Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Support prevents'

To date, outcome research suggests that providing clinicians with patient progress feedback and problem-solving tools is effective in improving therapeutic outcome for clients who are predicted to have a negative treatment outcome. To expand upon this body of research, the current study examined the efficacy of using these problem-solving tools (Clinical Support Tools; CST) to reduce the risk of treatment failure and enhance positive outcome with 118 clients who were not identified as at -risk for a negative outcome. Results of this study indicated that the intervention failed to lower the rate of becoming an at-risk case or to enhance treatment outcome. A possible explanation for the null results observed is poor treatment compliance. Based on the findings of this study, the CST cannot be recommended as an intervention across the broad range of clients who enter treatment. However, qualitative analysis results reflect positive indicators for continued research with at-risk cases.

Current research shows that school’s behavior intervention plans are lacking in key components, indicating a need for a standardized model of assessment that sustains teacher adherence, acceptance, and feasibility. Prevent-Teach-Reinforce (PTR) is a model that combines the principles of applied behavior analysis and positive behavior support to provide a standardized approach to conducting a functional assessment and creating a behavior plan. Studies have indicated that PTR is effective in improving student behavior and academic engagement. The current study evaluated the use of PTR for three high school students classified as emotional behavioral disorder (EBD). Results indicated that teacher-implemented functional assessment and intervention planning through the use of PTR was effective at creating substantial reductions in problem behaviors and improvements in replacement behaviors for all three students. In addition, teachers were able to implement the interventions with high levels of fidelity, and social validity scores obtained from both the teachers and students indicated that the acceptability of the PTR procedures and results was relatively high.

Underage drinking is common among Swedish adolescents and is related to problems for individuals, families, and society. From a public health perspective, it is of great importance that knowledge be gained about alcohol prevention. The overall aim of this thesis is, within the context of a national support program for NGOs, to study parents, a parental support program, and adolescents with regard to preventing underage drinking.  The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare (NBHW) has a government commission to distribute funds to non-governmental organizations (NGOs) for alcohol and drug prevention efforts. Study I of the thesis describes and analyses this program with a special emphasis on research and development for an evidence-based practice. It is a research strategy case study with 135 projects and 14 embedded in-depth studies. The results reveal that this program to support NGOs has been successful in engaging a wide range of NGOs in prevention efforts. A trustful partnership between practitioners, national agencies, and researchers has also been developed, which has improved the quality and results of the different projects. Studies II, III, IV, and V all used data from a longitudinal questionnaire study with parents and adolescents within one of the 14 in-depth studies: the study of IOGT-NTO’s parental program Strong and Clear. Additional data, such as telephone interviews and other parental questionnaires, are also used.  Study II aims to analyse the significance of socio-demographic factors for parental attitudes and behaviour regarding adolescent alcohol consumption to see if any group of parents is especially important for intervention efforts. The results showed that fathers were more likely than mothers to have non-restrictive attitudes towards underage drinking and to have children who had drunk or tasted alcohol at home. Study III examines reasons for non-participation in the program. Parents with a low educational level were found more likely to be non-participants than highly educated parents. When parents stated their reasons for non-participation it emerged that they did not perceive a need for the intervention and that there were practical obstacles to their participation. Study IV is an effect study of Strong and Clear and showed that the program contributed to maintaining parents’ restrictive attitude toward underage drinking, postponing alcohol debut, and preventing drunkenness among the adolescents. Study V, only presented in the thesis, examined parents’ perceptions about Strong and Clear. Parents primarily thought it had led to their speaking more often about alcohol with their children, and had been a help in this conversation. Many also stated that the program had influenced their ability to set limits for their children. The school and IOGT-NTO were considered as suitable providers of Strong and Clear. This thesis showed that a national support program for NGOs including research and development contributes to a more evidence-based public health practice.

This study assessed the Prevent-Teach-Reinforce (PTR) model to determine its impact on problem and replacement behaviors of three children who are typically developing with behavioral challenges in a high-need elementary school setting. Specifically, this study evaluated the use of the PTR model as an intensive individualized Tier 3 intervention within a multi-tiered intervention system. In addition, the study examined the validity and usability of the Individualized Behavior Rating Scale Tool (IBRST), which was developed as a feasible daily progress monitoring tool in conjunction with the PTR model. Social validity and fidelity of intervention implementation were also assessed. A multiple baseline across participants was employed to evaluate the impact of implementation of the model on the children's behaviors. The results of the study indicated that the PTR model was effective in reducing problem behaviors and increasing the use of replacement behaviors for all three participants. In addition, the IBRST completed by the teachers was found to have a substantial correlation to data collected during direct observations.

This study evaluated the implementation of the school-based Prevent-Teach-Reinforce (PTR) model within multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS) for elementary school students engaging in high levels of problem behavior. Three students and their classroom teachers in two public schools participated in the team-based PTR process during which they engaged in teaming and goal setting, functional behavior assessment, intervention, and evaluation. A multiple baseline across participants design was used to evaluate the impact of using the PTR model on student problem and replacement behaviors. Direct and indirect observations of student behaviors were conducted across target and generalization academic time periods. Findings indicate that the PTR intervention effectively reduced problem behavior and increased replacement behavior for all three participating students in both target and generalization academic time periods. Social validity assessments with the participating teachers and students indicated high levels of acceptability of and satisfaction with the PTR intervention goals, procedures, and outcomes. Implications for using the PTR model within MTSS for students who are not responding to Tier 2 interventions are discussed.

Daily routines in the home are typically the most common interactions for children with their siblings and parents. When a child exhibits challenging behavior in these routines, it can cause a strain on the family as well as the child's ability to learn a more appropriate behavior. This study examined the feasibility and potential efficacy of an adapted version of the Prevent-Teach- Reinforce (PTR) intervention with three families of young children with developmental disabilities. The school-based PTR manual was adapted for treatment use in a family context. The study assessed the family adherence to the collaboratively developed PTR intervention, family use of the behavior rating scale, social validity, procedural integrity, and child behavior behaviors during the routines. A multiple-baseline design across children was used to examine the impact of the PTR intervention on child behavior within the routine. Results indicated that the PTR interventions were successful in demonstrating an increase in appropriate behaviors and a decrease in challenging behaviors across children. The results also indicated that parents were able to successfully use the behavior rating scale to measure each child's behavior.

This study examined the effectiveness of a school-based intervention process known as Prevent-Teach-Reinforce for children with a combination of externalizing and internalizing behaviors compared to children with only externalizing behaviors. The dependent variables examined were social skills, problem behaviors, and academic engaged time. Data for the current study were taken from archival data collected by the Florida Mental Health Institute that included students in kindergarten through 8th grade. A series of repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify differences in improvement on the dependent variables for the two groups of students. Research questions focused on the main effects as well as interaction effects between the type(s) of behavioral problems displayed (i.e., externalizing only, combination of externalizing and internalizing). Behavior problem classification was determined by calculating students' individual subscale scores on the Social Skills Rating Scale. The current study found support for the use of the Prevent-Teach-Reinforce intervention for children with varying behavioral profiles. Significant improvements were found in social skills, behavioral problems, and academic engaged time for students. Additionally, results of this study indicate that internalizing behaviors did not serve as a moderator to treatment effectiveness for students with externalizing behavior problems who received the PTR intervention. That is, improvements were similar for both groups, demonstrating that PTR is a process that can be used in an equally-effective way for both populations.

Abstract Several studies have highlighted the need for the provision of extra support for parenting and for the children of families with parental cancer, with particular emphasis on the need to protect the psychosocial wellbeing of these children. However despite this, child-centred work still rarely forms part of clinical practice in adult health-care settings. The aims of the present work were: 1) to calculate a population-based estimate for the number of Finnish children affected by parental cancer, 2) to investigate whether these children had used specialised psychiatric services to a greater extent than their peers, 3) to conduct a systematic review of the scientific literature regarding the current state of structured interventions directly targeted at children with parental cancer, 4) to outline the clinicians' experiences of the use of structured child centred interventions in long-term clinical practice, and 5) to assess whether the “Let’s Talk about Children” (LT) and “Family Talk Intervention” (FTI) approaches have any impact on the psychiatric symptom profile of seriously somatically ill parents and their spouses. It was found that every 15th child (6.6% of the children) had a mother or father who was treated for cancer during the years 1987 to 2008. Cases of parental cancer increased these children’s use of specialised psychiatric services significantly by comparison with their peers. A systematic review revealed that the existing number of structured child-centred interventions was small and their methodological content was highly heterogeneous. Clinicians’ long-term experiences of the use of structured child-centred interventions in everyday clinical practice highlighted: the flexible choice of interventions, the importance of taking the children’s needs into account, inter–team collaboration and the need to regard death as an essential topic when working with families with parental cancer. A significant improvement in the parent’s psychological symptoms was observed four months after the completion of the structured intervention. It can be concluded that children affected by parental cancer comprise a substantial part of the general population. Both the increased use of specialised psychiatric services by the children and the positive effect of interventions on the parents justify the pursuance of research-based child-centred work
Tiivistelmä Useat viimeaikaiset tutkimukset ovat suosittaneet lisätukea vanhemmuudelle ja lapsille syöpäpotilaiden lasten psykososiaalisen hyvinvoinnin turvaamiseksi. Tästä huolimatta lapsikeskeistä työtä tehdään aikuisterveydenhuollossa vähän. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli: 1) arvioida väestötasolla niiden suomalaisten lasten lukumäärä, joilla on syöpää sairastava vanhempi, ja verrata näiden lasten psykiatrisen erikoissairaanhoidon käyttöä muihin vastaavan ikäisiin, 2) selvittää systemaattisesti olemassa oleva tutkimustieto lapsikeskeisten strukturoitujen interventioiden käytöstä syöpää sairastavien vanhempien lapsilla, 3) tutkia työntekijöiden pitkäaikaisia kokemuksia strukturoitujen lapsikeskeisten interventioiden käytöstä osana jokapäiväistä kliinistä työtä, 4) selvittää kahden strukturoidun intervention, Lapset puheeksi -keskustelun ja Beardsleen perheintervention, vaikutusta vanhempien psykiatrisiin oireisiin neljä kuukautta intervention jälkeen verrattuna tilanteeseen ennen interventiota. Tulosten mukaan Suomessa 6,6 %:lla vuonna 1987 syntyneistä lapsista oli vanhempi, jota oli hoidettu syövän takia seurantajakson 1987–2008 aikana. Syöpää sairastavien vanhempien lasten psykiatrisen erikoissairaanhoidon käyttö oli tilastollisesti merkitsevästi kohonnut verrattuna muihin samanikäisiin. Lasten tukemiseen tarkoitettujen strukturoitujen interventioiden määrä oli vähäinen ja niiden tutkimuksellinen taso oli vaihteleva. Työntekijöiden kokemukset lapsikeskeisten interventioiden toteuttamisesta potilastyössä nostivat esille useita huomioonotettavia asioita: on tärkeää voida valita interventio joustavasti perheen tarpeiden mukaan, yli sektorirajojen ulottuva yhteistyö on keskeistä, lasten yksilöllisten tarpeiden huomioiminen on tärkeää, kuoleman teema nousee usein esille perheiden kanssa työskenneltäessä. Vanhempien psyykkisten oireiden todettiin vähentyneen intervention jälkeen tehdyssä mittauksessa verrattuna ennen interventiota tehtyyn mittaukseen. Tutkimuksen tulosten perusteella voidaan päätellä, että syöpäpotilaiden lapset muodostavat merkittävän ryhmän väestössä. Syöpäpotilaiden lasten lisääntynyt psykiatrisen erikoissairaanhoidon käyttö jo yksin ja myös interventioiden myönteiset vaikutukset puoltavat lapsikeskeisen työn kehittämistä aikuisterveydenhuoltoon. Kehittämistyön pohjana voidaan käyttää tässä tutkimuksessa käytettyjä strukturoituja lapsikeskeisiä interventioita

Som yrkesverksam inom sociala arbeten möter professionella tragiska människoöden och traumatiska berättelser. Utifrån återkommande exponering för dessa berättelser kan den yrkesverksamma i längden själv riskera drabbas av traumasymptom. Detta kallas för sekundär traumatisering, vilket i sin tur kan leda till utbrändhet och sjukskrivning. Studien undersöker hur chefer inom sociala verksamheter i Sverige anser att deras organisation kan förebygga sekundär traumatisering bland deras medarbetare. Studien utgår ifrån en kvalitativ, induktiv ansats där sju chefer från olika kommuner intervjuats genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjupersonerna valdes utifrån ett målinriktat, bekvämlighets- och snöbollsurval. I genomförd innehållsanalys framkom tre kategorier gällande hur sekundär traumatisering kan förebyggas: genom kunskap, en planerad organisationsstruktur samt via en öppen organisationskultur. Resultatet har sedan diskuterats utifrån tidigare forskning samt ur ett chefsperspektiv på krav-kontroll-stödmodellen. Studien konkluderar att chefer kan förebygga sekundär traumatisering. För det första genom att skapa en planerad organisationsstruktur, vilken möjliggör kontroll och stöd för medarbetarna. För det andra genom att uppmuntra en god organisationskultur som bidrar till högt socialt stöd. För det tredje genom att öka kunskapen om sekundär traumatisering, vilket fungerar som ett skydd gentemot sekundär traumatisering. Dessutom dras slutsatsen att cheferna kan använda krav-kontroll-stödmodellen som ett verktyg i sitt förebyggande arbete mot sekundär traumatisering.
Professionals within social work encounter tragic human fates and traumatic stories. Due to recurring exposure of traumatic stories it is possible for professionals to risk suffering from trauma symptoms. This is called secondary traumatisation, which can result in burnout and sick leave. The thesis investigates how managers within the social sector in Sweden find that they can prevent secondary traumatisation among their employees. The study is based on a qualitative, inductive approach where interviews with seven managers from different municipalities where conducted. The interviewees were selected based on target sampling, convenience sampling, as well as snowball sampling. In the content analysis three categories regarding how secondary traumatisation can be prevented was discovered: through knowledge, a planned organisational structure and through an open organisational culture. The result has been discussed based on existing research as well as from a manager’s perspective on the demand-control-support model. The findings conclude that managers can prevent secondary traumatisation. Fist, by creating a planned organisational structure, which enable control and support for employees. Second, by encouraging a good organisational culture, which contribute to high social support. Third, employees receive a form of protection from secondary traumatisation by increasing knowledge about the subject. Furthermore, the findings also conclude that managers can use the demand-control-support model as a tool in preventing secondary traumatisation.

This diploma thesis deals with significant factors of burnout prevention and burnout causes out of the perspective of a person that is in danger of burnout and out of the perspective of one's surroundings. The aim of this thesis is to describe the influence of family background as a key component of one's social support. The thesis deals specifically with function of original and newly set family in burnout prevention and finds different aspects that can be crucial for prevention of burnout. The core of empirical part of this thesis is research on the influence of a family on burnout syndrome and description of this possible influence. Key words Burnout syndrome, burnout prevention, family, family background, family relationships, family conflicts, social support, values.

The Abstract This thesis deals with the problematic of burn out syndrom. In the theoretical part it deals with the prevention from the side of the employer and the support of the Ministry of Health. It compares psychosocial support provided by the divisions of Integrated rescue system. In addition it describes the actual situation in providing of the long term intensive care with the focus on the roots of origins of the burn out syndrom in those departments. In the practical parts were describes 4 Prague hospitals (ÚVN, FN Motol, RK Malvazinky, ETOILE CZ, a. s.) and their areas of prevention, through the qualitative methodology of data collection. Through the analysis quantitative metodology, it was found out, that majority of the respondents would appreciate creation of anonymous phone line within the frame of psychosocial support. The respondents also claim that it would be good, if the employers would be given by the law the obligation to provide the psychosocial support. From the research it appears, that the employers, eventhough they are aware of the risk of the burn out syndrom appearance in the departments of intensive care, they do not measure the appearance of this phenomen with the tools meant for it. Based on comparison of both research methods was proven, that 63 % of the respondents are...

The general objectives of the study were to evaluate a social work support group programme with informal caregivers that aimed to enhance the quality of care provided to older persons in an urban and rural community setting in Namibia. In order to achieve the general objectives of the study, the following specific objectives were formulated: * To explore how informal caregiving situations in urban and rural communities lead to elder abuse and neglect. * To describe existing literature on the various factors that contribute to elder abuse and neglect within community settings. * To develop a support group programme for informal caregivers of older persons in urban and rural community settings that aimed at preventing elder abuse and neglect. * To implement and evaluate the effectiveness of the support group programme for informal caregivers that aimed at preventing elder abuse and neglect. The thesis consists of 5 sections: Section A consists of the problem statement, research objectives, central theoretical argument and the theoretical approaches that underpin the study. Furthermore, the research methodology, the definition of key concepts and the limitation of the study are presented. Section B contains four articles that together formed part of the research outcomes. Each article can function independently with it’s own objectives and distinctive content. However, each article is also a sub-project of the umbrella research study. Therefore, some of the data have to be repeated in different sections. The four articles are: Article 1: Informal caregiving, elder abuse and neglect in urban and rural areas of the Khomas region in Namibia: A needs assessment A needs assessment on informal caregiving situations and how it may lead to elder abuse and neglect of older persons from an urban and rural constituency in the Khomas region was explored. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with professional and community leaders. In addition, focus group discussions were held with older persons and informal caregivers in the urban and rural constituency. Article 2: Factors contributing to elder abuse and neglect in community settings In this article, a comprehensive review of the literature pertaining to the risk and protective factors to elder abuse and neglect was done. The ecological theory was worthwhile to describe the risk factors to elder abuse and neglect. Article 3: Designing a social work support group programme with informal caregivers of older people in Namibia A social work support group programme was developed for informal caregivers of older persons in community settings. The eight-week support group programme was developed based on a needs assessment and a comprehensive literature review, and included the following topics; the normal processes of aging, handling of difficult caregiving situations, caregiver stress, self-care of the caregiver, elder abuse and neglect and caregiver grief and loss. The planning model for group work was also utilised to design the group. Article 4: Evaluation of the effectiveness of a support group programme with informal caregivers to prevent elder abuse and neglect An eight-week support group programme with ten female informal caregivers from an urban group and twelve informal caregivers from a rural group setting was implemented and evaluated. Standardized measuring instruments that assessed the outcome of the group at pre-test, post-test and postponed post-test were the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), Potentially Harmful Behaviour (PHB) scale and the Caregiver Abuse Screen (CASE). The Group Engagement Measure (GEM) assessed the group processes at the fourth, sixth and eight group sessions. In addition, open-ended questions were used to collect qualitative data. The quantitative and qualitative evaluations indicated that both the urban and rural groups gained knowledge on aging and caregiving, and caregivers acquired vital qualities such as patience, compassion and communication skills. The process evaluation showed that caregivers from the urban group were more engaged in the group process than the rural group. Elder abuse was underreported in the study, while personal stress of caregivers reduced significantly because of the intervention. Section C consists of the summary of the most important findings and conclusions to the research study. In addition recommendations are provided. Section D consists of the annexures to the research report, such as the measuring instruments and interview schedules used for data collection. Section E contains a consolidated list of references.
PhD (Social Work), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

This thesis has been divided into two parts. The first - the theoretical part sta- tes the concept and methodology of school competence of a primary prevention worker at elementary school. The paper presents three reference frames of his wor- king - the legal framework, the framework of professional and social framework. These frameworks define specific competencies, potentials and risks in the per- formance of specialized activities in practice. General picture of the specialized activities SMPP is further elaborated in the following areas: methodology positi- ons in the school environment, the methodology and relationship with the school management , working among the pedagogical staff, the proportion of co-creation methodology for school climate and his possible influencing the climate. The text also discusses the ethics of educational and socio-educational work. Throughout following description of specific methods (social pedagogical intervention, facili- tation of communications, contract, consultation and supervision) The effect is by the potential interaction methodology at school. In conclusion, the theoretical work mentioned conflicts of children and youth with legal standards and presents the project Early Intervention System of the Ministry of Interior. The chapter on the SAHA provides data on...

博士
國立陽明大學
生物醫學資訊研究所
104
Objectives Physicians ordering contrast imaging should identify patient risks and prevent contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). Our aims were to determine (1) whether patient-specific or non-patient-specific alerts in clinical decision support system triggers higher compliance with guidelines to prevent CIN, and (2) to investigate physician responses toward false positive (FP) and true positive (TP) alerts in CDSS. Methods and results were reported separately according to aims 1 and 2. Methods (1) A 3-arm cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in university hospitals using the same computerized physician order entry. Eligible physicians were randomized to receive patient-specific alerts, non-patient-specific alerts or no intervention (groups 1-3 respectively). Patient-specific alerts automatically prompted only when CIN risk was encountered and provides patient-specific data to physicians, while non-patient-specific alerts always prompted regardless of risk without providing patient-specific data. CIN risk was stratified as high-risk, low-risk and minimal-risk according to patient’s renal function. Contrast imaging order-cancellation rate was measured as the primary outcome. Results (1) Orders for 5372 patients from 99 physicians were analyzed. Renal function and risk distributions of patients were not statistically different among groups. Order-cancellation rates were 32.1%, 14.3%, 1.7% for high risk patients, and 7.2%, 3.0%, 1.3% for low risk patients in groups 1-3, respectively. Using generalized linear model, significant order-cancellation factors in at-risk patients were non-patient-specific alert (p=0.04), patient-specific alert (p<0.0001), high CIN risk (p=0.003), and physicians with low contrast imaging ordering volume (p<0.0001). Order-cancellation effects were compared and measured by odds ratio (OR). For high risk patients, patient-specific versus non-patient-specific alerts OR was significant at 2.73 (95%CI 1.09-6.84), while patient-specific vs. control OR=28.32 (95%CI 3.21-249.65), and non-patient-specific vs. control OR=9.17 (95%CI 0.96-87.55). Methods (2) A 2-arm cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in university hospitals using the same computerized physician order entry. Eligible physicians were randomized to receive alert intervention, or no intervention (groups 1-2 respectively). The alert system embedded with a deliberately non-specific risk detection tool in order to generate TP and FP alerts. The alert system, recommending cancellation of orders, would always prompt physicians regardless of the patient being at-risk or not at-risk. CIN risk was stratified as at-risk and no- risk according to patient’s pre-existing renal function. Contrast imaging order-cancellation rate was measured as the primary outcome. Results (2) Orders for 3802 patients from 66 physicians were analyzed. Demographic data and risk distributions of patients were similar and well balanced between 2 groups. In the intervention group, a total of 1892 alerts were generated (332 TP alerts and 1560 FP alerts). Order-cancellation rates were 5.1% versus 1.4% in group 1-2 for at-risk patients (relative risk [RR]=3.64) contributed from TP alerts, and 1.0% versus 1.4% for no-risk patients (RR=0.71) contributed from FP alerts. Using generalized linear model, the FP alerts had no order-cancellation effect when compared to the control arm (adjusted OR=0.68; 95%CI, 0.35-1.33). On the contrary, the TP alerts had a strong order-cancellation effect than that of the control arm (adjusted OR=3.39; 95%CI, 0.95-11.66), which revealed a marginal trend toward significance. However, the effect was not statistically significant (adjusted OR=0.80; 95%CI, 0.46-1.43) if TP and FP alerts were mixed. Conclusions (1) Patient-specific alerts significantly outperformed non-patient-specific alerts in physician compliance with guidelines. The non-patient-specific alerts showed relatively limited clinical effectiveness. Nevertheless, when compensating between cost and clinical benefits, the values of non-patient-specific alert system cannot be totally neglected. (2) Physicians would not adopt recommendations provided by false positive alerts in patient-safety-related CDSSs. If we only report the adoption rate of CDSS as a whole without differentiation between TP and FP alerts, we would mix the effects of TP and FP alerts which may lead to an underestimation of system effectiveness.

The diploma thesis is divided into two parts. The first one is focused on burn-out syndrome charakteristic in generally. The second part is concentrated on priest´s life - with specific aspects of stress tolerance sources and supports being include. This second part is further divided into two chapters. In the first one is the problems being interpreted theoretically. The second chapter is mainly focused on my own research. In this part I wanted to find out the attitude of those ones, who are touched and involved the most - the priests.

Diploma thesis Possibilities of independence and reintegration of clients using long term transitional housing for homeless people - focusing on Prague deals with problem of barriers in a reintegration process of homeless people. It is a primarily unavailability of follow up affordable housing and non-existent system of social housing in the Czech republic. The consequence is long term remain in the transitional housing or in a hostel without possibility of full return to the society. This problem is not resolved neither providing social benefits for housing. Because often the people in need don't get them or the benefits are abused by the owners of the hostels. This metod of solving is very overpriced and unpromising for the future. The solution could be creating a system of the social housing, which would include a few levels of housing which would follow one another. The top would be an ordinary affordable housing. Integral parts of social housing are supporting social services which follow needs of each client. This diploma thesis introduces several projects which are closest to the social housing. The important part of these projects is cooperation with a local authority. There is essential interest of politicians of homelessness to support these activities and interact. For this reason the...