Academic literature on the topic 'Superspreading'

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Journal articles on the topic "Superspreading"

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Hill, Randal M. "Superspreading." Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 3, no. 3 (June 1998): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-0294(98)80068-x.

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Althaus, Christian L. "Ebola superspreading." Lancet Infectious Diseases 15, no. 5 (May 2015): 507–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(15)70135-0.

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Alizon, Samuel. "Superspreading genomes." Science 371, no. 6529 (February 4, 2021): 574–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abg0100.

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Galvani, Alison P., and Robert M. May. "Dimensions of superspreading." Nature 438, no. 7066 (November 2005): 293–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/438293a.

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Kabalnov, A. "Thermodynamics of superspreading." European Physical Journal E 2, no. 3 (July 2000): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00013666.

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Ash, Caroline. "Phylogenetics of superspreading." Science 371, no. 6529 (February 4, 2021): 580.15–582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.371.6529.580-o.

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Nikolov, A., and D. Wasan. "Superspreading mechanisms: An overview." European Physical Journal Special Topics 197, no. 1 (August 2011): 325–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2011-01476-1.

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Ruckenstein, Eli. "Superspreading: A possible mechanism." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 412 (October 2012): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.07.011.

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James, Alex, Jonathan W. Pitchford, and Michael J. Plank. "An event-based model of superspreading in epidemics." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274, no. 1610 (December 5, 2006): 741–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.0219.

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Many recent disease outbreaks (e.g. SARS, foot-and-mouth disease) exhibit superspreading, where relatively few individuals cause a large number of secondary cases. Epidemic models have previously treated this as a demographic phenomenon where each individual has an infectivity allocated at random from some distribution. Here, it is shown that superspreading can also be regarded as being caused by environmental variability, where superspreading events (SSEs) occur as a stochastic consequence of the complex network of interactions made by individuals. This interpretation based on SSEs is compared with data and its efficacy in evaluating epidemic control strategies is discussed.
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Wong, Felix, and James J. Collins. "Evidence that coronavirus superspreading is fat-tailed." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 47 (November 2, 2020): 29416–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018490117.

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Superspreaders, infected individuals who result in an outsized number of secondary cases, are believed to underlie a significant fraction of total SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Here, we combine empirical observations of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 transmission and extreme value statistics to show that the distribution of secondary cases is consistent with being fat-tailed, implying that large superspreading events are extremal, yet probable, occurrences. We integrate these results with interaction-based network models of disease transmission and show that superspreading, when it is fat-tailed, leads to pronounced transmission by increasing dispersion. Our findings indicate that large superspreading events should be the targets of interventions that minimize tail exposure.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Superspreading"

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Williams, K. H. "Dynamic wetting with superspreading surfactants." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2018. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3022625/.

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Radulovic, Jovana. "Experimental and theoretical investigation of the interfacial phenomenon associated with wetting of trisiloxane surfactant solutions." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4710.

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Surface active agents have been successfully employed in numerous industrial, agricultural and biomedical applications for decades. Trisiloxane surfactants in particular have proved to be exceptionally effective as wetting enhancers; hence the name ‘superspreaders’. Since the early ‘90s these extraordinary surfactants have become an irreplaceable component in various products and processes. However, the true nature of their specific wetting behaviour has not been fully revealed and their underlying wetting mechanisms are still poorly understood despite substantial scientific interest during the last decades. In this thesis is an attempt to shed light on specific wetting and spreading behaviour of trisiloxane solutions. Commercial superspreader products were tested in various environments in order to get further insight into their performance in specific practical applications. Experimental investigation of wetting of superspreader solutions on surfaces of different hydrophobicity and comparison to that of a conventional surfactant revealed superiority of trisiloxanes. Exceptional interfacial activity was explained in terms of the specific chemical structure and ‘T’-shape of the molecule. However, sensitivity of the trisiloxane head to low pH and long-time ageing in aqueous environment was revealed. Performance of binary mixtures of commercial superspreaders and conventional surfactant was also assessed. Behaviour of trisiloxanes in the capillary action was studied. Finally, a comprehensive mathematical model for trisiloxane wetting, which incorporates diffusion as the governing factor of the wetting process, was developed.
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Isele-Holder, Rolf Erwin [Verfasser], Ahmed E. [Akademischer Betreuer] Ismail, and Martin T. [Akademischer Betreuer] Horsch. "Molecular phenomena in dynamic wetting: superspreading and precursors / Rolf Erwin Isele-Holder ; Ahmed E. Ismail, Martin T. Horsch." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1128316595/34.

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"The Impact of Anthropologically Motivated Human Social Networks on the Transmission Dynamics of Infectious Disease." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53838.

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abstract: Understanding the consequences of changes in social networks is an important an- thropological research goal. This dissertation looks at the role of data-driven social networks on infectious disease transmission and evolution. The dissertation has two projects. The first project is an examination of the effects of the superspreading phenomenon, wherein a relatively few individuals are responsible for a dispropor- tionate number of secondary cases, on the patterns of an infectious disease. The second project examines the timing of the initial introduction of tuberculosis (TB) to the human population. The results suggest that TB has a long evolutionary history with hunter-gatherers. Both of these projects demonstrate the consequences of social networks for infectious disease transmission and evolution. The introductory chapter provides a review of social network-based studies in an- thropology and epidemiology. Particular emphasis is paid to the concept and models of superspreading and why to consider it, as this is central to the discussion in chapter 2. The introductory chapter also reviews relevant epidemic mathematical modeling studies. In chapter 2, social networks are connected with superspreading events, followed by an investigation of how social networks can provide greater understanding of in- fectious disease transmission through mathematical models. Using the example of SARS, the research shows how heterogeneity in transmission rate impacts super- spreading which, in turn, can change epidemiological inference on model parameters for an epidemic. Chapter 3 uses a different mathematical model to investigate the evolution of TB in hunter-gatherers. The underlying question is the timing of the introduction of TB to the human population. Chapter 3 finds that TB’s long latent period is consistent with the evolutionary pressure which would be exerted by transmission on a hunter- igatherer social network. Evidence of a long coevolution with humans indicates an early introduction of TB to the human population. Both of the projects in this dissertation are demonstrations of the impact of var- ious characteristics and types of social networks on infectious disease transmission dynamics. The projects together force epidemiologists to think about networks and their context in nontraditional ways.
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Anthropology 2019
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Book chapters on the topic "Superspreading"

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Nikolov, A., and D. Wasan. "Superspreading: Role of the Substrate Surface Energy." In Understanding Complex Systems, 301–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34070-3_27.

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Edholm, Christina J., Blessing O. Emerenini, Anarina L. Murillo, Omar Saucedo, Nika Shakiba, Xueying Wang, Linda J. S. Allen, and Angela Peace. "Searching for Superspreaders: Identifying Epidemic Patterns Associated with Superspreading Events in Stochastic Models." In Association for Women in Mathematics Series, 1–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98083-6_1.

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Lima, L. L., and A. P. F. Atman. "Covid-19 Superspreading Events Network Analysis from Agent-Based Model with Mobility Restriction." In Trends in Biomathematics: Chaos and Control in Epidemics, Ecosystems, and Cells, 333–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73241-7_21.

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Venzmer, Joachim. "Superspreading." In Droplet Wetting and Evaporation, 71–84. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-800722-8.00006-0.

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El Baz, Soraia, Ahmed Draoui, Mohamed Echchakery, Natalia Lopez-Gonzalez del Rey, and Karima Chgoura. "Spread of COVID-19 and Its Main Modes of Transmission." In Handbook of Research on Pathophysiology and Strategies for the Management of COVID-19, 78–95. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8225-1.ch005.

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The coronaviruses group can affect mammals, including humans, causing generally mild infectious disorders, sporadically leading to severe outbreak clusters, such as those generated by SARS-CoV in 2003 and by MERS-CoV in 2012 and in 2015. The current coronavirus outbreak started December 29th, 2019 in Wuhan (Republic of China) and has progressively expanded to various parts of the world. A human-to-human transmission of COVID-19 occurs directly through individuals showing symptoms. But, recent researches support the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from persons who are asymptomatic. Indirect transmission occurs via touching infected surfaces or through inhalation of small, exhaled virus in respiratory droplets. To effectively fight the spread of COVID-19, it is vital to understand the different factors that promote superspreading of COVID-19. So, the aim of this chapter is to describe the invasion of SARS-CoV-2 in the human body and the different modes of transmission (directly and indirectly).
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Reports on the topic "Superspreading"

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Dave, Dhaval, Andrew Friedson, Drew McNichols, and Joseph Sabia. The Contagion Externality of a Superspreading Event: The Sturgis Motorcycle Rally and COVID-19. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27813.

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