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1
Malek, Mohammad Hadin A., Farahiyah Mustafa, and Anis Maisarah Mohd Asry. "A battery-less power supply using supercapacitor as energy storage powered by solar." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i1.pp568-574.
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<span lang="EN-US">This paper presents a battery-less power supply using supercapacitor as energy storage powered by solar. In this study the supercapacitor as energy storage, as opposed to batteries, has widely researched in recent years. Supercapacitors act like other capacitors, but their advantage is having enormous power storage capabilities. Maximum charging voltage and capacitance are two variables of storage in the supercapacitor. The supercapacitor is used as energy storage to charge a low power device wirelessly and act as a power supply. The solar energy is used as a backup power supply if there is no electricity in the remote or isolated area to charge the supercapacitor. The time taken to charge the supercapacitor depend on the amount of current rating of the solar panel. The higher the current, the shorter the time taken to charges the supercapacitor. Power supply using supercapacitor can store up to 30 Vdc using a DC-DC boost converter.</span>
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Nagarajarao, Sumedha Harike, Apurva Nandagudi, Ramarao Viswanatha, Basavanakote Mahadevappa Basavaraja, Mysore Sridhar Santosh, Beekanahalli Mokshanatha Praveen, and Anup Pandith. "Recent Developments in Supercapacitor Electrodes: A Mini Review." ChemEngineering 6, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering6010005.
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The use of nonrenewable fossil fuels for energy has increased in recent decades, posing a serious threat to human life. As a result, it is critical to build environmentally friendly and low-cost reliable and renewable energy storage solutions. The supercapacitor is a future energy device because of its higher power density and outstanding cyclic stability with a quick charge and discharge process. Supercapacitors, on the other hand, have a lower energy density than regular batteries. It is well known that the electrochemical characteristic of supercapacitors is strongly dependent on electrode materials. The current review highlights advance in the TMOs for supercapacitor electrodes. In addition, the newly discovered hybrid/pseudo-supercapacitors have been discussed. Metal oxides that are employed as electrode materials are the focus of this study. The discovery of nanostructured electrode materials continues to be a major focus of supercapacitor research. To create high-performance electrode materials from a morphological standpoint, various efforts have been attempted. Lastly, we analyze the supercapacitor’s evolving trend and our perspective for the future generations of supercapacitors.
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Ren, Jiahui, Wenli Lin, Xinbo Liu, Shuiyuan He, Zhonghao Dongye, and Lijun Diao. "Full Current-Type Control-Based Hybrid Energy Storage System." Energies 15, no. 8 (April 15, 2022): 2910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15082910.
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With greater power density, a hybrid power source that combines supercapacitors and batteries has a wide range of applications in pulse-operated power systems. In this paper, a supercapacitor/battery semi-active hybrid energy storage system (HESS) with a full current-type control strategy is presented. The studied HESS is composed of batteries, supercapacitors, and a bidirectional buck–boost converter. The converter is controlled such that supercapacitors supply load power pulses, and batteries provide the power in steady state. To realize the fast compensation of the supercapacitors to the load power pulses, a power distribution module based on hysteresis control theory is designed in the control system. Moreover, the control strategy does not require the model parameters of the converter and supercapacitors, so the control system is simplified. A complete configuration scheme and cost analysis of the proposed HESS are also presented. Obtained results show that the proposed supercapacitor/battery semi-active HESS has good performance in terms of dynamic response, weight, and energy utilization coefficient (EUC).
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Mensah-Darkwa, Kwadwo, Camila Zequine, Pawan Kahol, and Ram Gupta. "Supercapacitor Energy Storage Device Using Biowastes: A Sustainable Approach to Green Energy." Sustainability 11, no. 2 (January 15, 2019): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11020414.
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The demand for renewable energy sources worldwide has gained tremendous research attention over the past decades. Technologies such as wind and solar have been widely researched and reported in the literature. However, economical use of these technologies has not been widespread due partly to cost and the inability for service during of-source periods. To make these technologies more competitive, research into energy storage systems has intensified over the last few decades. The idea is to devise an energy storage system that allows for storage of electricity during lean hours at a relatively cheaper value and delivery later. Energy storage and delivery technologies such as supercapacitors can store and deliver energy at a very fast rate, offering high current in a short duration. The past decade has witnessed a rapid growth in research and development in supercapacitor technology. Several electrochemical properties of the electrode material and electrolyte have been reported in the literature. Supercapacitor electrode materials such as carbon and carbon-based materials have received increasing attention because of their high specific surface area, good electrical conductivity and excellent stability in harsh environments etc. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in biomass-derived activated carbons as an electrode material for supercapacitor applications. The development of an alternative supercapacitor electrode material from biowaste serves two main purposes: (1) It helps with waste disposal; converting waste to a useful product, and (2) it provides an economic argument for the substantiality of supercapacitor technology. This article reviews recent developments in carbon and carbon-based materials derived from biowaste for supercapacitor technology. A comparison between the various storage mechanisms and electrochemical performance of electrodes derived from biowaste is presented.
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Wang, Kai, Yuan Gao, and Yu Fan. "A Numerical Controlled Constant Current Source Based on Power MOSFET." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 1859–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.1859.
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Supercapacitor is widely used in high power energy storage device, and its charge and discharge properties decide the energy storage devices of important performance indicators. In this paper, in order to research the charging performance of supercapacitors, a constant current test system which is based on microcontroller was designed. The system use a program-controlled constant current source which focuses on high-power MOSFET in accordance with the current data gotten from the sampling circuit, adjust the output current by PID algorithm, and thereby enhance the controlling precision of the output of the constant current. Under the combined control between upper machine and lower machine, the test system can map out potential function curve following time-varying, so that the supercapacitor’s charge process implement visualization. The result which tests the supercapacitor shows that the circuit has a simple structure and the current is very stable, which can be applied to all kinds of energy storage device which requires high current for charge and property test.
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G. Rajakumar. "Recent Advancements in Supercapacitor Technologies." December 2022 4, no. 4 (January 4, 2023): 256–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jucct.2022.4.004.
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Supercapacitors (SCs) are a form of energy storage that fills the vacuum left by traditional capacitors and batteries. They have greater energy storage capacity than capacitors and can deliver electricity at higher rates than batteries. Both the capacitor and supercapacitor have two electrodes (plates) separated by a dielectric, however super capacitors have electrodes with a larger surface area and thinner dielectrics, allowing for higher energy densities. Super capacitors are extensively employed in portable electronic devices due to its high storage capacity. The design, properties, and uses of supercapacitors are briefly discussed in this article.
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Buinosov, A. P., M. G. Durandin, and O. I. Tutynin. "Prospects for using electric energy storage devices on motor-car rolling stock." Herald of the Ural State University of Railway Transport, no. 4 (2020): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/2079-0392-2020-4-35-45.
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A solution to the problem of increasing the efficiency of traction electric drive systems, taking into account the steady increase in electricity prices, is proposed by using storage devices. Promising types of energy storage devices are considered. A comparative analysis of the main types of batteries and supercapacitors is carried out. The description, types, and main technical characteristics of batteries and supercapacitor energy storage devices are given. The choice of the best energy storage device is justified. The technical characteristics of specific models of supercapacitors are compared and the required number of individual storage devices of different models is calculated in accordance with the supply voltage of the engine and the energy consumed by them in the acceleration mode. The supercapacitor model for forming a storage battery was selected according to the following optimality criteria: minimum mass, minimum price, and minimum number of individual capacitors.
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Yang, Yanchun, Yinghui Han, Wenkun Jiang, Yuyang Zhang, Yanmei Xu, and Ayman Mahmoud Ahmed. "Application of the Supercapacitor for Energy Storage in China: Role and Strategy." Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010354.
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Supercapacitors are widely used in China due to their high energy storage efficiency, long cycle life, high power density and low maintenance cost. This review compares the differences of different types of supercapacitors and the developing trend of electrochemical hybrid energy storage technology. It gives an overview of the application status of supercapacitors in China’s smart grid and Energy Internet in detail. Some strategies and constructive suggestions are put forward to solve the existing problems. With the improvement of the grid-connected capacity of new energy power generation during the 14th Five-year Period of China, the supercapacitor market in China will usher in a good development opportunity. The role of the supercapacitor in achieving carbon peak carbon neutralization is prospected.
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Stana, Girts, Viesturs Brazis, and Peteris Apse-Apsitis. "Simulation of Induction Traction Drive with Supercapacitor Energy Storage System Test Bench." Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering 9, no. 1 (December 1, 2015): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ecce-2015-0007.
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Abstract The paper describes the application of supercapacitor energy storage system for induction traction drive test bench that replaces a real electric public transport for performing testing and researches. The suitability and usage of such bench for research purposes is explained and the importance of the development of software mathematical model for performing simulations to be done before physical implementation measures is reasoned. The working principle of the bench and applied components are described. A virtual model of the bench was built and simulations were performed using Matlab/Simulink software. The basic topology of the virtual bench model is described as well. The calculations of this work show the scaling of supercapacitor energy storage system by setting different limits of working voltage range in order to adjust them to test bench parameters, whereas the modelling compares two simulation cases – the application of less supercapacitors and the application of more supercapacitors with the same common rated voltage. The autonomous mode simulations were also performed. Simulation results are analyzed and recommendations for the application of the supercapacitor energy storage system, with respect to initial supercapacitor circuit voltage, are given.
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Passalacqua, Massimiliano, Mauro Carpita, Serge Gavin, Mario Marchesoni, Matteo Repetto, Luis Vaccaro, and Sébastien Wasterlain. "Supercapacitor Storage Sizing Analysis for a Series Hybrid Vehicle." Energies 12, no. 9 (May 9, 2019): 1759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12091759.
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The increasing interest in Hybrid Electric Vehicles led to the study of new powertrain structures. In particular, it was demonstrated in the technical literature how series architecture can be more efficient, compared to parallel one, if supercapacitors are used as storage system. Since supercapacitors are characterized by high efficiency and high power density, but have low specific energy, storage sizing is a critical point with this technology. In this study, a detailed analysis on the effect of supercapacitor storage sizing on series architecture was carried out. In particular, in series architecture, supercapacitor storage sizing influences both engine number of starts and the energy that can be stored during regenerative braking. The first aspect affects the comfort, whereas the second aspect directly influences powertrain efficiency. Vehicle model and Energy Management System were studied and simulations were carried out for different storage energy, in order to define the optimal sizing.
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Gonsalves, Tayara Correia, Franks Martins Silva, Ligia Silverio Vieira, Julio Cesar Serafim Casini, and Rubens Nunes de Faria. "Electrochemical Characteristics and Microstructures of Activated Carbon Powder Supercapacitors for Energy Storage." Materials Science Forum 930 (September 2018): 597–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.930.597.
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In recent years, extensive investigations have focused on the study and improvement of supercapacitor electrode materials. The electric devices produced with these materials are used to store energy over time periods ranging from seconds to several days. The main factor that determines the energy storage period of a supercapacitor is its self-discharge rate, i.e., the gradual decrease in electric potential that occurs when the supercapacitor terminals are not connected to either a charging circuit or electric load. Self-discharge is attenuated at lower temperatures, resulting in an increased energy storage period. This paper addresses the temperature-dependence of self-discharge via a systematic study of supercapacitors with nominal capacitances of 1.0 and 10.0 F at DC potentials of 5.5 and 2.7 V, respectively. The specific capacitances, internal resistances, and self-discharge characteristics of commercial activated carbon electrode supercapacitors were investigated. Using cyclic voltammetry, the specific capacitances were determined to be 44.4 and 66.7 Fg−1 for distinct carbon electrode supercapacitors. The self-discharge characteristics were investigated at both room temperature and close to the freezing point. The internal resistances of the supercapacitors were calculated using the discharge curves at room temperature. The microstructures of the electrode materials were determined using scanning electron microscopy.
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Li, Jing, Tongtong Xiao, Xiaoxi Yu, and Mingyuan Wang. "Graphene-based composites for supercapacitors." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2393, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2393/1/012005.
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Abstract Smart devices that are portable and wearable have advanced significantly over the years. Further research on compatible storage devices with tiny, light and flexible properties is required to make wearable electronic devices more versatile, lightweight, smart, and commercially viable. Because of their advantages of having a high-power density, long cycle longevity, superior mechanical strength, good safety, and ease of assembly, supercapacitors have sparked a great deal of interest. Nevertheless, if the conventional supercapacitor is distorted by an external force, the power storage qualities would be significantly diminished or perhaps even eliminated. The primary component of capacitors is the electrode material, hence it is essential to produce extremely flexible electrode materials with superior energy-storage capabilities. This study introduces the supercapacitor energy storage theory and the current state of graphene applications in flexible supercapacitors. Additionally, a succinct summary of the research on pseudo, double-layer, and asymmetric capacitors is provided. Future progress and the difficulties that flexible supercapacitor electrode materials still confront are explored.
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Rani, Janardhanan R., Ranjith Thangavel, Minjae Kim, Yun Sung Lee, and Jae-Hyung Jang. "Ultra-High Energy Density Hybrid Supercapacitors Using MnO2/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Nanoscrolls." Nanomaterials 10, no. 10 (October 16, 2020): 2049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10102049.
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Manganese oxide (MnO2) is a promising material for supercapacitor applications, with a theoretical ultra-high energy density of 308 Wh/kg. However, such ultra-high energy density has not been achieved experimentally in MnO2-based supercapacitors because of several practical issues, such as low electrical conductivity of MnO2, incomplete utilization of MnO2, and dissolution of MnO2. The present study investigates the potential of MnO2/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hybrid nanoscroll (GMS) structures as electrode material for overcoming the difficulties and for developing ultra-high-energy storage systems. A hybrid supercapacitor, comprising MnO2/rGO nanoscrolls as anode material and activated carbon (AC) as a cathode, is fabricated. The GMS/AC hybrid supercapacitor exhibited enhanced energy density, superior rate performance, and promising Li storage capability that bridged the energy–density gap between conventional Li-ion batteries (LIBs) and supercapacitors. The fabricated GMS/AC hybrid supercapacitor demonstrates an ultra-high lithium discharge capacity of 2040 mAh/g. The GMS/AC cell delivered a maximum energy density of 105.3 Wh/kg and a corresponding power density of 308.1 W/kg. It also delivered an energy density of 42.77 Wh/kg at a power density as high as 30,800 W/kg. Our GMS/AC cell’s energy density values are very high compared with those of other reported values of graphene-based hybrid structures. The GMS structures offer significant potential as an electrode material for energy-storage systems and can also enhance the performance of the other electrode materials for LIBs and hybrid supercapacitors.
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Atif Javaid, Atif Javaid, Ahmad Shahzaib Ahmad Shahzaib, Hammad Tahir Hammad Tahir, Munazza Ali Munazza Ali, and and Wajiha Younus and Wajiha Younus. "Investigation of Mechanical and Electrochemical Performance of Multifunctional Carbon-Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites for Electrical Energy Storage Applications." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 41, no. 3 (2019): 444. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000759/jcsp/41.03.2019.
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Concept of structural supercapacitors, based on carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites, has been introduced that can act as a structural load bearing component as well as an electrical energy storing device simultaneously. This multifunctional carbon fiber reinforced structural supercapacitors are fabricated by using carbon fiber and glass fiber/filter paper as reinforcements and cross-linked polymer electrolyte as a matrix. Carbon fiber mats also simultaneously serve the role of electrodes in addition to reinforcements whereas the glass fiber mat/filter paper also acts as an insulator to avoid the short-circuiting of the carbon fiber electrodes. A polymer epoxy matrix is modified by introducing ions within the cross-linked structure in order to develop an optimized polymer electrolyte. Flexural tests of structural supercapacitor are conducted to evaluate the structural performance while charge/discharge tests are conducted to evaluate the electrochemical performance. Multifunctional structural supercapacitors are tested mechanically as well as electrochemically. A structural supercapacitor is fabricated showing simultaneously an energy density of 0.11 mWh m-3, a specific capacitance of 0.8 mF.cm-3 and a flexural modulus of 26.6 GPa simultaneously.
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Lu, Yang, Weixiao Wang, Yange Wang, Menglong Zhao, Jinru Lv, Yan Guo, Yingge Zhang, Rongjie Luo, and Xianming Liu. "Ultralight supercapacitors utilizing waste cotton pads for wearable energy storage." Dalton Transactions 47, no. 46 (2018): 16684–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8dt03997f.
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Ultralight, flexible and renewable supercapacitors based on MnO2 nanosheets strongly coupled with a PPy layer coated on discarded cotton pads as electrodes have been developed. The flexible supercapacitor is ready for a potential application in wearable energy storage systems.
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Prabaharan, Savari R. Sahaya, Adamu Murtala Zungeru, Bokani Mtengi, and Siluvai M. Michael. "A photovoltaic system using supercapacitor energy storage for power equilibrium and voltage stability." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, no. 3 (June 1, 2023): 2482. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i3.pp2482-2497.
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<span lang="EN-US">In a photovoltaic system, a stable voltage and of tolerable power equilibrium is needed. Hence, a dedicated analog charge controller for a storage system which controls energy flow to impose power equilibrium, and therefore, voltage stability on the load is required. We demonstrate here our successful design considerations employing supercapacitors as main energy storage as well as a buffer in a standalone photovoltaic system, incorporating a dedicated supercapacitor charge controller for the first time. Firstly, we demonstrated a photovoltaic system employing supercapacitors as main energy storage as well as a buffer in a standalone photovoltaic system. Secondly, we design a constant voltage maximum power point tracker (MPPT) for peak power extraction from the photovoltaic generator. Thirdly, we incorporated a supercapacitor charge controller for power equilibrium and voltage stability through a dedicated analog charge controller in our design, the first of its kind. Fourthly, we analyzed the use of supercapacitor storage to mitigate disequilibrium between power supply and demands, which, in turn, causes overvoltage or under voltage across the load. Lastly, we then went ahead to demonstrate the control of the energy flow in the system so as to maintain rated voltage across a variant demand load.</span>
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Ren, Zhi Meng, Jian Yu Di, Zhen Kun Lei, and Rui Mao. "Fabrication and Performance Test of Flexible Supercapacitors Based on Three-Dimensional Graphene Hydrogel." Materials Science Forum 1058 (April 5, 2022): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-3juu45.
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Flexible supercapacitors have attracted more and more attention and research because they can be used as energy storage devices for future flexible electronic devices. In the existing research, graphene has been used to make supercapacitor electrodes, but usually these electrodes have very low specific capacitance or flexibility. Here, a three-dimensional graphene hydrogel for the fabrication of flexible supercapacitors was presented, and the preparation of flexible supercapacitors based on three-dimensional graphene hydrogels was given. Through the research, we find that the prepared flexible supercapacitor has excellent capacitance characteristics, such as high specific capacitance of 168F/g and excellent mechanical flexibility. This study shows that the three-dimensional graphene macro structure has great potential in the preparation of high-performance flexible energy storage devices.
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Şahin, Mustafa Ergin, and Frede Blaabjerg. "A Hybrid PV-Battery/Supercapacitor System and a Basic Active Power Control Proposal in MATLAB/Simulink." Electronics 9, no. 1 (January 9, 2020): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9010129.
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An increase in the integration of renewable energy generation worldwide brings along some challenges to energy systems. Energy systems need to be regulated following grid codes for the grid stability and efficiency of renewable energy utilization. The main problems that are on the active side can be caused by excessive power generation or unregulated energy generation, such as a partially cloudy day. The main problems on the load side can be caused by excessive or unregulated energy demand or nonlinear loads which deteriorate the power quality of the energy networks. This study focuses on the energy generation side as active power control. In this study, the benefits of supercapacitor use in a hybrid storage system are investigated and analyzed. A hybrid system in which photovoltaic powered and stored the energy in battery and supercapacitor are proposed in this study to solving the main problems in two sides. The supercapacitor model, photovoltaic model, and the proposed hybrid system are designed in MATLAB/Simulink for 6 kW rated power. Also, a new topology is proposed to increase the energy storage with supercapacitors for a passive storage system. The instantaneous peak currents energy is aimed to store in supercapacitors temporarily with this topology. The main advantages of this topology are voltage stabilization in two sides by the supercapacitors and a limitation of the battery load, which directly results in longer battery life and decreases the system cost. The simulation results are investigated for this topology.
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Łebkowski, Andrzej. "Studies of Energy Consumption by a City Bus Powered by a Hybrid Energy Storage System in Variable Road Conditions." Energies 12, no. 5 (March 12, 2019): 951. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12050951.
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This article analyzes various configurations of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems consisting of batteries only, combinations of batteries and supercapacitors, and supercapacitors only. For the presented configurations, mathematical models that were used in research in terms of energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions were developed, employing a 12-m city bus as a test bed. The tests were carried out using standard test cycles for heavy vehicles as well as routes developed on the basis of actual road conditions. The obtained test results confirmed that the lowest energy consumption is characterized by the system supplied exclusively by batteries (855 Wh/km), followed by a hybrid system of a large battery with a small supercapacitor (941 Wh/km), a hybrid system with a large supercapacitor and a small battery pack (1087 Wh/km), and finally a system with a supercapacitor only (1091 Wh/km). In comparison with the conventional diesel power system (3967 Wh/km), the CO2 emission reductions ranged from 27% to 43%, depending on the source of electrical energy.
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Worsley, Eleri Anne, Serena Margadonna, and Paolo Bertoncello. "Application of Graphene Nanoplatelets in Supercapacitor Devices: A Review of Recent Developments." Nanomaterials 12, no. 20 (October 13, 2022): 3600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12203600.
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As worldwide energy consumption continues to increase, so too does the demand for improved energy storage technologies. Supercapacitors are energy storage devices that are receiving considerable interest due to their appealing features such as high power densities and much longer cycle lives than batteries. As such, supercapacitors fill the gaps between conventional capacitors and batteries, which are characterised by high power density and high energy density, respectively. Carbon nanomaterials, such as graphene nanoplatelets, are being widely explored as supercapacitor electrode materials due to their high surface area, low toxicity, and ability to tune properties for the desired application. In this review, we first briefly introduce the theoretical background and basic working principles of supercapacitors and then discuss the effects of electrode material selection and structure of carbon nanomaterials on the performances of supercapacitors. Finally, we highlight the recent advances of graphene nanoplatelets and how chemical functionalisation can affect and improve their supercapacitor performance.
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Tran Van, Khoi, and Anh An Thi Hoai Thu. "Optimal supercapacitor placement in an urban railway line." Transport and Communications Science Journal 73, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.47869/tcsj.73.1.7.
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Supercapacitors (SCs) are important devices used in renewable energy storage applications on urban railways due to their high power density, good performance, and long maintenance-free lifetime. The position and capacity of supercapacitors play an essential role in increasing energy efficiency and improving the operating condition of the power supply system. This paper proposes an optimal methodology to place a supercapacitor energy storage system (SESS) for urban railway lines. The proposed method uses simulation tools to determine the level of renewable energy as well as the cycle of renewable energy occurrence at substations. Next, based on the working characteristics of the supercapacitor to calculate the accumulated energy that can be reused. Finally, the problem of the optimal siting and sizing of the SESSs is solved to maximize the economic benefits. A case study is applied to evaluate the algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate that installing the optimal SESS can increase energy efficiency, lower transient power, and the solution found is the best choice for economic goals
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Enock, Talam Kibona, Cecil K. King’ondu, Alexander Pogrebnoi, and Yusufu Abeid Chande Jande. "Status of Biomass Derived Carbon Materials for Supercapacitor Application." International Journal of Electrochemistry 2017 (2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6453420.
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Environmental concerns and energy security uncertainties associated with fossil fuels have driven the world to shift to renewable energy sources. However, most renewable energy sources with exception of hydropower are intermittent in nature and thus need storage systems. Amongst various storage systems, supercapacitors are the promising candidates for energy storage not only in renewable energies but also in hybrid vehicles and portable devices due to their high power density. Supercapacitor electrodes are almost invariably made of carbon derived from biomass. Several reviews had been focused on general carbon materials for supercapacitor electrode. This review is focused on understanding the extent to which different types of biomasses have been used as porous carbon materials for supercapacitor electrodes. It also details hydrothermal microwave assisted, ionothermal, and molten salts carbonization as techniques of synthesizing activated carbon from biomasses as well as their characteristics and their impacts on electrochemical performance.
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Liu, Dingbang. "MOFs together with derivatives for supercapacitor applications." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 21 (December 4, 2022): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v21i.3133.
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With the continuous progress of science and technology, the demand for energy of new scientific and technological products is higher and higher. However, with the development of large developing countries such as China, the fossil energy on the earth is almost exhausted. In order to solve this problem, people began to develop new clean energy. In order to use new energy more reasonably and efficiently, people must develop a high-performance Supercapacitor is a new energy storage device developed at the end of last century. However, the biggest obstacle to the development of supercapacitors is that their energy density is far lower than that of traditional energy storage devices. However, the biggest obstacle to the development of supercapacitors is that their energy density is far lower than that of traditional energy storage devices. The ideal supercapacitor electrode material has the characteristics of uniform pore size distribution, high specific surface area and high porosity. As a new organic-inorganic material, MOFs have a variety of spatial porous network structures, and the derivatives synthesized with MOFs as precursors can still maintain their original porous This review mainly introduces the examples of preparing electrode materials with reasonable structure with MOFs as electrode materials or MOFs and their derivatives as electrode materials were summarized and prospected.
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El-Kady, Maher F., Melanie Ihns, Mengping Li, Jee Youn Hwang, Mir F. Mousavi, Lindsay Chaney, Andrew T. Lech, and Richard B. Kaner. "Engineering three-dimensional hybrid supercapacitors and microsupercapacitors for high-performance integrated energy storage." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 14 (March 23, 2015): 4233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1420398112.
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Supercapacitors now play an important role in the progress of hybrid and electric vehicles, consumer electronics, and military and space applications. There is a growing demand in developing hybrid supercapacitor systems to overcome the energy density limitations of the current generation of carbon-based supercapacitors. Here, we demonstrate 3D high-performance hybrid supercapacitors and microsupercapacitors based on graphene and MnO2 by rationally designing the electrode microstructure and combining active materials with electrolytes that operate at high voltages. This results in hybrid electrodes with ultrahigh volumetric capacitance of over 1,100 F/cm3. This corresponds to a specific capacitance of the constituent MnO2 of 1,145 F/g, which is close to the theoretical value of 1,380 F/g. The energy density of the full device varies between 22 and 42 Wh/l depending on the device configuration, which is superior to those of commercially available double-layer supercapacitors, pseudocapacitors, lithium-ion capacitors, and hybrid supercapacitors tested under the same conditions and is comparable to that of lead acid batteries. These hybrid supercapacitors use aqueous electrolytes and are assembled in air without the need for expensive “dry rooms” required for building today’s supercapacitors. Furthermore, we demonstrate a simple technique for the fabrication of supercapacitor arrays for high-voltage applications. These arrays can be integrated with solar cells for efficient energy harvesting and storage systems.
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Oyedotun, Kabir. "Supercapacitor: History, Types, Materials, Processes, Evaluations and Applications." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 6 (October 9, 2022): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-026605mtgabs.
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Energy storage enhancements are essential if the World is to fulfil its envisaged carbon reduction targets. Energy derived from solar and wind sources requires an effective storage to guarantee supply consistency due the characteristic changeability of its sources. Supercapacitors (SCs) also known as electrochemical capacitors have been identified as key part of solving the problem. Besides, SCs could provide solutions to charging electric vehicles much faster than is possible using lithium-ion batteries. Nevertheless, further research into high performance supercapacitors development is urgently required to capacitate them for effective large electricity storage. In general, the energy utilization will subsequently depend on consumers/industries that are generating, storing and utilizing energy more effectively, with SCs being identified as one of the emerging technologies for intermittent energy storage, harvesting as well as high-power delivery. In this study, we have highlighted the historical information concerning the evolution of supercapacitor technology and its application as an energy storage device. Also, a detailed account of the device’s electrode materials/electrolytes, processes, designs and various applications has been discussed.
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Hu, Tengda, Yunwu Li, Zhi Zhang, Ying Zhao, and Dexiong Liu. "Energy Management Strategy of Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Road Slope Information." Energies 14, no. 9 (April 21, 2021): 2358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14092358.
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To maximize the performance of power batteries and supercapacitors in a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) and to resolve the conflict between the high power demands of electric vehicles and the limitations of high-current charging and discharging of the power battery, a vehicle power demand model incorporating road slope information has been constructed. This paper takes a HESS composed of power battery and supercapacitor as the object, and a rule-based energy management strategy (EMS) based on road slope information is proposed to realize the reasonable distribution and management of energy under the slope condition. According to the slope information of the road ahead, the energy consumption in the next period was predicted, and the supercapacitor is charged and discharged in advance to meet the energy demand of uphill and the energy recovery capacity of downhill to avoid the high current charge and discharge of the battery. Subsequently, the improved EMS performance was simulated under the New York City Cycle (NYCC) driving conditions with additional slope driving conditions. The simulated results indicate that compared to the existing EMS, the proposed EMS based on slope information can effectively distribute the power demand between the power battery and the supercapacitor, can reduce the discharge current and the duration of high-power discharge, and has a 20.4% higher energy recovery efficiency, effectively increasing the cruising range.
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Sembiring, Albert Willy Jonathan, and Afriyanti Sumboja. "Composite of graphene and in-situ polymerized polyaniline on carbon cloth substrate for flexible supercapacitor." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2243, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2243/1/012105.
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Abstract Flexible and lightweight energy storage is required for powering wearable electronic devices. Among the developed energy storage devices, supercapacitors have gained much interest as energy storage for wearable applications through their long cycle life and high power density. This work presents a flexible supercapacitor based on carbon cloth coated with graphene/polyaniline nanocomposite. Graphene/polyaniline nanocomposite is adopted as active material due to its high stability and the synergistic feature of pseudocapacitive and electrical double layer capacitance. The nanocomposite is synthesized from aniline and graphene in the sulfuric acid solution containing carbon cloth by chemical oxidative method, allowing the aniline to polymerize directly on the carbon cloth and graphene. Flexible supercapacitor devices with PVA/H2SO4 gel electrolyte exhibit an areal capacitance of 194.90 mF/cm2 at a scan rate of 5 mV/s. The device retains 77.21% of its initial capacitance after 500 cycles of cyclic voltammetry tests and exhibits a good performance during bending at 90° and 180°. This work demonstrates the potentials of carbon cloth-based supercapacitors for high-performance wearable supercapacitors.
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CHEN, KUNFENG, FEI LIU, XITONG LIANG, and DONGFENG XUE. "SURFACE–INTERFACE REACTION OF SUPERCAPACITOR ELECTRODE MATERIALS." Surface Review and Letters 24, no. 03 (March 30, 2017): 1730005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x17300052.
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Facing the challenge of low energy density of conventional electric double layer supercapacitors, researchers have long been focusing on the development of novel pseudocapacitive electrode materials with higher energy densities. Since capacitive charge storage reaction mostly occurs on the interface of electrode and electrolyte, the interface chemistry determines the achievable power and energy densities of a supercapacitor. Consequently, understanding of surface–interface reaction mechanism is a key towards efficient design of high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials. In this paper, we have reviewed the recent advances in the understanding of surfaces–interfaces in the system of pseudocapacitive supercapacitors. With significant research advancements in the understanding of surface–interface of supercapacitors, novel colloidal electrode materials with improved surface–interface structures have been developed in our previous work, which have the potential to deliver both high energy and power densities. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis on the surface–interface control approaches to improve the energy and power densities of supercapacitors.
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Jiya, Immanuel Ninma, Nicoloy Gurusinghe, and Rupert Gouws. "Hybridisation of battery, supercapacitor and hybrid capacitor for load applications with high crest factors: a case study of electric vehicles." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 16, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i2.pp614-622.
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This paper proposes a novel topology of hybridizing battery, supercapacitor and hybrid capacitor for optimum utilization of energy in electric vehicles. Hybridization of energy storage has been the theme of much research in the field of power electronics as it is an effective economic solution towards improving the utilization of energy. Batteries have fallen short in comparison to both supercapacitors and hybrid capacitors because of their low power density and limited charge-discharge cycle. Most of the previous research in this field focuses on hybridizing either supercapacitor or hybrid capacitor with the battery but not both. This paper deals with the combination of both supercapacitor and hybrid capacitor with the battery thus addressing the problem of the lack of autonomy between two recharge points in supercapacitors, three hybridization techniques are considered and the balance point of the supercapacitor and hybrid capacitor banks is presented. The prospects of using a multiple-input DC-DC converter is also analyzed. An experimental electric vehicle profile was used to verify the proposed topology and the results are presented. The application of the novel hybridization of the three energy storage devices can be extended to other applications having a load profile with high crest factors.
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Logerais, Pierre-Olivier, Olivier Riou, Mohamed Ansoumane Camara, and Jean-Félix Durastanti. "Study of Photovoltaic Energy Storage by Supercapacitors through Both Experimental and Modelling Approaches." Journal of Solar Energy 2013 (September 4, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/659014.
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The storage of photovoltaic energy by supercapacitors is studied by using two approaches. An overview on the integration of supercapacitors in solar energy conversion systems is previously provided. First, a realized experimental setup of charge/discharge of supercapacitors fed by a photovoltaic array has been operated with fine data acquisition. The second approach consists in simulating photovoltaic energy storage by supercapacitors with a faithful and accessible model composed of solar irradiance evaluation, equivalent electrical circuit for photovoltaic conversion, and a multibranch circuit for supercapacitor. Both the experimental and calculated results are confronted, and an error of 1% on the stored energy is found with a correction largely within ±10% of the transmission line capacitance according to temperature.
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Qiu, Fulian, and David Harrison. "Multilayer supercapacitor threads for woven flexible circuits." Circuit World 41, no. 4 (November 2, 2015): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cw-04-2015-0018.
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Purpose – Wearable electronic devices have emerged which require compact, flexible power storage devices such as batteries and supercapacitors. Recently, energy storage devices have been developed based on supercapacitor threads. However, current supercapacitor energy storage threads which use electrolytes based on aqueous gels have a 1 V potential window. This is much lower than the voltage required by most electronic devices. This current contribution presents an approach for fabricating a multilayer supercapacitor working as a circuit unit, in which series combinations of the multiple layer structures can achieve a higher potential window, which can better meet the needs of wearable electronic devices. Design/methodology/approach – Two-capacitive layer thread supercapacitors were fabricated using a semi-automatic dip coating method by coating two capacitive layers sequentially on a 50 μm stainless steel core wire, each capacitive layer includes ink, aqueous-based gel electrolyte and silver conductive paint layers. Findings – Two capacitive layers of the single thread supercapacitor can work independently, or as combination circuits – parallel and series. Cyclic voltammograms showed that all flexible circuits have high electrochemical stability. For the case of series circuit configuration, with H3PO-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel electrolyte, a working potential window of 2 V was achieved. Originality/value – A flexible single thread supercapacitor of multilayer structure, with working voltage above 1 V in H3PO4-PVA gel electrolyte, has not been reported before. A semi-automatic dip coating setup used to process the thread supercapacitor has high potential for transfer to an industrial environment for mass production.
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Zhang, Ye, and Rajesh Rajamani. "High-voltage thin-film supercapacitor with nano-structured electrodes and novel architecture." TECHNOLOGY 04, no. 01 (March 2016): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2339547816200016.
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With increasing interest in wearable sensors and electronics, there is an increasing need for thin-film electrical energy storage devices such as flexible solid state supercapacitors. A thin solid state multi-cell supercapacitor of high operating voltage and high areal energy density that utilizes a graphene and carbon nanotube (CNT) composite for electrodes is presented. The supercapacitor can be fabricated with just wet coating and laser reduction processes which can be easily scaled to make larger devices.
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Paul, Théophile, Tedjani Mesbahi, Sylvain Durand, Damien Flieller, and Wilfried Uhring. "Sizing of Lithium-Ion Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System for Forklift Vehicle." Energies 13, no. 17 (September 1, 2020): 4518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174518.
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Nowadays, electric vehicles are one of the main topics in the new industrial revolution, called Industry 4.0. The transport and logistic solutions based on E-mobility, such as handling machines, are increasing in factories. Thus, electric forklifts are mostly used because no greenhouse gas is emitted when operating. However, they are usually equipped with lead-acid batteries which present bad performances and long charging time. Therefore, combining high-energy density lithium-ion batteries and high-power density supercapacitors as a hybrid energy storage system results in almost optimal performances and improves battery lifespan. The suggested solution is well suited for forklifts which continuously start, stop, lift up and lower down heavy loads. This paper presents the sizing of a lithium-ion battery/supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system for a forklift vehicle, using the normalized Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI) drive cycle. To evaluate the performance of the lithium-ion battery/supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system, different sizing simulations are carried out. The suggested solution allows us to successfully optimize the system in terms of efficiency, volume and mass, in regard to the battery, supercapacitors technology and the energy management strategy chosen.
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Lencwe, Mpho J., S. P. Daniel Chowdhury, and Thomas O. Olwal. "An Effective Control for Lead-Acid Performance Enhancement in a Hybrid Battery-Supercapacitor System Used in Transport Vehicles." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (December 17, 2021): 13971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413971.
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Modern vehicles have increased functioning necessities, including more energy/power, storage for recovering decelerating energy, start/stop criteria, etc. However, lead-acid batteries (LABs) possess a shorter lifetime than lithium-ion and supercapacitors energy storage systems. The use of LABs harms the operation of transport vehicles. Therefore, this research paper pursues to improve the operating performance of LABs in association with their lifetime. Integrated LAB and supercapacitor improve the battery lifetime and efficiently provide for transport vehicles’ operational requirements and implementation. The study adopts an active-parallel topology approach to hybridise LAB and supercapacitor. A fully active-parallel topology structure comprises two DC-to-DC conversion systems. LAB and supercapacitor are connected as inputs to these converters to allow effective and easy control of energy and power. A cascaded proportional integrate-derivative (PID) controller regulates the DC-to-DC converters to manage the charge/release of combined energy storage systems. The PID controls energy share between energy storage systems, hence assisting in enhancing LAB lifetime. The study presents two case studies, including the sole battery application using different capacities, and the second, by combining a battery with a supercapacitor of varying capacity sizes. A simulation software tool, Matlab/Simulink, is used to develop the model and validate the results of the system. The simulation outcomes show that the battery alone cannot serve the typical transport vehicle (TV) requirements. The battery and output voltage of the DC-to-DC conversion systems stabilises at 12 V, which ensures consistent DC bus link voltage. The energy storage (battery) state-of-charge (SoC) is reserved in the range of 90% to 96%, thus increasing its lifespan by 8200 cycles. The battery is kept at the desired voltage to supply all connected loads on the DC bus at rated device voltage. The fully active topology model for hybrid LAB and supercapacitor provides a complete degree of control for individual energy sources, thus allowing the energy storage systems to operate as they prefer.
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Sivachidambaram, M., J. Judith Vijaya, K. Niketha, L. John Kennedy, E. Elanthamilan, and J. Princy Merlin. "Electrochemical Studies on Tamarindus indica Fruit Shell Bio-Waste Derived Nanoporous Activated Carbons for Supercapacitor Applications." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 19, no. 6 (June 1, 2019): 3388–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2019.16115.
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Supercapacitors are perfect energy storage devices; they can be charged almost instantly and release energy over a long period. Another advantage of using supercapacitors is their multipletimes chargeable behavior with minimum degradation in performance. Herein, we report the nanoporous activated carbon based modified electrodes prepared by using phosphoric acid (PA) activation method at different temperatures (600, 700, 800, and 900 °C) using bio-waste precursor, Tamarindus indica (T. indica) fruit shell. Because of their excellent energy storage capacity, in the present work, supercapacitive behavior of the nanoporous activated carbon based modified electrode has been demonstrated and hence the electrochemical properties of the developed supercapacitor electrodes are analyzed using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cycling studies using 1 M KOH as the electrolyte. The developed supercapacitor nanoporous activated carbon materials are characterized by X-ray diffraction, functional group analysis, surface area and morphological studies.
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M, Gowtham, Senthil Kumar N, Chandrasekar Sivakumar, and Mohanraj K. "Nanostructured and nanocomposite Tungsten Oxide electrodes for electrochemical energy storage: A Short Review." NanoNEXT 3, no. 2 (June 23, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.54392/nnxt2221.
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The stable and efficient supercapacitor investigation synthesized tungsten-based oxides using many approaches. The impact of the tungsten precursor on the product was significant in this research, and the most important consequences are highlighted. Supercapacitors and other energy storage devices have been using tungstate metal oxide because of its high electrical conductivity as well as low manufacturing costs. This article is mostly about how tungsten oxide-based electrodes for supercapacitors (SCs) and batteries have changed in recent years. Electrodes for energy storage devices made of nanostructured materials can benefit from a variety of features, including high surface-to-volume ratios, excellent charge transport capabilities, as well as excellent physical-chemical properties. Nanostructures and nanocomposites for supercapacitors and storage applications will be summarized in this paper.
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Hameed, S., I. Prabhakar Reddy, V. Ganesh, and Aruna rai Vadde. "An Efficient Energy Management Scheme for an Islanded DC Microgrid with Hybrid VRFB System." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (April 14, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9083307.
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This paper presents an efficient energy management scheme for an islanded DC microgrid included with vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) with supercapacitor based hybrid energy storage system for a 3-phase variable load profile. The analysed islanded DC microgrid system is composed with sources such as lithium-ion batteries, fuel cell, supercapacitors, and vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB), along with involved DC/DC (buck, boost, and bidirectional) and DC/DC converters. In this paper, an adaptive proportional plus integral (PI) control based energy management scheme is implemented. The main theme on which the performance of this system is analysed is the state of charge of energy storage devices (VRFB, supercapacitor, and Li-ion battery) and the overall efficiency of system. The voltage spikes due to sudden change in load have been regulated by using supercapacitor and Li-ion battery with VRFB. To minimize the fuel consumption, an adaptive proportional plus integral control strategy is being used. In this paper the modelling and simulations are carried out by using MATLAB/SIMULINK software to demonstrate minimizing the effect of load fluctuations with the help of supercapacitor and batteries by synchronizing it to the DC microgrid.
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Şahin, Mustafa. "Modelling of Supercapacitors Based on Simplified Equivalent Circuit." CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications 6, no. 1 (March 2021): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24295/cpsstpea.2021.00003.
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The need for energy storage devices especially in renewable energy applications has increased the use of supercapacitors. Accordingly, several supercapacitor models have been proposed in previous researches. Nevertheless, most of them require an intensive test to obtain the model parameters. These may not be suitable for an initial simulation study, where a simple model based on the datasheet is required to evaluate the system performance before building the hardware prototype. A simplified electrical circuit model for a supercapacitor (SC) based on the voltage-current equation is proposed in this paper to address this issue. This model doesn’t need an intensive test for accuracy. The structural simplicity and decent modelling accuracy make the equivalent electrical circuit model very suitable for power electronic applications and real-time energy management simulations. The parameters of the proposed model can be obtained from the datasheets value with a minimum test requirement. The experimental method to provide the parameters of the supercapacitor equivalent circuit is described. Based on the proposed method, the supercapacitor model is built in Matlab/Simulink, and the characteristics of equivalent series resistance (ESR) measurement and cycle life are compared with datasheets. The simulation results have verified that the proposed model can be applied to simulate the behaviour of the supercapacitor in most energy and power applications for a short time of energy storage. A supercapacitor test circuit is given to test the charge and discharge of supercapacitor modules. The experimental results are suitable for simulation results.
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Simon, Patrice, and Yury Gogotsi. "Charge storage mechanism in nanoporous carbons and its consequence for electrical double layer capacitors." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 368, no. 1923 (July 28, 2010): 3457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0109.
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Electrochemical capacitors, also known as supercapacitors, are energy storage devices that fill the gap between batteries and dielectric capacitors. Thanks to their unique features, they have a key role to play in energy storage and harvesting, acting as a complement to or even a replacement of batteries which has already been achieved in various applications. One of the challenges in the supercapacitor area is to increase their energy density. Some recent discoveries regarding ion adsorption in microporous carbon exhibiting pores in the nanometre range can help in designing the next generation of high-energy-density supercapacitors.
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Makar, Martin, Luka Pravica, and Martina Kutija. "Supercapacitor-Based Energy Storage in Elevators to Improve Energy Efficiency of Buildings." Applied Sciences 12, no. 14 (July 16, 2022): 7184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12147184.
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Improving energy efficiency is the most important goal for buildings today. One of the ways to increase energy efficiency is to use the regenerative potential of elevators. Due to the special requirements of elevator drives, energy storage systems based on supercapacitors are the most suitable for storing regenerative energy. This paper proposes an energy storage system consisting of a supercapacitor bank and a bidirectional six-phase interleaved DC/DC converter. The energy savings achieved by the proposed system were investigated through simulation tests. The proposed system was modeled considering all physical constraints. A simulation model of the existing faculty elevator system was created in PLECS and verified with field measurements. Reliable results were ensured by using the verified simulation model and considering all physical constraints. The operation of the proposed energy storage system was tested under various conditions. In addition, the simulation model of the elevator system with the proposed energy storage system was tested using the elevator traffic data obtained from the measurements. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed energy storage system and that significant energy savings can be achieved.
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Abbey, Chad, and Gza Joos. "Supercapacitor Energy Storage for Wind Energy Applications." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 43, no. 3 (2007): 769–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2007.895768.
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Sulistiyowati, Indah, Jamaaluddin Jamaaluddin, and Izza Anshory. "Hybrid Energy Storage Performance Evaluation of Fuel Cell Injection on Standalone Photovoltaic System." Journal of Electrical Technology UMY 6, no. 1 (July 21, 2022): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jet.v6i1.14841.
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In this research, some performance evaluations of battery as the main storageand supercapacitor as the supporting storage in a hybrid energy storage system werecarried out to determine the recommendations of whether fuel cells could be integratedinto a standalone photovoltaic system. In previous studies, the fuel cell circuit was judgedto be quite different by integration with a standalone photovoltaic system, and in thisstudy, observations were made on aspects of power quality such as voltage, current, andpower for the two energy storage systems. The research method is using simulation as themedium with several self-definition aspects on photovoltaic, fuel cell, battery, andsupercapacitor, also with their parameters. The result shows that on the battery, the fuelcell integration has no particular effect since the battery is the main storage, and thevoltage and current had minor perturbation. While in a supercapacitor, majorperturbation from the system had been absorbed due to the fuel cell integrationcharacteristic of giving major perturbation to the system. The main recommendation is bychoosing supporting storage instead of using both supercapacitors and fuel cells.
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Lee, Do Geun, Byeong Chul Lee, and Kyung-Hye Jung. "Preparation of Porous Carbon Nanofiber Electrodes Derived from 6FDA-Durene/PVDF Blends and Their Electrochemical Properties." Polymers 13, no. 5 (February 26, 2021): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13050720.
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Highly porous carbon electrodes for supercapacitors with high energy storage performance were prepared by using a new precursor blend of aromatic polyimide (PI) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). Supercapacitor electrodes were prepared through the electrospinning and thermal treatment of the precursor blends of aromatic PI and PVDF. Microstructures of the carbonized PI/PVDF nanofibers were studied using Raman spectroscopy. Nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements confirmed their high surface area and porosity, which is critical for supercapacitor performance. Energy storage performance was investigated and carbonized PI/PVDF showed a high specific capacitance of 283 F/g at 10 mV/s (37% higher than that of PI) and an energy density of 11.3 Wh/kg at 0.5 A/g (27% higher than that of PI) with high cycling stability.
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Luo, Weihua, Xinxin Li, and Jonathan Y. Chen. "All-fabric flexible supercapacitor for energy storage." Journal of Industrial Textiles 49, no. 8 (October 4, 2018): 1061–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083718804208.
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An all-fabric solid-state flexible supercapacitor has been fabricated using three types of commercial woven fabrics made of carbon fiber, activated carbon fiber, and polyester fiber, respectively. The activated carbon fiber fabric is viscose-based twill through carbonization and activation, followed by a deposition of CeO2 or ZnO nanoparticles through a hydrothermal process. The resultant fabric supercapacitor displays a high specific capacitance of 13.24 mF cm−2 at a scan rate of 0.2 mV s−1, an excellent capacitance retention of 87.6% at 5000 charge/discharge cycles, and a high energy density of 4.6 × 10−7 Wh cm−2 at a power density of 3.31 × 10−6 W cm−2. The supercapacitor is capable of bending in any angles without losing its performance, revealing an excellent flexibility. The facile, cost-effective fabrication process and excellent electrochemical performance allow this all-fabric solid-state flexible supercapacitor to be potentially used in new generation of wearable and self-powered electronic devices.
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Mehmood, Arsal. "Comparative Analytical Modeling and Performance Investigation of Graphene-Based Super Capacitor with Four Traditional Batteries." Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Applied Sciences (IJIAS) 1, no. 3 (October 28, 2021): 208–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47540/ijias.v1i3.303.
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Graphene, a magical development of 2004, has revolutionized today's energy storage technologies. It is nothing but a graphite two-dimensional (2D) allotropic pure carbon layer which is derived from a three-dimensional (3D) shape. Since batteries have been the most common storage device from the invention of the first electrical battery by an Italian physicist Alessandro Volta in 1799 A.D but batteries offer many drawbacks, such as length, weight, poor transient response, low power density, and high internal resistance. In this contrast, the impressive and unique properties of graphene supercapacitor such as high peak current, high surface area, high electrical conductivity, low internal resistance, high load current, long life cycle, high power density, low-temperature charging, and discharging make graphene supercapacitor a replacement of traditional energy storage devices and sets trend for the future. This analytical comparative analysis presents an overview between four traditional batteries and graphene-based supercapacitor. For this regard, dynamic models, modeling equations, and an integrated simulation model for batteries and graphene-supercapacitors under MATLAB/Simulink® 2020a environment is developed. In addition, the effect of temperature on battery output and graphene-supercapacitor is also addressed.
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Shaheen, A., Shahid Hussain, G. J. Qiao, Mohamed H. Mahmoud, Hassan Fouad, and M. S. Akhtar. "Outstanding Electrochemical Supercapacitor Performances of NiCo2O4 Nanoflowers." Science of Advanced Materials 13, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 2460–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2021.4162.
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Cost-efficient and dynamic electrode materials are required for high-performance renewable energy storage devices. A cost-effective and simple hydrothermal method was employed to prepare NiCo2O4(NCO) nanoflowers (NFs) as an electrode material for high-energy storage electrochemical supercapacitors. The as-prepared nanoflowers were characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, and TEM. NCO-NFs were first coated on nickel foam and then used as a binder-free electrode in a supercapacitor device. The fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor device showed excellent electrochemical properties. The highly conductive NCO-NFs material not only shows a high specific capacitance of 410F g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1 but also exhibits good cycling stability of 91% capacitive retention after 5000 cycles. The device also delivers a high energy density of 30 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 165 W kg−1. Our method provides a simple and promising strategy for high-performance supercapacitor electrode application.
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Al Fath, Yusril, Istiqomah, Nasikhudin, Markus Diantoro, Siti Zulaikah, Agus Subagio, Thathit Suprayogi, and Zurina Osman. "Various Low Magnetic Field Effect on Electrochemical Performance of Asymmetric Supercapacitor MnO<sub>2</sub>- Carbon-Based Composites." Materials Science Forum 1080 (January 30, 2023): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-l96ngv.
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Application of energy storage systems such as supercapacitors can not be separated from the magnetic fields effect. In the last decade, it’s rare to find research reports about various low magnetic field effects on supercapacitor performance. Asymmetric supercapacitors based on MnO2-Carbon were made to analyze its electrochemical performance changes by magnetic field in 0-50 mT. Magnetic field was applied in flow direction from cathode (MnO2-C) to anode (C) during electrochemical performance test using Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge (C-D) instrument. The electrochemical performance was increasing in charging (91%) and discharging (22%) time of asymmetric supercapacitors. Impressively, the 50 mT magnetic field showed a high specific capacitance of 61.9 F/g at 0.1 A/g. The supercapacitor system delivers specific energy (17.8 Wh/kg), specific power density (329.72 W/kg), and outstanding stability (79% in 50 cycles). The electrochemical improvement by magnetic field indicates a highly promising application of this method in future supercapacitor devices.
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Zhang, Cong, Dai Wang, Bin Wang, and Fan Tong. "Battery Degradation Minimization-Oriented Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric Vehicles." Energies 13, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13010246.
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A battery/supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system is developed to mitigate the battery degradation for electric vehicles. By coordinating the battery and supercapacitor, the proposed system avoids using the large bidirectional DC/DC. Through the improved topology and two added controlled switches, the battery current can be managed flexibly. Based on the battery and supercapacitor voltage, seven operation modes of battery and capacitor cooperation are designed. The control strategy is redesigned to match the modes, in which the key control parameters are calibrated based on three standard driving cycles. During driving, the proposed system calls the predefined parameter set by the cycle recognition technique. The objective of the cycle-related control is to maximize the harvest of the braking energy and minimize battery degradation in various driving styles. Taking the battery case solely as a benchmark and the infinite supercapacitors case as the largest battery degradation mitigation scenario, the battery degradation quantification of the proposed energy storage system shows more than 80% mitigation of the maximum theoretical battery degradation mitigation on urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS), highway fuel economy cycle (HWFET), and high-speed (US06) driving cycle, respectively. During the tested driving cycles, the simulation result indicates the battery degradation reduced by 30% more than the battery solely scenario, which proves the benefit of the proposed system.
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Uloom, N. A., T. M. N. T. Mansur, R. Ali, N. H. Baharudin, and A. M. Abdullah. "A Comparative Study of Hybrid Energy Storage System using Battery and Supercapacitor for Stand-Alone Solar PV System." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2312, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 012075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2312/1/012075.
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Abstract The standalone solar power system has long been used to meet the electrical needs of basic building structures. To counter the natural supply–demand imbalance caused by solar energy, standalone solar PV system often include energy storage devices, primarily lead–acid batteries. Due to lead-acid battery limitations, solar systems often have higher operational costs compared to traditional power systems. It has been discovered that a supercapacitor-battery hybrid energy storage device can be used to prolong the cycle life of a battery system by reducing the charge–discharge stress caused by variable power exchange. This research examines the influence of a supercapacitor on a photovoltaic system that makes use of a hybrid energy storage system that includes both batteries and supercapacitors in order to lessen the stress placed on the batteries. The methodology involves data collection for load profile and meteorological information, designing solar PV system, and simulation using Matlab SIMULINK to study the effect of supercapacitor on battery current of the evaluated system. Three different energy storage system topologies in building applications were simulated, and their ability in managing battery stress was investigated and evaluated. From the result, it is clear that by applying passive HES system, 53% of battery current can be reduced compared to battery-only system and 92% of reduction can be achieved by using semi-active HES system.
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Zheng, Feng, Qiang Zhen, Sajid Bashir, and Jingbo Louise Liu. "(Digital Presentation) Ternary Metal Oxide Electrodes Used in Supercapacitor to Improve Emerging Energy Storage." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 38 (July 7, 2022): 1685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01381685mtgabs.
Full textAbstract:
Supercapacitors with improved specific capacitance (F g-1), long cycling life, high power (W kg-1), and energy densities (Whkg-1) were fabricated to close the gap between traditional and emerging energy storage materials. We developed responsive supercapacitor electrodes with heterojunctions composed of well-aligned vanadium (V) oxide (V2O5) ribbon arrays and manganese (IV) oxide (MnO2) nanoparticles sphere-network structure. The V2O5 arrays were deposited on the nickel foam substrate using a cost-effective and green hydrothermal chemistry, followed by a MnO2 nano-grafting. The architectural MnO2 modification successfully increased highly reactive interfaces with channels for efficient ion transport. Electrochemical evaluation of this ternary metal oxide system indicated that mesopores and macropores among the MnO2 generated channels that increased electron conduction and shortened ion diffusion pathways. The hybrid electrodes have demonstrated a specific capacitance as high as 788 F g−1 at 5 mV s-1, an improved cyclic steadiness averaged at 92.5 % after 5000 cycles. The charge transfer resistances of these electrodes were lowered to 4.6 Ω and the effective diffusion coefficient of Li+ was 7.90 × 10−9 cm2 s−1. The symmetrical supercapacitor device assembled by the hybrid electrode achieved a high energy density of 138 W h kg-1 at a power density of 450 W kg-1 was achieved and retained at 81.0 W h kg-1 at 9000 W kg-1 after 5000 cycles. The advances in designing nanostructured supercapacitor electrode materials based on these heterojunction arrays enhanced the properties of supercapacitors including specific capacitance, energy density, and cycle stability. Figure 1