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Journal articles on the topic 'Suicide behaviors'
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1
Crosby, Alex E., Mark P. Cheltenham, and Jeffrey J. Sacks. "Incidence of Suicidal Ideation and Behavior in the United States, 1994." Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior 29, no. 2 (1999): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1943-278x.1999.tb01051.x.
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Completed suicides reflect only a portion of the impact of suicidal behavior; sublethal behaviors cause morbidity and can signal treatable problems such as depression. There is no national quantification of nonlethal suicidal behaviors. The present study used a random‐digit‐dialed telephone survey to estimate the 12‐month incidence of suicidal ideation, planning, and attempts among U.S. adults. Of 5,238 respondents, 5.6% (representing about 10.5 million persons) reported suicidal ideation, 2.7% (about 2.7 million) made a specific suicide plan, and 0.7% (about 700,000) made a suicide attempt (estimate = 1.1 million attempts). Hence, suicidal behaviors are not uncommon and occur along a continuum ranging from ideation to completed suicides. Preventing nonlethal precursor behaviors may prevent deaths.
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Kułak-Bejda, Agnieszka, Grzegorz Bejda, Magdalena Lech, and Napoleon Waszkiewicz. "Are Lipids Possible Markers of Suicide Behaviors?" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 2 (2021): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10020333.
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Suicides and suicidal behaviors are very important causes of mortality and morbidity and have become a serious global problem. More than 800,000 people die from suicide every year. Previous researches have established that lipids play an important role in the pathogenesis of suicide. Moreover, lipid levels might be a biological marker of suicide. A lot of researchers have tried to identify biological markers that might be related to depressive disorder, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia and suicidal behavior. It was also important to consider the usefulness of an additional tool for prevention actions. Metabolic deregulation, particularly low total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins-cholesterol levels may cause higher suicide risk in patients with these psychiatric disorders.
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Suherman, Suherman. "INITIAL STUDY OF LINGUISTIC; VERBAL AND NONVERBAL SIGN OF ATTEMPTED SUICIDE AMONG ADOLESCENTS." Elevate The International Journal of Nursing Education, Practice and Research 1, no. 1 (2018): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/elevate.1.1.29-32.2018.
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Increasing number of suicide cases, especially in adolescents, becomes problems that require serious treatment. Adolescence is a period of transition and hormonal development that can affect the emotions or mood. It is known that before attempting suicide, there are signs of language or linguistic such as verbal and nonverbal as an indication of the suicidal behavior action. This systematic review aims to identify these signs based on the results of several studies. There were 12 articles that have reviewed, the results showed there are three aspect that can be identified: used language from the suicider; perception of suicider toward the behaviour; and observerd behaviours. Most of the suicider express the feeling of Hopeless, Self-balming, feeling depressed and lonely, and also withdraw from society. It is expectedthat the result can be used as basic data toindentify signs and symptoms of suicide in adolescents.
 
 Keywords: observed behaviors, suicide language; emotional expression
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Griffith, James. "Suicide in the U.S. army: stressor-strain hypothesis among deployed and nondeployed Army National Guard soldiers." Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research 7, no. 3 (2015): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-05-2014-0125.
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Purpose – Study samples, having responded to similar survey content, allowed examination of suicide risk factors for deployed soldiers relative to nondeployed or home station soldiers. Specific research questions addressed by this study are: First, what is the prevalence of suicidal behaviors among Army National Guard (ARNG) soldiers – deployed or not, and how do these rates compare with known US national and international rates? Second, what are stressful life events associated with suicidal risk? How do these compare between deployed and nondeployed soldiers? Third, what specifically about combat exposure makes soldiers at risk for suicide? And fourth, is there any evidence of stress-buffering effect between risk factors and suicidal behaviors? The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Three data sources were used. First, the responding sample for the Unit Risk Inventory consisted of 180 company-sized units with a total of 12,567 responding soldiers. Second, the responding sample for the Unit Risk Inventory-Reintegration consisted of 50 company-sized units with a total of 4,567 soldiers. The third data source was all ARNG suicides for calendar years 2007 through 2012. For each calendar year, a random sample of 1,000 ARNG soldiers was drawn to represent nonsuicides. This resulted in a study sample size of 6,523, including the 523 suicides for the years 2007 through 2012 plus 1,000 nonsuicide cases for each calendar year. Findings – Prevalence of suicidal behaviors among soldiers was higher (for thoughts, plans, and attempts, respectively, 4-6, 1.3-2.2, and 0.7-0.08 percent) than among civilian populations (respectively, 2.6, 0.7, and 0.4 percent). Risk was highest among home station than deployed soldiers. Stressful life events associated with suicide risk included personal feelings of loneliness, anger, and frustration, followed by interpersonal behavioral problems, such as aggressive behavior toward a significant other and having committed a crime. Also evident are the beneficial effects (as a main effect and buffering effect) of feelings of cohesiveness, quality leaderships, and job satisfaction on suicidal behaviors. Research limitations/implications – Findings here were consistent with the stressor-strain hypothesis. Stressful life events were associated with suicide risk, especially, personal feelings of loneliness, anger, and frustration, followed by interpersonal behavioral problems, such as aggressive behavior toward a significant other and having committed a crime. Evident, too, were the beneficial effects of feelings of cohesiveness, quality leaderships, and job satisfaction on suicidal behaviors. Soldiers reporting these events were less likely to report suicidal behaviors and social support lessened the cumulative effect of risk factors on suicidal behaviors. Given these findings, it seems that suicide risk in the military is not uniquely different from that observed in civilian populations. The higher prevalence of suicides in the military likely has to do with proportionally more individuals who have historically shown to be at risk for suicide, namely, young males. Practical implications – Strong association of individual-level attributes with suicidal behaviors, such as age, gender, and race, suggest individual-level vulnerability to suicidal behaviors. This expectation is consistent with the stress/suicide vulnerability theory (Bryan, 2014; Nock et al., 2013). Such vulnerabilities may include negative affectivity (one of the Big Five personality dimensions) and early childhood trauma to suicidal behaviors (Griffith, 2012a, 2014). Social implications – Suicide, related constructs, and their underlying processes need to be further examined in future research. Their understanding would be useful in screening individuals most at risk for suicidal behaviors, with referral and treatment, if needed. Practically, such vulnerabilities in relation to what specific experiences could be determined, potentially describing which individuals are suited best to adapt to which environments. Originality/value – There has been much research on the increased suicides in the military, and to date, studies have focussed primarily on traumatic events, such as, deployments and combat exposure associated with suicidal behaviors. Yet, studies have almost exclusively examined the combat-suicide connection without reference to suicide risk factors among nondeployed or home station soldiers. This study fills this gap by examining survey responses to standardized questionnaires administered to ARNG soldiers during calendar year 2010 – one sample of deployed units either to Iraq or to Afghanistan and another sample of nondeployed or home station units.
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Liu, Xingyun, Jiasheng Huang, Nancy Xiaonan Yu, Qing Li, and Tingshao Zhu. "Mediation Effect of Suicide-Related Social Media Use Behaviors on the Association Between Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempt: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 4 (2020): e14940. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14940.
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Background A limited number of studies have examined the differences in suicide-related social media use behaviors between suicide ideators and suicide attempters or have sought to elucidate how these social media usage behaviors contributed to the transition from suicidal ideation to suicide attempt. Objective Suicide attempts can be acquired through suicide-related social media use behaviors. This study aimed to propose 3 suicide-related social media use behaviors (ie, attending to suicide information, commenting on or reposting suicide information, or talking about suicide) based on social cognitive theory, which proposes that successive processes governing behavior transition include attentional, retention, production, and motivational processes. Methods We aimed to examine the mediating role of suicide-related social media use behaviors in Chinese social media users with suicidal risks. A sample of 569 Chinese social media users with suicidal ideation completed measures on suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicide-related social media use behaviors. Results The results demonstrated that suicide attempters showed a significantly higher level of suicidal ideation (t563.64=5.04; P<.001; two-tailed) and more suicide-related social media use behaviors, which included attending to suicide information (t567=1.94; P=.05; two-tailed), commenting on or reposting suicide information (t567=2.12; P=.03; two-tailed), or talking about suicide (t542.22=5.12; P<.001; two-tailed). Suicidal ideation also affected suicide attempts through the mediational chains. Conclusions Our findings thus support the social cognitive theory, and there are implications for population-based suicide prevention that can be achieved by identifying behavioral signals.
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Yamamoto, Mana, Mai Sakai, Zhiqian Yu, Miharu Nakanishi, and Hatsumi Yoshii. "Glial Markers of Suicidal Behavior in the Human Brain—A Systematic Review of Postmortem Studies." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 11 (2024): 5750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115750.
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Suicide is a major public health priority, and its molecular mechanisms appear to be related to glial abnormalities and specific transcriptional changes. This study aimed to identify and synthesize evidence of the relationship between glial dysfunction and suicidal behavior to understand the neurobiology of suicide. As of 26 January 2024, 46 articles that met the inclusion criteria were identified by searching PubMed and ISI Web of Science. Most postmortem studies, including 30 brain regions, have determined no density or number of total Nissl-glial cell changes in suicidal patients with major psychiatric disorders. There were 17 astrocytic, 14 microglial, and 9 oligodendroglial studies using specific markers of each glial cell and further on their specific gene expression. Those studies suggest that astrocytic and oligodendroglial cells lost but activated microglia in suicides with affective disorder, bipolar disorders, major depression disorders, or schizophrenia in comparison with non-suicided patients and non-psychiatric controls. Although the data from previous studies remain complex and cannot fully explain the effects of glial cell dysfunction related to suicidal behaviors, they provide risk directions potentially leading to suicide prevention.
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De Leo, D., A. Milner, A. Fleischmann, et al. "The WHO START Study." Crisis 34, no. 3 (2013): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000193.
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Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) study entitled Suicide Trends in At-Risk Territories (START) is an international multisite initiative that aims to stimulate suicide research and prevention across different areas of the globe. A central component of the study is the development of registration systems for fatal and nonfatal suicidal behaviors. Aims: This paper provides an overview of the data collected on suicidal behaviors from the participating locations in the START study. Method: Descriptive statistics on the data are presented in terms of age, sex, and method. Results: A greater proportion of suicide deaths occurred among males. In all areas except the Philippines more females than males engaged in nonfatal suicidal behaviors. Compared to Australia, Italy, New Zealand, the Philippines, and Hong Kong SAR, in the Pacific Islands suicide most often occurs in younger age groups. Results indicate notable variations between countries in choice of method. A greater proportion of suicides occurred by hanging in Pacific Islands, while inhalation of carbon monoxide, use of firearms, ingestion of chemicals and poisons, and drug overdose were the most frequent methods of choice in other areas. Conclusion: The information drawn from this study demonstrates the enormous variation in suicidal behavior across the areas involved in the START Study. Further research is needed to assess the reliability of the established data-recording systems for suicidal behaviors. The baseline data established in START may allow the development of suicide prevention initiatives sensitive to variation in the profile of suicide across different locations.
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Renaud-Charest, Olivier, Alexander Stoljar Gold, Elise Mok, Jessica Kichler, Meranda Nakhla, and Patricia Li. "Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Attempts, and Suicide Deaths in Adolescents and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." Diabetes Care 47, no. 7 (2024): 1227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc24-0411.
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BACKGROUND Evidence is lacking on the risk of suicide-related behaviors (suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, suicide death) in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D). PURPOSE We aimed to 1) determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and suicide deaths in adolescents and young adults (AYA) with T1D aged 10–24 years; 2) compare suicide-related behavior prevalence in youth with and without T1D; and 3) identify factors associated with suicide-related behaviors. DATA SOURCES A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycInfo up to 3 September 2023. STUDY SELECTION We included observational studies where investigators reported the prevalence of suicide-related behaviors among AYA aged 10–24 years with T1D. DATA EXTRACTION We collected data on study characteristics, data on prevalence of suicide-related behaviors, and data on associated factors. DATA SYNTHESIS We included 31 studies. In AYA with versus without T1D, pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation was 15.4% (95% CI 10.0–21.7; n = 18 studies) vs. 11.5% (0.4–33.3; n = 4), respectively, and suicide attempts 3.5% (1.3–6.7; n = 8) vs. 2.0% (0.0–6.4; n = 5). Prevalence of suicide deaths ranged from 0.04% to 4.4% among youth with T1D. Difficulties with T1D self-management were frequently reported to be associated with higher rates of suicide-related behaviors. However, findings on the association of glycemic levels and suicide-related behaviors were inconsistent. LIMITATIONS There was a considerable level of heterogeneity in meta-analysis of both suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. CONCLUSIONS Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts are prevalent in AYA with T1D. Current evidence does not suggest that these rates are higher among AYA with T1D than rates among those without.
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Wang, Haitao, and Kyung-O. Kim. "Associations of Body Mass Index and Lifestyle Factors with Suicidal Ideation, Planning, and Attempts Among Korean Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study." Healthcare 13, no. 12 (2025): 1470. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13121470.
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Background: Unhealthy lifestyles constitute significant risk factors for adolescent suicide, and their detrimental effects may persist from adolescence into adulthood. This research study sought to examine how Body Mass Index (BMI), alongside various lifestyle behaviors among teenagers in Korea, correlates with suicidal thoughts, the formulation of suicide plans, and actual suicide attempts. Methods: The research examined unprocessed information collected during the 2022 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS), which was administered by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA). Lifestyle factors associated with suicidal behavior were selected as independent variables. The sample was stratified according to BMI for further analysis. Logistic regression models were applied to assess the association between lifestyle factors and the risk of adolescent suicide. Results: The analysis identified significant correlations between unhealthy dietary patterns, hazardous drinking behavior, smoking, and a sleep duration of less than 5 h, all of which were associated with a heightened suicide risk among adolescents. Notably, underweight adolescents who had a sleep duration of less than 5 h demonstrated a markedly elevated risk of suicidal ideation (OR = 2.391, 95% CI [1.035–5.525]). Among overweight adolescents, frequent coffee consumption was significantly associated with both suicidal planning (OR = 1.850, 95% CI [1.133–3.020]) and suicide attempts (OR = 1.958, 95% CI [1.024–3.742]). Importantly, hazardous drinking behavior was strongly associated with suicide attempts (OR = 2.277, 95% CI [1.132–4.580]). Non-smoking behavior exhibited a significant relationship with a decreased likelihood of suicidal ideation (OR = 0.706, 95% CI [0.507–0.983]) and suicidal planning (OR = 0.528, 95% CI [0.299–0.930]). Furthermore, among obese adolescents, non-smoking behavior significantly decreased the risk of suicidal ideation compared to smoking (OR = 0.514, 95% CI [0.297–0.887]). Conclusions: The study revealed that the combined impact of unhealthy behaviors—smoking, eating an unhealthy breakfast, sleeping for less than 5 h, and hazardous drinking behavior—significantly affect suicide-related behaviors in adolescents. The interaction between BMI and lifestyle factors is a critical determinant of these behaviors. Specifically, sleep health exerts a substantial influence on suicide-related behaviors in underweight adolescents, while smoking strongly correlates with suicidal behaviors in overweight and obese adolescents. Targeted attention to the interplay of smoking, diet, sleep, and alcohol consumption with BMI is crucial for the early detection and prevention of adolescent suicide.
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Barea, M. ValverDe, M. O. Solis, C. Mata Castro, and F. Cartas Moreno. "Suicidal behaviors in the elderly. About a case." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (2021): S583—S584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1557.
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IntroductionSuicide is a global health problem. The elderly is the range with the highest suicide rate and suicidal behaviors are more lethal, with greater planning and less possibility of rescue. In the elderly, Major Depressive Disorder is the diagnosis most frequently associated with suicidal behavior. 15% of the elderly with a depressive picture commit suicide. Loneliness, the main cause of suicides in the elderly population.ObjectivesThe objective of the clinical case presented is to address the risk factors for suicide in the elderly.Methods80-year-old patient, widower who makes a suicide attempt by ingesting glyphosate. Personal history: Acute myocardial infarction 1 month ago. Not mental illness. Family stressors: illness of his granddaughter, loss of his son’s job. Personal stressors: Loss of autonomy due to ischemic heart disease. The patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit with acute pulmonary edema secondary to the suicide attempt. Psychopathological exploration: Conscious, oriented and collaborative. Depressive mood in relation to the stressors presented. Makes partial criticism of the suicide attempt, recognizes its seriousness and planning.ResultsDiagnosis: Moderate depressive episode. SAD PERSONS scale: 9 High risk.ConclusionsThe risk factors for suicide in older people can be medical, psychiatric, psychological, family environment and social - environmental factors. There are hardly any specific action protocols that allow early intervention and suicide prevention in the elderly. As social health professionals, we must work on the elaboration and application of these, since consummated suicide represents a major public health problem throughout the world.
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Predescu, Elena, and Roxana Sipos. "Self-Harm Behaviors, Suicide Attempts, and Suicidal Ideation in a Clinical Sample of Children and Adolescents with Psychiatric Disorders." Children 10, no. 4 (2023): 725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10040725.
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Suicidal ideation and self-harm behaviors have been found to be important risk factors for suicide. The aim of this study was to explore the rates of psychiatric disorders among different groups of patients with suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and non-suicidal self-harm behaviors and to identify the associated socio-demographic and clinical variables. We conducted a cross-sectional study with emergency-admitted patients presenting with non-suicidal self-harm behaviors, suicide attempts, or suicidal ideation to the emergency room of the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Data were collected from the patients’ charts using a questionnaire that contained socio-demographic and clinical variables. A total of 95 patients aged between 6 and 18 years were included in the study. Ingesting medication and cutting were the most frequently used methods to attempt suicide. Depression and mixed affective and conduct disorders were the diagnoses most commonly associated with suicidal behavior. Girls with depressive symptoms were more probable to have suicide attempts than boys, and girls with depressive symptoms and behavioral problems registered more self-harm behaviors. Further research should systematically examine the relationship between self-harm behaviors and suicide attempts and the profile of patients at risk of future suicide attempts.
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de Leo, Diego, and Travis Heller. "Social Modeling in the Transmission of Suicidality." Crisis 29, no. 1 (2008): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.29.1.11.
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Abstract. Evidence from twin, adoption, and family studies suggests that there is strong aggregation of suicidal behaviors in some families. By comparison, the role of social modeling through peers has yet to be convincingly established. This paper uses data from four large studies (the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Suicidal Behaviour, the WHO/SUPRE-MISS, the CASE study, and the Queensland Suicide Register) to compare the effects of exposure to fatal and nonfatal suicidal behavior in family members and nonfamilial associates on the subsequent suicidal behavior of male and female respondents of different ages. Across all studies, we found that prior suicidal behaviors among respondents' social groups were more important predictors of suicidal behavior in the respondents themselves than previous research had indicated. Community-based suicide attempters in the WHO SUPRE-MISS had higher rates of exposure to prior suicide in nonfamilial associates than in family members. In an adolescent population, exposure to prior fatal suicidal behavior did not predict deliberate self-harm when exposure to nonfatal suicidal behavior (both familial and social) were controlled for, but exposure to nonfatal suicidal behaviors in family and friends was predictive of deliberate self-harm and suicide ideation, even after controlling for exposure to fatal suicidal behavior. The potential impact of “containment” of information regarding suicidal behaviors as a prevention initiative is discussed, in light of information behavior principles of social marketing.
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Holaday, Tara C., and Amy M. Brausch. "Suicidal imagery, history of suicidality, and acquired capability in young adults." Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research 7, no. 3 (2015): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-10-2014-0146.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of suicide-related mental imagery in suicidal behavior. It was hypothesized that greater frequency and vividness of suicide-related imagery would be associated with more suicidal behaviors, and acquired capability for suicide was expected to mediate this relationship. Hypotheses were tested by surveying 237 undergraduate students (59 percent female; mean age=20) who completed self-report measures that assessed suicidal cognitions, acquired capability for suicide, and history of self-harm behaviors. Design/methodology/approach – Hypotheses were tested by surveying 237 undergraduate students (59 percent female; mean age=20) who completed self-report measures that assessed suicidal cognitions, acquired capability for suicide, and history of self-harm behaviors. Findings – Results suggested that frequency and vividness of suicide-related imagery were positively correlated with suicidality. Acquired capability was not related to study variables; thus additional mediational analysis was unwarranted. Originality/value – Few studies have examined suicidal imagery and how it relates to actual self-harm behavior. The current study provides an exploratory view of features of imagery related to suicidal thoughts; findings imply that understanding mental imagery may play an important role in clinical risk assessment and treatment for suicidality.
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Nurtanti, Susana, Sri Handayani, Nita Yunianti Ratnasari, Putri Halimu Husna, and Tantut Susanto. "Characteristics, causality, and suicidal behavior: a qualitative study of family members with suicide history in Wonogiri, Indonesia." Frontiers of Nursing 7, no. 2 (2020): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fon-2020-0016.
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AbstractObjectiveThis study explored the characteristics, causality, and suicidal behavior among family members with suicide history in Wonogiri, Central Java, Indonesia.MethodsQualitative semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 family members who had made suicide attempts. The interviews directly explored the relationships among characteristics, causality, and suicidal behavior. The research data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman approach.ResultsThe results indicate that there are relationships among characteristics, causality, and suicidal behaviors. The characteristics contributing to suicide attempts were male gender, age (adolescence and old age), lack of religious activities, introvert nature, low economic status, chronic diseases, unemployment, and a history of family members with suicide attempts. The causality of suicide was joblessness, economic crisis, unemployment, family conditions, personality disorder, depression, sickness, and suicide ideation.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the relationships among characteristics, causality, and suicidal behaviors. Suicide occurs when individuals have some problems that they cannot solve because of the lack of family support. The causal factors were related to one another, which caused the suicidal behavior. One of the most effective suicide prevention strategies is educating the community on how to identify suicidal signs and increase social supports.
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Cosman, D., B. Nemes, and D. C. Herta. "Active screening of suicide risk in an adolescent population." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (2011): 1610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73314-4.
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IntroductionSuicide has emerged as one of the most important causes of death in the age group 15–34 and ranks as the second cause of death after traffic accidents and other injuries in the age group 15–19. In Europe, more than 13,000 young men and women aged 15–24 die by suicide each year. Therefore, identifying risk factors for suicidal behavior has become a priority, and suicide prevention in the young population is a major area of interest for public health professionals, stakeholders and researchers.AimTo actively screen for a range of unhealthy behaviors used as cut-offs in the Romanian SEYLE (Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe) sample, and to assess their significance as risk factors for suicidal behavior.Method1143 9th grade pupils aged between 14 and 16 from 16 high schools in two counties in North-Western Romania were randomized in the SEYLE protocol. They were screened for suicidal ideation and behavior, depression, anxiety and a number of risk-taking behaviors: non-suicidal self injury, unhealthy eating behavior, sensation seeking & delinquent behavior, substance abuse, increased exposure to media, limited social relationships, bullying, and truancy.Results and conclusionsSuicidal behavior in adolescents is commonly associated with anxiety and a number of risk-taking behaviors, which may be used as warning signs while actively screening for suicide risk in adolescent populations. Although a high number of at-risk pupils were identified at baseline, no completed or attempted suicides were recorded in the assessed sample at 3-months follow-up.
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Piqueras, José Antonio, Victoria Soto-Sanz, Jesús Rodríguez-Marín, and Carlos García-Oliva. "What is the Role of Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in Adolescent Suicide Behaviors?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 14 (2019): 2511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142511.
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Suicide is the second leading cause of death in adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 29 years. Specifically, the presence of internalizing and externalizing symptomatology is related to increased risk for suicide at these ages. Few studies have analyzed the relations between these symptoms and their role as mediators in predicting suicide behavior. This study aimed to examine the relation between internalizing and externalizing symptomatology and suicide behaviors through a longitudinal study. The sample consisted of 238 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. The data were analyzed via the PROCESS Statistical Package. The main results showed that previous depression symptoms had a significant indirect effect, through previous suicide behaviors and current depression symptoms, on current suicide behaviors, accounting for 61% of the total variance explained. Additionally, being a girl increased this risk. Therefore, the implementation of early identification and intervention programs to address youth symptoms of depression and suicidal behaviors could significantly reduce the risk for future suicidal behaviors in adolescence.
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Huen, Jenny Mei Yiu, Augustine Osman, Bob Lew, and Paul Siu Fai Yip. "Utility of Single Items within the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R): A Bayesian Network Approach and Relative Importance Analysis." Behavioral Sciences 14, no. 5 (2024): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs14050410.
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The Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) comprises four content-specific items widely used to assess the history of suicide-related thoughts, plans or attempts, frequency of suicidal ideation, communication of intent to die by suicide and self-reported likelihood of a suicide attempt. Each item focuses on a specific parameter of the suicide-related thoughts and behaviors construct. Past research has primarily focused on the total score. This study used Bayesian network modeling and relative importance analyses on SBQ-R data from 1160 U.S. and 1141 Chinese undergraduate students. The Bayesian network analysis results showed that Item 1 is suitable for identifying other parameters of the suicide-related thoughts and behaviors construct. The results of the relative importance analysis further highlighted the relevancy of each SBQ-R item score when examining evidence for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors. These findings provided empirical support for using the SBQ-R item scores to understand the performances of different suicide-related behavior parameters. Further, they demonstrated the potential value of examining individual item-level responses to offer clinically meaningful insights. To conclude, the SBQ-R allows for the evaluation of each critical suicide-related thought and behavior parameter and the overall suicide risk.
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Kattimani, Shivanand, Balaji Bharadwaj, Siddharth Sarkar, and Aniruddha Mukherjee. "Interrater Reliability of the Silverman et al. Nomenclature for Suicide-Related Ideations, Behaviors, and Communications." Crisis 36, no. 1 (2015): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000283.
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Background: There is need for a common and uniform nomenclature for suicide and related behaviors. Many nomenclatures exist to address the same. Aims: Study proposes to assess the inter-rater reliability of Silverman et al. nomenclature on suicide and suicidal behaviors. Method: The present study was conducted at the crisis intervention clinic of a tertiary care centre. Case records of patients referred to the centre were evaluated by two trained psychiatrists and were rated according to the Silverman’s nomenclature in the domains of suicide related ideation, suicide related communication and suicide related behavior. Inter-rater reliability was measured using kappa coefficient. The relationship of suicide intent item of a structured scale with suicide related ideation, communication and behavior were explored. Results: Inter-rater reliability of the two evaluators using the Silverman’s nomenclature on 198 case records was in the moderate range for suicidal related ideation and behavior domains (kappa of 0.476 and 0.502 respectively), but low for communication domain (kappa value of 0.016). The stated intent item of the Pierce Suicide Intent Scale correlated highly with suicide related ideation and behavior as assessed using the Silverman et al. nomenclature (Kendall tau = 0.723 and 0.747 respectively). Conclusions: Based upon the same case record material, evaluators rate suicide related ideations and behaviors with moderate degree of concordance. However, the concordance is poor for suicide related communication.
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KALOĞLU, Hatice Ayça, and Cicek HOCAOGLU. "Suicidal Behavior in Eating Disorders." Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry 15, no. 4 (2023): 687–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1224756.
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Many studies have shown that people with eating disorders have higher rates of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and completed suicide than the general population. One of the diseases with the highest suicide rate among psychiatric disorders is anorexia nervosa. Some hypotheses have been proposed to explain possible causes of increased suicidal behavior in eating disorders. Some conditions common to eating disorders and suicidal behavior, such as dissatisfaction with the body and interoceptive deficits, have been cited. It has been conclusively shown that psychiatric comorbidity, especially the co-diagnosis of depression, increases the risk of suicide in patients with eating disorders. However, increased suicidal behavior in eating disorders cannot be explained by comorbidity alone. The interpersonal psychological theory of suicide (IPTS), developed by Joiner, aims to understand why people commit suicide and to explain the differences in individual suicidal behavior. Some researchers have thought that the increased suicidal behavior of people with eating disorders, especially anorexia nervosa patients, is expected from the perspective of IPTS. The compensatory behaviors of patients with eating disorders, such as vomiting or chronic restrictive food intake, are painful and challenging actions for the body. It can be considered that repeated encounters with painful and challenging experiences form a habit in the individual and reduce pain avoidance. When viewed from the IPTS perspective, decreased pain avoidance may explain the increased suicide attempts and completed suicides of individuals. Clinicians working with eating disorder patients must conduct regular and comprehensive assessments of suicide. Comorbidities such as major depression, anxiety disorder, and substance-use disorder should not be overlooked in patients with eating disorders and should be taken seriously.
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Park, B. C. Ben, Jeong Soo Im, and Kathryn Strother Ratcliff. "Rising Youth Suicide and the Changing Cultural Context in South Korea." Crisis 35, no. 2 (2014): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000237.
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Background: South Korean society faces a serious challenge in the increasing rates of youth suicidal behavior. There is a need both to gain a better understanding of the causes of this behavior and to develop strategies for responding to this critical public health issue. Aims: This article analyzes how psychological, sociopsychological, and subcultural factors influence suicidal proneness among Korean youth as well as makes suggestions for developing social policies that could reduce Korean youth suicidal behaviors. Method: Correlation and multivariate regression analyses on suicide proneness and depression were employed using a sample of 172 South Korean youths (aged 18–24) selected from the 2009 General Social Survey collected through face-to-face interviews. Results: Young people’s suicidal proneness is associated with depression, a tolerant attitude toward suicide, strained family relations, living in rural areas, being female, and being closely related to survivors of suicide or potential suicides. Conclusion: The findings from this study reveal the significance of social and cultural factors as influences on recent youth suicidal behavior in Korea. The analysis suggests that the underlying risk factors of suicidal behavior are embedded in the changing social and cultural context of Korean society. Thus, suicide prevention efforts should involve more than merely treating any underlying psychiatric disorders.
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Shahnovsky, Oren, Alan Apter, and Shira Barzilay. "The Association between Hyperactivity and Suicidal Behavior and Attempts among Children Referred from Emergency Departments." European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education 14, no. 10 (2024): 2616–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe14100172.
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The global prevalence of suicidal behaviors in children is rising, with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) proposed as a contributing factor. This study examines the association between ADHD facets (hyperactivity and inattention) and suicidal behavior and attempts in children. Additionally, it seeks to compare self-reported ADHD symptoms and suicide-related incidents with parental reports. A cohort of 71 children referred from emergency departments due to suicidal thoughts and behaviors completed self- and parental report questionnaires. The results revealed that elevated hyperactivity scores, surpassing the ADHD diagnosis threshold, were significantly associated with increased rates of suicidal behavior. Hyperactivity demonstrated a stronger association with lifetime suicide attempts compared to inattention. Moreover, children’s self-reported ADHD symptoms exhibited a stronger correlation with suicide attempts than parental reports. This study highlights the critical role of hyperactivity in understanding suicidal behaviors among children with ADHD. It underscores the importance of considering hyperactivity-related symptoms in assessment and treatment approaches for suicidal behavior in this population.
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Lyu, Shunyan, and Yu Li. "The Roles of Endorsement and Stigma in Suicidal Ideation and Behavior among Chinese College Students." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 1 (2023): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010877.
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Previous studies have suggested that stereotypes towards suicide, including endorsement of suicide and stigma toward suicide, may contribute to suicidal ideation and behaviors. However, this has not been examined directly. In this study, we examined whether endorsement of suicide and stigma toward suicide are involved in the pathway from suicidal ideation to suicide attempts among college students. To this end, we used the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS), the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), and the Stigma of Suicide Scale (SOSS) to assess suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, endorsement of suicide, and stigma toward suicide, respectively, in a sample of 944 Chinese college students (mean age, 20.97 years). Using mediation analysis, we found that suicidal ideation partially mediated the relationship between endorsement of suicide and suicide attempts and between stigma toward suicide and suicide attempts. These findings provide novel evidence that endorsement of suicide and stigma toward suicide are closely associated with suicide attempts, but partially through the influences of suicidal ideation. Future studies should elaborate on their longitudinal relationships. Implications of these findings for clinical practices are discussed with reference to the ideation-to-action framework of suicide, aiming to reduce suicidal behaviors.
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Osgood, Nancy J., Barbara A. Brant, and Aaron A. Lipman. "Patterns of Suicidal Behavior in Long-Term Care Facilities: A Preliminary Report on an Ongoing Study." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 19, no. 1 (1989): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/d73m-ta0m-rv6k-p5ak.
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The prevention of suicide and other forms of self-destructive behavior among elderly residents of institutions is a major consideration because of its importance from humanitarian, professional, and legal points of view. One major aim of this study is to determine the extent and nature of overt suicide, attempted suicide, and intentional life-threatening behavior (ILTB) in long-term care facilities and to identify differences in patterns of suicidal behavior by gender, age, and race. A random sample of 1080 institutions was chosen from the National Master Facility Inventory obtained from the Long-Term Care Statistics Branch of the National Center for Health Statistics. A written questionnaire containing items on facility characteristics, staff and residents, and number of overt suicides, attempted suicides, incidents of ILTB, and deaths from ILTB was mailed to administrators of facilities. Questionnaires were received from administrators in 463 facilities across the country. Chi-square techniques allowed us to determine differences in types of suicidal behavior and whether or not death was likely to result from suicidal behavior by gender, age, and race. Men and women differed from each other in terms of the method chosen. The young-old, old-old, and those under sixty differed on type of suicidal behavior, as well as on likelihood of death from participation in suicidal behaviors.
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Pallikkathayil, Leonie, and Susan A. Morgan. "Emergency Department Nurses’ Encounters with Suicide Attempters: A Qualitative Investigation." Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice 2, no. 3 (1988): 237–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-7182.2.3.237.
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This article describes the encounters of 20 emergency department (ED) nurses with suicide attempters obtained from semistructured interviews, producing the following findings. ED nurses’ contact with suicide attempters often generated angry feelings toward the attempters and stimulated thoughts about the suicidal act, the suicidal individual, suicidal intent, and themselves. ED nurses dealt with their feelings and thoughts through a range of behaviors such as nursing assessments or interventions, self-care behaviors, conditional responses, and nontherapeutic behaviors. They reported inadequate time and staffing, abusive behavior by the attempter, ineffective disposition or follow-up, value conflicts, and the dynamics of the attempter’s family as frequent stressors in caring for suicide attempters, and suggested increasing knowledge and using resource persons as potentially helpful strategies for decreasing stress. Finally, the nurses’ opinions about suicide attempters centered on values, the attempters themselves, the suicidal act, and intervention.
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Kaggwa, M. M. M. "The Global Burden of Suicidal Behavior Among People Experiencing Food Insecurity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." European Psychiatry 67, S1 (2024): S130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.302.
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IntroductionFood insecurity has become a growing burden within a global context where climate change, catastrophes, wars, and insurgencies are increasingly prevalent. Several studies have reported an association between suicidal behaviors (i.e., suicide ideation, plans, and attempts) and food insecurity. This meta-analytic review for the first time, synthesized the available literature to determine the pooled prevalence of suicidal behaviors among individuals experiencing food insecurity, and examined the strength of their association.ObjectivesTo determine the pooled prevalence of suicidal behaviors among individuals experiencing food insecurity, and examine the strength of their association.MethodsDatabases (Ovid, PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL) were searched using the appropriate search term from inception to July 2022. Eligible studies reporting the number/prevalence of suicidal behaviors among individuals experiencing food insecurity or the association between food insecurity and suicidal behaviors were included. The pooled prevalence of suicidal behaviors was determined using the random-effects model. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022352858).ResultsA total of 47 studies comprising 75,346 individuals having experienced food insecurity were included. The pooled prevalence was 22.3% for suicide ideation (95% CI: 14.7-29.9; I2=99.6%, p<0.001, k=18), 18.1% for suicide plans (95% CI: 7.0-29.1; I2=99.6%, p<0.001, k=4), 17.2% for suicide attempts (95% CI: 9.6-24.8; I2=99.9%, p<0.001, k=12), and 4.6% for unspecified suicidal behavior (95% CI: 2.8-6.4; I2=85.5%, p<0.001, k=5). There was a positive relationship between experiencing food insecurity and (i) suicide ideation (aOR=1.049 [95% CI: 1.046-1.052; I2=99.6%, p<0.001, k=31]), (ii) suicide plans (aOR=1.480 [95% CI: 1.465-1.496; I2=99.1%, p<0.001, k=5]), and (iii) unspecified suicide behaviors (aOR=1.133 [95% CI: 1.052-1.219; I2=53.0%, p=0.047, k=6]). However, a negative relationship was observed between experiencing food insecurity and suicide attempts (aOR=0.622 [95% CI: 0.617-0.627; I2 = 98.8%, p<0.001, k=15]). The continent and the countries income status where the study was conducted were the common cause of heterogeneity of the differences in the odds of the relationships between experiencing food insecurity and suicidal behaviors - with North America and high-income countries (HICs) having higher odds. For suicide attempts, all non HICs had a negative relationship with food insecurity.ConclusionsThere is a high prevalence of suicidal behaviors among individuals experiencing food insecurity. Initiatives to reduce food insecurity would likely be beneficial for mental wellbeing and to mitigate the risk of suicidal behaviors among population experiencing food insecurity.The paradoxical finding of suicide attempts having a negative relationship with food insecurity warrants further research.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
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Kim, Ji-Su, and Yeji Seo. "Breakfast habits, sedentary behavior, and suicide among Korean adolescents: A cross-sectional national study." PLOS ONE 18, no. 5 (2023): e0285312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285312.
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This study aims to identify the relationships between breakfast habits, leisure-time sedentary behavior, and suicidal behaviors among Korean adolescents, including the mediating effect of leisure-time sedentary behavior on the relationship between breakfast habits and suicidal behaviors. We conducted a cross-sectional national study using secondary data from the 2017–2019 (13–15th) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Surveys, analyzing data from a final sample of 153,992 Korean adolescents using multivariate logistic regression. No breakfast habits were statistically significantly related to suicidal ideation (crude OR [COR], 95% CI = 1.218, 1.172–1.265), suicidal plans (COR, 95% CI = 1.305, 1.228–1.385), and suicide attempts (COR, 95% CI = 1.533, 1.432–1.642). The effects of breakfast habits (independent variable) on suicidal behaviors (outcome variables) were mediated by leisure-time sedentary behavior (mediating variable). Leisure-time sedentary behavior had a statistically significant indirect effect on breakfast habits and suicidal behaviors (p < 0.05). The mediating effect size of breakfast habits mediated by leisure-time sedentary behavior was 3.46% for suicidal ideation, 2.48% for suicidal plans, and 1.06% for suicide attempts. Adolescents who did not consume breakfast demonstrated a significantly higher possibility of suicidal ideation, suicidal plans, and suicide attempts. Parents and teachers should be aware of and monitor adolescents’ leisure-time sedentary behavior and breakfast habits to prevent suicidal behavior among this age group.
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Ostanin, Jhon, Helena Miranda, Simon Shugar, et al. "Suicidal Behaviors Among United States Adolescents: Increasing Clinical and Public Health Challenges." Children 12, no. 1 (2025): 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/children12010057.
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Background/Objectives: Suicide in the United States (US) adolescents is a major clinical and public health problem. In this original investigation, we explored trends in suicidal behaviors (ideation, planning, and attempts) among US adolescents from 2011 to 2021. Methods: The study sample included 90,306 adolescents from the 2011–2021 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. Descriptive statistics and the chi-squared test were used to assess differences in suicidal behaviors across gender, race/ethnicity, and grade between 2011 and 2021. Results: The overall percentage of female adolescents reporting suicidal behaviors increased significantly between 2011 and 2021, and it was higher than males. In 2021, females exhibited significantly higher rates of considering suicide (30.0% vs. 14.3%), planning (23.6% vs. 11.6%), and attempts (13.3% vs. 6.6%) compared to their male counterparts. Whites were more likely to report suicidal ideation (22.7%) while Black non-Hispanic youth had a higher likelihood of making a suicide plan (17.7%), attempting suicide (14.5%), or making a suicide attempt requiring medical treatment (4.4%) relative to other racial/ethnic groups. Overall, ninth graders were more likely to report suicide attempts (11.6%) compared to 12th graders (8.6%). Conclusions: The results demonstrate significant increases in suicidal behavior among US adolescents, particularly in females. They suggest the need for gender-sensitive approaches in mental health support and prevention strategies. Overall, given the significant increase in suicidal behaviors, healthcare providers as well as public health professionals should prioritize mental health initiatives, promote awareness, and ensure access to mental health resources for adolescents.
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Wu, Ran, Hong Zhu, Meng-Yang Wu, Guang-Hai Wang, and Chun-Lei Jiang. "Childhood Trauma and Suicide: The Mediating Effect of Stress and Sleep." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 14 (2022): 8493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148493.
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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between suicide risk, perceived stress, and sleep quality through a structural equation modeling approach. This study used convenience sampling to survey 780 undergraduate and graduate students aged 18–30 years. Students were invited to participate in the online questionnaires, which included the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation, the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The results showed that suicide ideation and suicidal behavior were positively correlated with childhood trauma, stress, and sleep. A well-fitted structural equation model (χ2 = 1.52, df = 1, χ2/df = 1.52, RMSEA = 0.03, CFI = 1.00, NFI = 1.00) was constructed in this study. The hierarchical regression test showed significance in all the path coefficients of the model. The total effect of emotional abuse on suicide behaviors was 49.5%. The mediating effects accounted for 73.7% of the total effects of emotional abuse on suicidal behaviors. The results demonstrate efforts targeting stress and poor sleep might mitigate the risk of suicidal behaviors among individuals with early emotional abuse experiences.
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Mwangi, Reuben, and Ellen Armbruster. "Identification of Suicidal Ideation and Support for Families in Sub-Saharan Africa." Pan-African Journal of Health and Environmental Science 1, no. 2 (2022): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.56893/ajhes.2022-v1i2.227.
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Over 77% of global suicides related to life stress in 2019 occurred in low-income and middle-income countries. However, few studies in sub-Saharan Africa have focused on mental health and suicidal behaviors. Less than 10% of African countries have reported suicide rates (WHO, 2021). This article intends to raise awareness of the current global problem of suicide, especially in Africa, and its impact on families in Africa. This includes the pervasive nature of suicidal behavior and how it has been addressed in various parts of Africa. This research established that multiple studies from outside Africa, including high-income countries, address suicide symptoms and treatment. However, discussing this topic within an African cultural context is necessary. Psychoeducation and innovations such as telepsychiatry increase public awareness and access to services, and are essential aspects of addressing the problem of suicide in Africa. Family support, suicide prevention strategies, and psychotherapeutic interventions may also provide critical assistance before and during crises. This research highlights a traditionally taboo subject in sub-Saharan Africa, attempts to destigmatize it, and includes care, recommendations, and family coping skills.
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Lee, Yeon-Jung, Jin-Young Lee, and Minjae Kim. "Parental Factors Related to Adolescent Girls’ Suicide Attempts: A Cross-Sectional Study from 2015 to 2018." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (2021): 8122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158122.
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Adolescent suicide is a serious global health concern. Although familial transmission of suicidal behaviors has been identified in previous research, the effects of parental gender remain unknown. This study identified the influence of parental suicidal behaviors on suicide attempts among adolescent girls. We collected data through a cross-sectional, nationwide, population-based survey in South Korea and evaluated data from 890 adolescent girls (aged 12–18 years) who had attempted suicide and their parents. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors related to suicide attempts among adolescent girls. The final model indicated that mothers’ suicidal plans and attempts (OR = 6.39, OR = 12.38, respectively) were important risk factors for suicide attempts in adolescent girls. Future studies should identify specific methods for effective prevention and treatment through path analysis of the related factors affecting suicidal behavior of adolescents according to their parents’ gender.
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Ammerman, Brooke A., Martha K. Fahlgren, Kristen M. Sorgi, and Michael S. McCloskey. "Differences in Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Three Racial Groups." Crisis 41, no. 3 (2020): 172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000621.
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Abstract. Background: Despite being a major public health concern, it is unclear how suicidal thoughts and behaviors differentially impact separate racial groups. Aims: The aim of the current study was to examine the occurrence of nonlethal suicide events, in addition to suicide attempt characteristics and factors contributing to suicide attempts. Method: A final sample of 7,094 undergraduates from a large northeastern university, identifying as members of three racial groups (White [67.30%], Black [17.30%], and Asian [15.40%]), completed online questionnaires. Results: White participants reported increased likelihood of endorsing lifetime suicidal ideation and plan, whereas Black participants reported decreased likelihood of these events; no differences were found in rates of lifetime suicide attempts. Black participants' suicidal behavior may involve greater ambivalence of intent. A higher proportion of Asian participants endorsed interpersonal factors as contributing to their suicide attempts, whereas a greater percentage of White participants reported internal contributing factors. Limitations: Findings are limited by the sample size and assessment of lifetime suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Conclusion: The findings present a more nuanced look at attitudes and actions related to suicidal thoughts and behaviors that may inform future research and risk assessment procedures.
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Kim, Hyesun. "Combined Effects of Smartphone Overdependence and Stress on Depression and Suicide-Related Behaviors among High School Students." Healthcare 10, no. 9 (2022): 1671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091671.
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This study aimed to identify smartphone overdependency and stress’ combined effects on depression and suicide-related behaviors, such as suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts, among Korean high school students. Cross-sectional secondary data analysis was conducted using data from the 2020 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. This study included 25,987 high school students. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Rao-Scott chi-square test, and logistic regression based on a complex sample design. Regardless of smartphone overdependence, some stress and high stress were associated with higher depression than no stress and no smartphone overdependence. Furthermore, regardless of smartphone overdependence, some stress and high stress were associated with greater depression and suicidal ideation than no stress and no smartphone overdependence. However, only high stress was associated with suicide plans and attempts. Additionally, stress with smartphone overdependence increased the risk of depression and suicide-related behaviors, whereas the absence of stress did not significantly affect depression and suicide-related behaviors. Therefore, to prevent depression and suicide-related behaviors among high school students, continuous monitoring of and interventions to reduce stress levels should be prioritized. Moreover, as stress combined with smartphone overdependence increases the likelihood of depression and suicide-related behaviors, educational programs to prevent smartphone overdependence should be developed.
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Yamasaki, Akiko, Masanobu Chinami, Masao Suzuki, Yoshihiro Kaneko, Daisuke Fujita, and Taro Shirakawa. "Tobacco and Alcohol Tax Relationships with Suicide in Switzerland." Psychological Reports 97, no. 1 (2005): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.97.1.213-216.
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Previous research has shown an empirical link between tobacco and alcohol use and suicide. If tobacco and alcohol use contribute to suicidal behaviors, then policies designed to reduce the tobacco and alcohol consumption may succeed in reducing suicides as well. To test this hypothesis, correlations for suicide rates with alcohol consumption, taxes on alcohol and tobacco in Switzerland were examined using sets of time-series data from Switzerland in 1965–1994. The tax on tobacco correlated significantly negatively with male standardized suicide rate. The tax on alcohol also correlated significantly with male standardized suicide rate in an autoregressive model. On the other hand, significant relationships with female suicide rate were not found. Policies designed to reduce tobacco consumption are consistent with a benefit of reducing suicides, particularly for men in this sample.
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Bednarova, Aneta, Viera Habalova, Silvia Farkasova Iannaccone, et al. "Association of HTTLPR, BDNF, and FTO Genetic Variants with Completed Suicide in Slovakia." Journal of Personalized Medicine 13, no. 3 (2023): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm13030501.
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Since suicide and suicidal behavior are considered highly heritable phenotypes, the identification of genetic markers that can predict suicide risk is a clinically important topic. Several genes studied for possible associations between genetic polymorphisms and suicidal behaviors had mostly inconsistent and contradictory findings. The aim of this case-control study was to evaluate the associations between completed suicide and polymorphisms in genes BDNF (rs6265, rs962369), SLC6A4 (5-HTTLPR), and FTO (rs9939609) in relation to sex and BMI. We genotyped 119 completed suicide victims and 137 control subjects that were age, sex, and ethnicity matched. A significant association with completed suicide was found for BDNF rs962369. This variant could play a role in completed suicide, as individuals with the CC genotype were more often found among suicides than in control subjects. After sex stratification, the association remained significant only in males. A nominally significant association between the gene variant and BMI was observed for BDNF rs962369 under the overdominant model. Heterozygotes with the TC genotype showed a lower average BMI than homozygotes with TT or CC genotypes. FTO polymorphism (rs9939609) did not affect BMI in the group of Slovak suicide completers, but our findings follow an inverse association between BMI and completed suicide.
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Park, *Sunghyeon, Ji-Won Chun, and Dai Jin Kim. "ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BLACKOUT DRINKING AND SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR AMONG KOREAN ADOLESCENTS." International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 28, Supplement_1 (2025): i253. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyae059.445.
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Abstract Introduction Suicide among Korean adolescents is a major public health issue, with the suicide rates among teenagers and individuals in their twenties standing at 337 and 1,394 per 100,000, respectively (Statistics Korea, 2023). Adolescence is a period marked by rapid physical, psychological, and emotional changes, which are associated with various stress factors. Specifically, serious forms of alcohol addiction like blackout drinking can have detrimental effects not only on physical health but also on mental health, potentially leading to suicidal behaviors. Aims & Objectives Previous studies have shown a general association between drinking-related behaviors and suicidal behaviors (Lee et al., 2021; Sher &Zalsman, 2005). However, there has been a lack of specific investigation into the direct association between blackout drinking and suicidal behaviors. This study aims to clarify the relationship between blackout drinking and suicidal behavior to contribute to the development of timely intervention strategies for suicide prevention. Method This study utilized data from the Adolescent Health Behavior Survey (N=51,850) published by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency in 2022, and conducted logistic regression analysis. After excluding missing values, data from 46,771 individuals were analyzed. The primary independent variables were drinking status, amount of alcohol consumed, and blackout experience within the last 30 days, while the primary dependent variables were suicidal ideation, suicidal planning, and suicide attempts. Anxiety score (GAD), gender, grade level, age, academic performance, socioeconomic status, subjective health status, and subjective body satisfaction were set as control variables. Results From the logistic regression analysis for suicidal ideation, suicidal planning, and suicide attempts, it was found that blackout experience was significant in both suicidal ideation and planning (OR: 1.6, p &lt;0.001 / OR: 1.79, p &lt;0.001), and both blackout experience and amount of alcohol consumed were significant in suicide attempts (OR: 1.88, p &lt;0.001 / OR: 1.16, p &lt;0.01). However, recent drinking status was not significant for all dependent variables. Discussion & Conclusion The results indicate that recent blackout drinking experiences increased the likelihood of suicidal ideation, suicide plans, and suicide attempts by 60%, 79%, and 88% respectively among adolescents. These findings suggest the necessity to consider blackout drinking experiences and the amount of alcohol consumed more carefully than recent drinking status for prevention and intervention of suicidal behaviors in adolescents. By shedding light on the relationship between blackout drinking and suicidal behavior, this study hopes to provide valuable insights for developing more effective intervention strategies for suicide prevention among adolescents. References 1.Statistics Korea, 2023, 2022 Statistics on Causes of Death. 2.Lee JW, Kim BJ, Lee CS, Cha B, Lee SJ, Lee D, Seo J, Lee YJ, Lee YJ, Lim E, Choi JW. 2021, ‘Association Between Suicide and Drinking Habits in Adolescents’. Soa Chongsonyon Chongsin Uihak. Vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 161-169, doi: 10.5765/jkacap.210024. PMID: 34671189; PMCID: PMC8499040. 3.Sher L, Zalsman G. 2005. ‘Alcohol and adolescent suicide’. Int J Adolesc Med Health. Vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 197-203. doi: 10.1515/ijamh.2005.17.3.197. PMID: 16231470.
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Maris, Ronald W. "Suicide Prevention in Adults (Age 30–65)." Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior 25, no. 1 (1995): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1943-278x.1995.tb00401.x.
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Relatively little is known about midlife suicides, compared to adolescent and elderly suicides. A life‐span model of suicidal behaviors is suggested as a heuristic conceptual tool. General midlife tasks and crises, as outlined by Levinson and Erikson, are reviewed. However, more than routine midlife developmental problems occur in most suicides. Some of the possible distinctive traits of midlife suicides (versus younger and older suicides) include: loss of spouse, years of heavy drinking, reaching the age of high depression risk, and occupational problems (including unemployment, inability to work, and retirement). Midlife suicide rates tend to be highest among white males, although female suicide rates peak in midlife. The paper concludes with a review of assessment and treatment issues related to a half‐dozen high‐risk midlife suicide types.
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Kerkeni, A., W. Abbes, A. Frikha, et al. "Addictive behavior and suicidality in patients followed by the department of psychiatry in the region of southern tunisia." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (2021): S586—S587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1564.
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IntroductionAddictive behaviors and suicide have important risks that need to be explored for any patient followed at the department of psychiatry, possibly endangering his vital and psychosocial prognosis.ObjectivesOur study aims to identify the link between addictive behavior and suicidal behavior in patients followed at the psychiatry department at the regional hospital of Gabes.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study carried out on a clinical population who consult in the psychiatry department in the Gabes’s regional hospital during the period from January 1st, 2020 to September 30, 2020.Sociodemographic and clinical data of the patients as well as their personal and family history were assessed. The evaluation of psychopathological disorders was carried out according to the diagnostic criteria of DSM-5. Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire (SBQ) was used for suicide risk assessment. Fagerstrom questionnaire in its validated French version was used to assess the of nicotine dependence. The exploration of childhood physical and emotional trauma was carried out by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) scale. Data were analysed using the software SPSS.Results100patients were included. The mean age was 45.5years. TableI: Breakdown of addictive behavior and suicide attempts by gender. TableII: Common vulnerability factors between addictive behavior and suicidalityThe analytical study showed that suicide attempts were correlated with addictive behaviors (p = 0.03) and that suicidal recurrence was correlated with addictive behaviors (p = 0.01).ConclusionsSuicidal behavior in patients followed in psychiatry is closely linked to addictive behavior, hence the importance of early management.
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Alipour-Haris, Golnoosh, Melissa J. Armstrong, Jennifer L. Sullivan, Uma Suryadevara, Masoud Rouhizadeh, and Joshua D. Brown. "Suicidal Ideation and Suicide-Attempt-Related Hospitalizations among People with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and AD-Related Dementias in the United States during 2016–2018." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 4 (2022): 943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11040943.
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People living with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and AD-related dementias (ADRDs) are at a higher risk of suicidal behaviors given intersecting risk factors. Previous studies generally only focused on AD, small clinical samples, or grouped all dementia subtypes together, limiting insights for other ADRD subtypes. The objective of this study was to generate evidence related to the relative burden of suicidal behaviors (suicidal ideation and suicide attempt) among people with AD and ADRDs. This retrospective cross-sectional study identified hospitalizations related to suicidal behaviors (suicidal ideation and suicide attempt) for patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and AD-related dementias using ICD-10-CM codes from the Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD). A logistic regression model was estimated to assess associations between AD/ADRD subtype and patient characteristics, and the risk for a suicidal-behavior-related hospitalization and modes of harm were reported. During 2016–2018, there were 12,538 hospitalizations related to suicidal behaviors for people with AD/ADRDs. The overall prevalence of suicidal-behavior-related hospitalizations was lowest for AD (0.8%) and highest for frontotemporal dementia (2.6%). Among hospitalizations for suicide attempts, the most common mode of harm was medications or drugs (89.2% of all attempts), followed by weapons (17.7%). We found that there was a difference in the frequency of suicidal-behavior-related hospitalizations among AD/ADRD hospitalized patients across dementia subtypes.
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Shemanski Aldrich, Rosalie, and Julie Cerel. "The Development of Effective Message Content for Suicide Intervention." Crisis 30, no. 4 (2009): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.30.4.174.
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Background: Each year there are over 31,000 suicides in the United States, constituting a significant problem in every respect. It is important for research efforts to focus on the communication elements involved in suicide prevention because the messages produced by individuals close to those who have suicidal thoughts have the potential to save a life. Aims: The current manuscript presents the theory of planned behavior (TPB) as a foundation to increase understanding of what message content would be most effective to convince an individual to intervene when someone is suicidal. Methods: Suicide and suicidal behaviors are briefly reviewed, as is the TPB. Then it is argued how and why TPB can help construct persuasive messages. Results: The authors suggest that TPB guide the content of persuasive messages. Messages created in combination of persuasive theories with TPB are likely to encourage an individual to intervene when someone is suicidal. Conclusions: A key element to suicide prevention is intervention by close others. Use of TPB provides an increased understanding of how to persuade close individuals to intervene when an individual is suicidal.
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Alcafache, J., M. Figueiredo, and S. Oliveira. "Characterization of patients with suicidal behaviors." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (2011): 1605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73309-0.
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ObjectivesTo characterize the population with suicidal behaviour that uses the ER of the Hospital Infante D. Pedro. Elaborate a plan for prevention.MethodsObservational descriptive study of a single sample, transversal, including 102 individuals. All patients were assessed concerning socio-demographic, clinical and psychological items - IACLIDE (Depression Scale), 23QVS (Stress Vulnerability Scale) and Mini-Mult (Personality Scale).Results90.6% of women use pills as suicide method. 63.2% of men use drugs, 10.5% phlebotomy and 26.8% resorts to violent methods.Individuals with moderate or severe depression have a higher probability (91x) of suicidal risk compared with individuals with no depression or mild depression. Individuals vulnerable to stress have a higher probability (5.7X) of attempting suicide. Individuals with external influence suicidal behaviour have a higher likelihood of suicide risk (4x), compared to individuals without external influence. Individuals with personality disorder (particularly cluster B) have a higher probability (25x) for suicide risk in people without personality disorder.ConclusionThe para-suicidal prototype seems to be a 36 year old woman, low level of literacy, married, with previous para-suicidal gestures, from ingestion of drugs, at home, following an emotional conflict. The suicidal will probably be a 40 year old man, divorced, low financial resources, unemployed, having prepared a previous plan that consummated suicide by violent methods.The elaboration of a para-suicidal and suicidal profile, is an essential contribution to the determination of relative risk and to structure a prevention plan tailored to the perceived reality research.
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Hermosillo-de-la-Torre, Alicia Edith, Stephania Montserrat Arteaga-de-Luna, Denise Liliana Acevedo-Rojas, et al. "Psychosocial Correlates of Suicidal Behavior among Adolescents under Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Aguascalientes, Mexico: A Cross-Sectional Population Survey." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (2021): 4977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094977.
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Background: Suicide and suicidal behaviors were already a global public health problem, producing preventable injuries and deaths. This issue may worsen due to the COVID-19 pandemic and may differentially affect vulnerable groups in the population, including children, adolescents, and young adults. The current study evaluated the association of affective variables (depression, hopelessness, and anxiety), drug use (alcohol, tobacco, and others), emotional intelligence, and attachment with suicidal behaviors. Methods: A state-wide survey included 8033 students (51% female, 49% male; mean age of 16 years) from science and technology high-schools using a standardized questionnaire that was distributed online. Multinomial logistic regression models tested associations between suicidal behaviors and several covariates. The analyses accommodated the complex structure of the sample. Results: Approximately 21% of all students reported a suicidal behavior (11% with a low-lethality suicide attempt, 6% with self-injuries, and 4% with a high-lethality suicide attempt). Variables associated with higher odds of suicidal behavior included: female sex, depression, hopelessness, anxiety, alcohol and tobacco use, childhood trauma, and having to self-rely as issues affecting attachment, and low self-esteem. Security of attachment was associated with lower odds of suicidal behavior. Conclusions: The complexity of suicidal behavior makes it clear that comprehensive programs need to be implemented.
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Nair, Vasundharaa S., Miriyam Joseph, Neslin M. Ealias, Sharanya Mohan, and Priya Sreedaran. "How do young adults deal with suicidal ideation? A qualitative study of the experiences of stakeholders." Indian Journal of Psychiatry 66, no. 9 (2024): 796–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_488_24.
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Background: Persistent suicidal ideation, self-harm behaviors, and suicide attempts constitute suicidality and are consistent predictors for future suicides. Research on what protects individuals from harming themselves is equivocal. While factors like impulsivity could increase risk of suicide, research is needed on what stops people from acting out on self-harm thoughts/suicidal ideation. Aim: To explore the help-seeking behaviors and other protective factors during periods of suicidality in individuals at risk of suicide. Method: This study aimed to explore help-seeking behavior and other protective factors that prevent or delay self-harm and suicide attempts during suicidality in individuals at risk. We used a qualitative study design and interviewed 15 participants comprising at-risk individuals, caregivers, and mental health professionals (MHPs). We used thematic analysis for deriving themes. Results: Themes in ‘at-risk individuals’ include mental state during suicidality, handling of oneself during suicidality, and seeking help from support systems. Themes from caregivers included handling of crises and the role of informal and formal support systems. Themes from MHPs included phenomenology of suicidality, handling of suicidality, help-seeking, and support systems. Conclusion: At-risk individuals handle suicidality by either managing themselves on their own or seeking help from informal sources and formal health systems. Caregivers appear to be crucial stakeholders in help-seeking during self-harm. The involvement of caregivers – in discussion with the at-risk individual – should be a necessary component of suicide risk management. Suicide prevention policies at institutional, regional, and national levels should include strategies to prevent burnout and other occupational health issues in MHPs.
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Mamun, Mohammed A., Firoj Al-Mamun, Johurul Islam, and Mohammad Muhit. "Prevalence and associated factors of suicidal behaviors among Bangladeshi rural community people: Findings from the ‘BD ComMen Study’." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (2022): e0279271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279271.
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Background Suicide is considered as one of the major public health concerns, which can be prevented with cost-effective and timely intervention. In Bangladesh, very few studies assessed the suicidal behavior of rural community people. Thus, this Bangladesh Community Mental Health Study (BD ComMen Study) attempted to understand the current situation of suicidality in Bangladeshi rural community people considering three-time frames: lifetime, past year, and past month. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural community in Bangladesh between May 17 and 31, 2022, using a cluster sampling technique. Information on socio-demographics, COVID-19-related factors, depression, anxiety, insomnia, and suicidal behaviors was collected. The Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results During their lifetime, 33.1% of the rural community people had suicidal thoughts, whereas 5.5% made a plan for suicide and 1.8% attempted suicide. The prevalence of past-year suicidal ideation was 3.9%, whereas 1.4% had a suicide plan. In addition, 0.6% had past-month suicidal thoughts, although none of them had planned or attempted suicide. The factors associated with suicidal behaviors included males, lower age, lower educational grade, low-earning jobs, living in a government-provided house, family history of mental health and suicide, and suffering from anxiety and insomnia. Conclusions Suicidal behaviors among the rural community people are of great concern as most of the rural people in Bangladesh do not have enough mental health literacy for treatment-seeking due to a high level of mental health-related stigma. Thus, this study would likely help to initiate further studies and stimulate suicide prevention programs, because most suicide can be prevented.
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Shoja Shafti, Saeed, Alireza Memarie, Masomeh Rezaie, and Masomeh Hamidi. "Suicides and Suicide Attempts Among Psychiatric Hospital Inpatients in Iran." Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews 15, no. 3 (2019): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2666082215666190917163630.
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Background: Suicidal behavior is seen in the context of a variety of mental disorders. While many believe that, in general, first-episode psychosis is a particularly high-risk period for suicide, no general agreement regarding higher prevalence of suicide in first-episode psychosis is achievable. Objective: In the present study, suicides and suicide attempts among psychiatric in-patients have been evaluated to assess the general profile of suicidal behavior among native psychiatric inpatients and any relationship between serum cholesterol level and suicidal behavior. Methods: Five acute academic wards, which have been specified for admission of first episode adult psychiatric patients, and five acute non-academic wards, which have been specified for admission of recurrent episode adult psychiatric patients, were selected for the current study. All inpatients with suicidal behavior (successful suicide and attempted suicide, in total), during the last five years (2013-2018), were included in the present investigation. Also, the assessment of serum lipids, including triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein, was done , for comparing the suicidal subjects with non-suicidal ones. Results: Among 19160 psychiatric patients hospitalized in Razi psychiatric hospital during a sixtymonths period, 63 suicidal behaviors, including one successful suicide and sixty-two suicide attempts, were recorded by the safety board of hospital. The most frequent mental illness was bipolar I disorder, which was significantly more prevalent in comparison with other mental disorders (p<0.04, p<0.02, p<0.007, and p<0.003 in comparison with schizophrenia, depression, personality disorders and substance abuse, respectively). Self-mutilation, self-poisoning and hanging were the preferred methods of suicide among 61.11%, 19.44% and 19.44% of cases, respectively. In addition, no significant difference was evident between the first admission and recurrent admission inpatients, totally and separately, particularly with respect to psychotic disorders. Besides, with respect to different components of serum lipids, no specific or significant pattern was evident. Conclusion: While in the present study, the suicidal behavior was significantly more evident in bipolar disorder in comparison with other psychotic or no-psychotic disorders, no significant difference was evident between the first admission and recurrent admission of psychiatric inpatients. Moreover, no significant relationship between suicidal behavior and serum lipids was found .
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Valero-Bover, Damià, Marc Fradera, Gerard Carot-Sans, et al. "Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Incidence of Suicidal Behaviors: A Retrospective Analysis of Integrated Electronic Health Records in a Population of 7.5 Million." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (2022): 14364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114364.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused remarkable psychological overwhelming and an increase in stressors that may trigger suicidal behaviors. However, its impact on the rate of suicidal behaviors has been poorly reported. We conducted a population-based retrospective analysis of all suicidal behaviors attended in healthcare centers of Catalonia (northeast Spain; 7.5 million inhabitants) between January 2017 and June 2022 (secondary use of data routinely reported to central suicide and diagnosis registries). We retrieved data from this period, including an assessment of suicide risk and individuals’ socioeconomic as well as clinical characteristics. Data were summarized yearly and for the periods before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain in March 2020. The analysis included 26,458 episodes of suicidal behavior (21,920 individuals); of these, 16,414 (62.0%) were suicide attempts. The monthly moving average ranged between 300 and 400 episodes until July 2020, and progressively increased to over 600 episodes monthly. In the postpandemic period, suicidal ideation increased at the expense of suicidal attempts. Cases showed a lower suicide risk; the percentage of females and younger individuals increased, whereas the prevalence of classical risk factors, such as living alone, lacking a family network, and a history of psychiatric diagnosis, decreased. In summary, suicidal behaviors have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, with more episodes of suicidal ideation without attempts in addition to younger and lower risk profiles.
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Kim, Min Ji, Hyunju Lee, Daun Shin, et al. "Effect of Attitude Toward Suicide on Suicidal Behavior: Based on the Korea National Suicide Survey." Psychiatry Investigation 19, no. 6 (2022): 427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30773/pi.2021.0361.
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attitude toward suicide. This study aimed to extract factors from the Attitude Toward Suicide Scale (ATTS) and investigate the relationship between attitudes toward suicide and suicidal behavior (i.e., suicidal idea, plan, and attempt) by using a representative sample of Korean adults.Methods Three thousand Koreans aged 19 to 75 years were surveyed cross-sectionally in 2013 and 2018. The data collected were subjected to exploratory factor analysis. Extracted attitude factors were compared using a suicidal behavior continuum. Univariate and multivariate logistic models were constructed to compare the association between attitude factors and suicidal behaviors.Results Among the participants, 477 (15.9%) experienced suicidal idea only, 85 (2.8%) had a suicidal plan without attempt, and 58 (1.9%) attempted suicide. Four meaningful factors were extracted from the factor analysis: “permissiveness,” “unjustified behavior,” “preventability/ readiness to help,” and “loneliness.” “Permissiveness,” “unjustified behavior,” and “loneliness” factors showed significant trends across the suicidal behavior continuum. Permissive attitude toward suicide increased the odds of suicidal idea, suicidal plan, and suicide attempt (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=1.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.25–1.79; aOR=2.79, 95% CI=1.84–4.25; aOR=2.67, 95% CI=1.65–4.33), while attitude toward suicide as unjustified behavior decreased the odds of suicidal ideation and attempt (aOR=0.79, 95% CI=0.67–0.94; aOR=0.64, 95% CI=0.42–0.99).Conclusion A significant association was found between attitude toward suicide and suicidal behaviors. Attitude toward suicide is a modifiable factor that can be used to develop prevention policies.
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Bauder, C. Rosie, and Austin G. Starkey. "Examining Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Ohio Youth with Oppressed Identities Using the 2019 Ohio Youth Risk Behavior Survey." Ohio Journal of Public Health 5, no. 2 (2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i2.8878.
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Background: Suicide is the second leading cause of death among youth aged 10 to 14 years and third for those aged 15 to 24 years in the United States and in Ohio. Suicidal thoughts and behaviors disparately affect youth with oppressed identities, including those with oppressed racial, ethnic, gender, and sexual minority identities. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between self-reports of suicidal thoughts and behaviors among Ohio youth with oppressed identities. This research also contextualizes relationships between these indicators through the context of intersectionality. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study used responses from the 2019 Ohio Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS; n = 1263) to examine the relationships between identity variables and suicidal thoughts and behaviors through a series of logistic regression models. Results: Female youth have higher odds of reporting persistent feelings of sadness and hopelessness and seriously considering suicide than male youth. Lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) youth have higher odds of reporting all outcome measures of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs), and youth with oppressed racial and ethnic identities were in general more likely to report higher odds of STBs when compared to White youth. Conclusion: Suicidal thoughts and behaviors disparately affect youth with these oppressed identities. Our findings suggest further examination of these youth nationally may influence public health suicide prevention strategies. Implica-tions also suggest that researchers, practitioners, and organizations across the spectrum of youth suicide prevention in Ohio should understand the increased risk that youth with multiple, intersectional oppressed identities face for suicide.
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Imran, Nazish, Ahmed Waqas, Sania Mumtaz Tahir, et al. "The epidemiology of suicidal behaviors among the countries of the South Asia: A systematic review and meta analysis." Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 41, no. 6 (2025): 1799–808. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.6.12041.
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Despite the alarming suicide burden, South Asia lacks sufficient literature and research. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to appraise the current evidence and estimate the prevalence of suicidal behaviors (ideation, plan, attempts, completed suicide and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI)) among countries in South Asia. We systematically searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL for observational and longitudinal studies involving statistical analysis of suicidal behaviors in south Asian countries as per the PRISMA guidelines, without any limitations concerning age, gender, language, or year of publication. A random-effects model was used to synthesize prevalence data, and mixed-effects regression models were employed for subgroup analyses. Main outcome was lifetime, period and point prevalence of completed suicide, suicidal ideation, plan, and Non suicidal behaviors. A total of 27 studies representing data pertaining to suicidality and related behaviors in South Asian countries were included. The point prevalence of suicidal ideation was 16.7% (95% CI: 11.5% to 23.5%), suicidal plan was 13.6% (13.0% to 14.2%) and attempted suicide was 5.6% (95% CI: 3.5% - 9.0%). The 12-month period prevalence for suicidal ideation was noted to be 11.8% (95% CI: 5.5% to 23.6%), plan 3.6% (95% CI: 2.1% to 6.0%). Suicidal attempts 3.0% (95% CI: 1.6% to 5.5%), completed suicides 0.1% (95% CI: 0% to 0.8%) and non-suicidal behaviors 6.5% (95% CI: 0.7% to 39.5%). Lifetime prevalence ranged from suicidal thoughts 15.9% (95% CI:15.0% to 16.8%), suicidal plan 7.9% (95% CI: 6.2% to 10.1%), attempts 3.1% (95% CI: 1.2% to 7.8%) and non-suicidal behaviors 44.8% (95% CI: 41.2% to 48.4%). We found evidence of significant heterogeneity for suicidal behaviors in the studies included. The epidemiological burden of suicidal behaviors among countries in South Asia appears to be very high. Knowledge about the epidemiology of such behaviors is important for policymaking and to inform context specific interventions to reduce loss of lives caused by suicidal behaviors. PROSPERO registration protocol: (CRD42022324243). doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.6.12041 How to cite this: Imran N, Waqas A, Tahir SM, Khan RK, Ayub M, Arshad H, et al. The epidemiology of suicidal behaviors among the countries of the South Asia: A systematic review and meta analysis. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(6):1799-1808. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.6.12041 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Park, Eunok. "The influences of mental health problem on suicide-related behaviors among adolescents: Based on Korean Youth Health Behavior Survey." Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education 29, no. 1 (2023): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5977/jkasne.2023.29.1.98.
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Purpose: This study explored the influencing factors on suicide-related behaviors (ideation, plans, and attempts) focusing on mental health problems (anxiety, depression, and loneliness) among Korean adolescents. Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted with data from the 16th Korean Youth Health Behavior Survey collected from in 2020 by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: After the adjustment of demographic characteristics and health risk behaviors, the influences of mental health problems on suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts showed the anxiety odds ratio (OR) for severe anxiety vs. minimal (OR 4.65, 4.67, and 3.75), depression (OR 4.27, 3.69, and 4.49), loneliness (OR 2.18, 1.96, and 1.96). Health risk behaviors (violence experience, drug use, stress, smoking, and drinking alcohol) and demographic variables (gender, school record, and socioeconomic status) were also significantly associated with suicide-related behaviors. Conclusion: Anxiety, depression, and loneliness were strong predictors of suicide-related behaviors. Early detection of suicide risks through screening for comprehensive mental health problems was recommended. Suicide prevention that considers the risk factors, including mental health problems and other risk factors, needs to be developed and implemented to reduce suicide risks among adolescents.
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Okutucu, Fatma, and Duygu Gok. "Relationship between suicidal behavior/self-mutilation and Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid Levels in Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." Annals of Medical Research 30, no. 12 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/annalsmedres.2023.10.291.
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Aim: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and suicidal behavior are common situations that cause social and emotional problems. deficiencies of folate and vitamin B12 have been related to suicidal behavior and etiology of ADHD. We aimed to evaluate the association of suicide/self-mutilation behaviors and Vitamin B12 and folic acid levels in adult ADHD. Materials and Methods: Adult ADHD patients were evaluated in terms of sociodemographic characteristics and suicidal behavior/self-mutilation, suicide ideation, impulsivity, functionality with clinical interviews and scales. Comorbid psychiatric diagnosis were excluded. Levels of vitamin B12 and folate were detected. All results were compared to healthy controls statistically. Then ADHD patients were divided into two groups as with and without suicidal behavior/self-mutilation and compared clinically. Results: There were 40 ADHD patients and 40 healthy controls in the study. Suicidal behavior/self-mutilation, suicide ideation and impulsivity scores and psychiatric diagnose history of first degree relatives were higher in the patient group. Levels of Vitamin B12 and folic acid were similar in both groups and not correlated with suicidal behavior/self-mutilation and suicidal ideation. Conclusion: There was a significant association of adult ADHD and suicidal behavior/self-mutilation. Suicide-related consequences were particularly related to impulsivity. It may be recommended to screen individuals with ADHD for suicidal ideation and impulsivity to reduce risky behaviors. However, it does not support the hypothesis of a relationship between low B12 and folate and suicidality in adult ADHD.