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Kim, Joon-Hyeong. "Drivers of sustainable performances across the flight catering supply chain : from the corporate and supply chain level." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.654744.
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Building upon the exploratory study, this study conducted the main study in order to evaluate the drivers of corporate and supply chain level sustainable performances across the flight catering supply chain, by integrating eight drivers on the basis of corporate legitimacy theories and theoretical foundations underpinning SCM. The main study was conducted by adopting a semi-structured in-depth interview technique. 23 respondents from the companies (i.e. airlines, caterers, logistics companies and suppliers) producing 22 interviews were recruited through a snowball sampling. Then, the main study was analysed with the aid of NVivo. This research has identified corporate environmentally sustainable performances including reducing emissions, conserving natural resources, waste reduction & recycling and packaging. On the other hand, corporate socially sustainable perfom1ances have consisted of: people within the company and people outside the company. It has been found that 'partial influencers', 'external drivers' and 'firm led drivers' lead to corporate sustainable performances with some impacts associated with cost. Whilst firm led drivers have been the main driver, geography has placed some moderating impacts between some of the drivers and sustainable performances. In addition, supply chain level environmentally sustainable performances were concerned with greening the supply chain and product based green supply, whereas spreading socially responsible standards included implementing responsible practices, with human rights issues receiving attention to a lesser extent. The drivers of supply chain level sustainable performances were concerned with: 'supply chain dynamics', 'external factors' and 'cost'. Importantly, cost has been identified not only as a driver but also as a hindrance to both corporate and supply chain level sustainable performances. Building upon empirical findings, this research has made major contributions to understanding the drivers of sustainable performances in three ways: at the corporate and the supply chain level, and effect of cost along the supply chain.
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HERMANSSON, AXEL, and MÖLLER PETER SYLVÉN. "Digitalization of Supply Chains : A case study of value adds by digitalizing the supply chain." Thesis, KTH, Industriell Management, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189757.
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Technology has been developing over the last decades and the phenomenon of digitalization is becoming a reality for all industries. For supply chain managers, it is becoming a necessity to use the new technology to create interoperable systems that can increase responsiveness, transparency and cost efficiency of their supply chains, in order to meet the more demanding customer expectations and business environments. Changing business environments force companies to enter new markets where margins might be lower, which requires more cost efficient supply chains. Company X, the commissioning company for this research is an example of a company struggling with this. They are starting to develop Information and Communication Technology (ICT) products, which have lower margins than previous products. Company X, who is about to start the journey of digitalizing their supply chains, would therefore benefit from knowing what value adds that digitalization can bring. There is currently a gap within the field of supply chain management regarding evaluation of digitalization projects. Therefore, this study investigates the main drivers, factors that enable changes and affect value adds, of digitalization of supply chains, the changes these drivers result in and the value adds of these. The study also contributes with a framework for future evaluation of digitalization projects.The study was conducted with case studies at three companies, which are all comparable to Company X in both size and business. The investigated companies are all global producers of ICT-products who have conducted a digitalization of their supply chains.The main finding of this study is that the overall driver for digitalization according to the case companies is Standardization and Simplification, and all case companies state that this is the main goal for digitalizing the supply chain. Furthermore, automatization from tender to invoice is one of the major changes that standardization and simplification of the Supply Chain Information Technology (SCIT) enables. This improves the information flow between all silos within the supply chain and also helps increase order reliability, responsiveness and scalability as well as improve integration and collaboration with partners and suppliers, and it increases the overall process and cost efficiency. This all helps to increase the customer experience and satisfaction, which is stated as the major value add from digitalization of the supply chain according to the case companies.
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Gravier, Michael J. Farris Martin T. "Supply chain network evolution demand-based drivers of interfirm governance evolution /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3972.
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Lin, Canchu. "Exploring Big Data Capability: Drivers and Impact on Supply Chain Performance." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1460732261.
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Gravier, Michael J. "Supply Chain Network Evolution: Demand-based Drivers of Interfirm Governance Evolution." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3972/.
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Which form of exchange governance performs better in a dynamic environment? This remains an unanswered question in the transaction cost analysis (TCA) and relational exchange literatures. Some researchers purport that transactional governance provides superior performance by providing firms the flexibility to change suppliers. Others suggest that relational governance leads to superior performance because of the willingness of both parties to adapt. Reviews of TCA have turned up ambivalent empirical findings with regard to the effects of uncertainty despite a track record of strong empirical support for other predictions. Because most of TCA and relational exchange theories' predictions enjoy strong support, this research builds upon these theories to propose a theoretical modeling framework for a dynamic environment in a supply chain network (SCN) setting. This dissertation extends TCA and relational exchange to a dynamic, network environment. It uses the approach of building a simulation in order to study in detail the relationship between key exchange factors and the selection of transactional and relational exchange governance over time. This research effort extended TCA theory with a complex adaptive model of supply chain network governance evolution that attempts to link environmental, network, production, firm and exchange factors in a continuously evolving loop. The proposed framework expands transaction cost analysis' explanatory power. Results partially support past scholarly proposal that uncertainty functions as an antecedent of asset specificity rather than as an independent construct affecting governance outcome dependent upon which form of uncertainty is being considered. The successful simulation of supply chain networks as complex adaptive systems shift the focus from deterministic, confirmatory models of exchange to an exploratory, positive model. Instead of exchange governance as an outcome, it is the catalyst of the evolutionary process.
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Wu, Gang Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "The impact of inter-company network technology on correlations between supply chain drivers and performance measures." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43645.
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This research aims to examine how, and to what extent, the advanced network technology such as custom-built large-scale network, or internet-based technology contribute to the correlations between supply chain drivers and performance measures. The uniqueness of the research is to use network technology as a leverage factor, instead of merely one of the supply chain drivers, to analyse how it would impact on the correlations between supply chain drivers and performance measures. Through literature review, we identified the key drivers in supply chain and the key performance indicators as independent and dependent variables respectively for data analysis in the research. We consider the utilisation of network technology as a selection variable in the analysis. We also proposed a set of research questions and hypotheses resulting from the literature review. The subsequent data analyses attempted to find answers for these questions and test the validity of the hypotheses. This was achieved by a field survey for 1035 major Australian firms through a structured questionnaire. The response rate of the survey was 20.8%. All these data were analysed with statistical models such as reliability test, multi-collinearity test, MANOVA procedures, factor analysis, and multiple regression modelling to validate whether the survey was robust and how the leverage factor (network technology) would impact on the correlations between supply chain drivers and performance measures. Each research question and hypothesis was reviewed, validated, and concluded based on the results from data analysis. The key findings from the data analysis support the perception that the network technologies with their external customers and suppliers dramatically affect the correlations between supply chain drivers and performance measures. Statistically it actually determines whether the supply chain will success or fail when comparing firms using the technologies with firms not using them. In general, the impact on the correlations is directional and positive. A set of validated theoretical models was also proposed to depict the dynamics between supply chain variables under the influence of network technology. Implications of the findings are also provided in the thesis.
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De, Naray Margo (Margo Taylor). "Fulfillment supply chain strategy evaluation : understanding cost drivers through comprehensive logistics modeling." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59155.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division; in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2010."June 2010." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 58).
The fulfillment supply chain consists of all activities associated with packing, storing, and transporting a product from the manufacturer to the customer. In the global environment, it is a challenge to accurately measure the impact of a given strategy on logistics costs quickly and efficiently. While much focus has been given to supply chain strategy as a whole, less has been applied to specific implications of packaging fulfillment decisions. The goal of this research is to analyze the cost impact on the global fulfillment supply chain for given packaging strategies. Through the development of a comprehensive logistics model, I attempt to identify cost drivers and sensitivities in the networks and recommend strategies to mitigate adverse impacts. Specifically, this research pertains to the fulfillment of notebook computers and associated accessories at Dell, Inc.; however, the insights can be generalized to any consumer product firm with a variety of products, serving customers in multiple regions of the world. The model development and implementation results indicate that the lowest cost strategy for Dell's current fulfillment supply chain consists of minimizing the system box contents at the factory and fulfilling additional accessories separately in the customer region. Inbound costs are the most significant factor in the total fulfillment logistics cost. Every effort should be made to reduce this cost by minimizing the weight of the system box shipped from the manufacturer. Additionally, it is evident that regional logistics costs in the three major customer markets for Dell: Americas, Europe-Middle East- Africa, and Asia-Pacific-Japan, are not uniformly affected by differences in packaging strategies. These differences are the result of specific cost bases and product demand profiles associated with the regions. Therefore, I recommend evaluating future fulfillment strategies with this model to understand the specific cost impact on individual regions on an ongoing basis.
by Margo de Naray
S.M.
M.B.A.
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Marculetiu, Alina. "Essays of Sustainable Supply Chain Management: An Analysis of Drivers and Barriers." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu162463879456093.
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Santomauro, Joanne DeFusco. "An Exploration of the Global Clinical Trial Ancillary Supply Chain and the Drivers of Success During the Pre, In, and Post Phases." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2019. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/569244.
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Business Administration/InterdisciplinaryD.B.A.
Until recently, academic and practitioner research on clinical trial supply chains focused on identifying innovative models and solutions in providing comparator and study drugs to global clinical sites. Due to the expansion of outsourcing efforts by pharmaceutical organizations, newly enacted global laws and regulations, and the continued push to increase the speed at which new drugs gain market approval, a new and extremely complex global “ancillary” supply chain has emerged. This manuscript focuses on the clinical trial ancillary supply chain: a supply chain that develops the end-to-end process resulting in the distribution and quality management of medical products and devices, consumable supplies, and patient giveaways to global clinical trial sites. Based on a series of quantitative analyses, this research assesses the influence of the customer, country, and product on the overall success of the supply chain. Three factors emerged from these analyses as having a direct influence on the clinical trial ancillary supply chain; product characteristics, magnitude (components of size), and stability (components of changes in scope). Part II of this research sought to understand the success of the supply chain by evaluating the moderating effects of knowledge management, organizational culture, therapeutic area, and type of shipment. Assessments of 444 customer and server surveys yielded components of a sense of shared culture, shared communication and transparency, and feeling educated and supported. Quantitative data analysis supported that these components had a moderating influence on success during the pre-trial phase of the supply chain. These research findings provide insight into the internal and external drivers of success within the complex and emergent clinical trial supply chain – a supply chain that helps pharmaceutical organizations bring innovative therapies to market and most important, those patients in need of such therapies to improve or even save their lives.
Temple University--Theses
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Essila, Mvogo Jean Clement. "Identification of Supply Chain Cost Drivers in Primary Care in the United States." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10688299.
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Over the last decade, healthcare supply chain (SC) costs have increased by 40 percent in the United States. A typical hospital’s SC costs account for 38 percent of the total, compared to less than 10 percent for most industries. Supply chain costs are the healthcare organizations’ second biggest expense. Healthcare centers are, therefore, becoming supply chain-sensitive organizations, leading to inefficiency and limited access to quality patient healthcare. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that healthcare SC cost drivers are almost unknown, which makes the work of healthcare SC managers more difficult. This study focuses on uncovering SC cost drivers and provides appropriate cost-reduction strategies tailored to confront each identified driver. Primary data were collected from health centers and secondary data was collected from databases such as Health Care Cost Institute (HCCI), Data Resources Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality, National Health Expenditure Data, and Centers for Medicare & Medicaid. The study looked at the attributes that explain the most variation in each contributing factor. A multiple regression was developed to predict the costs along with F tests and Student t-tests to determine the model goodness-of-fit and each factor’s contribution significance. The results of the study might lead to improved efficiency in healthcare organizations and increased access to quality healthcare for the population.
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Zhao, Yiqing. "Green supply chain management drivers/pressures, practices and performance in Chinese construction industry." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2016. http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/702716/.
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With the requirements of regulatory bodies, customers and business partners, Chinese construction sector have been driven to imitate and implement green Supply Chain Management (SCM) for their companies, to gain economic benefits and to become sustainable. This research aims to investigate and identify green SCM practices that can potentially help improve environmental and economic performance of organisations in Chinese construction sector, leading to improved sustainability. With data collected from 103 companies in Chinese construction industry, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted to derive groupings of green SCM pressures/ drivers, practices and performance. Analysis of variance and t-tests were introduced to assess the variations in green SCM pressures/drivers, practices and performance for different sized enterprises and different industry sectors. Using regression analysis, relationships between green SCM pressures/ drivers, practices and performance were examined. To gain in depth insight into the causal relationship among factors obtained from the empirical studies, two case studies were conducted. This research also explored and identified gaps existing between green SCM in Chinese construction industry and British construction industry through benchmarking exercise. The main findings from the empirical studies result reveal that: 1) Regulations and internal factors are considered as important green SCM drivers and pressures. Medium and large sized Chinese companies face higher regulatory pressures than small firms. 2) Case studies confirm that green SCM is not a new concept in Chinese construction industry. Companies have begun to change their focus from improvement in one supply chain entity to the entire supply chain. 3) Chinese construction companies seem to be more matured in their adoption of green procurement practices than companies in building material sector. 4) There is not any significant relationship between green SCM practices and performance since most of the enterprises just initiate implementing green SCM practices. Medium and large sized companies in Chinese construction industry have better economic performance than small sized companies. The results from the benchmarking exercise against British construction sector reveal that: 5) Green SCM implementation in British construction sector is more comprehensive and effective because customers and suppliers in Britain have more proactive involvement in adopting green SCM practices.
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Odehammar, Max, and Ahn Thai Bui. "Supply Chain Integration in the Swedish Wooden House industry." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40442.
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Supply Chain Integration (SCI) has been found by previous research to be correlated withincreased business performance. However, the rate of implementation of the concept isdependent on the industry, implying that this is determined by industry-specific factors. Thepurpose of this study was therefore to investigate how the Swedish wooden house industryapproaches SCI, and thereby identify industry-specific factors that influence integration. Toaccomplish this, an exploratory multiple case study was conducted, in which Swedish woodenhouse manufacturers and associated actors were interviewed. The study confirmed that thewooden house industry is affected by factors limiting SCI implementation, and that companiesin the industry are not integrated to any significant degree. Further, two industry-specificfactors were discovered to be inhibiting integration. First, the degree of product customizationgranted to customers by house manufacturers determines how much control over procurementdecisions is retained, and thereby potential for integration with suppliers. Customer orientationwas found to inhibit SCI in the wooden house industry due to its effect on productcustomization, in spite of previous literature classifying it as a driver. Secondly, thefragmentation of the contractor market was found to force house manufacturers to deal with amultitude of small actors to perform the on-site construction function, limiting investments inrelationships for any one given actor. The study also found that levels of internal integrationwas generally not at a level at which the benefits of SCI can be fully realized.
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Mullan, Matthew Noel. "Understanding cost drivers within an aerospace manufacturing supply chain for fibre reinforced plastic structures." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602691.
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Increasingly stringent emission targets has encouraged prime airframe assemblers to reduce aircraft weight, in doing so reducing CO2 emissions associated with fuel burn. All three major aircraft manufacturers have chosen to achieve this by incorporating greater proportions of advanced composite material within aircraft structural design. This research presents the development of a novel approach to simultaneously model continuous and discontinuous production processes, enabling new understanding of composite material production cost drivers within an aerospace manufacturing supply chain. The sources of composite component cost drivers are traced through a complex manufacturing supply chain to understand specific driver impact. A hybrid mass and energy balance methodology is presented to simulate composite material production processes within a framework using physics inputs. Verification of the simulation results has been demonstrated through comparison with real aerospace material pricing. A production cost mark-up factor has been identified. as the greatest contributor toward material price, owing to its recurring manifestation at each tier interface. Dominant production costs at discrete supply chain tiers have been shown to develop from raw process materials, through energy dominant production techniques, finally resulting in large labour commitments for material handling and equipment preservation. The methodology investigates two non-deterministic aspects of production simulation; cost drivers changing with time and production processes changing with technology. This research has identified the cost drivers associated with composite component production are resultant from a multi-tier production supply chain, introducing non-value added costs at each ~tier interface. Through an analytical modelling method, the understanding of material production costs is encouraged, which may prompt a shift in composite material procurement strategies. The model has demonstrated that with ever increasing material production costs, product ion technology can provide a quantifiable reduction in component weight and composite material cost.
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Yang, Ma Ga. "Developing a Focal Firm’s Sustainable Supply Chain Framework: Drivers, Orientation, Practices and Performance Outcomes." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1356543598.
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Xinyi, Zhou, and Ferhan Borasan. "Drivers, Barriers and Implementation of Social Sustainable in Supply chain : A qualitative study of SMEs." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-126924.
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The Social dimension of Sustainability and SCM (supply chain management) are two concepts that have been discussed over the last decade. Nowadays, the increasing integration of social sustainability into SCM becomes an evolving area. The main purpose of this master thesis is to gain better understanding of what are the drivers and barriers for implementing social sustainability inthesupply chainin the context of SMEs. In order to get a deep understanding of how these practices are implemented, we proposed asecondresearch questionto understand the efforts that companieshave made on implementing social sustainability and how far are their implementations of different social sustainability practices.The study involves four different organizations with operations in three different countries, respectively: Romania, Sudan and Namibia. As for the choice of theories for this thesis, we have chosen relevant concepts, such as Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM), Social Sustainability, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), and thestakeholder theory.After systematically review of current literature in social sustainabilitysupply chain management, we discoveredthat there is a gap in research sincethere are limited studies concerning thedrivers and barriers for the adoption of social dimension inSSCM,and also how social sustainability managerial practices are actually implemented in SMEs.In order to fulfil the purpose of the thesis, a qualitative method study has been conducted. By using a qualitative research method, we aim to get comprehensive information related to the perceptions of different organizational employees, such as CEO(chief executive officer), supply chain managers, legal advisers, or executive directors. Through the semi-structured interviews, we gained a deeper understanding of the drivers and barriers that organizations face when trying to implement social sustainability in the supply chain. Our interview guide was divided into four major themes, respectively: Social Sustainability in Supply Chain Management, Stakeholders, Drivers and Barriers, and Implementation.The findings of the study revealed that there are numerous motivators for and barriers to social SSCM implementation. Stakeholders such as customers, community and NGOs were reported by respondents as driving forces for the integration of social sustainabilitypractices in their companies. We also found that government influence is a strong driver for improving socialsustainable practices for companies. The government can also use tools such as market incentives (e.g. grants and incentives) or direct regulations to strengthen SSCM adoption. However, the lack of regulation may reduce the pace of social SSCM adoption. We believe that building health and sustainable relations with all kinds of internal and external stakeholders is important when implementing social sustainable in supply chainin SMEs.
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Yunus, Erlinda Nusron. "Drivers of Supply Chain Integration and the Role of Organizational Culture: Empirical Evidence from Indonesia." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/525.
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The increasing emphasis on integration among members of a supply chain has led to new mechanisms to help firms coordinate the flow of products, services, and information through the supply chain. Many studies support the importance and influence of supply chain integration on firm performance but only a few focus on factors driving the integration practices. Moreover, the role of organizational contextual factors that could influence supply chain integration has been largely overlooked. This research examines firms' internal and external drivers of supply chain integration, as well as evaluates the impact of the integration on firm performance. This study further investigates the moderating role of organizational culture, based on the dimensions of control-flexibility orientation and internal-external focus, in strengthening or weakening the relationships between supply chain integration and its antecedents. For the purpose of this study, manufacturing firms were identified as the focal firms in supply chains, and thus data was collected through a survey of 223 Indonesian-based manufacturing firms. Two informants from each firm became the respondents. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data, and this study confirmed the positive relationships between supply chain integration and firm performance. The results also indicated that internal driver, or specifically firms' customer orientation, triggered the initiation of supply chain integration. Other factors, such as demand uncertainty, supply uncertainty, technology uncertainty, as well as firms' anticipation of benefits, were not significantly related to the degree of supply chain integration. Furthermore, focal firms with external focus were pursuing a higher degree of supply chain integration than those with internal focus. By investigating the linkages between internal and external drivers, supply chain integration, firm performance, and organizational culture, this study attempts to contribute to the Operations Management discipline, especially to the area of supply chain management. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
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Kroes, James Raymond. "Outsourcing of supply chain processes: evaluating the impact of congruence between outsourcing drivers and competitive priorities on performance." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16146.
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The outsourcing of elements of supply chain processes is now an integral component of the operationalization of a firm s competitive business strategy. While the purported goal of outsourcing is usually to derive a competitive advantage in the marketplace, it is not clear whether the outsourcing decisions made by firms are always strategically aligned with their overall competitive strategy. To shed light on this important issue, this research study empirically examines the performance impact of the alignment (congruence) between a firm s competitive priorities (cost, flexibility, innovativeness, quality, and time) and the drivers of its outsourcing decisions. First, we develop and validate a survey instrument used to collect data for this study from manufacturing firms operating in the United States. Next, we use structural equation modeling to examine the impact of alignment between individual competitive priorities and related groups of outsourcing drivers. This analysis finds a significant positive relationship between outsourcing alignment and performance for a number of competitive priorities. Finally, we use cluster analysis to develop a taxonomy of manufacturing strategies which are tested to determine the relationship between the alignment of outsourcing decisions and performance. The taxonomic investigation identifies three unique clusters of firms based on their competitive priorities and then determines alignment between each cluster strategy and outsourcing to be significantly associated with better performance. To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies in the literature that address the issue of strategic congruence between the outsourcing drivers and competitive priorities of a firm, and the impact of such congruence on firm performance.
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Alnuwairan, Mohammed. "Reverse logistics : an investigation into policies and practices in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/reverse-logistics-an-investigation-into-policies-and-practices-in-the-kingdom-of-saudi-arabia(827d9a99-4d1f-421b-a765-0f30c3034b4c).html.
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Reverse logistics has become a part of many governmental agendas in developed countries. It offers enormous opportunities in reducing the negative impact on the environment from industrialization and the enormous quantities of waste produced by industry and households, as well as saving material resources. The recovery of used products and materials is receiving growing attention as a result of limited landfill and incineration capacity. However, the evolution of reverse logistics initiatives in developing countries is relatively slow, indicating that there are still huge obstacles and concerns that need to be explored. The main aim of this study is to investigate the reverse logistics practices in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The key forces of reverse logistics in more developed countries are compared with those in the KSA context. In particular, the current legislative framework and reverse logistics operations are evaluated against best practices in order to identify opportunities for KSA industries to improve their reverse logistics operations. For this purpose, qualitative research using a case study approach has been designed to collect data from different government agencies and thirteen organizations in KSA. These organizations were drawn from the oil, petrochemical and metal processing industries, all of which provide potential for the closed loop supply chain applications which are widely practiced outside KSA. Secondary data collection, direct observation and semi-structured interviews were conducted in order to facilitate comparison with the literature. A conceptual framework was developed from the literature. A template analysis approach was employed to analyze the gathered data. The framework was then applied to the research context to establish an overall view of the reverse logistics process as well as the key forces that influence the implementation of reverse logistics in KSA. The results revealed that the implementation of reverse logistics in KSA is at an early stage, with the exception of the oil processing industry. Applications of reverse logistics appear to be driven mainly by economic factors and are highly dependent on the capability provided by third-party logistics service providers. Supply chains tend to operate as open loops with recycled/reusable products being supplied to secondary markets and/or locations outside KSA. Furthermore, the adoption of best practice is hindered by the country's logistics infrastructure and by local legislation that does not appear to encourage waste recovery or promote the awareness or control of the reverse logistics process. Both government and industry need to collaborate to implement best practice in reverse logistics in KSA. Economic and environmental benefits can be achieved, especially through improved infrastructure provision, legislation and reverse logistics design. This study makes several contributions to knowledge. First, the framework and strategies will make an important contribution to the literature of reverse logistics by identifying the key forces, represented in a force field analysis diagram; and to general reverse logistics operations in developing countries in general and in Saudi Arabia in particular. Secondly, the findings identify further studies for reverse logistics in KSA and, possibly, for other emerging countries with a similar context. Thirdly, this study is distinguished from existing empirical work on reverse logistics in developed countries as it examines the framework in the context of KSA, and may be applicable to other developing countries. Fourthly, the study motivates changes in practice as it provides recommendations and guidance for practitioners and leaders on how to apply the best practices of reverse logistics in different sectors.
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Le, Roux Charles Robert. "The extent and drivers of perishable food waste in the retail supply chain industry of South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/64863.
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Food waste is not only the waste of scares resources but also has a negative environmental and social impact. Food waste has a commercial impact on the supply chain, and therefore the management of food waste in the food supply chain is paramount for the sustainability and can become a competitive advantage in a highly competitive industry. The specific drivers of food waste in the supply chain vary drastically depending on the specific condition and situation.
The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of waste at the retail level within the supply chain of perishables and the relationship thereof with supply chain factors such as shortages, promotions and price, shelf life and seasonal demand and supply. An improved understanding of the extent of food waste and the effect that specific supply chain factors have on food waste can be used by supply chain managers to better manage the efficiencies in the supply chain to reduce food waste.
Quantitative research methods were used to test hypotheses related to the extent of food waste and its relationship with specific food waste drivers. Secondary data were collected from a specific retail group consisting of archived documents of sales, short deliveries, waste and loss of sales for a period of time for all the products in the fruit and vegetable range. Bivariate statistics, linear and multiple regression were applied to determine the relationship between shortages, promotions and price, shelf life, seasonal demand and supply, and food waste.
The study indicated the level of food waste in the retail level of the food supply chain in South Africa. It identified food waste drivers with strong relationships with food waste and used that information to build a predictive model for supply chain managers to use to reduce food waste. Retail organisations should make food waste a key performance indicator and use the predictive model to focus on specific drivers of food waste to facilitate improved waste management practice.
This study contributes towards supply chain management literature by showing that food waste management can contribute to the efficiencies of the supply chain and should be part of performance measures. Food waste management has a direct positive commercial impact on the organisations, improves food supply chain sustainability and food security as a whole.Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
za2018
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted
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Manchisi, Roy. "Sustainability in supply chain management practices in least developed countries: A case of SMEs in Zambian mining sector." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17363.
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The focus of this study is to explore the sustainability practices of SME suppliers as influenced by the stakeholders in the mining SC in Zambia. The study aims to provide the policymakers and senior managers of focal firms by developing a detailed framework that helps in examining the SME environment with regard to sustainability practices and formulate measures to increase their sustainability performance to decision making.
This qualitative research used 50 semi-structured interviews in addressing the research objective. Interviews undertaking with cross section of stakeholders and using content analysis, the findings revealed that SMEs engage in sustainable practices when working with mining firms but disengage when working with non-mining firms. The findings further revealed the mechanisms employed by SC members in extending sustainability practices to direct and indirect suppliers (mainly informal SMEs) from focal firms. In so doing, the findings highlighted the role of first-tier suppliers as a bridge between the focal firms and sub-suppliers in disseminating sustainability practices. Besides revealing the drivers and barriers to sustainability, the research revealed the mechanisms for mitigating the barriers in order to increase the volume of SME suppliers adopting sustainable practices.
This research has several contributions to both academia and practice. The main contribution to academia is a stakeholder framework, which provides a systematic mechanism of examining the sustainability phenomenon. Thus, presenting a theoretical approach for analysing and understanding sustainability practices of SMEs in a developing country context. The main contribution to practice is the production of tools that support practitioners to analyse and better comprehend the relationships in the SMEs sector and by identifying the key stakeholders that support the SMEs.Copperbelt University
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Ricketts, Philip M. "Modeling the "Make-or-Buy" Logistics Decision: An Empirical Analysis of the Logistic Decision Drivers for Suppliers and Manufacturers in Vendor Managed Inventory Relationships." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278404/.
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Managing the movement of components and products from suppliers to customers and ultimately to end-users is undergoing rapid changes. Supply chain management has increasingly gained attention as companies have sought to reduce costs and improve service performance in a quest for gaining an advantage on the competition.
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Kroes, James R. "Outsourcing of supply chain processes [electronic resource] : evaluating the impact of congruence between outsoursing drivers and competitive priorities on performance /." Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007, 2007. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-05152007-122941/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Management, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Soumen Ghosh, Committee Chair ; Lawrence James, Committee Member ; Vinod Singhal, Committee Member ; Ravi Subramanian, Committee Member ; Jeff Stratman, Committee Member.
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Nunes, Vanessa Andreia Castanheira. "Complexidade na cadeia de abastecimento – empresa ABC." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17385.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Ciências EmpresariaisNas últimas décadas, assistiu-se ao aumento da importância da cadeia de abastecimento na gestão global das empresas, e nos dias de hoje, uma cadeia de abastecimentos eficaz é um fator diferenciador, que permite criar mais valor aos produtos e/ou serviços e é crucial para o bom desempenho das empresas. As cadeias de abastecimento estão a crescer em complexidade. A origem deste crescimento de complexidade, está ligado a diversos fatores, entre os quais, a globalização, onde cada vez mais as unidades de produção e distribuição estão dispersas pelo mundo, produtos com ciclos de vida mais reduzidos, consumidores mais exigentes na procura dos produtos e a constante pressão para inovar como forma de entrar em novos mercados e canais de retalho. Face à importância e à atualidade do tema, este estudo através de uma revisão bibliográfica, identifica os vários fatores de complexidade na cadeia de abastecimento, analisa as consequências que a complexidade origina nas empresas e quais as estratégias e soluções que as empresas devem adotar para que consigam reduzir e/ou eliminar a complexidade. Posteriormente, é apresentada uma análise e descrição num contexto real de uma empresa, identificam-se quais os fatores que criam mais entropias na cadeia de abastecimento e são apresentadas várias propostas de melhoria.
In the last decades, the importance of the supply chain in the global management of companies has increased, and today an effective supply chain is a differentiating factor, which allows to create more value to the products and / or services and is crucial to the good performance of companies. Supply chains are growing in complexity. The origin of this growth in complexity is linked to a several of factors, including globalization, where more production and distribution units are dispersed throughout the world, products with shorter life cycles, more demanding consumers in the search for products and the constant pressure to innovate to enter new markets and retail channels. Given the importance and the current relevance of the topic, this study, through a literature review, identifies the various complexity factors in the supply chain, analyzes the consequences that complexity causes in companies, and what strategies and solutions companies should adopt to reduce and/or eliminate complexity. Subsequently, an analysis and description are presented in a real context of a company, the factors that create the most entropy in the supply chain are identified, and several proposals for improvement are presented.
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Jacobsson, Lisa, and Emma Uhrlander. "Mot hållbarhet och cirkuläritet i verksamheter: : En kvalitativ studie om implementering och utveckling av cirkulärekonomiska affärsmodeller i företag." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-24371.
Full textAbstract:
Denna studie behandlar dilemmat med ett konsumtionssamhälle som präglas av en linjär ekonomi och de negativa konsekvenserna det medför. Välstånd är i många fall starkt förknippat med en ekonomisk tillväxt vilket främjas av ett konsumtionssamhälle. Samtidigt kan inte ekonomin fortsätta växa i all framtid utan att miljön tar skada. För att lösa paradoxen behövs att företag är drivande i att ställa om till en cirkulär ekonomi. I en cirkulär ekonomi behålls resurserna i samhället i kretslopp istället för att förbrukas och bli till avfall. Genom att återanvända och återvinna produkter, material och resurser kan det ekonomiska värdet behållas. Ett tydligt problem är låg kunskap inom området, bristande affärsmodeller och att företag inte ser de ekonomiska fördelarna med en omställning till en cirkulär ekonomi. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur företag inom produktion och distributionssektorn kan utveckla och förbättra omställningen till en cirkulär ekonomi. Forskningen är baserad på en kvalitativ metod. Den litteraturöversikt som har använts i studien är baserat på litteratur inom cirkulär ekonomi och Green Supply Chain Management. Insamling av data till den empiriska undersökningen har utförts genom djupgående intervjuer tillsammans med försäljningschefer och vice direktörer på tre företag. Vidare ha insamlad data transkriberats och analyserats med hjälp av en tematisk analys. Studiens relevans har bekräftats av resultatet. Den empiriska studien styrker behovet av tydliga direktiv och riktlinjer för att utveckla och underlätta omställningen mot en cirkulär ekonomi och GSCM. Något som respondenter från de utvalda företagen anser vara nödvändigt för att utveckla och upprätthålla höga hållbarhetsstandarder som genomsyrar hela värdekedjan. Företag inom produktion- och distributionssektorn kan förbättra omställningsprocessen genom att bryta ned processen i mindre faser. Genom att analysera implementeringsprocessen utifrån fyra identifierade faser; drivkrafter, hinder, implementeringsmetoder och resultat, underlättas omställningen. Vilket även skapar förutsättningar för kontinuerlig utveckling och förbättring av cirkulärekonmiska modeller och gröna leveranskedjor. Denna studie kan ligga till grund för vidare forskning och utveckling av tydliga direktiv och riktlinjer för implementering och vidareutveckling av cirkulär ekonomi och GSCM. Identifierade implementeringsfaser såsom drivkrafter, hinder, implementeringsmetoder samt resultat kan nyttjas för att undersöka vidareutveckling av omställningsprocessen mot cirkulär ekonomi och GSCM som en del i affärsmodellen. Denna forskning har fokuserats till ett internt perspektiv på cirkulär ekonomi och GSCM, således skulle ett annat förslag till vidare forskning kunna vara inriktad på ämnesområdet sett ur ett externt perspektiv.This thesis addresses the issue with a consumer society characterized by a linear economy and the negative consequences it entails. In many cases, prosperity is strongly associated to economic growth based on a consumer society. Simultaneously, the economy cannot continue to grow in eternity without harming the environment. In order to solve the paradox, corporations need to be driven in changing to a circular economy. In a circular economy all resources are kept in circulation instead of being consumed and turned into waste. By reusing products, materials and resources the economic value can be maintained. A problem is lack of knowledge in the area, inadequate business models and the fact that corporations do not see the economic benefits of switching to a circular economy. Thus, the purpose with this study is to investigate how corporations within the producing and distributing sector can develop and identify possibilities to improve the transition to a circular economy. This thesis is based on a qualitative method. The literature overview is based on literature in in circular economy and Green Supply Chain Management. Collection of data for the empirical investigation has been collected through in depth interviews together with sales directors and CEOs at three corporations. Further, the collected data has been transcribed and analyzed through a thematic analysis. The relevance of the study has been confirmed by the results. The empirical study clarifies the need demand of distinct directives and guidelines for development and to facilitate the transition towards a circular economy and GSCM. Which is an opinion shared by all respondents who each and every one considers necessary in order to develop and maintain high sustainability standards that permeate the entire value chain. Corporations within the production and distribution sector can improve the conversion process through a break-down-procedure. Through analysis of the implementation process by four smaller phases; drivers, barriers, implementation methods and performances, the transition will be facilitated. Which also enables continuous development and improvements of circular economy models and green supply chains. This study can form the base for future research and development of distinct directives and guidelines for the implementation process and further evolutions of circular economy and GSCM. Identified implementation phases such as drivers, barriers, implementation methods and performance can be used to study further development of the conversion process towards circular economy and GSCM as a part of the business model. An internal perspective on circular economics and GSCM has been the focus for this study, thus proposal for future research could be focused to the subject from an external perspective.
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Nunes, Daniela Maria. "O desperdício alimentar nos agregados familiares." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20661.
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Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia IndustrialO tema de desperdício alimentar está ainda longe de ser suficientemente discutido. É um problema global que tem vindo a ganhar proporções preocupantes e que merece um atenção redobrada ao longo de toda a cadeia de valor. Apesar da consciência cada vez maior para uma vertente menos consumista e mais atenta ao desperdício, a verdade é que um terço da produção é desperdiçada ao longo da cadeia de aprovisionamento e a maior fatia é verificada no consumidor final, com 53% da "culpa". Por isso mesmo, decidiu-se investigar, através de uma análise qualitativa, os hábitos e rotinas dos agregados familiares, com o objetivo de encontrar possíveis causas que justificassem o desperdício nas suas casas. Os resultados apresentados no presente estudo foram conseguidos através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, com questões às rotinas e costumes dos entrevistados e respetivos agregados familiares. Foram ainda colocadas questões de reflexão sobre o tema, de forma a perceber as causas de desperdício e ações de combate ao mesmo.
Food waste issue is still far from being discussed. It is a global problem that has come to gain worrying proportions and deserves extra attention throughout the entire value chain. Despite the growing awareness of a less consumerist and more attentive to waste, the truth is that one third of production is wasted along the supply chain and the largest share is verified in the final consumer, with 53% of "fault" . For this reason, it was decided to investigate, through a qualitative analysis, the habits and routines of households, with the aim of finding possible ways that justified waste in their homes. The results disclosed in the present study were achieved through semi-structured changes, with questions to the routines and customs of the interviewees and their respective households. There are also questions for reflection on the theme, in a defined way as causes of waste and actions to combat it.
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Schonebeck, Lina, and Theresa Pöllinger. "Stakeholder Management as a Tool for the Implementation of Sustainable Supply Chains in SMEs in the German Food Industry." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21358.
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The food industry represents one of the most promising business sectors for sustainable development comprising numerous environmental, social and economic challenges. The industry is fragmented into a multitude of organizations with particular supply chains based within a complex multi-stakeholder environment. Therefore, the organizational goal of creating a sustainable supply chain is experiencing increased attention within research. Even though previous literature has assessed the diverse drivers and barriers impacting sustainable supply chain management (SSCM), the theory of stakeholder management for SSCM has so far barely been recognized. This paper aims to fill this research gap and establishes the connection between the concepts of stakeholder management and SSCM taking into consideration the implicated drivers and barriers. The assessment of prominent drivers and barriers as well as crucial stakeholder groups functions as a basis for the evaluation of possible stakeholder strategies suitable for SSCM. This research study is situated in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the German food industry. By conducting 13 semi-structured interviews with supply chain representatives this study follows a qualitative research approach. The data analysis reveals that SMEs in the German food industry face numerous obstacles in their attempt to implement sustainability within the supply chain. Moreover, it is apparent that current stakeholder strategies are insufficient in the context of supply chain sustainability. A closer network beyond business is considered the most effective strategic objective for the engagement with crucial stakeholder groups in order to enhance the drivers and reduce the impact of existing barriers. Consequently, this thesis provides a theoretical contribution by developing a deeper understanding of stakeholder management as a tool for increasing supply chain sustainability and further advances existing theory with the formation of a new analytical framework as well as the recognition of a novel stakeholder strategy.
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Brito, Eliane Pereira Zamith. "Cost drivers in grocery supply chains." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.631236.
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The aim of this research project was to identify ways of reducing the costs of the distribution of grocery products to the poor in Brazil. Through the analysis of the cost structure of grocery supply chains from the raw material stage to the consumer purchase through the manufacturer and distributors, the most relevant factors driven their total cost were recognised and then compared. Supply chains of UK and Brazil were the focus of the analysis. The British products whose cost structure were analysed had their intrinsic quality also evaluated by a consumer test that gave not only the respondent's preference for an individual product but also the utility of competing brands at different price levels, thus indicating the consumer's willingness to switch from one product to the other at the actual price level of the tested options. The analysis of the cost structures in UK showed that the major source of variation in consumer price to be the internal cost structure of manufacturers. The essential costs to produce products competing in the same product categories varied far less than the variance in the manufacturer's transfer price to the retailer. Other costs such as advertising, overhead and the profit for leading brand manufacturers were much higher than for own label manufacturers. The cost added by retailer to leading brand and to own label differed but 0\\10 label products were often the most profitable for the retailer. Complementary, the consumer test results demonstrated that consumers do not always get better value for money by buying branded products and that buying decision based only on the intrinsic product quality would favoured the cheap own label rather than the leading brands. The product quality of own label associated with its price advantage are enough to consumer switch branded to own label. The cost structure analysis of the Brazilian supply chains found similar results of those of the UK. That is the difference in consumer price for competing brands is not justified by differences in the essential costs to manufacture and delivery them, but by the advertising, overhead and profit of supply chain members. Taxes was another very important 'cost', representing in Brazil a large proportion of the consumer price. In some cases taxes were the largest layer in the cost structure. This research concluded that the consumer is paying a premium for leading brand that relies exclusively on brand image for value for money. The manufacturers' brand equity is based too often on marketing initiatives that, rationally, do not add value to the product, only cost. This research findings are very significant to the supply chain management theory. Interface costs were demonstrated to be relevant to the total cost of the supply chain, but when compared with the magnitude of the total cost variation between supply chains, it became clear that there are other costs that could be cut to produce more significant cost reductions and then be the major focus of this branch of the management knowledge. More generally, supply chain management as a subject area is clearly too narrow its scope, one to often limited to the study of interface costs in the supply chain rather than the broader issues identified in this thesis.
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Křížek, Martin. "Stanovení hodnoty společnosti PHOENIX lékárenský velkoobchod, a.s." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193302.
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The main goal of this master's thesis is to estimate a value of company PHOENIX lékárenský velkoobchod a.s. the largest pharmaceutical distributor in the Czech Republic as of 31st January of 2014. Information regarding the value of the company is utilized by the management of the company. First part of this thesis serves as theoretical summary of used analytical technics. The second and the most important part of this thesis focuses on estimation of the value of the company, to analyse its position on the czech market, to analyze its financial health and to prepare actual financial plan. The primary method used for evaluation of the company is free cash flow to the firm. In order to present suitable comparison, Economic Value Added method is used as well.
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Worawattananon, Prakit. "Customer service driven supply chain segmentation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45247.
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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-70).
The objective of this thesis is to develop a supply chain segmentation model for Company X, which is in the chemical and construction materials industry. The company sells products in an expanding Southeast Asia market. At the same time, it innovates and launches new products to these markets. A major issue for the company to consider is services offered to its customers. The company has to address customer needs, analyze them, and design the products and services that will fulfill those selective demands. This thesis leverages this concern for the company by developing a model to segment the company's supply chain based upon customer services. Company Y, a subsidiary company of Company X, is selected to be a case study for the model developed in this thesis. Quantitatively, the thesis examines collected data such as customer including portions of revenue and margin from each customer; and a customer's profile potential from the size of the firm. Qualitatively, the data and information collected from interviewing relevant people, such as sales and marketing personnel, is used to characterize the company's future customer prospects. Furthermore, some selected current practices in the industry will be reviewed and benchmarked for formulating the model.
by Prakit Worawattananon.
M.Eng.in Logistics
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Liu, Xingchu. "Supply chain contract design in supplier- versus buyer-driven channels." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3964.
Full textAbstract:
In the context of supply contract design, the more powerful party has the lib-
erty of withholding private information which also improves its bargaining power.
Traditionally, the supplier (e.g., manufacturer) has been more powerful, and, hence,
the existing literature in the area emphasizes supplier-driven contracts. However, in
some current markets, such as the grocery channel, the bargaining power has shifted
to the buyer (e.g., retailer). For example, in the United States, large retailers, such
as Wal-Mart, exert tremendous market power over their suppliers. Also, with the
advent of the Internet, buyers have gained access to much more information about
multiple potential suppliers. Hence, this dissertation takes into account the recent
trends in power shifting between suppliers and buyers, and it attempts to provide a
comparison of optimal supply contract designs in supplier- versus buyer-driven chan-
nels. This research is unique in that we explore the impact of both power shifting
and information asymmetry while designing optimal supply chain contracts under
supply uncertainty and competition. Placing an emphasis on the cases of stochastic
and/or price-sensitive demand, we work on several novel problems in stochastic mod-
eling, nonlinear and dynamic optimization, and game theory. Hence, this research
has roots in applied probability, optimization, inventory theory, game theory, and eco-
nomics. The goal is to advance our practical knowledge of designing implementable
contracts because such knowledge is crucial for optimizing supply chain performance in the real world. This dissertation provides insights about
* the individual and joint impacts of the power structure and information asym-
metry on supply chain performance,
* the value of information for contract design in supplier- versus buyer-driven
channels,
* the impact of supply uncertainty and supplier competition on contract design
in supplier- versus buyer-driven channels.
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Dal, Ahu, Benjamin Hubert, and Hilmi Ocakci. "B2B E-commerce Implementation : A case study of Star Laundry Solutions." Thesis, Linnaeus University, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-6435.
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This thesis investigates the way to implement a valuable e-commerce solution. With the growing importance of information technologies in business practices, more and more companies are adopting e-commerce as a selling and ordering process. However, depending on the market environment, the level of success of the implementation may differ. The purpose of this study is therefore to examine what are the conditions required for a successful B2B e-commerce implementation in different market contexts.
Theories related to the impact of markets' contexts on e-commerce, the business process, and the drivers and enablers of e-commerce have been considered. Thereafter the current situation of Star Laundry Solutions (SLS) has been studied. The context of different markets – France, United Kingdom, Turkey - where they have dealers, the business process drivers of implementations and success factors of a valuable e-commerce solution have been investigated. The result of the empirical studied are analyzed in comparison with the theoretical findings. Through this method, the main research question of the thesis, namely “What are the necessary conditions to implement a value-adding e-commerce solution in different market contexts?” can be answered.
Several conditions have been identified in order to succeed the implementation and bring value to the different players along the supply chain, from the manufacturer to the end-customer. The market should first answer different criteria. Further, future users of the web solution must support the implementation, trust between parties must also emerge from the implementation, and additional information must be provided on the website such as product numbers (PNCs), products' availability and delivery times.
The provided recommendations of this thesis regarding the features of the web solution, the range of products that dealers and importers should be able to order online and the range of companies that should be allowed to use the web solution in Turkey.
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Romero, Gonzalo (Gonzalo Ignacio Romero Yáñez). "Optimization driven approaches for subsidy allocation and supply chain procurement." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/108210.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 179-184).
This thesis introduces several new models in operations management, that are motivated by practical settings. It studies these models in an optimization-driven approach, employing mathematical programming techniques to derive important structural and algorithmic insights on the corresponding problems. In the first part of the thesis, we study subsidy allocation problems under budget constraints and endogenous market response, where the central planner's objective is to maximize the market consumption of a good. We first consider co-payment subsidies, that are paid to manufacturing firms per unit sold. We focus on "uniform co-payments", in which each firm receives the same co-payment, regardless of its cost structure, or efficiency. Uniform co-payments are frequently implemented in practice. Therefore, a natural question is whether uniform co-payments are in fact the best that the central planner can do; or, more generally, how do they perform compared to the optimal co-payment allocation? Notably, we first identify relatively general sufficient conditions such that uniform co-payments are optimal, even if the firms are heterogeneous, and if the central planner is uncertain about the market response. We then complement the effectiveness of uniform co-payments, by studying a very relevant setting where they are not optimal. We show that, for any instance of this model, uniform co-payments are guaranteed to induce at least 85% of the optimal market consumption. In summary, uniform co-payments turn out to be surprisingly powerful in maximizing the market consumption of a good. We then consider lump sum subsides, which are an alternative subsidy mechanism also implemented in practice. We show that the problem of optimally allocating lump sum subsidies is NP-hard, and discuss two simple allocation policies that have good performance guarantees. In the second part of the thesis, we introduce a model to incorporate the cost of handling orders at a central distribution center, into the procurement decisions of a company. We show how structural results for this model lead to a practical method to select the best case pack size per SKU in procurement contracts, as well as to serve orders at the distribution center. Furthermore, we test this method on real data from a large utility company, finding significant total cost reductions.
by Gonzalo Romero.
Ph. D.
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Mok, Sze Xin, and Ruggero Moretto. "Mobilizing project-driven supply chains in the chemical industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107514.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: M. Eng. in Logistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Supply Chain Management Program, 2016."June 2016." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 83-85).
The company sponsoring our project is a leading chemical manufacturer, supplying a wide range of products on a global scale. One of the most interesting lines of business the company operates is to supply specialty chemicals in faraway places on few weeks' notice. The nature of these supply chains is project- driven, or, in other words, unique, non-repeatable and established for the sole purpose of fulfilling a single project. The company faces the challenge of operationalizing the set-up of such supply chains in order to reduce the amount of time and effort devoted to each supply and maximize learning from each project. This thesis seeks to address the conundrum of setting up project-driven supply chains in a more efficient, effective and easily repeatable way. Through interviews with company personnel, we identify eleven challenges and subdivide them into three categories: Business-Specific, Cross-Border, and Last-Leg. Next, through literature review and interviews with experts, we identify seventeen possible solutions to the above issues, which have the potential to improve planning and execution of project-driven supply chains in the chemical industry. Recognizing that cross-learnings from supply chains in humanitarian and military supply chains are valuable, our interviews include military and humanitarian practitioners, with the aim of increasing the variety of solutions. Using the research data as a basis, we formulate a project-driven supply chain mobilization template aimed at including most critical areas required in setting up project-driven supply chains. This template could be used as both a guideline for planning the mobilization of a supply contract, and as a validation tool to confirm the mobilization process has been thoroughly completed. The adoption of the mobilization template and process via integration with managerial and approval processes is expected to drive a more efficient and effective mobilization of project-driven supply chains for companies within the chemical industry and beyond.
by Sze Xin Mok and Ruggero Moretto.
M. Eng. in Logistics
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Andersson, Roy. "Quality-driven logistics." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3393.
Full textAbstract:
The overall objective of this thesis is to describe and explain how different quality management philosophies can be combined in the supply/demand chain, in order to contribute to its resilience. The analysis is both quantitative and qualitative, based on theory and literature related to TQM, Lean, Agile and Six Sigma, one literature study and three case studies that were performed in companies. The studies are related to four research questions and are presented in four papers. The first research question focuses on similarities and differences between the quality management concepts TQM, Lean and Six Sigma. The findings were that TQM, Six Sigma and Lean have many similarities, but they differ in some areas. For examples Lean addresses process flow and waste, whereas Six Sigma addresses variation and design. The conclusion is that there is a lot to gain if organisations are able to combine these three concepts, as they are complementary. Two case studies and a literature survey supported the findings. The second research question focuses on outcomes in a logistics process if using quality management. The findings were that the quality management approach leads to risks being mitigated, managed and monitored and ensures a more effective, robust and flexible process, very much in line with the Agility philosophy. Solutions for quicker response to customers have also been introduced. The findings were supported by two case studies in seven companies. The third research question focuses on how prepared the transport- and logistics-oriented companies are for the application of quality concepts and quality management philosophy. The findings were that they can be described as being TQM-oriented. The companies do not consider Lean and Six Sigma to be future trends. Focus is on the customer, while they do not focus on variations or removing waste. The findings were supported by a case study in 24 companies. The fourth research question focuses on how quality concepts can contribute to risk control and resilience in an organisation. A combined Lean/Six Sigma approach by using Six Sigma framework and the last phase, Perfection, in the Lean concept, implies that the companies’ resilience, due to their strengthened ability to handle variability, risk management and agility, was improved. The findings were supported by two case studies in seven companies.I. Andersson Roy, Henrik Eriksson and Håkan Torstensson (2006), Similarities and differences
between TQM, Six Sigma and Lean, The TQM Magazine; Vol. 18, Issue 3, pp 282-296.
This paper was also presented at the 7th International QMOD Conference, Monterrey, Mexico
2004:
Andersson Roy, Henrik Eriksson and Håkan Torstensson (2004), Similarities and differences
between TQM, Six Sigma and Lean, Conference proceeding, 7th International QMOD Conference,
Monterrey, Mexico, pp 143-158.
II. Andersson, Roy, Peter Manfredsson and Anders Näslid (2005), Application of Six Sigma to
Control Variability in Production Logistics: A Case Study, PLAN Conference Quality and
efficiency in the entire supply chain, University College of Borås, pp 21-37.
III. Andersson, R., M. Fredriksson and H. Torstensson (2005), Reducing logistic variations by
quality techniques, Conference proceedings, Vol 1, 8th International QMOD Conference,
Palermo, pp 457-464.
IV. Andersson, R. and H. Torstensson (2006), A combined quality approach to controlling supply
chain risk. Conference proceedings, Vol 1, 9th International QMOD Conference, Liverpool.
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Horn, James Ryan 1972. "Design and operational enhancements for a batch process driven supply chain." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9149.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (p. 95).
Film manufacturing at Eastman Kodak involves large-scale batch steps dictated by both technical and economic factors. Large-scale batch processes can lead to an unresponsive and wasteful supply chain. This thesis explores supply chain design and operational improvements that can mitigate the effects large-scale batch steps have on the overall performance of the supply chain. Specifically, the thesis investigates: 1. The applicability of using customer demand signals to drive upstream production processes. 2. Methods for mitigating effects of long component lead times. 3. Reducing the disparity between scheduling and manufacturing lead times The thesis also describes various simulations created to explore the above issues. These simulations were key discovery tools in finding creative ways to reduce the large-scale batch process effects. The results, respectively, are: 1. The decision to use customer demand signals to drive upstream production processes depends on the operational characteristics of the production process. 2. Provided certain conditions exist, a method, the Second Look Process, can improve supply chain responsiveness in the face of long lead-times. 3. An organization must realize its processes can impose inefficiencies in its supply chain operations; it must take a look at these inefficiencies and balance them with the organizational costs of eliminating them. In light of the constraints large-scale batch processes place on supply chain design and operations, this thesis provides methods and conceptual frameworks within which real bottom-line cost savings can be realized.
by James Ryan Horn.
S.M.
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Li, Jie. "Retailer-driven closed-loop supply chains with product remanufacturing." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2006.
Find full text
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Bremang, Asante. "Information systems design to support demand-driven supply chains." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419012.
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MARTINELLI, ELISA MARTINA. "CUSTOMER DRIVEN SUPPLY CHAINS AND DIRECT DIGITAL MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/39859.
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Nel contesto della nuova rivoluzione industriale, alti livelli di turbolenza, dinamismo, volatilità, globalizzazione, competizione e un diverso ruolo del consumatore riconfigurano il panorama delle supply chain e delle innovazioni. Nonostante il valore co-creato e le ultime innovazioni in ottica customer driven siano ormai elementi imprescindibili, poche ricerche si sono focalizzate sulle caratteristiche di una supply chain guidata dal consumatore e sull’impatto o implementazione della stampa 3D. Pertanto, questa tesi mira ad esplorare gli aspetti principali della customer driven supply chain e della direct digital manufacturing technology. Il Paper I presenta una revisione sistematica della letteratura e fornisce un quadro concettuale utile per organizzare i contributi più recenti sull'argomento, implementando la teoria e suggerendo linee guida per i manager. Il Paper II e Paper III propongono ricerche qualitative mediante singoli casi studio che rispettivamente analizzano come la stampa 3D è in grado di facilitare la supply chain customer centricity attraverso la co-creazione di valore nel settore aerospaziale e come un technology provider può implementare un’innovazione customer centric nel settore della gioielleria italiana. Gli studi suggeriscono modelli concettuali e proposizioni che incrementano la letteratura esistente e guidano i manager.
Questa tesi contribuisce all'esplorazione dei recenti progressi in merito all’'orientamento della supply chain e della direct digital manufacturing technology fornendo analisi critiche approfondite relative a diverse metodologie.In the new industrial revolution, high levels of turbulence, dynamism, volatility, globalization, competition and modified customer’s role reconfigure supply chains and innovations landscape. Even if value co-creation and last technologies towards customer driven orientation are unavoidable elements, few contributions have focused on customer driven supply chain characteristics and on 3D printing impact on supply chain or elements of its implementation. For this reason, the thesis aims to explore the main features of customer driven supply chains and direct digital manufacturing technology. Paper I presents a systematic literature review that shows a conceptual framework able to organize the most recent contributions on the topic, implementing the knowledge on the theme and suggesting guidelines to managers. Paper II and Paper III provide qualitative constructive single case study research respectively focused on how 3D printing can enable supply chain customer centricity by value co-creation in the aerospace sector and how 3D printing can be implemented by a technology provider in the Italian jewellery sector. The studies suggest conceptual framework and propositions for improving existing knowledge and addressing managers. This thesis contributes to the exploration of recent advancements in supply chain orientation and direct digital manufacturing technology by providing deep critical analysis related to diverse methodologies.
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Prater, Edmund. "Essays on the globalization of supply chains and the financial drivers of logistics outsourcing." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29511.
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Åkers, Josephine. "Driving fashion with data : A qualitative study of how buying firms in the buyer-driven fashion supply chain can benefit from a digitized supply chain reconfiguration." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-15745.
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Future customers will demand personalized goods and services. Value creation must therefore have a larger focus on product development and design, supply chain management and after-sales services. The key to success in the future fashion industry, is reduction of the reliance on traditional demand forecasting. Firms should instead put a larger focus on adapting shorter lead times and agile supply chain designs. Industry 4.0 will require an evolution of how clothing is designed and produced. It requires an implementation of new technologies able to identify data for expanding a consumer driven design and product development, combined with new technologies for flexible, local on-demand production. The purpose of the study is to explore how buying firms in the buyer-driven fashion supply chain utilize digitization and digital linking technology to create benefits for the firm. The study is of qualitative character and the reasoning is abductive, as theory on supply chain configuration is applied to the fashion supply chain. The empirical data was generated through in-depth, semi-structured expert interviews through a purposive sample of seven fashion industry professionals. In order to answer the research question, the empirical data was thematically analyzed and a main overarching theme and five subthemes emerged. The themes were compared to the theoretical framework of supply chain configuration. The elementary business opportunity in a digitized supply chain, is the combination of digital and physical resources to raise performance and support business innovation. The configuration between physical units, virtual units and information processing service supply chain units is crucial to create an added value to a service or a product. The empirical data revealed clear examples of how the configuration between the units is applied to create benefits for the firm. The findings elaborate the theory of supply chain configuration and contribute to the research field of strategic management and organizational theory.
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JUNIOR, PAULO MENDES DE OLIVEIRA. "A FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSING AND GUIDING PROGRESS TOWARDS A DEMAND DRIVEN SUPPLY CHAIN." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2010. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=32829@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRODiversas empresas implementaram processos e ferramentas de previsão de demanda para melhorar a performance do planejamento de demanda, porém estas iniciativas não foram suficientes para eliminar problemas de ruptura de produtos, melhorar a eficiência da cadeia de suprimento, devido ao desbalanceamento entre oferta e demanda, baixa precisão da previsão de demanda para produtos de médio e baixo volume, alta variabilidade de demanda e / ou grande número de novos produtos lançados no mercado. Para operar neste cenário, muitas empresas estão fazendo a transição de uma estratégia pura de push, no qual os produtos são manufaturados e distribuidos baseado somente em previsão de demanda, para uma estratégia de pull baseada na demanda real dos clientes, de forma a balancear a disponibilidade de produto com a demanda dos clientes. sta tese busca identificar e descrever os componentes de uma cadeia de suprimento orientada à demanda e, baseado nestes componentes, desenvolver uma metodologia estruturada e integrada para avaliar o estado atual das empresas à luz destes conceitos, assim como definir uma estratégia para auxiliar as organizações se tornarem orientadas à demanda com um custo eficiente. A metodologia foi aplicada em três regiões de uma empresa global de bebidas nos Estados Unidos, Brasil e Uruguai para validar a metodologia proposta e formalizar um plano de ação para estas operações se moverem na direção de orientadas à demanda. Os resultados da avaliação demonstraram que duas operações estão próximas ao nível básico de push e uma está próxima ao nível otimizado push, confirmando que existem claras oportunidades para estas empresas melhorarem sua performance com base nos conceitos propostos. Finalmente, outra contribuição desta tese é o arcabouço proposto para desenho de uma estratégia de três anos para a cadeia de suprimento, o qual irá considerar os resultados da avaliação como uma das principais entradas, e irá gerar um plano de ação para suportar a implementação efetiva das oportunidades identificadas durante a avaliação, permitindo que as organizações se tornem orientadas à demanda.
Several companies have been implementing forecasting tools and processes to improve demand planning performance, but these initiatives were not enough to eliminate OOS problems, and improve supply chain efficiency, due to a mismatch between supply and demand, low forecast accuracy for medium and low volume products, high demand variability and/or high number of new product introductions. To cope with this scenario, most companies are trying to move from a pure Push strategy, which is to produce and distribute based only on forecast, to a Pull system, which is to operate based on actual customer demand, in order to balance supply availability with customer demand. This thesis aims to identify and describe the key components of demand driven supply chains and based on these components, develop a structured and integrated assessment framework that companies can use to assess their current and desired future supply chain states in light of the Demand Driven Supply Chain (DDSC) concepts, and to define a supply chain strategy to move towards a customer centric operation, cost effectively. The framework was applied in three supply chain operations of a global beverage company in USA, Brazil and Uruguay to validate the methodology and formalize an action plan for these operations to be able to move towards a DDSC. The results of the assessment showed that two operations are currently close to a basic push level, and one is closed to an optimized push level, confirming that there are clear opportunities for those companies to improve their performance based on demand driven concepts. Finally, another contribution of this thesis is the structured framework developed to design a three year supply chain strategy, which will consider the DDSC assessment results as one of the key inputs, and will support the implementation of the opportunities identified during the assessment.
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Cheng, Liang-Chieh. "Drivers of organizational modularity in supply chains a cross-sectional study of U.S. manufacturing industries /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3222.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: Business and Management. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Bäckstrand, Jenny. "A Method for Customer-driven Purchasing : Aligning Supplier interaction and Customer-driven manufacturing." Doctoral thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH. Forskningsmiljö Industriell produktion, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19844.
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The role of a purchaser has traditionally focused on acquiring standard items at the lowest possible cost. The ability to reduce unit cost has been the key performance indicator for purchasers. Most traditional purchasing strategies thus focus on optimizing this situation, focusing on the supplier interface only and not on customer value. However, for many manufacturing companies, the demand from their customers has changed lately. Not only low‐cost standard products but also customized products and short delivery lead times is increasingly required. In order to contribute to the focal actor’s competitiveness, purchasers need a purchasing strategy that supports customer value creation and thus differentiates between acquiring standard items and acquiring customized items. Accordingly, not only the focal actor’s interaction with the supplier needs to be regarded in the purchasing situation, but also the interaction with the focal actor’s customer. This is defined as customer‐driven purchasing in this research. The purpose of this research is to develop knowledge that contributes to increased competitiveness of manufacturing companies. The manufacturer can increase competitiveness by further utilizing knowledge available in manufacturing strategy in the purchasing situation. The main objective of this dissertation is to analyze the competitiveness in customer‐driven purchasing and to develop a method for customerdriven purchasing by aligning supplier interaction with customer‐driven manufacturing. The method for customer‐driven purchasing (the CDP method) was developed in collaboration with Combitech AB, Ericsson AB, Fagerhult AB, Husqvarna AB, Parker Hannifin AB, and Siemens Turbomachinery AB. The CDP method consists of three phases, divided into twelve steps. The first phase focuses on identifying strategic lead times and differentiating between varying circumstances for the purchased items. The second phase focuses on analyzing customer‐driven manufacturing while the third phase focuses on analyzing supplier interaction. The method is concluded with the implementation of customer‐driven purchasing. When applying the three phases of the CDP method, the case companies have experienced a better alignment between customer expectations and supplier performance since the competitive priorities to pursue in a supplier interaction are identified and taken action upon. Direct visible results of implementing the model are, for example, shortened supply lead time for customized items, and reduced inventory levels for standard items. The CDP method has also helped the companies to identify critical suppliers and how the supplier interaction should be affected by the customer demand for the purchased item. Several indirect results have also been reported, such as, improved internal communication, and a better balance between short supply lead time and low cost. Thus the need to differentiate and balance the goals and key performance indicators for purchasers has become evident. Applying the CDP method has been seen as an important learning process in which the objectives of purchasing and manufacturing are aligned for improved competitiveness. This contributes to establishing purchasing as a strategically important competitive function and to support a holistic view of the focal actor’s competitiveness.Traditionellt har inköparens roll varit att anskaffa standardartiklar till lägsta möjliga kostnad. Förmågan att reducera kostnaden per inköpt artikel har också ofta varit det viktigaste nyckeltalet för inköp. De flesta inköpsstrategier fokuserar därför på att optimera denna situation och därmed endast på gränssnittet mot leverantör, inte på att skapa kundvärde. För många tillverkande företag har dock efterfrågan från kunderna ändrats; numera efterfrågas inte bara standardartiklar till lägsta möjliga kostnad utan även kundanpassade artiklar som kan levereras med kort leveransledtid och med bibehållen låg kostnad. För att kunna bidra till företagets konkurrenskraft behöver inköparna därför få tillgång till en inköps‐strategi som stöder skapandet av kundvärde och därför skiljer inköpssituationer där standardartiklar ska anskaffas från situationer där kundanpassade artiklar ska anskaffas. En sådan inköpsstrategi tar därför inte bara hänsyn till samverkan med leverantören utan även till det tillverkande företagets kund. Detta definieras som kunddrivet inköp i denna avhandling. Syftet med denna forskning är att utveckla kunskap som bidrar till ökad konkurrenskraft för tillverkande företag. Tillverkaren kan öka sin konkurrenskraft genom att skapa sig ett helhetsperspektiv på produktion och inköp där inköpsstrategier och leverantörsrelationer ligger i linje med aktuella produktionsstrategier. Målet med denna avhandling är att anlysera konceptet kunddrivet inköp och att utveckla en metod för kunddrivet inköp genom att samordna inköpsstrategier och produktionsstrategier. Metoden för kunddrivet inköp (KDI‐metoden) har tagits fram i samverkan med Combitech AB, Ericsson AB, Fagerhult AB, Husqvarna AB, Parker Hannifin AB och Siemens Turbomachinery AB. KDI‐metoden består av tre faser uppdelade på 12 steg. Första fasen fokuserar på att identifiera strategiska ledtider och att differentiera mellan olika förutsättningar för de inköpta artiklarna. Den andra fasen fokuserar på att analysera förutsättningarna för kunddriven produktion, och tredje fasen fokuserar på att analysera förutsättningarna för leverantörssamverkan. Metoden avslutas med att kunddrivet inköp implementeras på företaget. Vid implementeringen av KDI‐metoden har de medverkande företagen upplevt ett tydligare fokus på strategisk nivå gällande ledtider och uppdelning mellan prognosdrivna och kundorderdrivna artiklar. Detta har lett till en ökad samordning mellan kundkrav och leverantörsprestationer eftersom kritiska konkurrensfaktorer har identifierats och kommunicerats. Implementeringen av metoden har fått både direkta och indirekta resultat. Exempel på direkta resultat är minskad ledtid för kundanpassade artiklar och reducerade lagernivåer för standardartiklar. KDI‐metoden har också hjälpt företagen att identifiera vilka leverantörer som är avgörande för konkurrenskraften och hur samverkan med dessa leverantörer bör påverkas av kundefterfrågan på den inköpta artikeln. Exempel på indirekta resultat är bland annat förbättrad intern kommunikation och en företagsgemensam insikt att mål och mätetal för inköpare måste differentieras med hänsyn till typ av artikel som köps in. Detta har lett till en förbättrad balans mellan strävan efter korta ledtider och strävan efter låg inköpskostnad. Implementeringen av KDI‐metoden har hos de medverkande företagen setts som en viktig lärprocess genom vilken företaget har tydliggjort och samordnat de interna målen gällande ledtid och kostnad. Genom att skapa denna helhetssyn får inköp och produktion samma förutsättningar för att bidra till kundvärde. Företagets konkurrenskraft får därför direkt stöd av KDI‐metoden.
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Anoun, Amine. "A data-driven approach to mitigate risk in global food supply chains." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112084.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 141-143).
Economically motivated adulteration of imported food poses a serious threat to public health, and has contributed to several poisoning incidents in the past few years in the U.S. [1]. Prevention is achieved by sampling food shipments coming to the U.S. However, the sampling resources are limited: all shipments are electronically sampled [2], but only a small percentage of shipments are physically inspected. In an effort to mitigate risk in shipping supply chains, we develop a data-driven approach to identify risky shippers and manufacturers exporting food to the U.S., as well as U.S. based consignees and importers receiving imported products. We focus our analysis on honey and shrimp, two products that are routinely imported and frequently adulterated. We obtain over 62,000 bills of lading of honey entering the U.S. between 2006 and 2015 from public sources, and over a million shipment records of shrimp entering the U.S. between 2007 and 2015 from the Food and Drugs Administration (FDA). We analyze these data to identify common patterns between high risk shippers, manufacturers, U.S. consignees and importers, and use them to determine structural features of shipping supply chains that correlate with risk of adulteration. In our analysis of shrimp manufacturers, we distinguish two types of adulteration: intentional (driven by economic motivation) and unintentional (due to negligence or poor sanitary conditions). We use a Bayesian approach to model both the sampling or inspection procedure of the FDA, and the risk of adulteration. Our model is able to predict which companies are at risk of committing adulteration with high out-of-sample accuracy. We find that both geographical features (e.g., travel route, country of origin and transnational paths) and network features (e.g., number of partners, weight dispersion and diversity of the product portfolio) are significant and predictive of suspicious behavior. These outcomes can inform various decisions faced by the FDA in their sampling policy for honey and shrimp shipments, and their site inspection policy for consignees and importers. This work can also extend to other commodities with similar mechanisms, and provides a general framework to better detect food safety failures and mitigate risk in food supply chains.
by Amine Anoun.
S.M.
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KASSEM, ALEXANDER, and HAKIM LIAM JAFAR. "Assessing critical success factors (CSFs) for a supplier in a relationship-driven B2B-market." Thesis, KTH, Industriell Management, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-199221.
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It is necessary for firms to consider and understand sales and buying processes to improve relationship initiation and accommodate the buyers and end-customers. Relationships within the supply chain enable firms to access beneficial abilities to overcome challenges and complexities of new products, shrinking time to market, capital intensities and thus meeting competitive challenges. Developing strategic partnerships with key supply chain actors is an emerging trend in supply chain management. Firms are seen as complex nodes in interdependent supply chain networks where competitive advantages are met by collaboration and co-creation in the business environment. The aim of this study is to investigate the problem areas and assess the critical success factors for a supplier within a relation driven B2B three-tier supply chain network by adopting an abductive, theory-building methodology using qualitative case studies, using the case company as a focal firm. Two different three-tier supply chains are investigated within the focal company with an endcustomer, a buyer and a supplier in each supply chain structure. The study offered us four dominant themes common to all findings. These are structural power within the supply chain network, relationship stability with the end-customer, market knowledge and structural network position. In our discussion, we looked for common denominators to frame our propositions. We organized the propositions in each of the four key themes that emerged from the findings. We then incorporated literature at this stage to compare and contrast our findings, essentially using the literature study as an additional source of validation. The main theoretical contributions of this research involve targeting a new area of importance in the crossroads of supply chain management, customer relationship management and knowledge management, and identifying four critical success factors in a market entry on a relationship-driven industrial B2B market.
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Köksal, Deniz [Verfasser]. "Social responsibility in apparel supply chains : Exploring drivers, enablers, and barriers in Vietnam and Indonesia / Deniz Köksal." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1195606672/34.
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Panarotto, Massimo. "Capturing Value in Conceptual PSS Design : Perspectives from the Automotive Supply Chain." Licentiate thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00563.
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Manufacturing companies have traditionally focused their design and development activities on realizing technical and engineered aspects of physical artifacts based on performance requirements. The ever-changing business climate, with its increased pace during the past decades, has forced industries to continuously innovate their approach toward the development of new products. Pressured also by global competition, manufacturing companies need to reconsider the traditional concept of realizing value via goods production, and shift towards realizing value through product-service combinations. Companies have begun to recognize that gaining competitive advantage and expanding market shares is not achievable purely through continuous technical improvements. Rather, it is necessary to develop a closer relationship to the customer to gain a deeper understanding of expectations, needs, and perceived value. From a development perspective, the overarching problem within complex systems such as those in which cars, aircraft, and excavators are manufactured, or healthcare is provided, is that the focus on customer value is likely to become blurred since it is difficult to understand the impact a change in any single component in the overall system has on value, and to determine a new function’s impact on future scenarios. The main goals of this thesis are to provide an understanding of key challenges when considering the value different design alternatives provide in the conceptual phases of product development taking the automotive industry as case study, and to explore how to support a multi-disciplinary design team in making value-conscious decisions when dealing with new product-service offerings. The research approach has involved data collection through participation in, and facilitation of, product-service design workshops in the automotive industry. Also, it has involved follow-up meetings and interviews, as well as a review of literature on state-of-the-art methods in early conceptual design phases, which describes the advantages and disadvantages of the different frameworks. The primary finding of the study is that determination of the impact of different PSS design options on customer value becomes more challenging since new elements are introduced (e.g., new business models and services). The design team requires more holistic competences in order to more fully understand changing contexts; and new methods and tools are needed in order to establish a base to define, discuss and assess what “uncontested customer value” is, and link it to the different product-service elements of the system. Secondly, this thesis proposes a conceptual approach for value simulation and assessment of different design options, where the iterative use of personas and scenario generation is combined with value modeling and computer-based simulation techniques, enabling a quick “what-if” analysis of the various options, facilitating the identification of promising combinations of product and service elements that provide higher customer value.
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Gustafsson, Anders, and Johanna Wenngren. "Möjligheter med Supply Chain Management i produktionen av Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient : en utvärdering och empirisk fallstudie av Demand Driven Supply inom AstraZeneca AB." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Business Studies, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1462.
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De stora läkemedelsbolagen har sedan mitten på 1990-talet fått en ökad press på att optimera sina försörjningskedjor på grund av att patent på olika mediciner gått ut. När patentet gått ut kan generiska konkurrenter börja sälja liknande mediciner, de kan sälja dem till lägre pris eftersom de inte har forsknings och utvecklingskostnader att täcka. AstraZeneca tog i slutet av 1990-talet beslutet att implementera en ny strategi för deras försörjningskedja i deras produktion. Detta gjordes för att sänka deras produktionskostnader för att kunna konkurrera mot generiska konkurrenter. En konsultfirma togs in och Demand Driven Supply (DDS) implementerades. Syftet med denna uppsats är att definiera Demand Driven Supply och att utvärdera om denna implementering gett de resultat som eftersträvades. Vi presenterar en teoretisk referensram som behövs för att få en förståelse över de metoder och verktyg som behövs för att optimera varuförsörjningskedjan och därigenom kunna sänka kostnaderna. Dessa teorier står till grund för den implementering som skedde hos AstraZeneca. Den huvudsakliga anledningen till att DDS implementerades var att AstraZeneca ville gå mot sugande produktionsstyrning för att därmed korta ledtiden, sänka kostnader och sänka kapitalbindningen och höja marginalerna på sin försäljning för att få kapital till att återinvestera i företaget.
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Prout, Jonathan (Jonathan Paul). "A data-driven approach to vendor rationalization and engagement for sustainable supply chains." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105630.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, 2016. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2016. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 76-78).
Demands for shorter lead times and smaller order quantities, a greater emphasis on sustainable sourcing, and better management of supply chain risks are challenges Li & Fung is addressing by reshaping its relationship with its vendor base. The current work seeks to develop a data-driven approach for vendor base rationalization and vendor engagement as part of a larger initiative within the company to move from transactional vendor relationships to ones of greater collaboration and support. The primary contribution of this project is to provide Li & Fung with a rationalization and engagement methodology that leverages vendor performance and capability data collected by Li & Fung, as well as the author's own on-site observations of vendors, to address three main topic areas: vendor evaluation, vendor selection, and vendor engagement. 1. Vendor evaluation addresses the question of how Li & Fung measures the performance of vendors. This is an important aspect of vendor rationalization because the performance parameters used to evaluate the vendors are the behaviors that are promoted. A balanced scorecard taking into account a variety of performance considerations is presented as the tool to evaluate vendor performance. 2. Vendor selection addresses the question of how Li & Fung decides which vendors to continue to do business with and to what extent. These are essential questions to answer because the strength of the supply chain depends on the strength of the links in that chain. Two data streams providing a holistic picture of a vendor's historical performance, production capacity, production capabilities, and engagement level are used to select the right mix of vendors fit for the business's needs. 3. Vendor engagement addresses the question of how to build vendor relationships in a way that provides mutual incentive and benefits in improving performance and profitability over time. Presented as the foundation for this relationship is a vendor engagement package, which includes an objective set of performance data to monitor the vendor over time. It is through this vendor engagement package that Li & Fung exercises its influence to commit vendors to improvement plans aligned with business goals. The short-term accomplishment of the work was to successfully implement the rationalization methodology on a pilot product category within an operating group to reduce the vendor base from 39 to 19 and to identify three vendors for strategic partnerships. The long-term accomplishment of the work was to provide a robust vendor rationalization and engagement methodology that can be improved upon over time and applied across the remainder of the product categories within the operating group.
by Jonathan Prout.
S.M. in Engineering Systems
M.B.A.
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Baitalmal, Mohammad Hamza. "A Grounded Theory Model of the Relationship between Big Data and an Analytics-Driven Supply Chain Competitive Strategy." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404511/.
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The technology for storing and using big data is evolving rapidly and those that can keep pace are likely to garner additional competitive advantages. One approach to uncovering existing practice in a manner that provides insights for building theory is the use of grounded theory. The current research employs qualitative research following a grounded theory approach to explore gap in understanding the relationship between big data (BD) and the supply chain (SC). In this study eight constructs emerged: Organizational and environmental factors, big data and supply chain analytics, alignment, data governance, big data capabilities, cost of quality, risk analysis and supply chain performance. The contribution of this research resulted in a new theoretical framework that provides researchers and practitioners with an ability to visualize the relationship between collection and use of BD and the SC. This framework provides a model for future researchers to test the relationships posited and continue to extend understanding about how BD can benefit SC practice. While it is anticipated that the proposed theoretical framework will evolve as a result of future examination and enhanced understating of the relationships shown the framework presented represents a critical first step for moving the literature and practice forward.