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Journal articles on the topic 'Superior orbital fissure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 14 July 2025

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1

Morard, Marc, Vassily Tcherekayev, and Nicolas de Tribolet. "The Superior Orbital Fissure." Neurosurgery 35, no. 6 (1994): 1087–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199412000-00011.

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2

Morard, Marc, Vassily Tcherekayev, and Nicolas de Tribolet. "The Superior Orbital Fissure." Neurosurgery 35, no. 6 (1994): 1087???1093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199412000-00011.

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3

Chen, Chien-Tzung, and Yu-Ray Chen. "Traumatic Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome: Current Management." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 3, no. 1 (2010): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1249369.

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Traumatic superior orbital fissure syndrome is an uncommon complication of craniomaxillofacial trauma with an incidence of less than 1%. The syndrome is characterized by ophthalmoplegia, ptosis, proptosis of eye, dilation and fixation of the pupil, and anesthesia of the upper eyelid and forehead. This article describes a detailed anatomy of the superior orbital fissure as it related to pathophysiology and clinical findings. Etiology and diagnosis are established after detailed physical and radiographic examination. On the basis of our clinical experience in the management of superior orbital f

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4

Krupp, Serge, and N. Zachariades. "The superior orbital fissure syndrome." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 77, no. 6 (1986): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-198606000-00047.

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5

McAvoy, C. E., B. Lacey, and A. B. Page. "Traumatic superior orbital fissure syndrome." Eye 18, no. 8 (2004): 844–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.eye.6701320.

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6

Pendás, S. Llorente, and J. M. Albertos Castro. "Traumatic superior orbital fissure syndrome." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 53, no. 8 (1995): 934–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(95)90285-6.

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7

Zachariades, Nicholas, Eleftherios Vairaktaris, Demetrius Papavassiliou, Ioannis Papademetriou, Michael Mezitis, and Demetrius Triantafyllou. "The superior orbital fissure syndrome." Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery 13 (1985): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-0503(85)80031-x.

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8

Di Somma, Alberto, Norberto Andaluz, Luigi Maria Cavallo, et al. "Endoscopic transorbital superior eyelid approach: anatomical study from a neurosurgical perspective." Journal of Neurosurgery 129, no. 5 (2018): 1203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.4.jns162749.

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OBJECTIVERecent studies have proposed the superior eyelid endoscopic transorbital approach as a new minimally invasive route to access orbital lesions, mostly in otolaryngology and maxillofacial surgeries. The authors undertook this anatomical study in order to contribute a neurosurgical perspective, exploring the anterior and middle cranial fossa areas through this purely endoscopic transorbital trajectory.METHODSAnatomical dissections were performed in 10 human cadaveric heads (20 sides) using 0° and 30° endoscopes. A step-by-step description of the superior eyelid transorbital endoscopic ro

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9

Akdemir Aktaş, Hilal, Şahin Hanalioğlu, Osman Tunç, and İlkan Tatar. "Revisiting anatomical structures of the superior orbital fissure using with interactive 3D-PDF model." Acta Medica 54, no. 3 (2023): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32552/2023.actamedica.907.

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The superior orbital fissure is an important cleft that connects the orbit with the middle cranial fossa. The upper border of this fissure is formed by the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone, anterior clinoid process, and optic strut. The lower border is formed by the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. The oculomotor, trochlear, ophthalmic, abducens nerves and orbital veins pass through this small slit. The aim of this study was to review anatomical structures of the superior orbital fissure, through a 3D-PDF model that simplifies the understanding of complex anatomy of this region. According to

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10

Shields, J. A., J. Kapustiak, V. Arbizo, J. J. Augsburger, and R. E. Schnitzer. "Orbital Neurilemoma With Extension Through the Superior Orbital Fissure." Archives of Ophthalmology 104, no. 6 (1986): 871–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1986.01050180105040.

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11

Vrînceanu, Daniela, B. Bănică, Adriana Nica, and Alina Popa-Cherecheanu. "TRAUMATIC SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE SYNDROME - A CASE REPORT." Romanian Journal of Emergency Surgery 1, no. 1 (2020): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33695/rojes.v1i1.5.

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The superior orbital apex syndrome is a relatively uncommon complication of midface maxillofacial trauma. The clinical symptoms consist in ophthalmoplegia, palpebral ptosis, exophthalmia, fixed mydriasis, retrobulbar pain and supraorbital nerve hypoesthesia by involvement of the third (oculomotor nerve), fourth (trochlear), fifth (trigeminal) and sixth nerve (abducens). If there is involvement of the optical nerve, the syndrome is termed - orbital apex syndrome. In this article, we will present the case of a 33-years old male, victim of human aggression with traumatic superior orbital apex syn

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12

Nagpal, Tapan Nagpal, and Ankit Singhania Singhania. "Pituitary Macroadenoma with Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome." International Journal of Case Reports and Images 01, no. 02 (2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5348/ijcri-2010-10-3-cr-1.

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13

Balakrishnan, Anon, and Vijay Ebenezer. "Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome:A Review of Literature." Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 10, no. 12 (2019): 1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.37506/v10/i12/2019/ijphrd/192270.

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14

Evans, Heath H., Bradley A. Wurth, and Kevin J. Penna. "Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome: A Case Report." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 5, no. 2 (2012): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1313363.

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Superior orbital fissure syndrome is an infrequently encountered entity with a unique presentation and significant morbidity. This article reviews the background of the syndrome, treatments in the literature, and discusses a recent case with treatment strategy.

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15

De Rezende Pinna, Fabio, Daniel L. Dutra, Maura C. Neves, Fabrizio Ricci Romano, Richard L. Voegels, and Ossamu Butugan. "Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome Caused by Sinusitis." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 131, no. 2 (2004): P301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2004.06.665.

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16

Taylor, K. H., K. D. Mizen, and N. Spencer. "Isolated fracture of the superior orbital fissure." British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 48, no. 3 (2010): 178–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2009.06.230.

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17

Natori, Yoshihiro, and Albert L. Rhoton. "Microsurgical Anatomy of the Superior Orbital Fissure." Neurosurgery 36, no. 4 (1995): 762–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199504000-00018.

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18

Natori, Yoshihiro, and Albert L. Rhoton. "Microsurgical Anatomy of the Superior Orbital Fissure." Neurosurgery 36, no. 4 (1995): 762???775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199504000-00018.

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19

Govsa, F., G. Kayalioglu, M. Erturk, and T. Ozgur. "The superior orbital fissure and its contents." Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy 21, no. 3 (1999): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01630898.

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20

Shi, Xianzhong, Hui Han, Jing Zhao, and Changman Zhou. "Microsurgical anatomy of the superior orbital fissure." Clinical Anatomy 20, no. 4 (2007): 362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ca.20391.

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21

Novakovic-D, Aleksa, Sinisa Babovic-S, Bojana Krstonosic, Nikola Vucinic, Sonja Petricevic, and Goran Jaksic. "Morphometric Evaluation of the Superior Orbital Fissure." International Journal of Morphology 43, no. 1 (2025): 21–25. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-95022025000100021.

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22

Maurya, Rajendra P., Kajal Pal, Syeed Mehbub Ul Kadir, et al. "Orbital apex syndrome: A review." IP International Journal of Ocular Oncology and Oculoplasty 8, no. 4 (2023): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijooo.2022.051.

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An orbital apex syndrome (OAS) has been described previously as a syndrome involving damage to the ocular motor and sensory nerves in association with optic nerve dysfunction. Patients usually present with signs and symptoms derived from the involvement of structures within the orbital apex, the superior orbital fissure, and the cavernous sinus. Visual loss from optic neuropathy and ophthalmoplegia involving multiple cranial nerves are the hallmarks of orbital apex syndrome. Historically, superior orbital fissure, orbital apex, and cavernous sinus are being used to define the anatomical locati

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23

Leventer, David B., John C. Merriam, Richard Defendini, et al. "Enterogenous Cyst of the Orbital Apex and Superior Orbital Fissure." Ophthalmology 101, no. 9 (1994): 1614–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(94)31129-8.

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24

Leventer, D. B., J. C. Merriam, R. Defendini, et al. "Enterogenous Cyst of the Orbital Apex and Superior Orbital Fissure." Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology 15, no. 4 (1995): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00041327-199512000-00030.

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25

Sedwick, Lyn A. "Enterogenous Cyst of the Orbital Apex and Superior Orbital Fissure." Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology 16, no. 2 (1996): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00041327-199606000-00024.

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26

Leventer, D., J. Merriam, R. Defendini, and M. Behrens. "Enterogenous Cyst of the Orbital Apex and Superior Orbital Fissure." Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 12, no. 1 (1996): 73–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002341-199603000-00039.

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27

Gosavi, Shilpa N., Surekha D. Jadhav, and Balbhim R. Zambare. "ORBITAL MORPHOLOGY WITH REFERENCE TO BONY LANDMARKS. 20 La morfología de la órbita en relación a los parámetros óseos." Revista Argentina de Anatomía Clínica 6, no. 1 (2016): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31051/1852.8023.v6.n1.14094.

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Las órbitas óseas son cavidades del esqueleto situadas a cada lado de la nariz. Se conocen las diferencias raciales en las medidas orbitales. El objetivo del presente estudio era determinar las distancias de varias fisuras y foramen en la órbita en relación a ciertos puntos de referencia óseos / quirúrgicos sobre los márgenes orbitales en la población india, lo que puede ser útil durante la cirugía orbital. La distancia de canal óptico (OC), fisura orbitaria superior (SOF), fisura orbital inferior (IOF) y forámenes lagrimales (LF) se mide a partir de puntos de referencia como cresta lacrimal a

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28

Kirwan, R. P., M. Abdalla, A. Hogan, N. Tubridy, P. Barry, and W. Power. "Superior orbital fissure syndrome in herpes zoster ophthalmicus." Irish Journal of Medical Science 178, no. 3 (2009): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11845-008-0266-4.

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29

Gupta, Deepak, and S. K. Vishwakarma. "Superior orbital fissure syndrome in trigemino-facial zoster." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 101, no. 9 (1987): 975–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002221510010310x.

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AbstractA case of trigemino-facial zoster presenting as Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome is reported. Geniculate ganglion involvement was limited to the vestibular branch of the cochleo-vestibular nerve, without any hearing impairment of facial palsy. this case clearly illustrates that herpes zoster cranialis is a polyneuropathy of multifocal asynchronous viral activity and can present in numerous forms.

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30

Dande, K., Rani Archana, R. K. Verma, and P. K. Sharma. "Morphological and morphometric variation of superior orbital fissure." Journal of the Anatomical Society of India 66 (August 2017): S3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.014.

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31

Jin, Hai, Shun Gong, Kaiwei Han, et al. "Clinical management of traumatic superior orbital fissure and orbital apex syndromes." Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery 165 (February 2018): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2017.12.022.

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32

Reymond, Jerzy, Jan Kwiatkowski, and Jarosław Wysocki. "Clinical anatomy of the superior orbital fissure and the orbital apex." Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 36, no. 6 (2008): 346–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcms.2008.02.004.

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33

Dr., Tharini S., and Mahesh Kumar Dr. "Superior orbital fissure syndrome due to Metastatic prostatic malignancy: A Case Report." International Multispeciality Journal of Health 3, no. 9 (2017): 305–8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1188145.

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<em> Superior orbital fissure syndrome (SOFS) is a rare disease. So when a case of this came at Aravind Eye Institute, a detailed case report was prepared to publish. A 56 years old male patient, a known case of prostatic malignancy with skeletal metastasis presented with ptosis, exotropia, diminished pupillary reflex and limitations in extraocular movements of left eye. MRI brain revealed diffuse skull base and leptomeningeal metastasis. Whole body CT scan showed metastasis in ribs, scapula and in pelvic bones. He was diagnosed to have superior orbital fissure syndrome due to metastatic

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34

Taniguchi, Hiroshi, Hiroshi Nishioka, Erika Kuriyama, Yoshikazu Inoue, and Takayuki Okumoto. "Craniofacial Fracture with Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome Resulting in Pupil-sparing Oculomotor Nerve Palsy." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open 12, no. 5 (2024): e5828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000005828.

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Summary: Superior orbital fissure syndrome (SOFS) is a rare complication of craniofacial fracture, caused by damage to cranial nerves Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, and Ⅵ, which typically is associated with ophthalmoplegia, blepharoptosis, pupil dilatation and fixation, and upper eyelid and forehead hypesthesia. However, we here describe a very unusual case of craniofacial fracture with SOFS in the absence of pupil symptoms, involving a patient who was injured when he fell while riding his bicycle. Upon medical examination, we observed mild blepharoptosis and ophthalmoplegia of the right eye without pupillary sympt

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35

de Rezende Pinna, Fabio, Daniel L. Dutra, Maura C. Neves, Fabrizio Ricci Romano, Richard L. Voegels, and Ossamu Botugan. "Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome due to Sinusitis: Report of Two Cases." American Journal of Rhinology 19, no. 4 (2005): 417–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194589240501900417.

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Background The potential morbidity and mortality of sphenoid sinus infectious processes are related to their proximity to vital structures within the orbit, such as the cavernous sinus and the brain. Involvement of the posterior orbit can result in superior orbital fissure syndrome, a rare entity affecting structures that cross this anatomic region. Early recognition of this syndrome is mandatory. Delays in adequate treatment may compromise the patient's prognosis. Methods We present two cases of incomplete superior orbital fissure syndrome due to infectious processes of the posterior ethmoid

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36

Nitek, Stanisław, Leopold Bakoń, Mansoor Sharifi, Maciej Rysz, Lechosław P. Chmielik, and Iwona Sadowska-Krawczenko. "Morphometry of the Orbit in East-European Population Based on Three-Dimensional CT Reconstruction." Advances in Anatomy 2015 (October 29, 2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/101438.

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Objectives. To determine safe distances within the orbit outlining reliable operative area on the basis of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) scans. Patients and Methods. MSCT of orbits of 50 Caucasian patients (26 males and 24 females, mean age 56) were analysed. Native scans resolutions were in all cases 0.625 mm. Measurements were done in postprocessing workstation with 2D and 3D reconstructions. The safe distances values were calculated by subtracting three standard deviations from the arithmetical average (X=AVG-3 STD). This method was chosen because this range covers 99.86% of every p

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37

Caldarelli, Claudio, Rodolfo Benech, and Caterina Iaquinta. "Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome in Lateral Orbital Wall Fracture: Management and Classification Update." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 9, no. 4 (2016): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1584392.

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The superior orbital fissure syndrome (SOFS) is an uncommon complication rarely occurring in association with craniofacial trauma. Work-up of a patient injured by a traumatic right orbitozygomatic complex fracture and SOFS is presented. Accurate computed tomography scan and three-dimensional reconstruction showed a medial displacement of the lateral orbital wall, compressing the right superior orbital fissure (SOF), without intraorbital bone fragment displacement or hemorrhage. Imaging also revealed a frontosphenotemporal fracture, according to Pellerin et al, that is, frequently associated wi

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38

Han, Kyeol, and Min Ahn. "A Case of Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome Induced by Penetrating Orbital Injury." Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 56, no. 4 (2015): 592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2015.56.4.592.

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39

Bun, R. J., A. Vissink, and R. R. M. Bos. "Traumatic superior orbital fissure syndrome: Report of two cases." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 54, no. 6 (1996): 758–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0278-2391(96)90698-9.

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40

Zentner, J., W. Hassler, and D. Petersen. "A wooden foreign body penetrating the superior orbital fissure." min - Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery 34, no. 06 (1991): 188–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1053489.

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41

Baviskar, PadmakarSudhakar, Srivalli Natarajan, PradeepPandurang Vathare, et al. "Steroids in the management of superior orbital fissure syndrome." Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University 17, no. 3 (2022): 734. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_65_20.

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42

Postma, Michael P., Gary W. Seldomridge, and Frederick S. Vines. "Superior orbital fissure syndrome and bilateral internal carotid pseudoaneurysms." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 48, no. 5 (1990): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(90)90241-s.

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43

Padilla-Lichtenberger, Fernando, DanielaS Massa, Pedro Plou, Alvaro Campero, and Pablo Ajler. "Surgical Management of a Superior Orbital Fissure Cavernous Hemangioma." Neurology India 70, no. 3 (2022): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.349630.

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44

Allagadda, Yashotej Raj, Chethana Warad, Sharvani Pai, Farheen M, and Ritika Wani. "Invasive mucormycosis of superior orbital fissure: A multidiscipilary approach." International Journal of Case Reports in Surgery 7, no. 1 (2025): 245–47. https://doi.org/10.22271/27081494.2025.v7.i1e.173.

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45

Kunz, Christoph, Laurent Audigé, Carl-Peter Cornelius, Carlos H. Buitrago-Téllez, Randal Rudderman, and Joachim Prein. "The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: Orbital Fractures - Level 3 Tutorial." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 7, no. 1_suppl (2014): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1389562.

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The AOCMF Classification Group developed a hierarchical three-level craniomaxillofacial classification system with increasing level of complexity and details. Within the midface (level 1 code 92), the level 2 system describes the location of the fractures within defined regions in the central and lateral midface including the internal orbit. This tutorial outlines the level 3 detailed classification system for fractures of the orbit. It depicts the orbital fractures according to the subregions defined as orbital rims, anterior orbital walls, midorbit, and apex. The system allows documentation

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46

Sharma, Aakanksha, Neha Mohammed, and Indu Bala. "Orbital Apex Syndrome – A Case Report." Annals of International Medical and Dental Research 9, no. 2 (2023): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.9.

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Orbital apex syndrome is characterized by vision loss and ophthalmoplegia due to the involvement of the orbital apex. The signs and symptoms vary depending upon the involvement of the structures within the orbital apex, the superior orbital fissure or the cavernous sinus. Clinical evaluation is the key to the diagnosis which is aided by neuro-imaging modalities including brain and orbital Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography scans. In rare instances, a biopsy may be needed to aid in diagnosis. Treatment depends on what the nature of the lesion.

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47

De Keizer, R. J. W. "Orbital and periorbital pain caused by cavernous sinus and superior orbital fissure lesions." Orbit 12, no. 4 (1993): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01676839309023099.

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48

Acart??rk, Sabri, Tugay Sek????o??lu, and Erol Kesikt??s. "Mega Dose Corticosteroid Treatment for Traumatic Superior Orbital Fissure and Orbital Apex Syndromes." Annals of Plastic Surgery 53, no. 1 (2004): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.sap.0000106424.54415.dc.

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49

Jamshidian Tehrani, Mansoureh, Bahram Eshraghi, Alireza Zamzam, Golshan Latifi, and Samira Yadegari. "Superior orbital fissure and orbital apex syndrome as rare complications of herpes zoster." Acta Neurologica Belgica 117, no. 4 (2017): 943–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13760-017-0797-4.

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50

Zadafiya, Hirankumar Babubhai, Shaji CV, Kabeer KA, and Prasanth SR. "A rare presentation of neurosarcoidosis as the superior orbital fissure syndrome." IP Indian Journal of Neurosciences 8, no. 3 (2022): 204–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijn.2022.041.

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We are reporting a rare case of neurosarcoidosis that presented with superior orbital fissure syndrome. A 51-year-old Indian woman who suffered from 2 weeks duration, insidious onset gradually progressive left sided headache limited to forehead, left periorbital pain, diplopia on looking toward left, and numbness on the left forehead was referred to our hospital. Ophthalmic findings included left oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve and abducens nerve palsies, absent corneal reflex, and loss of touch, pain and temperature sensation in V1 distribution. Brain and orbit magnetic resonance imaging (M

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