Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sulfite pulping

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Academic literature on the topic 'Sulfite pulping'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sulfite pulping"

1

Fearon, Olesya, Susanna Kuitunen, and Tapani Vuorinen. "Reaction kinetics of strong nucleophiles with a dimeric non-phenolic lignin model compound with α-carbonyl functionality (adleron) in aqueous alkali solution." Holzforschung 70, no. 9 (September 1, 2016): 811–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2015-0236.

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Abstract The degradation kinetics of a non-phenolic lignin model compound with α-carbonyl functionality (adlerone) has been studied by varying temperature and concentrations of sodium hydroxide, sodium hydrogen sulfide, and sodium sulfite. The kinetics of adlerone degradation and formation of its reaction products were monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy and their structures were analyzed by GC/MS. The two step degradation of adlerone was studied in two separate experimental setups. In the first alkali catalyzed step, adlerone is converted to a β-elimination product that reacts further in the second step with hydrogen sulfide or sulfite ion. The Arrhenius kinetic parameters were derived by the KinFit software. The activation energy for the 1st step was 69.1 kJ mol-1, and for the 2nd step with sulfide 42.4 kJ mol-1 and with sulfite ion 35.8 kJ mol-1. The reaction mechanisms presented are in line with those published earlier: β-ether bonds of structures having α-carbonyl functionality do not cleave under soda pulping conditions, whereas in kraft and sulfite pulping the cleavage of β-ether bonds proceeds via nucleophile attack and addition. The combination of hydroxyl and sulfite ions gives the fastest cleavage of β-ether bonds in non-phenolic lignin structures with the α-carbonyl functionality.
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ZHU, J. Y., M. SUBHOSH CHANDRA, ROLAND GLEISNER, WILLIAM GILLES, JOHNWAY GAO, GEVAN MARRS, DWIGHT ANDERSON, and JOHN SESSIONS. "Case studies on sugar production from underutilized woody biomass using sulfite chemistry." TAPPI Journal 14, no. 9 (October 1, 2015): 577–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj14.9.577.

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We examined two case studies to demonstrate the advantages of sulfite chemistry for pretreating underutilized woody biomass to produce sugars through enzymatic saccharification. In the first case study, we evaluated knot rejects from a magnesium-based sulfite mill for direct enzymatic sugar production. We found that the sulfite mill rejects are an excellent feedstock for sugar production. In the second study, we presented SPORL (sulfite pretreatment to overcome the recalcitrance of lignocelluloses), a sulfite pretreatment process based on modified sulfite pulping for robust bioconversion of softwood forest residues. Sulfite pulping technology is well developed, with proven commercial scalability, and sulfite pretreatment is a strong contender for commercial adoption.
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FISKARI, JUHA, OLGA DERKACHEVA, and TUOMAS KULOMAA. "QUICK NON-DESTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS OF CONDENSED LIGNIN BY FTIR. PART 2. PULP SAMPLES FROM ACID SULFITE COOKING." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 55, no. 3-4 (April 20, 2021): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2021.55.26.

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"In our previous work, we demonstrated how lignin condensation and precipitation taking place in kraft pulping can be detected and even quantified by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Because lignin reactions in acid sulfite pulping are very different from those occurring during kraft cooking, a new analysis method is proposed to rapidly analyze the condensed lignin in acid sulfite pulp. This kind of analysis is useful for sulfite pulp mills to detect the elevated risk of black cook. This paper presents and discusses the novel method using FTIR spectroscopy to rapidly analyze lignin condensation in softwood pulp samples from acid sulfite processes. Several softwood pulp samples from acid sulfite pulping at varying levels of condensation were included in this research. According to the results, FTIR spectroscopy allows indirect quantification of lignin condensation in a difficult matrix of wood constituents, such as in incompletely delignified acid sulfite pulp."
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Latibari, Ahmad Jahan, Mohammad Ali Hossein, and Reza Hosseinpour. "Application of alkaline sulfite pulping on corn stalks." BioResources 6, no. 1 (November 3, 2010): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.1.48-58.

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Alkaline sulfite pulping of corn stalks was investigated to produce supplementary pulp for corrugating board manufacture. Three pulping temperatures (125, 145, and 165°C) and five active alkali charges (10, 12, 14, 16, and 18%) were used. Cooking time at 30 minutes, Na2SO3/ NaOH ratio at 50:50, and liquor to residue ratio of 8:1 were kept constant. The highest total yield (61.9%) was reached applying the treatment combination of 125°C and 10% active alkali, and the lowest total yield (42.5%) was related to 165°C and 16% chemical. The influence of sodium sulfite/sodium hydroxide ratios was studied applying different ratios (30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30) at constant time and temperature of 30 minutes and 145°C respectively and 14 and 16% active alkali. Pulping condition; 16% active alkali, 30 minutes time, 145°C pulping temperature and varying ratios of sodium sulfite/sodium hydroxide were selected for pulp strength evaluation. The results of handsheet evaluation indicated that 16% active alkali, 30 minutes pulping at 145ºC and sodium sulfite/sodium hydroxide ratio of 50:50 is the optimum pulping condition for corn stalks. Tear, tensile, and burst indices and breaking length of this pulp were measured as 10.53 mN.m2g-1, 62.4 N.mg-1, 3.80 kPa.m2g-1, and 6.07 km, respectively.
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Akhtaruzzaman, A. F. M., Samar Kanti Bose, Paritosh Das, and Sujith Kumar Chowdhury. "Neutral sulfite anthraquinone pulping of bagasse." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 6, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-1991-06-01-p008-011.

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Wang, D. L. K., and R. Patt. "Alkaline Sulfite-Anthraquinone Pulping of Bagasse." Holzforschung 43, no. 4 (January 1989): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hfsg.1989.43.4.261.

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Högman, Stefan, and Nils Hartler. "Refiner addition of sulfite in mechanical pulping." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-1988-03-01-p038-043.

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Keskin, A., and G. J. Kubes. "Kinetics of Neutral Sulfite Semichemical and Neutral Sulfite Semichemical-Anthraquinone Pulping." Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology 14, no. 1 (February 1, 1994): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02773819408003088.

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Wang, Zhe, Jing Wen Xue, Ji Shi Zhang, and Wen Xia Liu. "Ultrafiltration Treatment and Physical Properties of Ammonia Sulfite Pulping Liquor of Wheat Straw." Advanced Materials Research 560-561 (August 2012): 909–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.560-561.909.

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Ammonia sulfite pulping liquor of wheat straw was treated by ultrafiltration. Experimental results indicated that the membrane with a cut-off of 10kDa was suitable for concentrating wheat straw liquor and had good anti-fouling property against pulping liquor. Permeability of ash turn higher with the increasing of volume reduction at the operating condition of 200 kPa and 25°C, and retentate was concentrated when volume reduced. Influences of ultrafiltration on physical properties of ammonia sulfite pulping liquor and its retentate after ultrafiltration were studied. Results showed that retentate had better performances as surfactant, concrete additive and dispersant. Surface tension of 1% lignin solution of retentate was 54.7 mN/m, which was lower than that of the untreated original lignosulfonate by 2.2 mN/m. Dispersing effect of retentate on cement was also investigated, it was found that flowability of neat cement paste improved from 70mm to 102mm.
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Do, Vu Thang, Keishi Tanifuji, Guangfan Jin, and Hiroshi Ohi. "Neutral Sulfite Semi–Chemical Pulping of Moso–Bamboo." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 74, no. 4 (2020): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.74.379.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sulfite pulping"

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Keskin-Schneider, Aliye. "Engineering reaction kinetics in sulfite and sulfite-anthraquinone pulping." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=70207.

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In this study, engineering reaction kinetics of sulfite and sulfite-anthraquinone pulping of black spruce wood are investigated. The considered sulfite processes are neutral-sulfite (NS), neutral sulfite-anthraquinone (NS-AQ), neutral sulfite semichemical (NSSC) and neutral sulfite semichemical anthraquinone (NSSC-AQ).
In preliminary studies, an experimental design was tested and optimum kinetic conditions were found so that penetration and diffusion would not be the rate-controlling steps and the amount of anthraquinone would not be reaction limiting.
Delignification and carbohydrate degradation rate expressions for both NS and NS-AQ pulping were developed. Research was extended to develop delignification rate expressions for NSSC and NSSC-AQ pulping. The degree of delignification was measured by determining the lignin content of the pulp. Carbohydrate content in the pulp was estimated from the difference between the pulp yield and the residual lignin in the pulp. Reaction temperature and pulping chemical concentrations were held essentially constant in all kinetic experiments. Isothermal experiments were conducted in the temperature range between 165 and 180$ sp circ$C. A concentration of 150g/l sodium sulfite with a liquor-to-wood ratio of 62 was used.
The effect of sulfite concentration on the delignification rate expressions for NS and NS-AQ pulping was also investigated. The rates of delignification were determined at 175$ sp circ$C over the concentration range of 54 to 154 grams sodium sulfite per liter. It was observed that the reaction rate orders with respect to sodium sulfite charge were 0.3 and 0 for the delignification rate of NS and NS-AQ pulping respectively.
The applicability of the H-factor for predicting pulping characteristics during NS-AQ and NSSC-AQ pulping was confirmed.
The role of anthraquinone as a redox catalyst in NS-AQ was investigated. It was observed that anthraquinone is reduced in NS liquor, and that the redox cycle is involved in NS-AQ pulping.
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Wei, Hongmei. "The role of surfactants in sulfite pulping /." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84853.

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The role of surfactants in the neutral sulfite pulping process was studied. The mass transfer of the pulping liquor into the wood as well as the interfacial properties between the liquor and wood, and the changes in the properties due to the surfactants present in the liquor were investigated.
A mixture of anionic and nonionic surfactants, effective in neutral sulfite pulping, was selected during the pulping experiments. Due to the surfactants present in the pulping liquor, the reaction rate of carbohydrate degradation was found to be considerably lower when compared with those of control without surfactants.
The surfactant mixture was observed to accelerate the deresination process during the pulping heat-up period. However, the dissolved extractives diffused out of the wood chips at slower rate when the surfactants were present. This was a result of more micelles being formed by surfactants and dissolved extractives which also are surfactants.
The sodium sulfite concentration profiles in wood after cooking indicated that the surfactant mixture could increase the diffusion process by improving the swelling of the lignin fraction. It was concluded that surfactants could modify the mass transfer mechanism. However, the experiments also indicated that the diffusion of surfactants was rather slow. Compared to the cooks with the surfactants, the reaction rates of the control cooks were found to be higher. As more of the wood components got dissolved, the more porous wood structure was developed during pulping, which explains, why after certain period of time, the sodium sulfite content of the control cook was higher.
In order to obtain quantitative information on the diffusion process, the chemical profiles in wood were simulated using the diffusion model with simultaneous reactions. The simulated chemical distribution curve was adjusted to fit the measured ones by changing the effective diffusivity.
Measurements of a dynamic contact angle, as well as a diameter and volume of a droplet of pulping liquor were carried out to obtain an in-depth understanding of the surfactants behavior in pulping process. The results show that the surfactants did not improve the spreading wetting but improved the absorption. This phenomenon could not be simply explained as a function of capillary pressure, in fact, the liquor containing surfactants must have been able to disperse the air inside the wood structure and therefore to reduce the resistance of air to penetration and diffusion.
Finally, it was found that surfactants improved the pulp yield as a result of a slower reaction rate and faster diffusion rate, as less lignin condensation and carbohydrate degradation was observed.
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Morin, Francois. "Mass transfer limitations in sulfite pulping with anthraquinone." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28495.

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The objective of this project was to study systematically the NSSC-AQ pulping process in order to improve the penetration of anthraquinone and sodium sulfite in wood and to simulate the mass transfer and delignification processes.
In a heterogeneous reaction system, such as wood pulping, two main factors control the overall reaction rate: liquor penetration and chemical diffusion. As a first step, some wood characteristics affecting liquor impregnation were evaluated: 1) fiber hydraulic radius, 2) air, steam and water content, 3) wood elasticity and compressibility. Secondly, impregnation and pulping experiments were performed while varying the pre-steaming, compression and soaking time. Finally, experimental profiles were compared to computer simulated results. The two most commonly used species by the pulp industry were chosen for this study: 1) black spruce sapwood and heartwood as well as 2) trembloid poplar sapwood.
Impregnation of sulfite-AHQ liquor in wood blocks was simulated by a three-dimensional "Control Volume Finite Difference Method (CVFDM)". To de-couple the pressure and velocity fields, typical to convection-diffusion problems, a mass balance around individual control volume was performed using Poiseuille's capillary flow equation. The pulping kinetic differential equations were included into the CVFDM model to simulate a three-dimensional delignification pattern in the wood.
In general, the progression of the anthraquinone impregnation was slow and non-uniform in comparison to sulfite which penetrated rapidly and uniformly during pulping. Furthermore, delignification uniformity was related to the initial chemical profiles observed after impregnation. This confirms the importance of chemical pre-treatment for high yield pulping in order to minimize uneven delignification for chips thicker than 3mm. Results showed that, in most cases, computer simulated profiles were similar to experimental anthraquinone and sulfite impregnation patterns.
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Agarwal, Niraj. "Modeling of continuous pulping /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5564.

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Deshpande, Raghu. "The initial phase of sodium sulfite pulping of softwood : A comparison of different pulping options." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörs- och kemivetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-46929.

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Single stage and two-stage sodium sulfite cooking were carried out on either spruce, pine or pure pine heartwood chips to investigate the influence of several process parameters on the initial phase of such a cook down to about 60 % pulp yield. The cooking experiments were carried out in the laboratory with either a lab-prepared or a mill-prepared cooking acid and the temperature and time were varied. The influences of dissolved organic and inorganic components in the cooking liquor on the final pulp composition and on the extent of side reactions were investigated. Kinetic equations were developed and the activation energies for delignification and carbohydrate dissolution were calculated using the Arrhenius equation. A better understanding of the delignification mechanisms during bisulfite and acid sulfite cooking was obtained by analyzing the lignin carbohydrate complexes (LCC) present in the pulp when different cooking conditions were used. It was found that using a mill-prepared cooking acid beneficial effect with respect to side reactions, extractives removal and higher stability in pH during the cook were observed compared to a lab-prepared cooking acid. However, no significant difference in degrees of delignification or carbohydrate degradation was seen.  The cellulose yield was not affected in the initial phase of the cook however; temperature had an influence on the rates of both delignification and hemicellulose removal. It was also found that the  corresponding activation energies increased in the order:  xylan, glucomannan, lignin and cellulose. The cooking temperature could thus be used to control the cook to a given carbohydrate composition in the final pulp. Lignin condensation reactions were observed during acid sulfite cooking, especially at higher temperatures. The LCC studies indicated the existence of covalent bonds between lignin and hemicellulose components with respect to xylan and glucomannan. LCC in native wood showed the presence of phenyl glycosides, ϒ-esters and α-ethers; whereas the α-ethers  were affected during sulfite pulping. The existence of covalent bonds between lignin and wood polysaccharides might be the rate-limiting factor in sulfite pulping.
The sulfite pulping process is today practised in only a small number of pulp mills around the globe and the number of sulfite mills that use sodium as the base (cation) is less than five. However, due to the increasing interest in the wood based biorefinery concept, the benefits of sulfite pulping and especially the sodium based variety, has recently gained a lot of interest. It was therefore considered to be of high importance to further study the sodium based sulfite process to investigate if its benefits could be better utilized in the future in the production of dissolving pulps. Of specific interest was to investigate how the pulping conditions in the initial part of the cook (≥ 60 % pulp yield) should be performed in the best way. Thus, this thesis is focused on the initial phase of sodium based single stage bisulfite, acid sulfite and two-stage sulfite cooking of either 100 % spruce, 100 % pine or 100 % pine heartwood chips. The cooking experiments were carried out with either a lab prepared or a mill prepared cooking acid and the temperature and cooking time were varied. Activation energies for different wood components were investigated as well as side reactions concerning the formation of thiosulfate. LCC (Lignin carbohydrates complexes) studies were carried out to investigate the influence of different cooking conditions on lignin carbohydrate linkages.
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Biasca, Karyn L. "A study of the kinetics of delignification during the early stage of alkaline sulfite anthraquinone pulping." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989:, 1989. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/ipstetd-10/biasca%5Fkl.pdf.

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Kilian, André. "Control of an acid sulphite batch pulp digester based on a fundamental process model." Pretoria : [s.n.], 1999. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-12202006-100726/.

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Sandrock, Carl. "Implementation and performance analysis of a model-based controller on a batch pulp digester." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10152004-113239/.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)(Chemical)--University of Pretoria, 2003.
Summaries in Afrikaans and English. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-86) and index. Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.
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Patoine, Alain. "Détoxification d'un effluent de pâte chimico-thermomécanique par voie anaérobie /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1992. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Mémoire (M.Ress.Renouv.)-- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1992.
Résumé disponible sur Internet. CaQCU Bibliogr.: f. [67]-71. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU
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Heazel, Thomas Edward. "Cell wall sulfur distribution in sulfonated southern pine latewood." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5786.

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Books on the topic "Sulfite pulping"

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International Symposium on Wood and Pulping Chemistry. 1985 International Symposium on Wood and Pulping Chemistry: Technical papers. [Vancouver: s.n., 1985.

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International Symposium on Wood and Pulping Chemistry (9th 1997 Montreal, Quebec). ISWPC: 9th International Symposium on Wood and Pulping Chemistry, June 9-12, 1997 : oral presentations. Montreal: Technical Section, CPPA, 1997.

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International Symposium on Wood and Pulping Chemistry (9th 1997 Montreal, Quebec). ISWPC: 9th International Symposium on Wood and Pulping Chemistry, June 9-12, 1997 : poster presentations. Montreal: Technical Section, CPPA, 1997.

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International Sulfite Pulping Conference (1989 Seattle, Wash.). 1989 International Sulfite Pulping Conference: Westin Seattle, Seattle, WA, Oct. 25-27. Atlanta, GA: TAPPI Press, 1989.

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Branch, Ontario Water Resources. The preliminary report on the second six months of process effluent monitoring in the MISA Pulp and Paper Sector (July 1, 1990 to December 31, 1990): Report. [Toronto]: Environment Ontario, 1991.

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Company, Sandwell and. Dead load reduction in the Kraft pulping process. Ottawa, Ont., Canada: Environment Canada, 1986.

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Lindgren, Torbjörn. Modelling of cellulose and pulp processes using spectroscopy. Umeå, Sweden: Umeå Universitet, 1995.

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Fricke, Arthur L. Physical properties of kraft black liquor: Interim report, phase II. Washington, D.C: [U.S. Dept. of Energy, Office of Scientific and Technical Information], 1985.

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Bezúch, Bohuslav. Structure of hardwood lignin and its behaviour in kraft pulping. Bratislava: Paper and Pulp Research Institute, 1987.

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Kraft Pulping Short Course (2001 Louisville, Kentucky). 2001 Kraft Pulping Short Course: Seelbach Hilton Hotel, Louisville, KY, May 7-10, 2001. Atlanta, Georgia: TAPPI Press, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sulfite pulping"

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Paridah, M. T., Amin Moradbak, A. Z. Mohamed, Folahan Abdulwahab Taiwo Owolabi, Mustapha Asniza, and H. P. Shawkataly Abdul Khalil. "Alkaline Sulfite Anthraquinone and Methanol (ASAM) Pulping Process of Tropical Bamboo (Gigantochloa scortechinii)." In Bamboo - Current and Future Prospects. InTech, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.76806.

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"Failure of a Type 317L Stainless Steel Clad Bottom Cone of an Acid Sulfite Pulping Batch Digester." In Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis, 198–200. ASM International, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001069.

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Reports on the topic "Sulfite pulping"

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Integration of the Mini-Sulfide Sulfite Anthraquinone (MSS-AQ) Pulping Process and Black Liquor Gasification in a Pulp Mill. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/970980.

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