Relevant bibliographies by topics / Summary justice

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Summary justice'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Summary justice"

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Dabhoiwala, F. "Summary Justice in Early Modern London." English Historical Review CXXI, no. 492 (June 1, 2006): 796–822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cel107.

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Behlmer, George. "Summary Justice and Working-Class Marriage in England, 1870–1940." Law and History Review 12, no. 2 (1994): 229–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/743744.

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England's criminal justice system has been depicted as evolving from a preindustrial form in which wide judicial discretion served to legitimate the social order, to a new form where the need to impose industrial discipline on an increasingly urbanized work force produced less harsh but more systematic punishments. According to this vision, the wheels of Victorian justice ground both more gently and more intrusively than they had a century before, since along with the abolition of many capital crimes and the diminishing resort to incarceration went an intensified examination of private lives. As Jennifer Davis has made clear, however, historians of crime often underestimate the degree of continuity between eighteenth- and nineteenth-century law enforcement, particularly at the local level. Significantly, both eighteenth-century justices of the peace and nineteenth-century police court magistrates enjoyed great latitude in their dealings with the poor people who appeared before them. Nowhere is the highly personal and unsystematic nature of modern summary justice more strikingly revealed than in the police court's adjudication of disputes between husbands and wives.
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Karsten, Ian. "Book Review: Summary Justice: Judges Address Juries." Medicine, Science and the Law 41, no. 2 (April 2001): 178–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580240104100218.

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Turner, Joanne. "Summary Justice for Women : Stafford Borough, 1880-1905." Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 16, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 55–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chs.1359.

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Mehta, Kiran. "Summary Justice in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Southwark (London)." Crime, Histoire & Sociétés 24, no. 1 (October 30, 2020): 55–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/chs.2702.

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Petersilia, Joan. "Racial Disparities in the Criminal Justice System: A Summary." Crime & Delinquency 31, no. 1 (January 1985): 15–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128785031001002.

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This article summarizes a comprehensive examination of racial discrimination in the criminal justice systems of California, Michigan, and Texas. In each of those states, judges typically imposed heavier sentences on Hispanics and blacks than on whites convicted of comparable felonies and who had similar criminal records. Not only did these minorities receive harsher minimum sentences but they also served more time. It is chiefly at the sentencing stage where differential treatment is most pronounced. I discuss what could account for differences in sentencing, and suggest areas for future policy and research attention.
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Turner, Timothy A. "Torture and Summary Justice in The Spanish Tragedy." SEL Studies in English Literature 1500-1900 53, no. 2 (2013): 277–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sel.2013.0017.

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Sivakumaran, S. "Courts of Armed Opposition Groups: Fair Trials or Summary Justice?" Journal of International Criminal Justice 7, no. 3 (July 1, 2009): 489–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqp039.

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Ward, Jenni. "Transforming ‘Summary Justice’ Through Police-led Prosecution and ‘Virtual Courts’." British Journal of Criminology 55, no. 2 (October 8, 2014): 341–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azu077.

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WILLIAMS, RICHARD. "SOME ASPECTS OF SUMMARY JUSTICE IN EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY RURAL BERKSHIRE." Archives: The Journal of the British Records Association 26, no. 104 (April 2001): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/archives.2001.7.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Summary justice"

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Fitzgerald, Oonagh E. "The guilty plea and summary justice." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5914.

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Sweeney, Thomas. "The extension and practice of summary jurisdiction in England c. 1790-1860." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/250869.

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Eriksson, Giwa Sebastian. "Procedural justice, social norms and conflict : human behavior in resource allocation." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (EFI), 2009. http://www2.hhs.se/efi/summary/810.htm.

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Guo, Weiting. "The speed of justice : summary execution and legal culture in Qing dynasty China, 1644-1912." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58373.

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This dissertation examines the history of summary execution in the Qing dynasty (1644-1912) and its significant impact upon Chinese politics and legal culture. The practice of this extraordinary punishment initially increased in the eighteenth century, when the Qing Empire encountered the challenges of a growing population, an overburdened judicial system, and an increased number of popular protests. The Qianlong emperor (1711-1799) extensively used expedient procedures and bestowed upon regional authorities the power of summary execution to battle the threats from both borderland and inland—including the emerging underclass and the protesters. However, the problems remained unresolved and the court continued to institutionalize this informal punishment. In the nineteenth century, the increasing social turmoil and continuously overwhelmed judicial system led to several reforms at the regional level. Following the trend of local militarization, the spread of men using force became an inevitable trend. The authorities continued to rely on braves in order to quench local revolts and save government expenditures. Yet this approach blurred the boundary between legality and illegality and forced the authorities to severely punish soldiers and unorganized “roaming braves” (youyong 游勇) through the informal procedure of summary execution. Although the practice of summary execution helped the authorities to overcome the lack of judicial resources and suppress the threats in an efficient manner, it also evaded central authority over death penalty and enhanced political intervention in the judicial process. The extensive use of this punishment created a space for not only the state but also regional authorities and local forces to manipulate judicial expediency and the death penalty. It also led to the rise of what I call the “economy of punishment”—the spread and distribution of penal resources related to crime and violence. This trend shifted the practice of Chinese death penalty toward a system where routinized and exceptional, centralized and decentralized, and formal and informal forces consistently negotiated judicial expediency and mutually shaped one another. More importantly, it reveals that a series of significant reforms predated the Westernization of law and continued to influence Chinese criminal justice during the first half of the twentieth century.
Arts, Faculty of
Asian Studies, Department of
Graduate
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Schock, Mark P. "Summary justice: the price of treason for eight World War II German prisoners of war." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/3974.

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This work is the story of the murder of Werner Drechsler, a German Navy prisoner of war, at the POW camp in Papago Park, Arizona in March 1944. Drechsler had aided his American captors in trying to glean military information from other German Navy POWs at the Fort Hunt, Virginia interrogation center. He was recognized almost immediately upon his arrival at Papago Park, and was murdered the very night he arrived. His killers were also German Navy POWs, whose identity was unknown until a special U. S. Army investigatory board uncovered their identities. Questions remain as to the methods employed by investigators, working on the periphery of that board, to eventually acquire confessions from the seven men responsible for Drechsler’s death. Opinions vary as to the fairness of the court martial which condemned these men to death for their part in the murder. Opinions likewise vary as to the level of culpability of the U. S. Army for Drechsler’s death. The National Archives possesses thousands of pages of documents relating to Drechsler’s activities at Fort Hunt, the reaction of both the German POWS at Papago Park and the U.S. Army to the murder, and to the investigation into the killing. The U. S. Army Court of Criminal Appeals holds the trial transcript and related papers. These documents are often confusing and contradictory. An examination into these sources reveals allegations of coercion employed to gain the confessions, which constitute the only evidence presented against the accused seven men. The sources also reveal that U.S. Army personnel could, and probably should, have prevented the killing from ever taking place. Ultimately, they reveal yet another tragedy of war.
Thesis (M.A.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Dept. of History.
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Lewis, Samuel. "Cultivating Youth Earth Connections Summer Internship Program (YEC): A Hands-on Environmental Justice Focused Farming Program at the High School Level." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/115.

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YEC’s main goal was to open dialogue with high school students from under resourced communities about environmental injustices and to create and explore positive alternatives. The summer program, which was funded by the 2010 Davis Projects for Peace and the Pomona College Summer Undergraduate Research Project Award, included a group of 11 high school students from Pomona, Montclair, La Puente, and Chino Hills, CA. The students were paid to participate in the program for 6 weeks in the summer of 2010, five days a week, for 30 hours each week. The program was designed to consistently connect movements for food and environmental justice with the farming work that we did. Priscilla Bassett and I led this program in partnership. Priscilla is a student at Scripps College, where she pursues a major in Environmental Analysis with a focus on race, class, and gender. This paper includes many sections. First, it briefly outlines and defines environmental injustice, food injustice, the industrial food system, the Inland Empire, and systems of domination and oppression as issues which motivated the creation of YEC. I then discuss my positionality as a white, class privileged, educated, man working with Priscilla, a black woman, and predominantly first generation low-income high school students of color. After this, I discuss how and why the work of bell hooks, Pablo Freire, and the Food Project was influential as Priscilla and I formed a teaching style. Then, I briefly I talk about the grant writing process for YEC and I outline the process by which Priscilla and I recruited and selected the interns we worked with. I summarize the program’s activities day by and then include responses to surveys which the YEC interns completed on a weekly basis. I use the results of these surveys to suggest that experiential urban farming programs at the high school level can connect high school students with issues of environmentalism and social justice and can motivate them to take action against the industrial food system and the environmental injustices they see and experience around them.
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Beestermöller, Gerhard. "Thomas von Aquin und der gerechte Krieg : Friedensethik im theologischen Kontext der Summa Theologiae /." Köln : J.P. Bachem, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35699880t.

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Naslednikov, Wladimir. "Naissance et développement du concept de crime contre l’humanité." Artois, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ARTO0301.

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Le concept de crime contre l’humanité ne peut être compris comme une simple notion juridique. L’étude de ce concept passe par cinq termes : le psychique, le juridique, l’historique, le politique, le philosophique. Cicéron, saint Augustin, Vitoria, Érasme, Grotius construisent une doctrine millénaire de l’humanitas comme possibilité même du concept de crime contre l’humanité. La vulnérabilité absolue de l’être humain se traduit au 14ème siècle par le concept de Summa paupertas. La négation de la très haute pauvreté du Christ par le successeur de saint Pierre s’attribuant une Plénitude de puissance sur l’ensemble des hommes, est comprise par Guillaume d’Ockham (1285-1347) comme un crime contre l’humanité du Christ. Une deuxième figure du concept surgit sous la plume de Maximilien Robespierre écrivant son récit “ Sur les événements du 10 août 1792 ”. La clémence envers la royauté signifie un crime contre l’humanité du peuple. Le roi Louis XVI est qualifié de “ criminel envers l’humanité ”. La troisième figure du concept apparaît comme incrimination juridique lors du procès à Nuremberg (1945-1946) des criminels de guerre nazis du IIIème Reich. Le concept juridique et philosophique de crime contre l’humanité de l’homme signifie alors la chute du nazisme. La mémoire du lieu de Stalingrad et la mémoire du lieu de Treblinka se lient ensemble dans le concept de crime contre l’humanité. Avant Nuremberg, les procès turcs intervenus en 1919 contre certains des responsables de l’extermination du peuple arménien, après Nuremberg, le procès à Jérusalem d’Adolf Eichmann (1961), les procès en France de Klaus Barbie (1987), de Paul Touvier (1994), de Maurice Papon (1998), concrétisent le lien entre la destruction étatique d’un peuple et le crime contre l’humanité. La constitution d’un Tribunal pénal international (1993) pour juger les crimes commis dans l’ex-Yougoslavie, puis le génocide commis au Rwanda (1994), et la décision prise lors de la conférence de Rome (1998) de créer une Cour pénale Internationale à caractère permanent et à vocation universelle signifient l’institutionnalisation mondiale du concept de crime contre l’humanité
The concept of crime against humanity cannot be understood as a simple legal notion. The study of this concept passes through five terms : Psychology, Law, History, Politics, Philosophy. Ciceron, saint Augustine, Vitoria, Erasmus, Grotius, built up a millenary doctrine about Humanitas, introducing the future concept of crime against humanity. The absolute vulnerability of human being is expressed in the 14th century by the concept of Summa paupertas. The negation of the very high poverty of Christ, by the pope claming an absolute power upon mankind, is understood by Guillaume d’Ockham (1285-1347) as a crime against humanity of Christ. A second meaning of the concept is given by Maximilien Robespierre in his writings “ Sur les événements du 10 août 1792 ”. Clemency towards royalty means a crime against people humanity. The King Louis XVI is called a “ criminel envers l’humanité ”. The third meaning of the concept becomes a legal incrimination during Nuremberg Trials (1945-1946). The legal and philosophical concept of crime against mankind humanity means at this moment the fall of Nazism. Stalingrad remembrance and Treblinka remembrance are linked in the concept of crime against humanity. Turkish trials (1919) about armenian genocide, Eichmann trial (1961) in Jerusalem about jewish genocide, and french trials (Klaus Barbie, 1987, Paul Touvier, 1994, Maurice Papon, 1998), express connection between the State criminality against civilian population and the crime against humanity. The creation of an International Criminal Tribunal (1993) for ex-Yougoslavia and for Rwanda (1994), and the constitution of a permanent International Criminal Court decided in Rome (1998), mean the worldwide institutionalization of the concept of crime against humanity
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Pin-Chieh, Chen, and 陳品潔. "Russian moves straight justice and transferred meaning of the verb Chinese summary." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36790119539040067894.

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碩士
中國文化大學
俄國語文學研究所
94
Russian moves straight justice and transferred meaning of the verb Chinese summary Preface This thesis topic is booked for " straight justice and transferred meaning that Russian moves the verb ". Regard this as the motive of the topic of the thesis, describe it as follows: Move verbs and depict different movement ways in space , and the different semanteme structure characteristic to other general verbs. With　идти-ходить, ехать-ездить　these two groups of immature body verbs of motion are an example, and body is it connect with to imprison each other in antithesis relation , it is Russian that moves the main characteristic of verbs. From M.V. Lomonosov period begins, moving verbs becomes the main research object in scientific type of writing promptly. 19 Century includes A. H. Vostokov T. N. Pavskij N. I. Grech The linguists , such as вид ,etc. will move verbs and appraise to the special language phenomenon in the body category. However, study the family in modern grammar, including Russian academy of sciences with and other and scientific paper study specially, for move antithesis , verb of body and make up exposition of characteristic, and past scientific tradition have different view and fork meet. Except the cognition of the theory, move description of the verb , practice of foreign personage's Russian teaching, there are direct connections. So not Russian mother tongue personage, for looking like идти-ходить, ехать-ездить　such antithesis relations of идти-ходить, ехать-ездить, can't often grasp accurately ing and application . And not as the concept of the thing for other such as and thing , take the prefix prefix and move the meaning of deriving that verbs derives out, all study the urgency of this thesis and realistic meaning as us. 1. First, study the purpose : 2. The Russian antithesis relation and semanteme of moving the verb make up 3. Move combination with the verb which moves the meaning in the space as others of verb as the foundation in Russian, define its position lying in Russian vocabulary system 4. Describe Russian and move grammar nature of verbs , and special position in the body category Analyse in the concrete material that Russian moves the characteristics of the straight justice of verbs and semanteme structure of transferred meaning In the course of studying, we have adopted a large amount of modern Russian literary works. Having extracted over 800 sentences of instances from it, classify it systematizedly, it can be more clear to enable studying, have rationality even more. 1. Second, research approach: 2. Description 3. Analytic approach of the quantity 4. Analytic approach of the unity and coherence in writing Semanteme makes up the analytic approach. This thesis is from the preface , one to three chapters, subdivide into each small matter again in every chapter (in every chapter, adopt the example sentence and analyse the result summed up, do it for the centre structure of the whole thesis. ), the conclusion, and the bibliography enclosed finally makes up . In chapter one of the thesis, the backbone that we are studied Russian and moved the verb at first begins, define its vocabulary semanteme. Chapter one: Move the vocabulary semanteme system of the verb in modern Russian Chapter two: Russian moves the grammar characteristic of the verb Chapter three, the result of study one is revealed Title of thesis: Russian moves straight justice and transferred meaning of the verb Total pages:105 Key word:1.russian verbs of motion 2. straight justice and transferred meaning 3. russian grammar of verbs Name of lnstitute: Graduate Institute of Russian Language and Literature Chinese Culture University Graduate date:09 June 2006 Degree conferred: Master Name of student: Chen Pin-Chieh Advisor: Shoulga M.V.
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Samson, J. Jason. "CHANGING TACTICS: REHABILITATING CANADIAN JUSTICE FOR TRAUMATIZED VETERANS." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15358.

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This thesis examines how military members and veterans with Operational Stress Injuries are treated by Canadian justice systems. It suggests a correlation between mental injuries sustained on operations by military personnel and propensities for military and societal misconduct. By comparing civilian and military processes with American justice counterparts, a plan to improve the existing Canadian legal landscape is proposed. Using an analysis of the underlying philosophy and purpose of military justice, a problem solving diversionary court is recommended, along with legislative and policy amendments. The use of a consent-based “Treatment Standing Court Martial” would place military justice officials parallel to civilian justice alternative measures programs, and in a better position to break the cycle of recidivism among veterans by addressing root causes. Education to reduce stigma along with military-civilian partnerships are also advocated to enhance the detection of mental illness and to foster early treatment for military personnel and veterans. The overall goals of the work include: reducing recidivism, improving operational efficiency and taking care of military members, veterans and their families.
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Books on the topic "Summary justice"

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FAIRFAX, JOHN. SUMMARY JUSTICE. [S.l.]: ABACUS, 2017.

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Ward, Jenni. Transforming Summary Justice. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017. | Series:: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315727288.

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Robertshaw, Paul. Summary justice: Judges address juries. London: Cassell, 1998.

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Guillory, Lloyd J. Summary justice: A story of revenge. Bethel, CT: Rutledge Books, Inc., 1996.

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Bazemore, S. Gordon. Balanced and restorative justice: Program summary. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1994.

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Bazemore, S. Gordon. Balanced and restorative justice: Program summary. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1994.

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Bazemore, S. Gordon. Balanced and restorative justice: Program summary. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1994.

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Ligue des droits de l'homme de Toulouse, ed. Comparutions immédiates, quelle justice: Regards citoyens sur une justice au quotidien. Toulouse: Erès, 2012.

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Justice and Reconciliation Commission Kenya. Truth. Summary: Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission report. [Nairobi, Kenya]: Truth Justice and Reconciliation Commission, 2013.

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Halemba, Gregg. Arizona dual jurisdiction study: Executive summary. Pittsburgh, PA (3700 S. Water St., Suite 200, Pittsburgh 15203): National Center for Juvenile Justice, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Summary justice"

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Farmer, Clare. "Discretionary Summary Justice." In Discretionary Police Powers to Punish, 7–25. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8869-8_2.

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Steinl, Leonie. "Summary and Conclusions." In International Criminal Justice Series, 409–18. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-201-9_5.

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von Leyden, W. "Summary and Conclusion." In Aristotle on Equality and Justice, 106–15. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07737-3_5.

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Suhr, Valérie V. "Summary, Factual Consequences, and Recommendations." In International Criminal Justice Series, 387–95. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-483-9_11.

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Crowther, Chris, and Jo Campling. "Conclusions and Summary." In An Introduction to Criminology and Criminal Justice, 343–52. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-28517-1_15.

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Okonkwo, Eloamaka Carol. "Summary, conclusion, and recommendations." In Environmental Justice and Oil Pollution Laws, 235–47. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2020. |: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429273438-13.

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Yuan, Xiaoyu. "Case Summary and Description-Based Case Studies." In Restorative Justice in China, 87–105. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63922-2_5.

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van Wormer, Katherine Stuart, and Clemens Bartollas. "Summary and Trends for the Future." In Women and the Criminal Justice System, 459–64. 5th ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003173939-19.

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Barrera, Albino. "Summary and Conclusions: Distributive Justice in the Knowledge Economy." In Globalization and Economic Ethics, 209–19. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230609761_9.

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Greenberg, Michael. "Epilogue: Summary and Looking Forward." In Environmental & Social Justice Challenges Near America’s Most Popular Museums, Parks, Zoos & Other Heritage Attractions, 189–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08183-5_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Summary justice"

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Li, Yabo, Yanmei Deng, Zulong Li, and Yuxi Fan. "Summary of Research on Urban Commercial Fitness Space from the Perspective of Space Justice." In 2022 7th International Conference on Financial Innovation and Economic Development (ICFIED 2022). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220307.542.

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Milojević, Marija. "MEDIJACIJA KAO VRSTA USLUŽNE DELATNOSTI I KAO NAČIN REŠAVANjA SPORA U OKVIRU KRIVIČNOG POSTUPKA PREMA PUNOLETNIM UČINIOCIMA KRIVIČNIH DELA." In XV Majsko savetovanje: Sloboda pružanja usluga i pravna sigurnost. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xvmajsko.857m.

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In this paper, the author presents mediation as a service activity in the criminal proceedings on the one hand, and as a way of resolving disputes on the other. Mediation has not been examined so far, and the author, being aware that we live in the 21st century which is called the century of services and service justice, and for a good reason, analyzes introduction of this type of service into the system of criminal law which traditionally represents a branch of public law and is distinguished by ius cogens norms. Mediation is viewed and analyzed as a way of resolving disputes in criminal proceedings with its significance emphasized through broad application in comparative law and through international standards in that field. Furthermore, an overview of the provisions on the mediation procedure in the applicable criminal procedure legislation is given. In the Code of Criminal Procedure, mediation is regulated in the framework of the provisions on summary proceedings conducted under a private lawsuit.
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Sui, Xin, Yifan Yu, and Liu Huhui. "Measurement of spatial equity : a case study of nursing institution." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/bgdi1793.

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Equity and justice have always been important norms in the field of urban planning. With the gradual deepening of understanding of residential environment, the research context of equity and justice related to location is becoming more and more sophisticated. Recently, varieties of subjects Including Public Health and Geography focus on the inequity of public resources in spatial distribution and how to measure the degree of this gap. In general, the mainstream measurement methods can be summarized into two categories: (1) The description of phenomenon caused by the spatial inequities, and accessibility is a typical method of this type. (2) the direct quantification of inequity, such as Gink Coefficient which is originated from the economics field and introduced into the measurement of health equity, and Getis-Ord General G, together with Moran’ index is the most commonly method used into the general spatial autocorrelation. In this paper, based on the overall literature review of the concept of equity in the study using these methods and a summary of their specific context of the measurement using, nursing institution in Shanghai, China are regarded as a typical case to practice these methods and compare the differences in using. Meantime, the impact of the politics and planning related to this special facility is also been considered. Results show that, accessibility of nursing institution among elderly groups is much different under different research distance, and the overall trend seems like the research units in suburb appears higher accessibility than those in highly urbanized area. And Gink Coefficient helps us determine the proportion of the elderly population in different reachable areas in Shanghai is within a reasonable range. However, Global Moran’ index provide reliable evidence that the existence of the aggregation combined by the high-value units. It indicates that there are inequities among the distribution of aged-nursing resources, and Local Moran I （LISA）help us to find the specific boundaries of these areas. In general, in the study of the equity related to location, accessibility can only reflect the differences phenomenon in distribution, but it is not clear to describe this gap to what extent, and it’s difficult to achieve the possibility of comparison among different periods and different subjects. The Gini coefficient often focuses on the unfairness of the distribution of people, but ignored the aggregation characteristics of the spatial dimension, which the analysis of spatial autocorrelation can make up. All these methods proved that it’s necessary to consider both the spatial distribution of supply and demand. And the discussion about equity related to location should be strictly qualified in study.
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4

Gutbrod, Max. "Challenges for Democratic State Budget Organization." In The XX International Scientific Conference "Functioning of Investments Financed from State Resources and from Other Sources in The Countries of Central And Eastern Europe". Temida 2, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/ipf.2022.02.

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This thought piece is to, at a high level, address modern challenges to the manner budgets are organized in democratic states. To my mind, those challenges are manyfold and interlinked. Therefore, addressing them is dependent on an understanding of all of them. Clearly, each of the mentioned challenges in itself is intricate and deserves detailed attention. In order for the mentioned interlinks and the need for a succinct reduction of complex issues to succinct metrics become plausible I have chosen to here address the mentioned challenges from a high level and risking to not give justice to detail relevant to every of them. I find this appropriate in particular because of the tendency of intricate issues to be detailed and thereby even more difficult to understand. The discussion below shall start with taking positions of two key moments in history which, I think, are characteristic for the formation of budget rules. This historical review is followed by a discussion on how to ensure the most fundamental of relevant metrics, namely the money value that is the most obvious fundament for a population to usefully budget issues given that a majority of which will not consist of specialists that can quickly detect what is relevant about issues, and discussions around the Euro will be reviewed. Further, the consequences of state commitments to combat n against climate change having added a new type of obligations to be dealt with by state will be discussed. Finally, the consequences of states having taken substantial commitments to support investments, be it in renewable energy, be it in innovation at large, and the need having emerged to address flexible of targets will be discussed, and a summary drawn.
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Drventić, Martina. "COVID-19 CHALLENGES TO THE CHILD ABDUCTION PROCEEDINGS." In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18323.

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While creating a new notion of everyday life, the COVID-19 pandemic also affects the resolution of cross-border family disputes, including the international child abduction cases. The return of an abducted child to the country of his or her habitual residence is challenged by travel restrictions, international border closures, quarantine measures, but also by closed courts or cancelled hearings. Those new circumstances that befell the whole world underline two issues considering child abduction proceedings. The first one considers access to justice in terms of a mere possibility of the applicant to initiate the return proceeding and, where the procedure is initiated, in terms of the manner of conducting the procedure. The legislation requires a quick initiation and a summary resolution of child abduction proceedings, which is crucial to ensuring the best interests and well-being of a child. This includes the obligation of the court to hear both the child and the applicant. Secondly, it is to be expected that COVID-19 will be used as a reason for child abduction and increasingly as justification for issuing non-return orders seen as a “grave risk” to the child under Article 13(1)(b) of the Child Abduction Convention. By analysing court practice from the beginning of the pandemic in March 2020 to March 2021, the research will investigate how the pandemic has affected child abduction proceedings in Croatia. Available national practice of other contracting states will also be examined. The aim of the research is to evaluate whether there were obstacles in accessing the national competent authorities and courts during the COVID-19 pandemic, and in which manner the courts conducted the proceedings and interpreted the existence of the pandemic in the context of the grave risk of harm exception. The analyses of Croatian and other national practices will be used to gain an overall insight into the effectiveness of the emerging guidance and suggest their possible broadening in COVID-19 circumstances or any other future crises.
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Kirk, R. Gordon, and Wen Jeng Chen. "Calibration of a Design Tool for Dynamic Characteristics of Gas Labyrinth Seals." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-65221.

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The analysis of all critical path high pressure machinery must include the account of the influence of the gas labyrinth seals. This paper reviews the prior work on labyrinth seal analysis starting in the 1980’s. The discussion gives a summary of the calibration of the bulk flow analysis to CFD results for a number of conditions. The calibration process was conducted over the last decade and the current paper presents the key results needed to justify the use of this bulk flow analysis for design of machinery with bladed labyrinth seals. A new design tool is discussed with illustrations of the type of seals that can be studied. The dynamic characteristics calculated using the labyrinth seal program can be used in rotordynamic analysis programs to predict the change in system stability produced by the gas labyrinth seals.
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Berkowitz, Benjamin, and Madhavan L. Raghavan. "Neurovascular 3D: A Virtual Interface for Creating Aneurysms in a Population-Average Intracranial Arterial Network Model." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80814.

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The head and neck vasculature is a multi-arterial network that includes the Circle of Willis and numerous afferent and efferent vessels. After diagnosis, an intracranial aneurysm’s location within this vasculature has important implications for the management of the patient — to treat or not, treatment modality and approach, potential for complications, etc. Location can also have important implications for large population research studies designed to test hypotheses on risk factors for growth and rupture such as that by the International study of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (ISUIA). Currently, aneurysm location is communicated by vessel names among healthcare professionals (e.g., between a neuroradiologist and an interventionalist) and at best using codes among research personnel. But this may not do full justice to all aspects of aneurysm location. For instance, information such as proximity to the syphon of the internal carotid artery (ICA) or the orientation at a vessel junction (e.g., is the aneurysm along or opposite to the branching vessel) may be of importance, but rarely recorded in objective ways in the clinic or in the lab. The objective of this study was to develop a software interface (Neurovascular 3D) for recording the characteristics of patients’ aneurysms for use in large-scale scientific studies, and for efficient communication among clinical personnel about the aneurysm’s location and baseline characteristics. Capabilities in the interface would need to include the ability to record precisely within an idealized 3D model, the location, orientation, size and some aspects of aneurysm shape, as well as the ability to review and edit their created models in real time.
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Hamarashid, Mariwan, Abdul Abdalla, and Hama Rashid. "Using The Doctrine of Determinism to Guide Policy in The Umayyad Caliphate"." In REFORM AND POLITICAL CHANGE. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp275-285.

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All political authorities to strengthen the pillars of their power rely on a set of foundations and principles in order to justify their strength and ability. Likewise, the Umayyads wanted to use various methods, especially if we knew that the Umayyad's opponents were strong in terms of their legitimacy and personality, because they were from the family of the Messenger of God. This is what made the Umayyads to search for legitimacy. One of the techniques they used is the ideas of determinism and political determinism. And the summery of the idea is, that man is a transcendent power and it is God who imposed everything on them, as well as the Umayyad's political and authority rule within that inevitable scope, so the people must accept it, and submit to it, because their authority was derived from God. To impose this idea, the Umayyads benefited from the roots of that idea that is prevalent among Muslims and had many followers who defended it.
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Raut, Samarth S., Peng Liu, Anirban Jana, and Ender A. Finol. "Aortic Wall Mechanics: A Geometry-Driven Problem." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53917.

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Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is a vascular disease that occurs predominantly in people over 60 years of age. The rupture of an AAA is a catastrophic event associated with up to a 90% mortality rate. Hence, it is important for vascular surgeons to justify the risk of repair vis-à-vis the risk of aneurysm rupture. In clinical practice, rupture risk assessment is based on measuring the maximum aneurysm diameter where 5.5 cm is accepted as the critical size for recommending (surgical or endovascular) intervention. However, this criterion is based on an extensive history of evidence-based medicine rather than an individualized assessment of the aneurysm’s potential to rupture. Primary among the biomechanical factors associated with the rupture assessment of an AAA is mechanical wall stress, which is dependent on the accuracy of the geometry reconstruction, intraluminal pressure loading and the constitutive material model used for the aortic wall. We hypothesize that in unruptured, asymptomatic AAA, the wall mechanics is the outcome of primarily the patient specific aneurysm shape and to a lesser extent, the constitutive material property model used to characterize the vascular wall. Evaluating the relative contributions of wall material properties and AAA geometry to wall mechanics estimation will increase our understanding of the factors that influence peak wall stress as an indicator for rupture risk assessment. In the present work, we evaluate the aforementioned hypothesis using a size-matched approach.
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Parra-Santos, Teresa, José M. Molina Jordá, Gabriel Luna-Sandoval, Mariano Cacho-Perez, and J. Rubén Pérez. "Learning by Doing on Computational Fluid Dynamics." In ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2016-7504.

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This work involves the methodology used in the University of Valladolid for Mechanical Engineering students to learn Computational Fluid Dynamics playing an active role. Students pretend to be engineers in a consulting or design office carrying out a fluid mechanics scale down projects. Later they act as reviewers evaluating a project from a colleague. There is a deeper understanding of the topic when they need to discuss the strategies to accomplish the project, to write a technical report and finally to justify the evaluation of other works. Furthermore, they develop their critical thought, writing skills and synthesis capacity. Multimedia material from other institutions that review the concepts learned in the course can be a suitable way to improve the understanding of concepts.
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