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Journal articles on the topic 'Sulfonatos de lignina'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 September 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Arianie, Lucy. "Potention of Lignin, Lignin Sulfonate and Lignin Acetate from Palm Empty Bunch as an Additive Substance in Urea Fertilizer as an Effort to Reduce the Solubility of Urea Nitrogen." Advanced Materials Research 93-94 (January 2010): 409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.93-94.409.

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Hydrophobic lignin’s character is used as the base of lignin usage as the binder in the urea fertilizer tablet. Lignin was isolated from black liquor of pulp and paper with palm empty bunch materials. Sulfonation of lignin isolate produced lignin sulfonate. Acetylation of lignin isolate produced lignin acetate. Lignin, lignin sulfonate and lignin acetate analyzed its solubility showed that lignin has no solubility in water. Therefore, urea fertilizer need to be modified by lignin. Nitrogen concentration of tablet lignin – urea with variation of lignin percentage 1,2,3,4 and 5 % examined with K

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2

Tang, Yufang, Tao Hu, Yongde Zeng, Qiang Zhou, and Yongzhen Peng. "Effective adsorption of cationic dyes by lignin sulfonate polymer based on simple emulsion polymerization: isotherm and kinetic studies." RSC Advances 5, no. 5 (2015): 3757–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra12229a.

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This study describes the synthesis of a lignin sulfonate polymer based on a simple emulsion polymerization from lignin sulfonates derived from the accessible by-products of paper pulp and the adsorption properties of the lignin sulfonate polymer towards dyes.

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3

Zhao, Zhen Qiang, and Xin Ping Ouyang. "Effect of Oxidation on the Structures and Properties of Lignin." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 1208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.1208.

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The effect of three kinds of oxidants, hydrogen peroxide, copper oxide and ammonium persulfate, on the structures and properties of modified lignin were investigated. It is found out that a low dosage of oxidant can result in the increase in the content of active phenolic hydroxyl and carboxyl. It is most likely to cleave β-O-4 and C-C bond in lignin molecule. Compared to ammonium persulfate and copper oxide, hydrogen peroxide exhibits relatively mild oxidation to lignin. The oxidation of lignin with excessive ammonium persulfate and hydrogen peroxide can cause free radical polymerization of a

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4

Priyanto, Slamet, Bambang Pramudono, Tutuk Djoko Kusworo, et al. "Synthesis Study Of Surfactants Sodium Ligno Sulphonate (SLS) From Biomass Waste Using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR)." MATEC Web of Conferences 156 (2018): 03030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815603030.

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Lignin from biomass waste (Black Liquor) was isolated by using sulfuric acid 25% and sodium hydroxide solutions 2N. The obtained lignin was reacted with Sodium Bisulfite to Sodium Ligno Sulfonate (SLS). The best result was achieved at 80 ° C, pH 9, ratio of lignin and bisulfite 4: 1, for 2 hours, and 290 rpm stirring rate. The result of lignin formed was sulfonated using Sodium Bisulfite (NaHSO3) to Sodium Ligno Sulfonate (SLS) whose results were tested by the role of groups in peak formation by FTIR and compared to the spectrum of Sodium Ligno Sulfonate made from pure Lignin (commercial) reac

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5

Ghavidel Darestani, Nasim, Adrianna Tikka, and Pedram Fatehi. "Sulfonated Lignin-g-Styrene Polymer: Production and Characterization." Polymers 10, no. 8 (2018): 928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10080928.

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Among sustainable alternatives for replacing fossil-based chemicals, lignin is widely available on earth, albeit the least utilized component of biomass. In this work, lignin was polymerized with styrene in aqueous emulsion systems. The reaction afforded a yield of 20 wt % under the conditions of 100 g/L lignin concentration, pH 2.5, 0.35 mol/L sodium dodecyl sulfate concentration, 5 mol/mol styrene/lignin ratio, 5 wt % initiator, 90 °C, and 2 h. The lignin-g-styrene product under the selected conditions had a grafting degree of 31 mol % of styrene, which was determined by quantitative proton

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6

Mu'izzah, Nala Ridhwanul, Pinka Zuhdiana Hapsari, Nabila Putri Aulia, Dian Wahyu Tri Wulansari, Fauziyah Azhari, and Edi Pramono. "Utilization of Lignin and Lignosulfonate from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches as Filler in PVDF Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 23, no. 4 (2023): 1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.81750.

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A study on the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane using lignin and lignosulfonate oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fillers have been carried out. This study aims to determine the additional effect of lignin and lignosulfonate on PVDF membrane. Lignin sulfonation has a good result proven by Fourier transform infrared spectra with a peak at 1192 cm−1 which indicates sulfonate group. The sulfonation degree was increased by 8.9% for lignosulfonate. The membrane was prepared by the phase inversion method. Data present that all the membranes have an asymmetric structure with finger-like and s

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7

Adhikari, Shiba, Zach Hood, Nidia Gallego, and Cristian Contescu. "Lignin-Derived Carbon Fibers as Efficient Heterogeneous Solid Acid Catalysts for Esterification of Oleic Acid." MRS Advances 3, no. 47-48 (2018): 2865–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2018.481.

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The production of biodiesel by the esterification of oleic acid, as an example of free fatty acid (FFA), was explored by using a new solid acid catalyst derived from lignin, a highly abundant low-cost biomass material. The catalyst was synthesized from lignin-derived carbon fiber by straightforward sulfonation and contains 1.86 mmol/g of sulfonic acid (-SO3H) groups. The catalyst was characterized by a variety of techniques including PXRD, TGA, TPD-MS, SEM, and XPS to understand the surface chemistry and the result of sulfonation. It was found that the sulfonated lignin-derived carbon fiber (C

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8

Börås, Linda, and Paul Gatenholm. "Surface Properties of Mechanical Pulps Prepared under Various Sulfonation Conditions and Preheating Time." Holzforschung 53, no. 4 (1999): 429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.1999.071.

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Summary In this study, the mechanical pulps were prepared under different preheating time and sulfonation conditions. The pulping conditions chosen yield a gradient of pulps ranging from thermomechanical pulp (TMP) through chemithermomechnical pulp (CTMP) with a low degree of sulfonation to CTMP with a high degree of sulfonation. The increase of the sodium sulfite charge resulted in a gradient of sulfur content which was shown to be related to the introduction of strong acidic groups as well as to the decrease of the carbohydrate content at the surface revealed by Electron Spectroscopy for Che

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9

Qin, Yanlin, Xuliang Lin, Yaoqin Lu, et al. "Preparation of a Low Reducing Effect Sulfonated Alkali Lignin and Application as Dye Dispersant." Polymers 10, no. 9 (2018): 982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10090982.

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A novel grafting hydroxypropyl sulfonated and blocking condensed lignin (GSBAL) dye dispersant was prepared based on alkali lignin (AL) by sulfonation and etherification reactions. The significant increase in the sulfonic group content and the molecular weight endow GSBAL with excellent dispersity and stability at high temperatures. More importantly, the unfavorable property of the reducing effect of AL was largely reduced since over 80% of the phenolic hydroxyl groups were blocked. The functional azo groups in the dye could be mostly retained. The reducing rate of dye with GSBAL was decreased

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10

Qin, Yanlin, Wenjie Mo, Lixuan Yu, Dongjie Yang, and Xueqing Qiu. "A light-colored hydroxypropyl sulfonated alkali lignin for utilization as a dye dispersant." Holzforschung 70, no. 2 (2016): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2015-0009.

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Abstract A light-colored hydroxypropyl sulfonated alkali lignin (HSAL) was synthesized based on pine alkali lignin (AL) by grafted-sulfonation and crosslinking reaction processes. The reactions were evaluated by gel-permeation chromatography (GPC), infrared (IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. The sulfonic group content and the molecular weight (Mw) of HSAL significantly increased, while the phenolic hydroxyl groups diminished by around 80% compared to AL. The color of HSAL turned to light yellow compared to the dark brown color of AL, that is, it stained less the

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11

Song, Jin Mei, Yu Xiu Zhang, and Shu Quan Zhu. "Preparation and Properties of Modified Lignin Used as Additive of Brown Coal CWS." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 1479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.1479.

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The lignin condensated sulfonated naphthalene (abbreviated as LCSN) was prepared by condensation reaction. The electrical conductivity and the weight molecular of LCSN were determined by electrical conductivity meter, and Ubbelohde viscosimeter, and Critical Micelle Concentration (abbreviated as CMC) and HLB of the modified lignin were calculated. LCSN was characterized and verified by Fourier and scanning electron microscope, transform infrared spectroscopy (abbreviated as FTIR). SEM images revealed morphology of modified lignin. Under the same dosage, compared with raw material, concentratio

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12

Mohammad Zainol, Muzakkir. "Effect of Calcination Temperature on Sulfonated Lignin Catalyst Preparation for Glucose Ethanolysis to Ethyl Levulinate." Scientific Research Journal 21, no. 1 (2024): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v21i1.25200.

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An abundance of biomass material is generated globally which has the potential to be converted to various bio-based chemicals including ethyl levulinate (EL). EL is well known as a sustainable fuel additive and can be produced from glucose, a biomass derivative in an ethanolysis reaction throughout acidic catalysis. In this study, sulfonated lignin carbon catalysts were used to catalyze the ethanolysis of glucose to synthesize EL. The catalysts were prepared from lignin via calcination at different soaking temperatures (400 to 600 °C) for 1 h to produce carbon material, followed by sulfonation

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13

Suota, Maria Juliane, Débora Merediane Kochepka, Marlon Gualberto Ganter Moura, et al. "Lignin functionalization strategies and the potential applications of its derivatives – A Review." BioResources 16, no. 3 (2021): 6471–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.3.suota.

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Lignin is one of the most important and widespread carbon sources on Earth. Significant amounts of lignin are delivered to the market by pulp mills and biorefineries, and there have been many efforts to develop routes for its valorization. Over the years, lignin has been used to produce biobased chemicals, materials, and advanced biofuels on the basis of its variable functionalities and physicochemical properties. Today, lignin’s applications are still limited by its heterogeneity, variability, and low reactivity. Thus, modification technologies have been developed to allow lignin to be suitab

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14

Khan, Sharib, Daniel Rauber, Udayakumar Veerabagu, et al. "Tailored Lignin Fractions via Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Sustainable Polymer Systems." Molecules 30, no. 12 (2025): 2630. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30122630.

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The valorization of advanced biorefinery lignins remains a significant challenge, owing to the presence of residual carbohydrates. These lignin-associated carbohydrates hinder lignin purification, reduce its homogeneity, and complicate chemical modifications, ultimately limiting the efficient conversion of lignin into high-value products such as chemicals and materials. This study presents a protic ionic liquid-based lignin fractionation process developed using softwood biomass. Triethylammonium methane sulfonate ([N222H][OMS]) was used to fractionate Pinus sylvestris, yielding two distinct fr

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15

Jiang, Qimeng, Guihua Yang, Fangong Kong, Pedram Fatehi, and Xiaoying Wang. "High Acid Biochar-Based Solid Acid Catalyst from Corn Stalk for Lignin Hydrothermal Degradation." Polymers 12, no. 7 (2020): 1623. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071623.

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Solid acid catalysts generally show the disadvantage of low acid amount and low recycling rate. To solve these problems, corn stalk-based solid acid catalysts were synthesized through carbonization and sulfonation processes in this work. The results showed that besides the rod-like structure inherited from raw corn stalk, the catalysts contained some small broken pieces on the surface, and the specific surface area varied from 1120 to 1640 m2/g. The functional groups (-SO3H) were successfully introduced onto the surface of the obtained solid acid catalysts. The acid amount varied between 1.2 a

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16

Syahbirin, Gustini, Ani Suryani, and Tesar Dzikrulloh. "STUDI PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN REAKTAN LIGNIN NaHSO3 DAN pH TERHADAP NATRIUM LIGNOSULFONAT (NaLS)." Jurnal Riset Kimia 1, no. 2 (2015): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v1i2.43.

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ABSTRACT Lignin was isolated from waste black liquor of soda pulping process. Sulfonation of soda lignin produced Sodium Lignosulfonate (NaLS) which can be used as dispersants, and concrete admixtures. In this research, sulfonation was carried out towards lignin with ratio of lignin-NaHSO3 of 1.0:0.4; 1.0:0.5; and 1.0:0.6, and initial pH of 5.00; 6.00; 7.00. Parameters observed were purity, final pH, and yield of NaLS. The upsurge of initial pH increased the final pH and NaLS yield, but decreased its purity. The upsurge of ratio of lignin-NaHSO3 increased NaLS yield and decreased its purity, b

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17

Escalante, Froylán, Alejandra Carranza-Hernández, Adelina García-Zamora, and Efrén Aguilar-Garnica. "Optimization of Lignin-Based Biocatalyst Production from Pine Sawdust and Wheat Straw." Molecules 23, no. 8 (2018): 1877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23081877.

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Pine sawdust and wheat straw are abundant lignocellulosic wastes that have been recently converted into bioethanol under a biochemical platform scheme whose main waste is lignin. Lignin can be transformed into a wide variety of high added-value products, including its functionalization as a catalyst. A key step in the synthesis of a lignin-based catalyst is the sulfonation reaction, whose operating conditions, namely, H2SO4 to lignin ratio (mL/g), temperature and time, have been arbitrarily chosen. In this contribution, an optimization methodology (i.e., Box-Behnken) is applied in order to fou

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18

Sáez-Jiménez, Verónica, Jorge Rencoret, Miguel Angel Rodríguez-Carvajal, Ana Gutiérrez, Francisco Javier Ruiz-Dueñas, and Angel T. Martínez. "Role of surface tryptophan for peroxidase oxidation of nonphenolic lignin." Biotechnology for Biofuels 9, no. 1 (2016): 198. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-016-0615-x.

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<strong>Background: </strong>Despite claims as key enzymes in enzymatic delignification, very scarce information on the reaction rates between the ligninolytic versatile peroxidase (VP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP) and the lignin polymer is available, due to methodological difficulties related to lignin heterogeneity and low solubility.<strong>Results: </strong>Two water-soluble sulfonated lignins (from <i>Picea abies</i> and <i>Eucalyptus grandis</i>) were chemically characterized and used to estimate single electron-transfer rates to the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-activated <i>Pleurotus eryng

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19

Li, Jin Bao, Mei Yun Zhang, Hui Juan Xiu, and Jian Wu Cao. "Preparation of Cement Water-Reducer by Sulfonation Modifying of Wheat Straw Hydroxymethyl Ethanol Lignin." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 1011–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.1011.

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Modified lignin cement water-reducer was prepared via hydroxymethylation followed sulfonation of wheat straw ethanol lignin. The optimum process conditions of sulfonation of wheat straw ethanol lignin were mainly investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was performed to characterize the chemical structure of mofified ethanol lignin. Its morphology was revealed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation. The application results showed that when the modified lignin dosage was 0.5% the fluidity of cement paste reached 208mm, water-reducing ratio was 14.9% which was

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20

Huang, Caoxing, Junmei Ma, Weiyu Zhang, Guohong Huang, and Qiang Yong. "Preparation of Lignosulfonates from Biorefinery Lignins by Sulfomethylation and Their Application as a Water Reducer for Concrete." Polymers 10, no. 8 (2018): 841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10080841.

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Lignosulfonate (LG), a water-soluble polymer from sulfite pulping process of lignocellulosic biomass, has been commercially applied as admixture for concrete. In this work, lignosulfonates were produced from alkaline lignin (AL) and enzymatic hydrolysis residue (EHR) by sulfomethylation and these lignosulfonates as water reducers for concrete were then evaluated. Results showed that 94.9% and 68.9% of lignins in AL and EHR could be sulfonated under optimum sulfomethylation conditions, respectively. The sulfonic groups in lignosulfonates from AL (AL-LG) and EHR (EHR-LG) were 1.6 mmol/g and 1.0

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21

Zhang, Yuqing, Xiao Jiang, Shanqi Wan, Wenjuan Wu, Shufang Wu, and Yongcan Jin. "Adsorption behavior of two glucanases on three lignins and the effect by adding sulfonated lignin." Journal of Biotechnology 323 (November 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.07.013.

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22

Yan, Peifang, Zhanwei Xu, Chao Zhang, Xiumei Liu, Wenjuan Xu, and Z. Conrad Zhang. "Fractionation of lignin from eucalyptus bark using amine-sulfonate functionalized ionic liquids." Green Chemistry 17, no. 11 (2015): 4913–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5gc01035g.

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Amine-sulfonate functionalized ionic liquids not only dissolve industrial lignin materials like kraft lignin and lignosulfonate, but also offer unique selectivity and efficiency in fractionating lignin from eucalyptus bark.

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23

Brudin, Stella, and Peter Schoenmakers. "Analytical methodology for sulfonated lignins." Journal of Separation Science 33, no. 3 (2010): 439–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200900691.

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24

Labrath, Y. P. "Hydrotropic Extraction for Process Intensification in Delignification of Dried Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) Leaves." International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review 34, no. 3 (2025): 67–81. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijbcrr/2025/v34i3986.

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Background: The extraction of lignin is costliest, challenging process and is significant for production of various starting material useful in chemical synthesis, fuel production, weakening of cell wall to assists the extraction of natural active constituents from plants, in solid waste management and delignification assists in breaking of strong bonds of lignin and hemicellulose which entraps the fermentable cellulose. There is huge dried leaf waste, which has lignin component suitable for various applications. Further, the available lignin extraction methods affect the quality of lignin. Ai

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25

Badri, Muhammad Ashraf Saiful, Noor Far’ain Md Noor, Ahmad Rifqi Md Zain, Muhamad MatSalleh, and Tengku Hasnan Tengku Abdul Aziz. "Exfoliated graphene-alkaline lignin-PEDOT: PSS composite as a transparent conductive electrode." Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 11 (January 1, 2021): 184798042110150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/18479804211015009.

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In this work, we report a graphene-alkaline lignin-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate composite as a transparent conductive electrode for indium tin oxide-free optoelectronic devices. The composite was prepared by dispersing exfoliated graphene-alkaline lignin into aqueous poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate. The effect of graphene concentration on the electrical and optical properties of graphene-alkaline lignin-poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate was studied. The graphene-alkaline lignin-poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene

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26

Shabanov, Nabi S., Kamil Sh Rabadanov, Malik M. Gafurov, et al. "Lignin-Based Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Cationic Conductivity." Polymers 13, no. 14 (2021): 2306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13142306.

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The article presents the results of the preparation and study of a gel-polymer electrolyte based on lignin obtained from Pinus sylvestris. Sulfonation and subsequent chlorination of lignin make possible implementation of the principle of mono-ionic conductivity in a natural biopolymer matrix, which provides predominantly cationic conductivity of the electrolyte. Based on the results of the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the synthesized samples, the mechanisms of the chemical conversion of the biopolymer, the structure models of the converted fragments of macromolecules, as well as th

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27

Öster, Roland, Knut P. Kringstad, Shigeo Hirose, and Hyoe Hatakeyama. "Oxidative sulfonation of kraft lignin." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 3, no. 2 (1988): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-1988-03-02-p068-074.

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28

Dhara, Kaliprasanna, Rajesh K. Jain, and Wolfgang G. Glasser. "Lignin Derivatives III. Sulfonate Esters." Holzforschung 47, no. 5 (1993): 403–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hfsg.1993.47.5.403.

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29

Shen, Qing, Tao Zhang, and Mei-Fang Zhu. "A comparison of the surface properties of lignin and sulfonated lignins by FTIR spectroscopy and wicking technique." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 320, no. 1-3 (2008): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2008.01.012.

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30

Ma'ruf, Anwar, Bambang Pramudono, and Nita Aryanti. "Synthesis of Natural Surfactant of Sodium Lignosulfonate from Rice Husk Lignin by Ultrasound Assisted - Sulfonation." Key Engineering Materials 775 (August 2018): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.775.20.

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Sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) is one of natural surfactant that can be modified from lignin. The utilization of natural surfactant of SLS is widely studied by researchers. This paper will study the synthesis of a natural surfactant of SLS from rice husk lignin by ultrasound assisted – sulfonation and the characteristics of SLS based on FTIR spectra. The reaction was carried out at the temperature of 60 °C and the time of 30 minutes. From the experiment can be concluded that sulfonation process with ultrasonic irradiation has advantages compared with conventional heating, i.e. lower temperature,

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31

Eraghi Kazzaz, Armin, and Pedram Fatehi. "Interaction of synthetic and lignin-based sulfonated polymers with hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and charged self-assembled monolayers." RSC Advances 10, no. 60 (2020): 36778–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra07554j.

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Zhang, Zhili, Rendang Yang, Wenhua Gao, and Xianping Yao. "Investigation of [Emim][OAc] as a mild pretreatment solvent for enhancing the sulfonation efficiency of alkali lignin." RSC Advances 7, no. 49 (2017): 31009–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra03877a.

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33

Colburn, Andrew, Ronald J. Vogler, Aum Patel, et al. "Composite Membranes Derived from Cellulose and Lignin Sulfonate for Selective Separations and Antifouling Aspects." Nanomaterials 9, no. 6 (2019): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9060867.

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Cellulose-based membrane materials allow for separations in both aqueous solutions and organic solvents. The addition of nanocomposites into cellulose structure is facilitated through steric interaction and strong hydrogen bonding with the hydroxy groups present within cellulose. An ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, was used as a solvent for microcrystalline cellulose to incorporate graphene oxide quantum dots into cellulose membranes. In this work, other composite materials such as, iron oxide nanoparticles, polyacrylic acid, and lignin sulfonate have all been uniformly incor

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34

Li, Changhao, Yi Sun, Qiujie Wu, Xin Liang, Chunhua Chen, and Hongfa Xiang. "A novel design strategy of a practical carbon anode material from a single lignin-based surfactant source for sodium-ion batteries." Chemical Communications 56, no. 45 (2020): 6078–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cc01431a.

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35

Martinez, Daniella V., Alberto Rodriguez, Miranda A. Juarros, et al. "Depolymerization of lignin for biological conversion through sulfonation and a chelator-mediated Fenton reaction." Green Chemistry 24, no. 4 (2022): 1627–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1gc03854k.

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36

Dong, Xiaozhong, Chunxiang Lu, Pucha Zhou, Shouchun Zhang, Liyong Wang, and Denghua Li. "Polyacrylonitrile/lignin sulfonate blend fiber for low-cost carbon fiber." RSC Advances 5, no. 53 (2015): 42259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra01241d.

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Gao, Weijue, John P. W. Inwood, and Pedram Fatehi. "Sulfonation of Hydroxymethylated Lignin and Its Application." Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 4, no. 2 (2019): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21967/jbb.v4i2.228.

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38

Lugovitskaya, T. N., K. N. Bolatbaev, and S. S. Naboichenko. "Hydrochemical oxidation of sulfonated derivatives of lignin." Russian Journal of General Chemistry 84, no. 2 (2014): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070363214020273.

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39

Zhang, Hui, Youcan Bai, Wanpeng Zhou, and Fangeng Chen. "Color reduction of sulfonated eucalyptus kraft lignin." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 97 (April 2017): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.031.

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40

Ye, Chang, Cheng Xing Shi, Qi Cheng Liu, and Qing Xia. "Study of Adaptability of the Compound of Sulfonate Acid Water Reducing Agent with Ceramic Slurry Blank." Advanced Materials Research 650 (January 2013): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.650.285.

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In this study, we investigate the effect of four types of water reducing agen on fluidity, suspensibility, thixotropy and the particle size of ceramic slurry and analyze the corresponding mechanism. Those water reducing agen include Lignin sulfonate water reducing agent, Sodium metasilicate, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, and the inorganic compound reducing agent. Experiment results shows that the relative molecular mass, the structure of water reducer, the content, and the moisture content of ceramic blank particle can play an important role in the adaptability of both water r

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He, Wenming, and Pedram Fatehi. "Preparation of sulfomethylated softwood kraft lignin as a dispersant for cement admixture." RSC Advances 5, no. 58 (2015): 47031–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra04526f.

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Chetvertneva, Irina A., Oleg Kh Karimov, Galina A. Teptereva, Natalia S. Tivas, Eldar M. Movsumzade, and Elbay R. Babayev. "WOOD COMPONENTS AS SOURCES OF PENTO-CONTAINING RAW MATERIALS FOR SYNTHESIS OF USEFUL COMPOUNDS, PRODUCTS AND REAGENTS." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 64, no. 3 (2021): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20216403.6363.

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The paper considers the main components and products of wood processing, agricultural waste, pulp and paper industry waste and qualifies them as sources of pentose-containing resource-renewable domestic raw materials. The article describes in detail the structural components of wood as a natural polymer, which contains aromatic and carbohydrate parts. It is noted that these poly-mers are promising as raw materials for the production of useful chemical products. The role of lignin, cellolose and hemicellulose in the design of mechanical and structural properties of wood is considered. The artic

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Svinoroev, Y. A., Valery V. Dyadichev, and O. A. Ternovskiy. "The Research of the Possibilities of Using Purge Methods for the Manufacture of Casting Cores from Mixtures Based on Secondary Polymers and Technical Lignosulphonates." Solid State Phenomena 299 (January 2020): 634–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.299.634.

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The work investigated the possibility of using the technical lingo-sulfonate as a binder for the manufacture of small cores by blow-off methods in the production of shaped cast-iron casting, similar to the dominant at the present time Cold-Box-Amin process. It is shown that the advantage of lignin materials is their safety, manifested both in the workplace - directly in the foundry, and in ensuring environmental cleanliness in the area of the location of such production. It is indicated that, when switching to the proposed lignin materials, the price of binders can be reduced by two orders of

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Luo, Lianxin, Guangxing Li, Ye Jin, Yi Liu, Kelei Zhang, and Shuangfei Wang. "Effect of sulfonation treatment concentration on the properties of mulberry chemi-mechanical pulp." BioResources 13, no. 3 (2018): 6147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.13.3.6147-6159.

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Sulfonation chemimechanical pulping (SCMP) of mulberry stalk was studied with different treatment concentrations. The resulting mulberry SCMP pulp contained different content of sulfonic acid groups depending on the concentrations. The brightness, tensile index, and folding resistance of mulberry SCMP pulp increased with the increasing concentration of sulfonation treatment, but the thickness decreased with increasing concentration. There was either a linear or a non-linear relationship between the content of sulfonic groups and the pulp physical properties. The mass average length of mulberry

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Hilgers, Roelant, Megan Twentyman-Jones, Annemieke van Dam, et al. "The impact of lignin sulfonation on its reactivity with laccase and laccase/HBT." Catalysis Science & Technology 9, no. 6 (2019): 1535–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cy00249a.

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This study shows and explains how sulfonation of lignin influences its reactivity with laccase and LMS (with mediator HBT), and what consequences this has for the overall outcome of laccase and LMS treatments.

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Arasaretnam, Selladurai, and T. Kirudchayini. "Studies on Synthesis, Characterization of Modified Phenol Formaldehyde Resin and Metal Adsorption of Modified Resin Derived From Lignin Biomass." Emerging Science Journal 3, no. 2 (2019): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/esj-2019-01173.

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This study was related to development of economically viable method of extraction of lignin from saw dust in order to produce lignin modified phenolic resin and ecofriendly adhesives (bio-based resin). This study cover to improve the mechanical properties by modification of phenol formaldehyde resole resin using some additives such as boric acid, sulfuric acid and lignin biomass. The synthesis and metal adsorption capacity of resin derived from lignin biomass were explored. Lignin sample was extracted from sawdust of Acacia sp. collected from Batticaloa region by alkali extraction method calle

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Zheng, Chao, Dongfang Li, and Monica Ek. "Improving fire retardancy of cellulosic thermal insulating materials by coating with bio-based fire retardants." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 34, no. 1 (2019): 96–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2018-0031.

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Abstract Sustainable thermal insulating materials produced from cellulosic fibers provide a viable alternative to plastic insulation foams. Industrially available, abundant, and inexpensive mechanical pulp fiber and recycled textile fiber provide potential raw materials to produce thermal insulating materials. To improve the fire retardancy of low-density thermal insulating materials produced from recycled cotton denim and mechanical pulp fibers, bio-based fire retardants, such as sulfonated kraft lignin, kraft lignin, and nanoclays, were coated onto sustainable insulating material surfaces to

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Zhang, Rongjun, Long Gao, Wenguang Duan, et al. "The Application of Ferric Chloride-Lignin Sulfonate as Shale Inhibitor in Water-Based Drilling Fluid." Molecules 24, no. 23 (2019): 4331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24234331.

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A series of ferric chloride-lignin sulfonate (FCLS) was prepared from ferric chloride and lignin sulfonate to be used as shale inhibitor. The swelling rate of clay with FCLS-2 (w/w = 0.3%) decreased to 41.9%. Compared with control, FCLS-2 displayed high inhibitive ability against the hydrating and swelling processes of clay. Thus, the swelling degree of samples with FCLS-2 was much lower than that of the control, as well as the mud ball was more stable in FCLS-2 solution. Essentially, these excellent performances in inhibitor were assigned to the hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction and

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Qadariyah, Lailatul, Dhanar Ramadhan, and Ampeldenta Gusti. "Production of Sodium Lignosulfonate (SLS) Surfactant from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) Using Microwave." E3S Web of Conferences 481 (2024): 06006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202448106006.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using a microwave in synthesizing Sodium Lignosulfonate (SLS) surfactant made of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) which contains lignin as the content to be processed, especially in the sulfonation process. The observed variables are the NaHSO3 concentration ranging from 0.1 M to 0.7 M, reaction time ranging from 30 minutes to 90 minutes, and microwave power ranging from 300 W to 750 W. on the yield and comparing the results of SLS synthesized with microwave to those obtained through conventional heating methods in the sulfonation proc

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Amri, Ulil, M. Taufiq Fathaddin, Andon Insani, and Fachrurrozi Akbar. "Performance of SLS Surfactant with Imbibition Methode: Literature Review." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1104, no. 1 (2022): 012044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1104/1/012044.

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Abstract Surfactant is one of the injection fluids in the EOR process to increase the remaining oil production in the reservoir. One type of surfactant used is a lignosulfonate surfactant based on lignin. This lignin is found in bagasse, which is obtained by hydrolysis and sulfonation processes so that it becomes a lignosulfonate surfactant product, and is known as Sodium Ligno Sulfonate (SLS). The injection of surfactant solutions into reservoirs has developed in recent years. Although field data is still lacking, most of the laboratory research has given birth to new theories. The performanc

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