis by host hemocytes, killed ca

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Sanusi, Usman, Saratu Abdulfatah, Sulaiman Sani, and Sani Abba. "Managing Infectious Diseases Under Quiescence." UMYU Scientifica 3, no. 4 (2024): 434–40. https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2434.037.

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Study’s Excerpt: Many factors influence infectious disease spread, including transmission rates and population structure. Quiescence has gained attention for its role in infectious disease outbreak evolution. Standard models like SIR help but often overlook complex dynamics like quiescence. The SIR model is extended to include quiescence and its effect on infections over time. Full Abstract: Quiescence is added to the Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) model with demography in this work. To investigate the consequences of Quiescence in the infection process in more depth, we use stochastic

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Holdsworth, Amber M., Nicholas K. R. Kevlahan, and David J. D. Earn. "Multifractal signatures of infectious diseases." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9, no. 74 (2012): 2167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2011.0886.

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Incidence of infection time-series data for the childhood diseases measles, chicken pox, rubella and whooping cough are described in the language of multifractals. We explore the potential of using the wavelet transform maximum modulus (WTMM) method to characterize the multiscale structure of the observed time series and of simulated data generated by the stochastic susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) epidemic model. The singularity spectra of the observed time series suggest that each disease is characterized by a unique multifractal signature, which distinguishes that particular

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Sanchez, Michelle A., Danielle Martinez, and Charles Spencer. "Macrophage subsets determine sex differences between male and female immune responses to Francisella tularensis." Journal of Immunology 202, no. 1_Supplement (2019): 126.20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.202.supp.126.20.

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Abstract Francisella tularensisis the causative agent of the human disease tularemia. F. tularensisinfects a variety of cells, including macrophages, in order to cause pathogenicity. As few as 10 inhaled microorganisms cause a lethal infection by over-activating the host’s own inflammatory response. Differences in the intensity of the inflammatory response exist between the sexes which leads to differences in sensitivity to autoimmune and infectious disease. Males tend to be more susceptible to infectious diseases whereas females tend to be more susceptible to autoimmune diseases. However, our

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KARLSSON, D. "Probabilistic network modelling of the impact of penicillin consumption on spread of pneumococci." Epidemiology and Infection 139, no. 9 (2010): 1351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268810002773.

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SUMMARYThe worldwide increase of resistant S. pneumoniae is a growing clinical problem. In several countries, a more restrictive use of penicillin has been promoted in hope of slowing the rates of resistant pneumococci. However, the consequences of such an action on pneumococcal population dynamics are not fully understood. Thus, a network model was constructed to assess the impacts of penicillin consumption and between-strain competition on the spread of penicillin non-susceptible pneumococci. Model simulations suggest that the age distribution for carriage of penicillin non-susceptible pneum

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Hearn, Cari J., та Hans H. Cheng. "Contribution of the TCRβ Repertoire to Marek’s Disease Genetic Resistance in the Chicken". Viruses 15, № 3 (2023): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15030607.

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Marek’s disease (MD) is a lymphoproliferative disease of chickens induced by Marek’s disease virus (MDV), an oncogenic α-herpesvirus. MDV has increased in virulence, prompting continued efforts in both improved vaccines and enhanced genetic resistance. Model pairs of genetically MD-resistant and MD-susceptible chickens that were either MHC-matched or MHC-congenic allowed characterization of T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires associated with MDV infection. MD-resistant chickens showed higher usage of Vβ-1 TCRs than susceptible chickens in both the CD8 and CD4 subsets in the MHC-matched model, an

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O’Neill, Xander, Andy White, Damian Clancy, Francisco Ruiz-Fons, and Christian Gortázar. "The Influence of Latent and Chronic Infection on Pathogen Persistence." Mathematics 9, no. 9 (2021): 1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9091007.

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We extend the classical compartmental frameworks for susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) and susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) systems to include an exposed/latent class or a chronic class of infection. Using a suite of stochastic continuous-time Markov chain models we examine the impact of latent and chronic infection on the mean time to extinction of the infection. Our findings indicate that the mean time to pathogen extinction is increased for infectious diseases which cause exposed/latent infection prior to full infection and that the extinction time is increased further if these exp

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Sanchez, Michelle A., and Charles T. Spencer. "Differences in the M1 and M2 macrophage subtypes between the sexes determine susceptibility to Francisella tularensis infection." Journal of Immunology 204, no. 1_Supplement (2020): 149.10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.149.10.

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Abstract Francisella tularensis is the causative agent of the human disease tularemia. F. tularensis infects a variety of cells, including macrophages, in order to cause pathogenicity. As few as 10 inhaled microorganisms cause a lethal infection by over-activating the host’s own inflammatory response. Differences in the intensity of the inflammatory response exist between the sexes which leads to differences in sensitivity to autoimmune and infectious disease. Males tend to be more susceptible to infectious diseases whereas females tend to be more susceptible to autoimmune diseases. However, o

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KUMAKURA, S., H. SHIBATA, K. ONODA, N. NISHIMURA, C. MATSUDA, and M. HIROSE. "Seroprevalence survey on measles, mumps, rubella and varicella antibodies in healthcare workers in Japan: sex, age, occupational-related differences and vaccine efficacy." Epidemiology and Infection 142, no. 1 (2013): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268813000393.

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SUMMARYA seroprevalence survey on measles, mumps, rubella and varicella was conducted on healthcare workers (HCWs) at Shimane University Hospital, Japan utilizing an enzyme immunoassay. Of 1811 HCWs tested, 91·8% were seropositive to measles, 92·1% to mumps, 89·5% to rubella and 96·3% to varicella. Sex-related differences in seroprevalence were found in rubella (males vs. females: 84·7 vs. 92·2%, P < 0·001). Moreover, males aged 30–39 years were most susceptible to rubella (22·4%), which may be attributed to the design of childhood immunization programmes in Japan. Individuals aged ⩽29 year

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COLES, C. L., L. RAHMATHULLAH, R. KANUNGO, et al. "Nasopharyngeal carriage of resistant pneumococci in young South Indian infants." Epidemiology and Infection 129, no. 3 (2002): 491–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268802007586.

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Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading bacterial cause of life-threatening infections in infants. Although antibiotic resistance affects management of pneumococcal infections, few data on patterns of resistance are available for India. We examined nasopharyngeal carriage of antibiotic-resistant pneumococci in 464 South Indian infants between 2 and 6 months. Newly acquired serotypes were screened for susceptibility to cotrimoxazole, erythromycin and penicillin using disk diffusion. Cumulative prevalence of pneumococcal carriage rose from 53·9% at 2 months to 70·2% at 6 months. The prevalence o

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Sappenfield, Elisabeth, Denise J. Jamieson, and Athena P. Kourtis. "Pregnancy and Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/752852.

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To summarize the literature regarding susceptibility of pregnant women to infectious diseases and severity of resulting disease, we conducted a review using a PubMed search and other strategies. Studies were included if they reported information on infection risk or disease outcome in pregnant women. In all, 1454 abstracts were reviewed, and a total of 85 studies were included. Data were extracted regarding number of cases in pregnant women, rates of infection, risk factors for disease severity or complications, and maternal outcomes. The evidence indicates that pregnancy is associated with in

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Shafrin, Jason, Alen Marijam, Ashish V. Joshi, et al. "194. Progression of an Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection Among Female Patients with Susceptible and Non-Susceptible Urine Isolates: Findings from an Integrated Delivery Network." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (2021): S118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.194.

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Abstract Background Uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI) is often treated empirically without antibiotic (AB) susceptibility testing; however, antimicrobial-resistant bacteria could lead to suboptimal treatment and progression to complicated UTI (cUTI). We examined the likelihood of uUTI progression to cUTI in patients with susceptible and non-susceptible uropathogens. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study using data from a large Mid-Atlantic US integrated delivery network’s electronic health records from July 1, 2016 to March 31, 2020. Patients included were female, aged ≥

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Catto, Michael A., Anita Shrestha, Mark R. Abney, et al. "Defense-Related Gene Expression Following an Orthotospovirus Infection Is Influenced by Host Resistance in Arachis hypogaea." Viruses 13, no. 7 (2021): 1303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13071303.

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Planting resistant cultivars is the most effective tactic to manage the thrips-transmitted tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) in peanut plants. However, molecular mechanisms conferring resistance to TSWV in resistant cultivars are unknown. In this study, transcriptomes of TSWV-susceptible (SunOleic 97R) and field-resistant (Tifguard) peanut cultivars with and without TSWV infection were assembled and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were compared. There were 4605 and 2579 significant DEGs in SunOleic 97R and Tifguard, respectively. Despite the lower number of DEGs in Tifguard, an

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Wise, Mark G. G., Krystyna Kazmierczak, Gregory Stone, and Daniel F. Sahm. "1268. In Vitro Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Comparators against KPC-Producing Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Collected in China as Part of the ATLAS Global Surveillance Program in 2019." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (2021): S722—S723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.1460.

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Abstract Background Among Gram-negative bacteria, the rapid spread of carbapenemases has limited therapeutic options. Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), an Ambler class A serine β-lactamase, presents a particular challenge as it has become widespread, first identified in an isolate collected in the United States and thereafter moving throughout the world, including China. Fortunately, the β-lactamase inhibitor avibactam is a potent inhibitor of KPC, rendering many Enterobacterales and some P. aeruginosa isolates that carry KPC susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) in vitro. Th

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Pruszyński, Jacek, Dorota Cianciara, Justyna Grudziąż-Sękowska, et al. "Can we expect re-emergence of infectious diseases in the near future?" Journal of Education, Health and Sport 12, no. 9 (2022): 658–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2022.12.09.079.

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Ever since Hippocrates expressed the view that environmental factors can influence disease incidence, attempts have been made to link the emergence of disease, especially outbreaks of infectious diseases, with the various factors that contribute to their occurrence. Among the possible causes favoring the spread of pathogens and the increase in the incidence of infectious diseases, environmental and social conditions are mentioned. An unprecedented set of new conditions has made the human population more vulnerable and more susceptible to infectious diseases than ever before. It is possible tha

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GEENEN, P. L., J. Van der MEULEN, A. BOUMA, and M. C. M. De JONG. "Estimating transmission parameters of F4+ E. coli for F4-receptor-positive and -negative piglets: one-to-one transmission experiment." Epidemiology and Infection 132, no. 6 (2004): 1039–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268804002675.

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F4+ Escherichia coli is an important agent of post-weaning diarrhoea in piglets. Piglets that express an adhesion site for F4+ E. coli in their small intestine (F4R+) shed higher numbers of F4+ E. coli than piglets lacking this site (F4R−). We hypothesized that F4R+ piglets are more infectious and more susceptible for F4+ E. coli. This implies that in populations with F4R+ and F4R− piglets, the transmission would be dependent on the frequency of both types of animals. To quantify the difference in infectiousness and susceptibility, a one-to-one transmission experiment was performed with 20 pai

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Gustafson, John E., Pierre V. Candelaria, Scott A. Fisher, et al. "Growth in the Presence of Salicylate Increases Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 43, no. 4 (1999): 990–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.43.4.990.

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ABSTRACT Salicylate and acetylsalicylate slightly increased fluoroquinolone resistance in ciprofloxacin-susceptible and -resistantStaphylococcus aureus. Salicylate allowed a greater number of cells from ciprofloxacin-susceptible and -resistant strains to survive on high fluoroquinolone concentrations. Salicylate also increased the frequency with which a susceptible strain mutated to become more resistant to ciprofloxacin.

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Liu, Meng, Cheng Dai, Xiaodong Lv, and Binzhong Li. "Letter to the Editor: Are severe COVID‐19 patients more susceptible to conjunctivitis?" Journal of Medical Virology 92, no. 11 (2020): 2394–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.26084.

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Chrysoula, Taskou, and Diamanti Athina. "Vaccination against flu and COVID-19 during pregnancy." REVIEW CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHARMACOKINETICS, INTERNATIONAL EDITION 37, no. 2 (2023): 83–88. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8379293.

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<em>The incidence of emerging infectious diseases has increased during the past two decades and is expected to further increase. Special populations, such as pregnant women, might be at a higher risk and are more susceptible to or more severely affected by infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to recognize and emphasize the importance of the prevention of prenatal infections. The role of healthcare providers in reducing the incidence of infections is also crucial, as preventing infections in the pregnant woman, fetus, or infant is an important part of prenatal care.</em>

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Nguyen, M. Hong, and Christine Y. Yu. "In Vitro Comparative Efficacy of Voriconazole and Itraconazole against Fluconazole-Susceptible and -Resistant Cryptococcus neoformans Isolates." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 42, no. 2 (1998): 471–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.42.2.471.

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ABSTRACT In vitro susceptibility testing for 50 clinical isolates of fluconazole-susceptible or -resistant Cryptococcus neoformans was performed with itraconazole and voriconazole. Voriconazole was more potent than itraconazole for fluconazole-susceptible isolates and as potent as itraconazole for fluconazole-susceptible dose-dependent isolates and for fluconazole-resistant isolates. For fluconazole-resistant isolates, the voriconazole and itraconazole MICs ranged from 1 to 2 μg/ml.

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Gonzalez-Ceron, Lilia, Mario H. Rodriguez, Jose C. Nettel, Cuauhtemoc Villarreal, Kevin C. Kain, and Juan E. Hernandez. "Differential Susceptibilities of Anopheles albimanus and Anopheles pseudopunctipennis to Infections with Coindigenous Plasmodium vivaxVariants VK210 and VK247 in Southern Mexico." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 1 (1999): 410–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.1.410-412.1999.

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ABSTRACT The susceptibilities to coindigenous Plasmodium vivaxof colonized Anopheles albimanus and Anopheles pseudopunctipennis from southern Mexico were investigated by simultaneous feeding with infected blood obtained from patients. The genes encoding circumsporozoite protein variant types (VK210 and VK247) in blood samples were determined by PCR and oligonucleotide probe hybridization. A. albimanus was more susceptible to VK210, and A. pseudopunctipennis was more susceptible to VK247.

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Pace, John L., Kevin Krause, Deborah Johnston, et al. "In Vitro Activity of TD-6424 against Staphylococcus aureus." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 11 (2003): 3602–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.11.3602-3604.2003.

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ABSTRACT TD-6424, a rapidly bactericidal agent with multiple mechanisms of action, is more potent in vitro and more rapidly bactericidal than currently available agents against methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. TD-6424 produces a postantibiotic effect with a duration of 4 to 6 h against these organisms. The results suggest potential efficacy against susceptible and resistant strains of S. aureus.

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Aliee, Maryam, Kat S. Rock, and Matt J. Keeling. "Estimating the distribution of time to extinction of infectious diseases in mean-field approaches." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 17, no. 173 (2020): 20200540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2020.0540.

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A key challenge for many infectious diseases is to predict the time to extinction under specific interventions. In general, this question requires the use of stochastic models which recognize the inherent individual-based, chance-driven nature of the dynamics; yet stochastic models are inherently computationally expensive, especially when parameter uncertainty also needs to be incorporated. Deterministic models are often used for prediction as they are more tractable; however, their inability to precisely reach zero infections makes forecasting extinction times problematic. Here, we study the

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Schülin, T., C. B. Wennersten, R. C. Moellering, and G. M. Eliopoulos. "In vitro activity of RU 64004, a new ketolide antibiotic, against gram-positive bacteria." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 41, no. 5 (1997): 1196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.41.5.1196.

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The comparative in vitro activity of RU 64004 (also known as HMR 3004), a new ketolide antibiotic, was tested by agar dilution against approximately 500 gram-positive organisms, including multiply resistant enterococci, streptococci, and staphylococci. All streptococci were inhibited by < or = 1 microg of RU 64004 per ml. The ketolide was more potent than other macrolides against erythromycin A-susceptible staphylococci and was generally more potent than clindamycin against erythromycin A-resistant strains susceptible to this agent. Clindamycin-resistant staphylococci (MIC, > 128 microg/

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BELDOMENICO, P. M., S. TELFER, L. LUKOMSKI, S. GEBERT, M. BENNETT, and M. BEGON. "Host condition and individual risk of cowpox virus infection in natural animal populations: cause or effect?" Epidemiology and Infection 137, no. 9 (2009): 1295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268808001866.

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SUMMARYRecent studies have provided evidence that endemic pathogens may affect dynamics in animals. However, such studies have not typically considered that infected individuals might have a preceding underlying poor condition. We examined whether individuals in poor condition are more likely to become infected by an endemic pathogen, using as a system the dynamics of cowpox virus in field voles. With data from monthly sampled vole populations, a nested case-control study evaluated whether susceptible individuals with poorer condition had higher probabilities of contracting cowpox. The influen

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Collins, Barry, Susan Joyce, Colin Hill, Paul D. Cotter, and R. Paul Ross. "TelA Contributes to the Innate Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes to Nisin and Other Cell Wall-Acting Antibiotics." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 11 (2010): 4658–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00290-10.

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ABSTRACT Nisin is a class I bacteriocin (lantibiotic), which is employed by the food and veterinary industries and exhibits potent activity against numerous pathogens. However, this activity could be further improved through the targeting and inhibition of factors that contribute to innate nisin resistance. Here we describe a novel locus, lmo1967, which is required for optimal nisin resistance in Listeria monocytogenes. The importance of this locus, which is a homologue of the tellurite resistance gene telA, was revealed after the screening of a mariner random mutant bank of L. monocytogenes f

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Vasiliev, M. N., A. A. Butova, and R. R. Akhunova. "Infectious diseases of cats and dogs treatment and prevention." Issues of Legal Regulation in Veterinary Medicine, no. 2 (July 7, 2022): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2022.2.48.

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Monitoring of the incidence of cats and dogs with infectious diseases, as well as the development of recommendations to owners to prevent infection of their pets with these diseases, are important elements of ensuring the epizootic well-being of cities. It was found that cats are more susceptible to infection with infectious diseases, for 2019-2021, the Veterinarian Advisory Center annually received 111 cats and 17 dogs with infectious pathology on average. The most frequently reported pathologies are calico- and herpesvirus infections of cats. There is no clearly predominant infectious pathol

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Flamm, Robert K., Paul R. Rhomberg, Ronald N. Jones, and David J. Farrell. "In VitroActivity of RX-P873 against Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 59, no. 4 (2015): 2280–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.04840-14.

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ABSTRACTRX-P873 is a novel antibiotic from the pyrrolocytosine series which exhibits high binding affinity for the bacterial ribosome and broad-spectrum antibiotic properties. The pyrrolocytosines have shownin vitroactivity against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains of bacteria known to cause complicated urinary tract, skin, and lung infections, as well as sepsis.Enterobacteriaceae(657),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(200), andAcinetobacter baumannii(202) isolates from North America and Europe collected in 2012 as part of a worldwide surveillance program were testedin vitroby b

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Hanna, Samir, Katie Garman, and John R. Dunn. "699. Case-Case Comparison of Exposures among Fluoroquinolone-Resistant and Pan-Susceptible Campylobacter Cases, Tennessee, 2016-2018." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (2021): S450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.896.

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Abstract Background Campylobacter causes an estimated 1.5 million infections each year in the United States. Of those, approximately 448,400 infections are caused by antimicrobial resistant strains, including strains resistant to fluoroquinolones (e.g., nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin), which are commonly used to treat campylobacteriosis. Campylobacter infection is commonly attributed to consuming poultry products. We compared exposure data between fluoroquinolone-resistant and pan-susceptible Campylobacter cases reported in 2016-2018 to assess attribution. Methods Broth microdilution was per

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Jimenez, Maria del Pilar, Lorraine Walls, and Joshua Fierer. "High Levels of Interleukin-10 Impair Resistance to Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis in Mice in Part through Control of Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 Expression." Infection and Immunity 74, no. 6 (2006): 3387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01985-05.

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ABSTRACT We have shown previously that there is a direct correlation between IL-10 levels and susceptibility to Coccidioides immitis peritonitis in C57BL/6 (B6), DBA/2, and BXD recombinant inbred mice. We now show that B6 mice are also more susceptible to C. immitis pneumonia and that interleukin-10 (IL-10)-deficient (IL-10−/−) B6 mice are more resistant to C. immitis pneumonia. In addition, we established that high levels of IL-10 are sufficient to make genetically resistant mice susceptible to both C. immitis peritonitis and pneumonia by infecting h.IL-10 transgenic mice. Infected h.IL-10 tr

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Ahmad, Zahoor, Austin Minkowski, Charles A. Peloquin, et al. "Activity of the Fluoroquinolone DC-159a in the Initial and Continuation Phases of Treatment of Murine Tuberculosis." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, no. 4 (2011): 1781–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01514-10.

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ABSTRACTDC-159a is a new fluoroquinolone with more potentin vitroactivity than available fluoroquinolones against both drug-susceptible and fluoroquinolone-resistantMycobacterium tuberculosis. Here, we report that DC-159a displays pharmacokinetics similar to those of moxifloxacin yet is more active than moxifloxacin during both the initial and continuation phases of treatment in a murine model. These results warrant further preclinical evaluation of DC-159a in selected drug combinations against drug-susceptible and fluoroquinolone-resistant tuberculosis.

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Walker, David H., Juan P. Olano, and Hui-Min Feng. "Critical Role of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Immune Clearance of Rickettsial Infection." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 3 (2001): 1841–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.3.1841-1846.2001.

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ABSTRACT Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity developed against the major infected target cells of rickettsial infections, endothelial cells and macrophages. Spleen cells from mice immune to Rickettsia conorii exerted specific major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-matched CTL activity against R. conorii-infected SVEC-10 endothelial cells, with peak activity on day 10. Similarly, spleen cells from Rickettsia australis-immune mice exerted specific CTL activity against an R. australis-infected macrophage-like cell line. Gamma interferon (IFN-γ) gene knockout mice were more than 100-fold

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XU, XIN-JIAN, WEN-XU WANG, TAO ZHOU, and GUANRONG CHEN. "GEOGRAPHICAL EFFECTS ON EPIDEMIC SPREADING IN SCALE-FREE NETWORKS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 17, no. 12 (2006): 1815–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183106010194.

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Many real networks are embedded in a metric space: the interactions among individuals depend on their spatial distances and usually take place among their nearest neighbors. In this paper, we introduce a modified susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model to study geographical effects on the spread of diseases by assuming that the probability of a healthy individual infected by an infectious one is inversely proportional to the Euclidean distance between them. It is found that geography plays a more important role than hubs in disease spreading: the more geographically constrained the networ

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Fluit, Ad C., Alice Florijn, Jan Verhoef, and Dana Milatovic. "Presence of Tetracycline Resistance Determinants and Susceptibility to Tigecycline and Minocycline." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 49, no. 4 (2005): 1636–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.49.4.1636-1638.2005.

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ABSTRACT No relation between the presence of tetracycline resistance determinants tet(A) to tet(E) and the MICs of tigecycline was observed for Enterobacteriaceae, although tetracycline-susceptible isolates were more susceptible overall to tigecycline, whereas the presence of tet(M) in Staphylococcus aureus was associated with higher MICs of minocycline.

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Fechio, Cristiane Jellmayer, Angela Maria Victoriano de Campos Soares, Silvio Luís de Oliveira, and Alexandrina Sartori. "Experimental visceral leishmaniasis in high and low antibody - producer mice (selection IV-A)." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 32, no. 3 (1999): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86821999000300002.

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Leishmaniasis is a typical parasite infection whose protective immunity depends on macrophage activation. Susceptibility to Leishmania donovani infection was compared in H (high antibody responder) and L (low antibody responder) mice from selection IV-A. H mice infected intravenously with 10(7) amastigotes of L. donovani were more susceptible to infection than their L counterparts. This higher susceptibility was characterized by a higher splenic and hepatic parasite burden. An increased splenic index was observed in both lines after sixty days of infection. This splenomegaly was caused, at lea

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Pai, Manjunath P., and Ariel L. Jones. "Altered Susceptibility of Candida glabrata Bloodstream Isolates to Triazoles at Clinically Relevant pH Values: Comparison of the NCCLS M27-A2, Sensititre YeastOne, and Etest Methods." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 48, no. 11 (2004): 4441–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.48.11.4441-4443.2004.

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ABSTRACT We studied the MICs of triazoles against 15 Candida glabrata clinical isolates by the NCCLS M27-A2, Sensititre YeastOne, and Etest methods by using media at pHs 6.0, 7.0, and 7.4. Thirteen isolates were less susceptible to triazoles at pH 6.0 and more susceptible to triazoles at pH 7.4 compared to pH 7.0.

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Bianchi, Francesco Paolo, and Silvio Tafuri. "Vaccination of Elderly People Affected by Chronic Diseases: A Challenge for Public Health." Vaccines 10, no. 5 (2022): 641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10050641.

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Deering, R. A., R. B. Guyer, L. Stevens, and T. E. Watson-Thais. "Some repair-deficient mutants of Dictyostelium discoideum display enhanced susceptibilities to bleomycin." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 40, no. 2 (1996): 464–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.40.2.464.

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Dictyostelium discoideum, a soil eukaryote, is highly resistant to DNA-damaging agents; repair mutants are more susceptible. Susceptibility to bleomycin, produced by Streptomyces verticillus, is greater for mutants which are susceptible to other agents than for resistant strains. The high potential for DNA repair may result from the need to cope with chemicals produced by other soil microorganisms.

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Oteo, Jesús, Juan José González-López, Adriana Ortega, et al. "Inhibitor-Resistant TEM- and OXA-1-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates Resistant to Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Are More Clonal and Possess Lower Virulence Gene Content than Susceptible Clinical Isolates." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 58, no. 7 (2014): 3874–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02738-13.

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ABSTRACTIn a previous prospective multicenter study in Spain, we found that OXA-1 and inhibitor-resistant TEM (IRT) β-lactamases constitute the most common plasmid-borne mechanisms of genuine amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) resistance inEscherichia coli. In the present study, we investigated the population structure and virulence traits of clinical AMC-resistantE. colistrains expressing OXA-1 or IRT and compared these traits to those in a control group of clinical AMC-susceptibleE. coliisolates. All OXA-1-producing (n= 67) and IRT-producing (n= 45) isolates were matched by geographical and tempo

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Ferreira, Andrea C. B., Satiko Gobara, Silvia F. Costa, et al. "Emergence of Resistance inPseudomonas aeruginosaandAcinetobacterSpecies After the Use of Antimicrobials for Burned Patients." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 25, no. 10 (2004): 868–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502311.

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AbstractObjectives:To evaluate the emergence of resistance ofPseudomonas aeruginosaandAcinetobacterspecies to imipenem, ciprofloxacin, or both after the use of these drugs and to compare resistant with susceptible isolates by molecular typing.Design:Cohort study.Setting:Burn intensive care unit (ICU) with 4 beds in a tertiary-care university hospital.Methods:During 16 months, surveillance cultures were performed for all patients admitted to the ICU. Demographic information was obtained for each patient. Molecular typing was done by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis using restriction enzymes for

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Brown, Charles R., and Steven L. Reiner. "Activation of Natural Killer Cells in Arthritis-Susceptible but Not Arthritis-Resistant Mouse Strains following Borrelia burgdorferi Infection." Infection and Immunity 66, no. 11 (1998): 5208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.11.5208-5214.1998.

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ABSTRACT Infection of susceptible mouse strains with Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease, results in the development of arthritis. Components of the innate immune system may be important mediators of this pathology. To investigate the potential role of NK cells in development of experimental Lyme arthritis, we examined their activation in vivo in both resistant and susceptible mouse strains. Following inoculation of B. burgdorferi into the footpad, lymph node NK cells from susceptible C3H/HeJ (C3H) mice produced more gamma interferon than NK cells from resistant DBA/2J mice. Lymph

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Almer, Laurel S., Jennifer B. Hoffrage, Erika L. Keller, Robert K. Flamm, and Virginia D. Shortridge. "In Vitro and Bactericidal Activities of ABT-492, a Novel Fluoroquinolone, against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Organisms." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 48, no. 7 (2004): 2771–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.48.7.2771-2777.2004.

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ABSTRACT In vitro activities of ABT-492, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, trovafloxacin, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, and gemifloxacin were compared. ABT-492 was more potent against quinolone-susceptible and -resistant gram-positive organisms, had activity similar to that of ciprofloxacin against certain members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, and had comparable activity against quinolone-susceptible, nonfermentative, gram-negative organisms. Bactericidal activity of ABT-492 was also evaluated.

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Schwaber, Mitchell J., Shiri Navon-Venezia, David Schwartz та Yehuda Carmeli. "High Levels of Antimicrobial Coresistance among Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 49, № 5 (2005): 2137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.49.5.2137-2139.2005.

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ABSTRACT We compared the susceptibility of 312 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates with that of 1,216 ESBL nonproducers. Of ESBL producers, 25% were susceptible to gentamicin, 30% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 41% to ciprofloxacin, and 60% to piperacillin-tazobactam. ESBL nonproducers were more often susceptible to these agents. ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae represent a major source of resistance to various antibiotics.

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Mou, Zhirong, Ping Jia, Shiby Kuriakose, Forough Khadem, and Jude E. Uzonna. "Interleukin-17-Mediated Control of Parasitemia in Experimental Trypanosoma congolense Infection in Mice." Infection and Immunity 78, no. 12 (2010): 5271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00168-10.

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ABSTRACT BALB/c mice are highly susceptible to experimental Trypanosoma congolense infections, whereas C57BL/6 mice are relatively resistant. Infected highly susceptible BALB/c mice die of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Because interleukin-17 (IL-17) and Th17 cells regulate inflammatory responses, we investigated their role in the pathogenesis of experimental African trypanosomiasis in mice. We show that the production of IL-17 by spleen and liver cells and the serum IL-17 level increased after T. congolense infection in mice. Interestingly, infected highly susceptible BALB/c mice pr

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