Journal articles: 'Sugar palm fiber (Arenga pinnata)'

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Arif, Astuti, M. Natsir Usman, and Fatmawaty Samma. "SIFAT ANTI RAYAP DARI EKSTRAK IJUK AREN (Arenga pinnata Merr.)." PERENNIAL 3, no. 1 (2007): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/perennial.v3i1.165.

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The fiber of sugar-palm tree Arenga pinnata Merr., locally known as ijuk, is frequently harvested after the tree age of 5 years and traditionally used as covering to protect ground-contact wood construction materials against organism attack, particularly subterranean termites. The effectiveness of sufar-palm tree fiber extract of marketed formation using acetone and and hexane againts subterannean termites (Coptotermes sp.) has been observed. The results showed that mortality of termite after 2 weeks is 100% on samples given the sugar-palm tree fiber extract, compared with the mortality of controls (without sugar-palm tree fiber extract) is 7,07% after 3 weeks. The consumption rate of termites opposited with the mortality value, due to the existence of bioactive components or chemical compounds having inhibitor or toxic against termites activities. Key words: Sugar-Palm Tree Fiber, Arenga pinnata, Antitermiticidal activities, Coptotermes sp.

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Aliputty, Aprilya Claudia, Fredy Leiwakabessy, and Merry Pattipeilohy. "UJI KUALITAS ORGANOLEPTIK DAN KADAR SERAT PADA PRODUK PANGAN JELLY DRINK BERBAHAN DASAR BUAH AREN (Arenga pinnata Merr) SERTA IMPLIKASINYA PADA MASYARAKAT TANIWEL." BIOPENDIX: Jurnal Biologi, Pendidikan dan Terapan 6, no. 2 (2020): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/biopendixvol6issue2page62-67.

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Background: Sugar palm plants (Arenga pinnata MERR) are plants that have great potential in terms of food shortages. Currently the main product of the palm sugar plantations is the sap of tapping male flowers made of palm sugar, sageru, vinegar and alcoholic drinks. In addition, all parts of the palm treeare useful and can be used for a variety of needs, ranging from roots, stems, leaves, fibers, and the results of their production are roomie, flour and fruit. This study aims to determine the organoleptic quality and jelly fiber content of drinks made from palm fruit (Arenga pinnata Merr). Methods: This study uses a gravimetric method to determine the levels of fiber in jelly drinks and hedonic methods to test organoleptics. Results: Based on the results of the analysis it can be concluded that the levels of jelly fiber drinks made from palm fruit are different. In the U-I test code the fiber content was 0,3446 while in the U-II test code it was 0,3127. Organoleptic test on jelly drink made from palm fruit showed the average for color parameters of 3, taste of 4.8, texture of 4.9, and suppleness of 4.5. This research is implied in the form of leaflets to the Taniwel community. Conclusion: The levels of jelly fiber drinks made from palm fruit are different. Organoleptic testing was carried out by 20 panelists who had tested the parameters of color, taste, texture and suppleness

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Yermia, Winiati Pudji Rahayu, Nugraha Edhi Suyatma, Tjahja Muhandri, and Eko Hari Purnomo. "Chemical and thermal properties of sugar palm fruits (Arenga pinnata) at different maturity levels." BIO Web of Conferences 169 (2025): 01012. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202516901012.

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Arenga pinnata plant produces a large amount of fruit, both young and matured. However, the utilization of sugar palm fruit remains limited. Young sugar palm fruit is generally processed into sweets, while matured sugar palm fruit is often discarded as waste. To optimize the utilization of sugar palm fruit, this study aimed to analyze its chemical composition and thermal properties. The chemical composition included water content, ash, fat, protein, carbohydrates, and crude fiber, while the thermal properties were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to measure the melting temperature and glass transition temperature. The results showed that matured sugar palm fruit had a lower water content (44.43%) and higher amounts of carbohydrates (53.07%) and crude fibre (12.30%). Additionally, matured sugar palm fruit exhibited a higher melting temperature (189.4100C) and a glass transition temperature (148.1300C). In contrast, young sugar palm fruit had a higher water content (88.169%) and a higher fat content (1.08%) compared to matured palm fruit (0.44%). Young sugar palm fruit also had a lower melting temperature (171.81°C) and glass transition temperature (137.85°C). This study concluded that the ripening stage significantly effects the chemical composition and thermal properties of sugar palm fruit.

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Arif, Astuti, Musrizal Muin, and Syahidah. "SIFAT FISIK IJUK DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI PERINTANG FISIK SERANGAN RAYAP TANAH." PERENNIAL 2, no. 1 (2006): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/perennial.v2i1.148.

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The fiber of sugar-palm tree Arenga pinnata Merr., locally known as ijuk, is traditionally used as covering to protect ground-contact wood construction materials although effectiveness of the material in protecting wood construction from biodeterioration has not been determined. In the current study, potential of the sugar-palm tree fiber as a physical barrier against termite attacks was analyzed in terms of their structure and physical characteristics. Samples of sugar-palm tree fibers from natural and marketed formations were prepared and determined for their fiber distribution, shapes, sizes, moisture content, density, and sheet grammage since these aspects were considered to be important factors influencing the penetration ability of termites. Results showed that each of the sugar-palm tree fibers has different shapes (half-round, round, rectangle) and different sizes (ranging from 0.05 to 1.00 mm in thickness). It was also found to have 3-5 ramifications with the angle of 10o – 30o. The process of branching out was supposed to initiate a natural insertion of each formed fiber to others. It is believed that fibers with particular arrangements are able to prevent the penetration or tunneling of termites. Keywords: Sugar- palm tree fiber, physical barrier, subterranean termites

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Pranoto, Yudi, Budi Ariyani Hermawati, Wahyu Supartono, and Agung Putra Pamungkas. "Utilization of Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) Dreg in Biodegradable Plastic Processing." Indonesian Food and Nutrition Progress 19, no. 2 (2023): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ifnp.63026.

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Bioplastics are made from biomass sources that can be decomposed naturally in a relatively short time compared to plastics produced from synthetic polymers plastic. Sugar palm dregs are a promising source for bioplastics due to their abundance and renewability, and they do not compete with human needs. Sugar palm dregs contain enough crude fiber (41.66%) to produce strong bioplastics. Chitosan and glycerol are added to improve the performance of bioplastics. The responses observed included tensile strength, elongation at break, young modulus, thickness, biodegradability, and water vapor permeability. This study aims to determine the factors’ effect on the response parameters and find the optimal multiresponse combination to fabricate sugar palm dreg-based bioplastics. The experimental design was determined using Taguchi method, and multiresponse analysis was carried out using the Grey Relational Analysis approach. The results show that adding sugar palm dreg increased the tensile strength, Young modulus, and thickness of bioplastics but decreased the elongation at break. Adding chitosan affected the water vapor permeability, and glycerol increased the biodegradation percentage of bioplastics. The optimal combination of sugar palm dreg bioplastic was 3 grams of sugar palm dreg, 2 grams of chitosan, and 3 grams of glycerol. The combination resulted in a tensile strength of 1.46 MPa, 24.49 of elongation at break, 6.08 MPa of young modulus, 0.28 mm of thickness, 100% of biodegradation, and 0.61 g.mm/kPa.hour.m2. The results show that sugar palm dreg bioplastic is potential as future food packaging.

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Huzaifah, M. R. M., S. M. Sapuan, Z. Leman, M. R. Ishak, and M. A. Maleque. "A review of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata): application, fibre characterisation and composites." Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures 13, no. 4 (2017): 678–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mmms-12-2016-0064.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the review of natural fibre composites as well as a specific type of fibre, i.e., sugar palm fibre and its composites. Design/methodology/approach The approach of this review paper is to present previous work on natural fibres and their composites. Then a review of several important aspects such as history, origin, botanic description, distribution, application and characterisation of sugar palm tree, and its fibre is presented. Finally a review of properties and characterisation of sugar palm composites is presented. Findings Findings of this review include the potential application of natural fibres and their composites for engineering application, the use of sugar palm and its fibres, as well as the suitability of sugar palm composites in engineering application after conducting review of their performance and characterisation. Originality/value The value of this review is to highlight the potential of natural fibres, natural fibre composites, sugar palm, sugar palm fibres and sugar palm composites as materials for engineering applications.

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Sylvana, Sylvana, Ai Nurlaila, and Deni Deni. "ANALISIS POTENSI DAN PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN AREN (Arenga pinnata Merr.) OLEH MASYARAKAT DI DESA TUNDAGAN KECAMATAN HANTARA KABUPATEN KUNINGAN." Journal of Forestry And Environment 5, no. 2 (2023): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/jfe.v5i2.9043.

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Tundagan Village is an area known as a producer of productive and high-quality brown sugar or palm sugar. Palm sugar is increasingly popular and in demand by the public along with public awareness to consume low-calorie foods. That is, palm sugar is actually in demand because of changing consumption patterns and awareness of natural ingredients that are better for the body. The high demand for palm sugar like this has made the people of Tundagan Village able to increase their economy through non-timber forest products (HHBK) the aren plant type. The problem with the potential and utilization of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata Merr.) is the lack of information about the production of sugar palm and the limitations of the types of production from the sugar palm plant. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential and utilization of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata Merr.) in Tundagan Village, Hantara District, Kuningan Regency. The method used in this study is research with observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The results of the identification of potential sugar palm plants in Tundagan Village showed that 34.1% of the unproductive plants, 17.5% were almost productive, 29.5% productive plants and 18.8% were not productive. The use of sugar palm plants by the people of Tundagan Village is still limited to sap, kolang kaling and palm fiber water. The community uses the sap water for the manufacture of printed sugar which will be commercialized later. Meanwhile, by-products such as kolang kaling and palm fiber are generally used by the community themselves, but are sometimes sold at certain times or seasons to support the economy.Desa Tundagan merupakan suatu daerah yang dikenal sebagai penghasil gula merah atau gula aren yang produktif serta memiliki kualitas tinggi. Gula aren semakin popular dan diminati masyarakat seiring dengan kesadaran masyarakat untuk mengkonsumsi makanan rendah kalori, Artinya, gula aren justru diminati karena pola konsumsi yang berubah dan kesadaran akan bahan-bahan alami yang lebih baik bagi tubuh. Tingginya permintaan gula aren seperti ini membuat masyarakat Desa Tundagan bisa meningkatkan perekonomiannya melalui Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu (HHBK) jenis tanaman aren. Permasalahan potensi dan pemanfaatan tanaman aren (Arenga pinnata Merr.) adalah minimnya informasi mengenai hasil produksi tanaman aren serta keterbatasan jenis produksi dari tanaman aren tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui potensi serta pemanfaatan tanaman aren (Arenga pinnata Merr.) di Desa Tundagan Kecamatan Hantara Kabupaten Kuningan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan metode observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner. Hasil identifikasi potensi tanaman aren di Desa Tundagan menunjukan bahwa tanaman yang belum produktif sejumlah 34,1%, hampir produktif 17,5%, tanaman yang produktif 29,5% dan yang tidak produktif itu di angka 18,8%. Pemanfaatan tanaman aren oleh masyarakat Desa Tundagan masih sebatas air nira, kolang kaling dan ijuk. Masyarakat memanfaatkan air nira untuk pembuatan gula cetak yang nantinya dikomersilkan. Sedangkan hasil ikutan seperti kolang kaling dan ijuk secara umum dimanfaatkan sendiri oleh masyarakat, namun terkadang dijual pada waktu atau musim tertentu untuk menunjang perekonomian

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Ritonga, Sally Irvina, Erna Frida, and Syahrul Humaidi. "Extraction and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Sugar Palm Fibres (Arenga Pinnata)." Prisma Sains : Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram 11, no. 2 (2023): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/j-ps.v11i2.7935.

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In this work, cellulose was isolated from sugar palm fibre (Arenga pinnata) and converted into sugar palm fibre nanocrystalline cellulose (NCCs) in the hamlet of Medan Sinembah, Indonesia. Alkalization and bleaching were the stages of the therapy process. The cellulose removed with 30 weight percent concentrated sulfuric acid was then used to isolate NCC. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the chemical make-up of sugar palm fibre and NCCs was identified. On the basis of structural analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for morphological examination, while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to look into NCCs. The outcomes demonstrated that the extracted cellulose underwent bleaching and alkalization processes, respectively, to eliminate lignin and hemicellulose. The diameters of the sugar palm fibre and NCCs were determined 69.025 µm to 6.07±0.14 nm and, respectively

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Hidayat, Lalu, and Muhamad Soimin. "ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHA PRODUK HASIL HUTAN BUKAN KAYU (HHBK) GULA AREN: STUDI KASUS KELOMOK TANI SABAR MENANTI LOMBOK TIMUR." Jurnal Silva Samalas 4, no. 2 (2021): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/jss.v4i2.4871.

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Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata merr), one of the tropical plants with important ecological and economic functions, produce various valuable non timber forest products in form of palm sugar, sap, fiber, flour, and leaves. A group of farmers run a business of palm sugar production in which the raw materials are collected from the forest. This study aimed to determine the business income of palm sugar and to evaluate the feasibility of palm sugar business that is run by the indigenous farmer community in Pringga Jurang Utara East Lombok. This study is descriptive explorative research with cencus data collection method, accommodating 20 farmers as respondents. The results show that the income of palm sugar business in a month is approximately of Rp. 374.894 and the feasibility score of palm sugar business is 2 ≥ 1 , indicating that each expenditure of Rp. 1 of the business generate the revenue of Rp. 2.

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Ruslan, Syarifah Majnah, Baharuddin Baharuddin, and Ira Taskirawati. "POTENSI DAN PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN AREN (Arenga pinnata) DENGAN POLA AGROFORESTRI DI DESA PALAKKA KECAMATAN BARRU KABUPATEN BARRU." PERENNIAL 14, no. 1 (2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/perennial.v14i1.5000.

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Non-Timber Forest Products (HHBK) are part of the forest ecosystem that has a role to nature as well as to humans. One of the HHBKs that has high economic value and is one of the rural livelihoods of the community is Aren. This study aims to determine the potential and utilization of palm trees (aren) in Palakka Village Barru District Barru . The methods used are survey method and interview. Data analysis includes the potentials of sugar palms and description of the result of interview about the utilization of palm trees in Palakka village, Barru regency. The results showed that Palakka village has 15 palm trees that can already be in production, and 45 palm trees that have not been produced. Respondents utilize palm crop products as brown sugar and palm wine, other uses of palm trees that their fiber (ijuk) can be utilized to make palm-fiber broom; and the leaves are used as a funnel, roof of the house and palm-stick brooms. Key words: Potency, Utilization, Aren, Agroforestry

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Sembiring, Timbangen. "Fabrication and characterization of palm sugar tree (Arenga pinnata) fiber composites reinforced by polyester resin." Functional materials 26, no. 1 (2019): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm26.01.121.

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Eliah, Herawati. "AKTIVITAS FARMAKOLOGI DAN FITOKIMIA AKAR, TANGKAI DAUN, BUAH, DAN BIJI AREN (Arenga pinnata) : REVIEW TANAMAN OBAT." Jurnal Buana Farma 2, no. 3 (2022): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36805/jbf.v2i3.550.

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The palm tree is a tree originating from Southeast Asia which belongs to the Aracecae family. Sugar palm is a plant that can be used to treat diseases. Palm fruit is rich in fiber (16.2%), protein (10.0%), minerals (7.9%), and (1.5%) fat. Roots, petioles, fruit, and palm seeds have pharmacological activity. According to several previous studies, palm root has activity as a diuretic. Then the palm leaf stalk has activity as a sunscreen. In addition, palm fruit seeds have antimicrobial activity and palm fruit itself has antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antiphotoaging activities.

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Sarwin Kumar Muniandy, S.M. Sapuan, R.A. Ilyas, Shah Faisal, and A. Azmi. "Sugar Palm Lignocellulosic Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite: a Review." Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites 1, no. 1 (2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.55043/jfpc.v1i1.36.

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Abstract. The increasing depletion of petroleum resources, as well as increased awareness of global environmental problems linked with the usage of petroleum-based plastics, are the key driving factors for the widespread acceptance of natural fibres and biopolymers composites. Sugar palm fibre (Arenga pinnata Wurmb. Merr) is one of Malaysia's most abundant and renewable fibres. The purpose of this paper is to explore the development of a sugar palm lignocellulosic fibre reinforced polymer composite. SPF is mostly composed of cellulose (43.88 %), which results in good mechanical properties. According to the review of literature, no comprehensive review article on sugar palm lignocellulosic fibre reinforced polymer composite has been published. The current investigation is focused on the mechanical, thermal, and morphological aspects of SPFs and polymers. The research also demonstrates the potential of SPF polymer hybrid composites for industrial applications such as automotive, household goods, packaging, bioenergy, and others.

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Huzaifah, M. R. M., S. M. Sapuan, Z. Leman, and M. R. Ishak. "Comparative study on chemical composition, physical, tensile, and thermal properties of sugar palm fiber (Arenga pinnata) obtained from different geographical locations." BioResources 12, no. 4 (2017): 9366–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.12.4.9366-9382.

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Physical, mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fiber were investigated for specimens obtained from three different locations: Kuala Jempol (Peninsular Malaysia), Tawau (West Malaysia), and Tasik Malaya (Indonesia). The morphology of the fiber were observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the thermal properties by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile properties according to ASTM D3379, and chemical analysis by using neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). This study confirmed that in sugar palm fiber, the highest chemical content of cellulose resulted in the highest strength and thermal stability of the fiber. Fiber originating from Kuala Jempol had the highest cellulose content of 44.53%, followed by Indonesia (44.47%) and Tawau (43.75%). Kuala Jempol fiber (233.28 MPa) also had the highest tensile strength, followed by Indonesia (211.03 MPa) and Tawau (201.30 MPa), which was affected by the cellulose content in the fiber. Thus, fiber originating from Kuala Jempol had better quality than the others as a reinforcement material in manufacturing of polymer composites.

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Ibrahim, Abu Hatim, Leman Zulkiflle, and S. M. Sapuan. "Tensile Properties of Impregnated Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) Fibre Composite Filled Thermosetting Polymer Composites." Advanced Materials Research 701 (May 2013): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.701.8.

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The effect of fibre modification via vacuum resin impregnation on tensile properties of sugar palm fibre reinforced thermosetting composites was studied. The fibres were impregnated with unsaturated polyester, vinylester and epoxy at the pressure of 600mmHg (79.99kPa) for 30 mins. After curing time, it was observed that tensile strength of impregnated fibre was significantly increased with epoxy (EPX) was the best with 188.06 MPa. It was followed by unsaturated polyester (UP) and vinylester (VE) with 107.12 MPa and 158.31 MPa. However, tensile modulus for sugar palm fibre impregnated with EPX increased up to 21% compared to un-impregnated sugar palm fibre followed by UP (12.7%) and VE (8.4%). It was observed that different impregnation agents gave different values of strength of sugar palm fibre composites.

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Bachtiar, D., S. M. Sapuan, E. S. Zainudin, A. Khalina, and K. Z. M. Dahlan. "The tensile properties of single sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibre." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 11 (May 1, 2010): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/11/1/012012.

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Suhendra, Dede, Muhammad Parikesit Wisnubroto, and Muhammad Aulia Rahman. "Penampang Anatomi dan Pertumbuhan Apokol Tanaman Aren di Kecamatan Pulau Punjung Kabupaten Dharmasraya (Arenga pinnata L)." JURNAL AGROPLASMA 11, no. 2 (2024): 488–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.36987/agroplasma.v11i2.6274.

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The sugar palm plant is a potential plant because almost all parts of the sugar palm tree are useful and can be used for various needs,starting from the roots,stems,leaves, fibers and its products (nira, starch or flour, and fruit)the main product of the sugar palm plant is nira which is processed into various products, such as sugar,alcohol,and biofuel.Sugar palm plants generally live in tropical environments).Sugar palm is a type of palm plant that has a very wide distribution in Indonesia, with an area of 62,009 ha, consisting of Sumatra with an area of 15,802 ha, Java 19,757 ha, Bali 587 ha, NTB 1,816 ha, Kalimantan5,401 ha, Sulawesi16,951 ha and Maluku 1,696 ha. Sugar palm seeds consist of seed coat (testa), endosperm, and embryo, and the embryo becomes a food reserve for apokol. Apokol is a white coral tissue where shoots and roots grow, appearing 2-4 weeks after planting.The development of the potential of sugar palm has problems related to the availability of sugar palm seeds which are currently still hampered because the nature of sugar palm seeds is waterproof so that it will inhibit the ability of the seeds to germinate. The growth process of sugar palm beginswith the emergenceapokol after that shoots will appear in the germinations. But no ideal apokol was found thatlong in determining the process of shoot growth. This study was conducted where the results of the data on apokol diameter, apokol length, root length and number of roots were obtained. Keywords : apocol, anatomy, bud

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Mahardiani, Lina, Elisabeth Nugrahini, Wirawan Ciptonugroho, Endang Susilowati, and Sulistyo Saputro. "The Effectiveness of Arenga Pinnata Fiber Carbon Modified with Iron Oxide as an Adsorbent for Various Cationic Dyes." Key Engineering Materials 963 (October 13, 2023): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-x2yjrt.

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Disposing of dyes without proper treatment can cause water pollution because disposable dyes have a complex composition and are inert, so they must be adequately treated before being discharged into the waters. Using carbon from sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fiber waste modified with iron oxide can be an alternative functional adsorbent for dye waste. The production of this practical adsorbent starts with carbonation of palm sugar fiber, chemical activation using H2SO4, incipient wetness impregnation with Fe(NO3)3.9H2O and ends with calcination at various temperatures of 200 °C, 300 °C; and 400 °C for 2 hours. The resulting carbon adsorbent material is characterized using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared), XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), and SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis. In addition, the absorption capacity of the adsorbent for the dye waste is tested using the UV-VIS (Ultraviolet-Visible) instruments.

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Sudarisman, S., S. Hamdan, H. Sosiati, and K. Krisdiyanto. "effect of hybrid ratio on the flexural properties of Arenga Pinnata fiber/E-glass fiber/polyester hybrid composites." Journal of Applied Research and Technology 22, no. 1 (2024): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/icat.24486736e.2024.22.1.2176.

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Hybrid ratio effect on flexural properties of sugar palm/E-glass fiber hybrid-reinforced polyester composites has been investigated. Before being embedded, the sugar palm fiber was taken off from its original mesh, washed, alkali-treated, and chopped into ~10 mm long. The specimens were cut from composite plates having different hybrid ratios, fabricated using cold pressed technique. The total fiber volume fraction was kept at ~0.21, where four hybrid ratios, and two span-to-depth ratios were used. The E-glass was arranged unidirectionally and placed right on the surface of a bottom mold and wetted using the matrix, and the SPF was then evenly poured on the wet E-glass arrangement in randomly oriented pattern. Specimen preparation and testing were carried out according to the ASTM D790 standard, where the E-glass sides were placed in tension sides of the beams. It was found that flexural strength, and strain at maximum stress significantly increase with the increase of hybrid ratio.

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Munawar, N. S. Z., M. R. Ishak, R. M. Shahroze, M. Jawaid, and M. Y. M. Zuhri. "An investigation of the morphological and tensile properties of vacuum resin impregnated sugar palm fibers with various thermosetting resins." BioResources 14, no. 3 (2019): 5212–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.3.5212-5223.

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Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) is a type of natural fiber that belongs to the Palmae family. It is versatile, readily available, and virtually the entire tree can be formed into many different products. This paper discusses the effect of vacuum resin impregnation on a single sugar palm fiber (SPF) using various thermosetting resins such as epoxy, vinyl ester (VE), and polyester (PE). The fibers were vacuum impregnated at a constant pressure of 600 mmHg for 5 min. The excessive resins were wiped off, and the impregnated fibers were cured in an oven for approximately 30 min at a temperature of 140 °C. Following this, the tensile properties of the single SPF impregnated with epoxy, VE, and PE were determined. The results indicated that impregnation of SPF with epoxy resin increased the tensile strength and modulus of SPF 50% and 59%, respectively. Scanning electron microscope images also illustrated that the epoxy resin offered better impregnation on the SPF compared to the other thermosetting resins. A suitable application for the impregnated SPF is as a roofing material.

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Khor, L. S., Leman Zulkiflle, and C. H. Lee. "Interfacial Debonding Force and Shear Strength of Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) Fiber Reinforced Composites by Pull-Out Test." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 1931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.1931.

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An experimental investigation was performed to understand the pulling out behaviour of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibers from unsaturated polyester (UP) composites. The effect of embedded length on the fiber-matrix interface was studied. Fibers were treated with UP and phenol formaldehyde (PF). Untreated fibers were used as the control. Single fiber pull-out tests were carried out for 360 specimens to determine the debonding force and interfacial shear strength (IFSS). Significant increase in debonding force of untreated fiber and UP-impregnated fiber was observed from embedded length of 2 mm to 3 mm. However, no significant increase was observed for the embedded length of more than 3 mm. Debonding force showed remarkable improvement with ascending order of untreated fibers, PF-impregnated fibers, and UP-impregnated fibers. The optimum embedded lengths of untreated fibers and UP fibers were determined. Additional finding showed that the interfacial shear strength decreased as the embedded length increased. However, UP-impregnated fibers showed the highest IFSS value, followed by PF fibers and untreated fibers. Analysis using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was also included to justify the result.

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Samlawi, Achmad Kusairi, Pathur Razi Ansyah, and Gunawan Rudi Cahyono. "Technical analysis of biocomposite reinforced with sugar palm (Arenga Pinnata) fiber for jukung materials." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1034, no. 1 (2021): 012154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1034/1/012154.

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M, Iskandar A., Wirando Wirando, and Gusti Eva Tavita. "POTENSI DAN PEMANFAATAN AREN (Arenga pinnata) OLEH MASYARAKAT DI DESA GEMA KECAMATAN SIMPANG DUA KABUPATEN KETAPANG." JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI 11, no. 4 (2023): 854. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jhl.v11i4.64258.

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The sugar palm plant (Arenga pinnata) is a versatile palm plant that can be used in almost all parts and has economic value. The research objective was to obtain information on the potential and utilization of Aren for further use by the community in Gema Village, Simpang Dua District, Ketapang Regency. The research was carried out in February-March 2022 using the census method, namely to take an inventory of sugar palm plants based on growth rates, interviews and documentation. The results showed that there were 242 individual Aren plants in Gema Village, Simpang Dua District, Ketapang Regency with a potential of 47.93% not yet productive Aren plants, 26.85% almost productive Aren plants, 9.91% productive Aren plants, and 9.91% non-productive Aren plants. Productive 15.41%. The people of Gema Village, Simpang Dua District, Ketapang Regency use male flowers which can produce palm sap water as a raw material for making palm sugar, which is divided into jiroh (liquid sugar), solid sugar (brown sugar) and ant sugar. In addition, the fruit is used as fruit and fro, the leaves are used as a wrapper for solid sugar (brown sugar) and broom sticks and fibers are used as a substitute for filters and as a lid for water.Keywords: Aren, Potential Aren, Utilization Of Aren.AbstrakTumbuhan Aren (Arenga pinnata) merupakan tumbuhan palma yang serbaguna dapat dimanfaatkan hampir disemua bagian dan memiliki nilai ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan informasi terhadap potensi dan pemanfaatan Aren untuk selanjutnya dapat dimanfaatatkan secara terus menerus oleh masyarakat di Desa Gema Kecamatan Simpang Dua Kabupaten Ketapang. Penelitian dilaksanaan pada Februari-Maret 2022 menggunakan metode sensus, yaitu untuk menginventarisasi tumbuhan Aren berdasarkan tingkat pertumbuhan, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat sejumlah 242 individu tumbuhan Aren di Desa Gema Kecamatan Simpang Dua Kabupaten Ketapang dengan potensi tumbuhan Aren belum produktif 47,93%, tumbuhan Aren hampir produktif 26,85%, tumbuhan Aren sedang prodktif 9,91%, dan tumbuhan Aren tidak produktif 15,41%. Masyarakat Desa Gema Kecamatan Simpang Dua Kabupaten Ketapang memanfaatkan bunga jantan yang dapat menghasilkan air nira Aren sebagai bahan baku pembuatan gula Aren yang terbagi menjadi jiroh (gula cair), gula padat (gula merah) dan gula semut. Selain itu buah dimanfaatkan sebagai kolang-kaling, daun dimanfaatkan sebagai pembungkus gula padat (gula merah) maupun sapu lidi dan ijuk dimanfaatkan sebagai penganti penyaring maupun sebagai tutup labu air.Kata kunci: Aren, Potensi Aren, Pemanfaatan Aren.

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Nugrahini, Elisabeth, Lina Mahardiani, Ida Setiarini, and Wieke Helma Anjelina. "Synergy of Carbon Nanofiber Innovation from Zinc Oxide Modified Sugar Palm Fiber as Advanced Materials for Arsenic Heavy Metal Waste Remediation." JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia) 7, no. 2 (2022): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jkpk.v7i2.55969.

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Heavy metal wastes cause water pollution. One of them is very toxic arsenic heavy metal waste; thus, treating them before they are released freely into the waters is necessary. In this case, the manufacture of carbon nanofibers (CNF) from sugar palm fiber waste is an innovation that can produce adsorbents to remediate heavy metals, thereby increasing the use value of sugar palm fiber waste. Carbon nanofiber from palm fiber (Arenga pinnata) was modified with ZnO metal, with varying concentrations of 0.1%, 1%, and 10%, in 1 gram of carbon nanofiber. Carbon nanofibers were made by carbonizing sugar palm fibers at 300oC for two hours. Furthermore, wet impregnation was carried out with Zn(CH3COO)2.2H2O and ended with calcination at 250oC for an hour, resulting in black nanofiber powder. This research was conducted to determine the effect of ZnO concentration on the characteristics of the carbon nanofiber produced and its effectiveness in remediating heavy metal arsenic. The ZnO/carbon nanofiber adsorbent material was then characterized using FTIR, XRD, and SEM analyses. Determination of the absorption of ZnO/carbon nanofibers on heavy metal arsenic was also assessed employing AAS analysis.

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Karjunita, Nike, Dede Suhendra, Wulan Kumala Sari, and Sri Heriza. "EXPLORATION AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SUGAR PALM (Arenga pinnata Merr.) IN SIKAKAP, MENTAWAI ISLANDS." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 27, no. 1 (2025): 17–21. https://doi.org/10.31186/jipi.27.1.17-21.

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Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata), a member of the Arecaceae (Palmae) family within the Angiospermae group, is a multifunctional plant with significant economic value. Its sap serves as a primary ingredient for palm sugar production, while its young fruit is consumed as food, its fibers are utilized for roofing, and its trunk is processed into handicrafts. However, concerns have arisen regarding the plant’s declining availability due to imbalanced cultivation. A key factor contributing to the low cultivation interest among farmers is the prolonged maturation period of sugar palm. To support conservation efforts and sustainable management, morphological characterization is crucial in determining genetic relationships, which can assist breeders in preserving germplasm stability. This study aimed to assess the morphological characteristics and genetic diversity of sugar palm populations in Sikakap District, Mentawai Islands. The research was conducted from August to November 2024 using a survey method with purposive sampling. Morphological data were collected through direct observation, analyzed descriptively, and similarity relationships were determined using NTSYS Ver. 2.10 software. The exploration identified 15 accessions categorized into two groups, with genetic similarity levels ranging from 27% to 50%. A similarity coefficient of 27% indicates significant morphological variation among the observed accessions, particularly in plant height, sheath length, stem circumference, number of leaflets, leaflet width, leaflet length, and fruit diameter. The accession Pagai Selatan (PS2) exhibited the greatest morphological divergence. These findings provide valuable insights for conservation strategies and selective breeding programs aimed at maintaining the genetic diversity and sustainability of sugar palm populations.

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Suriaman, Irwan, Jooned Hendrarsakti, Yati Mardiyati, and Ari Darmawan Pasek. "THE EFFECT OF ALKALI TREATMENT ON IMPROVING THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RAMIE (BOEHMERIA NIVEA), SUGAR PALM (ARENGA PINNATA), AND COIR (COCOS NUCIFERA) FIBERS." ASEAN Engineering Journal 11, no. 3 (2021): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/aej.v11.17053.

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In line with economic growth, material requirements in the industrial sector will increase. Industries are required to use materials that are safe for human health, environmentally friendly and utilize local raw materials. Currently, industries in general still use synthetic materials based on petroleum residues that contain many hazardous chemicals. Therefore, natural fiber has the potential to be used as a substitute for synthetic materials, especially in Indonesia which is rich in natural fibers resources. This will have an impact on the socio-economy of the local community so that it can grow the rural economic sector. Natural fibers have high economic value that can be used for various raw material needs for strategic industries. A good natural fiber processing mechanism will produce products that can be marketed globally with guaranteed product quality. This research analyzes the effect of alkali treatment of ramie, sugar palm and coir fiber on the increase in mechanical properties of the fiber. The mechanical properties were analyzed through tensile strength testing of single fiber according to ASTM D3822 standard using a textechno favigraph machine. In addition, this research is supported by data from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the fibers that had been given an alkali treatment had better mechanical properties compared to untreated fibers. Increased tensile strength of fibers was observec after being treated with alkali for ramie 81%, sugar palm 52% and coir 56%. The advantage of this alkaline treatment method is that no heating is involved and the treatment procedures are more practical compared to other methods.

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Hasibuan, Halimatus Syahdia, Muhammad P. Wisnubroto, Edwin Edwin, Dewi Rezki, and Yulistriani Yulistriani. "Identification and Morphological Characterization of Sugar Palm Plants (Arenga pinnata Merr.) Growing on Different Altitudes." JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN 19, no. 2 (2023): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/jbdp.2023.19.2.99.

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Trees of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata Merr.) can grow at an altitude of 0-1400 m above sea level. The best growth of the trees is at an altitude of 500-700 m above sea level. Sugar palm trees also have a wide adaptability to various environmental conditions. The purpose of this research was to determine the morphological characteristicss of sugar palm plants grown at an altitude of 500, 650, and 900 m above sea level so that the kinship relationship can be known. This research was conducted at three altitudes in Lareh Sago Halaban District, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra, namely Nagari Labuah Gunung (altitude 900 m above sea level), Nagari Bukik Sikumpa (altitude 650 m above sea level), and Nagari Tanjung Gadang (altitude 500 m above sea level) from July to August 2023. The method used was a survey with a purposive sampling technique. Identification was carried out on 36 morphological characters, including stems, leaves, fibers, fruits, and seeds. The data obtained were analyzed for their diversity and similarity. The results of the identification and characterization of qualitative and quantitative morphological characters at three different altitudes showed a relatively narrow diversity value. The overall morphological characters of the sugar palm plants were divided into 2 large groups with a coefficient value of 0.72 or 72% similarity distance.

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Nitya Santhiarsa, I. Gusti Ngurah, I. Gusti Ayu Agung Praharsini, I. Gusti Agung Alit Suryawati, and Pratikto Pratikto. "Analysis of mechanical strength of weight fraction variation sugar palm fiber as polypropylene-elastomer matrix reinforcement of hybrid composite." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 5, no. 12(113) (2021): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.238507.

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Currently, the availability of polypropylene, elastomer and sugar palm fiber (Arenga pinnata) is very abundant, which has a good impact on the potential for the development of new composite materials that have good properties and characteristics. Composites are generally a new material composed of two or more different materials with the aim of producing a new material that has better properties than the constituent material. In this study, polypropylene (PP) plastic and elastomer were used as a composite matrix reinforced with sugar palm fiber (Arenga pinnata). The purpose of this study was to determine the value of tensile strength, impact strength, and bending strength of composites with a weight fraction of 20 % (80:20), 30 % (70:30), and 40 % (60:40). Based on the results of the research on hybrid composites of polypropylene and fiber-reinforced elastomers, composites with a weight fraction of 20 % (80:20) got the lowest tensile strength value of 1.153 MPa, while composites with a weight fraction of 40 % (60:40) obtained the highest tensile strength value of 2.613 MPa. Composites with a weight fraction of 20 % (80:20) got the lowest tensile strain value of 0.0049 and the highest tensile strain value of 0.0067 was found in composites with a weight fraction of 40 % (60:40). For the impact strength, the 40 % (40:60) weight fraction composite got the lowest value of 45248.234 kJ/mm2, while the 20 % (80:20) weight fraction composite got the highest impact strength of 17649.97 kJ/mm2. For bending strength results, the composite with a weight fraction of 20 % (80:20) obtained the lowest bending strength of 1.7778 MPa, while the composite with a weight fraction of 30 % (70:30) obtained the highest bending strength of 4.8867 MPa. The highest bending strain was found in the composite with a weight fraction of 20 % (80:20), which was 0.0207.

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Afifa, Morina Widya, Yossi Oktorini, and Mukhamadun . "VALUASI EKONOMI AREN (Arenga pinnata MERR) DI DESA KIYAP JAYA KECAMATAN BANDAR SEIKIJANG KABUPATEN PELALAWAN PROVINSI RIAU." JURNAL ILMU-ILMU KEHUTANAN 6, no. 1 (2022): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jiik.6.1.16-23.

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Aren (Arenga pinnata Merr) was one of the non-wood forest products that could be used start from sap, fruit, palm fiber, stems, leaves, and roots. Almost all products have economic value. This research was to study the benefits and have the economic values in Kiyap Jaya Village, Bandar Sei Kijang District, Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province. This recearch used a qualitative descriptive method by using economic analysis by asking for market prices and obtaining productivity. The sugar palm parts that are truly utilized by the community are roomie, fruit, and roots. As for the fibers, the stems and leaves has not been maximally utilized. The sap was used as an alternative medicine for diabetes mellitus and kidney failure. The Fruit was useful as a mixture of food and roots that are used as a tonic and urinary stones. The total economic value in the Kiyap Jaya Village was Rp. 31,450,000 per stem in one year, which was the highest economic value in the room of Rp. 25,550,000 per-month.

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Fitriana, N. E., A. Suwanto, T. H. Jatmiko, S. Mursiti, and D. J. Prasetyo. "Cellulose extraction from sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibre by alkaline and peroxide treatments." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 462 (April 18, 2020): 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/462/1/012053.

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Jamal, Tarique, and Mohd Sapuan Salit. "Flammability and Soil Burial Performance of Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata (wurmb) merr) Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites." Toward Successful Implementation of Circular Economy 31, S1 (2023): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/pjst.31.s1.06.

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This study investigates the effects of soil burial and flammability on sugar palm fibre (SPF) (Arenga pinnata (wurmb) merr)-reinforced epoxy composites. In order to determine the flammability and biodegradability properties, experiments are conducted in accordance with ASTM standards. The hand lay-up method was used to fabricate composite samples with two different weight ratios between epoxy and SPF, which were 70:30 and 50:50. Biodegradability and flammability properties were investigated using horizontal burning tests, limiting oxygen index (LOI), cone calorimetry, and soil burial. It was found that the Epoxy/SPF-50 was the composite that exhibited the fastest degradability at 0.81%/week. The result of the horizontal burning test showed that the addition of SPF reduced the burning rate but slightly increased it at 50 wt% because the ratio between epoxy and SPF exceeds the optimum fibre loading. The Epoxy/SPF-50 exhibited a better LOI value at 23.3 than pure epoxy (control), which was 19.8. From the cone calorimetry test, it was observed that the time to ignition (TTI) and total heat release (THR) values were decreased when the amount of SPF increased. Char production increases the flame-retardant protection of SPF-reinforced epoxy composites. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no published study has been conducted on the flammability and biodegradability characteristics of SPF-reinforced epoxy composites.

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I, Gusti Ngurah Nitya Santhiarsa, Gusti Ayu Agung Praharsini I, Gusti Agung Alit Suryawati I, and Pratikto Pratikto. "Analysis of mechanical strength of weight fraction variation sugar palm fiber as polypropylene-elastomer matrix reinforcement of hybrid composite." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 5, no. 12 (113) (2021): 20–29. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.238507.

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Currently, the availability of polypropylene, elastomer and sugar palm fiber (Arenga pinnata) is very abundant, which has a good impact on the potential for the development of new composite materials that have good properties and characteristics. Composites are generally a new material composed of two or more different materials with the aim of producing a new material that has better properties than the constituent material. In this study, polypropylene (PP) plastic and elastomer were used as a composite matrix reinforced with sugar palm fiber (Arenga pinnata). The purpose of this study was to determine the value of tensile strength, impact strength, and bending strength of composites with a weight fraction of 20 % (80:20), 30 % (70:30), and 40 % (60:40). Based on the results of the research on hybrid composites of polypropylene and fiber-reinforced elastomers, composites with a weight fraction of 20 % (80:20) got the lowest tensile strength value of 1.153 MPa, while composites with a weight fraction of 40 % (60:40) obtained the highest tensile strength value of 2.613 MPa. Composites with a weight fraction of 20 % (80:20) got the lowest tensile strain value of 0.0049 and the highest tensile strain value of 0.0067 was found in composites with a weight fraction of 40 % (60:40). For the impact strength, the 40 % (40:60) weight fraction composite got the lowest value of 45248.234 kJ/mm2, while the 20 % (80:20) weight fraction composite got the highest impact strength of 17649.97 kJ/mm2. For bending strength results, the composite with a weight fraction of 20 % (80:20) obtained the lowest bending strength of 1.7778 MPa, while the composite with a weight fraction of 30 % (70:30) obtained the highest bending strength of 4.8867 MPa. The highest bending strain was found in the composite with a weight fraction of 20 % (80:20), which was 0.0207.

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Ishak, M. R., Zulkiflle Leman, S. M. Sapuan, M. Z. A. Rahman, and U. M. K. Anwar. "Effects of Impregnation Pressure on Physical and Tensile Properties of Impregnated Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) Fibres." Key Engineering Materials 471-472 (February 2011): 1153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.471-472.1153.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of impregnation pressure on physical and tensile properties of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibres. The fibre was impregnated with phenol formaldehyde (PF) and unsaturated polyester (UP) with different impregnation pressures (1000, 900, 800, 700, 600 and 500 mmHg) at constant impregnation time of 5 min. Significant improvement in physical properties was observed due to reduction of moisture content (MC) and water absorption (WA) after being impregnated from 1000 to 500 mmHg while PF-impregnated fibre was showing more superior. Improvement in mechanical properties was also observed after being impregnated where much better tensile properties and toughness were found at UP-impregnated fibres while PF-impregnated fibres were found to be very much lower in toughness. This study concluded that in order to obtain a high toughness and better physical properties of sugar palm fibre, the fibre should be impregnated with UP resin with impregnation pressure of 600 mmHg.

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Prasetyo, Dwi Joko, Nur Evita Fitriana, Wahyu Anggo Rizal, et al. "Utilization of Peroxide Bleached Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) Fibre Waste into Cellulose Nano Crystal." Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri 13, no. 1 (2022): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21771/jrtppi.2022.v13.no1.p35-42.

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Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibre (SPF) waste is a side product of sugar palm starch production and needs to be processed to avoid environmental pollution. Since the SPF has high cellulose content, it can be beneficial if it is valorized into high-value products such as cellulose nanocrystal (CNC). The CNC production from SPF was initiated by cellulose production by using an environmentally friendly peroxide bleaching as elementary chlorine free bleaching method. The CNC production was conducted via sulfuric acid hydrolysis at a temperature of 40°C, solid/liquid ratio of 1:10, and hydrolysis time of 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes. The same functional groups were observed in all CNC samples, including the appearance of the ester sulfate group. The decrease in yield and crystallinity index (CrI) as the hydrolysis time was observed. These phenomena were caused by the degradation of the crystalline structure of cellulose and the formation of the ester sulfate group. The measurement of CNC diameter size was carried out by using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. The CNC diameter was below 100 nm which indicated the nanoparticle formation was observed at CNC produced at hydrolysis times of 75 and 90 minutes. In conclusion, CNC production was successfully produced from peroxide bleached SPF which is more environmentally friendly than the conventional method using chlorite bleached cellulose. Furthermore, it is needed to optimize the production of SPF CNC in further research.

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Ilyas, R. A., S. M. Sapuan, Rushdan Ibrahim, et al. "Thermal, Biodegradability and Water Barrier Properties of Bio-Nanocomposites Based on Plasticised Sugar Palm Starch and Nanofibrillated Celluloses from Sugar Palm Fibres." Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy 14, no. 2 (2020): 234–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2020.1951.

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Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) starch and fibre are considered as a waste product of the agroindustry. The purpose of the current study is to determine the thermal, water barrier, and soil degradation properties of biodegradable plasticised sugar palm starch (PSPS) that contains sugar palm nanofibrillated celluloses (SP-NFCs) derived from sugar palm fibre. The bio-nanocomposites were fabricated by using the solution-casting method with the nanocellulose contents in the range of 0.1 wt.%–1.0 wt.%. The thermal stability, water resistance and degradation behaviour improved with increase in SP-NFCs content, due to high compatibility and strong inter-molecular hydrogen bonds formed between PSPS and SP-NFCs. PSPS/SP-NFCs bio-nanocomposites with 1.0 wt.% SP-NFCs content displayed the highest mechanical and thermal stability. Residue that was left during the TGA analysis increased as the SP-NFCs content was increased. Soil burial tests showed biodegradability resistance of the bio-nanocomposites. The following conclusions can be drawn from the present reinforcement study of SP-NFCs enhanced biodegradability, water barrier as well as thermal properties of starch polymer which extended the prospective application of environmentally-friendly polymer material. Potential applications for this eco-material are short product life cycles (plastic packaging and food container).

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Ilyas, RA, SM Sapuan, MSN Atikah, et al. "Effect of hydrolysis time on the morphological, physical, chemical, and thermal behavior of sugar palm nanocrystalline cellulose (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr)." Textile Research Journal 91, no. 1-2 (2020): 152–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517520932393.

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Sugar palm nanocrystalline celluloses (SPNCCs) were isolated from sugar palm fiber (SPF). In this study, acid hydrolysis (60 wt. %) at different reaction times (30, 45, and 60 min) was carried out to investigate the optimum yield of NCC. The physical properties, degree of polymerization, chemical composition, structural analysis, crystallinity, surface area and charge, zeta potential, thermal analysis, and morphological characterization were also conducted to determine the outcome (efficiency) of the process. The results showed that a needle-like shape was observed under transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. TEM analysis showed optimum aspect ratios of 13.46, 14.44, and 13.13 for isolated SPNCC-I, SPNCC-II, and SPNCC-III, respectively. From thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the degradation temperature of NCC decreased slightly from 335.15℃ to 278.50℃ as the reaction time increased. A shorter hydrolysis time tended to produce SPNCC with higher thermal stability, as proven in thermal analysis by TGA. The optimal isolation time was found to be around 45 min at 1200 rpm during hydrolysis at 45℃ with 60% sulfuric acid. Therefore, the extracted SPNCC from SPF has huge potential to be utilized in the bionanocomposite field for the production of biopackaging, biomedical products, etc.

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Jahja, Mohamad, Ali Mudatstsir, Idawati Supu, et al. "How Effective Are Palm-Fiber-Based Erosion Control Blankets (ECB) against Natural Rainfall?" Sustainability 16, no. 4 (2024): 1655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16041655.

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Rainfall-induced soil erosion is a significant environmental issue that can lead to soil degradation and loss of vegetation. The estimated global annual loss increased by 2.5% over 11 years, from 35 billion tons in 2001 to 35.9 billion tons in 2012, mainly due to spatial changes. Indonesia is predicted to be among the largest and most intensively eroded regions among countries with higher soil erosion, regarded as hot-spots higher than 20 Mg yr−1 ha−1. Due to climate change, natural rainfall patterns in the tropical regions have been subject to change, with a lower number of rainy days and increased intensity of precipitation. Such changes trigger more soil erosion due to heavier rainfall kicking up dried soil particles that are exposed in the bare embankments. Unfortunately, there is no prevention available in developing countries due to the lack of availability and high prices of mitigation techniques such as terraces and covering areas with geotextiles or blankets. Erosion control blankets (ECBs) have emerged as a potential solution to mitigate soil erosion. This research article aims to evaluate the effectiveness of sugar-palm-fiber-based ECB in reducing soil erosion caused by natural rainfall. The study investigates the effectiveness of sugar-palm-based ECB in protecting against erosion at the designated embankment. During the three months of typical rainy seasons (February to April 2023), total eroded mass (kg) was collected and measured from two adjacent microplots (10 m2 each), one covered with ECB and the other one left as uncovered soil (bare soil). The results indicate that eroded mass is proportional to rainfall, with coefficients of 0.4 and 0.04 for bare soil and ECB-covered embankments, respectively. The total soil loss recorded during the monitoring period was 154.6 kg and 16.7 kg for bare and ECB-covered soil, respectively. The significantly high efficiency of the up to 90% reduction in soil losses was achieved by covering the slope with sugar-palm-fiber-based ECB. The reason for this may be attributed to the intrinsic surface properties of sugar palm fiber ropes and the soil characteristics of the plot area. Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fiber has higher lignocellulosic contents that produce a perfect combination of strong mechanical properties (higher tensile strength and young modulus) and a higher resistance to weathering processes. Although the cost of production of handmade sugar-palm-fiber-based ECB is now as high as 4 EUR, further reductions in cost production can be achieved by introducing machinery. Compared to typical ECBs which have smaller openings, sugar-palm-based ECB has larger openings that allow for vegetation to grow and provide it with a lower density. As such, we recommend improvements in the quality of palm-fiber-based ECB via the introduction of further automation in the production process, so that the price can be reduced in line with other commercially available natural fibers such as jute and coir.

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Leman, Zulkiflle, S. M. Sapuan, and S. Suppiah. "Sugar Palm Fibre-Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Composite Interface Characterisation by Pull-Out Test." Key Engineering Materials 471-472 (February 2011): 1034–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.471-472.1034.

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Polymer composites using natural fibres as the reinforcing agents have found their use in many applications. However, they do suffer from a few limitations, due to the hydrophilicity of the natural fibres which results in low compatibility with the hydrophobic polymer matrices. This paper aims to determine the best sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibre surface treatment to improve the fibre-matrix interfacial adhesion. Fibre surface modifications were carried out by water retting process where the fibres were immersed in sea water, pond water and sewage water for the period of 30 days. The test samples were fabricated by placing a single fibre in an unsaturated polyester resin. Single-fibre pull-out tests showed that freshwater-treated fibres possessed the highest interfacial shear strength, followed by untreated fibres, sewage water-treated fibres, and sea water-treated fibres. Further surface analyses of the samples were performed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and an Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) system.

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KARINA, MYRTHA, RAHMAT SATOTO, AH DAWAM ABDULLAH, and RIKE YUDIANTI. "PROPERTIES OF NANOCELLULOSE OBTAINED FROM SUGAR PALM (ARENGA PINNATA) FIBER BY ACID HYDROLYSIS IN COMBINATION WITH HIGH-PRESSURE HOMOGENIZATION." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 54, no. 1-2 (2020): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2020.54.04.

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Handayani, P. A., J. E. Nethania, D. H. K. Triaji, W. D. P. Rengga, and R. Wulansarie. "Effect of H₂O₂ Catalyst on The Ozonation Process of Sugar Palm Fruit Flour (Arenga pinnata Merr.)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1381, no. 1 (2024): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1381/1/012011.

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Abstract Sugar palm fruit is a functional food ingredient but its utilization is hindered by its high-water content, that affects its shape and color. To address this issue, an innovation solution emerged to process it into flour to extend shelf life. The sugar palm fruit flour exhibiting a brownish color and whiteness degree (L*) below 80 indicate a deviation from flour standards. Hence, bleaching is needed to enhance flour whiteness. This bleaching procedure involves ozonation with varying H2O2 concentrations (2%, 3%, and 4%) over durations of 30, 60, and 90 minutes and the ratio of water:flour used was in the range of 24:1, 27:1, and 30:1 (wt/wt). Following ozonation, the slurry is separated from water using a centrifuge, then dried in a 60°C incubator until dry, followed by grinding and sieving through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain fine flour. Results were assessed for whiteness degree (L*) and analysed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimal treatment achieved 80.086 whiteness degree (L*), 24.277:1 (wt/wt) ratio of water:flour, and 85.227 minutes ozonation, and 3.841% H2O2 concentration. Proximate analysis showed 65.07% carbohydrate, 2.20% protein, 0.59% fat, 17.40% crude fiber, 13.89% water, and 0.84% ash. The 2nd order polynomial equation is obtained Y = 79,21 − 1,91x1 + 1,38x3.

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41

Ishak, M. R., Z. Leman, S. M. Sapuan, M. Z. A. Rahman, and U. M. K. Anwar. "Chemical Composition and FT-IR Spectra of Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) Fibers Obtained from Different Heights." Journal of Natural Fibers 10, no. 2 (2013): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2012.733517.

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Rachman, Benny. "Karakteristik Petani dan Pemasaran Gula Aren di Banten." Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi 27, no. 1 (2017): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/fae.v27n1.2009.53-60.

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English The Arenga pinnata palm trees do not only produce sap but also multipurpose products, such as edible fruits, building materials, fibers, and wax. Palm sugar agribusiness development copes with both technical and non technical constraint, e.g. low-skilled farmers, low yield, and less value added. To improve farmer’s capacity there are some steps to take, namely: (a) technical and management training, (b) provision of improved seed and processing unit equipments, (c) institutional and marketing empowerment, and (d) implementing better aren farming system. Furthermore, to increase farmer’s bargaining position it is essential to strengthen farmers’ groups through collective marketing system with farmers’ groups association, as well as farmers’ skill enhancement. Indonesian Aren, Arenga pinnata merupakan tanaman serbaguna yang tidak hanya menghasilkan nira tetapi juga buah aren, bahan bangunan, ijuk dan sapu. Pengembangan agribisnis gula aren di Banten masih menghadapi hambatan teknis dan non teknis, seperti rendahnya keterampilan petani, rendahnya hasil produksi dan nilai tambah. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan langkah-langkah operasional yaitu : (a) pelatihan teknis dan manajemen, (b) penyediaan bibit, sarana dan prasarana pengolahan, (c) penguatan kelembagaan dan pemasaran, dan (d) penerapan budidaya aren secara sistematis. Untuk meningkatkan posisi tawar petani dapat ditempuh melalui pemberdayaan kelompok tani aren dengan mewujudkan sistem pemasaran secara kolektif dengan koperasi atau Gabungan Kelompok tani (Gapoktan), disertai dengan peningkatan keterampilan petani.

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Ishak, M. R., Zulkiflle Leman, S. M. Sapuan, M. Z. A. Rahman, and U. M. K. Anwar. "Effects of Impregnation Time on Physical and Tensile Properties of Impregnated Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) Fibres." Key Engineering Materials 471-472 (February 2011): 1147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.471-472.1147.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of impregnation time on physical and tensile properties of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibres. The fibre was impregnated with phenol formaldehyde (PF) and unsaturated polyester (UP) with various impregnation times (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 min) at constant impregnation pressure of 1000 mmHg, before it was released within 30 s. Significant improvement in physical properties was observed after being impregnated for 5 min especially for fibre impregnated with PF due to its low moisture content (MC) and water absorption (WA). However, no significant changes in specific gravity for both impregnated fibres were observed. Fibre impregnated with UP for 5 min shows notable improvement in tensile strength and better fibre toughness while the fibre impregnated with PF showed lower tensile strength and elongation at break and higher tensile modulus than un-impregnated fibre. Since the PF-impregnated fibre become brittle and results in lower fibre toughness as shown in the stress strain behavior, this causes for poor fibre properties. However, there was no significant difference (p≤0.05) between all impregnated fibres in physical and tensile properties after impregnation time was extended from 10 to 25 min. In general, by increasing time of impregnation did not give much effect in improving physical and tensile properties of fibres.

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Sherwani, S. F. K., E. S. Zainudin, S. M. Sapuan, Z. Leman, and K. Abdan. "Mechanical Properties of Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata Wurmb. Merr)/Glass Fiber-Reinforced Poly(lactic acid) Hybrid Composites for Potential Use in Motorcycle Components." Polymers 13, no. 18 (2021): 3061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13183061.

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This research aims to determine the mechanical properties of sugar palm fiber (Arenga pinnata Wurmb. Merr) (SPF)/glass fiber (GF)-reinforced poly(lactic acid) (PLA) hybrid composites for potential use in motorcycle components. The mechanical (hardness, compressive, impact, and creep) and flammability properties of SPF/GF/PLA hybrid composites were investigated and compared to commercially available motorcycle Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) plastic components. The composites were initially prepared using a Brabender Plastograph, followed by a compression molding method. This study also illustrated the tensile and flexural stress–strain curves. The results revealed that alkaline-treated SPF/GF/PLA had the highest hardness and impact strength values of 88.6 HRS and 3.10 kJ/m2, respectively. According to the results, both alkaline and benzoyl chloride treatments may improve the mechanical properties of SPF/GF/PLA hybrid composites, and a short-term creep test revealed that the alkaline treated SPF/GF/PLA composite displayed the least creep deformation. The findings of the horizontal UL 94 testing indicated that the alkaline-treated SPF/GF/PLA hybrid composites had good flame resistance. However, alkaline-treated SPF/GF/PLA composites are more suitable materials for motorcycle components.

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Ilyas, Rushdan Ahmad, Salit Mohd Sapuan, Rushdan Ibrahim, et al. "Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr) cellulosic fibre hierarchy: a comprehensive approach from macro to nano scale." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 8, no. 3 (2019): 2753–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.04.011.

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Huzaifah, M. R. M., S. M. Sapuan, Z. Leman, and M. R. Ishak. "Comparative study of physical, mechanical, and thermal properties on sugar palm fiber (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr.) reinforced vinyl ester composites obtained from different geographical locations." BioResources 14, no. 1 (2018): 619–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.1.619-637.

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Sugar palm fibers (SPF) reinforced vinyl ester (VE) composites were prepared in this study. The SPFs were obtained from three different geographical locations: Kuala Jempol (Peninsular Malaysia), Tawau (West Malaysia), and Tasik Malaya (Indonesia). The SPFs were utilized as reinforcement material with a fixed loading of 10 wt.%. The reinforced VE composites were prepared using a wet lay-up compression moulding method. The physical properties examined were water absorption, thickness swelling, and moisture content. To determine the strength of the SPF composites, tests on the tensile, flexural, and impact strength related to mechanical properties were completed. A thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was completed to observe the thermal properties. This study confirmed that the properties of the composites were affected by the strength of the fiber. The SPF/VE composites obtained from Kuala Jempol had the highest tensile, flexural, and impact strength compared to the SPF/VE composites from Indonesia and Tawua. In addition, SPF Jempol/VE also recorded the highest percentage of water absorption, thickness swelling, and moisture content. A comparison of thermal properties showed that SPF Tawau/VE had highest percentage of mass loss between fibers from the three geographic locations.

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Lubis, Maulida, Muhammad A. Prayogo, Mara B. Harahap, et al. "The effect of fibre loading on characterization and mechanical properties of polyurethane foam composites derived waste cooking oil, polyol and toluene diisocyanate with adding filler sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibre." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1122, no. 1 (2021): 012109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1122/1/012109.

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Victor, Inneke, and Valérie Orsat. "Characterization of Arenga pinnata (Palm) Sugar." Sugar Tech 20, no. 1 (2017): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12355-017-0537-3.

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Aidah, Yuyu, Ita Novita, and Siti Masithoh. "Development Strategy For Palm Sugar (Arenga Pinnata)." JURNAL AGRIBISAINS 10, no. 1 (2024): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/jagi.v10i1.10023.

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This study aims to determine the characteristics of palm sugar farmers and artisans, identify the internal and external factors affecting palm sugar development, and propose alternative development strategies for palm sugar in Sukamulya Village, Cikembar District, Sukabumi Regency. The selection of this location was purposive, considering that Sukamulya Village is a palm sugar-producing village. The research was conducted in April-May 2023. The analytical methods used in this study included the Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) matrix, External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrix, Internal-External (IE) matrix, and SWOT matrix. Respondents were determined through a census, with a total of 20 respondents being palm sugar farmers and artisans in Sukamulya Village. The results of the IFE matrix assessment obtained a total score of 2.45, the EFE matrix obtained a total score of 2.58, and the IE matrix was in cell (V) (hold and maintain). Product development can be achieved through product diversification and innovation. From the assessment of the SWOT matrix analysis, 7 alternative marketing strategies were identified for palm sugar farmers and artisans in Sukamulya Village, Cikembar District, Sukabumi Regency.

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Manatar, Jardewig E., Julius Pontoh, and Max R. J. Runtuwene. "ANALISIS KANDUNGAN PATI DALAM BATANG TANAMAN AREN (Arenga pinnata)." JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS 12, no. 2 (2012): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jis.12.2.2012.560.

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ANALISIS KANDUNGAN PATI DALAM BATANG TANAMAN AREN (Arenga pinnata) ABSTRAK Penelitian dilakukan untuk menganalisis kandungan pati dalam batang tanaman aren (Arenga pinnata) dengan caramengetahui variabilitas kandungan pati pada pohon aren di beberapa lokasi yang berbeda di Tomohon dan hubungannya dengan beberapa faktor produktivitas tanaman. Penelitian yang dilaksanakan meliputi pengambilan sampel, pengukuran kadar air, preparasi sampel, pembuatan kurva standar, dan analisis pati. Hasilnya menunjukkan adanya perbedaan kandungan pati pada berbagai posisi di pengaruhi oleh produktivitas dari masing-masing pohon aren dari beberapa lokasi yang berbeda di Tomohon. Kandungan pati yang tertinggi diperoleh sekitar 1 m di bawah bunga betina pertama pada Posisi 5 bervariasi dari 26-37 %. Kandungan pati diatas 35 % dijadikan indikasi tanaman akan menghasilkan nira yang baik. Kata kunci : A. pinnata, Kandungan Pat. ANALYSIS OF STARCH CONTENT IN STALK PALM SUGAR PLANT (Arenga pinnata) ABSTRACT The research do to analyze starch content in stalk palm sugar plant (Arenga pinnata) with to know the variability of starch content in palm sugar plant at some different location in Tomohon and the relationship with some productivity factors of plant. The research activities included starch sampling, measurement of water content, sample preparation, making standard curve and analysis of starch content. The results showed different starch content at various position at a tree and in the trees at various locations in Tomohon. The starch content corelated to the productivity of each palm sugar trees at different location in Tomohon. The highest of starch content found about one meter under first female flower at the fifth position has variation from 26-37%. Starch content above 35% indicated that tree will produce juice. Keywords : A. pinnata, Starch Content

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Journal articles on the topic 'Sugar palm fiber (Arenga pinnata)'

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