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Journal articles on the topic 'Superelastic NiTi'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Cameron, Nicole, and Zoheir Farhat. "Single Particle Erosion Behavior of NiTi-Based Nanolaminates and Superelastic NiTi Monolayer Coatings." Coatings 9, no. 10 (September 27, 2019): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9100617.

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Bulk NiTi is used to make parts, such as couplings and bearings, that can be found in many industries such as the automotive, aerospace and medical sectors. Forming and machining bulk superelastic NiTi is a very difficult and costly process; however, applying NiTi as a surface coating will provide an alternate manufacturing method that will minimize machining processes. The objective of this study is to produce a superelastic NiTi-based surface coating that exhibits denting, impact and wear resistance. Superelastic NiTi has been successfully produced through vacuum deposition processes, despite this, there is a lack of a full and comprehensive study on the formation of the NiTi phase during coating development. In this study, the NiTi phase is fabricated through the annealing of sputtered deposited Ti and Ni layers in a coating. To confirm the presence of the intermetallic phases, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) analysis were performed. The erosion behavior of the coating is evaluated through single particle erosion testing, which resulted in the coatings that contained the NiTi precipitates to exhibit the best damage resistance compared to the other nanolaminates. This indicates that the superelastic NiTi phase increases the resistance to impacting particles. Microstructural evolution and NiTi formation during annealing is discussed and related to the observed damage resistance of the coatings.

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Kumaran, Deepa, Shantha Sundari, and Shyamala Chandrasekhar. "A Systematic review on aligning efficiency of superelastic NITI: in comparison with conventional NITI and multistranded stainless steel archwires." International Journal of Dental Research 5, no. 1 (April 5, 2017): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijdr.v5i1.7355.

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Background: The initial leveling and aligning phase of orthodontic treatment involve the use of nickel titanium wires. The nickel titanium wires exhibit unique properties like shape memory and superelasticity. In the beginning, conventional nitinol wires were used, which lacked the superelastic property. Nowadays, superelastic nickel titanium wires are being used commonly. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficiency of Superelastic NITi in the initial alignment of orthodontic treatment in comparison with conventional NiTi and multistranded stainless steel archwires by measuring the amount of decrowding and the time taken for decrowding.Method: A systematic literature search was performed on Pubmed, Cochrane, Google scholar & Lilacs.Result: Thirty four studies were identified by the search and ten studies satisfied the inclusion criteria and one study was excluded after abstract reading. Finally nine articles were included for quality assessment.Conclusion: This systematic review concluded that there was no significant differences in the aligning efficiency of superelastic NiTi in comparison with conventional NiTi and multistranded stainless steel wires.

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Nucera, Riccardo, Elda Gatto, Chiara Borsellino, Pasquale Aceto, Francesca Fabiano, Giovanni Matarese, Letizia Perillo, and Giancarlo Cordasco. "Influence of bracket-slot design on the forces released by superelastic nickel-titanium alignment wires in different deflection configurations." Angle Orthodontist 84, no. 3 (September 25, 2013): 541–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/060213-416.1.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate how different bracket-slot design characteristics affect the forces released by superelastic nickel-titanium (NiTi) alignment wires at different amounts of wire deflection. Materials and Methods: A three-bracket bending and a classic-three point bending testing apparatus were used to investigate the load-deflection properties of one superelastic 0.014-inch NiTi alignment wire in different experimental conditions. The selected NiTi archwire was tested in association with three bracket systems: (1) conventional twin brackets with a 0.018-inch slot, (2) a self-ligating bracket with a 0.018-inch slot, and (3) a self-ligating bracket with a 0.022-inch slot. Wire specimens were deflected at 2 mm and 4 mm. Results: Use of a 0.018-inch slot bracket system, in comparison with use of a 0.022-inch system, increases the force exerted by the superelastic NiTi wires at a 2-mm deflection. Use of a self-ligating bracket system increases the force released by NiTi wires in comparison with the conventional ligated bracket system. NiTi wires deflected to a different maximum deflection (2 mm and 4 mm) release different forces at the same unloading data point (1.5 mm). Conclusion: Bracket design, type of experimental test, and amount of wire deflection significantly affected the amount of forces released by superelastic NiTi wires (P < .05). This phenomenon offers clinicians the possibility to manipulate the wire's load during alignment.

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Janouchova, Katerina, Ludek Heller, and Monika Vysanska. "Functional warp-knitted fabrics with integrated superelastic niti filaments." Autex Research Journal 12, no. 2 (October 1, 2012): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10304-012-0007-7.

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Abstract We report on a particular direction of currently conducted extended research on novel textiles with integrated thin metallic filaments made of an intermetallic shape memory NiTi alloy exhibiting functional behaviour such as superelastic deformation up to 10% and a thermally induced shape memory effect. Within this research direction we focus on development of single and multi-layered warp-knitted fabrics that are directionally reinforced with superelastic NiTi filaments. First, we describe the expected properties of such novel structures and their potential applications. Second, we present the functional thermomechanical behaviour of applied superelastic NiTi filaments. Third, we address questions related to the design and fabrication of warp-knitted fabrics with integrated NiTi filaments. Then, we describe experimental methods applied on novel functional textiles in order to evaluate their functional properties. Finally, we present and discuss results of experiments carried out on these novel functional textiles.

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5

Della Corte, Christopher. "Novel Super-Elastic Materials for Advanced Bearing Applications." Advances in Science and Technology 89 (October 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.89.1.

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Tribological surfaces of mechanical components encounter harsh conditions in terrestrial, marine and aerospace environments. Brinell denting, abrasive wear and fatigue often lead to life-limiting bearing and gear failures. Novel superelastic materials based upon Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) alloys are an emerging solution. NiTi alloys are intermetallic materials that possess characteristics of both metals and ceramics. NiTi alloys have intrinsically good aqueous corrosion resistance (they cannot rust), high hardness, relatively low elastic modulus, are chemically inert and readily lubricated. NiTi alloys also belong to the family of superelastics and, despite high hardness, are able to withstand large strains without suffering permanent plastic deformation. In this paper, the use of a hard, resilient NiTi alloy for corrosion-proof, shockproof bearing and gear applications is presented. Through a series of bearing and gear development projects, it is demonstrated that NiTi’s unique blend of material properties lead to significantly improved load capacity, reduced weight and intrinsic corrosion resistance not found in any other bearing materials. NiTi thus represents a new materials solution to demanding tribological applications.

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6

Liu, Shifeng, Song Han, Liqiang Wang, Jingbo Liu, and Huiping Tang. "Effects of Nb on the Microstructure and Compressive Properties of an As-Cast Ni44Ti44Nb12 Eutectic Alloy." Materials 12, no. 24 (December 9, 2019): 4118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12244118.

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The addition of Nb can form a eutectic phase with a NiTi matrix in a NiTi-based shape memory alloy, improving the transition hysteresis of the NiTi alloy. A Ni44Ti44Nb12 ingot was prepared using the vacuum induction melting technique. Under compression deformation, the yield strength of the NiTi–Nb alloy is about 1000 MPa, the maximum compressive strength and strain can reach 3155 MPa and 43%, respectively. Ni44Ti44Nb12 exhibited a superelastic recovery similar to that of the as-cast NiTi50. Meanwhile, the loading–unloading cycle compression shows that the superelastic recovery strain reached a maximum value (2.32%) when the total strain was about 15%, and the superelasticity tends to rise first and then decrease as the strain increases.

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7

Qian, Hui, Hongnan Li, Gangbing Song, and Wei Guo. "A Constitutive Model for Superelastic Shape Memory Alloys Considering the Influence of Strain Rate." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/248671.

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Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are a relatively new class of functional materials, exhibiting special thermomechanical behaviors, such as shape memory effect and superelasticity, which enable their applications in seismic engineering as energy dissipation devices. This paper investigates the properties of superelastic NiTi shape memory alloys, emphasizing the influence of strain rate on superelastic behavior under various strain amplitudes by cyclic tensile tests. A novel constitutive equation based on Graesser and Cozzarelli’s model is proposed to describe the strain-rate-dependent hysteretic behavior of superelastic SMAs at different strain levels. A stress variable including the influence of strain rate is introduced into Graesser and Cozzarelli’s model. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed constitutive equation, experiments on superelastic NiTi wires with different strain rates and strain levels are conducted. Numerical simulation results based on the proposed constitutive equation and experimental results are in good agreement. The findings in this paper will assist the future design of superelastic SMA-based energy dissipation devices for seismic protection of structures.

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8

Quandt, Eckhard, and C. Zamponi. "Superelastic NiTi Thin Films for Medical Applications." Advances in Science and Technology 59 (September 2008): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.59.190.

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Shape memory alloys are able to provide high work output when due to the martensitic transformation. Therefore, they are a promising candidate for actuation mechanisms in microsystems, e.g. in microvalves. Sputter deposited SMA thin films are already in use as free-standing films or as composites. Since it is also possible to deposit and structure the SMA composites on Si substrates by photolithographic techniques, the fabrication process is compatible to MEMS and therefore most favorable for an number of applications. Superelastic shape memory materials are of special interest in medical applications due to the large strains at constant stress and their biocompatibility. Superelastic NiTi thin films have been fabricated by magnetron sputtering using cast melted targets. Special heat treatment was performed to adjust superelastic properties and transformation temperatures. A superelastic strain of up to 6.5% at 37°C was obtained. Although NiTi shows an excellent biocompatibility enhanced antibacterial properties would significantly broaden its application range. Coatings containing Ag have already been used for this application. In order to apply this approach to TiNi-based alloys thin films of different TiNiAg compositions have been prepared by sputtering.

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9

Gravina, Marco Abdo, Ione Helena Vieira Portella Brunharo, Cristiane Canavarro, Carlos Nelson Elias, and Cátia Cardoso Abdo Quintão. "Mechanical properties of NiTi and CuNiTi shape-memory wires used in orthodontic treatment. Part 1: stress-strain tests." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 18, no. 4 (August 2013): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2176-94512013000400007.

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OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to compare, through traction tests, eight types of superelastic and heat-activated NiTi archwires, by six trade companies (GAC, TP, Ormco, Masel, Morelli and Unitek) to those with addition of copper (CuNiTi 27ºC and 35ºC, Ormco). METHODS: The tests were performed in an EMIC mechanical testing machine, model DL10000, capacity of 10 tons, at the Military Institute of Engineering (IME). RESULTS: The results showed that, generally, heat-activated NiTi archwires presented slighter deactivation loadings in relation to superelastic. Among the archwires that presented deactivation loadings biologically more adequate are the heat-activated by GAC and by Unitek. Among the superelastic NiTi, the CuNiTi 27ºC by Ormco were the ones that presented slighter deactivation loadings, being statistically (ANOVA) similar, to the ones presented by the heat-activated NiTi archwires by Unitek. When compared the CuNiTi 27ºC and 35ºC archwires, it was observed that the 27ºC presented deactivation forces of, nearly, ⅓ of the presented by the 35ºC. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the CuNiTi 35ºC archwires presented deactivation loadings biologically less favorable in relation to the other heat-activated NiTi archwires, associated to lower percentage of deformation, on the constant baselines of deactivation, showing less adequate mechanical behavior, under traction, in relation to the other archwires.

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10

Sprincenatu, Roxana, Madalin Condel, Sergiu Barbos, Andrei Novac, Ion Mitelea, and Corneliu Craciunescu. "Superelastic Behavior in NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Wires and Ribbons." Solid State Phenomena 254 (August 2016): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.254.278.

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Shape memory alloy ribbons in austenitic state were studied in a tensile testing machine in order to assess their superelastic behavior. They were compared with conventional materials and hair wire. The shape memoy alloy ribbon shows a particular behavior, with an ultimate tensile stress of about 1450 MPa reached at 9.5 % strain. The superelastic plateau was recorded around 590 MPa on loading and around 350 MPa on the unloading branch. Following multiple loading and unloading cycles, the superelastic behavior was not affected, nor was affected the ultimate tensile strength, that remained in the same range as for the one tested before cycling. The advantages of the superelastic ribbon compared to the ones of conventional materials are discussed. The superelastic properties of the ribbon are in the range of single crystals on what concerns the recoverable strains. This is attributed to the particular fine microstructure of the NiTi ribbon.

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11

Shaw, John A., David S. Grummon, and John Foltz. "Superelastic NiTi honeycombs: fabrication and experiments." Smart Materials and Structures 16, no. 1 (January 15, 2007): S170—S178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/16/1/s17.

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12

Siddons, D. J., and J. R. Moon. "Behaviour in torsion of superelastic NiTi." Materials Science and Technology 18, no. 6 (June 2002): 702–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/026708302225002164.

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13

Predki, W., and M. Klönne. "Superelastic NiTi-alloys under torsional loading." Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings) 112 (October 2003): 807–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20031004.

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14

Quintino, L., L. Liu, R. M. Miranda, R. J. C. Silva, A. Hu, and Y. Zhou. "Cutting NiTi with Femtosecond Laser." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/198434.

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Superelastic shape memory alloys are difficult to machine by thermal processes due to the facility for Ti oxidation and by mechanical processes due to their superelastic behavior. In this study, femtosecond lasers were tested to analyze the potential for machining NiTi since femtosecond lasers allow nonthermal processing of materials by ablation. The effect of processing parameters on machining depth was studied, and material removal rates were computed. Surfaces produced were analyzed under SEM which shows a resolidified thin layer with minimal heat affected zones. However, for high cutting speeds, that is, for short interaction times, this layer was not observed. A depletion of Ni was seen which may be beneficial in biomedical applications since Ni is known to produce human tissue reactions in biophysical environments.

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15

Li, Zhi, and Zoheir Farhat. "The Effect of the Formation of Superelastic NiTi Phase on Static and Dynamic Corrosion Performance of Ni-P Coating." Solids 2, no. 3 (August 2, 2021): 278–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/solids2030018.

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The addition of superelastic NiTi particles is a great benefit to the toughness of the Ni-P coating. Nonetheless, NiTi nanopowder costs 10 times more than Ti nanopowder. Therefore, in the present study, to reduce the cost, Ni-P-NiTi composite coatings were prepared on AISI 1018 steel substrates by the electroless incorporation of Ti nanoparticles into Ni-P followed by the annealing of Ni-P-Ti coatings. The effect of the formation of a superelastic NiTi phase on static and dynamic corrosion performance was investigated. It was found that the annealed Ni-P-Ti coating (i.e., Ni-P-NiTi coating) has much higher static corrosion resistance than the as-deposited Ni-P coating. The dynamic corrosion rates in the absence of abrasive particles are 10 times higher than the static corrosion rates of the coatings. The dynamic corrosion rates in the presence of abrasive particles are one order of magnitude higher than the dynamic corrosion rates in the absence of abrasive particles. The formation of a superelastic NiTi phase considerably improved the static and dynamic corrosion performance of the Ni-P coating. In the absence of abrasive particles under flowing condition, the dynamic corrosion resistance of the annealed Ni-P-Ti coating (i.e., Ni-P-NiTi coating) is 19 times higher than that of the as-deposited Ni-P coating. In the most aggressive environment (in the presence of abrasive particles), the dynamic corrosion resistance of the annealed Ni-P-Ti coating (i.e., Ni-P-NiTi coating) is four times higher than that of the as-deposited Ni-P coating. The annealed Ni-P-Ti coating (i.e., Ni-P-NiTi coating) can be used in applications where high corrosion resistance is required, especially in an extremely aggressive environment.

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16

Assawakawintip, Thanate, Rochaya Chintavalakorn, Peerapong Santiwong, and Anak Khantachawana. "Effect of Heat Treatment Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Custom-Made NiTi Closed Coil Springs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 897 (April 2020): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.897.35.

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To investigate the effects of different temperatures for heat treatment of custom-made NiTi closed coil springs. NiTi closed coil springs (50.8% Ni-49.2%Ti) were manually fabricated around a 0.9mm diameter mandrel and heat treated at temperatures of 400°C, 450°C, and 500°C for 20 minutes. The outer diameter of each specimen was measured to determine the effect of heat treatment temperature on spring geometry. Tensile tests were carried out to measure the force levels at 3, 6, 9, and 12 mm of spring extension. Non-parametric statistical analyses were done to assess and compare the effects of different temperatures of heat treatment on the custom-made orthodontic closed coil springs. Heat treatment at lower temperatures produced larger outer coil diameters than at higher temperatures. Raising the temperature of heat treatment produced significant increases in force levels by 13-18 g especially between 400°C and 500°C at spring extensions of 3, 6 and 9 mm. The highest superelastic ratio of 5.44 was found in the NiTi coil springs that were heat treatment at 500°C for 20 minutes which signifies superelastic tendencies. The mechanical properties of NiTi closed coil springs are influenced by the temperature of heat treatment. The NiTi closed coil springs that were heat treated at 500°C for 20 minutes produce appropriate force levels to display a superelastic tendency for orthodontic use.

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17

Olsen, Jim Stian, Zhi Liang Zhang, and Casper van der Eijk. "Effect of Micro-Voids on Plasticity in NiTi-Alloys." Advances in Science and Technology 59 (September 2008): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.59.135.

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Recent experimental investigations have indicated that commercial NiTi superelastic alloys consist of particles and inclusions which can nucleate micro-voids. Almost no study on the effect of micro-voids has been carried out in the literature. In this study the effect of micro-voids and plasticity on the behaviour of a superelastic NiTi-alloy has been investigated. Axisymmetric unit cell models with different micro-void volume fractions have been analysed subjected to various stress triaxiality states. It is shown that the onset of plasticity is located at the void edge as the maximum stress initially occurs at this position. The finite element results indicate that the existence of micro-voids can reduce the re-centring capabilities in NiTi-alloys and that this effect should be taken into consideration of constitutive equations.

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18

Nematzadeh, Fardin. "A computational study on the effect of bending number on superelastic behavior of NiTi for medical application." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 31, no. 18 (July 25, 2020): 2117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x20942568.

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NiTi self-expanding stents can be exploited in medical applications such as thoracic aortic aneurysm owing to its effects on minimizing problems such as low twistability, unsuitable dynamic performance, and inadequate radial mechanical strength. The present simulation models NiTi superelasticity based on the thermodynamics of the Helmholtz free energy (Auricchio theory) and the thermodynamics of the Gibbs free energy (Lagoudas theory). The three-dimensional nonlinear finite element method is used to evaluate the influences of bend number on the superelastic manners of new geometries designed for Z-shaped thoracic aortic aneurysm NiTi stents by the use of a radial strain (crimping) test. NiTi stents with the lowest number of bends and highest segment length showed the best mechanical performance owing to their lower chronic outward force, higher radial resistive force, and whole superelastic behavior. This numerical study can provide a suitable way of assessing the biomechanical properties of thoracic aortic aneurysm stents given the effects of geometrical parameters.

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19

Vokoun, David, Jan Pilch, Lukáš Kadeřávek, and Petr Šittner. "Strength of Superelastic NiTi Velcro-Like Fasteners." Metals 11, no. 6 (June 3, 2021): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11060909.

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Velcro hook-and-loop fasteners invented more than 70 years ago are examples of the mechanism inspired by the tiny hooks found on the surface of burs of a plant commonly known as burdock. Several years ago, a novel Velcro-like fastener made of two arrays of hook-shaped thin NiTi wires was developed. Unique features of such fasteners, such as high thermally-tunable strength, fair force–stroke reproducibility, forceless contact or silent release, all derive from the superelasticity of the NiTi micro-wires. Recently, it was noticed that the presented fastener design allowed for a prediction of the number of active hooks. In this continuing study, the tension strength of the fastener was simulated as a function of hook density. Based on statistics, the model showed non-linear dependency of the number of interlocked hooks, N, on the hook density, m (N = round (0.21 m + 0.0035 m2 − 6.6)), for the simple hook pairs and the given hook geometry. The dependence of detachment force on stroke was simulated based on the Gaussian distribution of unhooking of individual hook connections along the stroke. The strength of the studied NiTi hook fasteners depended on hook density approximately linearly. The highest strength per cm2 reached at room temperature was 10.5 Ncm−2 for a density of m = 240 hooks/cm2.

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20

Arsenova, I. A., P. G. Sysolyatin, and V. E. Gunther. "Midface endoprosthetics with superelastic porous niti implants." International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 34 (January 2005): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0901-5027(05)80941-5.

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21

Tillmann, Wolfgang, and Soroush Momeni. "Deposition of superelastic composite NiTi based films." Vacuum 104 (June 2014): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2013.12.010.

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22

Schneevoigt, R., A. Haase, V. L. Eckardt, W. Harzer, and C. Bourauel. "Laboratory analysis of superelastic NiTi compression springs." Medical Engineering & Physics 21, no. 2 (March 1999): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1350-4533(99)00034-x.

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23

Tazarv, Mostafa, and M. Saiid Saiidi. "Reinforcing NiTi Superelastic SMA for Concrete Structures." Journal of Structural Engineering 141, no. 8 (August 2015): 04014197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0001176.

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24

Schmidt, Ina, and Rolf Lammering. "The damping behaviour of superelastic NiTi components." Materials Science and Engineering: A 378, no. 1-2 (July 2004): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.09.106.

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25

Bravo, L. A., A. González de Cabañes, J. M. Manero, E. Rúperez, and F. Javier Gil. "NiTi superelastic orthodontic archwires with polyamide coating." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 25, no. 2 (October 24, 2013): 555–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-5070-7.

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Santos, Leandro de Arruda, Pedro Damas Resende, Maria Guiomar de Azevedo Bahia, and Vicente Tadeu Lopes Buono. "Effects of R-Phase on Mechanical Responses of a Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Instrument: Structural Characterization and Finite Element Analysis." Scientific World Journal 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7617493.

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The effects of the presence of the R-phase in a near-equiatomic NiTi alloy on the mechanical responses of an endodontic instrument were studied by using finite element analysis. The input data for the constitutive model in the simulation were obtained by tensile testing of three NiTi wires: superelastic austenite NiTi, austenite + R-phase NiTi, and fully R-phased NiTi. The wires were also characterized by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. A commercially available endodontic instrument was scanned using microcomputed tomography, and the resulting images were used to build the geometrical model. The numerical analyses were performed in ABAQUS using load and boundary conditions based on the ISO 3630-1 specification for the bending and torsion of endodontic instruments. The modeled instrument containing only R-phase demanded the lowest moment to be bent, followed by the one with mixed austenite + R-phase. The superelastic instrument, containing essentially austenite, required the highest bending moment. During bending, the fully R-phased instrument reached the lowest stress values; however, it also experienced the highest angular deflection when subjected to torsion. In summary, this simulation showed that NiTi endodontic instruments containing only R-phase in their microstructure would show higher flexibility without compromising their performance under torsion.

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27

Lan, Li, Alan Kin Tak Lau, Yan Sheng Yin, and Liu Tong. "Annealing Temperature Effect on Superelastic and Cyclic Response of NiTi SMA." Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (August 2009): 2243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.2243.

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To characterize the thermomechanical response, especially the superelastic behavior of NiTi shape memory alloys (SMAs), the DSC and tensile cycle test of NiTi of different annealing temperature have been presented. There’s no remarkable phase transformation peak, however, the stable tensile cycle curve and maximum dissipated energy have been observed at annealing temperature of 673K.

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28

Figueiredo, Ana Maria Gontijo, Berenice Mendonça Gonzalez, Vicente Tadeu Lopes Buono, and Paulo José Modenesi. "Fatigue Life Curves of NiTi Alloys – The Z Effect." Materials Science Forum 643 (March 2010): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.643.69.

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Superelasticity is closely related to shape memory effect. It refers to the property presented by some materials submitted to large strains (usually up to about 8%) to restore their original shape immediately after unloading without the need of heating. This phenomenon results directly from a diffusionless transformation of the material from an austenitic to a martensitic phase (martensitic transformation). The recovering mechanism is the reverse transformation, from martensite to austenite. This paper compares fatigue live curves obtained in bending-rotation fatigue tests carried out on wires of NiTi alloys with three different microstructures, stable austenite, unstable austenite (superelastic), and stable martensite. These curves are also compared to data from the literature. The tests were strain controlled and the wires were submitted to strain amplitudes from 0.6% to 12.0%. To minimize changes in material properties, the wire temperature was monitored using a thermocouple and controlled by its rotation speed. For strain amplitudes up to 4%, the εa-Nf curve for superelastic wires was consistent with those reported in the literature, closely approaching the curve of the stable austenite wire. For higher strain amplitudes, fatigue life of superelastic wires increased with strain until it approached the fatigue life curve of stable martensitic wire. This unusual behavior results in a “Z-shaped” curve for high strain values. It is possibly linked to the changes in microstructure and fatigue properties that occur when the superelastic material is deformed.

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Abdelrahman, Reem Sh, Kazem S. Al-Nimri, and Emad F. Al Maaitah. "Pain experience during initial alignment with three types of nickel-titanium archwires: A prospective clinical trial." Angle Orthodontist 85, no. 6 (January 28, 2015): 1021–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/071614-498.1.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To clinically evaluate the pain intensity during the week following initial placement of three different orthodontic aligning archwires. Materials and Methods: A consecutive sample of 75 patients requiring upper and lower fixed orthodontic appliances were alternately allocated into three different archwires (0.014-inch superelastic NiTi, 0.014-inch thermoelastic NiTi or 0.014-inch conventional NiTi). Assessments of pain/discomfort were made on a daily basis over the first 7-day period after bonding by means of visual analog scale and consumption of analgesics. The maximum pain score was recorded. The possible associations between age, gender, degree of crowding, and teeth irregularity and the pain intensity were also examined. Demographic and clinical differences between the three groups were compared with chi-square test or analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results: No statistically significant differences were found in the pain intensity when the three aligning NiTi archwires were compared (P = .63). No significant differences in pain perception were found in terms of gender, age, lower arch crowding, and incisor irregularity. The intake of analgesics was the least in the superelastic NiTi group. Conclusion: The three forms of NiTi wires were similar in terms of pain intensity during the initial aligning stage of orthodontic fixed appliance therapy. Gender, age, and the degree of crowding have no effect on the perceived discomfort experienced by patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.

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Bartzela, Theodosia N., Christiane Senn, and Andrea Wichelhaus. "Load-Deflection Characteristics of Superelastic Nickel-Titanium Wires." Angle Orthodontist 77, no. 6 (November 1, 2007): 991–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/101206-423.1.

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Abstract Objective: To determine the mechanical properties of commercially available thermodynamic wires and to classify these wires mathematically into different groups. Materials and Methods: The samples examined were 48 nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy orthodontic wires commercially available from five manufacturers. These samples included 0.016-inch, 0.016- × 0.022-inch, 0.017- × 0.025-inch, and 0.018- × 0.025-inch wires. The superelastic properties of the NiTi wires were evaluated by conducting the three-point bending test under uniform testing conditions. The group classification was made under mathematically restricted parameters, and the final classification was according to their clinical plateau length. Results: The orthodontic wires tested are classified as follows: (1) true superelastic wires, which presented a clinical plateau length of ≥0.5 mm; (2) borderline superelastic with a clinical plateau length of <0.5 mm and >0.05 mm; and (3) nonsuperelastic, with a clinical plateau length of ≤0.05 mm. The results showed that the range of products displays big variations in quantitative and qualitative behavior. A fraction of the tested wires showed weak superelasticity, and others showed no superelasticity. Some of the products showed permanent deformation after the three-point bending test. Conclusion: A significant fraction of the tested wires showed no or only weak superelasticity. The practitioner should be informed for the load-deflection characteristics of the NiTi orthodontic wires to choose the proper products for the given treatment needs.

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Vaidyanathan, R., M. A. M. Bourke, and D. C. Dunand. "Anin situneutron diffraction mechanical study of superelastic NiTi and NiTi-TiC composites." Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings) 112 (October 2003): 823–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20031008.

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Predki, Wolfgang, and Martin Kloenne. "Damping of Superelastic NiTi-Alloys under Torsional Loading." Materials Science Forum 394-395 (May 2002): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.394-395.115.

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Vieira, L. Alberty, F. M. Braz Fernandes, R. M. Miranda, R. J. C. Silva, L. Quintino, A. Cuesta, and J. L. Ocaña. "Mechanical behaviour of Nd:YAG laser welded superelastic NiTi." Materials Science and Engineering: A 528, no. 16-17 (June 2011): 5560–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.03.089.

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Koskinen, J., E. Haimi, A. Mahiout, V. K. Lindroos, and S. P. Hannula. "Superelastic NiTi coatings with good corrosive wear resistance." Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings) 112 (October 2003): 1137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20031083.

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Lekston, Zdzisław, Jan Drugacz, and Henryk Morawiec. "Application of superelastic NiTi wires for mandibular distraction." Materials Science and Engineering: A 378, no. 1-2 (July 2004): 537–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.12.061.

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Tobushi, H., D. Shimada, and H. Horikawa. "Deformation of Superelastic and High-Elastic NiTi Alloys." Proceedings of Conference of Tokai Branch 2002.51 (2002): 277–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmetokai.2002.51.277.

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Siddons, D. J., and J. R. Moon. "Tensile and compression performance of superelastic NiTi tubing." Materials Science and Technology 17, no. 9 (September 2001): 1073–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/026708301101511202.

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FIGUEIREDO, A., P. MODENESI, and V. BUONO. "Low-cycle fatigue life of superelastic NiTi wires." International Journal of Fatigue 31, no. 4 (April 2009): 751–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2008.03.014.

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Meng, Ling Jie, Yan Li, Xin Qing Zhao, and Hui Bin Xu. "Effects of Annealing on Phase Transformation and Mechanical Behaviors of NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Ultra Thin Sheet." Materials Science Forum 546-549 (May 2007): 2257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.546-549.2257.

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The phase transformation and mechanical behaviors of cold-rolled NiTi shape memory alloys ultra-thin sheet with 100μm in thickness are investigated. The transformation behaviors of the NiTi sheet are found to be remarkably influenced by heat treatment using electric resistance vs. temperature measurements. The martensitic transformation temperature reduced by annealing at 400°C or 600°C, and R-phase transformation appears when annealing at 400°C. The martensitic reorientation occurs when the NiTi sheets annealed at 400°C is deformed at room temperature and the maximum shape memory strain is 3.5% at 100% recovery ratio. For the NiTi sheets annealed at 600°C, a superelastic strain of 5% and a transformation stress about 500MPa are achieved.

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Legrand, Vincent, Sylvain Moyne, Laurent Pino, Shabnam Arbab Chirani, Sylvain Calloch, Reza Arbab Chirani, and Valerie Chevalier. "Mechanical Behavior Study of NiTi Endodontic Files Taking into Account Anatomic Shape of Root Canals." Materials Science Forum 738-739 (January 2013): 549–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.738-739.549.

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Superelastic NiTi SMA is the base of endodontic files. The flexibility of these instruments permits the preparation of root canals. Unfortunately the intracanal file separation can occur. To have a good idea of the mechanical behavior of these instruments, we propose in this study the finite elements simulations taking into account the real shape of root canals. This has been possible by using a well adapted model describing all the particularities of superelastic SMA and by using representative limit conditions.

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Frost, Miroslav, Petr Sedlák, and Petr Šittner. "Numerical Study on Localization of Phase Transformation in NiTi Shape Memory Wires." Solid State Phenomena 258 (December 2016): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.258.141.

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Martensitic phase transformation in NiTi shape memory alloys (SMA) can spread either homogenously or in localized martensitic transformation bands. Transformation band propagation is usually observed in particular loading modes (tension) and geometries of specimen (wires, thin ribbons). In this work, a well established NiTi SMA constitutive model is enhanced so that strain softening of the material response during stress induced phase transition is covered. A nonlocal integral averaging technique is adopted and the model is implemented into a finite element (FE) software. A simple validating simulation of a NiTi superelastic wire loaded in tension is performed.

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Elkhal Letaief, Wissem, Aroua Fathallah, Tarek Hassine, and Fehmi Gamaoun. "Finite element analysis of hydrogen effects on superelastic NiTi shape memory alloys: Orthodontic application." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 29, no. 16 (February 27, 2018): 3188–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x18754356.

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Thanks to its greater flexibility and biocompatibility with human tissue, superelastic NiTi alloys have taken an important part in the market of orthodontic wires. However, wire fractures and superelasticity losses are notified after a few months from being fixed in the teeth. This behavior is due to the hydrogen presence in the oral cavity, which brittles the NiTi arch wire. In this article, a diffusion-mechanical coupled model is presented while considering the hydrogen influences on the NiTi superelasticity. The model is integrated in ABAQUS finite element software via a UMAT subroutine. Additionally, a finite element model of a deflected orthodontic NiTi wire within three teeth brackets is simulated in the presence of hydrogen. The numerical results demonstrate that the force applied to the tooth drops with respect to the increase in the hydrogen amount. This behavior is attributed to the expansion of the NiTi structure after absorbing hydrogen. In addition, it is shown that hydrogen induces a loss of superelasticity. Hence, it attenuates the role of the orthodontic wire on the correction tooth malposition.

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Wadood, Abdul. "Brief Overview on Nitinol as Biomaterial." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4173138.

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Shape memory alloys remember their shape due to thermoelastic martensitic phase transformation. These alloys have advantages in terms of large recoverable strain and these alloys can exert continuous force during use. Equiatomic NiTi, also known as nitinol, has a great potential for use as a biomaterial as compared to other conventional materials due to its shape memory and superelastic properties. In this paper, an overview of recent research and development related to NiTi based shape memory alloys is presented. Applications and uses of NiTi based shape memory alloys as biomaterials are discussed. Biocompatibility issues of nitinol and researchers’ approach to overcome this problem are also briefly discussed.

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Laino, Giuliana, Roberto De Santis, Antonio Gloria, Teresa Russo, David Suárez Quintanilla, Alberto Laino, Roberto Martina, Luigi Nicolais, and Luigi Ambrosio. "Calorimetric and Thermomechanical Properties of Titanium-Based Orthodontic Wires: DSC–DMA Relationship to Predict the Elastic Modulus." Journal of Biomaterials Applications 26, no. 7 (February 22, 2011): 829–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885328210388678.

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Orthodontic treatment is strongly dependent on the loads developed by metal wires, and the choice of an orthodontic archwire should be based on its mechanical performance. The desire of both orthodontists and engineers would be to predict the mechanical behavior of archwires. To this aim, Gum Metal (Toyota Central R&L Labs., Inc.), TMA (ORMCO), 35°C Copper NiTi (SDS ORMCO), Thermalloy Plus (Rocky Mountain), Nitinol SE (3M Unitek), and NiTi (SDS ORMCO) were tested according to dynamic mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. A model was also developed to predict the elastic modulus of superelastic wires. Results from experimental tests have highlighted that superelastic wires are very sensitive to temperature variations occurring in the oral environment, while the proposed model seems to be reliable to predict the Young’s modulus allowing to correlate calorimetric and mechanical data. Furthermore, Gum Metal wire behaves as an elastic material with a very low Young’s modulus, and it can be particularly useful for the initial stage of orthodontic treatments.

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Ni, Wangyang, Yang-Tse Cheng, Michael Lukitsch, Anita M. Weiner, Lenoid C. Lev, and David S. Grummon. "Novel layered tribological coatings using a superelastic NiTi interlayer." Wear 259, no. 7-12 (July 2005): 842–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2005.01.015.

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Schmidt, I., and R. Lammering. "Experimental investigations on the damping behaviour of superelastic NiTi." Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings) 115 (June 2004): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:2004115002.

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Aun, Diego Pinheiro, Isabella Faria da Cunha Peixoto, Manuel Houmard, and Vicente Tadeu Lopes Buono. "Enhancement of NiTi superelastic endodontic instruments by TiO2 coating." Materials Science and Engineering: C 68 (November 2016): 675–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2016.06.031.

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Tyc, O., J. Pilch, and P. Sittner. "Fatigue of superelastic NiTi wires with different plateau strain." Procedia Structural Integrity 2 (2016): 1489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.189.

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Manjeri, R. M., S. Qiu, N. Mara, A. Misra, and R. Vaidyanathan. "Superelastic response of [111] and [101] oriented NiTi micropillars." Journal of Applied Physics 108, no. 2 (July 15, 2010): 023501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3445262.

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Tyc, Ondřej, Luděk Heller, Marek Vronka, and Petr Šittner. "Effect of temperature on fatigue of superelastic NiTi wires." International Journal of Fatigue 134 (May 2020): 105470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2020.105470.

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