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Manhães, Carmen Maria Coimbra, Ricardo Ferreira Garcia, Delorme Correa Júnior, Francisco Maurício Alves Francelino, Cristóbal Soto Solano, and Helenilson Oliveira Francelino. "Operational Consumption of fuel of a sugar cane harvester." Revista Vértices 20, no. 2 (2018): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.19180/1809-2667.v20n22018p171-179.
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Studies have shown that using higher operational capacity harvesters render less fuel consumption per harvested area and, as a result, less operating expenses. This paper aims to obtain the effective fuel consumption per hour of the CASE IH A4000 harvester during the mechanical harvest of raw sugar cane. The study took place in a sugar cane plantation with mechanical harvest in an area belonging to a producer for Coagro (Cooperativa Agroindustrial do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Ltda.) (Agroindustrial Cooperative of the State of Rio de Janeiro), in the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro/Brazil. The variety of sugar cane was evaluated at RB867515 in its third cut. The system of automatic data acquisition was built from a volumetric flow sensor to determine the fuel flow, in addition to a data collector (Datalogger) and a global positioning system (GPS) device. To determine the fuel consumption per hour, data from the fuel flow sensor were used. The consumption per hour of fuel was 33.9 L.h-1. The effective consumption was estimated in 1.84 L. ton-1. The consumption per hour and the effective consumption of the CASE IH A4000 were more than double of what the manufacturers stipulated, which means, the consumption is much higher than desirable.
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McCarthy, Stuart, and John Billingsley. "A sensor for the sugar cane harvester topper." Sensor Review 22, no. 3 (2002): 242–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602280210433089.
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Danilo, Sim otilde es, Gustavo Santin Luis, and Torres Fenner Paulo. "Ergonomic characterization of three sugar cane harvester machinery models." African Journal of Agricultural Research 11, no. 8 (2016): 724–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2015.10695.
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Hu, Xiu Chi, Lan Xia Zheng, Yang Yuan, and Meng Lian. "Simulation Study on Bad Cutting State Criterion of Sugar Cane." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.235.
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Bad cutting state of sugar cane is a most situation in sugar cane cutting process, which seriously affects the cutting performance of sugarcane harvester and its promotion. According to the fourth strength theory, through finite element analysis software ANSYS, the mechanical simulation analysis on bad cutting state of cane was done. And through regression analysis on simulation results by software SPSS, the criterion of bad cutting state of sugarcane was obtained.
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R. Sam and P. Ridd. "Sugar Cane Harvester Base-cutter Height Sensing Using Electromagnetic Induction Technology." Transactions of the ASAE 39, no. 6 (1996): 2291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.27739.
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Narimoto, Lidiane Regina, and João Alberto Camarotto. "How do users design? The case of sugar cane harvester machines." Work 57, no. 3 (2017): 421–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-172574.
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Baio, Fábio Henrique Rojo. "Evaluation of an auto-guidance system operating on a sugar cane harvester." Precision Agriculture 13, no. 1 (2011): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11119-011-9241-6.
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Kroes, S., and H. D. Harris. "A Kinematic Model of the Dual Basecutter of a Sugar Cane Harvester." Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 62, no. 3 (1995): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jaer.1995.1074.
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Higgins, A. J., M. A. Haynes, R. C. Muchow, and D. B. Prestwidge. "Developing and implementing optimised sugarcane harvest schedules through participatory research." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 55, no. 3 (2004): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03172.
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The Australian sugar industry saw opportunities for increasing productivity and hence whole- of-industry profitability through optimising the harvest date of sugarcane, accounting for geographical and crop differences in cane yield and the sugar content of cane for different harvest dates throughout the harvesting season. Research scientists engaged in participatory research with 3 case-study mill regions to construct the models needed to produce these optimised harvest schedules. Average potential gains of up to AU$119/ha at a sugar price of AU$250/t were shown and the case study regions were keen to pilot the schedules. This paper focusses on the development of a pathway to pilot implementation and evaluation through collaboration with growers, harvester contractors, and millers collectively. We developed: strategies to overcome implementation barriers; the design of the pilot scheme; software tools; and an evaluation strategy of pilot study results to provide proof-of-concept and encourage further uptake. With the development of this pathway, pilot implementation took place during the 2000 and 2001 harvest seasons for about 200 farms. Action learning methodologies were applied to improve the scheme for the 2001 season. Most growers and millers who followed the optimised schedules closely, achieved gains of up to AU$200/ha, with the Maryborough Sugar Factory estimating a gain of AU$34 000 for their crop. Although optimised harvest schedules were implemented by only a small percentage of growers in each of the case study regions, there is growing adoption throughout the sugar industry.
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Shikanai, Takeshi, and Senlin Guan. "Recording Operation of Sugar Cane Harvester and Analysis of Working Efficiency by Digital Tachograph System." Agricultural Information Research 24, no. 4 (2015): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3173/air.24.101.
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Martins, Murilo Battistuzzi, Kléber Pereira Lanças, Maria Márcia Pereira Sartori, and João Vitor Paulo Testa. "CONSUMO DE COMBUSTÍVEL DA COLHEITA MECANIZADA DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR EM DIFERENTES VELOCIDADES DE DESLOCAMENTO E ROTAÇÕES DO EXTRATOR PRIMÁRIO." ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA 32, no. 2 (2017): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.17224/energagric.2017v32n2p115-119.
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Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o consumo de combustível da colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar em diferentes velocidades de deslocamento e rotações do extrator primário. O experimento foi conduzido em um canavial colhido sem queima prévia, com a cana-de-açúcar da variedade CTC 15, em seu primeiro estágio de corte e com porte classificado como ereto. O espaçamento entre fileiras foi de 1,5m e a produtividade agrícola média da cultura de 92,5 t ha-1. A colhedora de cana-de-açúcar utilizada foi a de uma linha, operando em três velocidades de deslocamento, sendo V1 (3,0 km h-1), a velocidade V2 (5,0 km h-1) e V3 (7,0 km h-1). Foram utilizadas duas rotações do extrator primário, sendo a R1 de 700 rpm e R2 de 1000 rpm. No experimento foi avaliado o consumo de combustível da colhedora com o uso de fluxômetros assim como o desempenho da mesma. A capacidade de campo efetiva (ha h-1) e o consumo horário efetivo de combustível (L h-1) foram maiores, com o aumento da velocidade de deslocamento da colhedora de cana-de-açúcar e com o aumento da rotação do extrator primário. O estudo mostrou que com o aumento da velocidade de deslocamento da colhedora diminuiu o consumo de combustível por tonelada de cana-de-açúcar colhida (L t-1).PALAVRAS-CHAVE: desempenho; rendimento operacional; avaliação; mecanização. FUEL CONSUMPTION OF SUGARCANE MECHANIZED HERVESTING UNDER PRIMARY EXTRACTOR DIFFERENT SHIFTING SPEEDS AND SPINSABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the fuel consumption of mechanized harvesting of sugar cane under different speeds of displacement and rotation of the primary extractor. The experiment was conducted in a sugar cane variety CTC 15 in its first cutting stage and size classified as erect, harvested without burning. The row spacing was 1.5 m and the average agricultural crop yield of 92.5 t ha-1. The harvester used was of one line, operating in three shift speeds, V1 (3.0 km h-1), V2 (5.0 km h-1), and V3 (7.0 km h-1). Two rotations of the primary extractor were used, the R1 of 700 rpm and R2 of 1000 rpm. Fuel consumption was evaluated by using flowmeters as well as its performance. The effective field capacity (ha h-1) and the actual time fuel consumption (L h-1) were greater increasing traveling speed and rotation. Increased harvester travel speed decreased fuel consumption per ton of sugarcane harvested (L t-1).KEYWORDS: Performance; operating efficiency; evaluation; mechanization.
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Thienyaem, Titinai, Khwantri Saengprachatanarug, Saree Wongpichet, Taira Eizo, and Prakarn Thongrak. "The Influence of the Metering Device Arrangement to the Discharging Consistency of the Sugarcane Billet Planter." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 1561–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.1561.
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Sugar cane is an important economic crop of Thailand, used as a raw material to produce sugar and renewable energy. Due to a labor shortage problem, and an increase in the number of sugarcane combine harvesters, sugarcane billet planters from overseas have become more popular, because they can use seed cane prepared by combine harvesters. In order to maintain a high consistency of billet plating, the harvester discharge mechanism needs to accommodate the physical properties of sugarcane billet of Thai's variety, which vary by breed and harvesting method according to area. Thus, this study aims to find the appropriate arrangement of the metering devices within sugarcane billet planters which are suitable for Thai conditions. The stationary experiments were completed using a testing unit driven by an electric motor. At the initial stage the container of the testing unit was filled with 530 kg of Khon Kaen-3 sugarcane billets. The cleated conveyor belt was placed at the container wall, to act as a metering device for the testing unit. There were 3 arrangements of cleats: (1) a full width cleat, with 150mm cleat space, (2) a full width cleat, with 300mm cleat space, and (3) a half width cleat, with 300mm cleat space each side and 150mm displaced, and all were set and tested at a constant linear conveying speed of 0.2 m/s. The effects of each arrangement for discharge rates and consistency were analyzed. The results showed that the 3rd arrangement gave the best discharge consistency, with a precision index of 51.04%.
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Azizi, P., N. Sakenian Dehkordi, and R. Farhadi. "Design, Construction and Evaluation of Potato Digger with Rotary Blade." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 47, no. 3 (2014): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cerce-2014-0022.
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Abstract Potato has an important role in human food. It was the sixth alimentary product in the world after sugar cane, maze, rice, wheat and milk in 2011 year. In addition, potato is the third product in Iran after wheat and sugar cane in 2011 year. Therefore, any attempt in the improvement of potato harvester will be valuable. In this study, a new semi-mounted one-row potato digger with rotary blade was designed and made in the workshop of Shahrekord University. It can be connected to rotary potato graders. Transmission system was mechanical from tractor (PTO) to blade by belt, pulley, gearbox, chain and sprocket. Blade diameter was 76 cm and the length was 10 cm which was assigned by the researchers. For separating of soil from potato, a helix containing bars with 2.6 cm distance and diameter of 9 mm was applied. Entered soil into set was calculated as 227 ton/h. Required power was got 5.5 horsepower. Computerized model of set was prepared in Mechanical Desktop Software and potato motion was studied in Visual Nastran Software. The device was tested at field with various advance speed, blade angle and rotational speed. Results showed that advance speed of 1.5-3 km/h, rotational speed of 20-25 RPM and blade angle of 10- 15° were proper for system. The average of damaged potatoes was 4%.
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Testa, João Vitor Paulo, Kléber Pereira Lanças, Murilo Battistuzzi Martins, Jefferson Sandi, and Fernanda Scaranello Drudi. "DESEMPENHO OPERACIONAL E ENERGÉTICO DE COLHEDORAS DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR (Saccharum spp.) PARA UMA E DUAS LINHAS DA CULTURA." ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA 31, no. 3 (2016): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.17224/energagric.2016v31n3p253-258.
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O Brasil é o maior produtor de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.) do mundo, portanto, o seu cultivo é de grande importância para o agronegócio brasileiro. A mecanização da colheita da cana-de-açúcar se tornou necessária, pois a queima da cultura está, gradativamente, sendo proibida no Brasil e, sem essa prática, o corte manual se torna ineficiente e dispendioso. Com o aumento da colheita mecanizada surgiram as inovações do setor para o aumento do rendimento dessa operação e, nos últimos anos, a tentativa de se desenvolver uma colhedora especifica para duas linhas simultâneas se tornou realidade. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho operacional e energético de duas colhedoras de cana-de-açúcar para uma e duas linhas da cultura, em espaçamento convencional. Os ensaios foram conduzidos em um canavial colhido sem queima prévia, da variedade RB855156, em seu segundo corte, com espaçamento entre linhas de 1,5 m, produtividade agrícola estimada de 83,5 t ha-1 e porte ereto. As colhedoras foram avaliadas em 3 velocidades de deslocamento (2,5 km h-1, 3,5 km h-1 e 5 km h-1) para realizar avaliações do desempenho das máquinas. A média de capacidade de campo efetiva foi de 0,56 ha h-1 para a colhedora de uma linha e de 1,08 ha h-1 para a colhedora de duas linhas, o consumo de combustível por tonelada colhida foi de 0,97 L t-1 para a colhedora de uma linha contra 0,65 L t-1 para a colhedora de duas linhas. Em todos os casos a colhedora de duas linhas apresentou maior eficiência e produtividade do que a de colhedora de uma linha.PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Mecanização Agrícola; consumo de combustível; índice de impureza mineral e vegetal; eficiência; produtividade. OPERATIONAL AND ENERGETIC PERFORMANCE OF SUGARCANE (Saccharum spp.) HARVESTERS FOR ONE AND TWO ROWS OF PLANTINGABSTRACT: Brazil is the largest producer of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) in the world, so its cultivation is of great importance for Brazilian agribusiness. The mechanized harvesting of cane sugar has become necessary because the culture of the burning is gradually being banned in Brazil and, without this practice, manual cutting becomes inefficient and costly. With increasing mechanical harvesting, emerged the sector innovations to increase the yield of this operation and, in recent years, the attempt to develop a harvester specifies for two simultaneous rows came true. The aim of this study was to evaluate the operational and energy performance of two harvesters of sugarcane, for one and two rows of planting. The tests were conducted in a sugarcane field of the variety RB855156 harvested without burning, at its second cut, with line spacing of 1.5 m, estimated agricultural productivity of 83.5 t ha-1. The harvester was evaluated in three forward speeds (2.5 km h-1, 3,5 km h-1 and 5 km h-1) to carry out evaluations of the performance of the machines. The average effective field capacity was 0.56 ha h-1 for one row harvested and 1.08 ha h-1 for two rows harvested, fuel consumption per ton of sugarcane harvested was 0.97 L t-1 for one row and 0.65 L t-1 for two rows. In all cases, the two rows showed higher efficiency and productivity against the one row.Keywords: Agricultural mechanization; fuel consumption; vegetable and mineral impurity rate; efficiency; productivity.
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Santos, Neisvaldo B. dos, Rouverson P. da Silva, and Casimiro D. Gadanha Junior. "Economic analysis for sizing of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) mechanized harvesting." Engenharia Agrícola 34, no. 5 (2014): 945–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-69162014000500013.
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Sugarcane has a significant role on Brazilian agribusiness economy. The harvesting cane is considered as one of the most important operations of the process for it has to attend the raw material demanded by the sugar mill in quality and a competitive cost. The objective of this work it is it of analyzing, of systemic way, the variables influence on economical and operational performance in sugarcane mechanized harvesting process for sizing of machines. For this purpose a model called "ColheCana", was developed in a spreadsheet and in a programming language. The results showed that the field efficiency and harvester´s initial value are variables of great impact in the cost and that there is a maximum area that one equipment can attend and for this area the cost is minimum.
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Peloia, Paulo Rodrigues, Marcos Milan, and Thiago Libório Romanelli. "Capacity of the mechanical harvesting process of sugar cane billets." Scientia Agricola 67, no. 6 (2010): 619–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162010000600001.
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The mechanized harvest of sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in Brazil is an irreversible trend and it comes with a great concern about the quality of the cane delivered to the industry. A key component to quality is the billet length which affects the processing of raw material, cane deterioration, invisible losses and load density of transport vehicles. Thus, due to the importance of the billet standard in quality and cost of raw material, this study aimed to evaluate if the mechanized harvesting of sugar cane can supply the quality requirements for the crushing process, regarding the billet length. A plot with burnt sugar cane (3.2 ha) and another one with green sugar cane (8.0 ha) were selected to be harvested by two (2) self-propelled sugar cane harvesters. For each harvested 0.4 ha a sample from each infield wagon was collected. The sample was composed by ten billets. The variability in burnt sugar cane was higher than in green sugar cane, and both harvesters did not present the capacity of keeping the billets with similar lengths when operating either in burnt or green conditions.
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Scaranello Drudi, Fernanda, Murilo Battistuzzi Martins, João Vitor Paulo Testa, Carlos Renato Guedes Ramos, and Kléber Pereira Lanças. "DESEMPENHO ENERGÉTICO DE COLHEDORAS DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR EM DIFERENTES PRODUTIVIDADES AGRÍCOLAS E VELOCIDADES DE TRABALHO." ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA 34, no. 2 (2019): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17224/energagric.2019v34n2p180-186.
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DESEMPENHO ENERGÉTICO DE COLHEDORAS DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR EM DIFERENTES PRODUTIVIDADES AGRÍCOLAS E VELOCIDADES DE TRABALHO 
 
 FERNANDA SCARANELLO DRUDI1, MURILO BATTISTUZZI MARTINS2, JOÃO VITOR PAULO TESTA3, CARLOS RENATO GUEDES RAMOS4, KLÉBER PEREIRA LANÇAS5
 
 1 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Universidade Estadual Paulista, rua: José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, Jardim Paraiso, 18610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil, fernandadrudi@gmail.com
 2 Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Unidade Universitária de Cassilândia, Rodovia MS-306 – km 6,4, 79540-000, Cassilândia, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil, murilo.martins@uems.br 
 3 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Universidade Estadual Paulista, rua: José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, Jardim Paraiso, 18610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil, joaovitortesta@outlook.com 
 4 Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Rodovia PA-140, s/n, Açaizal, 68682-000, Tomé-Açu, Pará, Brasil, ramos.ufra@gmail.com 
 5 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Universidade Estadual Paulista, rua: José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, Jardim Paraiso, 18610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil, kp.lancas@unesp.br
 
 RESUMO: A expansão das lavouras de cana-de-açúcar no Brasil é um dos fatores que mais favorece a utilização e, principalmente, o desenvolvimento do sistema de colheita mecanizada. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho energético de colhedoras de cana-de-açúcar, através da repetitividade de ensaios com colhedoras de cana-de-açúcar realizados pelo Núcleo de Ensaio de Máquinas e Pneus Agroflorestais (Nempa), utilizando metodologia de diferentes autores. As colheitas ocorreram em canaviais com diversas produtividades agrícolas e em diferentes localidades do país e exterior. Foram avaliados a capacidade de colheita efetiva, o consumo de combustível (L h-1 e L t-1). Foram feitas avaliações com o dispositivo que controla a rotação do motor. Com o uso desse dispositivo, o consumo de combustível foi mais baixo para o consumo horário e por tonelada colhida. O consumo de combustível é influenciado pela produtividade da área e pela velocidade de trabalho da máquina. A metodologia utilizada no ensaio a campo de colhedoras de cana-de-açúcar, através dos dados obtidos pelo Nempa, apresentou resultados compatíveis entre si e com a bibliografia consultada, mostrando ser confiável em relação aos parâmetros de desempenho operacional da colhedora, tanto para colhedoras de uma linha como para de duas linhas.
 
 Palavras-chaves: capacidade efetiva, colheita mecanizada, consumo de combustível, mecanização agrícola, saccharium spp
 
 ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF SUGARCANE HARVESTERS IN SEVERAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITIES AND FORWARD SPEED
 
 ABSTRACT: The expansion of sugarcane plantations in Brazil is one of the factors that most favors the use and, especially, the development of the mechanized harvesting system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the energy performance of sugarcane harvesters, based on the methodology used by the Nucleus of Agroforestry Machines and Tires (Nempa) of the College of Agricultural Sciences (FCA), Unesp, Campus of Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The sugarcane harvests occurred in fields without prior burning with different agricultural yields and in different Brazil and abroad location. It was evaluated the crop effective capacity, fuel consumption (L h-1 and L t-1). For these evaluations, flow meters were installed in the harvester fuel supply system as well as an electronic device was used for data acquisition. Evaluations were carried out with a engine device speed control. According to this device the fuel consumption was lower for the hourly consumption and per harvested tonne. The fuel consumption is influenced by the area productivity and by the machine work speed. The methodology used in the sugar cane field trial, through the data obtained by Nempa, shown compatible results between themselves and with literature, shown be reliable in relation to the parameters of operational performance of sugarcane harvester, for a line or two.
 
 Keywords: effective capacity, mechanical harvesting, fuel consumption, agricultural mechanization, saccharium spp
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Yirsaw, T., K. Woldetsadik, and T. S. Workneh. "Effect of Harvest Time on Quality of Sugar Cane Cultivars." Advanced Materials Research 824 (September 2013): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.824.293.
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Three commercial sugarcane varieties such as NCO-334, B52-298 and N14 were grown at Finchaa Cane Plantation, Ethiopia to determine the optimum harvest age for cane and sugar yields. Treatments consisted of factorial combination of varieties and five levels of harvest age were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The varieties differed in stalk diameter and weight, and millable stalk number. Improvements in internodes number, stalk diameter and weight were increased with harvest age whereas internodes length and millable stalk number decreased with delay in harvesting. Varieties produced better juice quality in canes harvested at 17 months. NCO-334 attained its peak superior quality at the age of 15 months. This preliminary data on some indicator quality parameters imply that NCO-334 could be harvested at 15 months age in order to maximize sugar yield. However, more experiments are required to confirm the effect of harvesting time and variety on cane and sugar yield. Therefore, more research on detecting other quality parameters focusing on cane and sugar yield is recommended.
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Zhao, Peifang, Jiawen Guo, Xinxin Gao, et al. "Small-Scale Mechanical Harvesting and Tractor-Caused Soil Compaction Reduce Early Growth in Sugarcane." Agronomy 9, no. 12 (2019): 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120830.
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Sugarcane is an important crop for sugar and biofuel production worldwide. It is mostly grown on hilly area by smallholders in China, which makes harvesting by a combine harvester impractical. Harvesting sugarcane by a small-scale harvester could be more practical. However, information about the impact of small-scale mechanical harvesting on soil compaction (SC), early growth and cane yield, and its yield components is still limited. The scarcity of quantitative information is equally true for the genotype and harvesting method interaction for traits describing early growth and final yield in sugarcane. Field experiments were conducted in a plant and two consequent ratoon crops (RCs) during 2016–2018 in Kaiyuan, Yunnan Province, China, to determine the impact of small-scale mechanical harvesting followed by tractor passages (SMH) on SC, sugarcane early growth and yield, and yield components, and to determine the genotype x treatment (harvesting methods, GT) interactions. The results indicated that, when compared to manual harvesting (MH), SMH significantly (p < 0.05) increased SC at 5, 10, and 20 cm depths by 0.6, 0.71, and 0.69 MPa for the first ratoon crop (RC), respectively; and increased by 1.4, 2.02, and 1.72 MPa at 10, 20, and 30 cm depths for the second RC, respectively. The amounts of underground bud bank (UBB) in RCs were nearly nine times the buds for establishing the plant crop (PC); positive correlations between the UBB and seedling counts were observed, with the highest correlations (r = 0.8453) occurring in May for the second RC. As compared with MH, stool damage and gaps were significantly higher in SMH; meanwhile, the UBB was lower in two RCs; the amount of seedlings, plant height, and height uniformity were significantly lower in SMH. Cane yield declined more in SMH, particularly declining by 20.59% from the first RC to the second RC. With respect to sugarcane production by SMH, the existence of significant GT interactions for stool damage, gaps, early seedling, millable stalks, and height uniformity at the maturing stage suggested that genotype selection trials should be conducted under the SMH rather than in MH.
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SEERUTTUN, S., C. BARBE, and G. McINTYRE. "Crop Cycle Length and Cane and Sugar Yields." Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 4 (1999): 407–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479799354016.
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Two series of trials were initiated to compare different lengths of crop cycles for sugarcane harvested every 12 months under the local conditions over a six-year period. The first series involved harvesting cane every 24 months and in the second series cane was harvested after 16 or 20 months alternately. All trials included four cane varieties except one in the second series where only three varieties were planted. Cumulative results for both series of trials showed a difference in favour of the 12-month cane crop. In the first series after six years, cane and sugar yields were reduced by 19–48% and 22–60% respectively in the 24-month-old canes compared with 12-month-old crops. The level of reduction varied with cane variety. In the second series, the declines in cane and sugar yields were smaller, 5–44% and 7–49% respectively. Cane lodging, which increased with length of crop cycle, led to greater weed infestation, increased damage by rats and rendered manual harvest more difficult.
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Lawes, R. A., K. E. Basford, L. M. McDonald, R. J. Lawn, and M. K. Wegener. "Factors affecting cane yield and commercial cane sugar in the Tully district." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, no. 4 (2002): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea01020.
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The Tully Sugar Mill has collected information about sugarcane supplied for crushing from every block in the mill district from 1970 to 1999. Data from 1988 to 1999 were analysed to understand the extent of the variation in cane yield per hectare and commercial cane sugar in the Tully mill area. The key factors influencing the variation in cane yield and commercial cane sugar in this commercial environment were identified and the variance components computed using a restricted maximum likelihood methodology. Cane yield was predominantly influenced by the year in which it was harvested, the month when the crop was ratooned (month of harvest in the previous year) and the farm of origin. These variables were relatively more important than variety, age of crop or crop class (plant crop, first ratoon through to fourth or older ratoons) and fallowing practice (fallow or ploughout-replant). The month-of-ratooning effect was relatively stable from year-to-year. Commercial cane sugar was influenced by the year of harvest, the month of harvest and their interaction, in that the influence of the month of harvest varied from year to year. Variety and farm differences were also significant but accounted for a much lower portion of the variation in commercial cane sugar. An empirical model was constructed from the key factors that influenced commercial cane sugar and cane yield to quantify their combined influence on sugar yield (t/ha). This may be used to assist mill personnel to predict their activities more accurately, for example to calculate the impact of a late finish to the current harvest season on the following year's crop.
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Garside, A. L., M. J. Bell, and B. G. Robotham. "Row spacing and planting density effects on the growth and yield of sugarcane. 2. Strategies for the adoption of controlled traffic." Crop and Pasture Science 60, no. 6 (2009): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp08312.
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Controlled traffic (matching wheel and row spacing) is being promoted as a means to manage soil compaction in the Australian sugar industry. However, machinery limitations dictate that wider row spacings than the standard 1.5-m single row will need to be adopted to incorporate controlled traffic and many growers are reluctant to widen row spacing for fear of yield penalties. To address these concerns, contrasting row configuration and planting density combinations were investigated for their effect on cane and sugar yield in large-scale experiments in the Gordonvale, Tully, Ingham, Mackay, and Bingera (near Bundaberg) sugarcane-growing regions of Queensland, Australia. The results showed that sugarcane possesses a capacity to compensate for different row configurations and planting densities through variation in stalk number and individual stalk weight. Row configurations ranging from 1.5-m single rows (the current industry standard) to 1.8-m dual rows (50 cm between duals), 2.1-m dual (80 cm between duals) and triple (65 cm between triples) rows, and 2.3-m triple rows (65 cm between triples) produced similar yields. Four rows (50 cm apart) on a 2.1-m configuration (quad rows) produced lower yields largely due to crop lodging, while a 1.8-m single row configuration produced lower yields in the plant crop, probably due to inadequate resource availability (water stress/limited radiation interception). The results suggest that controlled traffic can be adopted in the Australian sugar industry by changing from a 1.5-m single row to 1.8-m dual row configuration without yield penalty. Further, the similar yields obtained with wider row configurations (2 m or greater with multiple rows) in these experiments emphasise the physiological and environmental plasticity that exists in sugarcane. Controlled traffic can be implemented with these wider row configurations (>2 m), although it will be necessary to carry out expensive modifications to the current harvester and haul-out equipment. There were indications from this research that not all cultivars were suited to configurations involving multiple rows. The results suggest that consideration be given to assessing clones with different growth habits under a range of row configurations to find the most suitable plant types for controlled traffic cropping systems.
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Silva, Reginaldo Barboza da, Piero Iori, Zigomar Menezes de Souza, Danilo de Moraes Gomes Pereira, Oswaldo Julio Vischi Filho, and Francisca Alcivania de Melo Silva. "Contact pressures and the impact of farm equipment on Latosol with the presence and absence of sugarcane straw." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 40, no. 3 (2016): 265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542016403001716.
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ABSTRACT High contact pressures applied to soil result in a greater degree of compaction, in addition to promoting other negative effects. The objective of this study was to quantify contact areas by using different methodologies, and pressures of farm equipment employed in production activity and evaluate structural changes caused in a Red Latosol with the presence and absence of straw cover. The design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme of type 4 (tire on front axle, tire on rear axle, tire on a sugarcane wagon and metallic track of sugar cane Harvester) x 2 (presence and absence of straw). The contact area (CA) of the run was obtained by three procedures: analytical measure of the area of an ellipse (CA1); digital measurement of area of an ellipse (CA2); and measurement of real contact area (RCA), with digital resources. The contact pressure was calculated from the ratio of mass of each machine's axle and the contact area of the run. The contact area obtained according to the procedure of the ellipse (CA1 and CA2) is overrated when compared to actual area obtained digitally (RCA). The straw reduces the contact pressure in the soil, due to the deep tire treads and consequently, increased contact area. Areas where the traffic of the machines occurred with soil covered with the presence of straw showed reduced soil resistance to penetration, cone index and pre-consolidation pressure, confirming that the increased contact area produced by straw reduced the pressure applied and the compression power dissipated in the soil.
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Lawes, R. A., M. K. Wegener, K. E. Basford, and R. J. Lawn. "Commercial cane sugar trends in the Tully sugar district." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 40, no. 7 (2000): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00035.
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Commercial cane sugar (CCS), as measured by sugar mills, is in decline in the wet tropics of Australia. One of these mills, Tully Sugar Ltd, has measured CCS in the factory as required by legislation and also measured whole clean stalk CCS through a small mill, which is free of contaminants. ‘Factory CCS’ measures the CCS of cane entering the mill, after it has been harvested. The harvesting and transport process delivers to the mill cane that is contaminated by extraneous matter such as leaf material and soil. Beween 1988 and 1998, 1516 blocks were sampled for ‘small mill CCS’. These data were combined with block productivity information to determine the trends in small mill CCS and factory CCS using a linear mixed model analysis as the data were unbalanced. Other data, including the date of harvest for factory CCS, date of sampling for small mill CCS, farm of origin and cane variety were available and fitted as random effects in the mixed model. Year was fixed to determine time related trends in the 2 measures of CCS. Small mill CCS was higher than factory CCS and remained constant from 1988 to 1998. Predicted factory CCS declined from 12.76 units in 1988 to 10.91 units in 1998. We conclude that the CCS levels in whole clean stalks were actually stable, since small mill CCS remained constant over the 10-year period. Possible reasons for the differences in the trends for the 2 CCS measures are discussed.
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Oyier, Moses Owuor, James O. Owuoche, Maurice E. Oyoo, Erick Cheruiyot, Betty Mulianga, and Justice Rono. "Effect of Harvesting Stage on Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Genotypes in Western Kenya." Scientific World Journal 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8249532.
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Harvesting stage of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) cane is an important aspect in the content of sugar for production of industrial alcohol. Four sweet sorghum genotypes were evaluated for harvesting stage in a randomized complete block design. In order to determine sorghum harvest growth stage for bioethanol production, sorghum canes were harvested at intervals of seven days after anthesis. The genotypes were evaluated at different stages of development for maximum production of bioethanol from flowering to physiological maturity. The canes were crushed and juice fermented to produce ethanol. Measurements of chlorophyll were taken at various stages as well as panicles from the harvested canes. Dried kernels at 14% moisture content were also weighed at various stages. Chlorophyll, grain weight, absolute ethanol volume, juice volume, cane yield, and brix showed significant (p=0.05) differences for genotypes as well as the stages of harvesting. Results from this study showed that harvesting sweet sorghum at stages IV and V (104 to 117 days after planting) would be appropriate for production of kernels and ethanol. EUSS10 has the highest ethanol potential (1062.78 l ha−1) due to excellent juice volume (22976.9 l ha−1) and EUSS11 (985.26 l ha−1) due to its high brix (16.21).
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Prasad, Satendra. "Conflict and Control in Cane Fields: Fiji's Seasonal Sugar-Cane Harvesters." Culture Agriculture 18, no. 3 (1996): 110–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cag.1996.18.3.110.
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Nicolella, Alexandre C., and Walter Belluzzo. "The effect of reducing the pre-harvest burning of sugar cane on respiratory health in Brazil." Environment and Development Economics 20, no. 1 (2014): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x14000096.
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AbstractThis paper analyzes the effect of reducing pre-harvest burning of sugar cane on the population's respiratory health in Brazil. We collected data for the municipalities in the state of São Paulo for two different periods: 2000, before the state law requiring the gradual elimination of sugar cane area utilizing pre-burning, and 2007. We used panel models for inpatient visits due to respiratory diseases, outpatient visits for inhalation procedures and length of stay for inpatient visits due to respiratory diseases, controlling for the endogeneity between health and pollution. The results show that increasing the area of raw sugar cane harvested reduces the number of inpatient visits and does not affect the number of inhalation procedures or length of stay.
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Castro, Sérgio Gustavo Quassi de, Henrique Coutinho Junqueira Franco, and Miguel Ângelo Mutton. "Harvest managements and cultural practices in sugarcane." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 38, no. 1 (2014): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832014000100030.
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The presence of trash from the mechanical harvest of green cane on sugarcane plantations promotes changes in the agricultural management, for example, in the mechanical cultural practices of ratoon cane in-between the rows and nitrogen (N) fertilization. The goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of sugarcane in different harvest systems, associated to the mechanical cultural practices in interrows and N rates. The study was carried out on a sugarcane plantation in Sales Oliveira, São Paulo, Brazil, with the sugarcane variety SP81-3250, on soil classified as Acrudox, in a randomized block design with split-split plots and four replications. The main treatments consisted of harvest systems (harvesting green cane or burnt cane), the secondary treatment consisted of the mechanical cultural practices in the interrows and the tertiary treatments were N rates (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 160 kg ha-1), using ammonium nitrate (33 % N) as N source. The harvest systems did not differ in sugarcane yield (tons of cane per hectare - TCH), but in burnt cane, the pol percent and total sugar recovery (TSR) were higher. This could be explained by the higher quantity of plant impurities in the harvested raw material in the system without burning, which reduces the processing quality. Mechanical cultural practices in the interrows after harvest had no effect on cane yield and sugar quality, indicating that this operation can be omitted in areas with mechanical harvesting. The application of N fertilizer at rates of 88 and 144 kg ha-1 N, respectively, increased stalk height and TCH quadratically to the highest values for these variables. For the sugar yield per hectare (in pol %), N fertilization induced a linear increase.
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Sakiara, K. A., Sandro José De Andrade, Mary Rosa Rodrigues Marchi, Wagner Vilegas, Rosa Maria Do Vale Bosso, and Nívea Dulce Tedeschi Conforti-Froes. "OTIMIZAÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO DE UMA METODOLOGIA ANALÍTICA PARA DETERMINAÇÃO DE 1- HIDROXIPIRENO EM URINA DE CORTADORES DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR." Eclética Química Journal 35, no. 4 (2018): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.26850/1678-4618eqj.v35.4.2010.p113-119.
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This study aimed to optimize and validate an analytical methodology for determination of 1-hydroxypyrene in urine of workers involved in harvesting sugar cane. The method used for determining 1-hydroxypyrene in human urine is the enzymatic hydrolysis, extraction and clean-up by solid phase extraction (SPE) and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC / Flu). Four types of cartridges were tested to verify the percentage of recovery. Urine of sugar-cane workers (nonsmokers and of both sexes) were collected during the harvest (n = 39) and non-harvest season (n = 34) of cane sugar. The best recovery results were attributed to the C18 cartridges. They presented recovery between 79% and 108%, with a coefficient of variation between 5% and 10%. The limit of quantification was 74 ng of 1-hydroxypyrene per liter of urine. The optimized and validated methodology was used for determination of real samples. The results found in the urine of workers at harvest period ranged from 0.026 to 2.3 mol of 1-hydroxypyrene per mol creatinine. During the non-harvesting season the results ranged from 0.0023 to 0.38 mol of 1-hydroxypyrene per mol creatinine. The validated methodology proved suitable for determination of 1-hydroxypyrene in human urine. The data indicate that there is strong correlation between excretion of 1-hydroxypyrene and the periods during and between harvests of sugar cane.
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Morgan, T., P. Jackson, L. McDonald, and J. Holtum. "Chemical ripeners increase early season sugar content in a range of sugarcane varieties." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, no. 3 (2007): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar06018.
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Ripening in sugarcane refers to an increase in sugar content on a fresh weight basis before commercial harvest. Certain chemicals are applied to cane in commercial fields in some countries to accelerate ripening and improve profitability of sugar production. However, responses have usually been reported to be variety and environment specific. We examined changes in the sucrose content in the juice extracted from 43 Australian sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) varieties in response to 4 ripener treatments in the Burdekin region in northern Queensland over 2 years. The 4 treatments applied were ethephon (as Ethrel®) + fluazifop-P butyl (as Fusilade®), Fusilade® alone, glyphosate (as Weedmaster® Duo), and haloxyfop-R methyl (as Verdict®). These treatments were applied in March–April each year and compared with an untreated control. Of particular interest was whether economic responses are possible for Australian varieties harvested in the May and June period when sugar content in cane is usually low. Increases in sucrose (measured by pol) levels in cane juice were observed after combined application of Ethrel + Fusilade (E+F) and after application of glyphosate, although the result for the latter varied between years. These results suggest that opportunities exist in the Australian industry to improve the profitability of early-harvested sugarcane crops, but further research is required to quantify effects on cane yield and responses in diverse environments.
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Mauliyah, Nurika, and Arif Wahyudi. "FINANCING BEHAVIOR OF THE PLANT OF SUGARCANE TO FARMERS IN BLITAR DISTRICT (Ethno methodology Study on Sugarcane Farmers in Rejoso Village, Binangun District, Blitar District)." JARES (Journal of Academic Research and Sciences) 3, no. 1 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35457/jares.v3i1.435.
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This research was conducted in Rejoso village, Binangun sub-district, Blitar district, with research object of sugar cane farmers there. This study aims to find out how the behavior of farmers in Rejoso Village about financing in the management of sugar cane, especially in financing behavior of the plant of sugarcane. In Rejoso village, plant of sugarcane is only done once in the period of 5 to 10 years because once planting sugarcane can be harvested many times even up to 10 times the harvest. The type of research used is qualitative research using Ethnomethodology method. Ethnomethodology is a study of how people create and understand their everyday life and the way they complete daily life. The subject for ethno methodology is not primitive tribal people but people of various situations in our own society. In this study, the subject of research is the sugar cane farmers in the Rejoso Village, Binangun District, Blitar. Data obtained by interview technique then result of the interview then analyzed to know how financing behavior of the plant of sugarcane. Based on the research results obtained from analyzing the results of interviews with sugar cane farmers in Rejoso Village that the financing behavior of the plant of sugarcane is vary depending on each individual. The difference in behavior lies in how to obtain sugar cane seeds, how to prepare the land and how to plant seeds of sugar cane.
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Mauliyah, Nurika, and Arif Wahyudi. "FINANCING BEHAVIOR OF THE PLANT OF SUGARCANE TO FARMERS IN BLITAR DISTRICT (Ethno methodology Study on Sugarcane Farmers in Rejoso Village, Binangun District, Blitar District)." Journal of Academic Research and Sciences (JARES) 3, no. 1 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30957/jares.v3i1.435.
Full textAbstract:
This research was conducted in Rejoso village, Binangun sub-district, Blitar district, with research object of sugar cane farmers there. This study aims to find out how the behavior of farmers in Rejoso Village about financing in the management of sugar cane, especially in financing behavior of the plant of sugarcane. In Rejoso village, plant of sugarcane is only done once in the period of 5 to 10 years because once planting sugarcane can be harvested many times even up to 10 times the harvest. The type of research used is qualitative research using Ethnomethodology method. Ethnomethodology is a study of how people create and understand their everyday life and the way they complete daily life. The subject for ethno methodology is not primitive tribal people but people of various situations in our own society. In this study, the subject of research is the sugar cane farmers in the Rejoso Village, Binangun District, Blitar. Data obtained by interview technique then result of the interview then analyzed to know how financing behavior of the plant of sugarcane. Based on the research results obtained from analyzing the results of interviews with sugar cane farmers in Rejoso Village that the financing behavior of the plant of sugarcane is vary depending on each individual. The difference in behavior lies in how to obtain sugar cane seeds, how to prepare the land and how to plant seeds of sugar cane.
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Santos, Marcio Aurélio Lins dos, and José Antonio Frizzone. "IRRIGAÇÃO SUPLEMENTAR DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR (Saccharum spp) COLHIDA NO MÊS DE JANEIRO: UM MODELO DE ANÁLISE DE DECISÃO PARA O LITORAL SUL DO ESTADO DE ALAGOAS." IRRIGA 11, no. 3 (2006): 339–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2006v11n3p339-355.
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IRRIGAÇÃO SUPLEMENTAR DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR (Saccharum spp) COLHIDA NO MÊS DE JANEIRO: UM MODELO DE ANÁLISE DE DECISÃO PARA O LITORAL SUL DO ESTADO DE ALAGOAS Márcio Aurélio Lins dos Santos; José Antonio FrizzoneDepartamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, aurelio.lins@bol.com.br 1 RESUMO As usinas de açúcar e álcool no estado de Alagoas tem grande importância econômica. Para usar sua capacidade instalada torna-se necessário o uso de técnicas que aumentem sua produtividade e diminuam os custos de produção da cana-de-açúcar. A tecnologia de irrigação se tornou uma alternativa rentável para as condições do estado de Alagoas. Tomando-se por base a viabilidade da tecnologia de irrigação suplementar em cana soca de janeiro, durante apenas o primeiro estádio de desenvolvimento da cana-de-açúcar do litoral sul de Alagoas, a árvore de decisão foi utilizada na avaliação dos valores esperados dos retornos associados a diferentes alternativas disponíveis para a escolha do tomador de decisão. Levando em consideração as condições analisadas, os resultados do estudo permitiram obter as seguintes conclusões: existe um grande potencial de viabilidade técnica e econômica para irrigação do início de ano (janeiro), considerando os benefícios diretos e indiretos de aumento de produtividade agrícola, maior longevidade das soqueiras, redução de preparo de solo e plantio, tratos culturais e transporte de cana; a receita líquida esperada apresenta pequena sensibilidade às variáveis de custos com tratos culturais de soqueiras e preparo de solo e plantio. UNITERMOS: irrigação suplementar; Cana-de-açúcar; Análise de decisão SANTOS, M. A. L. dos; FRIZZONE, J.A. ADDITIONAL IRRIGATION OF A SUGAR-CANE (Saccharum spp) CROP HARVESTED IN JANUARY: A DECISION ANALYSIS MODEL FOR THE SOUTHERN COAST OFALAGOAS STATE 2 ABSTRACT Sugar mills and alcohol distilleries inAlagoas State,Brazil, have great economical importance. The use of techniques that increase their productivity and reduce sugar-cane production costs is needed to use their installation capacity to the fullest. Irrigation technology has become a profitable alternative for the sugar-cane (ratoon cycle) conditions inAlagoasState. A decision tree was used to evaluate expected values form different available alternatives to choose the best decision maker, taking into consideration the viability of additional irrigation technology in cane beat in January, just during the first development stage of the sugar-cane (ratoon cycle) in the southern coast of Alagoas State. From the obtained results of the analyzed conditions, it was concluded that: there is a great technical and economical viability for irrigation in the beginning of the year (January), considering direct and indirect benefits of agricultural productivity increase, greater ratoon longevity, reduction of soil preparation and planting, culture treatments and sugar cane transport; the expected net income presents small influence of cost variables with ratoon culture treatments and soil preparation and planting. KEYWORDS: additional irrigation; sugar-cane; decision analysis
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Esperancini, Maura Seiko Tsutsui, Paulo Fernando do Nascimento Afonso, Glauber José de Castro Gava, and Roberto Lyra Villas Boas. "DOSE ÓTIMA ECONÔMICA DE NITROGÊNIO EM CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR APLICADA VIA FERTIRRIGAÇÃO POR GOTEJAMENTO." IRRIGA 1, no. 1 (2015): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2015v1n1p28.
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DOSE ÓTIMA ECONÔMICA DE NITROGÊNIO EM CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR APLICADA VIA FERTIRRIGAÇÃO POR GOTEJAMENTO MAURA SEIKO TSUTSUI ESPERANCINI1; PAULO FERNANDO DO NASCIMENTO AFONSO2; GLAUBER JOSÉ DE CASTRO GAVA3 E ROBERTO LYRA VILLAS BOAS4 1Professora Doutora, Departamento de Economia e Sociologia Rural, UNESP/FCA. maura@fca.unesp.br2Doutorando em Agronomia, Energia na Agricultura, UNESP/FCA. afonso@fca.unesp.br3Pesquisador da APTA, Polo Centro-Oeste Jaú/SP. ggava@apta.sp.gov.br4Professor Doutor, Departamento de Recursos Naturais/Ciência do Solo, UNESP/FCA. rlvboas@fca.unesp.br 1 RESUMO A adubação é um importante fator para ampliar a produtividade da cana-de-açúcar, e o nitrogênio é um dos nutrientes que mais limitam a produtividade da cultura. A cana-de-açúcar no Brasil é adubada com doses entre 60 a 120 kg ha-1 de N-ureia em soqueiras, quando comparado a outros países com produtividades comparáveis, as doses de N são geralmente superiores a 120 kg ha-1 de N e, em alguns casos, atingem 200 kg ha-1 de N. A adubação tem impacto significativo na composição dos custos de produção da cultura de cana-de-açúcar. Em 2011, na região Centro-Sul do Brasil, a relação de troca, ou seja, a quantidade necessária para se adquirir uma tonelada de fertilizante, foi em média de 19,2 toneladas de cana-de-açúcar. Com 78% do nitrogênio consumido na agricultura, o Brasil desponta entre os principais importadores mundiais do nutriente. A dimensão do retorno econômico da exploração comercial da cultura da cana-de-açúcar está sustentada basicamente em três pontos: rendimento físico, custo de produção e preço da cana-de-açúcar. Portanto, estudos econômicos da aplicação de nitrogênio, têm efeito direto na rentabilidade da cultura da cana-de-açúcar. O experimento com aplicação de nitrogênio em soqueira de cana-de-açúcar via irrigação localizada por gotejamento, foi conduzido na Unidade de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (UPD) de Jaú/SP, da Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA) Polo Centro-Oeste. Avaliou-se a segunda soqueira da cultivar SP80-3280. O experimento em condições de campo foi constituído de três doses de N na safra 2008/2009 (70, 140, 210 kg N ha-1). Para obtenção da receita líquida de R$ 6.092,56 ha-1, a produtividade econômica ótima foi de 139,9 t ha-1 de cana-de-açúcar com aplicação de 170,2 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio, na forma de ureia, aplicada via fertirrigação por gotejamento, ao longo do ciclo. Palavras-chave: Irrigação, cana-de-açúcar, produtividade ótima econômica. ESPERANCINI, M.S.T; AFONSO, P.F.N; GAVA, G.J.C, VILLAS BOAS, R.L.ECONOMICALLY OPTIMAL DOSE OF NITROGEN IN SUGAR CANE APPLIED BY DRIPPING FERTIGATION 2 ABSTRACT Fertilization is an important factor to increase yield of sugar cane, and Nitrogen is one of the nutrients which most limits crop yield. Sugar cane in Brazil has been fertilized with doses between 60 to 120 kg ha-1 N-urea in ratoons. When countries with similar productivity are compared, N doses have been generally higher than 120 kg ha-1, and in some cases, have reached 200 kg ha-1 N. Fertilization has a great impact on the composition of production costs of the sugar cane crop. In 2011, in the middle southern region of Brazil, the exchange ratio, i.e., the necessary amount to buy one ton fertilizer was an average of 19.2 ton sugar cane. With 78% Nitrogen consumed in agriculture, Brazil stands out among the world´s leading importers of the nutrient. The amount of economic returns from commercial cultivation of sugar cane is mainly based on three points: physical performance, production cost and price of sugar cane. Therefore, economic studies on nitrogen application have a direct effect on profitability of the sugar cane crop. The experiment based on nitrogen application to sugar cane ratoons using targeted irrigation by dripping was conducted at the Research and Development Unit (UPD) in Jaú city/SP, Paulista Technology Agency of Agribusiness (APTA), middle-west center. The second ratoon SP80-3280 cultivar was evaluated. The experiment under field conditions consisted of three N rates in the 2008/2009 harvest (70, 140, 210 kg N ha-1). For achieving R$ 6,092.56 ha-1 net revenue, the optimal economic productivity was 139.9 t ha-1 sugar cane, using 170.2 kg ha-1 urea-N applied by dripping fertigation. Keywords: irrigation, sugar cane, optimal economic productivity DOSE ÓTIMA ECONÔMICA DE NITROGÊNIO EM CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR APLICADA VIA FERTIRRIGAÇÃO POR GOTEJAMENTO MAURA SEIKO TSUTSUI ESPERANCINI1; PAULO FERNANDO DO NASCIMENTO AFONSO2; GLAUBER JOSÉ DE CASTRO GAVA3 E ROBERTO LYRA VILLAS BOAS4 1Professora Doutora, Departamento de Economia e Sociologia Rural, UNESP/FCA. maura@fca.unesp.br2Doutorando em Agronomia, Energia na Agricultura, UNESP/FCA. afonso@fca.unesp.br3Pesquisador da APTA, Polo Centro-Oeste Jaú/SP. ggava@apta.sp.gov.br4Professor Doutor, Departamento de Recursos Naturais/Ciência do Solo, UNESP/FCA. rlvboas@fca.unesp.br 1 RESUMO A adubação é um importante fator para ampliar a produtividade da cana-de-açúcar, e o nitrogênio é um dos nutrientes que mais limitam a produtividade da cultura. A cana-de-açúcar no Brasil é adubada com doses entre 60 a 120 kg ha-1 de N-ureia em soqueiras, quando comparado a outros países com produtividades comparáveis, as doses de N são geralmente superiores a 120 kg ha-1 de N e, em alguns casos, atingem 200 kg ha-1 de N. A adubação tem impacto significativo na composição dos custos de produção da cultura de cana-de-açúcar. Em 2011, na região Centro-Sul do Brasil, a relação de troca, ou seja, a quantidade necessária para se adquirir uma tonelada de fertilizante, foi em média de 19,2 toneladas de cana-de-açúcar. Com 78% do nitrogênio consumido na agricultura, o Brasil desponta entre os principais importadores mundiais do nutriente. A dimensão do retorno econômico da exploração comercial da cultura da cana-de-açúcar está sustentada basicamente em três pontos: rendimento físico, custo de produção e preço da cana-de-açúcar. Portanto, estudos econômicos da aplicação de nitrogênio, têm efeito direto na rentabilidade da cultura da cana-de-açúcar. O experimento com aplicação de nitrogênio em soqueira de cana-de-açúcar via irrigação localizada por gotejamento, foi conduzido na Unidade de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (UPD) de Jaú/SP, da Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA) Polo Centro-Oeste. Avaliou-se a segunda soqueira da cultivar SP80-3280. O experimento em condições de campo foi constituído de três doses de N na safra 2008/2009 (70, 140, 210 kg N ha-1). Para obtenção da receita líquida de R$ 6.092,56 ha-1, a produtividade econômica ótima foi de 139,9 t ha-1 de cana-de-açúcar com aplicação de 170,2 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio, na forma de ureia, aplicada via fertirrigação por gotejamento, ao longo do ciclo. Palavras-chave: Irrigação, cana-de-açúcar, produtividade ótima econômica. ESPERANCINI, M.S.T; AFONSO, P.F.N; GAVA, G.J.C, VILLAS BOAS, R.L.ECONOMICALLY OPTIMAL DOSE OF NITROGEN IN SUGAR CANE APPLIED BY DRIPPING FERTIGATION 2 ABSTRACT Fertilization is an important factor to increase yield of sugar cane, and Nitrogen is one of the nutrients which most limits crop yield. Sugar cane in Brazil has been fertilized with doses between 60 to 120 kg ha-1 N-urea in ratoons. When countries with similar productivity are compared, N doses have been generally higher than 120 kg ha-1, and in some cases, have reached 200 kg ha-1 N. Fertilization has a great impact on the composition of production costs of the sugar cane crop. In 2011, in the middle southern region of Brazil, the exchange ratio, i.e., the necessary amount to buy one ton fertilizer was an average of 19.2 ton sugar cane. With 78% Nitrogen consumed in agriculture, Brazil stands out among the world´s leading importers of the nutrient. The amount of economic returns from commercial cultivation of sugar cane is mainly based on three points: physical performance, production cost and price of sugar cane. Therefore, economic studies on nitrogen application have a direct effect on profitability of the sugar cane crop. The experiment based on nitrogen application to sugar cane ratoons using targeted irrigation by dripping was conducted at the Research and Development Unit (UPD) in Jaú city/SP, Paulista Technology Agency of Agribusiness (APTA), middle-west center. The second ratoon SP80-3280 cultivar was evaluated. The experiment under field conditions consisted of three N rates in the 2008/2009 harvest (70, 140, 210 kg N ha-1). For achieving R$ 6,092.56 ha-1 net revenue, the optimal economic productivity was 139.9 t ha-1 sugar cane, using 170.2 kg ha-1 urea-N applied by dripping fertigation. Keywords: irrigation, sugar cane, optimal economic productivity
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Rono, Justice K., Erick K. Cheruiyot, Jacktone O. Othira, and Virginia W. Njuguna. "Cane Yield and Juice Volume Determine Ethanol Yield in Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)." International Journal of Applied Science 1, no. 2 (2018): p29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/ijas.v1n2p29.
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Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) contains fermentable sugars in the stem that can be converted to ethanol. The current study aimed at evaluating the performance of three sweet sorghum genotypes with five checks and contributes towards availing suitable sweet sorghum for industrial ethanol production. Field studies were carried out in Kenya at varied locations in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Sorghum was harvested at hard dough stage of grain development and evaluated for several stem juice production traits including plant height, cane yield, juice volume, degrees Brix, total, reducing, and non-reducing sugars, and ethanol yield via juice fermentation. Analyses of variance using SAS version 9.1 showed a significant effect of genotype for morphological characters and ethanol yield. Genotype EUSS10 produced the greatest cane (27.4 T/ha) and juice yield (7806.7 L/ha) whereas ACFC003/12 recorded the greatest ethanol yield (423.1 L/ha). At all sites, EUSS10 had the greatest plant height and days to 50% heading whereas SS04 had the greatest Brix and total sugar concentration. The greatest grain yield and non-reducing sugar concentration was produced by SS17 and SS21, respectively. Results of this study show that though Brix and total sugars are desirable for ethanol yield, cane yield, and juice volume of sweet sorghum determines the ultimate volume of ethanol produced.
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Rípoli, Tomaz Caetano Cannavam, Walter Francisco Molina Jr., and Marco Lorenzzo Cunali Rípoli. "Energy potential of sugar cane biomass in Brazil." Scientia Agricola 57, no. 4 (2000): 677–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162000000400013.
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Brazil is a developing tropical country with abundant biomass resources. Sugar cane (Saccahrum spp.) is primarily produced to obtain sugar and alcohol. Presently sugar cane is burned before harvest. If the cane were not burned before harvest, the trash (tops and leaves) could be collected and burned to produce steam to generate electricity, or be converted into alcohol fuel and decrease the severe air pollution problems caused by sugar cane burning. Based upon logical assumptions and appropriate data, we estimate the number of people that could be served each year by this biomass if its energy was converted into electricity. From trash and bagasse, 7.0x10(6) and 5.5x10(6) people y-1 could be served, respectively.
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Arshad, Waqas Raza, Muhammad Ehsan Khan, and Zaheer Aslam. "EXPOLRING RATOON PROSPECTIVE OF SUGARCANE VARIEITES / CLONES AT TOBA TEK SINGH." Pakistan Sugar Journal 34, no. 3 (2020): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35380/sugar.034.03.0147.
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Sugarcane is the crop that have the quality to sprout after its first harvesting, phenomenon known as ratooning. Among all other major crops, sugarcane ratooning is widely acceptable to farmers of the Punjab. The more the tillers grew, the higher are the chances of a greater number of stalks to be harvested. It is proven that more the number of stalks, the thinner is the diameter, finally results in more stalks and high production. Similarly, higher number of canes produce favorable ratoon. In this experiment, performance of Seven promising sugarcane varieties/clones along with the check variety CPF-246, were tested for their ratoon ability capacity at farmer’s field at Toba Tek Singh during the year 2017-18. It has been found that one of the varieties S2008-FD-19 produced that maximum ratoon yield, U2003-US-633 produced the maximum sugar recovery and S2003-US-133 produced maximum number of mill able canes. The observing of the current analysis also revealed that S2003-US-633 and S2003-US-133 have significant potential for boom sugar recovery through breeding programs and by improving the production techniques.
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Correia, N. M., F. J. Perussi, and L. J. P. Gomes. "S-metolachlor efficacy on the control of Brachiaria decumbens, Digitaria horizontalis, and Panicum maximum in mechanically green harvested sugarcane." Planta Daninha 30, no. 4 (2012): 861–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582012000400021.
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The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of S-metolachlor applied in pre-emergence conditions for the control of Brachiaria decumbens, Digitaria horizontalis, and Panicum maximum in sugar cane mechanically harvested without previous burning of the crop (green harvest) with the crop residue either left or not on the soil surface. The experiments were established in the field according to a randomized complete block design with four repetitions in a 7 x 2 split-plot scheme. In the plots, five herbicide treatments were studied (S-metolachlor at 1.44, 1.92, and 2.40 kg ha-1, clomazone at 1.20 kg ha-1, and isoxaflutole at 0.188 kg ha-1), and two control treatments with no herbicide application. In the subplots, the presence or absence of sugar cane crop residue on the soil surface was evaluated. S-metolachlor efficacy was not hampered by either 14 or 20 t ha-1 of sugar cane crop residue on the soil surface. When sugar cane crop residue was covering the soil surface, S-metolachlor at a rate of 1.44 kg ha-1 resulted in weed control similar at their larger rates, where as without the presence of crop residue, S-metolachlor controlled B. decumbens, D. horizontalis, and P. maximum at the rates of 1.92, 1.44, and 1.92 kg ha-1, respectively. The herbicides clomazone and isoxaflutole were effective for the studied species, independently of the crop residue covering the soil surface. S-metolachlor caused no visible injury symptoms to the sugar cane plant. Clomazone and isoxaflutole caused visible injuries to the sugar cane plant. None of the herbicides negatively affected the number of viable culms m² or the culm height and diameter.
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Singh, G., S. C. Chapman, P. A. Jackson, and R. J. Lawn. "Lodging reduces sucrose accumulation of sugarcane in the wet and dry tropics." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 53, no. 11 (2002): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar02044.
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Previous experiments in the Australian tropics have observed a 'slowdown' in biomass accumulation in mature sugarcane crops. By installing scaffolding to prevent lodging, we eliminated the growth 'slowdown' in 3 experiments to confirm that lodging and stalk death are part of the explanation. In both the wet and dry (irrigated) tropics, lodging of sugarcane significantly decreased both fresh cane yield and commercial cane sugar content (CCS). Prevention of lodging increased cane yield by 11–15%, CCS by 3–12%, and sugar yield by 15–35% at the final harvest in August–September. The rate of increase in CCS in lodged cane was reduced following lodging, although CCS had partially recovered by harvest.A possible component of the lodging effect is a slowdown in the growth due to the ageing of the crop. However, a younger crop (late crop treatment) grew no faster than the scaffolded treatment and so discounted this. In the dry tropics, where cane is irrigated and grows under high radiation, sugar yield was 40 t/ha with scaffolding installed. The increased yield (compared with 35 t/ha in lodged cane) was due to both the survival of an extra 0.8 stalks/m2 and increased accumulation of sugar in live stalks. In 2 years in the wet tropics where sugar yield with scaffolding was 16 t/ha, the same factors, with the addition of increased biomass accumulation in live stalks, were responsible for the increase.
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Salcedo mendoza, Jairo Guadalupe, Luz Marina Florez Pardo, and Jorge Enrique Lopez Galan. "Significant enzymatic activities in the residues hydrolysis of the sugar cane harvest." DYNA 86, no. 210 (2019): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n210.75286.
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In the production of ethanol from agroindustrial crop residues, one of the critical stages in the process is the conversion of lignocellulosic material to simple sugars, which can be done chemically or enzymatically. In this research, the enzymatic activities of commercial enzymes were evaluated for their influence on the degradation of lignocellulosic materials from sugar cane harvest residues (leaves and top cane). Eight substrates were pretreated with different delignification methods. Likewise, five enzymatic preparations were configured. An analysis of the enzyme-substrate interactions was conducted through fuzzy system analysis. The results showed regions of maximum enzymatic activity for residues of the sugarcane harvest, between 20-30 Filter Paper Units (FPU) /mL values lower than 500 pNPG (p-Nitrofenol-α-D-Glucopyranoside) U / mL of activity beta-glucosidase and hemicellulase activity between 50 and 70 IU / mL, confirming that the use of large amounts of cellulolytic enzymes is not necessary.
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Rípoli, Marco L. C., and Tomaz C. C. Rípoli. "Evaluation of five sugar cane planters." Engenharia Agrícola 30, no. 6 (2010): 1110–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-69162010000600012.
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Brazil is the world biggest producer of sugar cane with an area of 7x10(6) hectares. Mainly the system used for planting is the semi-mechanized one, which consists in opening the furrows with a machine, manually allocating the fractioned stalks and then covering the furrows done by the machines. The great amount of human labor used in the semi-mechanized system is becoming harder to find and also more expensive, indicating the need of a fully mechanized operation. Currently in Brazil these agriculture machines industries offers six different types of fully mechanized sugar cane planters (two types of whole stalks for planting and four using mechanized harvested stalks known as billets). All of them plant in two furrows simultaneously in 1.5 m row spacing. This study analyzed five different machines and the following variables: Working Speed (km h-1); Effective Capacity (ha h-1), Drawbar Force (kgf), Draw Bar Power (in HP), Fuel Consumption (L h-1) and Costs (US$ ha-1) comparing them with the semi-mechanized system. This research also characterized the stalks for planting as viable gems number (%), non viable gems number (%) and billet length (m). And lastly the mechanized planting system is cheaper than the conventional one and none of the machines has an adequate mechanism for placing the right amount of sugar cane seed.
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Carbonari, Caio A., Ana Karollyna Alves de Matos, Ivana Paula Ferraz Santos de Brito, Edivaldo D. Velini, and Franck E. Dayan. "Impact of Green Cane Harvesting on Pest Management in Sugarcane." Outlooks on Pest Management 31, no. 2 (2020): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1564/v30_apr_04.
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Green cane harvesting is a new agricultural practice that provides many benefits to sugar cane production in Brazil by allowing cane straw to remain on the soil surface. However, this system has complicated the management of weeds, pests and diseases. This review will highlight the impact of green cane harvesting on the management of weeds, insect pests, and pathogens in sugar cane production, and cover novel techniques and practices used to manage pests in this production system. Brazil has a unique agroecosystem that includes tropical and subtropical climates and distinct technical challenges relative to other agricultural regions around the world. Sugarcane stands out as an economically important crop in Brazilian agriculture, both in terms of its planting area and the complexity of the production system (e.g., constant changes in planting, cultural practices, and harvest managements). Brazilian sugarcane production in the 2018/2019 season was 620.44 million tons produced over more than 8.5 million hectares distributed mainly in the states of São Paulo, Goiás, and Minas Gerais. Currently, 38% of this production is intended to produce sugar and 62% to ethanol, generating 29.04 million tons of sugar and 33.14 billion liters of ethanol, making Brazil the largest sugar and ethanol producing country in the world. The sugarcane agroindustry continues to expand in Brazil, showing a great capacity to aggregate value to byproducts of ethanol and sugar, such as vinasse (fertilizer), filter cake (fertilizer and soil conditioner), bagasse (raw-material for industries; animal feed; and electrical energy generation), and plant straws (electrical energy generation). The adoption of mechanized harvests without burning has allowed accumulation of sugarcane straw residues over the cropping area (green cane harvesting). Approximately 84% of the sugarcane production area in Brazil follows green cane harvesting practices. This harvesting system has made the management of weeds, pests and diseases even more complex in sugarcane fields than before. Green cane harvesting has made pest and weed management (mainly) more complex. The presence of residues on the soil directly affects the action of pre-emergent herbicides that are most commonly used in sugarcane and increases the incidence of some important pests such as S. levis and M. fimbriolata. Integration of management programs for weeds, pests, and diseases generates economic benefits and control efficacy (broad spectrum action), maximizing their individual efficacy level, reducing the dependence on only one of them and the risk of selection of resistant pest populations. Monitoring, planning, and evaluation of the history of the sugarcane fields are essentials and assist in decision making regarding the method and time of control to be used. The efficiency of this system assists in the maintenance of high yields, health, and longevity for sugarcane fields.
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Apriawan, Derry Candia, Irham Irham, and Jangkung Handoyo Mulyo. "ANALISIS PRODUKSI TEBU DAN GULA DI PT. PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA VII (PERSERO)." Agro Ekonomi 26, no. 2 (2016): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/agroekonomi.17268.
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The study was conducted in Bungamayang District PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII (Persero), Lampung Province. The objective of this study are: (1) to see the trend of production, productivity and input use of sugarcane and sugar production, (2) to know factors affecting production of sugarcane, (3) to identify factors affecting production of sugar, and (4) to estimate the profit of sugar and molasses. The method used was descriptive quantitative analysis. Sampling location was determined by purposively. The data used are secondary data during 30 years (1984-2013). Trend analysis, multiple linear regression (Cobb-Douglas function), and profit analysis we used in this study. The results of trend analysis show that the production of sugar, sugar productivity, and rendemen has a positive trend, while the number of labour has a negative trend. The result of regression analysis shows that increase in harvested area could increase the production of sugarcane. The result of regression analysis also shows that increase in harvested area, rendemen, and rainfalls could increase the production of sugar, post amalgamation Bungamayang District and PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII (Persero) could give better sugar production, while the increase in the number of labour would decrease the production of sugar because the number of labour has reached the maximum level. From the results of the study show that the highest profit of sugar and molasses in Bungamayang District PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII (Persero) is the Ratoon Cane I cropping pattern, followed by Ratoon Cane II, Ratoon Cane III, and the lowest profit obtained in Plant Cane.
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Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre Costa, Rodrigo Foltran, Otavio Bagiotto Rossato, James Mabry McCray, and Raffaella Rossetto. "Effects of surface application of calcium-magnesium silicate and gypsum on soil fertility and sugarcane yield." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 38, no. 6 (2014): 1843–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832014000600019.
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Lime application recommendations for amendment of soil acidity in sugarcane were developed with a burnt cane harvesting system in mind. Sugarcane is now harvested in most areas without burning, and lime application for amendment of soil acidity in this system in which the sugarcane crop residue remains on the ground has been carried out without a scientific basis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in soil acidity and stalk and sugar yield with different rates of surface application of calcium, magnesium silicate, and gypsum in ratoon cane. The experiment was performed after the 3rd harvest of the variety SP 81-3250 in a commercial green sugarcane plantation of the São Luiz Sugar Mill (47º 25' 33" W; 21º 59' 46" S), located in Pirassununga, São Paulo, in southeast Brazil. A factorial arrangement of four Ca-Mg silicate rates (0, 850, 1700, and 3400 kg ha-1) and two gypsum rates (0 and 1700 kg ha-1) was used in the experiment. After 12 months, the experiment was harvested and technological measurements of stalk and sugar yield were made. After harvest, soil samples were taken at the depths of 0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10, 0.10-0.20, 0.20-0.40, and 0.40-0.60 m in all plots, and the following determinations were made: soil pH in CaCl2, organic matter, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, H+Al, Al, Si, and base saturation. The results show that the application of gypsum reduced the exchangeable Al3+ content and Al saturation below 0.05 m, and increased the Ca2+ concentration in the whole profile, the Mg2+ content below 0.10 m, K+ below 0.4 m, and base saturation below 0.20 m. This contributed to the effect of surface application of silicate on amendment of soil acidity reaching deeper layers. From the results of this study, it may be concluded that the silicate rate recommended may be too low, since the greater rates used in this experiment showed greater reduction in soil acidity, higher levels of nutrients at greater depths and an increase in stalk and sugar yield.
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Rattey, A. R., P. A. Jackson, D. M. Hogarth, and T. A. McRae. "Selection among genotypes in final stage sugarcane trials: effects of time of year." Crop and Pasture Science 60, no. 12 (2009): 1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp09136.
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Low levels of commercial cane sugar (CCS) reduce relative economic value (REV) in sugarcane. In the Australian sugarcane industry, CCS is lower early (June) compared with the completion (November) of the harvest period. Performance of sugarcane genotypes in 2 Central region series and 1 Burdekin region series of final stage selection trials was examined to determine if independent selection programs are required to select elite genotypes for 2 target periods: (a) early (before July), and (b) mature (from July on). Across series, CCS (16.83 v. 12.02% fresh cane weight) and REV (AU$3937/ha v. $3123/ha) were significantly higher in the mature than in the early period, while genotypic variance for CCS (0.76 v. 0.33), and broad-sense heritability for CCS (0.96 v. 0.86) and REV (0.79 v. 0.69), were higher in the early than in the mature period. Genetic correlations between sample times less than 3 months apart were usually ≥0.9 for CCS, but generally declined to ≤0.6 for times greater than 3 months apart. Consequently, genotype × period (early compared with mature) interaction effects on CCS affected selection decisions, especially in the Central region, and genetic improvements for CCS would be expected via specific targeting of early and mature periods. However, genotype × period interaction effects were not important for cane yield or REV, such that selection for specific adaptation to early or mature periods would not improve gains in REV across the entire harvest period. Some final stage selection trials should be harvested early in the harvest period, when heritability and genotypic variance are highest, to capture high early CCS genotypes with acceptable cane yield for recycling in breeding activities. This protocol should enhance genetic gain for early CCS and simultaneously increase REV early in the harvesting period of the Australian sugar industry.
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Silva, João P. de L., Ricardo Ralisch, and Otávio J. G. Abi Saab. "IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE OPERATIONAL CAPACITY OF SUGAR CANE HARVESTERS." Engenharia Agrícola 38, no. 4 (2018): 563–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v38n4p563-567/2018.
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Li, W. F., R. Y. Zhang, Y. K. Huang, et al. "Loss of cane and sugar yield resulting from Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner damage in cane-growing regions in China." Bulletin of Entomological Research 108, no. 1 (2017): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485317000608.
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AbstractCeratovacuna lanigera Zehntner is a major leaf pest of sugarcane. Widely distributed, it affects both the yield and quality of sugarcane in China. This study aimed to assess real yield and sugar yield losses, and the effect of C. lanigera damage on emergence of newly planted and ratoon cane under current production levels. Field experiments were carried out from 2014 to 2016 in Yunnan Province China. At maturity, plants were harvested and weighed to determine yield, and the effect on sugarcane quality and sucrose content analyzed. Real yield decreased by average of 46,185 kg hm−2 (range: 37,545–61,845 kg hm−2) in damaged versus undamaged areas, with an average yield loss rate of 35.9% (28.5–45.7%). Juice yield decreased by an average of 3.01% (2.4–4.13%) and sucrose content by 6.38% (5.48–8.16%). Juice brix decreased by an average of 7.66°BX (6.95–9.05°BX) and juice gravity purity by 12.35% (8.43–19.97%). In contrast, the reducing sugar content increased by an average of 1.21% (1.01–1.3%). Emergence rates of newly planted cane decreased by an average of 26.0% (24.7–27.3%). The emergence number of ratoon cane decreased by 66,834 hm2 (57,429–76,238 hm−2) and relative emergence loss rates of ratoon cane decreased by an average of 57.8% (57.6–58.0%). These findings confirm that C. lanigera damage severely affects sugarcane yield and quality in Yunnan Province. The results will help the implementation of effective control measures, thereby supporting sustainable development of the Chinese sugar industry.
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Rocha, Fernanda Ludmilla Rossi, Maria Helena Palucci Marziale, and Oi-Saeng Hong. "Work and health conditions of sugar cane workers in Brazil." Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP 44, no. 4 (2010): 978–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0080-62342010000400017.
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This is an exploratory research, with a quantitative approach, developed with the objective of analyzing the work and of life situations that can offer risks to the workers' health involved in the manual and automated cut of the sugar cane. The sample was composed by 39 sugar cane cutters and 16 operators of harvesters. The data collection occurred during the months of July and August of 2006, by the technique of direct observation of work situations and workers' homes and through interviews semi-structured. The interviews were recorded and later transcribed. Data were analyzed according to Social Ecological Theory. It was observed that the workers deal with multiple health risk situations, predominantly to the risks of occurrence of respiratory, musculoskeletal and psychological problems and work-related accidents due to the work activities. The interaction of individual, social and environmental factors can determine the workers' tendency to falling ill.
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Artha, Tri Sunu Budi, Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto, and Lestari Rahayu Waluyati. "OPTIMASI KOMPOSISI KIRIMAN TEBU UNTUK MENCAPAI HASIL GULA OPTIMAL DI PT. INDOLAMPUNG PERKASA KABUPATEN TULANG BAWNAG, LAMPUNG." Agro Ekonomi 25, no. 2 (2016): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/agroekonomi.17279.
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Sugarcane in PT.ILP harvested by harvesting division through logging, unloading and transport. Logging is done in the form of sugar cane burn. The existence of a span of fuel to burn the sugar cane milling can undergo metabolism that cause decomposition of biodegradable polysaccharides or disaccharides, resulting in reduced cane sugar. Therefore, logging and proper and efficient transport can reduce the rate of decline in the value of pol and purity. Logging and transport in PT.ILP is done in three systems, namely Bundle Cane, Loose Cane, and Chopped Cane.This study aimed to determine : (i) differences in the ability of the system to send Cane Bundle, Loose Cane and Chopped Cane, and (ii) the composition of the optimal delivery system Cane Bundle, Loose Cane, and Chopped Cane. This study used a descriptive analytical method. The type of data collected and analyzed secondary data of sugarcane to the factory shipment in 2012 and in 2013 from Harvesting Division PT.ILP be burnt to crush report time (hour) per weeks. Methods of data analysis using quantitative analysis method of linear programming models.The result showed that there are differences in the average shipment of sugar cane to the factory PT.ILP systems Bundle Cane, Cane Loose, and Chopped Cane Cane Bundle cutting system where the highest followed Loose Cane cutting system. In addition, the result of the study also concluded that the average composition of the shipment of cutting system Bundle Cane, Cane Loose, and Chopped Cane currently not optimal in meeting the quota factory. This is evident from the composition of the shipment allocation of sugarcane to the factory PT.ILP on each cutting system (Bundle Cane, Cane Loose, and Chopped Cane) to change the composition of the previous allocation so that a change in the composition is still obtainable sugar production higher than before (still can be improved). A change in the number of workers cutting and variable costs per ton cane will change the composition of the optimal number of items cane to the mill.
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Doorasamy, Mishelle. "An Empirical Investigation of the Declining Sucrose Content in South African Sugar Cane." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 10, no. 3(J) (2018): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i3.2311.
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This study is aimed at investigating the declining sucrose levels in South African sugar cane using principal component analysis. The agricultural production of sugar cane has been one of the major sources of income to the South African economy. Sucrose has been classified in the analysis of Brix percentage of sugarcane juice as one of the most important parameters of sugar composition, due to its usefulness, among the components in sugar cane which are needed for farmers to generate income within the economy. However, data indicates that the sucrose content decline which began in 2014 is still ongoing, representing great loss to the farmers. To investigate this trend, this study has regressed the sucrose percentage in cane as a dependent variable against the ratio in Tons of cane to 1 Ton of sugar, tons of cane crushed, tons of sugar made, and yields per hectare of harvested cane. The study used correlation matrices, summary statistics and principal component analysis as tools in carrying out its investigation. From the regression result, the proportional composition value of sucrose which stands at 0.6059 - the highest compared to others in the model - indicates that it is an essential component in the chain of sugar production. However, when the maximum value of sucrose (14.24000) is compared with its minimum (12.92000), a remarkable decline is observed. Since a remarkable difference is also observed when the mean value of 13.55353 is compared with the standard deviation value of 0.378318, the study can conclude that the percentage level of sucrose is low compared to other explanatory variables. This typically signifies a decline in the value of sucrose when compared with other variables under investigation.