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Journal articles on the topic 'Superior laryngeal nerve injury'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Orestes, Michael I., and Dinesh K. Chhetri. "Superior laryngeal nerve injury." Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery 22, no. 6 (2014): 439–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/moo.0000000000000097.

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2

Choi, Jung bum. "Various communications of laryngeal nerves with literature review." Korean Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Society 4, no. 1 (2024): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54441/jnn.2024.4.1.71.

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The vagus nerve gives rise to the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) and recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in the neck. Despite progress in the development of new techniques of head and neck surgeries, laryngeal muscles are often paralyzed postoperatively due to iatrogenic injury to the laryngeal nerves. Therefore, the understanding of the complexity and variability of the anatomy of larynx is important to reduce the risk of nerve injury. And a thorough understanding of the complex anastomoses between the laryngeal nerves is crucial in patients with laryngeal muscle paralysis. In these reasons, we r

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3

Fleming, J. C., N. Gibbins, P. J. Ingram, and M. Harries. "An anatomical study of the myelination of human laryngeal nerves." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 125, no. 12 (2011): 1263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215111001939.

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AbstractObjective:To determine the differences in myelination between the human recurrent laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal nerve.Methods:Fifteen confirmed laryngeal nerve specimens were harvested from five cadavers. Cross-sections were examined under a photomicroscope and morphometric analysis performed.Results:There was a significantly greater number of myelinated fibres than unmyelinated fibres, in both the recurrent laryngeal nerve (p = 0.018) and the superior laryngeal nerve (p = 0.012). There was a significantly greater number of myelinated fibres in the superior laryngeal nerve, co

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Mohd, Abid Ali, and Saraswathamma S. "A Study on Anatomy of Superior Laryngeal Nerve." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 12 (2022): 1126–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13237347.

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<strong>Background:</strong> The innervation of intrinsic muscles of larynx, lacks its uniformity in the mode of branching and pattern of distribution of the superior and recurrent laryngeal nerves. Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve gives motor fibres to the interarytenoid muscle. So, the nerve supply of interarytenoid muscle is yet controversial. The fact that internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve under the risk of injury causes loss in the cough reflex. Therefore the study on morphology of internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve is essential, as it is the only nerve

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Lee, GilJoon. "Preservation of the superior laryngeal nerve without neuromonitoring during thyroid surgery." Korean Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Society 4, no. 2 (2024): 75–79. https://doi.org/10.54441/jnn.2024.4.2.75.

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Recently, Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) has enabled the prevention of nerve injury, reducing the incidence of complications associated with nerve injury even in high-risk surgeries. However, reliance on IONM is not feasible in all situations. Therefore, surgeons have the necessity and obligation to master the techniques for identifying and preserving nerves without the aid of neurophysiological monitoring. Therefore, it aims to introduce the course and variations of the superior laryngeal nerve, as well as methods for identifying and preserving the external branch of the

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6

Aluffi, P., M. Policarpo, C. Cherovac, M. Olina, R. Dosdegani, and F. Pia. "Post-thyroidectomy superior laryngeal nerve injury." European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 258, no. 9 (2001): 451–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004050100382.

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7

Shrestha, Diva, Deepak Regmi, Sangita Shrestha, and Meera Bista. "Distance of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve in Relation to Superior Parathyroid Gland During Thyroid Surgery." Journal of Nepal Health Research Council 19, no. 03 (2021): 494–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v19i3.3495.

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Background: In thyroid surgery, it is essential to identify and preserve recurrent laryngeal nerve to avoid injury to the nerve which will lead to nerve paralysis or paresis. The meticulous dissection of recurrent laryngeal nerve is important for careful identification and preservation of the nerve to prevent post operative vocal cord paresis and hoarseness. Methods: A single centre prospective, cross sectional study was conducted from May 2019 to January 2021 in Department of ENT and Head and Neck surgery in Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. The data on distance between recurrent l

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8

Myers, Eugene N., Ki Hwan Hong, and Young Ki Kim. "Phonatory Characteristics of Patients Undergoing Thyroidectomy without Laryngeal Nerve Injury." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 117, no. 4 (1997): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-5998(97)70133-5.

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Complications that arise after thyroid surgery may be associated with infection, hemorrhage, hormonal problems, and laryngeal nerve injury. Voice alteration after thyroidectomy is usually caused by recurrent or superior laryngeal nerve injury. This voice dysfunction may also be associated with laryngotracheal fixation with impairment of vertical movement or by temporary malfunction of the strap muscles after surgery. In this study, we evaluated the voice function phonetically before and after thyroidectomy in 54 patients, although function of the recurrent and superior laryngeal nerves was nor

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9

P. S., Rajesh, Jisha Kamalakshy, and Saravanan T. "A descriptive study on the surgical anatomy of external laryngeal nerve in patients undergoing thyroidectomies at a tertiary care center in South India." International Surgery Journal 4, no. 2 (2017): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20164799.

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Background: The superior laryngeal nerve divides into two branches, external and internal at the level of the hyoid bone. The relationship of the external branch with the superior thyroid artery and the upper pole of the thyroid gland is variable. Due to this it is at risk of injury while ligating the superior pedicle during thyroidectomy.Methods: The position of the external laryngeal nerve in 110 patients undergoing thyroidectomy in a tertiary care center in south India over a period of one year was assessed. The nerves were identified by opening up the Reeve’s avascular plane near the super

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10

Hydman, Jonas, and Per Mattsson. "Collateral reinnervation by the superior laryngeal nerve after recurrent laryngeal nerve injury." Muscle & Nerve 38, no. 4 (2008): 1280–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mus.21124.

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11

Teitelbaum, Benjamin J., and Barry L. Wenig. "Superior laryngeal nerve injury from thyroid surgery." Head & Neck 17, no. 1 (1995): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hed.2880170108.

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12

Kark, A. E., M. W. Kissin, and Barry I. Wenig. "Superior laryngeal nerve injury to the editor." Head & Neck 17, no. 6 (1995): 542–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hed.2880170613.

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13

Flint, Paul W., Laura L. Purcell, and Charles W. Cummings. "Pathophysiology and Indications for Medialization Thyroplasty in Patients with Dysphagia and Aspiration." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 116, no. 3 (1997): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-59989770272-9.

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Medialization thyroplasty is generally considered a phonosurgical procedure for voice augmentation in patients with glottic insufficiency. This article addresses specifically the issue of dysphagia and aspiration in patients with laryngeal paralysis. A retrospective review of patients undergoing medialization thyroplasty is performed. From 1991 to 1995, 84 patients at The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions underwent medialization thyroplasty for unilateral vocal fold motion impairment. At presentation 48 patients had isolated recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, 26 with combined superior laryngea

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14

Yu, Randel D. "Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Paralysis and Hypocalcemia in Superior to Inferior Compared to Inferior to Superior Dissection Approaches in Thyroidectomy." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 33, no. 2 (2018): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v33i2.267.

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Objective: To compare the incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury and hypocalcemia in patients who underwent thyroidectomy using a superior-inferior versus an inferior to superior approach in identifying the recurrent laryngeal nerve in a tertiary government hospital between January 2012 to December 2016. Methods Design: Retrospective Cohort Study Setting: Tertiary Government Hospital Patients: Records of two hundred forty-one (241) adult patients who underwent surgery for thyroid diseases in the department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery between Ja

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Woo, Seung Hoon. "Management strategies for suspected nerve injury during thyroid surgery: a comprehensive review." Korean Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Society 4, no. 2 (2024): 111–16. https://doi.org/10.54441/jnn.2024.4.2.111.

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Thyroid surgery, such as thyroidectomy and lobectomy, is commonly performed to treat thyroid disorders. Nerve injury, especially to the recurrent laryngeal and superior laryngeal nerves, is a major complication, leading to vocal cord paralysis, dysphagia, and reduced quality of life. This review explores strategies for managing suspected nerve injury during thyroid surgery, including preventive measures, intraoperative neuromonitoring, surgical techniques for nerve preservation, and postoperative rehabilitation. Techniques like electromyography, electroglottography, and direct nerve stimulatio

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16

Dralle, Henning, Antonio Sitges-Serra, Peter Angelos, et al. "Intraoperative Monitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve during Thyroidectomy: A Standardized Approach (Part 1)." World Journal of Endocrine Surgery 3, no. 3 (2011): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10002-1079.

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ABSTRACT One of the most feared complications in thyroid surgery is injury to the superior laryngeal nerve or recurrent laryngeal nerve. Neural identification during surgery is insufficient to assess nerve injury. Intraoperative nerve monitoring of the vagal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery is a new adjunct designed to allow better identification of nerves at risk and therefore reduce complications related to their injury. This new working tool does not substitute adequate surgical technique but merely provides the surgeon with an adjunct to routine visual identificat

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17

Fagni, Niccolo', Giacomo Gelati, Cristiana Veltro, and Ferdinando Paternostro. "Intraoperative monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid gland surgery." infermieristica journal 2, no. 2 (2023): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/if-1876.

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In Thyroid surgery, the two novel approaches are the trans-axillary Robotic thyroidectomy and the trans-oral and sub-chin techniques.During these surgical approaches is mandatory to recognise the Anatomy. The lower laryngeal nerves originate from the X cranial nerve (vagus nerve) and innervate all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx except for the cricothyroid muscles (which are innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve instead). The "recurring" name is due to the course in the opposite direction to the nerve of origin.Neuro-monitoring of recurrent laryngeal nerves is the most important of th

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18

Naumenko, O. M., M. V. Tarasenko, S. V. Zemskov, and M. Y. Bolgov. "Injury of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery." Clinical Endocrinology and Endocrine Surgery, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30978/cees-2022-3-15.

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Injury of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve is one of the complications in thyroid surgery, the frequency of which varies within very wide limits due to the difficulties in diagnosis. The complaints relate to a change in voice tone, which significantly impairs the quality of life of patients, especially those with voice profession. The most accurate specific method for diagnosis is electroneuromyography but this technique is very difficult to perform and not used in routine practice. To diagnose the lesion of the external branch of superior laryngeal nerve the authors used la

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Paniello, Randal C., and J. David Dahm. "Long-term model of induced canine phonation." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 118, no. 4 (1998): 512–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989811800413.

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Experimental induced phonation in the dog has been used in short-term studies by several investigators and has proved quite useful in laryngeal research. In this study a long-term canine phonation model is described that uses permanently implanted electrodes on the superior and recurrent laryngeal nerves. A serial induced phonation model has not been previously reported and is needed for laryngeal research in which voice results are a primary end point. Inexpensive, reliable, nontoxic electrodes were designed and fabricated. The laryngeal nerves were found to be quite susceptible to injury, ne

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20

Song, Phillip, and Larry Shemen. "Electrophysiologic Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring in High-Risk Thyroid Surgery." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 84, no. 6 (2005): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556130508400621.

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We recently began performing intraoperative electrophysiologic monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve during high-risk thyroidectomies. Neuromonitoring can detect stimulation of these nerves and thereby prevent a mechanical or thermal injury that can result in neurapraxia or axonotmesis. Monitoring is also useful during dissection in an already operated-on field, when performing thyroidectomy on patients who depend on their voice for their livelihood, and when removing a large goiter or mediastinal mass.

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21

Soosai Mariam, Anthony Ammal, N. Shakuntala Rao, Ramamurthi Kadathur Srinivasan, and Kamalakannan Solaiappan. "To Identify the Dangerous Length of External Laryngeal Nerve In Relation to Thyroid Pole In Cadaveric Thyroid Glands." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 11, no. 2 (2023): 8625–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2023.129.

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Introduction: The external laryngeal nerve passes through the “space of Reeve” cricothyroid space. It has also been described as lying in the Joll’s triangle. It is often inadvertently neglected during thyroid surgeries. It has been named after a singer who lost her voice after a thyroid surgery, as the “nerve of Galli Curci” Aim: To identify the dangerous length of the external laryngeal nerve in relation to the thyroid pole. Material and Methods: Fifty laryngeal nerves were dissected using conventional method of dissection, in twenty-five embalmed cadavers used for teaching purpose at Karpag

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22

El-Guindy, A., and M. Abdel-Aziz. "Superior laryngeal nerve preservation in peri-apical surgery by mobilization of the viscerovertebral angle." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 114, no. 4 (2000): 268–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0022215001905535.

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Iatrogenic lesions of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) are much more common than is generally recognized. Since injury to this nerve may cause transient or even persistent changes either in quality of voice or in deglutition, an attempt should be made to localize and identify the nerve during surgery. This study included 74 patients who underwent surgical dissection near the thyroid apex in the neck. Effective prevention of SLN injury during surgery was achieved by anatomical localization of the nerve in the viscerovertebral angle and its functional identification with the nerve stimulator.

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Mogi, Diornald J., and Nico Lumintang. "Identifikasi Nervus Laringeus Rekuren pada Tiroidektomi dan Ismolobektomi dengan Menentukan Vasa Nervorum pada Nervus Laringeus Rekuren Saat Pembedahan di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Periode 2017-2018." e-CliniC 11, no. 3 (2023): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v11i3.44763.

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Abstract: There are two sets of nerves near the thyroid gland for voice control namely recurrent laryngeal nerve and external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. There peripheral nerves rely on blood supply to maintain their structural and functional requirements, therefore, their vasa nervorum have to be identified in thyroidectomy and isthmolobectomy. This study aimed to obtain data on vasa nervorum whether it was visible or not in the recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroidectomy and isthmolobectomy. This was a retrospective study using medical record data of observed vasa nervorum in

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Lee, Hyoung Shin. "Options to enhance voice quality during and after thyroidectomy." Korean Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Society 4, no. 2 (2024): 141–45. https://doi.org/10.54441/jnn.2024.4.2.141.

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Quality of voice after thyroidectomy remains the main concerns both for surgeons and patients. Injury of the recurrent laryngeal nerve or the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve may lead to serious voice alteration and dysphonia. On the other hand, patients may complain of voice problems without direct injury to the nerve, which may be considered as a post-thyroidectomy syndrome. Regarding nerve injury during thyroidectomy, intraoperative neuromonitoring is helpful to identify, preserve and prognosticate the nerve function. In cases when the nerve is sacrificed (or resected), reinn

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Thamizharasan, P., and R. Madanagopal. "Iatrogenic bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury: a retrospective study." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 4, no. 6 (2018): 1444. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20184357.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury is mostly iatrogenic following thyroidectomy. Our study aims at defining need for tracheostomy, timing of intervention and best method to achieve permanent treatment in cases of iatrogenic bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> In past four years we did 34 total thyroidectomy surgeries, all patients were female between 21-65 years of age. Common indications were multi nodular goiter 25 cases, papillary carcinoma thy

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Markogiannakis, H., G. C. Zografos, and A. Manouras. "Prevention of superior laryngeal nerve injury in thyroid surgery." Hellenic Journal of Surgery 87, no. 1 (2015): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13126-015-0188-3.

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Bansal, Chetan, Aparna Bhardwaj, Sonam Rathi, Alok Agrahari, and Virendra P. Singh. "Postoperative Complications of Thyroid Surgery: A Corroborative Study with an Overview of Evolution of Thyroid Surgery." International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery 6, no. 4 (2015): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1245.

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ABSTRACT Background To study the frequency of postoperative complications after thyroid surgery indicated for various benign and malignant lesions and to corroborate the results in relation to the extent of surgery and a clinical overview of evolution of thyroid surgery. Materials and methods An analytical study was carried out at a tertiary care center over a period of 3 years from January 2011 to December 2013. Data were collected from 80 patients who underwent thyroidectomies for various thyroid diseases at this center. Results Hemithyroidectomy, isthmusectomy, subtotal, neartotal, and tota

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Fatogoma Issa, Koné, Dao Sidiki, Cissé Naouma, et al. "Superior Approach of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve: Review of the Literature." Journal of Thyroid Research 2019 (December 18, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5671816.

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The identification and dissection of the recurrent laryngeal nerve is essential to guarantee its anatomical and functional integrity. The superior approach of the recurrent nerve is a reliable surgical alternative. Various indications are recognized with a reliable landmark. This is the entry point into the larynx under the inferior horn of the thyroid cartilage. The limits of this technique, namely, the extralaryngeal divisions and the hemorrhages encountered at the point of entry of the larynx are a source of morbidity of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. A careful dissection, respect for the s

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Joshi, Rupesh Raj, Anupama Shah Rijal, Kundhan Kumar Shrestha, Anup Dhungana, and Shova Maharjan. "Identification and preservation of External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve during thyroid surgeries at NMCTH." Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal 13, no. 3 (2017): 306–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v13i3.18099.

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Background & Objectives:The most common reason for thyroid surgery is the presence of benign or malignant nodules. Subjective voice disturbance after thyroidectomy is very common, even without injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerves. One possible cause for postoperative dysphonia is injury to the External branch of superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN). Cernea classification, which we followed in this study, is one of the most popular worldwide classifications of the EBSLN. The study was conducted with objectives to identify and classify EBSLN according to Cernia classification in Nepalese pop

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Monfared, Ashkan, Daniel Kim, Sivakumar Jaikumar, Goutham Gorti, and Andrew Kam. "Microsurgical Anatomy of the Superior and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves." Neurosurgery 49, no. 4 (2001): 925–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-200110000-00026.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE To study the microsurgical anatomy of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) and recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) with respect to anatomic landmarks, and to identify their vascular supplies. METHODS The microsurgical anatomy of the anterior neck, the course of the right and left SLN and RLN and their variations were studied in 21 cadavers. Fresh cadavers were perfused with colored silicon dye to investigate the microvasculature in detail. RESULTS SLN originates from the inferior vagal ganglion at the C2 level and descends medially toward the thyrohyoid membrane. It branches into

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Mozumder, Somesh, Shirish Dubey, Aniruddha Dam, and Anup Kumar Bhowmick. "Identifying Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve in Thyroid Surgery Using Relationship with Superior Parathyroid Gland and Tubercle of Zuckerkandl." Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery 23, no. 3 (2015): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.47210/bjohns.2015.v23i3.55.

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Introduction: Recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLN) are particularly prone to injury during thyroid surgeries due to its intimate relationship and proximity with the gland. Zuckerkandl’s tubercle (ZT) helps in preserving RLN intra operative. Material and Methods: A prospective study for identifying RLN in thyroid surgery using relationship with superior parathyroid gland and tubercle of Zuckerkandl was conducted on 50 thyroidectomy patients between August 2013 and February 2014. Results: In all cases ZT was identified. Temporary paralysis of RLN was seen in 3 (6%) cases and permanent pa

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Dekhou, Antonio S., Robert J. Morrison, and Jickssa M. Gemechu. "The Superior Laryngeal Nerve and Its Vulnerability in Surgeries of the Neck." Diagnostics 11, no. 7 (2021): 1243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11071243.

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Anatomical considerations of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN), a branch of the vagus, provides information to minimize the potential for iatrogenic intraoperative injury, thereby preventing motor and sensory dysfunctions of the larynx. The present study aims to assess the variation of the SLN and its relationship to the superior thyroid artery (STA) and superior laryngeal artery (SLA). The study was done on 35 formalin-fixed cadavers at Oakland University in 2018–2019. In our study, we found that out of 21 cadavers, 52.4% of the external laryngeal branches (ebSLN) are related posteromedial t

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Rodríguez, Angel López. "Undetected Superior Laryngeal Nerve Injury Presenting as Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema." Chest 104, no. 1 (1993): 327–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.104.1.327.

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Arjunsing, Vijaysing Samorekar. "Anatomical Variations of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN) in Relation with Inferior Thyroid Artery (ITA) in the Patients Undergoing Thyroid Surgeries: A Descriptive Study." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 12 (2023): 272–79. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11186774.

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<strong>Aim:</strong> Injury to recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is the complication of thyroid surgery. Hoarseness, aspiration and even respiratory difficulty due to vocal cord palsy are major sufferings of thyroid surgery to the patients. Anatomical knowledge about relevant important structures in vicinity is important that is RLN pathway, its relationship to inferior thyroid artery and its extra laryngeal branching pattern is important for the delivery of thyroid lobe. Morbidity after thyroidectomy is also related to the injuries to the parathyroids and external branch of superior laryn

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Bokare, Bhagyashree D., Poorva K. Athavale, Vipin R. Ekhar, and Devendra Meghraj Mahore. "Identification and Preservation of External Branch of Superior Laryngeal Nerve in Thyroidectomy." International Journal of Phonosurgery & Laryngology 3, no. 2 (2013): 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10023-1059.

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ABSTRACT The basic principle of head and neck surgery is based on the identification and preservation of important structures, rather than avoidance. This principle is also applicable to identification and preservation of external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) as a standard routine in all thyroid surgeries. During thyroid surgery, the EBSLN is clearly at risk due to its close proximity to the superior thyroid artery (STA) and its branches that need to be ligated during dissection of the superior pole of the thyroid gland. Injury is detrimental to the patient by causing paralys

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Lee, Cho Rok. "Recent studies of intraoperative neuromonitoring during thyroid surgery." Korean Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Society 3, no. 2 (2023): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.54441/jnn.2023.3.2.95.

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Thyroid surgery is associated with a risk of injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve(RLN), the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve(EBSLN), and voice changes. Intraoperative neuromonitoring(IONM) has already gained universal reliability to help in nerve identification, safe nerve dissection, and prediction of postoperative vocal cord function. IONM techniques have evolved over the past decade into intermittent IONM(I-IONM) and continuous IONM(C-IONM) modes of application. Research in the field of IONM continues, exploring new techniques and approaches to further enhance the safety a

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Samdani, Sunil, Shweta Dudi, and Veena Mobarsa. "Comparative analysis of voice changes after thyroidectomy; mass versus individual ligation of superior thyroid artery with reference to identification of external branch of superior laryngeal nerve." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 6, no. 6 (2020): 1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20202217.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve innervates the cricothyroid muscle to promote lengthening and thinning of the vocal fold, thus increasing voice pitch. The close relation with the superior thyroid vessels puts the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve in risk every time the superior pole of the thyroid is dissected.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> : This randomized controlled study was undertaken at SMS Medical College, Jaipur between February 2013 to Novembe

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Reda Fawzy Abbas Ali, Ahmed Ibrahim Mousa Ebeed, Ahmed Mahmoud Ahmed Aouf, Mohammad Mahmoud Ahmed Aouf, Ali Gamal Ali El Ouny, and Saad Eldesuoky Helmy Elzayat. "Transection of Sternothyroid muscle increases the rate of exposure of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve during thyroidectomy." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 73, no. 4 (2023): S2—S7. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.egy-s4-1.

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Objective: To assess the benefits of transection of the sternothyroid muscle compared to conventional approach for detecting the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve while dealing with the upper pole of the thyroid gland.Method: The randomised controlled clinical trial was conducted at Kafrelsheikh University Hospital, Egypt, from January 2021 to January 2022, and comprised patients who were eligible for total thyroidectomy and met the American Thyroid Association guidelines. They were randomised and divided into conventional approach group A and sternothyroid muscle transection app

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Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul, Elif Sari, Özcan Gayretli, OSMAN COŞKUN, Adnan Ozturk, and İlke Ali GÜRSES. "Variations of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve during its course and its importance in surgical approaches: an experimental cadaveric study." Otolaryngologia Polska 77, no. 2 (2023): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.2167.

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Introduction: Injury of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve can cause a hoarse or weak voice due to the functional loss (dysergia) of the cricothyroid muscle. Defining the anatomical variations of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and estimating the frequency of it, it makes crucial for surgical interventions. Aim: To reveal the topography of the external branch in the Anatolian population, to prevent injury of it during the surgical intervention in the anterior neck region.Materials and Methods: Twenty-six bilateral hemilarynges (4 females, 22 males) were dis

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Rabie, M. Ezzedien. "Hypopharyngeal fistula complicating difficult thyroidectomy for invasive papillary cancer." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 96, no. 7 (2014): e24-e26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588414x13946184902640.

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Thyroidectomy is associated with certain known complications, including recurrent laryngeal or superior laryngeal nerve injury and hypocalcaemia due to hypoparathyroidism. Other much rarer complications include oesophageal injury with oesophageal fistula formation. In this report, we describe the clinical course of a patient with an invasive papillary thyroid carcinoma who underwent total thyroidectomy and developed hypopharyngeal fistula in the immediate postoperative period, a complication that has never been reported previously following thyroidectomy. Under conservative treatment, the fist

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Dubey, Tulika, Brihaspati Sigdel, Rajendra Nepali, and Neeraj KC. "Cernea's classification of the External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve during Microscopic Thyroidectomy at Gandaki Medical College, Pokhara." Journal of Gandaki Medical College-Nepal 14, no. 2 (2021): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jgmcn.v14i2.35893.

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Background: Preservation of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) during thyroidectomy is important because its injury may lead to frequent occurrence of vocal fatigue and the inability to perform phonation. The objective of the study was to identify and classify the nerve as per Cernea's classification using operating microscope during thyroidectomy Method: Between January 2017 to December 2019, we evaluated 50 patients for the position of external branch of superior laryngeal nerve, who underwent microscopic thyroid surgeries in the department of ENT- head and neck surg

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S., Naresh Kumar, Devender, and Sandeep Raj Gopi. "Effect of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Identification Technique on RLN Paralysis and Hypoparathyroidism in Thyroidectomy." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 8 (2023): 95–100. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11455765.

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<strong>Background:</strong> The RLN innervates the abductor and adductor muscles responsible for vocal cord movement, while the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve EBSLN innervates the cricothyroid muscle, which controls vocal cord tension. Both nerves, located in proximity to the thyroid, are susceptible to damage during thyroidectomy. The current study aim is to investigate the correlation between two techniques for identifying the recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroidectomy, namely superior-inferior and inferior-superior, and the occurrence of postoperative RLN paralysi

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Syed Abdul Hakeem. "Clinical Complications Post Thyroidectomy." Academia Journal of Surgery 3, no. 1 (2020): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.47008/ajs/2020.3.1.34.

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Background: One of the most commonly conducted operations by a general surgeon are thyroid surgeries. Many complications of thyroid operation are linked to metabolic disturbances or a recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Superior laryngeal nerve injury, inflammation, weakness of airways and bleeding are other risks. Subjects and Methods: This randomized retrospective sample consists of 50 successive patients who undergo various thyroidectomy procedures and who meet the inclusion criteria after having been introduced to OPD. Results: Post-operative complications following thyroidectomy was seen in

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Williamson, Peter A., Jenny Weir, and David L. Baldwin. "Supraglottic transection: results of repair and functional outcome." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 109, no. 4 (1995): 340–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100130099.

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AbstractWe present two cases of supraglottic transection, with concomitant neurotemesis of the superior laryngeal nerve. Both cases were repaired primarily and a temporary tracheostomy was used to protect the airway. In both cases subsequent decannulation was achieved within four weeks, following the initial injury. No long-term swallowing or voice disturbance was noted in either case. We recommend that in such cases it is unnecessary to repair the nerves directly, but that careful repair of the wound itself will achieve a functional result.

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Sakorafas, George H., Panayiotis Kokoropoulos, Christos Lappas, Dimitrios Sampanis, and Vassilios Smyrniotis. "External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve: Applied Surgical Anatomy and Implications in Thyroid Surgery." American Surgeon 78, no. 9 (2012): 986–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481207800940.

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The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) is the only motor supply to the cricothyroid muscle and has an important role during phonation in high frequencies. Iatrogenic injury of the EBSLN, most commonly during thyroid surgery, is associated with varying levels of alterations in phonation, which may have an impact on a patient's life, especially when his or her career depends on the full range of voice. EBSLN injury incidence after thyroid surgery ranges widely in the literature (0 to 58%). Despite this wide variation, it appears that EBSLN injury is a not uncommon, and frequ

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Fernandez, Secundino, Juan M. Alcalde, Peter M. Baptista, and Luz Barona. "Aerodynamic Phonatory Pattern as a New Sign of Superior Laryngeal Nerve Injury." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 151, no. 1_suppl (2014): P185—P186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599814541629a150.

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Aygun, N., MF Celayir, A. Isgor, and M. Uludag. "The effect of strap muscle transection on voice and swallowing changes after thyroidectomy in patients without laryngeal nerve injury." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 104, no. 7 (2022): 517–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2021.0225.

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Introduction Voice and swallowing symptoms are frequently reported after thyroidectomy even without laryngeal nerve injury. We aimed to evaluate the effect of strap muscle transection on voice and swallowing outcome after thyroidectomy. Methods Group 1 (G1) consisted of 17 patients who had their strap muscles transected during thyroidectomy and group 2 (G2) consisted of 17 patients who had their strap muscles preserved during thyroidectomy. None of the patients had laryngeal nerve injury. Voice impairment scores (VIS) and swallowing impairment scores (SIS) were obtained preoperatively and at 1

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Sivakumar, E., C. A. Swapna, and Lavanya Karanam. "Nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve-an anatomical deviation." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 7, no. 9 (2021): 1562. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20213301.

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<p>Thyroidectomy is one of the most dispute and discussed surgery. Identification of recurrent laryngeal nerve is the most important step in this surgery. Among postop complications of thyroidectomy, the commoner is haematoma, transient hypocalcaemia and hoarseness.<strong> </strong>We report a rare case of nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve in a 25-year-old male with swelling in the right thyroid lobe. A 25-year-old male presented to the ENT OPD with complaints of swelling in thyroid region for 6 months with no other symptoms. On examination there was a 2×3 cm size nodule in the r

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NAEEM, MM, MI ANWAR, A. KHAWAR, B. AFSAR, S. SIKANDAR, and H. GHAFFAR. "ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVES IN THYROID SURGERY." Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal 2024, no. 1 (2024): 1208. http://dx.doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.1208.

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The recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a critical structure encountered during thyroid surgery, with its injury posing risks of complications such as vocal cord paralysis and hoarseness. Anatomical variations in the RLN are known to occur, making it crucial for surgeons to understand and anticipate these variations to avoid inadvertent nerve injury. This study aims to identify and document the anatomical variations in RLNs in patients undergoing thyroid surgery to enhance surgical safety and outcomes. Objective: To identify the anatomical variations of the recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs) in

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Gumus, Serdar, Cemil Yuksel, Huseyin Pulat, Cuneyt Akyuz, and Mehmet Onur Gul. "Inferior-to-Superior Dissection for Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Identification in Redo Thyroid Surgery: Enhanced Safety and Reduced Injuries." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 23 (2024): 7364. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13237364.

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Background: Hoarseness due to recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury is the most feared complication of thyroid surgery. Scars and anatomical changes caused by previous surgeries make finding the RLN during redo thyroid surgeries difficult. We aimed to analyze the results of the inferior-to-superior dissection technique that we applied to find the RLN in redo surgeries. Methods: We analyzed the results of 40 consecutive redo thyroidectomy cases in which the inferior-to-superior nerve dissection technique was used to identify the RLN. We compared this cohort with primary thyroidectomies using a

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