Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Suport tray'

”Stödbricka för muffinsformar” är ett examensarbete som självständigt utförts av Sara Glanander och Rebecka Westerlund under vårterminen 2011. Det har genomförts vid Karlstads universitet, fakulteten för teknik- och naturvetenskap under innovations- och designingenjörsprogrammet. Siluett of Sweden AB i Kristinehamn är uppdragsgivaren för projektet och kontaktperson samt handledare på företaget är Bernt Rådberg, försäljnings- och marknadschef. Handledare av projektet vid Karlstads universitet är Monica Jakobsson, universitetsadjunkt och programledare för innovations- och designingenjörsprogrammet. Examinator är Fredrik Thuvander, universitetslektor och professor på Karlstads universitet. Siluett, som tillverkar bakformar och andra kartong- och pappersbaserade produkter för bageri- och konditorinäringen, har lagt märke till en ökad efterfrågan av monterade mönstertryckta formar hos sina kunder. Därför startades projektet i syfte att tillgodose detta behov. Då företaget redan lagt märke till kundbehovet genomfördes en mindre förstudie i form av korta intervjuer på ett tiotal bagerier i Karlstad och fyra massproducerande bagerier runt om i landet. Fokus låg på produktspecificeringen där de krav och funktioner som efterfrågades identifierades.  Under konceptgenereringen användes olika idégenereringsmetoder, både självständigt och i grupp. Projektgruppen märkte dock att de fick de enklaste och mest entydiga beskrivningarna genom att göra skissmodeller i papper och enklare kartongmaterial, vilket därför flitigt användes under projektets gång. Här studerades även stödbrickans fysiska ergonomi samt materialets värmebeständighet i form av laborationer. De framtagna koncepten utvärderades och utvecklades. I slutet av projektet återstod fyra koncept vilka presenterades för handledaren på företaget. Det bästa konceptet valdes ut och anpassades för tillverkning av konstruktören, Niklas Karlén, på Petersson Packaging i Norrköping. För närvarande pågår nyhetsgranskning av konceptet, vilket medför att det slutliga resultatet inte kan redovisas. Konceptets mest framstående egenskaper är dock att den är enkel att vika ihop, den är stapelbar och lätthanterlig, vilket var några av projektets mål.
”Support tray for muffin cups” is a final thesis which was independently executed by Sara Glanander and Rebecka Westerlund during spring 2011. It was carried out through Karlstad University Faculty of Technology and Science in the study program of Innovation and Design Engineering. The employer of the project is Siluett of Sweden AB in Kristinehamn. The contact person and instructor at the company is Bernt Rådberg, sales and marketing manager. The supervisor at Karlstad University is Monica Jakobsson, lecturer and director of studies for the study program in Innovation and Design Engineering. Examiner is Fredrik Thuvander, lecturer and professor at Karlstad University. Siluett manufactures muffin cups and other cardboard- and paperbased products for the bakery- and patisserie industry. They have noticed an increase in demand from their customers for set up, patterned, muffin cups. The project was initiated to fulfill this need. Since the company had already noticed the need, only a smaller preliminary study was performed. The study was in the shape of short interviews at ten different bakeries in Karlstad and four mass-producing bakeries around the country. The focus was on the defining of the product where the inquired demands and functions were specified. Different methods were used during the concept generation, both individually and in group. The project team noticed that the easiest way to get understandable descriptions were by making small models in paper and cardboard. This method was diligently used throughout the project. Also the physiological ergonomics was studied and the heat resistance of the material was tested by laboratory experiments. The produced concepts were evaluated and developed. In the end, only four concepts remained and were presented to the instructor at the company. The best concept was chosen and later adjusted for manufacturing by Nicklas Karlén, a constructor at Peterson Packaging AB in Norrköping. For the present a novelty search is going on, which entails that the final result cannot be shown. The most eminent characteristic of the chosen concept is its simplicity. It is easy to fold, easy to stack and easy to handle, which was some of the goals of the project.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to design the extension of tram line no. 12 from the current terminal station Technologicky park to the city district Brno-Medlanky. The tram track is situated on the separate road bed outside the built up urban area. Directional and elevational solution of the track is designed in several variants, after the evaluation the best variant is selected and elaborated. The diploma thesis contains the design of the tram stop and the terminal station with baloon loop, including access paths. Adjustment of the crossed road and the drainage system solution is part of the thesis as well.

Sociala medier och IT support, två områden som det ofta pratas om. Allt fler företag väljer att kombinera dessa två och låta sina kunder kontakta dem då de behöver IT support via sociala medier, detta fenomen kallas ’Social IT support’. Många människor, använder dagligen sociala medier dock är det oklart vad användare anser om att söka IT support via sociala medier. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka hur användaren ser på att söka IT support via sociala medier samt vid vilket tillfälle de hellre skulle använda sig av traditionell IT support så som telefon och e-post samt om användaren förräntar sig snabbare respons från företaget då de söker IT support via sociala medier. Undersökningarna som genomförts har syftat till att undersöka och granska vad verkliga individer tycker och tänker kring ämnet. Undersökningarna som genomfört har bestått av en strukturerad kvantitativ enkät med 102 respondenter samt en semi strukturerad kvalitativ intervju som har genomförts på fem individer. Resultatet som framkommit av undersökningen visar att majoriteten av respondenterna är positivt inställda till att prova på att söka IT support via sociala medier. Undersökningen visar också att det är de olika problemen som uppstår som påverkar om de väljer att söka IT support via sociala medier eller på det traditionella sättet. Resultatet visar även att de flesta respondenter förväntar sig snabbare kontakt från företaget då de sökt IT support via sociala medier än över telefon. Vilket är känt från tidigare forskning dock har skillnader från tidigare forskningar påträffats. Undersökningen visar även att män har högre förväntningar än kvinnor på hur lång tid det ska ta för ett företag att kontakta dem.

The subject of this thesis are countries in Latin America, specifically Mexico and the member states of the economic integration MERCOSUR, Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela, Paraguay and Uruguay, their foreign trade and economic relations with EU, Czech Republic respectively and the state support for exporters. The goal is to characterize the selected countries and their standings within the region and towards EU/CZ, to classify their trade relations and identify perspective export-oriented branches and to enumerate services and advantages for Czech exporters through state export support. To achieve these objectives many statistics have been used, in particular: demographic structure, GDP structure, history of the balance of trade, product grouping of exports a.o. Analysis showed that the degree of difficulty for Czech exporters to penetrate the markets of Mexico and MERCOSUR member states differs greatly. Perspective export commodities are transport vehicles, processing machinery and manufactures. The possibility to use services of the state export support is specific to each country. Mexico and MERCOSUR, based on the total value of mutual trade, are not the most significant trade partners of the Czech Republic, they, however, hold considerable potential.

El ictus afecta abruptamente muchos aspectos de la vida del paciente superviviente y de sus familiares más cercanos. Su incidencia y el coste económico relacionado con la discapacidad secundaria van en aumento en la mayoría de países occidentales y en todo el mundo. El desarrollo de iniciativas que proporcionen de forma adecuada información sobre el ictus y su prevención, así como la formación necesaria para la adquisición de habilidades de auto-cuidado o manejo de estos pacientes, es clave para que una organización con recursos sanitarios limitados de respuesta a una sociedad que cada vez precisa con mayor nitidez una red socio-sanitaria integrada. La información precisa convierte a los pacientes y cuidadores en agentes activos con una mayor implicación en su proceso terapéutico, al mismo tiempo que reduce la incertidumbre y el miedo característicos después de un ictus. La formación del paciente y su cuidador en técnicas de auto-cuidado garantiza la máxima autonomía posible del paciente en su vida diaria, objetivo primordial del programa rehabilitador. A su vez, el soporte que desde las unidades de rehabilitación se proporcione al paciente con ictus y su familia es clave para reducir la soledad y aumentar los niveles de confianza y participación en la vida familiar o social de ambos. La satisfacción del paciente y cuidador con según qué aspectos del programa rehabilitador nos da información sobre si estamos respondiendo adecuadamente a sus necesidades más inmediatas después del ictus, y puede orientar al proveedor del servicio en cuanto a la organización del mismo. El aumento del nivel de conocimiento sobre el ictus del paciente y el cuidador, por otra parte, indica también que la medida educacional implantada está siendo eficaz. En este trabajo se evalúa la eficacia de una medida específica dirigida a proporcionar información, formación y soporte al paciente y su cuidador después del ictus. El aumento de la satisfacción de ambos, así como su nivel de conocimientos sobre esta afección demuestra que estas medidas son factibles y pueden ayudar en la adaptación de los pacientes y sus cuidadores en la nueva situación. Por otra parte, constatamos la necesidad de desarrollar en nuestro medio herramientas válidas que nos permitan evaluar los resultados de las intervenciones, ya sea en términos de satisfacción, conocimientos u otras variables de resultado. Por ello, se ha validado la versión en castellano de la Escala de Satisfacción de Pound, una herramienta específica, y con una gran aceptación internacional, para medir el grado de satisfacción del paciente con el programa rehabilitador seguido después del ictus. En base a nuestros resultados concluimos que la implantación sistemática de medidas dirigidas a la educación, formación y soporte de pacientes y cuidadores en el programa de rehabilitación seguido tras el ictus es factible y efectiva, y que la Escala de Satisfacción de Pound es una herramienta válida también en nuestro medio para medir la satisfacción con el programa rehabilitador seguido tras el ictus.
Stroke abruptly affects many aspects of life of the surviving patients and their closest relatives. Incidence and the economic cost associated with secondary disability are increasing in most western countries and around the world. The development of initiatives that adequately provide information on stroke and its prevention, as well as the necessary training to acquire skills for self-care or management of these patients, is a key aspect for a care organization with limited health resources to respond to a society that increasingly needs, with greater clarity, an integrated socio-health network. Accurate information makes patients and caregivers in active agents with a greater involvement in their therapeutic process, while reduces uncertainty and fear, both characteristics after stroke. Patient education and caregiver training in self-care techniques ensures the maximum possible patient autonomy in their life, which is a primary objective in the rehabilitation program. Also support provided from stroke rehabilitation units for patients and their families is key to reduce their feelings of loneliness and increase levels of confidence and participation in family and social life. Patient and caregiver satisfaction with some aspect of the rehabilitation program gives us information about whether we are properly responding to their immediate needs after stroke, and can guide the service provider in terms of organization. The improvement in patients and caregivers´ knowledge about stroke also may indicate that the educational measure is being implemented effectively. In this work we evaluate the efficacy of a specific measure to provide education, training and support for patients and caregivers after stroke. Increased levels of satisfaction, as well as the improvement of their knowledge about this condition shows this kind of measures are feasible and can help patients and caregivers adapt to the new situation. On the other hand, we note the need to develop valid tools that allow us to evaluate the results of new interventions, in terms of satisfaction, knowledge or other outcome variables. Therefore, we validate the spanish version of The Satisfaction Pound Scale, a specific tool and with a great international acceptance, to measure patient´s satisfaction with the rehabilitation program after stroke. With this work we conclude that implementation of systematic measures for education, training and support for patients and caregivers in the rehabilitation program after stroke is feasible and effective, and that de Satisfaction Pound Scale is a valid tool also in our environment to evaluate patient satisfaction with the rehabilitation program after stroke.

The first two chapters examine the party's policy towards the wage-stop and the poverty trap. Until 1963 the party ignored the wage-stop but from then until 1975 a section of the party campaigned against the regulation expressing moral revulsion and concern about its administration but only rarely opposition to the principle. A Labour government removed the stop when its operation affected only a tiny minority of families. The party was quickly involved in the development of the poverty trap debate being particularly drawn to its disincentive characteristics, but Labour governments, like their Conservative counterparts, soon came to regard the idea as a mere statistical abstraction. After confirming the party's historical ambivalence about Family Allowances the thesis demonstrated that whenever it advocated allowances it did so because it believed the programme would alleviate family poverty rather than augment work incentives. However Labour governments consistently upheld the principle of substitutability, thus conferring de facto support on that less-eligibility dimension of Family Allowances which Macnicol has established informed the coalition government's decision to legislate for the programme in 1945. Despite the party's opposition to Family Income Supplement it became an important element in the Labour government's anti-poverty strategy after the Child Benefits debate in 1976. F.I.S. was criticised because of its contribution to the poverty trap and its potential for assisting in the pauperisation of the low paid, while Child Benefit was supported because it appeared to be a more equitable technique of delivering support to families with dependent children although some in the party were sensitive to the scheme's potential link with improved work incentives. In general, the Labour Party is seen to have failed to develop any coherent and sustained alternative to the ideas and programmes of its political opponents in this critical area of social policy.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Many health and emergency professionals are involved in the aftermath of community disasters,taking care of victims and being exposed directly and indirectly to traumatic events. These professionalsare at risk of developing posttraumatic stress symptoms. In Brazil, one of the most striking community tragedies was the fire at the Kiss nightclub, which took place in the city of Santa Maria - RS, at the dawn of January 27th, 2013. In this sense, this dissertation is composed of two empirical studies presented in the form of articles. The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between PTSD, social support and emotional regulation strategies in health and emergency professionals who assisted the victims of the Kiss Nightclub fire, as well as to describe the experience of the professionals who participated in this event. The first article is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional, correlational design. The sampling process was non-probabilistic by convenience, and the sample consisted of 99 health and emergency professionals from the Santa Maria public and private sectors, who consented to participate in the study. The instruments used were: sociodemographic questionnaire, Post Traumatic Cognitions Inventory, The Life Events Checklist for DSM-5, PTSD Checklist, Social Support Perception Scale, and the Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire. The data were analyzed in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences 17.0 (SPSS). The results pointed out that low social support and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies are positively correlated with posttraumatic stress symptoms, and that posttraumatic cognitions predict posttraumatic symptoms. The second article is an exploratory cross-sectional study structured with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out in the workplaces of the health and emergency professionals of Santa Maria - RS, by the team of researchers. Collection consisted of an interview with a sample of five participants who were selected from the first study, by the criterion of presenting higher PTSD symptom scores. A topic interview script was used which included questions related to the context of the tragedy, immediate impacts, long term effects and meanings that the professionals gave to the experience of attending to the victims. A Theme Analysis was conducted, as proposed by Braun e Clarke (2006). The study shows that, even five years past this tragedy, health professionals continue to suffer with posttraumatic stress symptoms, such as avoidance and hypervigilance, and have used coping resources, task focus, social support and spirituality. As for meanings, some interpret the situation as a tragedy and a scar in the lives of the people involved and in the community; others understand that the event has provided professional growth and changes in the security protocols of enclosed spaces. This dissertation aimed at promoting advances in the literature on PTSD in health and emergency professionals in situations of community tragedies, contributing to increase the knowledge about PTSD prevalence in this population and associated factors. In addition, the understanding of the context, impacts and meanings that the professionals gave to their experience in the tragedy of Santa Maria aid in understanding the psychological consequences of the work with people exposed to traumas. This could guide the development of interventions for the promotion of health and wellbeing of such professionals.
Em trag?dias comunit?rias, muitos profissionais de sa?de e emerg?ncia s?o envolvidos no atendimento ?s v?timas e expostos direta e indiretamente a eventos traum?ticos, podendo desenvolver sintomas de Estresse P?s-traum?tico. No Brasil, uma das trag?dias comunit?rias mais impactantes foi o inc?ndio na boate Kiss, que aconteceu na cidade de Santa Maria - RS, na madrugada do dia 27 de janeiro de 2013. Nesse sentido, essa disserta??o de mestrado ? composta por dois estudos emp?ricos apresentados na forma de artigos. O objetivo do trabalho ? explorar a associa??o entre TEPT, suporte social e estrat?gias de regula??o emocional em profissionais de sa?de e emerg?ncia que prestaram assist?ncia ?s v?timas no inc?ndio da Boate Kiss e descrever a experi?ncia dos profissionais que atuaram nesse evento. O primeiro artigo ? um estudo quantitativo com delineamento correlacional, de corte transversal. O processo de amostragem foi n?o probabil?stico por conveni?ncia, sendo a amostra composta por 99 profissionais de sa?de e emerg?ncia da rede p?blica e privada de Santa Maria, que consentiram em participar do estudo. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: question?rio sociodemogr?fico, Invent?rio de Cogni??es P?s- Traum?ticas, The Life Events Checklist for DSM-5, PTSD Checklist, Escala de Percep??o do Suporte Social e Question?rio de Regula??o Emocional Cognitiva. Os dados foram analisados no Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 17.0 (SPSS).Os resultados apontaram que baixo suporte social e estrat?gias desadaptativas de regula??o emocional est?o correlacionados positivamente com sintomas de estresse p?s-traum?tico, e que cogni??es p?s traum?ticas predizem sintomas de estresse p?s traum?tico. O segundo artigo ? um estudo transversal do tipo explorat?rioestruturado a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa. A coleta foi realizada nos locais de trabalho dos profissionais de sa?de e emerg?ncia de Santa Maria ? RS, pela equipe de pesquisadores. Consistiu em uma entrevista com uma amostra de cinco participantes que foram selecionados a partir do primeiro estudo, pelo crit?rio de apresentarem maior sintomatologia de TEPT. Foi utilizado um roteiro t?pico de entrevista que contemplou perguntas relativas ao contexto da trag?dia, impactos imediatos, efeitos no longo prazo e significados que os profissionais deram ? experi?ncia de atendimento ?s v?timas. O m?todo de an?lise de dados utilizado foi a An?lise Tem?tica conforme proposto por Braun e Clarke (2006).O estudo mostrou que, mesmo ap?s cinco anos dessa trag?dia, os profissionais de sa?de continuam tendo sintomas de estresse p?s-traum?tico, como evita??o e hipervigil?ncia, e utilizaram, como recursos de enfrentamento, foco na tarefa, apoio social e espiritualidade. Quanto aos significados, alguns avaliam sob o prisma da trag?dia e da cicatriz nas vidas das pessoas envolvidas e na comunidade, outros entendem que o evento proporcionou crescimento profissional e mudan?as nos protocolos de seguran?a de 7 espa?os fechados. Entende-se que essa disserta??o cumpriu com o objetivo de promover avan?os na literatura sobre TEPT em profissionais de sa?de e emerg?ncia em situa??es de trag?dias comunit?rias, contribuindo para ampliar o conhecimento sobre a preval?ncia nessa popula??o e sobre os fatores associados. Ademais, a compreens?o do contexto, impactos e significados que os profissionais deram ? sua experi?ncia na trag?dia de Santa Maria ajudou a entender as consequ?ncias psicol?gicas do trabalho com pessoas expostas a traumas, o que poder? norteara elabora??o de interven??es para promo??o de sa?de e bem-estar dos profissionais.

Questa tesi presenta la progettazione e l'implementazione di un sistema assistivo low cost ed open-source sfruttando un device wearable per supportare la comunicazione sociale aptica tra persone affette da sordocecità, utilizzando una specifica codifica: l'alfabeto Malossi. Inoltre, dopo un'attenta analisi dello stato del'arte nella quale si è evinta una necessità ancora da esplorare, il progetto è stato espanso per favorire la comunicazione sociale aptica many-to-many in ambito distribuito. Appoggiandosi ad uno scenario di riferimento, ovvero la conferenza, è stata progettata un'architettura in tal senso facendo riferimento a TuCSoN, tecnologia già consolidata. Infine, sono stati effettuati test sulle performance e sull'usabilità del guanto.

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One of the main themes in the thinking of Nietzsche consists of his critique of the rationalism created by Socrates, which, to the detriment of the artistic form of treating life, establishes the predominance of science as the only generator of knowledge, therefore, of the truth. What he stands for is a tragic view of the world, in which art, with its characteristics, specially the appreciation of illusion and appearance, is the guider of life, including the knowledge itself. So, we see the author turn his thinking to the Pre-Socratic period, appreciating the thoughts of philosophers from that time, when life and art were not separated, since the instinct for knowledge had not spoiled them yet. The art among the Greek, specially tragedy, represents, to Nietzsche, the climax of this civilization, the will of living of these people, who, before knowing, wanted to live and who understood that knowledge must serve life, and not the other way around. Therefore, facing the issues through which his time goes, and identifying their causes in the Socratic rationalism, we see Nietzsche claim the return of a tragic era, which, following the Pre-Socratic format, would have art as its founder.
Um dos principais temas presentes no pensamento de Nietzsche consiste em sua cr?tica ao racionalismo criado por S?crates, que, em detrimento da forma art?stica de se tratar a vida, estabelece a predomin?ncia da ci?ncia como ?nica formadora de conhecimento, portanto, de verdade. O que ele defende ? uma vis?o tr?gica do mundo, na qual a arte, com suas caracter?sticas, principalmente a valoriza??o da ilus?o e da apar?ncia seja norteadora da vida, inclusive do pr?prio conhecimento. Ent?o, vemos o autor voltar seu pensamento para o per?odo pr?-socr?tico, valorizando o pensamento dos fil?sofos dessa ?poca em que a vida e a arte n?o se dissociavam, porque o instinto de conhecimento ainda n?o as havia contaminado. A arte entre os gregos, principalmente a trag?dia, representa para Nietzsche o apogeu dessa civiliza??o, a vontade de vida desse povo, que antes de conhecer queriam viver, e que entendiam que o conhecimento deve servir a vida e n?o o contr?rio. Assim, diante dos problemas pelos quais passa sua ?poca, e identificando suas causas no racionalismo socr?tico, vemos Nietzsche reclamar o retorno de uma era tr?gica, que nos mesmos moldes dos pr?-socr?ticos, teria a arte como fundadora

En 1226 François d’Assisi dicta son testament dans lequel il interdisait à ses frères d’insérer gloses dans la Règle [mittere glossas in Regula] et leur demandait de comprendre [intelligere] et observer sans commentaire [sine glossa] ses indications. Trois siècles plus tard, plusieurs textes qui commentaient la Règle étaient recueillis dans des livres rédigés au début du XVIe connus comme Specula Minorum ou Firmamenta ordinis Minorum. Il s’agissait des récoltes des dizaines des textes qui appartenaient à typologies littéraires différentes : déclarations papales sur la Règle, Constitutiones des chapitres généraux, lettres, traités, questiones et Expostiones super Regulam. Dans trois siècles, donc, les frères avaient rédigé un ensemble de textes qui en manières et en formes différentes commentaient – dans des proportions exceptionnelles par rapport aux différents Ordres religieux – la Règle. La thèse considère une précise typologie de textes au sein de ce corpus des textes qui commentent la Règle, les Expositiones super Regulam, en essayant d’analyser qui furent les auteurs, leurs finalités, le public à lequel ils s’adressèrent et qui furent ceux qui les lurent et quelque fois les copièrent afin de les valoriser comme sources utiles afin de reconstruire quelques aspects de l’histoire de l’Ordre des frères Mineurs qui attient, en particulier, à l’histoire sociale et culturale du bas Moyen Âge.Cette recherche s’insère dans un espace historiographique encore ouvert où les Expositiones super Regulam n’ont jamais été analysées dans la longue durée e dans leur spécificité. Les Expositiones super Regulam peuvent être définies comme une typologie littéraires spécifique à partir de deux éléments : une structure toujours identique formée de l’explicitation d’une citation de la Règle et de son commentaire et une finalité principalement exégétique, d’explication du texte. À travers ces critères ont été identifiés vingt textes qui vont constituer le corpus au centre de l’analyse : • L’Expositio Regulae des Quatre Maitres, • L’Elucidatio super Regulam d’Hugues de Digne, • L’Expositio Regulae de Davide d’Augsbourg, • Celle de Jean Pecham, • Celle du Pseudo-Bonaventura, • La Declaratio Regulae de Jean du Galles, • L’Expositio super Regulam de Pierre de Jean Olieu, • Celle d’Ange Clareno, • La Brevis Expositio Regulae, • L’Expositio Regulae anonyme du manuscrit de Sankt Florian, • Celle de Bartholomée de Pise, • La Dechiaratione dela Regola de Jean de Capistran, • L’Expositio Regulae et Constitutionum de Christophe de Varese, • La Serena conscientia d’Alexandre Ariosto, • La Lucerna fratrum Minorum de Jaime de Alcalà, • L’Expositio Regulae de Bartholomée de Brendola, • Celle d’Augustin de Alfeld, • L’Amore evangelico, • Les deux Dialoghi de Jean Pili de Fano.Dans la première de la thèse j’analyse chaque Expositio super Regulam. Pour chaque Commentaire je vais donner les mêmes, fondamentales, éléments : le contexte à l’intérieur de l’histoire de l’Ordre, quelques indications concernant l’auteur et la datation, le public, la finalité, les rapports avec des autres texte et, finalement, une analyse de la structure du commentaire de chaque chapitre [...]
In 1226 Francis of Assisi, sick and close to death, dictated his testament in which he forbade to his friars to put glosses in the Rule [mittere glossas in Regula] and invited to understand [intelligere] and observe without comment [sine glossa] his indications. Three centuries later all the texts which reflected on the Rule, commenting it entirely or partially, were collected in some books of the beginning of XVI century called Specula Minorum or Firmamenta ordinis Minorum. They were several tens of texts belonging to different literary typologies: papal declarations on the Rule, Constitutiones of the general chapters of the friars, letters, treatises, questiones and Expositiones super Regulam. In three centuries, therefore, not only the Francis’ prohibition was ignored but the friars created a collection of texts which commented the Rule in different ways and forms. Drawing up these texts, the friars Minor developed in these centuries an exceptional number of reflexions about the Rule mainly if we compare this textual production with the one of other religious Orders. The thesis analyses a specific typology of texts present in this corpus of works, the Expositiones super Regulam, trying to investigate who are the actors, which are their goals, to which public they addressed and who were the ones who read and copied them. Once we had these details the Expositiones could be valorised as useful sources to rebuild some aspects of the history of the minoritic Order related to the social and cultural history of Late Middle Ages. The Expositiones super Regulam could be defined as a specific literary typology starting from two elements: an always identical structure formed by the quotation of a lemma of the Rule followed by a part of comment and a primarily exegetic goal. Through these criteria I identified twenty texts: • The Expositio super Regulam of Four Masters, • The Elucidatio super Regulam of Hugh of Digne, • The Expositio Regulae of David of Augsburg, • The one of John Pecham,• The one of the Pseudo-Bonaventure or of the Pseudo-Pecham,• The Declaratio Regulae of John of Wales, • The Expositio super Regulam of Peter John Olivi,• The Brevis Expositio Regulae • The one of Angel Clareno, • The anonym Expositio Regulae inside the manuscript Sankt Florian, Stiftsbibliothek, XI 148,• The one of Bartholomew of Pisa,• The Dechiaratione dela Regola of John of Capistrano,• The Expositio Regulae et Constitutionum of Christophe of Varese,• The Serena conscientia of Alexander Ariosto,• The Lucerna fratrum Minorum of Jaime de Alcalà,• The Expositio Regulae of Bartholomew of Brendola,• The one of Augustin of Alfeld,• The two Dialogues of John Pili of Fano.In the first part I analyse every Expositio Regulae. For every Commentary I give the same, fundamental elements: the contextualisation in the history of the Order, some indications about authorship and dating, the public, the goals, the relations with other texts and, finally, an analysis of the structure. [....]

Brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is a crossover pest impacting agriculture and invading urban environments. Studies were conducted to better understand the management of the bug through its physiology, behavior and susceptibility to insecticidal intervention. Halyomopha halys exhibit great variability in overwintering site selection with choices including manmade structures and tree bark. Because of these diverse sites, the bug must have the ability to withstand varying conditions throughout the overwintering cycle. We were able to determine that H. halys is chill intolerant and capable of adapting its tolerance to temperatures by season, sex, and location of acclimation. The mean supercooling point (± SEM) in the winter in Minnesota was -17.06°C ± 0.13° and in Virginia was -13.90°C ± 0.09°. Laboratory experiments conducted in Blacksburg, VA were able to determine baseline lethal high temperatures over time against H. halys adults. To achieve 100% mortality, temperatures fell between 45°C and 50°C, 40°C and 45°C, and 42°C and 45°C, over 15-min, 1-h, and 4-h, respectively. Moving forward, we were able to utilize this information to develop heat treatment guidelines for export shipping cargo infested with overwintering H. halys. In a controlled field experiment, we determined that exposing the coldest areas of an infested vehicle to temperatures greater than 50°C for a minimum of 15 minutes resulted in 100% mortality of overwintering BMSB adults. In 2012 and 2013, citizen scientists were recruited through Virginia Cooperative Extension to assist in evaluating several in home light traps designed to help eradicate overwintering H. halys adults in homes. Over the course of the two year study, fourteen houses participated in the study with 72% of those houses having stink bug activity. It was found that the most effective trap was an aluminum foil pan trap. In 2013, the trap was 19 times more effective at catching stink bug adults than any other trap tested. In September of 2014, a near-field experiment was conducted to determine the residual efficacy of several recommended and labeled insecticides for treatment of homes against invading H. halys adults. This study used constructed window screen bags that were dipped in insecticide solution. After the initial treatment, bugs were exposed to the bags for 24h weekly, up to 54 days after treatment (DAT). It was determined that 2 DAT all insecticides had activity except for indoxacarb. All insecticides lost efficacy after 29 DAT except for lambda-cyhalothrin, beta-cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin + imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam, and dinotefuran, which had some measureable activity even after 40 DAT. Each of these insecticides contained a pyrethroid alone or in combination with a neonicotinoid. Laboratory bioassays were conducted to determine the LC50 values of clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam against H. halys nymphs using a systemic application method. Those LC50 values were found to be 0.077, 0.013, 0.068, and 0.018 ppm, respectively. Field experiments conducted in Virginia in 2012 and 2013 showed a significant reduction of stink bug damage using two soil applications of neonicotinoid insecticides in pepper and tomato. In North Carolina, a single drip irrigation application significantly reduced stink bug damage in 2012 and 2014 using dinotefuran or imidacloprid.
Ph. D.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Jun. 26, 2009). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Chemistry Biological Chemistry. " Discipline: Chemistry; Department/School: Chemistry.

This thesis considers whether the concept of resilience is applicable to people ageing with dementia; and, if so, what the implications are for social work practice. It begins with an exploration of the literature on dementia, resilience and social work. Using a symbolic interactionist approach it then details how the interactions of people with dementia and their social workers can potentially influence the realisation of resilience in practice. I collected data over a two year period. During this period six dyads comprising a person with dementia and social worker provided rich verbal accounts of their respective experiences. Using narrative analysis the stories of each person with dementia were explored to reveal threats to identity and possible resilience strategies. A resilience lens was applied to the verbal accounts of social workers in order to reveal opportunities and challenges to using resilience in practice. The findings indicate that identity continues to be of importance to people who are ageing with dementia. The preservation of identity could therefore be re-framed as the outcome of a resilience process. Each person could potentially acquire resources over their life which could help to mitigate threats to identity. This is referred to as the resilience reserve. This thesis details the potential domains of such a reserve. Further, it contains details of possible resilience strategies that a person with dementia might employ within stories of self. These strategies are placed within the context of protective and vulnerability factors in order that a resilience framework can emerge. This thesis argues for a re-framing of theories of what social work is. This, combined with a definition of resilience, and the development of a resilience practice framework could promote and realise the resilience of the person ageing with dementia.

The permanent exclusion (PE) of young people from school is frequently linked to negative social and academic outcomes, providing the dominant rationale for reducing the numbers of young people who are permanently excluded. The aim of the systemic literature review was to explore what is known about interventions that aim to reduce the number of school exclusions. I conducted a mixed methods review asking the questions, ‘which interventions are most effective in reducing numbers of school exclusions?’ and, ‘why are some interventions effective in reducing school exclusions?’ The prevailing themes which emerged were named positivity, motivation and communication and it was felt that these were important elements of effective intervention in reducing numbers of school exclusions. Informed by gaps highlighted in the literature review, the aim of the empirical research was to triangulate these findings with theory generated from young people’s perceptions using a grounded theory approach. 18 young people were asked questions loosely based on the positive method Appreciative Inquiry in order to ascertain their perceptions of ‘what works’ to support their behaviour effectively using focus groups and individual semi-structured interviews. The main thematic categories created were learning, self-esteem, environment, control and change of feelings, and these were related together to form a theory. The young people’s theory suggested that self-esteem was a central element and was interrelated to the categories of learning, environment and control. They suggested that in a positive system these factors would cause a positive change of feelings then a positive change in behaviour. The high level of triangulation between the literature and young people’s perceptions suggests that the type of intervention may not be as important as how intervention or prevention is implemented and then perceived by the young people. However, the findings suggest that schools and classrooms that promote positive self-esteem, young people’s control, good communication and use of language based on feelings, may be effective in reducing PEs and are perceived by young people to be effective at supporting their behaviour. The high corroboration with wider research suggests that this theory may describe more than just challenging behaviour and therefore it may be applied more broadly to learning behaviour and social behaviour.

Les études de la radioactivité bêta dans les milieux nucléaires permettent en partie de participer à la détermination d’un des paramètres qui décrit l'interaction faible (la constante de couplage vectoriel). Pour cela, de nombreuses mesures permettent déjà d’atteindre de grandes précisions sur ce paramètre pour un grand nombre de noyaux des transitions bêta super-permise. Cependant, pour le carbone 10, l'incertitude relative du rapport d'embranchement reste encore élevée par rapport aux autres noyaux pères avec une valeur de l’ordre de 0,13 %. Ceci est dû à l’énergie du photon émis par l’état 0+ du noyau fils qui est de 1021,6 keV, c’est-à-dire proche de l’énergie d’empilement de deux signaux de photons de 511 keV. En mai 2015, notre groupe a réalisé, à ISOLDE au CERN, une expérience afin de mesurer très précisément cette transition. Pour produire le carbone 10,nous avons réalisé des réactions nucléaires qui produisaient en grandes parties les noyaux d’intérêts mais aussi des contaminants de mêmes masses émetteurs de bêta+. Afin de réduire l’empilement, il aurait été nécessaire de mieux séparer les éléments ou d’estimer celui-ci à partir de données équivalentes avec le néon 19. Ainsi, nous avons calculé une constante d’empilement qui dépend du temps de mise en forme est qui est de l’ordre de 0,1μs. Par la suite, l’analyse de nos données carbone 10 a permis d’obtenir un rapport d’embranchement de 1,500(4) % alors que la moyenne des valeurs de la littérature donne1,4645(19) %. Dans le but de produire plus d’espèces de noyaux et d'augmenter l'intensité des faisceaux, le GANIL (Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds) développe actuellement un nouvel accélérateur ainsi qu'un ensemble de cibles basées sur la méthode ISOL. Pour réduire le dépôt de contaminants aux points de mesures, tel que c'était le cas pour la mesure du carbone 10 à ISOLDE, la communauté de physiciens souhaite aussi développer un ensemble d'outils de séparations. Dans ce cadre, notre groupe participe depuis 2011 au développement de deux de ces outils : un séparateur de haute-résolution (HRS) pour séparer des noyaux dont le pouvoir de résolution en masse nécessaire (m/Δm) souhaité est de 20000et un double piège de Penning (PIPERADE) pour séparer les noyaux qui nécessite au maximum d’un pouvoir de résolution en masse de 100000. Ainsi, au CENBG, une ligne faisceau de test qui comprend une source d'ions FEBIAD, le quadrupôle radiofréquence regroupeur-refroidisseur GPIB, un aiguillage électrostatique et le double piège de Penning (PIPERADE) est en cours de développement. Lors des tests de ces dispositifs, nous avons observé une efficacité de transmission de l’ordre de 80 % du faisceau qui traverse le GPIB.Également, nous avons mesuré une émittance transverse de 3 pi.mm.mrad en comparaison de celle de 26 pi.mm.mrad observées en aval du GPIB. Par la suite, les simulations de laligne d’injection dans le piège de Penning ont permis de définir une décélération qui permet d’injecter 98 % des ions extraits du GPIB.Cette thèse se compose donc de deux parties : la détermination du rapport d'embranchement du carbone 10 et le développement et l'intégration au CENBG de la ligne de faisceau PIPERADE
The beta radioactivity studies in nuclear medium allow to participate in thedetermination of one of the parameters that describes the weak interaction (the vectorcoupling constant). For this purpose, numerous measurements have already been made todetermine this parameter with great precision for superallowed transition nuclei. However,for carbon 10, the relative uncertainty of the branching ratio is still high compared to otherparent nuclei with a value of the order of 0.13%. This high uncertainty is due to photonenergy emitted of 1021.6 keV which is really closed to the energy due to pile-up of twophotons of 511 keV. In May 2015, our group conducted an experiment at ISOLDE at CERN tomeasure the branching ratio very precisely. The nuclear reactions needed to produce thenuclei gave a large amount of nuclei of interest but also contaminants of the same massewhich also emit beta+ particles. A pile-up ratio of around 0.1 μs was calculated. Then, wefound a branching ratio of 1.500(4) % whereas the average from litterature is 1.4645(19) %.To study more species of nuclei and increase the intensity of the beams, GANIL(Grand Accélérateur National d’Ions Lourds) is currently developing a new accelerator as wellas a set of targets based on ISOL method. In order to reduce the contaminants deposit atthe measurement points, as we saw for the measurement of carbon 10 at ISOLDE, thecommunity of physicists also wants to develop separation apparati. In this context, since2011, our group has been involved in the development of two of these tools: a highresolutionseparator (HRS) to separate nuclei which need a mass resolving power (m / Δm)around 20,000 and a double Penning trap (PIPERADE) to separate the nuclei which require amaximum resolution of 100,000. Thus, at CENBG, a test beam line that includes a FEBIAD ionsource, a RFQ cooler-buncher (GPIB), an electrostatic switch, and a double Penning trap(PIPERADE) is under development. During apparati tests, we observe a transmissionefficiency around 80 %. Also, we measure a transverse emittance about 3 pi.mm.mrad whichis lower than 26 pi.mm.mrad observed before the GPIB. By the way, simulations of the beamline permitted to decelerate the beam and inject 98 % of ions.This thesis consists of two parts: the determination of the carbon 10 branching ratioand the development and integration of the PIPERADE beam line at CENBG

The thesis is focused on the opinion of an office building from the perspective of two different standards and comparing their approaches. These standards is a currently valid European Standard EN 1992-1-1 (EC2) and standard according to US standards ACI 318-11. In this work were considered pillars in the second basement and on the first floor. Was also assessed locally supported slab above the 1st floor and staircase connects the individual floors. All the completed elements were assessed according to the 1st ultimate limit state.

M.Ed.
This study looked at the experiences of School Counsellors while using sand tray techniques to assist learners with emotional and behavioural problems. A phenomenological design with a social constructivist perspective was used to conduct this study. A qualitative approach was used and aimed to look at 12 school counsellors (the study participants) experiences when using sand tray techniques with 37 primary school learners between the ages of 6 and 14 years, who have emotional and behavioural problems in the northern suburbs of Johannesburg. The data was collected by means of individual interviews, a focus group interview and observations. The study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase the school counsellors experience was collected, recorded and analysed. In the second phase the data from phase one was used to design a manual for school counsellors using sand tray techniques to assist learners who have emotional and behavioural problems. Content analysis was used in order to collect data which was sorted into codes, categories and themes, which developed a description of the experience of school counsellors. The themes that emerged were the school counsellors' personal experience, the school counsellors' experience with the learners, the sand and sand trays, sand tray symbols, administrative aspects, and diversity of learners' problems, therapeutic approaches, symbols, cultural orientations, socio economic status, language barriers and the stages of the sand tray process. The finding indicated that future school counsellors would benefit from a manual to assist them when using sand tray techniques with learners who have emotional and behavioural problems. As such a manual was designed based on the findings of the study

碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
特殊教育學系在職進修碩士班
96
The purposes of this study were to explore how the Senior Emotional and Behavioral Problems Intervention Teachers from Taipei City Students with Special Needs Emotional and Behavioral Problems Intervention Team help the school systems refer their clients to build positive behavioral support system, and to explore the perspective and roles supporting their ways of doing things. This study adopted qualitative research methods. Research objects were three senior Emotional and Behavioral Problems Intervention Teachers. Through a long period of participative observation, in-depth interviewing, review of archival data and research notes, the researcher arranges, analyzes, and generalizes the information. According to the research goal and methods, there were some conclusions of this research: Senior Emotional and Behavioral Problems Intervention Teachers adopt the helical circular model to proceed assessment and planning, receive consensus and afford assistance. They have keep the attitudes of assessment all the time, and they make a total plan of intervention strategies, strategical administration and adjustment in advance. After communicating and negotiating with the members of the special education team in school, they receive consensus. According to the consensus, they afford assistance afterward. The assistance includes the school team’s integration and division, integrating related professional teams, proceeding environment adjustment, increasing professional competencies, providing parental education, providing important related people’s emotional concern, striving for administrative supports, assisting transition, providing follow-up consultation, and so on. Senior Emotional and Behavioral Problems Intervention Teachers adopt their perspective based on the experiences to form the helical circular model . They assume themselves to be restricted practitioners. They adopt the way of team project cooperation either inside or outside of the team. They treat the problems with system views, intervene with the most efficient ways after assessment, and avoid frustration by taking action obtrusively. Senior Emotional and Behavioral Problems Intervention Teachers think their core characters were advocators of the client’s rights and interests. Under the hypothesis, they played the roles of assessors, strategy providers, cooperative teaching partners, communicators, motivating rousers, resources linkage persons, emotional and cooperative supporters. They avoided playing the roles of authorities, agents, endorsements, or even being the scapegoats. They would work hard to maintain the role function by managing their character images, reducing their personal emotional influence to the lowest, continuing to reflect from their experience,and gaining self-empowerment. According to the research results, proceeding discussion and proposing relevant suggestions, this research could be a good reference to teacher training organizations, referrals, emotional and behavioral problems intervention teams, emotional and behavioral problems intervention teachers, educational administrations, and further researchers.

10 SUMMARY Proteins represent one of the basic building blocks of all organisms. To understand their function at the molecular level is one the critical goals of current biological, biochemical and biophysical research. It is important to characterise all aspects that affect the localisation of proteins into different compartments with specific functions, the dynamic structure of proteins and their role in multiprotein assemblies, because altering these properties can lead to various diseases. Most of the proteomic studies are nowadays performed using biochemical approaches that allow us to study multicellular organism or tissue at once. The disadvantage of these methods is complex preparation of sample and the need for a large number of cells, which leads to the loss of information at the molecular level and in individual cells. On the contrary, microscopy can provide rather detailed information about proteins of interest and at the level of a single cell. A variety of fluorescence microscopy methods in combination with recombinant DNA techniques were applied to elucidate subcellular localisation of transmembrane adaptor proteins (TRAPs) in human lymphocytes and their nanoscopic organisation at the plasma membrane. Linker of activation of T lymphocytes (LAT), phosphoprotein associated with...

During the last fifteen years, several studies on the research topic of Individual Technology Acceptance have been developed, and several new models have been proposed. All these models aim to understand and define determinant contributions for the acceptance of technologies and what the drivers leading to successful adoption are. This dissertation’s main emphasis is to gain an understanding of individual acceptance of Computer-assisted Audit Tools and Techniques (CAATTs) in the context of Portuguese Statutory Auditors. Previous research in other countries, utilizing several and distinct research universes, has informed this work and the definition of the main objectives of the present research. This dissertation has as its main objectives: 1) understanding the tasks in which CAATTs are used; 2) to identify the adoption drivers of CAATTs; 3) to explore the current usage of CAATTs among statutory auditors and 4) to develop a CAATTs adoption model. To reach the objectives two studies were conducted: a qualitative study, supported by interviews to experts, and a quantitative study operationalized by a questionnaire to 110 Portuguese statutory auditors. This latter study was the cornerstone, which allowed testing the CAATTs acceptance model. This dissertation presents significant contributions impacting the various stakeholders: individual Statutory Auditors, Statutory Auditors Firms, The Portuguese Institute of Statutory Auditors, Software houses and higher education.
Nos últimos 15 anos, vários estudos de investigação foram desenvolvidos abordando a temática da aceitação individual de tecnologia, tendo sido apresentados novos modelos. Esses modelos têm como objetivo compreender e identificar os determinantes sobre a aceitação de tecnologias que levem a uma adoção bem-sucedida. A principal ênfase da tese é compreender a aceitação individual de “Tecnologias de Informação para Auditoria”, também designadas, em Português, por “Ferramentas Informáticas de Suporte à Auditoria” ou “Técnicas de Auditoria Assistidas por Computador” (CAATT), no contexto dos Revisores Oficiais de Contas em Portugal. Investigações anteriores realizadas em diferentes países, com distintos universos de investigação, inspiraram este trabalho na definição dos principais objetivos da presente pesquisa. A presente dissertação tem como principais objetivos compreender as tarefas em que as CAATT são utilizadas; identificar os fatores de adoção de CAATT; explorar o atual uso de CAATT entre Revisores Oficiais de Contas e desenvolver um modelo de adoção de CAATT. Para alcançar estes objetivos foram realizados dois estudos: um estudo qualitativo e exploratório, apoiado por entrevistas com peritos, e um estudo quantitativo operacionalizado através de um questionário a 110 Revisores Oficiais de Contas portugueses. Este estudo foi a pedra angular que permitiu testar o modelo de aceitação de CAATT. Esta dissertação apresenta contribuições significativas com impactos para os principais stakeholders: Revisores Oficiais de Contas, empresas, Ordem dos Revisores Oficiais de Contas, software houses e instituições de ensino superior.