To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Sulfonated styrene.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sulfonated styrene'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 25 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Sulfonated styrene.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Yeniay, Secil. "Sulfonated Styrene-co-maleic Acid And Its Derivatives As Superplasticizers In Concrete." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12609455/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
In the past three decades, a new group of concrete admixtures, termed &ldquosuperplasticizers&rdquo
, were introduced to the concrete industry. They have gained wide acceptance because of their many advantages. The addition of superplasticizers to concrete improves the workability and strength of concrete. In this study, the effect of the chemical structure of poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) sodium salt (SSAMA), which contains both sulfonic and carboxylic acid groups, which is a new superplasticizer, was analyzed. Two different molecular weights of PEG (polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether) were grafted to this water-soluble copolymer at different weight compositions. The structures of synthesized copolymers were verified by FTIR and NMR analyses. The molecular weight difference of the grafted copolymers with different side chain lengths was determined by dilute solution viscosimetry. The effects of chemical structure of grafted copolymers on the fluidity of cement paste and the mechanical properties of the mortars were investigated. The zeta potential measurements revealed the interactions between the cement particles and polycarboxylate type superplasticizers. The maximum fluidity was achieved for the PEG grafted copolymer with the weight ratio 3:3. The mechanical properties of this copolymer showed the highest flexural and compressive strength compared to other copolymers. The addition of various Li salts to SSAMA affected the ionic medium, therefore, the dispersion performance of cement paste and the mechanical properties of the mortars improved. The mixture of LiCl: SSAMA in 1:1 mol ratio exhibited the maximum fluidity compared to other Li salts and their compositions. This mixture gave the highest flexural strength but the mixture of Li2CO3 in 1:1 composition gave the highest compressive strength in each salt mixtures.
2
Blosch, Sarah Elizabeth. "Structure-Property Relationships of Isoprene-Sodium Styrene Sulfonate Elastomeric Ionomers." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86362.
Full textAbstract:
Polymers containing less than 10 mol % of ions (ionomers) have been studied in depth for their potential in producing polymers with tailored properties for specific applications. A small molar percentage of ions can be incorporated into a polymer to drastically enhance the properties of the polymer. An ionomer that has been studied is that of isoprene copolymerized with sodium styrene sulfonate (poly(I-co-NaSS)). Research has been performed relating to the synthesis and chemical characterization of the copolymers. However, an in depth study of the way the physical properties are affected by a change in ion concentration has not been presented. Thus, it is the goal of this thesis to synthesize a series of poly(I-co-NaSS) copolymers with varying levels of sulfonated styrene and characterize their physical properties.
The poly(I-co-NaSS) polymers, containing a range of 1.15 to 4.74 mol % NaSS, were polymerized using free radical emulsion polymerization. The copolymer compositions were confirmed using combustion sulfur analysis. Dynamic light scattering indicated that large aggregates were present in solution. These aggregates were large enough that capillary intrinsic viscosities could not be measured. Small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and thermal analysis showed little change as the ion concentration was increased, while tensile, stress relaxation and adhesion properties were improved. The absence of changes in the SAXS patterns indicated that there was an absence of a well-defined ionic aggregate, while the mechanical properties showed evidence of electrostatic interactions. This can be at least partially attributed to ionic interactions on a smaller scale (doublets, triplets).Master of Science
3
Pitia, Emmanuel Sokiri. "Composite Proton Exchange Membrane Based on Sulfonated Organic Nanoparticles." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1339277956.
Full text
4
Ngqongwa, Lundi Vincent. "Electrochemical characterization of nanostructured SnO2 and TiO2 for potential application as dielectric materials in sulfonated-polyaniline based supercapacitors." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2575.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Scientiae - MScIn this research project, nanostructured composites based on Tin dioxide (SnO2) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) with poly-4-styrene sulfonic acid (PSSA) doped polyaniline (PANI) conducting polymer has been investigated based on their structural, electrical and electrochemical properties. The synthesis of conducting polymers and their metal oxide or composites have been carried out chemically or electrochemically according to methods modified from the literature. Layer-by-layer construction of nano-Metal Oxide/PSSA doped polyaniline composites were successfully constructed by electroanalytical methods on the surface of a glassy carbon working electrode (GCE).
South Africa
5
Peyton, Daniel Junior. "Nitrogen-compound removal by ion exchange a model system study of the effect of nitrogen-compound type on the removal performance of two sulfonated styrene/divinylbenzene ion-exchange resins." Ohio : Ohio University, 1990. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1183467365.
Full text
6
Barbosa, Danns Pereira. "Redução de espécies nitrato em água sobre catalisadores bimetálicos de paládio." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2011. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/10076.
Full textAbstract:
150f.Submitted by Ana Hilda Fonseca (anahilda@ufba.br) on 2013-04-01T15:55:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final Danns Barbosa 08,02,11.pdf: 6113429 bytes, checksum: 69ec8ea24d6f9bf83f16a0221337ec76 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Ana Hilda Fonseca(anahilda@ufba.br) on 2013-04-24T17:03:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final Danns Barbosa 08,02,11.pdf: 6113429 bytes, checksum: 69ec8ea24d6f9bf83f16a0221337ec76 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2013-04-24T17:03:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final Danns Barbosa 08,02,11.pdf: 6113429 bytes, checksum: 69ec8ea24d6f9bf83f16a0221337ec76 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
CAPES
O amplo uso de fertilizantes nitrogenados, bem como os sistemas de saneamento rudimentares e as atividades pecuárias, têm aumentado a contaminação das águas subterrâneas e, portanto, da água potável. Devido aos graves riscos das espécies nitrato para a saúde humana, tem sido dispensada muita atenção para o desenvolvimento de tecnologias para removê-las da água. Dessa forma, neste trabalho foram preparados catalisadores bimetálicos de paládio e estanho ou índio suportados em estireno-divinilbenzeno (Sty-DVB) sulfonado, a fim de desenvolver catalisadores eficientes para a remoção das espécies nitrato da água. O suporte foi sintetizado por polimerização em suspensão, enquanto os catalisadores bimetálicos foram preparados por dois métodos: impregnações sucessivas e redução catalítica. Foram obtidos catalisadores com 5% m/m de paládio e vários teores (0,5, 2 e 4% m/m) de estanho ou índio, que foram caracterizados por espectroscopia no infravermelho com transformada de Fourier, adsorção de nitrogênio, análise química elementar, difração de raios X, termogravimetria e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os catalisadores foram avaliados na redução das espécies de nitrato na água, na presença e na ausência de dióxido de carbono. Verificou-se que o suporte não adsorve nitrato, nitrito e amônia e não apresenta atividade na redução das espécies nitrato. Os catalisadores com índio foram mais ativos na redução de espécies nitrato, e menos seletivos a nitrogênio, do que os catalisadores com estanho. Além disso, os catalisadores com estanho e preparados por redução catalítica foram mais ativos do que aqueles preparados por impregnações sucessivas. Um comportamento inverso foi observado com os catalisadores contendo índio. Com a maioria das amostras, o dióxido de carbono aumentou a atividade, reduziu a seletividade a nitrito e aumentou a produção das espécies amônio. Os melhores desempenhos catalíticos foram apresentados pelas amostras 5%Pd2%Sn/Sty-DVB, (atividade=15,2 cmol. min-1.g-1; seletividade a nitrogênio = 98%) e 5%Pd0,5%In/Sty-DVB (atividade= 18,8 cmol.min-1.g-1; seletividade a nitrogênio = 89%), preparadas por impregnações sucessivas e redução catalítica , respectivamente.
Salvador
7
Cong, Rongjuan Pelton Robert H. "PEO/poly(vinyl phenol-co-styrene sulfonate) aqueous complex formation /." *McMaster only, 2002.
Find full text
8
Levy, Florence. "Fonctionnalisation d'un latex de polystyrène par un monomère chloré : le bis 2 chloroéthyl-itaconate." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO10538.
Full textAbstract:
Fonctionnalisation superficielle du polystyrene par bis 2-chloro ethyl-itaconate. Determination des constantes cinetiques et physicochimiques. Etude de la copolymerisation avec le styrene et l'acrylate de butyle
9
Musa, Haruna. "Synthesis, characterisation and applications of end-functional poly(sodium-4-styrene sulfonate)." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508080.
Full text
10
El-Aufy, Afaf Khamis Ko Frank K. "Nanofibers and nanocomposites of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate) by electrospinning /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2004. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/282.
Full text
11
Morand, Karine. "Evaluation de l'activité anticancéreuse et antiangiogénique in vitro de copolymères solubles composés d'acide methacrylique et de styrène sulfonate de sodium." Paris 13, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA132040.
Full textAbstract:
Le Laboratoire de Biomatériaux et Polymères de Spécialité a développé des copolymères solubles composés d'acide métacrylique et de styrène sulfonate de sodium. Ces copolymères ont une activité antitumorale et antiangiogénique in vitro. Ils inhibent l'adhérence cellulaire à la matrice extracellulaire médiée par les intégrines. Les capacités inhibitrices des copolymères ont été montrées sur une lignée cancéreuse mammaire et sur des cellules endothéliales primaires. Le manque d'adhérence empêche le recrutement du cytosquelette d'actine et provoque l'inhibition de la prolifération cellulaire dès les premiers jours d'incubation. La migration et la différentiation des cellules endothéliales sont également ce qui entraîne une diminution de la densité de formations pseudovasculaires. L'efficacité des copolymères est fonction du type cellulaire considéré et de leur composition en MA et NaSS. Le copolymère composé de 30% de MA et à 70% de NaSS semble être le plus actif. Par ailleurs, les copolymères MA/NaSS induisent l'anoïkis de manière importante chez les cellules endothéliales sans montrer de cytotoxicité. Les copolymères MA/NaSS représentent surtout une stratégie intéressante dans la lutte contre l'angiogénèse pathologique. Ils continuent à faire l'objet d'étude pour élucider de façon complète leur mécanisme d'action et, à plus long terme, évaluer leur efficacité in vivo sur des modèles animauxThe Laboratoire de Biomatériaux et Polymères de Spécialité has developped soluble copolymers composed of methacrylic acid and sodium styrene sulfonate. These copolymers have antiangiogenic and antitumor activities in vitro. They inhibit cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix mediated by integrins. We have shown this activity on a breast cancer cell line and on primary cultured endothelial cells. The lack of adhesion prevents the recruitment of actin cytoskeleton and induces the inhibition of cell proliferation. Cell migration ans differentiation are also inhibited and the density of microtubules decreased. The efficacy of copolymers depends o their composition and on cell type. The copolymer composed of 30% methacrylic acid and of 70% sodium styrene sulfonate seems to be the most efficient. The copolymers induce anoïkis in endothelial cells without any toxicity. These new copolymers are an interesting strategy in antiangiogenic therapies. We continue to study them to better know their mechanism of action and to evaluate their in vivo efficiency
12
Leroux, Amélie. "Implant ligamentaire bioactif et biodégradable : élaboration, fonctionnalisation et étude des mécanismes." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCD054.
Full textAbstract:
La rupture du ligament croisé antérieur du genou est une affection fréquente qui survient majoritairement chez des sujets jeunes et sportifs. Une fois rompu, en raison de sa localisation intra articulaire et de la pauvreté de sa vascularisation, ce ligament ne cicatrise pas spontanément. Le traitement chirurgical de référence, l’autogreffe, présente de nombreux inconvénients et les travaux de recherche se tournent vers le développement d’implants ligamentaires synthétiques. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de la thèse était d’étudier la possibilité d’élaborer un nouveau ligament bioactif et biodégradable en polycaprolactone (PCL) greffé de poly(styrène sulfonate de sodium) (pNaSS). Les résultats présentés dans ce manuscrit décrivent toutes les étapes du choix initial de la PCL brute à sa caractérisation, sa fonctionnalisation, ses propriétés mécaniques après élaboration, au mécanisme de dégradation et à son impact biologique in vitro et in vivo. À l’interface des disciplines de l’ingénierie, de la chimie, de la mécanique et de la biologie, nous avons montré que : le greffage de pNaSS accélère la dégradation de la PCL tout en protégeant la surface durant les six premiers mois ; que les propriétés mécaniques de la PCL sont adaptées à une application ligamentaire ; que le greffage de pNaSS favorise in vitro la vitesse de croissance, la distribution, la densité et l’étalement cellulaires, la production de facteur de croissance et le maintien de l’expression génique ; et enfin que le greffage de pNaSS permet in vivo de diminuer l’inflammation articulaire et l’arthrose post-opératoire tout en favorisant la recolonisation tissulaireThe rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee is a common affection which mainly occurs in young and active population. Because of its joint location and its poor vascularization, this ligament does not heal spontaneously. The “gold-standard”, consisting of using autograft, has many disadvantages and the research focuses on the development of synthetic ligament implants. In this context, this thesis studies and evidences the possibility of a new ligament with bioactive and biodegradable features, made of polycaprolactone (PCL) grafted with poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) (pNaSS). The results presented in this manuscript evaluate the initial choice of raw PCL, its characterization, its functionalization, its mechanical properties after processing, its degradation mechanism and its in vitro and in vivo biological impact. At the interface of engineering, chemistry, mechanics and biology fields, we demonstrated that: the pNaSS grafting accelerates the PCL degradation while protecting the surface during the first six months; the mechanical properties of PCL are adapted to the ligament application; in vitro the pNaSS grafting promotes cell growth, cell distribution, cell density, cell spread, growth factor production, and maintenance of gene expression; and finally that in vivo the pNaSS grafting allows to reduce joint inflammation and postoperative osteoarthritis while promoting tissue recolonization
13
Åkerfeldt, Maria. "Electrically conductive textile coatings with PEDOT:PSS." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19.
Full textAbstract:
In smart textiles, electrical conductivity is often required for several functions, especially contacting (electroding) and interconnecting. This thesis explores electrically conductive textile surfaces made by combining conventional textile coating methods with the intrinsically conductive polymer complex poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). PEDOT:PSS was used in textile coating formulations including polymer binder, ethylene glycol (EG) and rheology modifier. Shear viscometry was used to identify suitable viscosities of the formulations for each coating method. The coating methods were knife coating, pad coating and screen printing. The first part of the work studied the influence of composition of the coating formulation, the amount of coating and the film formation process on the surface resistivity and the surface appearance of knife-coated textiles. The electrical resistivity was largely affected by the amount of PEDOT:PSS in the coating and indicated percolation behaviour within the system. Addition of a high-boiling solvent, i.e. EG, decreased the surface resistivity with more than four orders of magnitude. Studies of tear strength and bending rigidity showed that textiles coated with formulations containing larger amounts of PEDOT:PSS and EG were softer, more ductile and stronger than those coated with formulations containing more binder. The coated textiles were found to be durable to abrasion and cyclic strain, as well as quite resilient to the harsh treatment of shear flexing. Washing increased the surface resistivity, but the samples remained conductive after five wash cycles. The second part of the work focused on using the coatings to transfer the voltage signal from piezoelectric textile fibres; the coatings were first applied using pad coating as the outer electrode on a woven sensor and then as screen-printed interconnections in a sensing glove based on stretchy, warp-knitted fabric. Sensor data from the glove was successfully used as input to a microcontroller running a robot gripper. These applications showed the viability of the concept and that the coatings could be made very flexible and integrated into the textile garment without substantial loss of the textile characteristics. The industrial feasibility of the approach was also verified through the variations of coating methods.
14
Meng-HsinKuo and 郭孟鑫. "Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfonated poly(styrene-b-isoprene) for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59918424917990827718.
Full text
15
Haung-MingHus and 許晃銘. "Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfonated Zirconium-Phosphate or Pyrenesulfonic acid / Poly(styrene-b-isoprene-b-styrene) Composite Membrane for Fuel Cell Applications." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04218497787783546435.
Full text
16
Wang, Wei-Ning, and 王蔚寧. "Study on the Effect of Sulfonated Styrene-Maleic Anhydride Oligomer on the Rheology of Cement Pastes." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12012206822722320205.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
化學工程學系
84
The study of plasticizers of cement pastes plays an important role in themanufacturing of extra-high strength concrete.The purpose of this study was toexamine the effect of sulfonated styrene-maleic anhydride oligomer- basedplasticizers on the cement pastes. The rheological behavior of cement pasteswas studied by viscometer. According to the results, sulfonated styrene-maleicanhydride oligomer - based plasticizers could decrease the yield stress, viscosity and thixotrotpy of cement pastes. The potassium salt yielded betterplasticizing effect than sodium salt and both exhibited an optimum effect whenpH value was in the range of 9 to 10 .Plasticizers of low molecular weightactually had better plasticizing effect on cement pastes , but simultaneouslyentrained more air cotents and lower the strength of hardened concrete . Thisproblem could be solved by adding antifoaming agent of silicone type. Inaddition,by incorporating proper amounts of side chains to sulfonated styrene-maleic anhydride oligomer by esterification of maleic acid and n-butyl alcoholcould improve rheological properties of cement pastes. When the sulfonatedstyrene-maleic butylate oligomer was used at the dosage of 0.75 % of cement ,there was a maximum adsorption of cement and an optimum rheological propertiesof cement pastes.
17
Chang, Yih-Her, and 張義和. "Sulfonated Tetracarboxylic Polyester (SMTAPE) Emulsifier：Synthesis, Surfactant Characteristics, and Studies on The Emulsion Polymerization of Butyl Methacrylate/Styrene Monomer." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02331666243821373135.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立清華大學
化學工程學系
87
A novel polymeric emulsifier， SSIPM modified tetracarboxylic acid terminated polyester (SMTAPE)was prepared by end-capping sulfopolyester polyol with TMA in this study. The surface characteristics of SMTAPE， the optimum hydrophobic length of SMTAPE for the emulsion polymerization of PBMA， the nucleation mechanism and the surface area occupied by a SMTAPE molecule on a polymer latex particle at room temperatuve were studied by analyzing the surfactant characteristics， the reaction kinetic and the stability of the latices， the consumption of SMTAPE emulsifier during emulsion polymerization and the adsorption behavior of SMTAPE on polystyrene latices. The SMTAPE emulsifier is surface active， lowering the surface tension of water by about 15 mN/m at the cmc. Experimental results also indicate that SMTAPE emulsifiers with a shorter average hydrophobic length stabilize the PBMA latex by the depletion mechanism. Although possessing good mechanical stability， using those emulsifiers have a higher coagulum during the synthesis stage. However， the SMTAPE emulsifiers with a longer average hydrophobic length anchor strongly on the PBMA latex particles and stabilize them by an electrotatic force with a negligible amount of steric stabilization. Although possessing better synthesis stability， using these emulsifiers have a poor mechanical stability. Results presented herein also confirm that the SMTAPE emulsifiers with optimum hydrophobic length can anchor latex particles and show steric stabilization mechanism with good synthesis and mechanical stability. Futhermore， according to the experimental results， formation of the subsequent PBMA latex is attributed to a coagulation process of particle precursors， micellar particles as well as existing PBMA latex particles. The effect of the stirring speed and the amount of emulsifier on the kinetics and particle size distribution were studied to obtain more quantitative evidence for the nucleation mechanism in this system. The experimental results from the kinetic studies and the emulsifier consumption clearly showed that a continuous nucleation mechanism with no Smith-Ewart interval II present were the characteristics of this system. this was attributed to the high concentration of SMTAPE emulsifier in the polymerization， which led to a large surface area and vast number of ~10nm micelles which served as the major locus of particle nucleation and the nucleation period lasted well into the reaction until the disappearance of the micelles or the disappearance of monomer droplets. A broad particle size distribution was oberved thoughout the reaction. The surface area occupied by a SMTAPE molecule on a PS latex particle at 25℃ was found to be 187 at saturation. The conformation of SMATAPE emulsifier molecule adsorbed on a PS latex particle is thought to be a hydrophobic segment “trains” anchored to the polymer surface.
18
Ngqongwa, Lundi Vincent. "Electrochemical characterization of nanostructured SnO2 and TiO2 forpotential application as dielectric materials in sulfonated-polyaniline based supercapacitors." Thesis, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_3398_1306923514.
Full textAbstract:
In this research project, nanostructured composites based on Tin dioxide (SnO2) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) with poly-4-styrene sulfonic acid (PSSA) doped polyaniline (PANI) conducting polymer has been investigated based on their structural, electrical and electrochemical properties. The synthesis of conducting polymers and their metal oxide or composites have been carried out chemically or electrochemically according to methods modified from the literature. Layer-by-layer construction of nano-Metal Oxide/PSSA doped polyaniline composites were successfully constructed by electroanalytical methods on the surface of a glassy carbon working electrode (GCE).
19
Chang, Chi-yun, and 張綺芸. "Conformations of Poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate in Dilute Methanol/H2O Solutions." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65020859842045120909.
Full text
20
陳慶銘. "Charge Transport Properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate): A Tera-Hertz Study." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31803155333956699927.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
光電科學研究所
97
In this article, we studied transport properties of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/ poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) conducting polymer films by non-contact terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). The PEDOT:PSS(1:2.5)、(1:6)、(1:20) films were formed by dropping cast on high resistance silicon substrate. The film thickness is around 15μm. The laser source of the THz-TDS is 1-kHz, 300-μJ, 800-nm, 120-fs laser pulse generated by regenerated Ti-sapphire amplifier. 90% of the laser energy is used to generate terahertz by optical rectification in thickness 1mm (110) ZnTe crystal. The detection of the terahertz is to utilize EO sampling in another thickness 1mm (110) ZnTe crystal. All measurements are performed inside a nitrogen gas purged enclosure (<1% relative humidity). The absorption and dispersion of PEDOT:PSS films from 0.25 to 2.5 THz region are obtained by analyzing the transmission terahertz signal with and without PEDOT:PSS films on silicon substrate. The dielectric and conductivity properties of PEDOT:PSS films are further obtained over this frequency range. The DC conductivity obtained from extrapolation of the measurement matches the DC electrical measurement result. The real part of conductivity shows that it increases with growing frequency. This conductivity characteristic of the PEDOT:PSS films can not be fit by the simple Drude model but can be fit by the localization-modified Drude model.
21
Yang, Yun-min, and 楊贇民. "Dynamic Light Scattering and Viscoelasticity from Poly(sodium 4- styrene sulfonate) in Methanol/H2O Solutions." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23867128046776085372.
Full textAbstract:
碩士元智大學
化學工程學系
90
In this study we use dynamic light-scattering(DLS), membrane osmotic pressure and dynamic viscoelasticity analyzer to study the dynamic and physical properties from NaPSS in methonal/H2O (4/1 wt ratio) solution at 25℃. The concentration was ranged from 0.1 to 4.0 mg/mL. Dynamic light scattering experiments were carried out at scattering angles in the range of 30°£q£120°. Frequency of dynamic viscoelasticity analyzer was between 1 and 100 1/sec. From the experimental data of viscosity and membrane osmotic pressure, we found that when [NaPSS]＞1.0 mg/mL the solution was close to the theta-condition. DLS data revealed two relaxation modes, i.e. fast mode and slow mode. Fast mode is a diffusion mode and is a hydrophobic aggregation of polymer molecules and the fast mode relaxation time tf, increases upon dilution. When [NaPSS]＜1.0 mg/mL, the slow mode is an intra-particle motion of secondary ionic aggregation and ts was increases upon dilution. When [NaPSS]＞1.0 mg/mL, the slow mode is a viscoelastic mode and ts was independent of NaPSS concentration. From the study of dynamic viscoelasticity data show that n1’≈2 and n1” ≈1 at low frequency region, which are consistent with Zimm and Rouse theory, indicating that the solutions are liquid state.
22
Tseng, Chin-Hsin, and 曾志新. "The diffusion and adsorption of drugs in Poly(vinyl alcohol-g-sodium styrene sulfonate)[PVA-g-SSS] Hydrogels." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60513088143102297766.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
高分子工程系
92
Polyvinyl alcohol gels crosslinked with sodium styrenesulfonate（SSS） with SSS grafting ratio from 1.3×10-3 to 3.5×10-3 were prepared and drugs（Benzoic acid , Vitamin K3 and Caffeine）permeation and diffusion through gels were determined. The mesh size of gels were determined with hydrogel water contents（swelling）and elasticity data. The diffusion coefficients increase with swelling, and the solubility increases with drug size. Diffusion coefficient and solubility were presented in terms of the ratio of drug diameter to that of mesh size. The diffusion is a controlling step driving the permeation. The tortuosity of drug diffusion data in gels was calculated, which is significantly greater than the predicted value from the transport model in rigid porous media. This deviation is due to the complex structure of gels. Solute diffusion data are fitted with free volume model. We found that the slope of solute diffusion data versus the reciprocal of free volume is smaller than free volume estimation from the relation of ln（D/D0） and （1/H-1）. In the hydrogels, the steady-state adsorption factors of the solutes with higher solubility is smaller than the solute with lower solubility. The initial adsorption factors increase with SSS grafting ratio, because SSS have ionic groups interacting with the solutes. The adsorption increase with the mesh size，and the surface adsorption has greater effect for the solute with lower solubility.
23
Chen, Hung-Ting, and 陳泓廷. "Effects of additives on structural characteristics of poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxy-thiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) colloidal dispersions and the corresponding spin-cast films." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3u482w.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立清華大學
化學工程學系
105
Poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxy-thiophene) (PEDOT) is an inherently hydrophobic and conductive polymer which usually doped with poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) for higher dispersity in aqueous solution. Nevertheless, PSS, a non-conductive polymer, inevitably lessens conductivity performance of PEDOT:PSS film. Plenty researchers have discovered that the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS films could be strongly enhanced upon minor presence of an ionic-liquid additive (such as [BMIM]BF4) in the dispersion or after post-deposition treatment with volatile solvent (such as methanol). The present study concerns the origin of this conductivity enhancement. By use of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS), X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and surface potential microscopy (SPoM), here we report morphological differences in PEDOT:PSS solutions and corresponding films upon presence/treatment of selected additive/solvent. According to SAXS results, nano-ellipsoid (ca. 24 nm in length and 3 nm in width) are the dominant in aqueous solution and the existence of [BMIM]BF4 increases the population of big aggregates. GISAXS and SPoM results show that population of fractal clusters rises along concentration of [BMIM]BF4 in the film, which give rise to conduction paths in the film state. Fractal cluster formed as well after the film was treated with methanol, but with smaller correlation length (ca. 36 nm), in contrast to micron-size fractals in the former case. We conclude that instead of the apparent phase separation or gel formation, the increased conductivity is mainly due to enhanced formation of fractal structure. Successive little fractal structures, formed after methanol treatment, provide more effective conduction-pathways comparing to huge fractal structures in identical volume.
24
Tan, Sophie. "Modification des membranes échangeuses de cations par polymérisation chimique de l'aniline." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16770.
Full text
25
Τσοπελάκης, Φίλιππος. "Μελέτη αλληλεπιδράσεων ιόντων Cu2+ με συμπολυμερή του ακρυλικού οξέος σε υδατικό διάλυμα." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/6994.
Full textAbstract:
Στην εργασία αυτή προχωρήσαμε στη μελέτη της αλληλεπίδρασης των ιόντων δισθενούς χαλκού, Cu2+ με στατιστικά συμπολυμερή P(ANa-co-SSNa) του ακρυλικού οξέος, (ANa) με το στυρενοσουλφονικό οξύ (SSNa). Συντέθηκαν τα συμπολυμερή P(ANa50-co-SSNa) και P(AΝa80-co-SSNa) που περιέχουν 50 mol% και 80 mol% ακρυλικού οξέος αντίστοιχα. Τα συμπολυμερή αυτά χαρακτηρίστηκαν με φασματοσκοπία πυρηνικού μαγνητικού συντονισμού 1H NMR.
Προχωρήσαμε στην φυσικοχημική μελέτη της αλληλεπίδρασης ιόντων δισθενούς χαλκού, Cu2+, με τα συμπολυμερή P(ANa50-co-SSNa) και P(AΝa80-co-SSNa) χρησιμοποιώντας διάφορες τεχνικές όπως η θολομετρία, η ιξωδομετρία και η φασματοσκοπία UV-vis. Τα πειράματα πραγματοποιήθηκαν σε υδατικά διαλύματα, στα οποία χρησιμοποιήθηκε ως διαλύτης τρισαπιονισμένο νερό, H2O-3D. Για λόγους σύγκρισης μελετήθηκαν επίσης τα αντίστοιχα ομοπολυμερή των μονομερών που αποτελούν τα συμπολυμερή P(ANa-co-SSNa). Έτσι, πραγματοποιήθηκε φυσικοχημική μελέτη της αλληλεπίδρασης των ιόντων Cu2+ με το πολυ(ακρυλικό νάτριο), PANa, και το πολυ(στυρενοσουλφονικό νάτριο), PSSNa, αντίστοιχα.
Από την ιξωδομετρική μελέτη προέκυψε πως η εισαγωγή ιόντων χαλκού Cu2+ σε υδατικό διάλυμα πολυμερούς οδηγεί στην μείωση του ανηγμένου ιξώδους. Μάλιστα η μείωση αυτή είναι πιο δραστική καθώς αυξανεται η συγκέντρωση ιόντων Cu2+ στο διάλυμα. Αυτή η συμπεριφορά αποτελεί ένδειξη της συμπλοκοποίησης των ιόντων χαλκού, Cu2+, με τις ομάδες καρβοξυλίων του ακρυλικού οξέος (ΑΑ). Διαπιστώθηκε πως στα συμπολυμερή P(ANa-co-SSNa) τα Cu2+ συμπλοκοποιούνται με τα καρβοξύλια του ακρυλικού οξέος σε αναλογία ιόντων χαλκού προς ομάδες καρβοξυλίων ίση με 1:2.
Όσον αφορά στην μελέτη με UV-vis, ενώ στην περίπτωση του ομοπολυμερούς PSSNa δεν υπάρχει κάποια ιδιαίτερη αλληλεπίδραση τύπου συμπλόκου ένταξης μεταξύ του πολυμερούς και των ιόντων του Cu2+, στην περίπτωση του συμπολυμερούς Ρ(ΑNa50-co-SSNa), παρατηρήθηκε μετατόπιση του σήματος των ιόντων Cu2+ (από τα 800 στα 745 nm) παρουσία του συμπολυμερούς. Αυτό είναι χαρακτηριστικό του σχηματισμού συμπλόκου ένταξης μεταξύ των ιόντων του Cu2+ και των ομάδων COO- του συμπολυμερούς.In the present work we studied the interaction of bivalent copper ions Cu2+ with random copolymers P(ANa-co-SSNa) of acrylic acid (ANa) and styrenesulfonic acid (SSNa). Two copolymers, P(ANa50-co-SSNa) and P(AΝa80-co-SSNa) with 50 mol% and 80 mol% in acrylic acid, respectively, were synthesized and characterized by neutron magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 1H NMR. We proceeded in the physicochemical study of the interaction of bivalent copper ions, Cu2+, with P(ANa50-co-SSNa) and P(AΝa80-co-SSNa) copolymers using techniques like turbidimetry, viscometry and UV-vis spectroscopy. The experiments were performed in aqueous media using 3D water, H2O-3D. For reasons of comparison the respective homopolymers of sodium polyacrylate, PANa, and poly(styrene sulfonate), PSSNa, were also studied. From viscometry it was found that the introduction of copper ions in the polymer aqueous solutions leads to the decrease of the reduced viscosity. Moreover, this decrease is more pronounced as the concentration of Cu2+ increases in the solution. This behavior is indicative of the complexation between Cu2+ with the carboxylate groups of acrylic acid (ΑΑ). In the P(ANa-co-SSNa)/Cu2+ system, it was found that complexation occurs when the ratio of copper ions to carboxylates is equal to 1:2. UV-vis spectroscopy showed that, while in the case of PSSNa homopolymer there is not strong interaction with Cu2+, in the case of the Ρ(ΑNa50-co-SSNa) copolymer, the introduction of the polymer lead to a shift of the maximum absorbance of Cu2+ (from 800 to 745 nm). This was due to the complexation of Cu2+ with the COO- groups of the copolymer.