Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sugar activation

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Sugar activation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sugar activation"

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Kleczkowski, Leszek A., Daniel Decker, and Malgorzata Wilczynska. "UDP-Sugar Pyrophosphorylase: A New Old Mechanism for Sugar Activation." Plant Physiology 156, no. 1 (March 28, 2011): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.111.174706.

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Azam, Muhammad, Muhammad Anas, and Erniwati Erniwati. "Analisis Variasi Temperatur Aktivasi Terhadap Daya Serap Arang Aktif Tandan Aren (Arenga Pinnata Merr) Dengan Agen Aktivasi Potassium Silicate(K2SiO3)." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Fisika 5, no. 3 (August 27, 2020): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.36709/jipfi.v5i3.13803.

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This study aims to determine the effect of variation of activation temperature of activated carbon from sugar palm bunches of chemically activatied with the activation agent of potassium silicate (K2SiO3) on the adsorption capacity of iodine and methylene blue. Activated carbon from bunches of sugar palmacquired in four steps: preparationsteps, carbonizationstepsusing the pyrolysis reactor with temperature of 300 oC - 400 oC for 8 hours and chemical activation using of potassium silicate (K2SiO3) activator in weight ratio of 2: 1 and physical activation using the electric furnace for 30 minutes with temperature variation of600 oC, 650 oC, 700 oC, 750 oC and 800 oC. The iodine and methyleneblue adsorption testedby Titrimetric method and Spectrophotometry methodrespectively. The results of the adsorption of iodine and methylene blue activated carbon from sugar palm bunches increased from 240.55 mg/g and 63.14 mg/g at a temperature of 600 oC to achieve the highest adsorption capacity of 325.80 mg/g and 73.59 mg/g at temperature of 700 oC and decreased by 257.54 mg/g and 52.03 mg/g at a temperature of 800 oCrespectively.However, it does not meet to Indonesia standard (Standard Nasional Indonesia/SNI), which is 750 mg/g and 120 mg/g respectively.
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Andersen, C., M. Jordy, and R. Benz. "Evaluation of the rate constants of sugar transport through maltoporin (LamB) of Escherichia coli from the sugar-induced current noise." Journal of General Physiology 105, no. 3 (March 1, 1995): 385–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.105.3.385.

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LamB (maltoporin) of Escherichia coli outer membrane was reconstituted into artificial lipid bilayer membranes. The channel contains a binding site for sugars and is blocked for ions when the site is occupied by a sugar. The on and off reactions of sugar binding cause an increase of the noise of the current through the channel. The sugar-induced current noise of maltoporin was used for the evaluation of the sugar-binding kinetics for different sugars of the maltooligosaccharide series and for sucrose. The on rate constant for sugar binding was between 10(6) and 10(7) M-1.s-1 for the maltooligosaccharides and corresponds to the movement of the sugars from the aqueous phase to the central binding site. The off rate (corresponding to the release of the sugars from the channel) decreased with increasing number of glucose residues in the maltooligosaccharides from approximately 2,000 s-1 for maltotriose to 180 s-1 for maltoheptaose. The kinetics for sucrose movement was considerably slower. The activation energies of the stability constant and of the rate constants for sugar binding were evaluated from noise experiments at different temperatures. The role of LamB in the transport of maltooligosaccharides across the outer membrane is discussed.
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Souza, Hugo A. L., Thaís C. L. Souza, Alessandra S. Lopes, and Rosinelson S. Pena. "Production and Characterization of Sugary Cassava Syrup." International Journal of Food Engineering 9, no. 1 (June 8, 2013): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2012-0206.

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AbstractA group of cassava landraces that occur naturally in Amazonia (Manihot esculenta Crantz) are known as mandiocaba or sugary cassava because they have high free sugar content, making them a possible feedstock for the production of syrup. The objective of the study was to evaluate the technological viability of obtaining sugary cassava syrup and to characterize the physical and physicochemical properties of the product. The yield of the syrup (80 °Brix) obtained from the manipueira (liquid obtained by crushing and filtering the cassava) concentration was 262.72 g per plant. The reducing sugars represented 77.26% of total sugars, the density was 1.4210 g cm–3 at 20°C, and the volumetric expansion coefficient was 38.6 m K–1. The Newtonian behavior and activation energy (≥69.65 kJ gmol–1) were similar to that of honey found in the literature.
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Kleczkowski, Leszek A., and Daniel Decker. "Sugar Activation for Production of Nucleotide Sugars as Substrates for Glycosyltransferases in Plants." Journal of Applied Glycoscience 62, no. 2 (2015): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5458/jag.jag.jag-2015_003.

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Chen, Yi-Shih, Tuan-Hua David Ho, Lihong Liu, Ding Hua Lee, Chun-Hua Lee, Yi-Ru Chen, Shu-Yu Lin, Chung-An Lu, and Su-May Yu. "Sugar starvation-regulated MYBS2 and 14-3-3 protein interactions enhance plant growth, stress tolerance, and grain weight in rice." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 43 (October 8, 2019): 21925–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1904818116.

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Autotrophic plants have evolved distinctive mechanisms for maintaining a range of homeostatic states for sugars. The on/off switch of reversible gene expression by sugar starvation/provision represents one of the major mechanisms by which sugar levels are maintained, but the details remain unclear. α-Amylase (αAmy) is the key enzyme for hydrolyzing starch into sugars for plant growth, and it is induced by sugar starvation and repressed by sugar provision. αAmy can also be induced by various other stresses, but the physiological significance is unclear. Here, we reveal that the on/off switch of αAmy expression is regulated by 2 MYB transcription factors competing for the same promoter element. MYBS1 promotes αAmy expression under sugar starvation, whereas MYBS2 represses it. Sugar starvation promotes nuclear import of MYBS1 and nuclear export of MYBS2, whereas sugar provision has the opposite effects. Phosphorylation of MYBS2 at distinct serine residues plays important roles in regulating its sugar-dependent nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and maintenance in cytoplasm by 14-3-3 proteins. Moreover, dehydration, heat, and osmotic stress repress MYBS2 expression, thereby inducing αAmy3. Importantly, activation of αAmy3 and suppression of MYBS2 enhances plant growth, stress tolerance, and total grain weight per plant in rice. Our findings reveal insights into a unique regulatory mechanism for an on/off switch of reversible gene expression in maintaining sugar homeostatic states, which tightly regulates plant growth and development, and also highlight MYBS2 and αAmy3 as potential targets for crop improvement.
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Wang, Liangyu, Jie Di, Jun Nie, and Guiping Ma. "Multicomponent Doped Sugar-Coated Nanofibers for Peroxymonosulfate Activation." ACS Applied Nano Materials 2, no. 11 (October 14, 2019): 6998–7007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.9b01505.

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Ferrier, Robert J., and Richard H. Furneaux. "Activation of Sugar Hydroxyl Groups Prior to Glycosylation." Australian Journal of Chemistry 62, no. 6 (2009): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch09082.

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The hydroxyl groups of phenols and alcohols, including sugar alcohols, may be activated to make them more susceptible to glycosylation, but frequently activation is not formally carried out before such substitution. The present review considers methods that can be used to bring about hydroxyl group activation and thereby to facilitate glycosylation.
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Papantoni, Afroditi, and Kyle !Burger. "Increased Consumption of Sugar in Beverages Is Associated With Blunted Dopaminergic Brain Response to High Sugar Taste." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab049_027.

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Abstract Objectives The 2020 dietary guidelines specifically recommended a decrease in sugar intake. Reward-related, brain-based models of overeating and obesity suggest that increased intake of highly palatable foods is linked to decreased dopaminergic (striatal and prefrontal) brain functioning. This reduction acts to increase consumption of food to achieve pleasure. Here, we examined whether increased dietary intake of sugar and fat would be associated with increased activation in reward-related brain regions during anticipation of a sugar sweetened beverage (SSB), but decreased activation during SSB receipt. Methods Young adults (n = 100, age = 21.8 ± 2.4 y, BMI = 23.3 ± 3.5, 70% female) underwent an fMRI scan examining brain responses to receipt of a SSB, a tasteless rinse, and response cue-induced anticipation of these tastes. The Block Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess average dietary intake, % daily caloric intake from SSBs, sugar, sugar from SSBs and fat. These were correlated with whole-brain BOLD responses to SSB anticipation and receipt contrasts (e.g., SSB > rinse). Significance was corrected for multiple comparisons; pFWE < .05. Results Increased consumption of sugar calories from SSBs was correlated with decreased activity in regions associated with dopamine (posterior midbrain, dorsolateral/orbitofrontal cortices) and taste processing regions (postcentral gyrus) during receipt of SSB (> rinse). Conclusions These results directly support previous research (Burger & Stice 2012; AJCN) demonstrating that increased consumption of highly palatable foods is associated with reduced dopaminergic brain response during consumption specifically of those foods. Critically, we demonstrate these effects with SSBs which are far more widely consumed. Our results were specific to increased intake of sugar calories from SSBs and not total calories from SSBs or total sugar calories, suggesting that added sugars in these beverages have the potential to lead to altered frontostriatal brain responses. Funding Sources NIDDK R01DK112317.
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Nurlia, Nurlia, Muhammad Anas, and Erniwati Erniwati. "Analisis Variasi Temperatur Aktivasi Terhadap Struktur Kristalin Arang Aktif Dari Tandan Aren (Arenga Pinnata Merr) Dengan Agen Aktivasi Potassium Silicate (K2SiO3)." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Fisika 5, no. 4 (September 18, 2020): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.36709/jipfi.v5i4.14106.

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This study aims to determine the effect of variations of activation temperature of activated carbon from sugar palm bunches of chemically activatied with the activation agent of potassium silicate (K2SiO3) on the crystalline structure. Activated carbon is the result of pyrolysis of carbonaceous raw materials at temperatures lower than of 1000 oC. Activated carbon from bunches of sugar palm acquired in four steps: preparation steps, carbonization steps using the pyrolysis reactor with temperature of 300 oC - 400 oC for 8 hours and chemical activation using of potassium silicate (K2SiO3) activator in weight ratio of 2: 1 and physical activation using the electric furnace for 30 minutes with temperature variation of 600 oC, 650 oC, 700 oC, 750 oC and 800 oC. The crystalline structure tested by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) method, the results yielded of 26,60o, 26,62o, 26,16o, 26,22o, 26,97o, and 26,68o respectively. The highest crystalline structure yield was 22.26% at temperature of 600 oC and the lowest was 8.83% at temperature of 650 oC. The results obtained were amorphous 91.17% at the highest temperature of 650 oC and the lowest 77.74% at temperatur of 600 oC which has a random and irregular arrangement pattern of atoms or molecules repeatedly or not periodically.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sugar activation"

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Aulakh, Sukhwinder Singh. "Characterization of activation tagged potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) mutants." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77231.

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Generation and characterization of activation tagged potato mutants could aid in functional genomic studies. Morphological and molecular studies were conducted to compare potato cv. Bintje, its two mutants, underperformer (up), and nikku generated using the activation tagging vector pSKI074, and nikku revertant plants. Mutant up exhibited a dwarf phenotype (plant height 42 cm vs. 73 cm in cv. Bintje), abundant axillary shoot growth (3.1 shoots/plant compared to 0.7 shoots/plant in cv. Bintje; in vitro plants), greater tuber yield, altered tuber traits and early senescence compared to wild-type Bintje under in vitro conditions. Under in vivo conditions, the dwarf and early senescence phenotypes of the mutant were consistent, but the tuber yield of up was less (250 g/plant compared to 610 g/plant in wild-type Bintje) and had fewer axillary shoots compared to wild-type (1.9 shoots/plant in up vs. 4.7 shoots/plant in Bintje). Mutant nikku plants exhibited an extremely dwarf phenotype (plant height 2 cm in nikku vs. 6 cm in Bintje), had small hyponastic leaves, were rootless, and infrequently produced small tubers when compared to cv. Bintje. The overall nikku phenotype was suggestive of a constitutive stress response, which was further supported by the higher expression levels of several stress-responsive genes in nikku. The nikku revertant plants exhibited near normal stem elongation, larger leaves and consistent rooting, and it was a case of partial reversion. Southern blot analyses indicated the presence of single T-DNA insertions on chromosome 10 in the up and on chromosome 12 in the nikku mutant. The reversion in the nikku plants was not associated with the loss of enhancer copies from the original nikku mutant. Reverse transcriptase PCR analyses indicated transcriptional activation/repression of several genes in the up and nikku mutants, suggesting pleiotropic effects. In revertant, the expression levels of several genes which were differentially regulated in the nikku mutant were similar to Bintje. The gene immediately flanking the right border of the T-DNA insertion, which encoded a novel BTB/POZ (Broad complex, Tramtrac, Bric a brac; also known as Pox virus and Zinc finger) domain-containing protein, was highly up-regulated in the up mutant. This protein domain plays an important role in several important developmental, transcriptional and regulatory pathways. The mRNA-seq analyses resulted in 1,632 genes that were differentially expressed between mutant up and Bintje and the total number of up-regulated genes (661) were less than the number of genes down-regulated (971 genes) in the up mutant. Further analyses indicated that a variety of biological processes including decreased cell division, cell cycle activity, and abiotic stress responses were modified in the up mutant. In the nikku mutant, two potato genes, encoding an Acyl-CoA N-acyltransferases (NAT) superfamily protein, and a predicted major facilitator superfamily protein (MFS) were identified and overexpression lines Bintje/35S::NAT1 and Bintje/35S::PMT1 were created for recapitulation of the nikku mutant phenotype. Methylated DNA-PCR between the nikku and the revertant indicated a change in methylation status of the 35S enhancers, suggesting that the nikku revertant phenotype may be associated with some epigenetic modification.
Ph. D.
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Motsumori, Tomoyuki. "Thromboxane receptor activation enhances striatal dopamine release, leading to suppression of GABAergic transmission and enhanced sugar intake." Kyoto University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/152495.

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Decker, Daniel. "UDP-sugar metabolizing pyrophosphorylases in plants : formation of precursors for essential glycosylation-reactions." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysiologisk botanik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-134087.

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UDP-sugar metabolizing pyrophosphorylases provide the primary mechanism for de novo synthesis of UDP-sugars, which can then be used for myriads of glycosyltranferase reactions, producing cell wall carbohydrates, sucrose, glycoproteins and glycolipids, as well as many other glycosylated compounds. The pyrophosphorylases can be divided into three families: UDP-Glc pyrophosphorylase (UGPase), UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase (USPase) and UDP-N-acety lglucosamine pyrophosphorylase (UAGPase), which can be discriminated both by differences in accepted substrate range and amino acid sequences. This thesis focuses both on experimental examination (and re-examination) of some enzymatic/ biochemical properties of selected members of the UGPases and USPases and UAGPase families and on the design and implementation of a strategy to study in vivo roles of these pyrophosphorylases using specific inhibitors. In the first part, substrate specificities of members of the Arabidopsis UGPase, USPase and UAGPase families were comprehensively surveyed and kinetically analyzed, with barley UGPase also further studied with regard to itspH dependency, regulation by oligomerization, etc. Whereas all the enzymes preferentially used UTP as nucleotide donor, they differed in their specificity for sugar-1-P. UGPases had high activity with D-Glc-1-P, but could also react with Frc-1-P, whereas USPase reacted with arange of sugar-1-phosphates, including D-Glc-1-P, D-Gal-1-P, D-GalA-1-P, β-L-Ara-1-P and α-D-Fuc-1-P. In contrast, UAGPase2 reacted only with D-GlcNAc-1-P, D-GalNAc-1-P and, to some extent, with D-Glc-1-P. A structure activity relationship was established to connect enzyme activity, the examined sugar-1-phosphates and the three pyrophosphorylases. The UGPase/USPase/UAGPase active sites were subsequently compared in an attempt to identify amino acids which may contribute to the experimentally determined differences in substrate specificities. The second part of the thesis deals with identification and characterization of inhibitors of the pyrophosphorylases and with studies on in vivo effects of those inhibitors in Arabidopsis-based systems. A novel luminescence-based high-throughput assay system was designed, which allowed for quantitative measurement of UGPase and USPase activities, down to a pmol per min level. The assay was then used to screen a chemical library (which contained 17,500 potential inhibitors) to identify several compounds affecting UGPase and USPase. Hit-optimization on one of the compounds revealed even stronger inhibitors of UGPase and USPase which also strongly inhibited Arabidopsis pollen germination, by disturbing UDP-sugar metabolism. The inhibitors may represent useful tools to study in vivo roles of the pyrophosphorylases, as a complement to previous genetics-based studies. The thesis also includes two review papers on mechanisms of synthesis of NDP-sugars. The first review covered the characterization of USPase from both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, whereas the second review was a comprehensive survey of NDP-sugar producing enzymes (not only UDP-sugar producing and not only pyrophosphorylases). All these enzymes were discussed with respect to their substrate specificities and structural features (if known) and their proposed in vivo functions.
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Lam, Julia, and Sandip Vekariya. "The relation between salivary suPAR and arthritis in the temporomandibular joint." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19710.

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Syfte: Att utreda sambandet mellan den lösliga formen av urokinas-receptorn (suPAR) i saliv hos patienter med artrit i käkleden (A-TMJ) och friska kontroller, för att skapa en grund för vidare forskning av suPAR som prediktor för inflammationsgraden i käkleden hos patienter med A-TMJ.Material och metod: En fall-kontrollstudie utfördes med 6 kontroller (medelåldern 31±11år) och 5 patienter med A-TMJ (medelåldern 24±5år). Undersökningen bestod av salivprov, registrering av blödning vid sondering (BoP), blodprovstagning, och undersökning av tuggsystemet där antalet smärtsamma käkledsrörelser (PM) mättes. Sist samlades käkledvätska in. Halten suPAR analyserades i saliv, plasma och käkledsvätska. Resultat: En signifikant skillnad mellan suPAR i saliv kunde ej påvisas (A-TMJ 4,4±3,91ng/ml, kontroller 4,96±4,80ng/ml), emellertid hade patienter en signifikant högre halt av suPAR i plasma (A-TMJ 2,71±0,62ng/ml, kontroller: 1,86±0,35ng/ml, P=0,017). Halten av suPAR i käkledsvätska mättes till 1,57±1,50ng/ml hos patienter men kunde inte detekteras hos kontroller. BoP mättes till 16±9% hos patienter och 14±7% hos kontroller, och median(IQR) för PM var 3(1) i höger käkled och 0(3) i vänster käkled hos patienter. Slutsatser: (i) Ingen slutsats kan dras gällande sambandet mellan suPAR i saliv och A-TMJ, men (ii) patienter med A-TMJ har till viss mån en högre smärta i käkleden vid käkledsrörelse medan deras koncentration av suPAR i plasma är högre jämfört med friska kontroller. Det verkar som (iii) BoP skulle kunna vara kopplat till suPAR i saliv. Resultat från denna studie bör tolkas med försiktighet på grund av litet stickprov, fortsatt forskning behövs för att klargöra sambandet mellan suPAR i saliv och A-TMJ.
Aims: To investigate the levels of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in saliva between patients with arthritis in the temporomandibular joint (A-TMJ) and healthy controls to create a foundation for further research of the potential predictive value of suPAR in patients with A-TMJ.Materials and method: A case- control study was conducted, 6 controls (mean age 31±11years) and 5 patients with A-TMJ (mean age 24±5years) enrolled in the study. Saliva, blood, synovial fluid (SF) were sampled, and the masticatory system was examined according to DC/TMD, and bleeding on probing (BoP) was assessed, as was painful mandibular movement (PM). The level of suPAR was analyzed in saliva, plasma and SF.Results: Level of salivary suPAR did not differ significantly between A-TMJ patients and healthy controls (P > 0.05). Patients had a significantly higher level of suPAR in plasma than controls (A-TMJ 2.71±0.62ng/mL, controls: 1.86±0.35ng/mL, P=0.017). suPAR level in SF was measured to 1.57±1.50ng/mL in A-TMJ patients and not detected in controls. BoP was 16±9% in patients and 14±7% in controls, and median(IQR) of PM was 3(1) in the right TMJ and 0(3) in the left in patients.Conclusions: (i) No conclusion can be drawn regarding suPAR in saliva and A-TMJ, but (ii) to some degree A-TMJ patients have higher PM meanwhile their plasma concentration of suPAR is higher than controls. A trend that (iii) higher BoP is connected with higher suPAR in saliva could be distinguished. Results must be interpreted with caution due to small study sample, more research is required to further elucidate the association between suPAR in saliva and A-TMJ.
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Smith, Anélda. "Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and cardiovascular function in African and Caucasian populations : the SAfrEIC study / Anélda Smith." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4950.

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Motivation Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a known inflammatory marker, which is found in various body fluids. SuPAR reflects the immune and pro–inflammatory status of patients caused by HIV and tuberculosis, amongst others. However, recent studies have shown that suPAR is related to cardiovascular function. The cardiovascular health of the black South African population is a major health concern as this group suffers mostly from hypertension and stroke, leading to an alarming increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. SuPAR may be able to contribute to early detection and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. No studies regarding the associations of suPAR with cardiovascular function have been investigated on black South Africans. Objectives To investigate suPAR as a possible marker of cardiovascular function in African and Caucasian men and women, by determining possible gender and ethnic–specific associations of suPAR with cardiovascular function. Methodology There were 207 African and 314 Caucasian men and women (aged 20–79 yrs.) included in this study. High–sensitivity C–reactive protein, glucose, lipids and creatinine were determined in fasting serum and suPAR was analyzed in plasma samples. Blood pressure was measured using the OMRON apparatus (HEM–747), with a 5–min rest interval between measurements. The Finometer device was used to determine the Windkessel compliance and the carotid dorsalis–pedis pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured with the Complior (SP acquisition system) on the left side of each subject in the supine position. The means, adjusted means and proportions were compared between the groups by using independent t–tests, analysis of co–variance and the chi–square test, respectively. Associations were investigated between cardiovascular variables and suPAR using single and multiple regression analyses with either pulse wave velocity, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure or Windkessel compliance as dependent variable. Covariates included were age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, glucose and high–density lipoprotein cholesterol. Results and conclusion SuPAR levels were significantly higher in Africans (P<0.001) compared to Caucasians. After adjusting for body mass index, suPAR increased significantly with age in all groups, except for African women. Moreover, the suPAR levels of African men and women were significantly higher than the Caucasians within each age quartile. While adjusting for age and body mass index, the cardiovascular profiles of the African and Caucasian men were less favourable compared to women, but suPAR levels were significantly higher in Caucasian women compared to men. In single regression, various measures of cardiovascular function correlated with suPAR in African men and Caucasian men and women. After adjusting for confounders the associations disappeared in Caucasian women, and remained nonsignificant in the African women. However, the association between PWV and suPAR remained significant in African men (B=0.19; P=0.030), while the association of systolic blood pressure (B=0.20; P=0.017), diastolic blood pressure (B=0.17; P=0.020) and Windkessel compliance (B=–0.14; P=0.004) with suPAR remained significant in Caucasian men. In conclusion, Africans presented higher suPAR levels compared to Caucasians, even when stratified by age. Gender specific associations indicated that suPAR was associated with arterial stiffness in African and Caucasian men only, therefore, indicating that suPAR could be a possible biomarker for predicting cardiovascular dysfunction.
Thesis (M.Sc. (Physiology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Rodrigo-Peiris, Thushani. "Unraveling the Functions of Plant Ran GTPase-Activating Protein (RanGAP) by T-DNA Mutant Analysis and Investigation of Molecular Interactions of Tandem Zinc Finger 1 (TZF1) in Arabidopsis thaliana." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343796551.

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Chiang, Chao-Cheng, and 姜昭成. "Discussion on Activation and Reuse Strategy to Taiwan Sugar Corporation Qiaotou Sugar Factory." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fg686c.

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碩士
崑山科技大學
房地產開發與管理研究所
106
The sugar industry has a very important position in the history of economic development for Taiwan and it was the main source of income for governmental foreign exchange.In response to the shrinking of the sugar industry, in line with the government's preservation of cultural assets and the development of tourist policies and effectively transfer unused manpower .Taiwan Sugar Corporation gradually transformed its plant closure into a tourist attraction.In this study, Kaohsiung Qiaotou sugar factory as an example. According the project be allowed using by the currently relevant provisions and the market environment is more suitably for developing industry types under the principle to evaluate then recommend the possibly strategies. The research was collected through the relevant literature,summarized and the corresponded strategic approach.Through the AHP experts and scholars questionnaire, sorted out the weights of the evaluation factor index for the activation and reuse strategy. And analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the internal environmental conditions of Qiaotou sugar factory and the opportunities and threats of the external environmental conditions. After discussing the relative relevance between the two,then according to their contribution, we will introduce the three strategic solutions of "WenchuangPark", "CircularEconomyPark" and "Environmental Education Venue" to be developed in this study. Confirm the best development strategy, As Kaohsiung Qiaotou sugar factory activation and reuse strategy reference. Research shows that the "Cultural and Creative Park" is the top priority for development, followed by the strategy of ‘Circular Economy Park’ and ‘Environmental Education Venue’.But if taking corporate social value in consideration,the strategy of ‘Circular Economy Park’ should take the priority.
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JHANG, JING-FAN, and 張景帆. "Regression Trees for Idle Land Activation of Taiwan Sugar Corporation: A Case Study of Kaohsiung District." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b8nkxe.

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碩士
長榮大學
土地管理與開發學系碩士班
107
Since the establishment of the Taiwan Sugar Corporation (TSC) in 1946, with the trend of economic and trade liberalization competition, in addition to the transformation of the diversified operation and Sugar, Biotechnology, Agriculture, Petroleum, Livestock, Leisure, Marketing, and Hypermarket Business Divisions were established. In addition to the eight business divisions, the land is also released in line with government policies. In the future, TSC will continue to plan overall land utilization efforts, activate idle assets in a diversified manner, and collaborate with the government’s land resource requirement policies in order to drive local prosperity and increase the value of its land assets. The main purpose of this study is to collect the land management and utilization situation of the Kaohsiung District of TSC and to explore the characteristics of the unused land that has not been planned for use. The land activated by open tendering is used as research data, and the R software Rattle is used to conduct decision tree analysis, generate decision rules, and predict the activation mode of idle land that is not planned for use. The results of the study show that the activation and utilization of land in Kaohsiung District is based on the establishment of land rights, rental and green beautification. The unused land that is not planned for use is mostly residential, irregular, unreachable and small in size. The main factors affecting land activation are the rate of construction, the type of taxation and the status of use before rental. Not every land is suitable for activation by the establishment of land rights and the maximum use efficiency. The method of activation and utilization of idle land predicted by the study can be used as a reference for the TSC in Kaohsiung District to avoid wasting labor costs for inappropriate land planning.
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CHIANG, SHIH-MING, and 蔣世明. "A Study on the re-use of Sugar Refinery historic site and Analysis of land use activation strategy — the Case Study of Chiao-Tou Sugar Refinery." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17432701214626159156.

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碩士
國立高雄大學
政治法律學系碩士班
105
Abstract This study investigated the activation and re-use sugar cultural assets. From the relevant cases, to understand the status of its re-use and management, and the Sugar Museum Cultural and Creative Park as a case study, from the historical evolution, architectural characteristics, as well as the management of sugar companies to explore their status and problems of re-use, With a view to providing future reference for the re-use of cultural assets. In this paper, the business model of Hualien Sugar Factory Japanese Chalet Hotel and the subordinate business model of ten drum culture area in Rende sugar factory are analyzed by two kinds of management methods, combined with the creation of culture and art, Business strategy, the formation of unique characteristics of sugar industry, in order to achieve the goal of space activation and sustainable management. Bridge Aberdeen Sugar Factory will be the cultural relics of the park to do the transformation and re-use of the idea, with "A - Central Administrative Region" monuments guided field, "B-2-Sugar Factory Site" recreational space field, "C-1 Sugar Storage Area" theme art exhibition space field, "C-2 dormitory area" Japanese-style wooden house, by the region to create a comprehensive development and reuse, so that the bridge Aberdeen candy incarnation to become a theme of the cultural garden of the candy. To further cooperate with local tourism resources, to provide large recreational recreational activities, active leisure tourism industry. The research process is based on case studies, current situation investigation and other different ways to collect information, summed up the current situation implied problems and issues, sugar plant after the transformation of the plant structure has been with the economic structure of the conversion, the focus of space development shift from the production area To the special space； The original function, the spatial characteristic, the use scale and the location distribution are the main consideration factors which affect the asset reuse of the factory; However, the use of space similar to the nature of the re-use of assets in the form of stereotypes, the effect of easy to produce, and so on, resulting in some of the use of sugar plant has not yet effectively use, Through the exploration of Hualien Sugar Factory and Rende Sugar Factory ten drum culture Chong Park successful business model, emphasizing the integration of resources, the overall community to create, focusing on the overall use of space development, experience the concept of economic sustainable, multiple re-use strategy is bridgehead Sugar companies want to continue to improve the direction of transformation.
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Chen, Chu-Chen, and 陳志成. "The Analysis of the Activating Strategies of the LandOwned by Taiwan Sugar Corporation." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87dpqe.

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碩士
義守大學
管理碩博士班
102
The goals of land management are, firstly to efficiently use land resources, and secondly to increase income and make profit from the lands for landlord. So how to activate the use of land by differentiating use of the land according to the different characteristics of each individual lot has become the important vision of the future on the subject of activation of land assets. Taiwan Sugar Corporation (TSC) owns enormous land assets, in order to use her land efficiently, and to explore the potential profits out of the lands for the landowner, the task of activation of her lands has become critically important and need immediate resolutions. The progressive land tax rate on TSC’s lands is currently at the top of 5.5 % of the land value yearly, and the paid land tax for the year of 2012 had scarily reached NT$1,557 million. So TSC, except for the responsibility of passively preserving her lands, in order to reduce the burden of the land tax, and also to more aggressively explore the profits of her lands. The task of activation of land assets has become eminent. Because TSC is a state-owned enterprise by laws definition, the lease, sale and any other business activities are all heavily regulated by“Administrative Law of State-Owned Enterprise”. And every business action needs to be processed by fixed administrative procedure. So TSC, under heavy bondage of administrative laws and regulations, how to clarify and plan possible core business development and profit making strategies for the lands and also for the diversified businesses inside TSC becomes the key points of the study on the land management of TSC. This study will use the cases of the　Kaohsiung Land Management District Office, by data collecting, and survey of experts’ opinions, to analyze the trends of land management of the Kaohsiung Land Management District Office, and to affirm the decisive elements affecting the land management policies, including politics, economics, government polices, funding demands, country land protection, strategic development. The results of the study show that the choices of the land activation of the Kaohsiung Land Management District Office are, firstly developing various uses by herself, secondly leasing-out, and lastly sale-out. The 6 sub-choices under developing use by herself are superficies, leasing, trust, securitization, join-developing, mandated developing. And among those sub-choices, the priorities of activation are firstly superficies, then leasing and securitization, and lastly join-developing, trust and mandated developing.
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Books on the topic "Sugar activation"

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Dalbeth, Nicola. Epidemiology. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198748311.003.0003.

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The aetiopathogenesis of gout is initiated by urate overproduction and uric acid under-excretion, leading to hyperuricaemia. Foods such as seafood, red meat, beer, and sugar-sweetened beverages contribute to overproduction. Under-excretion is mediated by renal and gut uric acid transporters such as SLC2A9, ABCG2, and URAT1. In hyperurcaemia, there is formation of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in joints, with acute gouty arthritis mediated by the innate immune system occurring in response to these crystals. Factors such as urate concentration, proteins present in synovial fluid, temperature, and pH control crystal nucleation and growth. Activation of the inflammasome by MSU crystals and production of interleukin-1ß‎ is central to acute gouty arthritis. Advanced gout occurs when there is persistent gouty arthritis and tophus with the tophus being an organized immune tissue response to MSU crystals that involves both innate and adaptive immune cells. Progression through the gout checkpoints (hyperuricaemia, MSU crystal formation, and immune response) is governed by inherited genetic variants, lifetime environmental exposures, and their interaction.
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Book chapters on the topic "Sugar activation"

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Bacchi, Márcio Arruda, and Elisabete A. De Nadai Fernandes. "Evaluation of the Washing System Efficiency in Sugar Cane Mills by Neutron Activation Analysis." In Nuclear Analytical Methods in the Life Sciences 1994, 663–68. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6025-5_76.

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Pitié, Marguerite, Geneviève Pratviel, Jean Bernadou, and Bernard Meunier. "Characterization of Page Bands from 3′-Labeled Short DNA Fragments Resulting from Oxidative Cleavage by “Mn-TMPyP/KHSO5”. Drastic Modifications of Band Migrations by 5′-End Sugar Residues." In The Activation of Dioxygen and Homogeneous Catalytic Oxidation, 333–46. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3000-8_24.

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Paul, Rakhi, Madhumita Dandopath Patra, and Udayaditya Sen. "Crystal Structure of Apo and Ligand Bound Vibrio cholerae Ribokinase (Vc-RK): Role of Monovalent Cation Induced Activation and Structural Flexibility in Sugar Phosphorylation." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 293–307. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11280-0_19.

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Reiser, Jochen, and Nada Alachkar. "Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis." In Molecular Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome, 143–54. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55270-3_9.

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Di Domizio, Alessandro, and Francesco Peri. "Sugar-Based Inhibitors of Ras Activation." In Inhibitors of the Ras Superfamily G-proteins, Part A, 95–116. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-416749-0.00005-1.

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Kirby, Benjamin C. "Chemical Sourcing of Afro-Antiguan Ware from Betty’s Hope Plantation." In An Archaeology and History of a Caribbean Sugar Plantation on Antigua, edited by Georgia L. Fox, 177–92. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683401285.003.0011.

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This chapter discusses Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) for Afro-Antiguan and industrial ceramics excavated at Betty’s Hope plantation. Chemical analysis of the ceramics from Betty’s Hope shows that the enslaved potters of the plantation had a high degree of agency with regard to the ceramic industry. Additionally, the potters had complete control over all aspects of the production from sourcing the clay to utilizing the ceramics. While the redwares examined mostly came from an external source and originally were thought to be industrial and related to sugar production, some of them were produced locally at Betty’s Hope. The locally produced redwares could be industrial but also could represent an effort to create a unique community identity.
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B. Stentz, Frankie. "Hyperglycemia- and Hyperlipidemia-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress through Human T Lymphocytes and Human Aortic Endothelial Cells (HAEC)." In Sugar Intake - Risks and Benefits and the Global Diabetes Epidemic. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94427.

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Approximately 65% of patients with T2DM die as a result of cardiovascular disease with hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia being important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Both T2DM and atherosclerosis are considered to be inflammatory processes Human T-lymphocytes (T-cells) and aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) have been shown to be components of plaque formation in atherosclerosis. T cells and HAEC are unique in that in their naive state they have no insulin receptors responsive to insulin but become activated in vitro hyperglycemia and in vivo hyperglycemic conditions such as diabetic ketoacidosis and non-ketotic hyperglycemic conditions. Our studies show that T-cells and HAEC in the presence of high concentrations of glucose /and or the saturated fatty acid (SFA) palmitic acid become activated and express insulin receptors, reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytokine elevation, and lipid peroxidation in a time and concentration-dependent manner. Whereas, the unsaturated fatty acid α-linoleic, was not able to activate these cells and had a salutary effect on the activation by glucose and palmitic acid. We have demonstrated that unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) may provide a protective mechanism against the prooxidant effects of hyperglycemia and high SFA such as palmitic acid. Therefore, diet alternations may be beneficial for decreasing hyperglycemia and cardiovascular risks. Studies have shown that lifestyle changes of diet and exercise can reduce the risk of developing diabetes by 58%. Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are important risk factors of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, we studied the effects of a High Protein diet versus a High Carbohydrate diet in obese non-diabetic, prediabetic and diabetic subjects for effects on weight loss, blood sugar, lipid levels, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
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Babu, Srinivasarao Arulananda, Rayavarapu Padmavathi, Sonam Suwasia, Arup Dalal, Debabrata Bhattacharya, Prabhakar Singh, and Radha Tomar. "Recent developments on the synthesis of functionalized carbohydrate/sugar derivatives involving the transition metal–catalyzed C–H activation/C–H functionalization." In Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, 311–99. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-91095-8.00001-5.

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Lachmann, Robin H. "Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 1677–83. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.1250.

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Many disorders of carbohydrate metabolism are characterized by hypoglycaemia and attacks of neuroglycopenia. Hypoglycaemia can also be caused by disorders affecting the use of other fuels, such as those producing fatty acids and ketone bodies which are important alternative sources of energy. Thus when investigating a patient with hypoglycaemia it is necessary to investigate not only pathways that provide glucose directly, but also those which spare glucose utilization and thus provide defence mechanisms when carbohydrate energy sources become depleted. The defence mechanisms that are activated during fasting to preserve blood glucose are: ◆ glycogenolysis—glucose liberation from glycogen degradation ◆ gluconeogenesis—glucose production from pyruvate/lactate and from noncarbohydrate sources such as glucogenic amino acids and glycerol ◆ fatty acid β‎-oxidation—catabolism of triglycerides to acetyl-CoA and ketone bodies The interrelation between these glucose generating pathways is shown in Fig. 12.3.1.1. Although there is much overlap, the activation of these defence mechanisms during fasting is sequential. The first defence mechanism, glycogenolysis, is exhausted within 8–12 h of fasting. The second and third defence mechanisms provide glucose once glycogen stores have been depleted. In a patient with glycogen storage disease (GSD) where glycogenolysis is blocked, gluconeogenesis and fatty acid oxidation are activated immediately on fasting and can only maintain normoglycaemia for a few hours. In patients with defects affecting gluconeogenesis or fatty acid oxidation, hypoglycaemia does not occur until glycogen stores have been depleted. When more than one pathway is affected, as in GSD I, where neither glycogenolysis nor gluconeogenesis can release glucose into the circulation, patients can be entirely dependent on oral carbohydrate intake to maintain normoglycaemia. These pathways are also susceptible to hormonal influences. Insulin in particular inhibits all three pathways and stimulates some enzymes of the reverse pathways: glycogen synthesis, glycolysis, and fatty acid synthesis. Therefore hyperinsulinaemia of whatever cause leads to severe hypoglycaemia which is resistant to treatment. Other hormones, such as glucagon, adrenaline, and growth hormone, also activate some enzymes of glucose homoeostasis, though less markedly. This is discussed elsewhere. The metabolism of the other monosaccharides, galactose and fructose, is connected with that of glucose. As well as causing hypoglycaemia, inherited defects that affect the metabolism of these sugars lead to the accumulation of toxic metabolites which also contribute to pathology (see below).
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Conference papers on the topic "Sugar activation"

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Fedorova, O. A., and N. V. Bezler. "Influence of bacteria of the genus Azospirillum on sugar beet productivity." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.072.

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Fawole, Olutosin, Kushagra Sinha, and Massood Tabib-Azar. "Monitoring yeast activation with sugar and zero-calorie sweetener using terahertz waves." In 2015 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2015.7370322.

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Rodriguéz, Catalina, and Gerardo Gordillo. "Sugar Cane Bagasse Gasification Using Air-Steam for Partial Oxidation and N2 as Carrier Gas." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-69912.

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Several technologies have been proposed to reduce the environmental impact caused by greenhouse emissions (CO2) from fossil fuel combustion processes. One of them is the use of biomass as feedstock in gasification processes. Biomass fuels which include energy crops, agricultural and forestry residues, and municipal, industrial, and animal wastes can serve as renewable feedstock for thermal gasification to produce gaseous and liquid fuels. The inclusion of biomass as feedstock in thermal conversion processes does not increase the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere because biomass is a carbon neutral fuel. The sugarcane agriculture industry around the world produces a great amount of wastes, e.g., only in Colombia about 9 million tons of bagasse wastes are produced per year. That great amount of bagasse wastes can cause pollution of natural sources (land, water, and air) if waste handling systems and storage and treatment structures are not properly managed. If thermal gasification technology is developed for sugarcane bagasse wastes (SCBW), the negative environmental impact from both SCBW and fossil-fuels could be mitigated. The current paper deals with i) SCBW adiabatic gasification modeling using air-steam blends for partial oxidation and ii) pyrolysis kinetic model to determine, by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the SCBW activation energy (E). The Chemical Equilibrium with Applications program (CEA), developed by NASA, was used to estimate the effect of both the equivalence ratio (ER) and steam to fuel ratio (S:F) on adiabatic temperature, gas quality (gas composition and energy density), and energy recovery of an unlimited number of species (∼150). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out using N2 as carrier gas and under different heating rates (β: 5, 10, 20, and 40 °C/min). The activation energy (E) was estimated based in the results from TGA and using the isoconversional method (i.e., free-model). In general for the range of parameters studied (0.3<S:F<0.8 and 2<ER<6), the results from equilibrium adiabatic modeling (CEA) showed that increasing ER and (S:F) ratios increases the production of H2 and CO2 but decreases the production of CO. At ER <4, the equilibrium temperature decreases with increased ER, but at ER > ∼ 4.0, it remains stable. The production of CH4 is only possible at ER>4. The average value of the activation energy, estimated from the kinetics model, was 266 kJ/kmol.
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Conconi, Charles C., Aníbal G. Machado, Jazon Barros, Bernard Muffato Pereira, Rogério Piva Cortezi, and Paula Manoel Crnkovic. "Correlation between Apparent Activation Energy and NOx Emission of Renewable Diesel from Sugar Cane, Biodiesel, Fossil Diesel and their Blends." In 22nd SAE Brasil International Congress and Display. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-36-0249.

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Jørgensen, Ditte Vendelbo, Nina Skalvan Godtfredsen, Kristoffer Marsaa, Charlotte Suppli Ulrik, Ove Andersen, Jesper Eugen-Olsen, and Line Jee Hartmann Rasmussen. "Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) predicts mortality in exacerbated COPD." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.oa2142.

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Gardai, Shyra J., Angela Epp, Germein Linares, Lori Westendorf, May Sutherland, Haley Neff-LaFord, Stanford L. Peng, and Che-Leung Law. "Abstract 2472: SEA-CD40, a sugar engineered non-fucosylated anti-CD40 antibody with improved immune activating capabilities." In Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-2472.

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Arnold, DT, FW Hamilton, KT Elvers, N. Zahan-Evans, and NA Maskell. "S14 The role of soluble urokinase plasminogen activating receptor (suPAR) in parapneumonic effusions." In British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2019, QEII Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE, 4 to 6 December 2019, Programme and Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2019-btsabstracts2019.20.

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Håkansson, Kjell Erik Julius, Charlotte Suppli Ulrik, Nina Skavlan Godtfredsen, Thomas Kallemose, Ove Andersen, Jesper Eugen-Olsen, Kristoffer Marsaa, and Line J. H. Rasmussen. "Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is associated with COPD readmission and mortality." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.oa1940.

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Loosen, S., A. Breuer, F. Tacke, C. Trautwein, T. Longerich, C. Roderburg, UP Neumann, and T. Luedde. "Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) predicts outcome after resection of biliary tract cancer." In 36. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Arbeitsgemeinschaft zum Studium der Leber. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3402235.

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van Oort, Pouline M. P., Lieuwe D. Bos, Pedro Povoa, Paula Ramirez, Antonio Torres, Antonio Artigas, Marcus J. Schultz, and Ignacio Martin-Loeches. "Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) for the prediction of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa2607.

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