Academic literature on the topic 'Sumo wrestlers'

In sumo wrestling, a traditional sport in Japan, many wrestlers suffer from injuries through bouts. In 2019, an average of 5.2 out of 42 wrestlers in the top division of professional sumo wrestling were absent in each grand sumo tournament due to injury. As the number of injury occurrences increases, professional sumo wrestling becomes less interesting for sumo fans, requiring systems to prevent future occurrences. Statistical injury prediction is a useful way to communicate the risk of injuries for wrestlers and their coaches. However, the existing statistical methods of injury prediction are not always accurate because they do not consider the long-term effects of injuries. Here, we propose a statistical model of injury occurrences for sumo wrestlers. The proposed model provides the estimated probability of the next potential injury occurrence for a wrestler. In addition, it can support making a risk-based injury prevention scenario for wrestlers. While a previous study modeled injury occurrences by using the Poisson process, we model it by using the Hawkes process to consider the long-term effect of injuries. The proposed model can also be applied to injury prediction for athletes of other sports.

Purpose: on the basis of the analysis of competitive activity, make a comparative analysis of the technical and tactical arsenal of men and women in sumo. Material and methods. The following methods were used to solve the research problems: analysis of scientific and methodological information and Internet networks, generalization of best practical experience, analysis of protocols and video recordings of fights of amateur sumo wrestlers, the method of mathematical statistics. An analysis of 48 fights at the 2022 World Games in Birmingham (USA) was conducted. The final and semi-final bouts of amateur sumo wrestlers were analyzed (24 bouts for men and women each). Results: based on the analysis of scientific and methodical information, Internet sources and the generalization of best practical experience, it was established that the problem of analyzing competitive activity and determining the main technical and tactical actions of sumo wrestlers is relevant for conducting research. The analysis of the competitive activity of amateur sumo wrestlers allowed us to identify 21 technical and tactical actions that were carried out at the 2022 World Games in Birmingham (USA): Asitori (4,3 % of all tehnical and tactical actions), Watashikome (2,2 %), Isamiashi (4,3 %), Yorikiri (23,9 %), Yoritaoshi (2,2 %), Kimedashi (2,2 %), Kotenage (4,3 %), Okuridashi (2,2 %), Osidashi (10,9 %), Ositaoshi (4,3 %), Okurihikiotoshi (2,2 %), Sitatenage (4,3 %), Sotokomata (2,2 %), Sukuinage (4,3 %), Uwatenage (4,3 %), Uwatehineri (2,2 %), Hatakikomi (2,2 %), Hikyotoshi (8,8 %), Tsukidashi (2,2 %), Tsukyotoshi (4,3 %), Tsuridashi (2,2 % of all tehnical and tactical actions). Conclusions. It was established that amateur sumo wrestlers used only 26,25 % of technical and tactical actions from the entire arsenal of sumo wrestling in the final and semi-final bouts. So, male sumo wrestlers performed 17,50 %, and female sumo wrestlers – 15,00 % of techniques from the entire technical and tactical arsenal. The main technical and tactical actions performed by men and women in sumo wrestling are determined. The most common technique performed by all sumo wrestlers was yorikiri, men performed it 6 times (26,5 %), and women - 5 times (21,7 %). The obtained data indicate the importance of the technical and tactical preparation of athletes as a factor that determines success in sumo wrestling

Purpose: based on the analysis of competitive activity to establish the technical and tactical arsenal of professional sumo wrestlers. Material and methods. To solve the problems of the study, the following methods were used: analysis of scientific and methodological information and Internet networks, generalization of best practices, analysis of protocols and video recordings of professional sumo wrestlers, method of mathematical statistics. The 290 fights of the June 2022 tournament of the highest division of Makuuti, which took place in Nagoya (Japan), were analyzed. Results: based on the analysis of scientific and methodological information, Internet sources and generalization of best practices, it was found that the problem of analyzing competitive activity and determining the main technical and tactical actions of sumo wrestlers is relevant for the study. The analysis of the competitive activity of professional sumo wrestlers at the June 2022 tournament of the highest division of Makuuti made it possible to identify 25 main technical and tactical actions (TTD) that are most often used: Oshidashi (23,89 % of all TTD), Yorikiri (22,79 %), Hatakikomi (11,39 %), Tsukiotoshi (5,51 %), Tsukiidashi (4,77 %), Uwatenage (4,41 %), hikiotoshi (4,04 %), okuridashi (3,68 %), oshitaoshi (3,31 %), yoritaoshi (2,57 %), kotenage (2,21 %), uwatenedashinage (1,84 %), shitatenage (1,84 %), tottari (1,47 %), asitori (1,10 %), abisetaoshi (0,74 %), watashikome (0,74 %), kimedashi (0,74 %), sukuinage (0,74 %), hikakke (0,37 %), sotogake (0,37 %), kubihineri (0,37 %), kekayeshi (0,37 %), katasukashi (0,37 %), kakenage (0,37 %). Conclusions. It was found that professional sumo wrestlers used only 31,25 % of technical and tactical actions from the entire arsenal of sumo wrestling. Most of all, sumo wrestlers performed technical and tactical actions from the classification group of kihonwaza (86 % of all techniques included in this classification group), then from nagete (46 %), tokushuwaza (29 %), kakete (22 %) and hinerite (21 %). No technical and tactical actions were carried out in the Sorite classification group. The obtained data indicate the importance of technical and tactical preparedness of athletes as a factor determining the success in sumo wrestling.

Background: Sumo has long been a traditional sport in Japan and is rapidly attracting enthusiasts abroad. Sumo wrestling entails a risk of impact to the cervical spine during an initial charge. Few reports are available in the English-language literature regarding radiological changes in the cervical spine in sumo wrestlers. Purpose: To examine radiological changes in the cervical spine in freshmen collegiate sumo wrestlers. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 53 freshmen sumo wrestlers (age, 18-19 years) who belonged to the Japan Sumo Federation underwent routine radiographic examination of the cervical spine and completed questionnaires on cervical symptoms. Results: Of the 53 wrestlers, 81% showed loss of lordosis, 45% showed osteophyte formation (mainly at C3-C4), 11% showed disc space narrowing (mainly at C5-C6), and 51% showed narrowing of the cervical nerve root foramina (mainly at C3-C4). Fifty-one percent had some cervical symptoms. A correlation was found between deformity of the cervical bodies (such as intervertebral disc ballooning) and cervical symptoms, but no correlation was found between cervical degenerative changes and cervical symptoms. Conclusion: Our data suggest that loss of lordosis, osteophyte formation, and narrowing of the cervical nerve root foramina at C3-C4 were frequently present in freshmen wrestlers and may be due to the axial load incurred prior to their collegiate careers.

Jones fractures sometimes occur in athletes and are known to have complications, such as nonunion, delayed union, and recurrence, even with treatment. We describe three cases of Jones fractures in sumo wrestlers with treatment-related difficulties. All patients discontinued treatment at their own discretion. The two conservative cases had nonunion or delayed union, and the operative case had a broken screw. However, all patients continued sumo wrestling, with little impact on their careers. The risk factors of Jones fractures in sumo wrestling may be heavy weight, and training or competition characteristics unique to sumo wrestling. In cases of a complete Jones fracture, operative treatment is most commonly selected, as the risk for nonunion or refractures is less than that for conservative treatment. However, in the case of sumo wrestlers, there are risks of infection and problems with treatment compliance. As taking a rest may result in a lowered rank, completing a sufficient duration of treatment is difficult. Treatment is difficult and controversial in sumo wrestlers; all three patients discontinued treatment of their own accord. These cases suggest that it is important to thoroughly inform sumo wrestlers of the treatment options, and to decide the most appropriate treatment method for each patient.

[Purpose] Exercise is a key factor in preventing obesity and metabolic syndrome. Sumo wrestlers increase their body size from childhood for athletic advantage; however, the risk of metabolic syndrome in junior sumo wrestlers is undetermined. Preventive measures against pediatric obesity should be initiated during childhood to prevent obesity in adulthood, considering its high global incidence. We comparatively evaluated the risk factors for metabolic syndrome in junior sumo wrestlers and children with obesity.[Methods] We enrolled 70 male children (age 9–17 years [sumo group, n = 14] and 9–14 years [other sports and non-exercise groups, n = 28 each]) and evaluated their anthropometric parameters (height, weight, body mass index z-score, obesity rate, waist circumference, waist to height ratio) and hematological parameters (total, low-density, high-density, and non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; triglycerides; plasma glucose, and glycated hemoglobin levels).[Results] The BMI z-score, obesity rate, waist circumference (p < 0.05, along with the non-exercise group), and systolic blood pressure were significantly higher and the high-density cholesterol level was lower in the sumo group than in the other sports group (p < 0.05). The waist to height ratio was significantly higher in the non-exercise group than in the other sports group (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in other blood lipid, plasma glucose (significantly lower level than the reference range in the sumo group, p < 0.05), and glycated hemoglobin (within the reference range in all groups) levels among the three groups.[Conclusion] Junior sumo wrestlers had a larger body size and higher blood pressure than children with obesity who exercised regularly. This provides direction for future research into targeted preventive interventions against metabolic syndrome for junior sumo wrestlers with large body size.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most common traumatic injuries in professional sumo wrestlers. Further, ipsilateral reinjuries or contralateral ACL injuries after ACL reconstruction can occur in sumo wrestlers. The incidence of ipsilateral reinjury and contralateral ACL injury after ACL reconstruction ranges from 3% to 13% in a healthy athletic population. Purpose: To investigate the current status of second ACL injuries after ACL reconstruction in sumo wrestlers. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Between 1988 and 2015, a total of 139 primary ACL reconstructions were performed in professional sumo wrestlers at our hospital. After exclusion of cases of multiple ligament knee reconstruction and patients in whom the contralateral ACL had been injured previously, 110 cases were included in this study. We investigated the number of second injuries, time from primary reconstruction to second injury, treatment method, and change in official sumo ranking after second injuries. The chi-square test, Student t test, and Fisher exact text were used for statistical analysis. Results: Among 110 wrestlers who underwent ACL reconstruction, second injuries after primary ACL reconstruction occurred in 22 cases (20.0%). Among them, 14 cases (12.7%) entailed ipsilateral reinjury, 11 (10.0%) entailed contralateral injury, and 3 involved combined rerupture and contralateral injury. As for surgical treatment, 5 revision ACL reconstructions were performed for ipsilateral reinjury (35.7%), and 7 ACL reconstructions were performed for contralateral injury (63.6%). Surgical treatment was not performed for the remaining cases. Wrestlers who were treated by revision or contralateral ACL reconstruction after the second injury were demoted in rank for 3 to 4 tournaments but overtook the nonoperative treatment group in ranking by 2 years postoperatively; all athletes initially were demoted in rank after the second injury. Conclusion: This study is the first to investigate instances of ipsilateral reinjuries and contralateral ACL injuries after ACL reconstruction in professional athletes in heavyweight combat sports. The incidences of ipsilateral reinjury and contralateral ACL injury after ACL reconstruction in professional sumo wrestlers were relatively higher than those reported in previous studies.

This article examines an early example of martial arts performance in Australia occasioned by the tour of – purportedly – the first team of sumo wrestlers to leave Japan. By examining the performances and reception of the Japanese sumo wrestlers against the backdrop of international political relations, which included the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–5, this study contributes to our understanding of the transnational circulation of the martial arts on popular stages, and to our understanding of the circus as a politically dynamic site that nurtured performative transnational encounters. The case of the sumo wrestlers reveals, furthermore, ways in which the popular stage of the circus worked to undermine negative racial stereotypes prevalent in Australia's homeland culture.