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Journal articles on the topic 'Superior surface hardness'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Yusuf, Yusliza, Zulkifli Mohd Rosli, Jariah Mohamad Juoi, Zainab Mahamud, and Kwan Wai Loon. "Ti6Al4V Surface Hardness Improvement by Duplex Coating." Advanced Materials Research 701 (May 2013): 370–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.701.370.

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Ti6Al4V alloy are among the most widely used materials in engineering applications. This is because their relatively beneficial properties. However, inadequate wear properties of Ti6Al4V alloy have largely constrained the application for this material. In this study, Plasma nitriding of the Ti6Al4V was performed using microwave plasma technique at 600°C for 1hour, 3 hours and 5 hours then followed with deposition of CrN on plasma nitrided samples for duplex coating purposes. Microstructural analysis and hardness measurement revealed that formation of Ti2N and TiN phases indicating the formatio
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2

Sreenivasa Rao, M., and N. Venkaiah. "Experimental investigations on surface integrity issues of Inconel-690 during wire-cut electrical discharge machining process." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 232, no. 4 (2016): 731–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405416654092.

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Nickel-based alloys are finding a wide range of applications due to their superior properties of maintaining hardness at elevated temperatures, low thermal conductivity and resistance to corrosion. These materials are used in aircraft, power-generation turbines, rocket engines, automobiles, nuclear power and chemical processing plants. Machining of such alloys is difficult using conventional processes. Wire-cut electrical discharge machining is one of the advanced machining processes, which can cut any electrically conductive material irrespective of its hardness. One of the major disadvantage
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3

Kim, Bong-Hwan, Sang Mok Lee, Je Sik Shin, and B. M. Moon. "Tribological Behavior and Surface Chemistry Characteristics of Quasicrystal Coatings." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 1541–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.1541.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of air plasma spraying process parameters on the tribological behavior and surface characteristics of quasicrystal coatings. For this purpose, the response surface method (RSM), one of the designs of experiment (DOE) was utilized to systematically investigate the combined effects of each process parameters. The RSM analysis revealed that the superior tribological performance of quasicrystal coatings was obtained by the optimized condition of specific micro-hardness and porosity level. It was specially quoted that the relatively low hardness
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4

Wang, Cong, Jing Han, Jiyun Zhao, et al. "Enhanced Wear Resistance of 316 L Stainless Steel with a Nanostructured Surface Layer Prepared by Ultrasonic Surface Rolling." Coatings 9, no. 4 (2019): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9040276.

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The low hardness and poor wear resistance of AISI 316 L austenitic stainless-steel sabotage its outer appearance and shorten its service life when it is subjected to sliding. In this paper, the single-pass ultrasonic surface rolling (USR) process was used to modify the surface of 316 L austenitic stainless steel. A nanostructured surface layer with a depth span of 15 μm was fabricated. Dry wear tests of USR samples were performed on a ring-on-block tester at room temperature, and the results were compared with those for the as-received sample. The USR sample showed a significant reduction in w
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5

Singh, Virendra, Manuel Marya, Indranil Roy, Cijo Mathews, Dan Spinner, and Mv Gopalakrishnana. "Surface Property Enhancement of UNS N07718 and G41400 by Ultrasonic Impact Treatment." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 2863–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.2863.

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Ultrasonic impact treatment is a relatively new surface modification process that may be potentially applied to impart compressive residual stresses onto oilfield parts experiencing wear, fatigue, and possibly environmentally-assisted cracking. Through severe plastic deformation, ultrasonic impact treatment is herein investigated to surface harden two oilfield alloys, UNS N07718, a premium alloy with satisfactory oilfield performance but occasionally lacking surface hardness and abrasive wear resistance, and UNS G41400, a comparatively low-cost alloy restricted by its corrosion fatigue limit i
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6

Karadas, Riza, Ozgur Celik, and Huseyin Cimenoglu. "Low Temperature Nitriding of a Martensitic Stainless Steel." Defect and Diffusion Forum 312-315 (April 2011): 994–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.312-315.994.

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Nitriding is as an effective technique applied for many years to improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of low carbon and tool steels [1]. In the case of stainless steels, increase of surface hardness and wear resistance accompany by a drop in corrosion resistance due to the precipitation of CrN. In this respect, many attempts have been made to modify the surfaces of austenitic stainless steels to increase their surface hardness and wear resistance without scarifying the corrosion resistance [2-6]. It is finally concluded that, nitriding at temperatures lower than conventional nitrid
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7

Liu, Day Shan, Yu Ko Liao, Cheng Yang Wu, Fuh Shyang Juang, and Ching Ting Lee. "A Silicon Oxide Hard Coating Deposited on Flexible Substrate by TMS - PECVD System." Materials Science Forum 505-507 (January 2006): 439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.505-507.439.

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A hard coating silicon oxide film was deposited on flexible substrates by a PECVD system. Tertramethylsilane (TMS) and oxygen were employed as raw materials. Surface roughness and hardness of these films deposited under various TMS/O2 gas flow ratio, rf power and chamber pressure were investigated. At adequate fabricated conditions, the original surface roughness of PMMA (~ 3.36 nm) and PC (~ 1.38 nm) substrates was markedly flatted to 1.52 and 0.39 nm, respectively. Meanwhile, the surface hardness of coated PMMA and PC substrates was also enhanced to 6.077 GPa and 3.978 GPa, respectively. The
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8

Wang, Hui Zhen, Yue Wen Zhai, Le Yu Zhou, Zi Bo Zhang, Gang Yang, and Chao Min Gong. "Analysis of Laser Surface Hardening of GM246 Cast Iron." Materials Science Forum 1035 (June 22, 2021): 596–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1035.596.

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Laser surface modification technology is one of the most advanced technologies, which uses laser to modify the characteristics of the surface to offer superior performance for various industrial applications. In this study, laser surface hardening behavior of GM246 case iron was investigated. Result shows that excellent laser surface hardening of GM246 cast iron need low power density and scanning speed. With power of 2500 W, scanning speed of 300 mm/min and power density of 2500 W/cm2, the laser surface hardening of GM246 cast iron achieved the hardness of 790HV, which was 2-3 times higher th
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9

Jiang, Hai Yan, Wen Bin Ding, Xiao Qin Zeng, De Hui Li, and Shou Shan Yao. "Mechanical Behavior of Gas Tungsten Arc Surface Modified Composite Layer on Mg Alloy AZ31 with SiCp and Aluminum." Materials Science Forum 546-549 (May 2007): 485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.546-549.485.

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Gas tungsten arc (GTA) surface modification process was used to deposit SiC particles and aluminum alloy powders on the surface of magnesium alloy AZ31. This method is an effective technique in producing a high performance composite layer. This process result notable grain refinement in the GTA surface modified composite layer. The hardness and wear resistance of the GTA surface modified composite layer are superior to that of as-received magnesium alloy AZ31. The hardness values and wear resistance of GTA surface modified composite layer depend on the GTA process parameters and the SiC partic
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10

Chen, Ying Ying, and Wen Ge Li. "Laser Cladding In Situ Tungsten Carbide Reinforced Ferrous Matrix Surface Composites." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 771–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.771.

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Tungsten carbide cermets coating on carbon steel were fabricated by laser clad cooperation combustion synthesis method. The microstructure, phase, element distribution and microhardness have been analyzed with the aid of SEM, XRD, EDS, EPMA and microhardness-tester. It is shown that the coating consisted of WC, CW3, W2C, WCx, and FeNi3. The results of hardness measurement showed that the hardness was superior to substrate. Analyze the effect of different laser power and different laser scanning speed on the quality of the laser cladding surface, the surface quality gets better with the increas
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11

Xiong, Guang Yao, Bo Lin He, and Rui Zou. "Research of Microstructure and Properties of the 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo Steel with QPQ Salt-Bath Nitriding." Key Engineering Materials 373-374 (March 2008): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.373-374.260.

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The wear-resistance, corrosion resistance, hardness can be greatly increased by using low temperature QPQ complex salt-bath treatment. And it is a new strengthening method without distortion in the treating process. The surface of 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo steel was treated using this method. The microstructure and depth of the treated surface for the steel were analyzed using SEM. The sliding wear resistance was tested on the M-2000 tester and the micro-hardness was tested using 401MVA microscopy hardness tester. The corrosion resistance was tested in the 5%NaCl water by using spraying method. The experi
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12

Chang, Yen Shuo, Wei Yu Ho, Po Yi Tsou, and Cheng Liang Lin. "Cathodic Arc Evaporated CrAlSiN Coatings with Multi-Cycle Depositions." Advanced Materials Research 900 (February 2014): 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.900.517.

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CrAlSiN film possesses superior hardness, good thermal and chemical stability due to its multi-component constituents and unique structure. To further explore the reproducibility and scale-up thickness of CrAlSiN coatings, the multi-cycle deposition of CrAlSiN coatings by cathodic arc evaporation was conducted in this study in order to evaluate the effect of coating thickness on the properties of CrAlSiN coated materials. Two targets of Al0.8Si0.2and Cr (99.99 at%) along with altering deposition cycles were used for the coatings. The results showed that the CrAlSiN coatings had an increase in
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13

Park, Chang-Kyoo, Jung-Hoon Lee, Nam-Hyun Kang, and Eun-Joon Chun. "Correlation between Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Laser Surface Heat-Treated Stellite Coatings." Coatings 10, no. 5 (2020): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10050433.

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To manufacture superior-performance continuous casting mold components, high-velocity oxygen fuel spraying of a Stellite-1 coating was followed by its laser heat treatment at 1373–1473 K using a diode laser. The effects of the laser irradiation conditions on the macro- and microstructural variations along with the hardness and wear resistance within the Stellite-1 coating were evaluated. After the heat treatment, micro-voids within the sprayed coating decreased in number slightly with an increase in the heat treatment temperature. The hardness of the sprayed Stellite-1 coating increased from t
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14

Lin, Yuan Ching, Jia Bin Bai, and Jiun Nan Chen. "Improved Wear Resistance of AISI 304L by Cladding Boride Layers Using the GTAW Process." Advanced Materials Research 966-967 (June 2014): 386–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.966-967.386.

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The austenitic stainless steel (SS) of AISI 304L is widely used in industrial applications because of its superior anti-corrosion resistance. However, the material suffers from a lower hardness, thus reducing wear resistance. In this study, AISI 304L was clad with tungsten boride (WB) ceramic powder using the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process to increase surface hardness and improve wear resistance. The microstructure of the cladding layer was investigated using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an energy
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15

Shen, R. H., J. Z. Lu, J. W. Zhong, L. Zhang, Kai Yu Luo, and Y. K. Zhang. "Experiment of Laser Shock Processing on AISI 8620 Alloy Steel." Key Engineering Materials 464 (January 2011): 478–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.464.478.

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Laser shock processing (LSP, also known as Laser shock peening) is applied by using a high energy pulsed laser to create a high amplitude stress wave or shock wave on the surface to be treated. LSP is proved to be superior to conventional treatments such as shot peening in many engineering products. This paper focuses on Laser shock processing and its effects on mechanical properties of material AISI 8620 alloys steel. Experiment results indicated that compared with base material, the surface hardness increased by 13.8%, and compressive residual stress increased by 521%. Statistical method was
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16

Mu, Zi Guo, Min Lei, Yi Long Liang, De Yin Peng, and Deng Wei Tang. "Comparative on Wear Behavior of Nitrocarburized Low-Cost GDL-4 High Speed Steel to the Vane of Air Conditioning." Advanced Materials Research 721 (July 2013): 324–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.721.324.

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The manufacture materials of air conditioner compressor vane require the properties of proficient red hardness and wear behavior. So the surface nitriding treatment is usually used in the production process of the high speed steel. Under 300N, the wear behavior of low-cost GDL-4 high speed steel, M2 high speed steel, and 11Cr17 stainless steel have been soft nitride processed with the same way was studied. The results show that the wear behavior performance of GDL-4 steel is much superior to M2 steel and 11Cr17 stainless steel after soft nitriding process and the surface hardness of nitro-carb
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17

Alshahrani, Ibrahim, Moshabab A. Asiry, Mohamad K. Altwijry, Sangeetha N. Premanath, Ravikumar Ramakrishnaiah, and Bangalore H. Durgesh. "Nanomechanical properties, surface topography, and color stability of fiber-reinforced composite orthodontic retainers." Polymers and Polymer Composites 27, no. 2 (2019): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967391118819703.

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The present study investigated the nanomechanical properties, surface topography, and color alterations of fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) orthodontic retainers. Two FRC orthodontic retainer materials (glass fiber reinforced (group 1) and polyethylene fiber reinforced (group 2)) were evaluated. Nanomechanical properties (nano-hardness and elastic modulus), surface roughness (Ra), and color stability of FRC retainers at baseline and after 2 years of simulated aging were evaluated. The data collected were analyzed using analyses of variance, followed by Tukey’s honestly significant difference t
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18

Riyanto, Edy, and Budi Prawara. "Mikrostruktur dan Karakterisasi Sifat Mekanik Lapisan Cr3C2-NiAl-Al2O3 Hasil Deposisi Dengan Menggunakan High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Thermal Spray Coating." Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology 1, no. 1 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/j.mev.2010.v1.1-4.

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Surface coating processing of industrial component with thermal spray coatings have been applied in many industrial fields. Ceramic matrix composite coating which consists of Cr3C2-Al2O3-NiAl had been carried out to obtain layers of material that has superior mechanical properties to enhance component performance. Deposition of CMC with High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) thermal spray coating has been employed. This study aims to determine the effect of powder particle size on the microstructure, surface roughness and hardness of the layer, by varying the NiAl powder particle size. Test results
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19

Torimi, Satoshi, Koji Ashida, Norihito Yabuki, et al. "Improving Mechanical Strength and Surface Uniformity to Prepare High Quality Thinned 4H-SiC Epitaxial Wafer Using Si-Vapor Etching Technology." Materials Science Forum 897 (May 2017): 375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.897.375.

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As a new thinning and surface planarizing process of Silicon Carbide (SiC) wafer, we propose the completely thermal-chemical etching process; Si-vapor etching (Si-VE) technology. In this work, the effects of mechanical strength and surface step-terrace structure by Si-VE are investigated on the 4° off-axis 4H-SiC (0001) Si-face substrates. The indentation hardness of Si-VE surface is superior to the conventional chemo-mechanical polishing (CMP) surface even after epitaxial growth. The transverse strength of thinned Si-VE substrate is also superior to the conventional mechanically ground substr
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20

Wang, Tai, San San Ao, S. M. Manladan, Yang Chuan Cai, and Zhen Luo. "Microstructure and Properties of Surface-Modified Plates and Their Welded Joints." Materials 12, no. 18 (2019): 2883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12182883.

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The surface of Q235 low carbon steel was modified by the metal inert-gas welding (MIG) method; a 304 stainless steel surfacing layer was fabricated to improve the properties of Q235 low carbon steel. For practical industry application, keyhole tungsten inter gas (K-TIG) welding was used to weld the surface-modified plates. The microstructure, elemental distribution, micro-hardness, and corrosion resistance of the surface-modified plates and the welded joints were analyzed. The corrosion tests of welded joints and surface-modified plates were carried out with the electrochemical method and hydr
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21

Li, Yue Ying, Qi Chao Deng, Ping Shi, and Zhen Liang Qiao. "Dry Sliding Friction and Wear Behavior of Surface Hardened Ferrous PM Cam Materials for Automobile Applications." Advanced Materials Research 652-654 (January 2013): 1399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.652-654.1399.

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Two kinds of surface heat treatment (wide-band laser surface quenching and high-frequency induction quenching) had been performed on a ferrous PM cam material for automobile applications. Microstructure, hardness and tribological properties of ferrous PM cam materials were investigated. After laser surface quenching, the sintered cam materials could obtain finer martensite microstructure and higher hardness value, compared to high-frequency induction quenching. Wear tests revealed the superior wear resistance and coefficient of friction of laser surface hardened specimens in comparison with hi
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22

Shamsipur, Ali, Seyed Farshid Kashani-Bozorg, and Abbas Zarei Hanzaki. "Wear Assessment of Ti/SiC Surface Nano-Composite Layer and its Associated CP-Ti Substrate." Advanced Materials Research 445 (January 2012): 595–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.445.595.

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In the present investigation, the surface of a commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) substrate was modified to Ti/SiC nanocomposite layer employing friction stir processing technique; nanosized SiC powder was introduced into the stir zone provided by a rotating and advancing tool. The fabricated nanocomposite surface layer exhibited a micro hardness value of ~535HV which is much greater than 160HV of the substrate material using Vickers micro hardness testing. In addition, the un-treated CP-Ti substrate showed sever wear regime in the pin-on-disc test against the hardened AISI 52100 steel. It suf
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23

Alderighi, Michele, Vincenzo Ierardi, Maria Allegrini, Francesco Fuso, and Roberto Solaro. "An Atomic Force Microscopy Tip Model for Investigating the Mechanical Properties of Materials at the Nanoscale." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 5 (2008): 2479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.18281.

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Investigation of the mechanical properties of materials at the nanoscale is often performed by atomic force microscopy nanoindentation. However, substrates with large surface roughness and heterogeneity demand careful data analysis. This requirement is even more stringent when surface indentations with a typical depth of a few nanometers are produced to test material hardness. Accordingly, we developed a geometrical model of the nanoindenter, which was first validated by measurements on a reference gold sample. Then we used this technique to investigate the mechanical properties of a coating l
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24

Kobayashi, Akira. "Enhancement of TBC (Thermal Barrier Coatings) Characteristics by Gas Tunnel Type Plasma Spraying." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 1061–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.1061.

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Zirconia (ZrO2) coating formed by plasma spray method is widely used industrially as a thermal barrier coating (TBC). Presently, there are some problems such as spallation and cracks inside the coating. As one solution given by the development of new spaying processing, the gas tunnel type plasma spraying is one of excellent method to enhance the TBC performances. The zirconia-alumina (ZrO2-Al2O3) composite coating formed by this method has a high hardness layer at the surface side of the coating, which shows the graded functionality of hardness, and is superior as a TBC. In this paper, the pe
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25

Luca, Mihai Alexandru, Teodor Machedon Pisu, and Florin Constantin Gadea. "The Influence of the Mechanical Vibrations upon 1.7035 – 41Cr4 Steel during Hardening Process." Solid State Phenomena 188 (May 2012): 306–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.188.306.

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After a number of experiments it was noticed that mechanical vibrations affect the process of austenite on cooling conversion. The behavior of 41Cr4 steel was studied during the hardening process in mechanical vibrations action environment. At low power of sinusoidal signal excitation, respectively at low amplitudes of test samples oscillations, a hardness increase can be observed, as well as on surface and in depth. By exciting the test samples on different resonance frequencies, when the oscillations amplitude is higher, it is obvious that the hardness of cooling surface remains high while t
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26

Fu, Xiu Li, Zeng Hui An, Yang Qiao, and Xiu Hua Men. "Influence of Work-Hardening on Wear Resistance of Machined Surface of Aviation Aluminum Alloy." Key Engineering Materials 589-590 (October 2013): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.589-590.117.

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Work-hardening of machined surface plays an important role in the evaluation of surface quality and performance of wear resistance in the process of machining components. In this study work-hardening of machined surface during milling 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy is investigated using micro-hardness experiments under different cutting conditions. Moreover, the wear resistance of machined surface including wear quantity and friction coefficient are obtained and studied by means of high speed ring-block friction-wear tester. The work-hardening and wear resistance are particularly sensitive to cutti
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27

John, Merbin, Prasad Rao Kalvala, Manoranjan Misra, and Pradeep L. Menezes. "Peening Techniques for Surface Modification: Processes, Properties and Applications." Materials 14, no. 14 (2021): 3841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143841.

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Surface modification methods have been applied to metals and alloys to change the surface integrity, obtain superior mechanical properties, and improve service life irrespective of the field of application. In this review paper, current state-of-the-art of peening techniques are demonstrated. More specifically, classical and advanced shot peening (SP), ultrasonic impact peening (UIP), and laser shock peening (LSP) have been discussed. The effect of these techniques on mechanical properties, such as hardness, wear resistance, fatigue life, surface roughness, and corrosion resistance of various
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28

An, Ning. "Preparation of WC-Low Chromium Cast Iron Composite Material by Cast-Infiltration." Advanced Materials Research 154-155 (October 2010): 1104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.154-155.1104.

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Use of Low-chromium white cast iron as matrix, WC as reinforcement particles, in conditions of Quartz sand in ordinary water glass dry, non-vacuum, using self-made penetration compound was prepared by WC particles reinforced surface composite material with superior wear resistance, is 2.73 times that of high chromium cast iron composite layer hardness can reach HRC60 or more. Smooth casting surface roughness, dimensional accuracy is more accurate, composite layer and substrate is good.
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Ji, Xia, Jian Zhong Zhou, Hua Feng Guo, and Da Peng Xu. "Experimental Investigation on the Nickel-Based Metal Components Fabricated by Laser Cladding." Key Engineering Materials 375-376 (March 2008): 338–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.375-376.338.

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This paper presents an experimental investigation on the metal components fabricated by laser cladding. In the present study, two process of laser cladding were conducted, that is pre-placed powder cladding and coaxial powder-feed cladding. The effect of processing parameters was studied and optimum set of parameters for the superior surface quality was established by employing the orthogonal design. The fabricated components were subjected to metallographic examinations and micro-hardness measurement. Results indicated that the microstructure of coaxial cladding components was finer than pre-
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Xu, Zhao Mei, and Zong Hai Hong. "Experimental Study on the Nickel-Based Metal Parts Manutactured by Laser Cladding." Advanced Materials Research 154-155 (October 2010): 959–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.154-155.959.

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This paper presents an experimental research on the metal parts manufactured by laser cladding. The present studies showed two processes were conducted ,including coaxial powder-feed cladding and pre-placed powder cladding. The effect of processing parameters were studied and optimum set of parameters for the superior surface quality was established by employing the orthog -onal design. The manufactured parts were subjected to metallographic examination and micro -hardness measurement. Results showed that the microstructure of coaxial cladding parts was better than that of pre-placed powder cl
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31

SAMPATH KUMAR, T., A. VINOTH JEBARAJ, K. SIVAKUMAR, E. SHANKAR, and N. TAMILOLI. "CHARACTERIZATION OF TiCN COATING SYNTHESIZED BY THE PLASMA ENHANCED PHYSICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION PROCESS ON A CEMENTED CARBIDE TOOL." Surface Review and Letters 25, no. 08 (2018): 1950028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x19500288.

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In the present investigation, Titanium Carbonitride (TiCN) coating was deposited on a cemented carbide substrate, by means of Plasma Enhanced Physical Vapour Deposition (PEPVD) process. The microstructure of the deposited film was characterized using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Highly dense, less porous and uniformly distributed TiCN coating was observed on the coated surface. X-Ray diffraction analysis was carried out to access the phases present in the coated layer. The scratch resistance and hardness were measured using the scratch tester and Nanoindenter, respectively. The TiCN
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32

TANG, YIPIN, SHOUREN WANG, BIN SUN, YAN WANG, and YANG QIAO. "FABRICATION AND WEAR BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS ON AlCrFeNi HIGH ENTROPY ALLOY COATING UNDER DRY SLIDING AND OIL LUBRICATION TEST CONDITIONS." Surface Review and Letters 23, no. 04 (2016): 1650018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x16500189.

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In this paper, AlCrFeNi high entropy alloy coating was fabricated on the surface of Q235 steel using hot pressing sintering process. The coating has the controlled thickness size and excellent mechanical properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), XRD and hardness testing method were used to study the morphology, phase structure and hardness of high entropy alloys coating. The lattice distortion plays a significant role in increasing the hardness. Coating formation mechanism caused by the element diffusion under the hot pressing effect is also discussed in the paper. Simultaneously, the dr
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33

Patil, Sandeep Suresh, Harichandra K. Chavhan, Umesh U. Patil, and Nilesh Damodar Patel. "Improvisation of Machining Parameters for Better Surface Finish of MMC Material using Taguchi Method." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 10, no. 5 (2021): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.e8683.0310521.

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Metal matrix composite is used in engineering applications due to its superior mechanical properties. MMC’s are reinforced with particle fiber, whisker, and particulate. The size of particulates used is classified as micro, nano, and macro. The particulate reinforced MMC’s have excellent form-ability compared to fiber and whisker composite. Metal matrix composite has outstanding wear, heat resistance, and excellent mechanical properties. Many authors have been stated the property as its ability of workpiece material to be machined or it refers to workpiece response to machining or it is normal
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Lee, Insup. "Effect of Gas Content and Treatment Temperature on the Characteristic of Surface Layers of Low Temperature Plasma Nitrided 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel." Materials Science Forum 941 (December 2018): 1784–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.941.1784.

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The effect of gas content and treatment temperature on the surface characteristics of hardened layers of low temperature plasma nitrided 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel was investigated. The process was performed at fixed processing time at 15Hr and changing the N2content from 10% to 25%, changing the treatment temperature from 370 °C to 430 °C. The surface hardness and the thickness of expanded austenite (S-Phase) layer increase with increasing both temperature and nitrogen content. At 430°C processing temperature and 25% N2content, the S-phase layer thickness increased up to 13 μm and surfac
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35

Vignesh, A., V. G. Vijay Prakaash, and A. K. Lakshminarayanan. "Improving Wear Resistance of AISI 316LN Austenitic Stainless Steel Using Friction Stir Processing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.421.

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An attempt is made to modify the surface metallurgically and enhance the wear resistance of AISI 316LN austenitic stainless steel using friction stir processing. Friction stir welding tools made up of tungsten based alloy with pin and pinless configuration was used. Fine equiaxed grains were observed in the friction stir processed zone irrespective of tool configuration used. Dry sliding wear resistance was evaluated using pin-on-disc wear tester and it is found that, the friction stir processed zone showed superior wear resistance compared to the base metal. Microstructure, micro hardness, an
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36

de Vasconcelos, G., J. L. dos Reis, M. V. Campanha, and A. F. da Silva. "Thermal Treatment of the AISI M2 High Speed Steel Promoted by a CO2 Laser Beam." Materials Science Forum 591-593 (August 2008): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.591-593.62.

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The purpose of this paper is the evaluation of the use of a low power CO2 laser beam (50W) to promote the thermal treatment of AISI M2 high-speed steels and evaluate the tribological properties of the graphite coating that takes place on the steel surface after laser irradiation. In order to minimize the steel surface reflection at approximately 90% of the incident radiation wavelength (10.5 μm), an incident radiation absorber layer was applied to the steel surface sample. This coating aims to absorber the incident heat and transfer part of heat to the steel surface. As results the surface pre
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37

Ju, Zhi Lan, Guo Ran Hua, and Hua Zhang. "Effect of Different Modified Mechanism on Mechanical and Cutting Properties of WC-Co(Ni)." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 1709–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.1709.

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Cemented carbide tools are widely used in machining industry due to their superior properties. WC-Co composite cemented carbide tool materials reinforced with Ni and SiC nano particles were fabricated by using powder metallurgy followed by hot extrusion. Different modified mechanism (nano-SiCp modified，binder(Co, Ni) modified and Co electoless plating coated WC ) of WC-based cemented carbide tool materials were fabricated by using powder metallurgy followed by hot extrusion. Microstructure，mechanical and cutting properties were studied. The results show that the heat-resistance, as well as hig
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38

Wu, Hui, Hamidreza Kamali, Mingshuai Huo, et al. "Eco-Friendly Water-Based Nanolubricants for Industrial-Scale Hot Steel Rolling." Lubricants 8, no. 11 (2020): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants8110096.

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Eco-friendly and low-cost water-based nanolubricants containing rutile TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were developed for accelerating their applications in industrial-scale hot steel rolling. The lubrication performance of developed nanolubricants was evaluated in a 2-high Hille 100 experimental rolling mill at a rolling temperature of 850 °C in comparison to that of pure water. The results indicate that the use of nanolubricant enables one to decrease the rolling force, reduce the surface roughness and the oxide scale thickness, and enhance the surface hardness. In particular, the nanolubricant con
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Tu, Fu Quan, Yang Mao, and Ren Bo Xu. "Study of Quenching Organization Property under Wind Cooling Condition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 487 (January 2014): 682–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.487.682.

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In this paper, the steel of U71Mn specifications for 60kg/m heavy rail is seen as a research object. Experimental method is employed to study the heavy rail hardened layer, including surface hardness, micro-structure and cross-sectional hardness under different cooling time during quenching. Experimental results showed that obtained heavy rail after wind cooling quenching finally met the Tb/T2344-2003 43-75 kg/m standard. Best quenching treatment condition is found and the defect is reduced to large extent when quenching time is 40 seconds, cooling time is 40 to 45 seconds, superior to the tra
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40

Katahira, Kazutoshi, and Hitoshi Ohmori. "ELID Grinding Characteristics and Surface Analysis for Micro Fabrication of Advanced Ceramics." Key Engineering Materials 339 (May 2007): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.339.483.

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The present paper describes the highly efficient and precise ELID grinding method and presents a discussion on the ELID grinding process and the grinding characteristics of several kinds of ceramic materials. The following conclusions are obtained; (1) Good ground surface roughness and accuracy are achieved using the #4000 metal-bonded grinding wheel in through-feed centerless grinding for ZrO2 optical fiber ferrules. (2) Efficient and precise grinding of spherical lens molds with cup wheels using the ELID CG-grinding process was proposed and tested in the present study. (3) The ELID grinding
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41

Masallb, Hassan H., Kadhim F. Al-Sultani, and Abdul Raheem K. Abid Ali. "Improving Surface Properties of Inconel 600 Alloy by Electroless Ni-P Deposition." Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences 12, no. 4 (2019): 254–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v12i4.642.

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The use of electroless Ni-P plating (EN) coating has attracted a surprising interest in the most recent years. Many useful characteristics of the electroless-plating method have created many benefits in different industries such as oil, gas, electronic, automotive, aerospace, and chemical. Some of the highlighted properties of such a method are superior corrosion resistance, superior mechanical properties, and uniform thickness of the coating as well as good surface finish properties, good adhesion characteristics, and a wide range of thickness. In this paper, electroless plating has been appl
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He, Bo Lin, Ying Xia Yu, and Jian Ping Shi. "The Effect of QPQ Salt-Bath Nitriding on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of 3Cr2W8V Steel." Materials Science Forum 628-629 (August 2009): 715–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.628-629.715.

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The wear resistance, corrosion resistance and hardness can be greatly increased by using low temperature QPQ salt-bath nitriding treatment. And it is a new strengthening method without distortion in the treating process. In this paper, 3Cr2W8V steel is dealt with QPQ salt-bath nitriding at 520°C, 540°C, 560°C and 2h, 4h, 6h, respectively. The treated surface microstructure was analyzed by using SEM. The depth of nitriding layer, scratch hardness and wear-resistance were tested for both QPQ salt-bath treated and untreated specimen. The corrosion resistance was tested in the 5%NaCl water by usin
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Podgornik, Bojan, Marko Sedlaček, Borut Žužek, and Agnieszka Guštin. "Properties of Tool Steels and Their Importance When Used in a Coated System." Coatings 10, no. 3 (2020): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10030265.

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The introduction of new light-weight high-strength materials, which are difficult to form, increases demands on tool properties, including load-carrying capacity and wear resistance. Tool properties can be improved by the deposition of hard coatings but proper combination and optimization of the substrate properties are required to prepare the tool for coating application. The aim of this paper is to elaborate on tool steel substrate properties correlations, including hardness, fracture toughness, strength and surface quality and how these substrate properties influence on the coating performa
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Luo, Chen Gang, Hao Zhang, Jin Shang, and Shu Wang Duo. "Effect of Bias Voltage on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of CrN Coatings Prepared by Single Target Magnetron Sputtering." Key Engineering Materials 697 (July 2016): 777–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.697.777.

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CrN coatings were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering at different substrate bias voltages. The effects of bias voltage on micro-structure and mechanical properties of CrN coatings were studied by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, micro-hardness tester and a multi-functional tester for material surface properties, respectively. The results showed that bias voltage had a great influence on morphologies of CrN coatings and CrN coatings presented obvious preferred orientation with the increase of bias voltage. In addition, bias voltages in a certain range can also improve ha
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45

Shin, Won-Sang, Hyun Jong Yoo, Jeoung Han Kim, et al. "Effect of Laser Heat-Treatment and Laser Nitriding on the Microstructural Evolutions and Wear Behaviors of AISI P21 Mold Steel." Metals 10, no. 11 (2020): 1487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10111487.

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Laser heat-treatment and laser nitriding were conducted on an AISI P21 mold steel using a high-power diode laser with laser energy densities of 90 and 1125 J/mm2, respectively. No change in surface hardness was observed after laser heat-treatment. In contrast, a relatively larger surface hardness was measured after laser nitriding (i.e., 536 HV) compared with that of the base metal (i.e., 409 HV). The TEM and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) analyses revealed that laser nitriding induced to develop AlN precipitates up to a depth of 15 μm from the surface, resulting in surface hardening
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46

Tsai, Ming-Yi, Yue-Feng Lin, Jihng-Kuo Ho, and Jing-Guang Yang. "Ultrasonic-Assisted Innovative Polyurethane Tool to Polish Mold Steel." International Journal of Automation Technology 13, no. 2 (2019): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2019.p0199.

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High-quality die and mold production is becoming increasingly important in modern mass production. Surface quality is one of the most frequent and stringent customer specifications for machined parts, of which the major consideration and indication of quality is their surface roughness. In this study, a novel ball-ended polishing tool made of polyurethane impregnated with micro cubic boron nitride (CBN) was developed. The polishing tool was mounted on a three-axis machining center; the rotary polishing action was achieved via ultrasonics. Polishing experiments were conducted on specimens of ha
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47

Nose, Masateru, Tomohiro Watanuki, Tokimasa Kawabata, Yuji Hatano, Kenji Matsuda, and Susumu Ikeno. "Oxidation Resistance and Self Hardening of CrAlN/BN Nanocomposite Coatings." Materials Science Forum 706-709 (January 2012): 2559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.706-709.2559.

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CrAlN/BN nanocomposite coatings were deposited on mirror-polished silicon wafer and high-speed steel (HSS) substrates using reactive cosputtering, i.e., pulsed dc and rf sputtering of CrAl and h-BN targets, respectively. Further, the oxidation resistance of the obtained coatings was investigated. The CrAlN/BN coating exhibited superior oxidation resistance properties when compared with those of the CrAlN coatings; after annealing the sample at 800 °C in air for 1 h, the plastic hardness value of the CrAlN coatings decreased to 50% of the as-deposited hardness value; in contrast, the CrAlN/BN c
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48

Kim, Jun Hyong, Auezhan Amanov, and Young Sik Pyun. "The Effects of Ultrasonic Nanocrystal Surface Modification Technique Temperature on Microstructure and Wear of Alloy 600." Materials Science Forum 879 (November 2016): 926–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.879.926.

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Alloy 600 (UNS N06600) is an austenitic nickel-based alloy with superior corrosion resistance and high-temperature endurance, which determines its widespread applications in aeronautical, aerospace, marine and nuclear industries. Particularly, a number of nuclear components used Alloy 600 as their structure materials due to their high corrosion resistance, high-temperature endurance and excellent fabricant characteristics. Many failures have occurred in Alloy 600 with various forms of environmental degradations during long-term operation. In this study, an ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modifi
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49

Chang, M., J. Dennison, and P. Yaman. "Physical Property Evaluation of Four Composite Materials." Operative Dentistry 38, no. 5 (2013): E144—E153. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/12-203-l.

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SUMMARY Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical properties of current formulations of composite resins for polymerization shrinkage, surface hardness, and flexural strength. In addition, a comparison of Knoop and Vickers hardness tests was made to determine if there was a correlation in the precision between the two tests. Materials and Methods Four composite resin materials were used: Filtek LS (3M-ESPE), Aelite LS (Bisco), Kalore (GC America), and Empress Direct (Ivoclar). Ten samples of each composite (shade Vita A2) were used. Polymerization shrinkage was measured wi
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50

Jeong, Ye Eun, Jun Yeop Lee, Eun Kyung Lee, and Do Sik Shim. "Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Deposited Fe-8Cr-3V-2Mo-2W on SCM420 Substrate Using Directed Energy Deposition and Effect of Post-Heat Treatment." Materials 14, no. 5 (2021): 1231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14051231.

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In this study, the Fe-8Cr-3V-2Mo-2W tool steel powder was deposited on the SCM420 substrate through the directed energy deposition (DED) process. This study focuses on the mechanical properties of the deposited Fe-8Cr-3V-2Mo-2W and the effect of heat treatment on it. The changes in the microstructural characteristics of the deposited region due to heat treatment after deposition were observed. The influence of heat treatment on the mechanical properties was then analyzed accordingly and hence, the hardness, wear, impact and tensile tests were conducted on the deposited material. These properti
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