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Journal articles on the topic 'Sunlight radiation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Del Giudice, Stephen M., and James K. Gerstley. "Sunlight-Induced Radiation Recall." International Journal of Dermatology 27, no. 6 (1988): 415–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1988.tb02393.x.

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2

Leigh, Andrea, John D. Close, Marilyn C. Ball, Katharina Siebke, and Adrienne B. Nicotra. "Research note: Leaf cooling curves: measuring leaf temperature in sunlight." Functional Plant Biology 33, no. 5 (2006): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp05300.

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Despite the obvious benefits of using thermography under field conditions, most infrared studies at the leaf level are generally conducted in the laboratory. One reason for this bias is that accuracy can potentially be compromised in sunlight because reflected radiation from the leaf might affect the calculation of the temperature measurement. We have developed a method for measuring leaf temperature in sunlight by using thermal imagery to generate cooling curves from which the time constant for cooling, τ, can be calculated. The original temperature of the sunlit leaf may be determined by ext
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3

Hu, Wei Tong, Yu Xuan Zhang, Liang Yu, Wang Sheng Liu, and Li Guo Fan. "Temperature Sensor Anti-Sunlight Radiation Shield Material." Advanced Materials Research 557-559 (July 2012): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.557-559.324.

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During the day, the air absorption of solar radiation is weaker than either of the temperature sensing element. At night, the infrared radiation of the air capacity and weaker than either of the temperature on the surface of the sensing element.The measured values of the components of any direct exposure to the air temperature during the day the system is higher than the actual temperature at night is lower than the actual temperature. To avoid this radiation error of temperature measurement devices to take effective radiation shielding measures. The thermometer screen is one of them, widely i
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Perovich, Donald K. "Sunlight, clouds, sea ice, albedo, and the radiative budget: the umbrella versus the blanket." Cryosphere 12, no. 6 (2018): 2159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2159-2018.

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Abstract. The surface radiation budget of the Arctic Ocean plays a central role in summer ice melt and is governed by clouds and surface albedo. I calculated the net radiation flux for a range of albedos under sunny and cloudy skies and determined the break-even value, where the net radiation is the same for cloudy and sunny skies. Break-even albedos range from 0.30 in September to 0.58 in July. For snow-covered or bare ice, sunny skies always result in less radiative heat input. In contrast, leads always have, and ponds usually have, more radiative input under sunny skies than cloudy skies. S
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Yang, Wen Xiong, and Xiao Zhi Wang. "Radiation and Sunlight Greenhouse Light Environment Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 716-717 (December 2014): 479–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.479.

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This paper outlines the research status of solar radiation at home and abroad, it discusses the weather cloud, greenhouse covering materials and other factors on the effect of light greenhouse environment, at the same time it summarizes the initial results of light greenhouse environment model simulation research, it also points out the research direction of unsolved problems and future on the light greenhouse environment, we consider the sunlight greenhouse with guidance and reference from the angle of light environmental.
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6

Austin, Craig N., and Wayne F. Wilcox. "Effects of Sunlight Exposure on Grapevine Powdery Mildew Development." Phytopathology® 102, no. 9 (2012): 857–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-07-11-0205.

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Natural and artificially induced shade increased grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) severity in the vineyard, with foliar disease severity 49 to 75% higher relative to leaves in full sun, depending on the level of natural shading experienced and the individual experiment. Cluster disease severities increased by 20 to 40% relative to those on check vines when ultraviolet (UV) radiation was filtered from sunlight reaching vines in artificial shading experiments. Surface temperatures of leaves in full sunlight averaged 5 to 8°C higher than those in natural shade, and in one experiment, f
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Chen, Cheng, Xi Min Ji, Guang Xian Zhang, Feng Xiu Zhang, and Hui Zheng. "Preparing Gambiered Guangdong Silk with Ultraviolet Radiation and Normal Mud/Fe2+." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 1358–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.1358.

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in order that Gambiered Guangdong Silk can be made in normal area with modern technology, the ultraviolet radiation light was instead of sunlight, normal mud/Fe2+ was instead of Pearl River mud. The Gambiered Guangdong Silk was prepared by ultraviolet radiation light and normal mud/Fe2+. The result showed that ultraviolet radiation light and normal mud/Fe2+ could produce Gambiered Guangdong Silk. The color of silk fabric made by ultraviolet radiation light and normal mud/Fe2+ was almost same as that of silk fabric made by sunlight and Pearl River mud. The thickness of silk fabric made by ultra
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8

Mohammed, Forqan, and Khalid M. Mousa. "Comparative Studied of Degradation of Textile Brilliant Reactive Red Dye Using H2O2, TiO2, UV and Sunlight." Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences 22, no. 1 (2019): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29194/njes.22010031.

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In this study sunlight and UV radiation were used to compare the efficiency of decolorization of textile wastewater containing brilliant reactive red dye K-2BP (λmax = 534 nm) by the advanced oxidation process (AOP) using (H2O2/sunlight, H2O2/UV, H2O2/TiO2/sunlight, and H2O2/TiO2/UV). The results studied the effect of solution pH, applied H2O2 concentration, TiO2 concentration (nanoparticle), and initial dye concentration were studied. The experimental results showed that decolorization percentage with H2O2/sunlight and TiO2/H2O2/sunlight under the following conditions: - reaction time 150 of
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9

Prado, Rhaíssa, Filipe Soares Bertges, Sônia Aparecida Figueiredo, Maria José Vieira Fonseca, Guilherme Diniz Tavares, and Fernanda Maria Vilela. "Photostability of commercial sunscreens upon sunlight exposure." HU Revista 46 (August 17, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2020.v46.28819.

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Introduction: The use of sunscreens is recommended to reduce skin damage and prevent skin cancer. However, evidence has shown that sunscreen can undergo degradation processes induced by ultraviolet (UV) radiation which can lead to reduction or loss of photoprotective capacity, generation of free radicals and toxic intermediates which react with skin structures generating biological damage. Objective: To evaluate the photostability of four sunscreen formulations with Sun Protection Factor (SPF) 30 added by different chemical and physical UV filters. Material and Methods: Each product was expose
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10

Nowicka, Grażyna. "Promieniowanie słoneczne a witamina D i nowotwory skóry." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 6, no. 1 (2008): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2008.6.1.01.

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Solar radiation is a part of the environment of man. Ultraviolet В radiation in required for the biosynthesis of vitamin D, which is generally associated with calcium metabolism and significantly influences a wide range of metabolic systems, therefore, has a strong influence on human health. However, exposure to sunlight carries potential risks to human health. Ultraviolet radiation is a known carcinogen and excessive sunlight exposure significantly increases risk of skin cancer.
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11

Yang, Wen Xiong, and Xiao Zhi Wang. "Research on Test of Sunlight Greenhouse Illumination Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 716-717 (December 2014): 509–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.509.

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This paper uses total radiation instrument and scattered radiation instruments to test illumination irradiance in the center point of sunshine greenhouse, and compares the test data with the software model predicted data, the results show that: the radiation of fine day indoor sunshine greenhouse is generally larger than that in cloudy. The average values in fine day of outdoor observation value, outdoor simulation value, indoor observation value, indoor simulation value are 347.6, 292.3, 153.8 and 151.7, while that in cloudy day are 261.1, 262.7, 110.2and 123.9. The trend of total indoor radi
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12

van der Leun, J. C. "UV radiation from sunlight: summary, conclusions and recommendations." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 35, no. 3 (1996): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1011-1344(95)07188-1.

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13

Yang, Chun-Ming, Huifeng Gong, Chang-Hsien Hsu, and Chi-Yuan Chen. "Performance Assessment for Sunlight Radiation Resistant Coating Manufacturers." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 569 (August 9, 2019): 022010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/569/2/022010.

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14

Marshall, Jacqueline E., and Scott N. Byrne. "Does sunlight protect us from cancer?" Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 16, no. 3 (2017): 416–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6pp00332j.

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The Ultraviolet (UV) radiation contained in sunlight is a powerful mutagen and immune suppressant which partly explains why exposure to solar UV is the biggest risk factor for the development of cutaneous tumours.
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15

Fonseca, Maria João, and Fernando Tavares. "The Bactericidal Effect of Sunlight." American Biology Teacher 73, no. 9 (2011): 548–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2011.73.9.8.

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Sunlight is required for vital biological processes. However, solar ultraviolet radiation can have a detrimental impact on living organisms, by acting as a natural mutagenic agent. With this activity, intended for middle school and high school, we propose a simple hands-on experiment to investigate the bactericidal effect of sunlight. The activity provides appealing visual results and opportunities for extension of inquiry. Procedural instructions, discussion topics, and assessment suggestions are detailed.
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16

DeLuca, H. F., and L. Plum. "UVB radiation, vitamin D and multiple sclerosis." Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 16, no. 3 (2017): 411–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6pp00308g.

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17

Ogunrotimi, Damilola Grace, and Joshua Kayode. "Morpho-physiological response of Solanum macrocarpon L. seedlings to different light intensities." Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences 5, no. 10 (2018): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21472/bjbs.051024.

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Seedlings of Solanum macrocarpon L. were transplanted into experimental pots containing 3 kg soil and placed under different levels of solar radiation to investigate their response to light intensities. The growth parameters revealed that seedlings under direct sunlight performed better than the ones under shade of mesh net. The plants growing under the shade had stunted growth and were highly susceptible to leaf abscission compared to those under direct sunlight which produced healthy stem and sturdy leaves. This could suggest S. macrocarpon possess higher tolerance to solar radiation. Howeve
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18

KUMAR, PRASHANT, K. S. SUBRAHMANYAM, and C. N. R. RAO. "GRAPHENE PRODUCED BY RADIATION-INDUCED REDUCTION OF GRAPHENE OXIDE." International Journal of Nanoscience 10, no. 04n05 (2011): 559–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x11008824.

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Effect of irradiation on graphene oxide by sunlight, UV light and KrF excimer laser has been investigated in detail. Both sunlight and ultraviolet light reduce graphene oxide well after prolonged irradiation, but laser irradiation produces graphene with negligible oxygen functionalities within a short time. Laser irradiation is also useful for one-step synthesis of metal particle decorated graphene. Laser irradiation of graphene oxide appears to be an efficient procedure for large-scale synthesis of graphene.
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19

Huertas, Daniel L., and José A. Díaz. "Winter habitat selection by a montane forest bird assemblage: the effects of solar radiation." Canadian Journal of Zoology 79, no. 2 (2001): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z00-194.

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A relationship between sunlight and bird abundance in cold climates may seem intuitive and perhaps obvious. However, there is, surprisingly, little or no evidence to support it. We investigated the effects of solar radiation on the winter abundance of insectivorous birds inhabiting a Mediterranean montane forest with a high frequency of cold, cloudless days. We censused birds by ear in 20 different forest tracts in which we simultaneously quantified a number of variables related to the availability of solar radiation, vegetation structure, arthropod abundance, and altitude. All variables relat
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20

Alonso-S�ez, Laura, Josep M. Gasol, Thomas Lefort, Julia Hofer, and Ruben Sommaruga. "Effect of Natural Sunlight on Bacterial Activity and Differential Sensitivity of Natural Bacterioplankton Groups in Northwestern Mediterranean Coastal Waters." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 9 (2006): 5806–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00597-06.

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ABSTRACT We studied the effects of natural sunlight on heterotrophic marine bacterioplankton in short-term experiments. We used a single-cell level approach involving flow cytometry combined with physiological probes and microautoradiography to determine sunlight effects on the activity and integrity of the cells. After 4 h of sunlight exposure, most bacterial cells maintained membrane integrity and viability as assessed by the simultaneous staining with propidium iodide and SYBR green I. In contrast, a significant inhibition of heterotrophic bacterial activity was detected, measured by 5-cyan
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21

Putra, I. Gusti Ngurah Agung Windra Wartana, Putu Eka Arimbawa, and Ni Putu Rahayu Artini. "Potential of Frangipani (Plumeria alba) Leaves Extract as Ultra Violet Protection." Borneo Journal of Pharmacy 3, no. 4 (2020): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v3i4.1644.

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Sunlight is the source of life and energy. Besides that, sunlight also creates skin challenges such as sunburn, pigmentation, wrinkles, dermatitis, aging, and skin cancer. Natural sunscreen protection is a popular and preferred way among various regions of the world to reduce sunlight's harmful effect. This study aimed to determine the potential of frangipani (Plumeria alba) leaves extract in some concentrations as ultraviolet protection. Plumeria alba extract contained secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, phenolics, and alkaloids that function as impeding ultraviolet radiation. This stud
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22

Guan, J., and F. W. Nutter. "Factors that Affect the Quality and Quantity of Sunlight Reflected from Alfalfa Canopies." Plant Disease 85, no. 8 (2001): 865–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.8.865.

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Experiments were conducted from 1997 to 2000 in Ames and Nashua, IA, to quantify the effects of incident radiation, sun angle, leaf wetness, and sensor height on the quality and quantity of sunlight reflected from alfalfa canopies using a hand-held, multispectral radiometer. Incident radiation had negligible effects on the percentage of sunlight reflected from alfalfa canopies in the visible wavelength bands (460 to 710 nm) and significant negative effects on the percentage of sunlight reflected from alfalfa canopies in the near-infrared wavelength bands (760 and 810 nm). Percentage reflectanc
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23

Machado, Tiele Caprioli, and Marla Azário Lansarin. "Wastewater containing Cr(VI) treatment using solar tubular reactor." Water Science and Technology 74, no. 7 (2016): 1698–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.344.

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The hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), which is generated in the electroplating process, is toxic to most organisms and potentially harmful to human health. The method generally used for remediation of wastewater containing Cr(VI) employs chemicals with high toxicity. This work proposes an alternative technology for the treatment of these wastewaters, based on photochemical reduction of Cr(VI) by alcohols under radiation, which is environmentally sustainable and economically viable. Initially, a batch reactor in laboratory scale was used to determine the best experimental conditions and its specific
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Chen, Yuan, Qiong Li, Wan Ping Zhang, Jian Jie Cui, and Xiao Jian Wu. "Photoprotection of Asian Human Hair Exposed to Sunlight Radiation." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.111.

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Protection effects of milk thistle extract, benzophenone-3, and non-ionic silicon to hair fibers were compared by measuring protein degradation, tryptophan degradation, lipid peroxidation, tensile characteristics and color change of hair exposed to irradiation. Experiment results indicate that milk thistle extract is more marked in protection of protein, lipid, breaking work in hair due to its strong antioxidant ability, while benzophenone-3 is the most effective in tryptophan protection. Color protection was significantly observed in silicone and milk thistle extract treated samples. However,
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Kent, Shia T., Leslie A. McClure, Suzanne E. Judd, et al. "Short- and long-term sunlight radiation and stroke incidence." Annals of Neurology 73, no. 1 (2012): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.23737.

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Chekir, Nadia, Nadia Aicha Laoufi, and Fatiha Bentahar. "Spiramycin photocatalysis under artificial UV radiation and natural sunlight." Desalination and Water Treatment 52, no. 34-36 (2013): 6832–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2013.821632.

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27

Rosenthal, Frank S., Marc Saf>ran, and Hugh R. Taylor. "THE OCULAR DOSE OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION FROM SUNLIGHT EXPOSURE." Photochemistry and Photobiology 42, no. 2 (1985): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1985.tb01555.x.

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28

Rijal, G. K., and R. S. Fujioka. "Synergistic effect of solar radiation and solar heating to disinfect drinking water sources." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 12 (2001): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0728.

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Waterborne diseases are still common in developing countries as drinking water sources are contaminated and feasible means to reliably treat and disinfect these waters are not available. Many of these developing countries are in the tropical regions of the world where sunlight is plentiful. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of combining solar radiation and solar heating to disinfect contaminated water using a modified Family Sol*Saver System (FSP). The non-UV transmittable cover sheet of the former FSP system was replaced with an UV transmittable plastic cover sheet
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29

Martins, Rui C., Eva Domingues, Morgana Bosio, et al. "Effect of Different Radiation Sources and Noble Metal Doped onto TiO2 for Contaminants of Emerging Concern Removal." Water 11, no. 5 (2019): 894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11050894.

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Water scarcity is a worldwide problem boosted by global warming and pollution of anthropogenic origin. The contaminants of emerging concern in water sources are increasing due to the inefficiency of conventional wastewater treatments, and these should be mitigated. Advanced oxidation processes appear as suitable solutions for decontamination. The photocatalytic oxidation of the mixture of sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine and lorazepam was investigated. TiO2 modified by Ag and TiO2 modified by Pd were used as photocatalysts to improve photoactivity. The impact of light wavelengths was examined u
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Hameed, Fatima K., Faris H. Mohammed, and Abdul Hameed M. Jawad. "The Effects of Sunlight on Particle matter & Radiation Pollution in Baghdad Airport Area." Engineering and Technology Journal 38, no. 10A (2020): 1454–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.v38i10a.690.

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The gasses emitted from the various activities, in addition to particle matter (PM10) play a major role in air quality deterioration. Particles matter and radiation are two of the most important parameters that exist in airports and were evaluated considering the variations in sunlight energy. The measured values were collected from eleven sites, which were chosen based on their influence by aviation activities. The measurements were compared to the (Iraqi Regulations and U.S EPA) for particle matter. While for radiation, the measurements were compared with the U.S. National Institute of Healt
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31

Andreev, V. M., A. S. Vlasov, V. P. Khvostikov, et al. "Solar Thermophotovoltaic Converters Based on Tungsten Emitters." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 129, no. 3 (2006): 298–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2734576.

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Results of a solar thermophotovoltaic (STPV) system study are reported. Modeling of the STPV module performance and the analysis of various parameters influencing the system are presented. The ways for the STPV system efficiency to increase and their magnitude are considered such as: improvement of the emitter radiation selectivity and application of selective filters for better matching the emitter radiation spectrum and cell photoresponse; application of the cells with a back side reflector for recycling the sub-band gap photons; and development of low-band gap tandem TPV cells for better ut
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32

Contreras-Sepúlveda, Wilmer, Migan Giuseppe Galban-Pineda, Luis Fernando Bustos-Márquez, Sergio Basilio Sepúlveda-Mora, and Jhon Jairo Ramírez-Mateus. "Angström-Prescott empirical model to estimate solar radiation in Norte de Santander, Colombia." Revista de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación 11, no. 2 (2021): 413–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.19053/20278306.v11.n2.2021.12765.

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The document shows the application of the empirical Angström-Prescott model in different places in Norte de Santander, Colombia. The model estimates solar radiation from hours of sunlight, at a site where brightness and solar radiation are measured. The data were obtained from the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies, IDEAM; algorithms were developed in RStudio to process and analyze the information. The model establishes a linear relationship between solar radiation and the hours of sunlight, in a specific geographic location. Therefore, regression analyzes were perfo
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Mascher, F., S. Deller, F. P. Pichler-Semmelrock, S. Roehm, and E. Marth. "The significance of sunlight for the elimination of indicator bacteria in small-scale bathing ponds in central Europe." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 3 (2003): 211–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0197.

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In order to determine the impact of sunlight on the reduction rate of indicator bacteria, bathing waters of different turbidity were artificially contaminated with indicator bacteria and exposed to sunlight. The reduction rates determined for the indicator bacteria showed a significant correlation with radiation intensity and, thus, also the time of day as well as the turbidity of the water. Under conditions of strong radiation intensity and low water turbidity (<5 FTU), indicator bacteria were eliminated within 1-2 h of contamination with an initial concentration of 105 CFU/mL. Moreove
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Lin, Min, Gongming Yin, Kongyan Han, Jifei Bao, Jingwei Liu, and Li Jia. "Natural sunlight bleaching of the aluminum center in quartz." Radiation Measurements 42, no. 10 (2007): 1605–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.08.010.

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35

Amponsah, N. T., E. E. Jones, H. J. Ridgway, and M. V. Jaspers. "Effects of solar radiation and relative humidity on germination of Botryosphaeriaceae species conidia." New Zealand Plant Protection 63 (August 1, 2010): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2010.63.6610.

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Viability and germination of conidia of three Botryosphaeriaceae species which are important grapevine pathogens were significantly affected by exposure to different levels of sunlight and relative humidity (RH) After 7 h exposure to nonfiltered sunlight (UV) filtered sunlight (UV) and shade germination differed between light levels being 35 57 and 81 respectively and after 70 h exposure it was 0 21 and 65 respectively Nongerminated conidia were unable to germinate when placed in a moist environment indicating that they had been killed High RH favoured germination since 91 and 70 respectively
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Chen, Weifeng, Mengxia Zhang, Guojing Zhang, Pengmin Li, and Fengwang Ma. "Differential Regulation of Anthocyanin Synthesis in Apple Peel under Different Sunlight Intensities." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 23 (2019): 6060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20236060.

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Sunlight radiation is a main environmental factor which affects anthocyanin synthesis. To clarify the regulatory mechanism of sunlight on the synthesis of anthocyanin in apple peel, bagged apples were exposed to diverse intensities of sunlight through different shading treatments. Under an increased solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) light intensity, the concentration of anthocyanin in apple peels was consistent with the Michaelis–Menten equation. Under lower sunlight intensities, diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI, an inhibitor of plasma membrane NAD(P)H oxidase) treatment increased both the concentra
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Charoenchon, Nisamanee, Lesley E. Rhodes, Suzanne M. Pilkington, Mark D. Farrar, and Rachel E. B. Watson. "Differential reorganisation of cutaneous elastic fibres: a comparison of thein vivoeffects of broadband ultraviolet Bversussolar simulated radiation." Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 17, no. 7 (2018): 889–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7pp00412e.

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38

Manoj, KN, MR Umesh, YM Ramesh, SR Anand, and Sangu Angadi. "Dry matter production and radiation use efficiency of pulses grown under different light conditions." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 48, no. 1 (2019): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v48i1.47404.

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A field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of varying light conditions on growth, morphology and seed yield of pulses. Treatments consisted of 50, 75 and 100% of the full sunlight tested in pigeonpea, cowpea, lablab and blackgram species. Under field condition, artificial shade was created by erecting white nylon nets at 30 days and maintained until final harvest. Results showed that shading at both 50 and 75% of the full sunlight had significant (p < 0.05) negative effect on leaf area index (16 - 35%), total dry matter production (11 - 18%), grain yield (19 - 32%) of pulses
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Gao, Mengyu, Ye Xia, Rong Li, et al. "The Design of Near-Perfect Spectrum-Selective Mirror Based on Photonic Structures for Passive Cooling of Silicon Solar Cells." Nanomaterials 10, no. 12 (2020): 2483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10122483.

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When exposed to sunlight, crystalline silicon solar cells (CSSC) will not only generate electric energy but are also heated by solar radiation. Such a self-heating effect makes the working temperature of CSSC 20–40 °C higher than that of the ambient temperature, which degrades their efficiency and reliability. The elevated operating temperatures of CSSC are mainly derived from absorbing photons that cannot be converted to electrons. Therefore, it is important to prevent CSSC from absorbing useless solar light to have a better cooling effect. In this paper, photonic structures based spectrum-se
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Dalmau, Núria, Nathalie Andrieu-Abadie, Romà Tauler, and Carmen Bedia. "Untargeted lipidomic analysis of primary human epidermal melanocytes acutely and chronically exposed to UV radiation." Molecular Omics 14, no. 3 (2018): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8mo00060c.

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Jin, Jun Hong, Sheng Lin Yang, Guang Li, and Jian Ming Jiang. "Effects of Light Stabilizer on the Mechanical Properties of Poly-p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole Fibers under Sunlight Irradiation." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 3335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.3335.

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In this work, light aging resistant PBO fiber containing light stabilizer (OB-1) was prepared via in-situ polymerization and dry-jet wet-spinning process. The mechanical properties of the fibers under sunlight radiation were investigated by tensile testing. PBO fiber is sensitive to both UV light and sunlight, and undergoes severe degradation under light exposure. After exposed to sunlight and sunlight sealed from humidity for 318h the strength retention is only 25.39% and 33.08%, respectively. The light stability of PBO can be enhanced with only a small amount (0.05-0.2%) of addition of OB-1.
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Begaj, Tedi, and Shlomit Schaal. "Sunlight and ultraviolet radiation—pertinent retinal implications and current management." Survey of Ophthalmology 63, no. 2 (2018): 174–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.09.002.

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Rosenthal, Frank S., Sheila K. West, Beatriz Munoz, Edward A. Emmett, Paul T. Strickland, and Hugh R. Taylor. "Ocular and Facial Skin Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation in Sunlight." Health Physics 61, no. 1 (1991): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199107000-00008.

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Oppezzo, Oscar J. "Contribution of UVB radiation to bacterial inactivation by natural sunlight." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 115 (October 2012): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2012.06.011.

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Oates, M. J., A. Ruiz-Canales, M. Ferrández-Villena, and A. Fernández López. "A low cost sunlight analyser and data logger measuring radiation." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 143 (December 2017): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2017.09.024.

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Das, B. R., S. M. Ishtiaque, R. S. Rengasamy, S. Hati, and A. Kumar. "Ultraviolet Absorbers for Textiles." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 14, no. 1 (2010): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-14-01-2010-b005.

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The incidences of skin cancer have been rising worldwide due to excessive exposure to sunlight. Increase in exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight results in skin damage such as sunburn, premature skin ageing, allergies and skin cancer. Medical experts suggest several means of protection against ultraviolet radiation, including use of sunscreens, avoidance of the sun at its highest intensities, and wearing clothing that covers as much of the skin surface as possible. This paper provides insight on how UV absorbers can be efficiently used with textile material to protect human ski
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Alvarenga, Amauri Alves de, Evaristo Mauro de Castro, Érico de Castro Lima Junior, and Marcelo Murad Magalhães. "Effects of different light levels on the initial growth and photosynthesis of Croton urucurana Baill. in southeastern Brazil." Revista Árvore 27, no. 1 (2003): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-67622003000100007.

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Four levels of shading (full sunlight (0%), 30, 50, 70% of solar radiation interception on growth, chlorophyll concentration and photosynthetic rate were studied in Croton urucurana Baill., a pioneer plant species. This species seedlings are of potential interest for reforestation projects and recovery of degraded areas. The seedlings were grown in pots containing soil and sand (2:1) and later transferred to plastic bags of 3 dm³ and submitted to different levels of shading (30, 50, 70%) of solar radiation and full sunlight, as control. The experimental design was completely randomized with fi
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Diffey, Brian, and Uli Osterwalder. "Labelled sunscreen SPFs may overestimate protection in natural sunlight." Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 16, no. 10 (2017): 1519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7pp00260b.

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Makirita, Winisia E., Fengqin Zhang, Ernest R. Mbega, et al. "Influence of Metal Oxides Nanoparticles on Pathogenicity of Steinernema carpocapsae Nematodes Against Lepidopteran Galleria mellonella." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 3 (2020): 1470–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.17329.

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Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been cited as a safe and effective method for pest management. Their virulence against lepidopterans and other foliar pest has been demonstrated in the laboratory, but achieving field efficacy is challenged with environmental conditions such as desiccation and ultraviolet radiations. Nanoparticles (NPs) as UV-blocking agents have been reported to provide an alternative approach to enhance the EPNs efficacy. We screened the effect of ZnO, TiO2 and Fe3O4 NPs on survival and pathogenicity of EPNs, and determined whether the nanoparticles could provide protec
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Zhu, Yi Ren, Guang Chao Li, Qian Ping Zhang, and Chong Tang. "The Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Wastewater with Nanoscale Ferric Oxide as Catalyst." Advanced Materials Research 356-360 (October 2011): 1813–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.1813.

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Nanoscale Ferric Oxide was prepared from natural hematite and characterized. Using it as catalyst, methylene blue-simulated wastewater was treated by photocatalytic degradation with high-voltage mercury lamp and sunlight as excitation light source. Main factors, including the preparation conditions and dosage of ferric oxide, pH value, reaction time and initial concentration of simulated wastewater, and their influence to treatment effect were discussed. Test results showed that at a pulverization time of 1.5h, calcination time of 2h at 500°C, initial methylene blue (MB) concentration of 20mg/
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