Dissertations / Theses: 'Suicide Psychology'

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Roberts, Monica L. "Adolescent Suicide Prevention| Life Experiences Contributing to Suicidal Ideation Resilience." Thesis, Saybrook University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10681251.

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Suicide is a significant public health problem. It is among the top three chief causes of death for young people, ages 10-24 years (CDC, 2016). The majority of studies on suicide focus on what causes suicidal thoughts, suicidal attempts, and completed suicides (e.g., Dougherty, 2010; Shneidman, 1993; Van Orden et al., 2010). While these studies are crucial, it is also vital to understand why and how people survive and thrive. Focusing on adolescent suicide prevention through the lens of resiliency, the research questions are as follows: Why and how did suicidal adolescents decide against suicide?

Thirty-two participants (16 males and 16 females) from diverse ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds, ages 21 to 50 years, completed an anonymous online self-report questionnaire. The data were analyzed, using Braun and Clarke's (2006) thematic analysis. The results of the analysis identified four areas in which suicidal adolescents find resiliency from suicidal thinking: social support and professional help, positive life event or circumstance, responsibility and or purpose, and religious and/or spiritual experience. Drawing from the linkages of the themes, the adolescent suicidal ideation theory was developed and explained.

The theoretical explanation, the first of its kind in regard to understanding why and how suicidal youths decide against suicide, is an important contribution in the fields of psychology and adolescent suicide prevention. It also serves to inform mental health professionals, educators, parents, adolescents, and children. Implications in the research highlight the buffering effects of personal connection (i.e., social and professional help), positive emotions, responsibility and purpose, and a religious and/or spiritual foundation in fostering suicidal ideation resilience. Suggested recommendations for policymakers include developing comprehensive training classes to promote healthy families and effective parenting; promoting age appropriate coping and problem-solving skills and resilience strategies to children and adolescents, starting a kindergarten through the twelfth grade (K-12), and six other recommendations are outlined in the discussion section of the paper. Further research could be conducted to strengthen the evidence-base of humanistic, existential, transpersonal, integrative, and trauma-informed therapies to help depressed and suicidal young people recover and acquire positive mental emotional health and wellness.

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Bromley, Nicole M. "Is Suicide Training Sufficient for Psychology Trainees to Respond Appropriately to Suicidal Clients?" Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1346183727.

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Moran, Christine. "Passive Suicidal Ideation: A Clinically Relevant Risk Factor for Suicide." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1370623091.

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4

McClay, Michael Matthew. "The Effect of Disclosure of Suicide Attempt on Suicide Risk." TopSCHOLAR®, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2031.

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Survivors of suicide attempts are at increased risk for future suicide, and there are few empirically validated treatments designed to reduce suicidal thoughts and behaviors among this population. The Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide proposed that reducing suicidal individuals’ feelings of burdensomeness on others and disconnectedness from others will decrease the desire for suicide. Disclosing one’s history of suicidal behavior to a trusted confidant has been found to have a positive impact on depression symptoms, so the present study sought to evaluate the benefits of disclosing on measures of social support and proximal suicide risk described by the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide. Data were collected from 99 undergraduate students who reported at least one lifetime suicide attempt. Results indicated that disclosing one’s history of suicide attempt to one or two confidants had a positive indirect effect on depression, Perceived Burdensomeness, and Thwarted Belongingness via a pathway mediated by peer social support. However, disclosing to 3 individuals attenuated these positive effects. Results support existing treatments that incorporate disclosure of suicide attempt history or active suicidal ideation as a suicide prevention technique and recommend the use of disclosure as a way to facilitate increased social connectedness, thereby reducing desire for suicide.

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Cull, Stephanie Yolanda McLellan. "Implications of suicide writings." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8332/.

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This thesis examined the role of suicide notes as left by the victims of suicide. Suicide note analysis is arguably one of the most robust methodologies in the study of suicide and its prevention. Only a fraction of suicide victims leave a note, however. Although homogeneity has largely been assumed between note writers and non-writers, this assumption was initially made with little if any supporting evidence. This thesis therefore aimed to investigate whether note writers are representative of all suicide victims. A systematic review of existing literature which statistically compared note writers to non-writers was performed. Roughly half of the identified citations reported significant differences between note writers and non-writers; the remainder reported no significant differences. A critique of the Suicide Intent Scale was also presented. The scale’s psychometric properties, strengths, limitations, and contributions to research and clinical practice were evaluated. The thesis also empirically investigated the assumed homogeneity between note writers and non-writers by performing a comparative study using a previously untested sample of Canadian suicide victims. It was concluded that there were no significant differences between note writers and non-writers. Cultural considerations were made. The limitations of this study and implications for future research were discussed.

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Nabors, Erik Stephen Heilbrun Kirk. "Risk and protective factors for suicide attempt and self-harm in individuals with a history of psychiatric hospitalization /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2004. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/335.

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7

Burrow, Shawna. "An Overview of Suicide and the Impact of Interacting Factors on Current Suicide Trends." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/437.

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Approximately 44,965 people committed suicide in 2016 in the United States, and the rate has been rising for a decade and a half. Suicide has far-reaching consequences which affect not only the victim, but those close to the person as well. For every suicide, an estimated six people are futher traumatized, bringing the current loss survivor estimate to over 5 million. Additionally, suicide costs tax payers about 70 billion dollars annually. Despite outranking homicide as a leading cause of death, the long-standing stigma associated with suicide creates a barrier for open and effective communication about the issue. This paper investigates the changing attitudes about suicide across time, the impact of the interacting factors of gender, age, sexuality, and depression, current suicide myths, the trend of suicide by cop, and discusses future needs for research and effective intervention and prevention.

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Cukrowicz, Kelly C., Sarah L. Brown, Sean M. Mitchell, Jared F. Roush, and Jameson K. Hirsch. "Feasibility of Assessing Suicide Ideation and History of Suicidal Behavior in Rural Communities." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12378.

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Suicide in rural areas has not received significant attention in the research literature to this point, although suicide rates are higher among adults and older adults in rural areas than in urban areas. The aims of the study were as follows: (1) establish the feasibility of assessing suicide ideation and history of suicidal behavior; (2) determine preliminary estimates of the prevalence of suicide ideation, and history of suicide attempts; and (3) examine the effectiveness and acceptability of safety and referral plans for individuals whose responses indicated elevated suicide risk, in rural communities with limited access to referral care. Participants were 96 adults aged 40 to 85 years old (M = 57.34, SD = 11.47) residing in West Texas. Our results indicate that 26% of participants endorsed a lifetime history of suicide ideation and/or suicide attempt(s) and 12.5% reported suicide ideation in the past year. In addition, 93.4% of participants reported that participation in our suicide-focused study was an excellent or good experience. Results suggest that individuals in rural communities are willing to talk about suicide, found the experience helpful, and were satisfied with the referral process.

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Stern, Savannah. "Suicide and Suicide Prevention in Media and Mass Culture." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2030.

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With suicide on the rise nationwide, it is important now more than ever to prioritize suicide as a public health issue. This means raising awareness and conducting research aimed at developing new suicide prevention tools and strategies, as well as reevaluating and challenging already existent ones. Media messaging can be a great suicide prevention tool. Suicide depictions and reporting in different forms of media—including newspapers, online publications, film, television, and more—have the power to influence behavior. When reporting in a safe and appropriate manner, the media can influence behavior in a positive way and encourage help-seeking. However, reports that sensationalize and glamorize suicide have the potential to spark suicide contagion. Thus, when reporting on suicide it is crucial to be aware of best practices and recommendations developed by experts. In recent years, media campaigns aimed at suicide prevention have gained traction. While there has been some evidence suggesting the success of such campaigns, more research is needed in this area. Further research is also needed to assess the effects of fictional depictions of suicide in film and television.

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Newman, Garth. "Suicide and bereavement : an interpretive study." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1137.

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Stillman, Amy Paskett. "Utah Mental Health Professionals' Recommendations for Working with Youth at Risk for Suicide." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6081.

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Suicide has immediate and long-term negative effects on surviving family members and adverse effects in the school and community. Suicide rates for children and adolescents have increased in the United States since 2009. As part of suicide prevention efforts, information about risk factors and warning signs are typically addressed in schools, private organizations, and communities. In addition to academic literature for professional audiences, various therapeutic resources are available to assist those who grieve the suicide of a loved one. In particular, practical and easy-to-implement interventions are needed by those who offer support to suicidal individuals and survivors of suicide. Practical resources are needed to address suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention needs. This study is based on a questionnaire that was given to 250 registered individuals at an annual state suicide prevention training conference. Of those attending, 60 (24%) completed the questionnaire. Participants who did not have experience working with suicidal youth did not participate, so the actual participation rate was influenced by this factor. Questions explored the recommendations of mental health professionals (N=60) who worked with (a) suicidal youth, (b) siblings of youth who completed suicide, and/or (c) youth whose parent completed suicide. More specifically this study investigated specific strategies and resources for working with these three specific groups of survivors. Findings from this study indicated that mental health professionals recommend a variety of suicide prevention resources and strategies such as implementing evidenced-based prevention programs, accessing community resources, offering individual and group counseling for survivors, involving or creating support systems, and listening to the affected youth. Also, recommended therapeutic approaches should include an action plan where students are able to receive appropriate mental health services. Based on this study, mental health professionals may be more effective as they acquaint themselves with available resources such as counselors, school psychologists, and community services to comprehensively care for struggling individuals. Mental health professionals, educators, and staff members should obtain relevant information and utilize effective intervention models in order to better address the prevention, intervention, and postvention needs of surviving individuals.Recommendations are made for future research in identifying the combination of resources that are most helpful. Recommendations are also made regarding specific content and training strategies to more effectively prepare and equip professionals to engage more fully in effective and supportive suicide prevention efforts.

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Delgado, Kolina J. "The Role of Relationships in Completed Suicide: A Gendered Analysis of Suicide Notes." Wright State University Professional Psychology Program / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wsupsych1340656093.

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13

Hamilton, Dustin R. "Suicide as an Escape from Pain: An Analysis of Suicide Notes and Case Files." Wright State University Professional Psychology Program / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wsupsych1342133835.

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14

Santos, José Henrique Catarino. "Suicide study : a psychological autopsy." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/12162.

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RESUMO: O'suicídio'é'atualmente'um'problema'de'saúde'pública.'Estimarse'que'um'milhão'de'pessoas' morra'anualmente'devido'ao'suicídio.'De'acordo'com'diversas'agências'e'organizações'estimar 'que'ocorram'entre'20'a'40'tentativas'de'suicídio'por'cada'suicídio'consumado.'Os'custos'associados'ao'suicídio,'quer'humanos'quer'económicos'são'enormes'e'estendemrse'à'família,'emprego,'economia'e'finanças.'Os'números'oficiais'do'suicídio'em'Portugal'indicam'uma'taxa ligeiramente'acima'dos'10'por' cada'100'000'habitantes'mas' comportando' regiões'onde' são'observadas' taxas' muito' elevadas,' como' no' Sudoeste' de' Portugal' onde' se' observam particularmente taxas 3'vezes'acima'da'média'nacional.' Investigámos' o' fenómeno' com' os' objetivos' de' validar' a' técnica' de' autópsia' psicológica' em' contexto' comunitário' nunca' realizado' em' Portugal,' e' dar' um' contributo' para' uma' compreensão'mais'alargada'deste'problema'de'saúde'pública,'especialmente'nesta'região'de' Odemira.' A' autópsia' psicológica' consiste' em' reunir' detalhadamente' informação' sobre' a'personalidade' e' vida' de' alguém' que' morreu' em' circunstâncias' equívocas' (por' suicídio,' homicídio' ou' acidente)'recorrendo'ainda'a'registos'e'documentação,'bem'como'procedendo'a entrevistas' com' familiares,' colegas' ou' amigos.' Foi' feita' uma' adaptação' de' uma' entrevista' semirestruturada' para' o' efeito.' Foram' recrutados' 2' grupos' de' participantes:' um' grupo' de familiares de pessoas que cometeram'suicídio'(n=30)'e'um'grupo'de'familiares'de'pessoas'que morreram de causas' naturais' (n=24).' O' estudo' decorreu' em' 3' momentos' com' sessões' de' apresentação' (i),' sessões' de' preparação' (ii)' e' entrevistas' para' recolha' de' informação' e'monitorização.'' Os' principais' resultados'mostram' que' existiram' dificuldades' na' obtenção' da' informação' a'partir' dos' entrevistados,' a'maioria' dos' suicidas' eram'homens' acima' dos' 40' anos' de' idade,' afetados' por' lesões' graves' ou' doenças' graves' ' no' período' adulto' embora' apresentassem'condições' válidas' para' trabalhar,' reformados,' vivendo' em' família,' com' traços' de'personalidade' amargurados,' tristes' ou' pessimistas,' com' escassas' atividades' nos' tempos' de' lazer,' sem' problemas' somáticos' significativos' ou' perturbações'mentais' que' comunicaram' a intenção de morrer previamente'e'provenientes'de'famílias'sem'dificuldades'económicas'ou'relações'familiares'desadequadas.' Tendo'em'conta'a'literatura,'algumas'das'características'parecem'ser'muito'particulares'desta'população.'Aparentemente'o'suicídio'poderá'ter'implicações'genéticas'que'deveriam'ser'tidas'em'conta'em'futuras'investigações.' A'integração'da'saúde'mental'nos'cuidados'de'saúde'primários'afigurarse'urgente'tendo'em' conta' que' a' escassez' de' profissionais' de' saúde'mental' é' enorme' numa' parte' do' país' onde'ocorre' o'maior'número'de' suicídios.'Mudar'de'modelo'e'reorganizar'os' serviços'de' forma'a' poder' dar' uma' resposta' ao' défice' de' tratamento' de' saúde' mental' e' ter' em' conta' os' determinantes'sociais'da'saúde'para'fazer'face'ao'isolamento'é'fundamental.' ---------------ABSTRACT: Suicide' is,'nowadays,' a'public'health'problem.'A'million'dies' annually'by' suicide'worldwide.' According'to'several'agencies'and'organizations'an'estimation'of'20'to'40'suicide'attempts'is advanced for each complete' suicide. Associated'costs'to'suicide,'both'human'and'economic,'are' huge' and' spread' on' family,' jobs,' economy,' and' finances.' Official' available' figures' for' suicide' in' Portugal' indicate' a' rate' slightly' over' 10' for' each' 100' 000' inhabitants,' but' with'regions'where'one' can' actually' find'extremely'high' rates,' like' for' instance' in' the'Southwest' part' of' the' country,' where' are' regularly' found' rates' 3' times' higher,' when' compared' to'national'average.'' We' have' investigated' the' phenomenon' aiming' to' validate' the' technique' of' psychological'autopsy' in' a' community' context' never' explored' before' in' Portugal' and' to' contribute' for' a' wider' understanding' of' this' public' health' problem,' especially' in' this' region' of' Odemira.' Psychological'autopsy'consists'into'a'detailed'gathering'of'information'about'the'personality'and' life' of' someone' died' in' equivocal' circumstances' (suicide,' homicide,' accident),' registries and other'documentation'as'well'as'interviews'with'family'members,'corworkers'and'friends.' An' adaptation' of' a' semirstructured' interview' was' made.' Two' groups' of' participants' were'recruited: a'group of'relatives'of'people'committing'suicide'(n=30),'and'a'group'of'relatives'of'people' whose' death' was' after' natural' causes' (n=24).' Study' was'made' in' 3'moments' with'presentation'sessions;'(i)'preparation'sessions;'(ii)'interviewing'data'collection'and'monitoring' iii).'' Main'results'showed'difficulties'to'obtain'information'from'interviewees,'most'suicides'were' from males over 40 years old, affected'by'serious'illness'or'severe'injury'in'adulthood'but'valid'to'work,'retired,'living'in'family,'with'bitterness,'sad'or'pessimistic'as'personality'traits,'with'few' leisure' activities,' without' significant' health' somatic' problems' or' mental' disorders,'communicating'intention'to'die'previously,'coming'from'families'with'no'indication'of'financial'distress'or'inadequate'family'relationship.' Taking'into'account'the'literature'it'looks'like'some'features'seem'to'be'quiet'particular'from'this'population.'Apparently'one'might'say'that'suicide'could'have'genetic'implications'which'further'research'should'account'in'the'future.' Integration' of'mental' health' into' primary' care' is' urgent' once' the' scarcity' of'mental' health' professionals' is' enormous' in' a' part' of' the' country' where' most' suicides' occur.' Scaling' up services must go in order'to'address'to'treatment'gap'and'social'determinants'of'health'should'be'taken'into'account'to'face'isolation.' Results' show' that' the' profile' of' the' suicidal' in' the' region' of' Odemira' is' particular' and'implications' of' genetics' should' be' taken' into' account.' Moreover' much' can' be' done' in'organization' of' services' in' the' region' where' we' performed' the' present' study' in' order' to'address'to'treatment'gap'for'mental'disorders'and'to'the'social'determinants'of'health.

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15

Jones, Ian F. "Social factors in adolescent suicidal ideation and behavior." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332529/.

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The decision by teenagers either to consider or to attempt to commit suicide was addressed in this research. Covariance structure analysis (LISREL) techniques were used to examine the influence of four social-psychological factors (psychic disruption, delinquency, family disruption, and school problems) upon a suicidal orientation.

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16

Athey, Alison Joanne. "The Effects of Suicide-Specific Beliefs on Chronic and Acute Suicide Risk." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1594222626198112.

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Baker, Derek Allen. "School Psychologists' Suicide Prevention and Intervention Readiness." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1592305345170071.

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18

Williams, Amanda Gail. "Mediating Factors in the Relationship Between Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Suicide Attempt." TopSCHOLAR®, 2016. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1589.

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Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is considered a strong predictor of suicidal behavior, although the exact relationship between NSSI and suicide is not clear. Several factors have been suggested in previous research, including attitudes toward one’s own body, thoughts and beliefs regarding death and suicide, and the ability to cause physical harm to oneself. In the current study, the researcher obtained data from 285 young adult participants who reported a history of NSSI. Two multiple mediation models were tested in which body protection, suicide-related concerns, and acquired capability for suicide were examined as mediators of the relationship between NSSI and suicide attempt frequency. The first model, in which the predictor was NSSI frequency, was not supported. The second model, in which the predictor was NSSI versatility of methods, was partially supported; the only significant mediator was suicide-related concerns. These results add to the literature regarding the relationship between NSSI and suicide.

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Bozzay, Melanie Lauren. "Linking Insomnia and Suicide Ideation: The Role of Socio-Cognitive Mechanisms in Suicide Risk." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5916.

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Despite what is known about predictors of suicide risk and consequences of insomnia, research has yet to delineate mechanisms that may explain the known relationship between insomnia symptoms and suicide risk. There is some disagreement in the literature regarding whether this relationship could be primarily explained by recent depressive symptoms, or whether there may be other explanatory factors related to sleep deficits. The present study addressed this contention in the literature by examining 1) whether socio-cognitive variables (e.g. fatigue, appraised social problem-solving ability, and hopelessness) explained this insomnia-ideation relationship, and 2) whether these variables contributed some explanatory variance in suicide ideation above and beyond that explained by depressive symptoms. Approximately 483 female participants completed an online study survey. Cross-sectional path analyses were conducted in order to examine the initial hypothesized path, as well as whether the path persisted when depression was integrated in the model. Results suggest that the hypothesized socio-cognitive factors related to sleep deficits partially mediate the established insomnia-suicide ideation relationship. And, further, that the socio-cognitive pathway from sleep loss to suicide ideation persists even when accounting for recent depressive symptoms, such that both pathways separately explain some degree of this relationship. These findings have meaningful implications for understanding mechanisms by which insomnia symptoms may confer heightened risk for considering suicide.

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Farber, Kim Elyse. "Love-suicide| Destructive reconstruction in the kingdom of love." Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3733831.

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This hermeneutic study explores the phenomenon of love-suicide using Cleopatra VII as a case study. This research explores a variety of depth psychological perspectives of death and destruction, suicide, and romantic love in order to gain an understanding of the meaning of death for the psyche and the archetypal underpinnings of suicide in the context of romantic love. Through investigating how the experiences and situations generated by love and generated in love may enliven the archetypal energy of suicide, defined as “destructive reconstruction,” this investigation establishes a basis for the notion that the shadow side of love may pull the soul to suicide.

This study uses the myth of Cleopatra’s love-suicide to test the ideas developed regarding the soul’s pull to suicide in romantic love. By imagining and exploring the projections and identifications Cleopatra may have held and how they may have impacted her love relationship with Antony and her suicide, this study demonstrates how the alchemy of being in love can deconstruct and reconstruct psyche and how love can dissolve the ego and materialize new life. The study concludes that this deconstructive process, an alchemical dissolution, is directed by the Self and ultimately may lead to physical death. This study’s symbolic inquiry into Cleopatra’s love-suicide illustrates that unlocking the mausoleum of the heart and exposing the interior darkness is a destructive process that is also potentially creative. That is, it may uncover the buried treasure within or bury the body that houses it.

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Hatch, Jacob. "Suicide an Orthodox perspective /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p015-0454.

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Athey, Alison J. "Trait Impulsivity and Its Association with Suicide Risk." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1467997145.

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Davis, Amy S. "Suicide Survivorship Among Lesbians." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1310672169.

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Woods, Sherry Elizabeth. "The Relationships Between Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Frequency and Suicidal Behaviors, Depression, and Anxiety: A Curvilinear Analysis." TopSCHOLAR®, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2041.

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Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) involves the deliberate damage of one’s own bodily tissue without suicidal intent. A number of psychological disorders and indicators of distress are correlated with the behavior, including suicidal behaviors (e.g. Whitlock & Knox, 2007), depression (e.g. Ross & Heath, 2002), and anxiety (e.g. Victor & Klonksy, 2014), and yet the research literature has been mixed on whether increased frequency of NSSI is correlated with increased levels of these variables. The present study hypothesized that these relationships are curvilinear. Data from a larger study were analyzed using curvilinear regression analyses, and hypotheses were partially supported. Curvilinear relationships were found between NSSI frequency and both depression and anxiety, such that the relationships were positive until approximately 300 incidents, after which they became negative. The relationship between NSSI and suicide ideation was positive and linear. Among the whole sample, there were curvilinear relationships between both NSSI and suicide attempts as well as NSSI and suicide threats. Among only the portion of the sample who reported a history of these variables, there was no relationship between frequency and suicide attempts, and a curvilinear relationship between frequency and suicide threats that declined after 325 incidents. Results add to the current understanding of NSSI frequency and provide support for evidence that conflict with the proposed frequency criterion for nonsuicidal self-injury disorder.

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Nel, Janet. "Survivors' adjustment process to suicide in the nuclear family." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52473.

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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Suicide is currently one of the leading causes of death in many countries, and is still stigmatized to some extent in some cultures. As bereavement by suicide is a very difficult loss to adjust to, this study aims at creating a better understanding of the adjustment process that survivors of suicide have to go through. The study focuses on the impact of this kind of bereavement on family members and other people touched by the loss of someone to suicide. The needs of the bereaved have to be researched so that a suitable intervention programme can be developed to lessen the severity of the aftermath for survivors of suicide. Supportive aftercare (postvention) may also help prevent further tragedies following in the wake of suicide. The severity and stigma of suicide often contribute to the isolation of nuclear family members in their grief at a time when societal support would have been most helpful. Suicide touches the lives of people of all ages. Some may have special needs such as parents who lose a child to suicide or children whose parent has committed suicide. Better knowledge and understanding of the experiences of these survivors may guide caregivers to assist them with their bereavement and adjustment process as well as assist them in acquiring the necessary coping skills to work through the guilt, fears, anger, regrets and sorrow associated with their tragic loss. A review of the relevant literature is presented with pertinent hypotheses to inform further research to develop a suitable intervention programme for survivors of suicide in the nuclear family. A questionnaire is also presented that may guide interviewing of people affected by suicide in the family.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Selfmoord lS tans een van die leidende oorsake van sterfte in baie lande van die wereld. Die verlies van 'n geliefde aan selfmoord is baie moeilik om te verwerk, en hierdie studie beoog om beter begrip vir hierdie proses te bewerkstellig. Daardeur kan die samelewing meer bewus word van die impak van selfmoord op die naasbestaandes van iemand wat as gevolg van selfrnoord gesterf het. Die spesifieke behoeftes van die treurendes moet nagevors word sodat toepaslike intervensieprograrnme uitgewerk kan word, wat kan bydra om die impak van selfmoord op naasbestaandes to help versag. Ondersteuning aan naasbestaandes na selfmoord kan die voorkoms van verdere tragedies in die gesin help voorkom. Die geweldige impak asook die stigma van selfmoord van 'n gesinslid dra dikwels by tot isolasie van die kemgesin tydens hul routydperk,juis terwyl hulle dit die nodigste het. Selfrnoord raak mense van aile ouderdomme, elk met hul eiesoortige behoeftes, soos ouers wie se kind selfmoord gepleeg het of kinders van wie 'n ouer gesterf het as gevolg van selfmoord. Beter kennis en begrip van die ervarings van naasbestaandes kan hulpverleners lei om bedroefdes te help met hul rouproses en aanpassing, asook hulle bystaan om die nodige hanteringsvaardighede te verwerf sodat hulle die samehangende skuldgevoelens, vrese, woe de, berou en verdriet kan verwerk. 'n Oorsig van die toepaslike literatuur word aangebied met pertinente hipoteses om verdere navorsing toe te lig in die ontwikkeling van 'n toepaslike intervensieprogram vir naasbestaandes na selfmoord in die kemgesin. 'n Vraelys word aangebied wat onderhoudvoering met naasbestaandes kan lei.

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Hardy, Jennifer L. "Hope and Suicide: An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship Between Hope Theory and The Interpersonal Theory of Suicide." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1531925195757865.

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Brown, Kristine Lynne. "Predictors of Suicide Ideation and the Moderating Effects of Suicide Attitudes." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1301765761.

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Millner, Alexander Joseph. "Clarifying the Pathway to Suicide: An Examination of Subtypes of Suicidal Behavior and Their Association With Impulsiveness." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:23845414.

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Suicide is a leading cause of death around the world. Yet research seeking to uncover the causes of suicide has made little advancement. The purpose of this dissertation is to advance the understanding of one understudied but critical component of suicidal behaviors: how individuals move down the pathway from first thinking about suicide to ultimately attempting to take their own lives. A secondary goal of this work is to examine some flawed methods used in prior research in this area. This ancillary goal results in potential solutions provided in each paper that will allow researchers to collect more reliable data and to draw more valid inferences from these data to better understand the pathway to suicide. In Paper 1, I examine the validity of single-item measurement, a commonly used approach in this area of research in which key suicidal behaviors are assessed with one brief question. The primary finding in that paper is that single-item measurement is associated with significant misclassification of suicidal behavior. In addition, in that paper, I offer and examine an approach that improves validity for self-reported suicidal behaviors. In Paper 2, I attempt to improve on prior research examining suicide planning prior to a suicide attempt and present descriptive data showing how people transition from thinking about suicide to actually attempting (i.e. planning steps they take during this transition). This study revealed that the vast majority of steps occur within 2 weeks and most within 12 hours of an attempt. However, the results also revealed heterogeneous individual differences in the order and timing of planning steps as people moved from thinking about suicide to attempting suicide. In Paper 3, I examine the association between impulsiveness and suicidal behavior, using more comprehensive measures of both constructs than prior studies. Unlike most prior studies, this study also recruits groups that are able to test whether increased impulsiveness could help explain why, among people that think about suicide, some people attempt to kill themselves and others do not. In a secondary goal, I examine whether questions regarding past suicidal behaviors influence self-report measurement potentially causing invalid assessment. The findings from that paper reveal only one dimension of impulsiveness – negative urgency – that differs between suicidal and control participants and none that differ between ideators and attempters. Thus, dimensions of impulsiveness in Paper 3 do not appear to influence attempts among ideators. I also find that answering questions about suicide before self-report measures of impulsiveness influences the degree of impulsiveness reported by suicide attempters and suicide ideators. Specifically, attempters report increased levels impulsiveness compared with ideators when suicide questionnaires are asked first but there is no difference between the groups when participants’ answer impulsiveness questionnaires prior to questions about suicide. In all three papers, I criticize prior research but provide approaches that could lead to modest improvements in methodology and, hopefully, lead to new discoveries in understanding how and why people transition from thinking about killing themselves to attempting suicide.
Psychology

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Hurtado, Alvarado Maria Gabriela. "Risk and Protective Factors for Suicidal Behaviors in Mexican Youth: Evidence for the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1365114740.

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Rabon, Jessica Kelliher, Edward C. Chang, and Jameson K. Hirsch. "Positive Psychology and Suicide Prevention: an Introduction and Overview of the Literature." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5547.

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Book Summary: This inspiring resource presents theories, findings, and interventions from Positive Suicidology, an emerging strengths-based approach to suicide prevention. Its synthesis of positive psychology and suicidology theories offers a science-based framework for promoting wellbeing to complement or, if appropriate, replace traditional deficit-driven theories and therapies used in reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Coverage reviews interpersonal, intrapersonal, and societal risk factors for suicide, and identifies protective factors, such as hope and resilience, that can be enhanced in therapy. From there, chapters detail a palette of approaches and applications of Positive Suicidology, from the powerful motivating forces described in Self-Determination Theory to meaning-building physical and social activities. Among the topics covered: Future-oriented constructs and their role in suicidal ideation and enactment. Gratitude as a protective factor for suicidal ideation and behavior: theory and evidence. Considering race and ethnicity in the use of positive psychological approaches to suicide. The Six R’s framework as mindfulness for suicide prevention. Community-based participatory research and empowerment for suicide prevention. Applied resiliency and suicide prevention: a strengths-based, risk-reduction framework. Psychotherapists, counselors, social workers, psychiatrists, and health psychologists, as well as educators, clergy and healthcare professionals, will find A Positive Psychological Approach to Suicide an invaluable source of contemporary evidence-based strategies for their prevention and intervention efforts with suicidal clients.

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Brown, Kristine L. "The Connection between Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Suicide Behavior: What Links Post-traumatic Stress Disorder to Suicide?" University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1372598026.

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O'Connor, Rory. "Suicide and parasuicide : aspects of identification and prevention." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388170.

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Roberts, Aaron C. "Life after surviving a suicide attempt." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2016. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/15035/.

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Investigating the experience of life after a suicide attempt, and understanding how people find meaning and go on living, is important for developing appropriate responses. This study explored the unique lived experience of life after surviving a suicide attempt. Seven adults were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. Interviews were transcribed and subjected to an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Four themes emerged, each with subthemes: relationship to suicide (the ongoing-ness of suicide, in-between-ness), relationship to healing (proceeding differently, freedom to heal, being regarded), relationship to self (encountering oneself, authentic being), and relationship to life (living with meaning, connectedness and belonging, curiosity and uncertainty). An overall theme of transformation emerged from the analysis. The opportunity for transformation can be experienced as ongoing crisis and can lead to deeper personal meaning if facilitated appropriately. Having meaning and purpose in life were experienced as essential to living. It is recommended clinical psychologists, and others, be prepared for the unpredictability of transformation and adapt existing practices where needed.

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Strid, Linette, and Anna Lundgren. "”Man är ju i ett tillstånd som inte går att beskriva” : att uppleva en närståendes självmord." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Psykologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-124577.

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Målet med studien är att med kvalitativ metod undersöka efterlevandes upplevelse av en närståendes självmord. Med semi-strukturerade intervjuer har sex deltagare i Mellansverige skildrat sin upplevelse och materialet har bearbetats i enlighet med metoden Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Genom analysen synliggjordes tre områden nämligen 1) att uppleva en närståendes självmord, 2) att hantera en närståendes självmord och 3) att skapa mening kring en närståendes självmord. Dessa består i sin tur av ett antal teman som detaljerat beskriver varje del av den totala upplevelsen. Något som är särskilt värt att nämna är hur viktig omgivningens förståelse varit för att de efterlevande ska kunna bearbeta sitt trauma. Deltagande i stödgrupp för efterlevande har varit till hjälp samt den inre styrka som samtliga deltagare upplever sig ha anammat för att orka och utvärderat studiens begränsningar samt givit förslag på fortsatt forskning.

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Beale, Eleanor. "THE PATH NOT TAKEN: DISTINGUISHING INDIVIDUALS WHO COMPLETE SUICIDE FROM THOSE WHO DIE BY NATURAL CAUSES DESPITE A SHARED HISTORY OF SUICIDE ATTEMPT." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1575459910435034.

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Hirsch, Jameson K., Jon R. Webb, and Nadine J. Kaslow. "Daily Hassles and Suicide Ideation in African-American Female Suicide Attempters: Moderating Effect of Spiritual Well-Being." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/672.

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Suicide risk is increased for previous suicide attempters, who may be vulnerable to exacerbating factors such as daily hassles; yet, individual-level, adaptive characteristics may ameliorate risk. We examined the influence of daily hassles on suicidal ideation and the moderating role of spiritual well-being and its subscales of religious and existential well-being. In our cross-sectional study, 148 African-American female suicide attempters were recruited from a large, urban hospital and completed the Survey of Recent Life Events, Spiritual Well-Being Scale, and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. Religious and existential well-being moderated the association between hassles and suicidal thoughts; this relationship was weaker for individuals with greater levels of spiritual well-being. Historically, spiritual beliefs have been important to the African-American community and their promotion may effectively prevent additional thoughts of suicide by attempters experiencing hassles of daily life.

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McGirr, Alexander. "The role of impulsive and impulsive aggressive behaviours in the risk for suicide and the familial transmission of suicidal behaviours /." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116037.

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One of the most difficult and serious challenges facing the mental health professional is the prevention of suicide. Efficient prevention, however, depends on early detection of patients at risk for suicidal behaviour, which in turn depends on a better understanding of the predisposing factors. Over the last years, based on a large volume of data, it has become increasingly clear that subjects who commit suicide present high levels of impulsive and impulsive-aggressive behaviours.
In the first approach, we investigate whether levels of the impulsive aggressive diathesis were more important in suicide occurring at different life stages. In the second, we investigate whether levels of the diathesis predicted when during the course of major depressive disorder suicide occurs.
Family studies have consistently indicated that suicidal behaviour tends to cluster in families. However, relatives also present increased risk for psychiatric morbidity, and therefore, the critical question is whether or not the liability to suicidal behavior is given by the same predisposition to the coexistent psychiatric disorders.
Therefore, in the third study, we examined the independence of familial liability using a three group design. The relatives of deceased suicide probands who died in the context of a major depressive episode are compared to the relatives of living depressed subjects without a history of suicide and to the relatives of healthy controls screened for the absence of major depression and suicide.

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Hatton, Victoria R. "Secondary Teachers' Perceived Role in Suicide Prevention and Intervening with Suicidal Students." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4215.

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Best practices in adolescent suicide prevention include teachers as major participants, because teachers are in a unique and frontline position to support students. Unfortunately, many teachers are unaware of their role in suicide prevention efforts. In addition to confusion about their roles, teachers may feel uncomfortable and/or lack confidence in their abilities to identify warning signs and intervene with suicidal students. This study assessed secondary teachers' (N = 74) perceptions of their role in suicide prevention as well as how they perceive their comfort and confidence levels in identifying and intervening with suicidal students. In addition, this study explored possible reasons teachers might feel uncomfortable assisting in suicide prevention. While teachers overwhelmingly agreed that they should have a role in adolescent suicide prevention, teachers also reported having limited confidence in their ability to identify or help potentially suicidal youth. Teachers also acknowledged limited training, fear of making the situation worse, and fear of legal repercussions as potential barriers to participating in suicide prevention efforts. Consequently, teachers will benefit from more direct training which clearly identifies their roles and allows opportunities for teachers to role play.

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Kitching, Philip Herman. "Understanding suicide: a psychobiographical study of Ian Kevin Curtis." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18178.

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Psychobiography can be viewed as the re-writing of an individual‟s life story previously undetected. In general, it consists of a combination of two central elements: biography and psychological theory, which aim to explain the particular individual‟s psychological development. This particular study serves to explore the extraordinary life of renowned singer and songwriter, Ian Kevin Curtis (1956-1980), who died by suicide at the early age of 23. The basis for this investigation will take the form of notable biographical accounts of the subject‟s life, together with the application of Thomas Joiner‟s (2005) interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide which identifies factors that lead to suicidal ideation - in an attempt to understand the psychological circumstances that contributed to Curtis‟s suicide. In doing so, Adler‟s (1929) theory of Individual Psychology was applied to the life of Curtis in an attempt to build on Joiner‟s theory. This led to the concept of control being introduced and contributed to the development of an intake form to identify those at risk for suicide. It is hoped that exploring the psychological circumstances that contributed to Curtis‟s suicide and their interpretation by the subject will bring about an understanding of the risk factors that may induce suicide and, by extension, will highlight the relevance of this psychobiographical study as a tool for investigating and promoting preventative measures concerning suicide. The psychobiographical data collection and analysis for this research thesis will be guided by Yin‟s (2003) theory of „analytic generalisation‟ which uses a theoretical framework in selecting relevant data which develops a matrix as a descriptive framework for organising and integrating that data, and Alexander‟s (1988) analytical model which focuses on lifting out themes through principal identifiers of salience.

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Walker, Kristin, and Jameson K. Hirsch. "Suicide: The Importance of Problem Solving Skills." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/705.

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41

Thedorou, Marina. "Psychosocial aspects of attempted suicide : the case of Cyprus." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267251.

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The thesis reports on a series of studies on attempted suicide conducted III Limassol, Cyprus, over a 5-year period. The introductory chapters review the international and Greek literature on suicide attempt, describe the cultural and social context of the research and report on a study of committed suicide in Cyprus. The first suicide attempt study is based on an analysis of the clinical records of 172 cases seen at Limassol Hospital. A prospective study, designed to allow the collection of both quantitative and qualitative data, from 101 cases of suicide attempt, all seen by the author, is then presented. In-depth interviews and clinical assessment explored the demographic aspects and the circumstances of suicide attempt, as well as the motives behind the act and its outcome. An explanatory synthesis was developed for sub-groups in terms of individual social-cognitive factors and family relational factors. Qualitative analysis of the interviews, using a grounded theory approach, provided supporting evidence for the proposed synthesis. The third study begins with a review of the literature on attachment theory, attribution theory and the circumplex model of family relations. Hypotheses generated following the analysis of the second study are then explored using interviews and clinical assessment with 15 adolescent female suicide attempt subjects. A final synthesis based on all three studies is presented.

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Smith-Millman, Marissa. "SCHOOL-BASED SUICIDE PREVENTION LAWS IN ACTION: A NATION-WIDE INVESTIGATION OF PRINCIPALS’ KNOWLEDGE OF AND ADHERENCE TO STATE SCHOOL-BASED SUICIDE PREVENTION LAWS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1552560570696902.

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43

Clews, Kelsey. "Persecutory Delusions and Suicide in Schizophrenia." Thesis, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3688354.

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Suicide is a tragic, complex phenomenon experienced by individuals of all ages, genders and cultures. Given its widespread occurrence, it is important to identify predictive and risk factors in order to develop efficacious prevention and intervention strategies. One factor that has been consistently identified as increasing risk for suicide is being diagnosed with schizophrenia. Persecutory delusions have been most prominently researched in relation to outcome in schizophrenia; however, few studies have investigated the relationship between persecutory delusions and suicide risk for those with this diagnosis. Furthermore, studies that have been conducted are largely quantitative in nature, and therefore are limited by their ability to offer explanations for their results. Understanding quantitative relationships through a theoretical perspective focused on choice and meaning making, such as existential psychology, may increase the specificity and effectiveness of preventative programs and intervention approaches, ultimately leading to more saved lives. This dissertation therefore used archival data from participants in the Chicago Follow-Up Study diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder to explore the relationship between the course of suicidality and persecutory delusions in schizophrenia through an existential lens. Locus of control and self-esteem were included in the analysis as possible mediating variables. Those with high self-esteem endorsed higher suicidal activity, and those with persecutory delusions endorsed higher suicidal activity and a more external locus of control. Implications of these results suggest both self-esteem and locus of control should be addressed as possible mediating factors in the relationship between persecutory delusions and suicide for those diagnosed with schizophrenia.

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Samuelsson, Mats. "Attempted suicide : studies of attitudes and psychiatric care /." Stockholm, 1997. http://www.kibic.ki.se/ki/diss/971031samu.html.

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Erps, Kristen Herner. "School Psychologists and Suicide Risk Assessment: Role Perception and Competency." TopSCHOLAR®, 2018. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3062.

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As the second leading cause of death for adolescents, suicide has become one of the biggest concerns for school personnel. School psychologists are often expected to be the most competent and able to lead in suicide prevention efforts, however, studies have shown a lack of preparedness in crisis intervention and, more specifically, suicide risk assessment. This study surveyed practicing school psychologists (N = 92) to explore their perception of both their role and competency in suicide risk assessment. While school psychologists reported having varying roles within their district related to suicide risk assessment, the majority endorsed having a role at the tertiary level (i.e., intervening with a student identified as needing help). Participants indicated lacking both graduate training and competency in this area. Significant interactions were found between perceptions of role and competency and primary school setting, state employed, and previous training or exposure. Limitations and future directions are discussed.

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Mance-Khourey, Janette M. "Assessing Suicide Risk in the Amish: Investigating the Cultural Validity of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1353287053.

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Dirks, Bryan Larry. "Repetition of parasuicide : personality disorder, personality and adversity." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26144.

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This study aims to describe the relationship of personality disorders to the repetition of parasuicide whilst taking cognizance of recent developments in the classification of and assessment for personality disorders. This study also aims to determine whether risk factors described by other authors for further suicidal behavior are characteristic of these patients locally. This study also aims to describe the contribution of newly described personality dimensions to repetition of parasuicide. This study also describes suicidal behavior in the follow-up period of a cohort of parasuicide patients who were seen in the emergency psychiatric service during follow-up. This study also examines the comorbidity between the personality disorders categories defined by the clinical criteria of the Tenth International Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders or ICD-10, (World Health organization, 1992). This study compares the co-occurence of these new personality disorder categories with the comorbidity which has been observed in older classification systems (American Psychiatric Association; 1980, 1987) in order to determine whether this new classification system has led to less comorbidity among the personality disorders. This study also examines aspects of the relationship between informant based diagnoses of personality disorder and personality dimensions described by Cloninger et al (1994).

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Osterhues, Paige M. "Educators' Perspective of Suicide Prevention Program: Hope Squad." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1628245473895649.

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Taylor, Demetra T. "Investigation of a Clinical Suicide Risk Assessment." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408981316.

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Gibbs, Danette. "Assessing Suicidal Cognitions in Adolescents: Establishing the Reliability and Validity of the Suicide Cognitions Scale." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1278442806.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Suicide Psychology'

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