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1

Snopko, Jan. "Włodzimierz Suleja, Tymczasowa Rada Stanu, Warszawa 1998, ss. 240." Studia Podlaskie, no. 9 (1999): 243–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/sp.1999.09.14.

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2

Akano, O., A. Idris-Nda, and S. Waziri. "Geology and Hydrogeology of Part of Suleja North Central Nigeria." Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 9, no. 5 (January 10, 2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2016/21577.

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3

Adeleye, Bamiji, and Ayobami Popoola. "Poor development control as flood vulnerability factor in Suleja, Nigeria." Town and Regional Planning 74, no. 1 (June 12, 2019): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18820/2415-0495/trp74i1.3.

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4

Owoyele, GS, TO Ajobiewe, OO Idowu, SI Shuaibu, and VI Martins. "Spatial Analysis of Health Facilities in Suleja, Niger State, Nigeria." Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management 8, no. 3 (April 16, 2015): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejesm.v8i3.3.

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5

O., Mogba Emmanuel, Olanrewaju Comfort A.*, and Malann Yoila D. "Plasmodium sp. infection among the people of Suleja, Niger State, Nigeria." International Journal of Bioassays 5, no. 03 (March 1, 2016): 4885. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/ijbio.2016.03.008.

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Malaria infection is a major public health problem in the sub-Sahara Africa. A study on the status of malaria parasite infection was carried out on patients visiting the Government General Hospital and Citizen Hospital (a private hospital) in Suleja Local Government Area, Niger State, Nigeria from the month of January to April, 2014. A total of 500 persons were examined, 250 persons from each of the two hospitals and grouped according to their ages, zones, occupation and sexes. The private hospital recorded the highest infection rate of 75.2% while the government hospital recorded a lower rate (41.6%) and the overall prevalence of the study was 58.4%. Madalla zone which is nearer to the centre of the town recorded the highest rate (97.5%), age group 0-10 years had the highest infection rate of 66.9%. Among the different occupations examined in this study, students had the highest prevalence of 79.7%. However, there were no significant differences in the rate of infections in these categories (P>0.05). In relation to sex, females were more infected (62.8%) than the males (53.1%) with a significant difference (P< 0.05). It is suggested that health education on the transmission, prevention and control of Plasmodium infection in schools, market and public places should be intensified.
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6

Umar, Nura Khaliel, Halima Sadiya Abdullahi, and Ado Kibon Usman. "A Multi-Criteria Decision Support System in the Analysis of Flood Risk and Vulnerability Mapping in Suleja, Niger State, Nigeria." Proceedings of the ICA 2 (July 10, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-2-137-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This study aims at assessing flood risk factors and mapping areas vulnerable to flood in Suleja of Niger State, Nigeria, using Geo-spatial techniques. The method follows a multi-parametric approach and integrates some of the flood causative factors as: rainfall distribution, elevation and slope, drainage network and density, landuse/ land-cover and soil type. The Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) was used to rank and display potential locations, while the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was employed using pair-wise comparison to compute the priority weights of each factor. The various layers were integrated in weighted overlay tool in ArcGIS to generate the final vulnerability map (high, moderate and low). The normalized criterion weights were obtained for each factor, and the results shows that, rainfall (34) and slope (31) have the highest influence on flood in the study area. The Consistency Ratio (CR) with an acceptable level of 0.05 was obtained which further validated the strength of the judgement. The factor weights from the AHP were incorporated to produce a Geo-hazard map and it showed that areas that are high vulnerable to flood in Suleja constitute about 37%, while moderate and low vulnerable areas constitute about 45% and 18% respectively. Elements at high risk of flood are those found at the extreme northeast, where elevation is very low, southwest where rainfall distribution is high and on low lying areas along the depressions. Therefore using the Geo-hazard map as a guide, local councils and other stakeholders can act to prepare for potential floods.</p>
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Sadauki, Abubakar Ahmed, Shuaibu Ahmed Mahi, Rasheed Ojutiku, and Abdulhakeem Salau Bello. "Groundwater hydrochemical assessment of the crystalline aquifer of Suleja, North Central Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Technological Research 12, no. 1 (March 20, 2017): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtr.v12i1.12.

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8

Yisa, ES, CO Adebayo, US Mohammed, and PU Anaweta. "Profitability analysis of catfish farming in Suleja local government area of Niger state, Nigeria." Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 13, no. 1 (June 16, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jafs.v13i1.1.

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9

Abdulkadir, Isa, LawalWaisu Umar, HafsatuHassan Musa, Shuaibu Musa, OlusegunAbegunde Oyeniyi, OluwaseyiMary Ayoola-Williams, and Ladi Okeniyi. "Child sexual abuse: A review of cases seen at General Hospital Suleja, Niger State." Annals of Nigerian Medicine 5, no. 1 (2011): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0331-3131.84223.

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10

Yisa, Jonathan, John O. Jacob, and Christian C. Onoyima. "Assessment of Toxic Levels of Some Heavy Metals in Road Deposited Sediments in Suleja, Nigeria." American Journal of Chemistry 2, no. 2 (August 31, 2012): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5923/j.chemistry.20120202.08.

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11

Owoyele, GS, TO Ajobiewe, OO Idowu, D. Musa, and CB Ohadugha. "A study on the service radii and accessibility to health facilities in Suleja, Niger state." Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management 8, no. 6 (September 14, 2015): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejesm.v8i6.4.

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12

Bukoye, Roseline Olufunke. "Case Study: Prevalence and Consequencies of Streets Begging among Adults and Children in Nigeria, Suleja Metropolis." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 171 (January 2015): 323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.129.

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13

Muhammed Umar, Umar, Ejepu Jude Steven, Aweda Abdulwahid Kolawale, Ozoji Tochukwu Malachi, Adamu Lukman Musa, Abdulkadir Sani Ahmad, and Umoru Charles Ile. "A Multi-Dimensional Approach to Revealing Causes of Pavement Failures: Case Study of Minna – Suleja Highway, North-Central Nigeria." American Journal of Water Science and Engineering 6, no. 3 (2020): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20200603.11.

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14

Malgwi, Mark Bawa, Jorge Alberto Ramirez, Andreas Zischg, Markus Zimmermann, Stefan Schürmann, and Margreth Keiler. "A method to reconstruct flood scenarios using field interviews and hydrodynamic modelling: application to the 2017 Suleja and Tafa, Nigeria flood." Natural Hazards 108, no. 2 (May 7, 2021): 1781–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-04756-z.

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AbstractThe scarcity of model input and calibration data has limited efforts in reconstructing scenarios of past floods in many regions globally. Recently, the number of studies that use distributed post-flood observation data collected throughout flood-affected communities (e.g. face-to-face interviews) are increasing. However, a systematic method that applies such data for hydrodynamic modelling of past floods in locations without hydrological data is lacking. In this study, we developed a method for reconstructing plausible scenarios of past flood events in data-scarce regions by applying flood observation data collected through field interviews to a hydrodynamic model (CAESAR-Lisflood). We tested the method using 300 spatially distributed flood depths and duration data collected using questionnaires on five river reaches after the 2017 flood event in Suleja and Tafa region, Nigeria. A stepwise process that aims to minimize the error between modelled and observed flood depth and duration at the locations of interviewed households was implemented. Results from the reconstructed flood depth scenario produced an error of ± 0.61 m for all observed and modelled locations and lie in the range of error produced by studies using comparable hydrodynamic models. The study demonstrates the potential of utilizing interview data for hydrodynamic modelling applications in data-scarce regions to support regional flood risk assessment. Furthermore, the method can provide flow depths and durations at houses without observations, which is useful input data for physical vulnerability assessment to complement disaster risk reduction efforts.
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Muhammad, Hadiza Kudu, Daniel Ojochenemi Apeh, Hadiza Lami Muhammad, Yemisi Bose Olorunmowaju, Ebere Ifeji, and Hussaini Anthony Makun. "Mycoflora of Maize in Niger State, Nigeria." Advanced Research in Life Sciences 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/arls-2019-0009.

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Abstract Fungi have been associated with contamination and spoilage of food. These organisms are known to thrive in different weather and environmental conditions. Maize kernel obtained from field, store and market from 25 Local Government Areas of Niger State within the month of August to September were analyzed for fungi occurrence using standard methods. Ten different fungus; Aspergillus niger, A. ochraceus, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. parasiticus, Mucor spp, Fusarium spp, Penicillium spp, Yeast and Rhizopus spp, were identified and isolated from the maize kernel. From the agro-ecological zones of the state, the most predominant fungi were Aspergillus species (241/345), Rhizopus spp (41/345) and Mucor spp (37/345) while Penicilium spp and yeast were the least identified. Within the zones, Aspergillus species have the highest occurrence; wet (65/95), driest (63/95), wettest (56/95) and dry zone (54/95) zones. The highest occurrence of fungi was found in the market sample (129) followed by store (112) and field (104). High percentage occurrence of 11.6% was recorded in Suleja, Wushishi, and Borgu Local Government Area, followed by 10.6, 10.1, 8.7, 9.7, 9.2, 8.7 and 8.2% in Bosso, Tafa, Madalla, Minna, Paiko, Bida and Sabon wuse respectively. Mold species known to be mycotoxin producers were reported in this work. This poses as a risk factor to food safety.
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16

R. A., Sani, Garba S. A, and Oyewole O. A. "Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Gram Negative Bacteria Isolated from Surgical Wounds in Minna, Bida, Kontagora and Suleja Areas of Niger State." American Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences 2, no. 1 (August 31, 2012): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5923/j.ajmms.20120201.05.

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17

R. A., Sani, Garba S. A., Oyewole O. A., and Ibrahim A. "Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Gram Positive Bacteria Isolated from Wound Infections in Minna, Bida, Kontagora and Suleja Area of Niger State." International JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE 2, no. 3 (August 31, 2012): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5923/j.health.20120203.01.

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18

Folami, Dr Olakunle Michael, Dr Fasuwon, Adebayo Adebayo, and Olugbenga Olaseinde. "Political Participation through Inclusiveness: An Exploration of Politics of Ethnic-Discrimination in Nigeria." International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 6, no. 6 (2021): 190–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.66.31.

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Political participation is characterized by ethnic-discrimination in Nigeria. Electoral processes and nomination of candidates at election often laced with ethnicity and discrimination. Selection of candidates for political offices usually follows politics of ethnicity. The constitutional provision which ensures equity often suspended whenever candidates were presented for electoral offices. This study examines causes of ethnic consideration as the basis for political participation. This study argues that recognition of every community member would enhance qualitative political participation in Nigeria. Recognition Theory, a social justice theoretical framework, was used in this study to explain concepts such as discrimination, ethnicity and participatory politics, and their centrality to democratic values in Nigeria. The theory provides explanation for the inequalities in political participation such as inaccessibility, disassociation, discrimination, prejudice and non-participation. Qualitative method of data collection was adopted in this study. Unstructured interview guide was designed to collect data from one hundred and twenty-five participants. The participants were selected from the capital of States selected for this study such as Benin, Suleja, Ilorin, Owerri, Ikeja and Osogbo. This paper found that voting patterns were influenced by factors such as ethnicity, favoritism, godfather, bribery and others. It was also found that candidates’ choice for elections is determined by godfather, ethnicity, age, religion rather that a ten-year residency dictated by the constitution. It was concluded that inclusiveness without discrimination such as ethnicity, region, godfather, state of origin and gender could galvanize equal political participation. This paper finally concluded that political participation though inclusiveness can reduce politics of ethnic-discrimination in Nigeria.
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19

Bawa, Abubakar, Muhammad Uthman, Farouq E. Shaibu, and Koledowo Saliu Oyewale. "Optimal Sizing and Sitting of Distributed Generation for Power Quality Improvement of Distribution Network." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 4, no. 10 (October 15, 2019): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2019.4.10.1555.

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The Point of Common Coupling (PCC) where suppliers’ responsibility and customers demand meet is of great concern due to increase degree of voltage variation assessment; valuable indicator of system conditions (voltage profile). Unstable condition of the power system outside operational or statutory limit, an adverse effect of nonlinear loads usually generate harmonics as well as fundamental frequency voltage variations and increase rate of power losses. These loads need to be compensated for. The major concerns of utility operations is to mitigate adverse effect of this system conditions. This research work focuses on optimal siting and sizing of Distributed Generation (DG) in a 43 bus distribution system. Power losses coupled with voltage deviation, considering objective function that compute present percentage losses in 11kV Dikko feeder, Abuja Electricity Distribution Company (AEDC), Suleja Distribution Network, Nigeria. We identified buses with poor voltage profile without DG installation and determined optimal sizing and siting of DGs where losses can be mitigated and power quality improved. ETAP version 12.6 2014 was used for load flow analysis to establish a decisive based case. The total load of the system considered was (3490 + j2700) kVA. Active and Reactive power losses in the system before DG installation were 246.300 kW and 289.903 kVAR respectively. DGs installation in the case study, has a considerable effects on loss reduction in the network. It is observed that 8.10% and 7.20% active and reactive power loss reduction was achieved while bus voltage improved by 0.4%. Genetic Algorithm Optimization techniques programmed in MATLAB 2015 software was used for optimal placement and sizing of the DG in the system.
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20

Bawa, Abubakar, Muhammad Uthman, Farouq E. Shaibu, and Koledowo Saliu Oyewale. "Optimal Sizing and Sitting of Distributed Generation for Power Quality Improvement of Distribution Network." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 4, no. 10 (October 15, 2019): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2019.4.10.1555.

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The Point of Common Coupling (PCC) where suppliers’ responsibility and customers demand meet is of great concern due to increase degree of voltage variation assessment; valuable indicator of system conditions (voltage profile). Unstable condition of the power system outside operational or statutory limit, an adverse effect of nonlinear loads usually generate harmonics as well as fundamental frequency voltage variations and increase rate of power losses. These loads need to be compensated for. The major concerns of utility operations is to mitigate adverse effect of this system conditions. This research work focuses on optimal siting and sizing of Distributed Generation (DG) in a 43 bus distribution system. Power losses coupled with voltage deviation, considering objective function that compute present percentage losses in 11kV Dikko feeder, Abuja Electricity Distribution Company (AEDC), Suleja Distribution Network, Nigeria. We identified buses with poor voltage profile without DG installation and determined optimal sizing and siting of DGs where losses can be mitigated and power quality improved. ETAP version 12.6 2014 was used for load flow analysis to establish a decisive based case. The total load of the system considered was (3490 + j2700) kVA. Active and Reactive power losses in the system before DG installation were 246.300 kW and 289.903 kVAR respectively. DGs installation in the case study, has a considerable effects on loss reduction in the network. It is observed that 8.10% and 7.20% active and reactive power loss reduction was achieved while bus voltage improved by 0.4%. Genetic Algorithm Optimization techniques programmed in MATLAB 2015 software was used for optimal placement and sizing of the DG in the system.
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Łatka, Rafał, and Filip Musiał. "O myśleniu życzeniowym w badaniach historycznych… Replika na recenzję Pytania, które nie zostały zadane…" Dzieje Najnowsze 53, no. 4 (January 12, 2022): 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/dn.2021.4.06.

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Tekst stanowi odpowiedź na recenzję tomu źródłowego „Dialog należy kontynuować…” Rozmowy operacyjne Służby Bezpieczeństwa z ks. Henrykiem Gulbinowiczem z lat 1969–1985. Studium przypadku, wybór, wstęp, oprac. Rafał Łatka, Filip Musiał, Warszawa– Kraków 2020, a właściwie wprowadzenia do niego, przygotowaną przez Wojciecha Polaka i Włodzimierza Suleję. Autorzy tekstu podważają tezy recenzji, bagatelizujące trwający 16 lat dialog operacyjny ks. Gulbinowicza z SB. Wzmacniają kwestionowane przez Polaka i Suleję tezy z książki „Dialog należy kontynuować…”, w oparciu o niewykorzystane wcześniej materiały źródłowe, wskazując, że obraz niezłomnego hierarchy, który funkcjonował przez lata w sferze publicznej, wymaga skorygowania.
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Salam, Rahayu. "PERTUNJUKAN TARIAN PEPE-PEPEKA RI MAKKA." Walasuji : Jurnal Sejarah dan Budaya 8, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.36869/wjsb.v8i1.115.

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Tulisan yang disajikan ini termasuk jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan; (1) asal-usul tarian Pepe-pepeka Ri Makka; (2) Fase Pertunjukan tarian Pepe-Pepeka Ri Makka ; (3) fungsi pertunjukan tarian Pepe-Pepeka Ri Makka dan (4) nilai-nilai budaya yang terdapat dalam pertunjukan tarian Pepe-pepeka Ri Makka. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah pengamatan, wawancara, catat, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa; (1) Tarian Pepe-Pepeka Ri Makka berasal dari dari pengaruh budaya Arab yang masuk ke wilayah Makassar dalam menyebarkan agama Islam. (2) Fase pertunjukan tarian Pepe-Pepeka Ri Makka adalah ragam ridoangnga (ragam berdoa), karenanna(religi permainan), dan ju’julu sulona-Ritongko’ (memberi cahaya api dan ucapan syukur). (3) Fungsi pertunjukan tarian Pepe-pepeka adalah sebagai ritual dalam penyebaran agama Islam pada perkembangan terakhir berfungsi sebagai hiburan. ; (4) terdapat beberapa nilai-nilai budaya yang tergambar dari tarian Pepe-Pepeka Ri Makka yaitu nilai filosofis yang terkait dengan konsep pada masyarakat Makassar yaitu salah satu mitologi appak sulapa (empat persegi) yakni , tana (tanah), jekne (air), angin (angin), dan Pepe (api). Dalam syair tari Pepe-pepeka ri Makka, makna yang terkandung di dalamnya sangat dalam terkait dengan penyebaranagama Islam.
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Belgin, ÇAKMAK. "Konya Sulama Birliklerinde Sulama Performansının Değerlendirilmesi." Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 7, no. 3 (2001): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1501/tarimbil_0000000663.

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Kusyairi, Umi, Ika Dewi Sartika, Husnul Hidayah, Sri Hartati, and Nurhidayat Nurhidayat. "IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN KURIKULUM PADA PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI SULAPA EPPA." NANAEKE: Indonesian Journal of Early Childhood Education 1, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/nananeke.v1i1.6908.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses perencanaan, pelaksanaan atau penerapan, dan pengembangan kurikulum di PAUD Sulapa Eppa Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah kepala sekolah PAUD Sulapa Eppa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik indepth interview (wawancara mendalam), observasi, dokumentasi dan angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Perencanaan kurikulum dilakukan setiap semester, di rancang jauh sebelum proses pembelajaran, serta di evaluasi setiap semester. Perencanaan kurikulum di PAUD Sulapa Eppa dilakukan dengan mengadaptasi kurikulum SISDIKNAS yang diintegrasikan dengan Visi dan Misi sekolah, serta unsur manusia pada PAUD Sulapa Eppa itu sendiri lalu di cantumkan ke dalam kurikulum. 2) Pelaksanaan kurikulum PAUD Sulapa Eppa tetap mengacu pada kurikulum nasional, namun memiliki ciri khas khusus yaitu penekanan pada empat muatan karakter: a) macca (pintar), b) malempu (jujur), c) warani (berani) dan d) magetteng (teguh pendirian) yang harus ada di setiap pelaksanaan tema pembelajaran. 3) Pengembangan kurikulum PAUD Sulapa Eppa sesuai dengan kebutuhan anak, jika memiliki kemampuan pemahaman yang cepat, maka materi pembelajaran akan di tambah. Kurikulum SISDIKNAS tidak langsung di terapkan dalam pembelajaran, namun di analisis dan di evaluasi sesuai dengan kebutuhan anak untuk semester selanjutnya.
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Gülper; ÇAKMAK, NALBANTOĞLU. "Akıncı Sulama Birliğinde Sulama Performansının Karşılaştırmalı Değerlendirilmesi." Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 13, no. 3 (2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1501/tarimbil_0000000551.

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Berna, KENDIRLI. "Harran Ovası Sulama Birliklerinde Antepfıstığının Sulama Planlaması." Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 7, no. 4 (2001): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1501/tarimbil_0000000697.

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Handayani, Wiwik, Sri Andarini, Diana Lyrawati, and Achmad Rudijanto. "Soy milk and ginger (Sulehe) increase PPAR-γ expression in a rat model of insulin resistance." Diabetes mellitus 21, no. 4 (October 10, 2018): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/dm9591.

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Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 is metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to a defect in insulin secretion resulting in insulin resistance. This disease leads to dysfunction of various organs including eyes, kidneys, and heart. One of the alternative diets which can be consumed is a mixture of soy milk and ginger (Indonesian: Susu kedelai dan jahe (Sulehe)). Sulehe contains isoflavones, PUFAs, and gingerols that are affected by insulin resistance. Aim: This study was aimed to discover the effect of Sulehe on peroxisome expression proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-) in a rat model of insulin resistance. Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into six study groups: (1) negative control, (2) positive control, (3) soy milk 5 g/kg BB diet, (4) ginger 500 mg/kg BB diet, (5) Sulehe (soy milk 2500 mg/kg BB + ginger 250 mg/kg BB) diet, (6) Sulehe (soy milk 5000 mg/kg BB + ginger 500 mg/kg BB) diet. This research belonged to experimental in vivo laboratory study with all replications of each treatment across all subjects is completely randomized, and data retrieval with a post-test only control group design. Results: The mean PPAR- activity in normal (control) rats was 578 82.02. Sulehe (soy milk 5000 g + ginger 500 mg) diet can increase rat PPAR- activity up to 1158 53.74. The significant different result achieved when p-value on ANOVA analysis is less than 0.05 (p0.05). According to the ANOVA analysis, there was a significant difference in PPAR- in the combination of soy milk + ginger 500 mg, with a difference of 345.5, compared with control. Conclusion: In summary, Sulehe may be a potential agent to influence PPAR- expression.
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Elsokary, M. M., and D. J. Miller. "169 MATURE OOCYTES TRIGGER THE RELEASE OF BOVINE SPERM FROM AN IMMOBILIZED OVIDUCT GLYCAN." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 29, no. 1 (2017): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv29n1ab169.

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After mating, sperm move from the site of semen deposition towards the oviduct, where sperm are stored before fertilization. Much of the literature indicates that oviduct glycans bind sperm to retain them in the oviduct reservoir. We have discovered that a specific oviduct glycan on the epithelium (sulfated Lewis A trisaccharide; suLeA) binds bovine sperm and maintains sperm viability. But the way in which sperm are released from oviduct epithelial glycans to fertilize oocytes is enigmatic. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that oocytes signal the release of sperm from an oviduct glycan (suLeA) on a bead and that the released sperm could fertilize the oocytes. Sepharose beads with avidin on their surface were used to immobilize biotinylated suLeA. After coupling, the beads were washed. Frozen bovine semen was thawed, and sperm were washed and allowed to bind to suLeA-coated beads for 1 h in capacitating medium at 39°C. Mature bovine oocytes were then prewashed with the same medium (without heparin) and added to droplets with sperm bound to beads and incubated for 18 h at 5% CO2 at 38.5°C. Bound sperm (mean = 4 per bead) were enumerated before and after oocyte addition. A control using dead (fixed) oocytes was also used. Three independent replicates were tested using 125 oocytes for each treatment. Data were analysed by ANOVA. The addition of live oocytes released 68.1% of the sperm bound to beads, whereas only 18.8% of sperm were released by addition of dead oocytes (control; P < 0.05). If heparin for sperm capacitation (3.125 g mL−1 final concentration) was added concurrently with the addition of live oocytes to sperm bound to beads, the majority of bound sperm were released (87.7%), whereas dead oocytes (control) released fewer sperm (67.3% sperm, P < 0.05). Thus, both heparin and oocytes released sperm from beads independently but, together, they released the greatest number of sperm. Altogether, our results indicate that, in addition to heparin, mature oocytes induce sperm release from immobilized oviduct glycans for fertilization. This is the first demonstration that oocytes can signal sperm release from oviduct glycans in any mammal.
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ÖZDOĞAN ÇAVDAR, Tuğçe, Mahmut TEPECİK, and Hakan GEREN. "Erken Gelişme Döneminde Uygulanan Kısıtlı Suyun Çayır Düğmesi (Poterium sanguisorba)’nde Verim ve Bazı Verim Özelliklerine Etkisi Üzerine Bir Ön Araştırma." ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences 5, no. 2 (June 2, 2021): 362–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/ispecjasvol5iss2pp362-371.

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Bu çalışma, farklı sulama dozlarının çayır düğmesi (Poterium sanguisorba) (Bünyan 80 çeşidi) bitkisinde ot verimi ve bazı verim özellikleri üzerine etkilerini incelemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma, 2019 yılının kış yetişme döneminde, Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü’nde, kontrollü iç ortam koşullarında saksı denemesi olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre dört tekerrürlü olarak yürütülen denemede beş farklı sulama dozu (tarla kapasitesinin (TK) %20-40-60-80-100) incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, bitki boyu, kuru ot verimi, kuru kök ağırlığı, ham protein oranı ve bitkideki; azot (N), fosfor (P), potasyum (K), kalsiyum (Ca) ve magnezyum (Mg) elementlerinin analiz oranları gibi bazı özellikler incelenmiştir. Denemede, sulama dozlarının incelenen tüm özellikler üzerinde istatistiksel olarak %1 düzeyinde önemli etkilerinin olduğunu göstermiştir. En yüksek kuru ot verimi %80, en düşük kuru ot verimi ise %20 sulama uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Su kıtlığı arttıkça bitki besin maddeleri ve ham protein konsantrasyonu azalmıştır.
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Dwenger, C. S. "‘Sulpha’ hypersensitivity." Anaesthesia 55, no. 2 (February 2000): 200–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2000.e1313.x.

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Arifoğlu, Yunus. "Horasan'da Sulama ve Sulama Kanalları (8-10. Yüzyıllar)." Cihannüma: Tarih ve Coğrafya Araştırmaları Dergisi 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2018): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30517/cihannuma.505523.

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ÇAKMAK, Belgin. "Ankara Beypazarı Başören Sulama Kooperatifi'nde Sulama Performansının Değerlendi." Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University 34, no. 2017-2 (January 1, 2017): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.13002/jafag4211.

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Wu, Wei, Lingzhi Huang, Qianzhuo Mao, Jing Wei, Jiajia Li, Yu Zhao, Qian Zhang, Dongsheng Jia, and Taiyun Wei. "Interaction of viral pathogen with porin channels on the outer membrane of insect bacterial symbionts mediates their joint transovarial transmission." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1767 (January 14, 2019): 20180320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0320.

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Many hemipteran insects that can transmit plant viruses in a persistent and transovarial manner are generally associated with a common obligate bacterial symbiont Sulcia and its β-proteobacterial partner. Rice dwarf virus (RDV), a plant reovirus, can bind to the envelope of Sulcia through direct interaction of the viral minor outer capsid protein P2 with the bacterial outer membrane protein, allowing the virus to exploit the ancient oocyte entry path of Sulcia in rice leafhopper vectors. Here, we show that RDV can hitchhike with both Sulcia and its β-proteobacterial partner Nasuia to ensure their simultaneous transovarial transmission. Interestingly, RDV can move through the outer envelope of Nasuia and reside in the periplasmic space, which is mediated by the specific interaction of the viral major outer capsid protein P8 and the porin channel on the bacterial outer envelope. Nasuia porin-specific antibody efficiently interferes with the binding between RDV and the Nasuia envelope, thus strongly preventing viral transmission to insect offspring. Thus, RDV has evolved different strategies to exploit the ancient oocyte entry paths used by two obligate bacterial symbionts in rice leafhoppers. Our results thus reveal that RDV has formed complex, cooperative interactions with both Sulcia and Nasuia during their joint transovarial transmission. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Biotic signalling sheds light on smart pest management’.
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Urbaniak, Magdalena, Edyta Kiedrzyńska, and Maciej Zalewski. "The role of a lowland reservoir in the transport of micropollutants, nutrients and the suspended particulate matter along the river continuum." Hydrology Research 43, no. 4 (January 27, 2012): 400–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2012.108.

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The water and sediment samples from the Sulejow Reservoir and Pilica River (Central Poland) were analysed for nutrients: total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN) and the suspended particulate matter (SPM) and dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs) concentration. Dl-PCBs were detected in sediments from all seven sampling locations with mean concentrations of 14.29 ng kg−1 dry weight (d.w.). The lowest concentration was recorded in the sediment collected below the Sulejow Reservoir (PR5; 2.92 ng kg−1 d.w.) and the highest in the sample collected from the mouth section of the Pilica River (PR7; 26.30 ng kg−1 d.w.). The 29% reduction of the total dl-PCBs concentration – from 9.21 ng kg−1 d.w. in the middle section to 6.54 ng kg−1 d.w. in the dam section of the Sulejow Reservoir – demonstrated the hydraulic transport and deposition of measured pollutants in the reservoir's sediments. The results obtained also revealed the reduction of nutrients and the SPM concentrations. A 45% reduction of SPM, 28% reduction of TP and 34% of TN was observed between the water inflow and outflow from the Sulejow Reservoir.
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DALER, Selda, and Rüstem CANGİ. "Sulama Suyu pH’sının Asma Anaçlarının Biyokütle, Köklenme, Kök ve Sürgün Gelişimi Üzerine Etkisi." Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 276–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.46592/turkager.2021.v02i02.002.

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Bu çalışmada, sulama suyu pH’sının asma anaçlarında kök ve sürgün gelişimi üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Kober 5 BB ve 41 B anaçlarına ait çelikler perlit içeren plastik potlara dikilerek, 6 farklı pH değerine sahip (5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5 ve 8.0) sulama çözeltisi ile sulanmışlardır. 90 günlük yetiştirme periyodunun sonucunda, anaçlara ait kök ve sürgün özellikleri incelenmiş ve en yüksek köklenme oranının nötr ve nötre yakın pH derecelerinde meydana geldiği belirlenmiştir. Her iki anaçta da yaş ve kuru kök ağırlığı değerlerinin pH: 6.0’da en yüksek seviyeye ulaştığı kaydedilmiştir. Ayrıca, en yüksek kuru madde oranının 41 B anacında pH: 6.0’dan (%6.15), 5 BB anacında ise pH: 6.0 ve 6.5 derecelerinden (sırasıyla, %4.46 ve %4.20) alındığı belirlenmiştir. Anaçların ortalama sürgün ağırlığı ve ortalama sürgün uzunluğu değerlerinin en yüksek pH: 6.5 derecesinden elde edildiği belirlenirken; SPAD cinsinden gerçekleştirilen klorofil ölçümleri sonucunda her iki anaçta da pH’sı 5.5-7.5 olan sulama solüsyonları arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli bir farklılığın bulunmadığı saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, farklı pH derecelerine sahip sulama çözeltilerinin asma anaçlarının morfolojik ve fizyolojik özellikleri üzerinde önemli rol oynadığı belirlenmiştir.
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Sulej, Wojciech, Krzysztof Murawski, and Tadeusz Pustelny. "Optical distortion compensation in the visual measurement with the new Depth From Defocus method." Photonics Letters of Poland 9, no. 4 (December 31, 2017): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v9i4.775.

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The paper presents new approach to compensation the inaccuracy of shape mapping of the flaccid membrane used in the extracorporeal pneumatic heart assist pump. The original shape of the membrane was determined using specially developed DFD type method. The major problems affecting the inaccuracy of mapping the membrane result from the phenomenon of optical distortion. The invented approach to compensate for optical distortion in the process of visual measurement as well as the results obtained were presented. Full Text: PDF ReferencesK. Murawski, Method of measuring the distance using one camera, Patent Application No P.408076 (2014) - in Polish. DirectLink K. Murawski, M. Murawska, T. Pustelny, The system and method of determining the shape of the membrane pneumatic pump of extracorporeal heart assist device, Patent Application No P.414104 (2015) - in Polish. DirectLink M. Gawlikowski, T. Pustelny, R. Kustosz, "The physical parameters estimation of physiologically worked heart prosthesis", Journal de Physique IV France 137, 73 (2006). CrossRef K. Murawski, "Measurement of Membrane Displacement Using a Motionless Camera", Acta Phys. Pol. A 128(1), 10 (2015). CrossRef K. Murawski, "Measurement of Membrane Displacement with a Motionless Camera Equipped with a Fixed Focus Lens", Metrology and Measurement Systems 22(1), 69 (2015). CrossRef K. Murawski, A. Arciuch, T. Pustelny, "Study of distance range visual measurement in the new Depth From Defocus method", Phot. Lett. Poland 8, 2 (2016). CrossRef L. Grad, K. Murawski, W. Sulej, "Research to improve the accuracy of determining the stroke volume of an artificial ventricle using the wavelet transform", Proc. SPIE 10455, 1045509 (2017). CrossRef W. Sulej, K. Murawski, "The membrane shape mapping of the artificial ventricle in the actual dimensions", Proc. FedCSIS ACSIS 11, 675 (2017). CrossRef W. Sulej, L. Grad, K. Murawski, "The technique of accuracy measurement of membrane shape mapping of an artificial ventricle", Proc. SPIE 10455, 104550B (2017). CrossRef
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Teampău, Petruţa, Kristof Van Assche, and Marina Kovačić. "Sulina, Sulina / When There’s Water, There’s No Light. Narrative, Memory and Autobiography in a Romanian Town." Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture 7, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2008): 33–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.51151/identities.v7i1-2.227.

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Author(s): Petruţa Teampău and Kristof van Assche | Петрута Теампау и Кристов ван Аше Title (English): Sulina, Sulina / When There’s Water, There’s No Light. Narrative, Memory and Autobiography in a Romanian Town Title (Macedonian): Сулина, Сулина / Кога има вода, нема светлина. Нарација, сеќавања и автобиографија во романско гратче Translated by (English to Macedonian): Marina Kovačić | Марина Ковачиќ Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 7, No. 1-2 (Summer 2008 - Winter 2009) Publisher: Research Center in Gender Studies - Skopje and Euro-Balkan Institute Page Range: 33-70 Page Count: 37 Citation (English): Petruţa Teampău and Kristof van Assche, “Sulina, Sulina / When There’s Water, There’s No Light. Narrative, Memory and Autobiography in a Romanian Town,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 7, No. 1-2 (Summer 2008 - Winter 2009): 33-70. Citation (Macedonian): Петрута Теампау и Кристов ван Аше, „Сулина, Сулина / Кога има вода, нема светлина. Нарација, сеќавања и автобиографија во романско гратче“, превод од англиски Марина Ковачиќ, Идентитети: списание за политика, род и култура, т. 7, бр. 1-2 (лето 2008 - зима 2009): 33-70.
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Yılmaz, Davut, and İbrahim Kocabas. "Küçük Menderes Havzası Su Kaynakları Üzerinde Barajların Etkisi." Academic Perspective Procedia 4, no. 2 (November 6, 2021): 59–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.04.02.33.

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Küçük Menderes havzasındaki verimli topraklar ve uygun iklim şartları, yılda birden fazla ürün ekimini mümkün kılmaktadır. Bu durum sulama suyuna olan ihtiyacı ve talebi artırmaktadır. Diğer yandan iklim değişikliği nedeniyle artan sıcaklıklar ve azalan yağışlar, havzadaki akışların 1983 öncesine göre %30 azalmasına yol açmıştır. Havzada Beydağ Barajı’nın tamamlandığı 2007 yılına kadar, sulama suyu ihtiyacının neredeyse tamamı yer altı suyu (YAS) kuyularından pompajla karşılanmaktaydı. Havzada inşa edilen barajların havzaya olan etkilerini incelemek amacıyla havzanın bütününe yayılmış olan 7 baraja ait güncel hidrolojik veriler kullanılarak havzanın tamamındaki akışa geçen su hesaplanmıştır. Bu akım ile havzanın çıkışındaki akım gözlem istasyonu verileri kullanılarak yer altı suyunun beslenim miktarı ve akış-süzülme katsayısı hesap edilmiştir. Başta Beydağ barajı olmak üzere inşa edilen 7 barajın havzaya ilave su katkısı ve barajların yer altı suyu beslenimine etkisi belirlenmiştir. Barajların inşasıyla birlikte Ege Denizi’ne boşalan 44 hm3 suyun havzada kalmasını sağlanmış olsa da YAS besleniminin yaklaşık 80 hm3 azaldığı, Ödemiş-Tire alt havzasında barajlardan sulama yapan çiftçilerin hektar başına su haklarının barajlardan önceki duruma göre 3 kat arttığı, ancak aynı havzada YAS’na bağlı olarak sulama yapan çiftçilerin ise emniyetli rezervden alacağı suyun ise %39 oranında azaldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
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M. Fatih, SELENAY. "GAP — Fırat Sulama Birliğinde Yeterli ve Kısıtlı Sulama Suyu Koşullarında Sulama Programlaması ve Optimum Bitki Deseni." Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 7, no. 3 (2001): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1501/tarimbil_0000000669.

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Bell-Roberts, Louis, Angela E. Douglas, and Gijsbert D. A. Werner. "Match and mismatch between dietary switches and microbial partners in plant sap-feeding insects." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1902 (May 15, 2019): 20190065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.0065.

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Some animal groups associate with the same vertically transmitted microbial symbionts over extended periods of evolutionary time, punctuated by occasional symbiont switches to different microbial taxa. Here we test the oft-repeated suggestion that symbiont switches are linked with host diet changes, focusing on hemipteran insects of the suborder Auchenorrhyncha. These insects include the only animals that feed on plant xylem sap through the life cycle, as well as taxa that feed on phloem sap and plant parenchyma cells. Ancestral state reconstruction provides strong statistical support for a xylem feeding auchenorrhynchan ancestor bearing the dual symbiosis with the primary symbiont Sulcia (Bacteroidetes) and companion symbiont ‘β-Sym’ (β-proteobacteria). We identified seven dietary transitions from xylem feeding (six to phloem feeding, one to parenchyma feeding), but no reversions to xylem feeding; five evolutionary losses of Sulcia , including replacements by yeast symbionts, exclusively in phloem/parenchyma-feeding lineages; and 14–15 losses of β-Sym, including nine transitions to a different bacterial companion symbiont. Our analysis indicates that, although companion symbiont switching is not associated with shifts in host diet, Sulcia is probably required for xylem-feeding. Furthermore, the ancestral auchenorrhynchan bearing Sulcia and β-Sym probably represents the sole evolutionary origin of xylem feeding in the animal kingdom.
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Syarif, Ananta Yudono, Afifah Harisah, and Moh Mochsen Sir. "Sulapa Eppa As The Basic or Fundamental Philosophy of Traditional Architecture Buginese." SHS Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184104005.

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In general, traditional buildings in South Sulawesi Province are built based on the hopes for better future. Therefore, the house is considered as the manifestation of the natural universe (macrocosms). House and settlements are ones of the highest cultural heritage works, in Buginese communities. The value of sacredness and robustness raises the meaning of sulapa eppa philosophy, which is considered as the philosophy to realize Buginese traditional house. The purpose of this study is to discover the philosophy of sulapa eppa that underlines the formation of Buginese traditional architecture. The elements of the house present a philosophical meaning. Panrita bola serves as the informants of sulapa eppa philosophy. This research is qualitative, descriptive and explorative methods as well as naturalistic paradigm approach. The population is traditional Buginese buildings, and the samples arepost habitation, or temporarily built Buginese traditional buildings. The sampling techniques are sampling proposed and sampling incidentally. Research location is in Soppeng regency, South Sulawesi Province. The results of this study are sulapa eppa as the basic of Buginese formation traditional architecture, either physical or nonphysical. Physically, the formations of architecture are in the form, size of proportion, and building elements. And non-physically, it also can be obtained from Panrita bola, and Lontara Bugis manuscripts.
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Lemmens, Liesbeth, Kun Wang, Ebert Ruykens, Van Tinh Nguyen, Ann-Christin Lindås, Ronnie Willaert, Mohea Couturier, and Eveline Peeters. "DNA-Binding Properties of a Novel Crenarchaeal Chromatin-Organizing Protein in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius." Biomolecules 12, no. 4 (March 30, 2022): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12040524.

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In archaeal microorganisms, the compaction and organization of the chromosome into a dynamic but condensed structure is mediated by diverse chromatin-organizing proteins in a lineage-specific manner. While many archaea employ eukaryotic-type histones for nucleoid organization, this is not the case for the crenarchaeal model species Sulfolobus acidocaldarius and related species in Sulfolobales, in which the organization appears to be mostly reliant on the action of small basic DNA-binding proteins. There is still a lack of a full understanding of the involved proteins and their functioning. Here, a combination of in vitro and in vivo methodologies is used to study the DNA-binding properties of Sul12a, an uncharacterized small basic protein conserved in several Sulfolobales species displaying a winged helix–turn–helix structural motif and annotated as a transcription factor. Genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation and target-specific electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrate that Sul12a of S. acidocaldarius interacts with DNA in a non-sequence specific manner, while atomic force microscopy imaging of Sul12a–DNA complexes indicate that the protein induces structural effects on the DNA template. Based on these results, and a contrario to its initial annotation, it can be concluded that Sul12a is a novel chromatin-organizing protein.
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Qureshi., S. Q. Z. "Umer Suleman-Qureshi." BMJ 347, aug07 1 (August 7, 2013): f4470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f4470.

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Eliçabuk, Cengiz, and Ramazan Topak. "Gevrekli Sulama Birliğinde Sulama Suyu İhtiyacı ve Karşılanma Oranının Değerlendirilmesi." Selcuk Journal of Agricultural and Food Sciences 31, no. 3 (December 29, 2017): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15316/sjafs.2017.30.

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Yürekli, Halit, and Ramazan Topak. "Ereğli İvriz Sağ Sahil Sulama Birliği nde Sulama Performansının Değerlendirilmesi." Selcuk Journal of Agricultural and Food Sciences 32, no. 3 (December 20, 2018): 221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15316/sjafs.2018.88.

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46

ŞAHİN, Mustafa. "Orta Çağ'da Herât Bölgesinde Tarım, Tarımsal Sulama ve Sulama Hukuku." Journal of Turkish Research Institute, no. 50 (January 1, 2013): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.14222/turkiyat24.

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47

F.A, A. Nurannisa, Andi Muhammad Irfan Taufan Asfar, Andi Muhamad Iqbal Akbar Asfar, and Adji Syaifullah. "Improving students’ mathematical logical intelligence through the online-based integration of local wisdom of Sulapa Eppa Walasuji." Al-Jabar : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika 12, no. 2 (December 20, 2021): 283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/ajpm.v12i2.9575.

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Mathematical logical intelligence is one of the skills that are needed in the 21st century related to mathematical problem-solving skills. The importance of this skill is not in line with the facts on the ground, where students are still weak in counting and using logic in problem solving. The purpose of this research is to improve students’ mathematical logical intelligence through the online-based integration of local wisdom of Sulapa Eppa Walasuji. Sulapa Eppa Walasuji is one of the Bugis-Makassar local wisdoms with a unique pattern, appropriate to be used as a medium for learning transformation of geometry. Through the integration of local wisdom, Sulapa Eppa Walasuji can create contextual mathematics learning, so that students can easily understand the material by connecting real-life concepts. This research includes experimental research with a quasi-experimental design of the nonequivalent control group design type. The research instrument used was a mathematical logical intelligence test consisting of five essay questions. The data analysis used is descriptive statistics with gain score and effect size testing. The results showed that the mathematical logical intelligence of experimental class students increased by 43.16 with the effective contribution of the r effect size being 0.910. This indicates that the online-based integration of Sulapa Eppa Walasuji can improve students’ mathematical logical intelligence.
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DURAKTEKİN, Gülşen. "Farklı Sulama Seviyelerinin Yüzeyaltı Damla Sulama İle Sulanan Yalova İncisi Sof." Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University 34, no. 2017-Ek Sayı (January 1, 2017): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.13002/jafag4407.

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Kubiaczyk, Filip. "CZAS SULEJMANA. ANDRÉ CLOT, SULEJMAN WSPANIAŁY I JEGO WSPANIAŁE STULECIE, TŁUM. GRAŻYNA MAJCHER, WYDAWNICTWO AKADEMICKIE DIALOG, KSRAKÓW 2017, SS. 412." Studia Europaea Gnesnensia, no. 15 (June 15, 2017): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/seg.2017.15.16.

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Șerban, Petru Sergiu. "Case Study of Ship Squat in Sulina Channel Using NTPRO 5000 Navigational Simulator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 809-810 (November 2015): 1193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.809-810.1193.

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paper presents a case study of ships passing through shallow and narrow waters in Sulina Channel. The method used in this research was simulation using NTPRO 5000 navigational simulator and it was studied the variation of ship squat, draft and under keel clearance for several military ships similar to Romanian Navy vessels, sailing with different speeds. The purpose of this research was to find out which ship types could navigate through Sulina Channel and what is the maximum speed they could pass without grounding due to ship squat. The integration of the trials results showed what the safe speed for each vessel was and it was concluded that the maximum speeds were 8, 12, and 16 knots. Also, a difference between desired and real speed was observed, caused by the restrictive navigation condition. Numerous researches are being done in ship squat domain and Sulina Channel is one of the canals where this phenomenon is studied, but squat simulation on military ships has never been done before in this canal.
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