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1

Czuba, Beata. "Social support for veterans." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 199, no. 1 (2021): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.8106.

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The article aims to outline how mission-traumatized veterans perceive social support. Social support is an essential resource for an individual in coping with the difficulties in everyday life. The subject of the examination is quantitative research with veterans’ participation and own qualitative research – free interviews analyzed using the IPA (Individual Phenomenological Analysis) method. The obtained results indicate that social support can be considered in terms of a meta-resource that activates other vital resources of humans, thereby strengthening them in difficult situations. The expe
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2

Solmonson, Ashley, Brandon Faubert, Wen Gu, et al. "Compartmentalized metabolism supports midgestation mammalian development." Nature 604, no. 7905 (2022): 349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04557-9.

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AbstractMammalian embryogenesis requires rapid growth and proper metabolic regulation1. Midgestation features increasing oxygen and nutrient availability concomitant with fetal organ development2,3. Understanding how metabolism supports development requires approaches to observe metabolism directly in model organisms in utero. Here we used isotope tracing and metabolomics to identify evolving metabolic programmes in the placenta and embryo during midgestation in mice. These tissues differ metabolically throughout midgestation, but we pinpointed gestational days (GD) 10.5–11.5 as a transition p
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Myers, Elizabeth A., and Linda Rinaman. "Trimethylthiazoline supports conditioned flavor avoidance and activates viscerosensory, hypothalamic, and limbic circuits in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 288, no. 6 (2005): R1716—R1726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00479.2004.

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Interoceptive stimuli modulate stress responses and emotional state, in part, via ascending viscerosensory inputs to the hypothalamus and limbic forebrain. It is unclear whether similar viscerosensory pathways are recruited by emotionally salient exteroceptive stimuli, such as odors. To address this question, we investigated conditioned avoidance and central c-Fos activation patterns in rats exposed to synthetic trimethylthiazoline (TMT), an odiferous natural component of fox feces. Experiment 1 demonstrated that rats avoid consuming novel flavors that previously were paired with TMT exposure,
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4

Pollak, Shaul, Shira Omer-Bendori, Eran Even-Tov, et al. "Facultative cheating supports the coexistence of diverse quorum-sensing alleles." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 8 (2016): 2152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1520615113.

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Bacterial quorum sensing enables bacteria to cooperate in a density-dependent manner via the group-wide secretion and detection of specific autoinducer molecules. Many bacterial species show high intraspecific diversity of autoinducer–receptor alleles, called pherotypes. The autoinducer produced by one pherotype activates its coencoded receptor, but not the receptor of another pherotype. It is unclear what selection forces drive the maintenance of pherotype diversity. Here, we use the ComQXPA system of Bacillus subtilis as a model system, to show that pherotype diversity can be maintained by f
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Fraser, Lynn R. "Strontium supports capacitation and the acrosome reaction in mouse sperm and rapidly activates mouse eggs." Gamete Research 18, no. 4 (1987): 363–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120180410.

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6

Grisan, Francesca, Martina Spacci, Carlotta Paoli, et al. "Cholesterol Activates Cyclic AMP Signaling in Metaplastic Acinar Cells." Metabolites 11, no. 3 (2021): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11030141.

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Cholesterol is a non-essential metabolite that exerts both structural and signaling functions. However, cholesterol biosynthesis is elevated, and actively supports, pancreatic carcinogenesis. Our previous work showed that statins block the reprogramming of mutant KRAS-expressing acinar cells, that spontaneously undergo a metaplastic event termed acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) to initiate carcinogenesis. Here we tested the impact of cholesterol supplementation on isolated primary wild-type acinar cells and observed enhanced ductal transdifferentiation, associated with generation of the secon
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Wu, Sheng-Shiung, Sing-Jie Jong, Kai Hu, and Jiann-Ming Wu. "Learning Neural Representations and Local Embedding for Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction Mapping." Mathematics 9, no. 9 (2021): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9091017.

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This work explores neural approximation for nonlinear dimensionality reduction mapping based on internal representations of graph-organized regular data supports. Given training observations are assumed as a sample from a high-dimensional space with an embedding low-dimensional manifold. An approximating function consisting of adaptable built-in parameters is optimized subject to given training observations by the proposed learning process, and verified for transformation of novel testing observations to images in the low-dimensional output space. Optimized internal representations sketch grap
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8

Kolańczyk, Alina. "When Affect Supports Cognitive Control – A Working Memory Perspective." Polish Psychological Bulletin 47, no. 1 (2016): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ppb-2016-0004.

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Abstract The paper delineates a study of executive functions (EFs), construed as procedural working memory (WM), from a motivational perspective. Since WM theories and motivation theories are both concerned with purposive activity, the role of implicit evaluations (affects) observed in goal pursuit can be anticipated to arise also in the context of cognitive control, e.g., during the performance of the Stroop task. The role of positive and negative affect in goal pursuit consists in controlling attention resources according to the goal and situational requirements. Positive affect serves to ma
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Rafei, Moutih, Alexandre Rouette, Sylvie Brochu, Juan Ruiz Vanegas та Claude Perreault. "Differential effects of γc cytokines on postselection differentiation of CD8 thymocytes". Blood 121, № 1 (2013): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-05-433508.

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Abstract The primary consequence of positive selection is to render thymocytes responsive to cytokines and chemokines expressed in the thymic medulla. In the present study, our main objective was to discover which cytokines could support the differentiation of positively selected thymocytes. To this end, we have developed an in vitro model suitable for high-throughput analyses of positive selection and CD8 T-cell differentiation. The model involves coculture of TCRhiCD5intCD69− double-positive (DP) thymocytes with peptide-pulsed OP9 cells and γc-cytokines. We report that IL-4, IL-7, and IL-21
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Shih, Han-Yu, William Olcott, and Michael Krangel. "Chromatin conformations and contacts that support Tcra/d locus rearrangement (62.2)." Journal of Immunology 186, no. 1_Supplement (2011): 62.2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.62.2.

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Abstract The Tcra/d locus rearranges in DN thymocytes to assemble Tcrd genes and in DP thymocytes to assemble Tcra genes. We used 3D-FISH to show that the 3’ portion of the locus is contracted in both DN and DP thymocytes, whereas the 5’ portion is contracted in DN but decontracts in DP thymocytes. We proposed that the fully contracted conformation in DN thymocytes allows dispersed Vαs to be used in a single round of Vδ-Dδ-Jδ rearrangement, whereas the 3’-contracted, 5’-decontracted conformation in DP thymocytes allows for multiple rounds of Vα-to-Jα rearrangement initiating with 3' Vαs. For h
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11

Xiong, Ying, Liqing Fan, Yan Hao, et al. "Physiological and genetic convergence supports hypoxia resistance in high-altitude songbirds." PLOS Genetics 16, no. 12 (2020): e1009270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009270.

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Skeletal muscle plays a central role in regulating glucose uptake and body metabolism; however, highland hypoxia is a severe challenge to aerobic metabolism in small endotherms. Therefore, understanding the physiological and genetic convergence of muscle hypoxia tolerance has a potential broad range of medical implications. Here we report and experimentally validate a common physiological mechanism across multiple high-altitude songbirds that improvement in insulin sensitivity contributes to glucose homeostasis, low oxygen consumption, and relative activity, and thus increases body weight. By
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Celenza, James. "Protecting Disaster Site, Support, and Recovery Workers." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 18, no. 3 (2008): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ns.18.3.f.

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When a disaster strikes, FEMA activates the worker safety and health provisions (annex document) of the National Response Plan (NRP). The annex describes actions needed to ensure that threats to safety and health are recognized, evaluated, and controlled consistently so that responders are properly protected during incident management operations. The activation of the Worker Safety and Health Annex gives the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) the responsibility to coordinate a comprehensive response involving federal, state, and local agencies and private-sector organizations
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Stone, S., M. Sacher, Y. Mao, et al. "Bet1p activates the v-SNARE Bos1p." Molecular Biology of the Cell 8, no. 7 (1997): 1175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.8.7.1175.

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Bet1p is a type II membrane protein that is required for vesicular transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A domain of Bet1p, that shows potential to be involved in a coiled-coil interaction, is homologous to a region of the neuronal protein SNAP-25. Here, we used in vitro binding studies to demonstrate that Bet1p plays a role in potentiating soluble NSF attachment protein receptor (SNARE) interactions. Mutational analysis points to the coiled-coil region as necessary for Bet1p function, and circular dichroism experiments support thi
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Tukachinsky, Hanna, Lyle V. Lopez, and Adrian Salic. "A mechanism for vertebrate Hedgehog signaling: recruitment to cilia and dissociation of SuFu–Gli protein complexes." Journal of Cell Biology 191, no. 2 (2010): 415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201004108.

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In vertebrates, Hedgehog (Hh) signaling initiated in primary cilia activates the membrane protein Smoothened (Smo) and leads to activation of Gli proteins, the transcriptional effectors of the pathway. In the absence of signaling, Gli proteins are inhibited by the cytoplasmic protein Suppressor of Fused (SuFu). It is unclear how Hh activates Gli and whether it directly regulates SuFu. We find that Hh stimulation quickly recruits endogenous SuFu–Gli complexes to cilia, suggesting a model in which Smo activates Gli by relieving inhibition by SuFu. In support of this model, we find that Hh causes
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15

Gil-Henn, Hava, та Ari Elson. "Tyrosine Phosphatase-ε Activates Src and Supports the Transformed Phenotype of Neu-induced Mammary Tumor Cells". Journal of Biological Chemistry 278, № 18 (2003): 15579–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m210273200.

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Baek, Jung-Hwan, Seok-Jun Kim, Hyeok Gu Kang та ін. "Galectin-3 Activates PPARγ and Supports White Adipose Tissue Formation and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity". Endocrinology 156, № 1 (2015): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2014-1374.

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17

Rio, Danila Del, Valentina Caprara, Ilenia Masi, et al. "Abstract 6137: Tumor-derived endothelin-1 recruits and activates fibroblasts to support tumor aggressiveness." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 6137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-6137.

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Abstract The recruitment of fibroblasts to tumor and their activation to cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) is an exploited strategy used by tumor to guide matrix remodeling, supporting cancer invasion and metastatic disease. CAFs are the major effectors of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling through secretion of collagens, cross-linking enzymes and proteases, and in turn engagement of integrins. Although several tumor cell-secreted factors have been identified in generating tumor-promoting stroma, there has been a great interest to define factors and associated molecular mechanisms involve
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18

Mayer, Sabrina Jasmin, and Christoph Giang Nguyen. "Angry Reactionary Narcissists? Anger Activates the Link Between Narcissism and Right-Populist Party Support." Politics and Governance 9, no. 3 (2021): 248–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/pag.v9i3.4000.

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Even though previous research connected personality traits and support for radical-right populist parties (RRP), the question of which mechanisms connect these concepts is still underexplored. In particular, we focus on narcissistic rivalry, a maladaptive path of grandiose narcissism. Drawing on the affective intelligence framework and the narcissistic admiration and rivalry concept, we propose that the effect of rival narcissism on vote choice for the German Alternative für Deutschland is mediated by reactionary political orientations and activated by anger. Drawing on 2017 data from the mixe
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19

Ang, M. L., J. T. Miller, Y. Cui, L. Mo, and S. Kawi. "Bimetallic Ni–Cu alloy nanoparticles supported on silica for the water-gas shift reaction: activating surface hydroxyls via enhanced CO adsorption." Catalysis Science & Technology 6, no. 10 (2016): 3394–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cy01885d.

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20

Shalgimbekova, Kenzhegul, Tatyana Smagliy, Bibigul Utegenova, and Shnar Demisenova. "ORGANIZATION OF SOCIAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT FOR ORPHANS IN FOSTER CARE FAMILIES." 3i intellect idea innovation - интеллект идея инновация 2 (2023): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52269/22266070_2023_2_241.

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This article reveals the study relevance of the socio-pedagogical support for orphans in foster care families’ problem, reveals the essence of a comprehensive axiological approach as a theoretical and methodological strategy for research, describes the leading concepts: "foster care," "socio-pedagogical support." The technique that activates social and pedagogical support for orphans in foster care families has become the goal of experimental work, which has a theoretical justification. During the experiment, such tasks were solved: checking the effectiveness of socio-pedagogical support for o
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21

Hughes, Craig E., Alice Y. Pollitt, Jun Mori, et al. "CLEC-2 activates Syk through dimerization." Blood 115, no. 14 (2010): 2947–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-08-237834.

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Abstract The C-type lectin receptor CLEC-2 activates platelets through Src and Syk tyrosine kinases, leading to tyrosine phosphorylation of downstream adapter proteins and effector enzymes, including phospholipase-C γ2. Signaling is initiated through phosphorylation of a single conserved tyrosine located in a YxxL sequence in the CLEC-2 cytosolic tail. The signaling pathway used by CLEC-2 shares many similarities with that used by receptors that have 1 or more copies of an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif, defined by the sequence Yxx(L/I)x6-12Yxx(L/I), in their cytosolic tails or
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Obsilova, Veronika, Karolina Honzejkova, and Tomas Obsil. "Structural Insights Support Targeting ASK1 Kinase for Therapeutic Interventions." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 24 (2021): 13395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413395.

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Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase (ASK) 1, a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K) family, modulates diverse responses to oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and calcium influx. As a crucial cellular stress sensor, ASK1 activates c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and p38 MAPKs. Their excessive and sustained activation leads to cell death, inflammation and fibrosis in various tissues and is implicated in the development of many neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, in addition
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Johnston, Benjamin P., Eric S. Pringle, and Craig McCormick. "KSHV Activates Unfolded Protein Response Sensors but Suppresses Downstream Transcriptional Responses to Support Lytic Replication." Proceedings 50, no. 1 (2020): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020050116.

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Herpesviruses usurp host cell protein synthesis machinery to convert viral mRNAs into proteins, and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to ensure the proper folding, post-translational modification and trafficking of secreted and transmembrane viral proteins. Overloading the ER folding capacity activates the unfolded protein response (UPR), whereby sensor proteins, ATF6, PERK and IRE1, initiate a stress-mitigating transcription program that accelerates the catabolism of misfolded proteins, while increasing the ER folding capacity. Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) can be reactivated fr
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Johnston, Benjamin P., Eric S. Pringle, and Craig McCormick. "KSHV activates unfolded protein response sensors but suppresses downstream transcriptional responses to support lytic replication." PLOS Pathogens 15, no. 12 (2019): e1008185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008185.

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Figl, Marianne, Clémence Jacquemin, Laure Perrin-Cocon, Patrice Andre, Vincent Lotteau, and Olivier Diaz. "SAT-390-Dengue virus protein NS3 activates hexokinase activity in hepatocytes to support virus replication." Journal of Hepatology 70, no. 1 (2019): e805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0618-8278(19)31609-3.

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Cheon, Bobby, and Gianluca Esposito. "Brief Exposure to Infants Activates Social and Intergroup Vigilance." Behavioral Sciences 10, no. 4 (2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs10040072.

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Among humans, simply looking at infants can activate affiliative and nurturant behaviors. However, it remains unknown whether mere exposure to infants also activates other aspects of the caregiving motivational system, such as generalized defensiveness in the absence of immediate threats. Here, we demonstrate that simply viewing faces of infants (especially from the ingroup) may heighten vigilance against social threats and support for institutions that purportedly maintain security. Across two studies, participants viewed and rated one among several image types (between-subjects design): Infa
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Armendariz Miranda, Paula, and Matthew Cawvey. "Introverted and Closed-Minded: The Psychological Roots of Support for Autocracy in Latin America." Journal of Politics in Latin America 13, no. 1 (2021): 40–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1866802x21991261.

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What activates individuals’ support for autocratic governments? Some suggest that the answer is perceptions of increased corruption and/or poor economic performance. We do not dispute this explanation but instead contend that it depends on individual differences in personality. We hypothesise that introverted and closed-minded citizens are generally resistant to democracy. When democracies appear unable to address problems, introverted and closed-minded citizens defer to authoritarian leaders for efficient solutions. We test our hypotheses with cross-national survey data from Latin America. Ou
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Jun, Jesse E., Kayla R. Kulhanek, Hang Chen, Arup Chakraborty, and Jeroen P. Roose. "Alternative ZAP70-p38 signals prime a classical p38 pathway through LAT and SOS to support regulatory T cell differentiation." Science Signaling 12, no. 591 (2019): eaao0736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.aao0736.

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T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation activates diverse kinase pathways, which include the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) ERK and p38, the phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks), and the kinase mTOR. Although TCR stimulation activates the p38 pathway through a “classical” MAPK cascade that is mediated by the adaptor protein LAT, it also stimulates an “alternative” pathway in which p38 is activated by the kinase ZAP70. Here, we used dual-parameter, phosphoflow cytometry and in silico computation to investigate how both classical and alternative p38 pathways contribute to T cell activation. W
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Moldakarimov, Samat, Maxim Bazhenov, Daniel E. Feldman, and Terrence J. Sejnowski. "Structured networks support sparse traveling waves in rodent somatosensory cortex." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 20 (2018): 5277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1710202115.

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Neurons responding to different whiskers are spatially intermixed in the superficial layer 2/3 (L2/3) of the rodent barrel cortex, where a single whisker deflection activates a sparse, distributed neuronal population that spans multiple cortical columns. How the superficial layer of the rodent barrel cortex is organized to support such distributed sensory representations is not clear. In a computer model, we tested the hypothesis that sensory representations in L2/3 of the rodent barrel cortex are formed by activity propagation horizontally within L2/3 from a site of initial activation. The mo
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Sharma, Balkrishan, Duaa Mureb, Sumit Murab, et al. "Fibrinogen Activates FAK to Promote the Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Growth." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-130497.

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Along with other proteins in the coagulation cascade, including tissue factor and thrombin, fibrinogen has been shown to promote tumor metastasis across numerous cancer types. However, the role of fibrin(ogen) in primary tumor growth is context dependent and not universally important. One cancer strongly dependent on fibrin(ogen) for primary tumor growth is colorectal cancer (CRC), but the mechanisms by which fibrinogen supports colon cancer growth are not well understood. To delineate the mechanism of fibrin(ogen)-supported tumor growth, we implanted C57BL/6-derived murine colon cancer cells
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Fehrmann, Frauke, David J. Klumpp, and Laimonis A. Laimins. "Human Papillomavirus Type 31 E5 Protein Supports Cell Cycle Progression and Activates Late Viral Functions upon Epithelial Differentiation." Journal of Virology 77, no. 5 (2003): 2819–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.5.2819-2831.2003.

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ABSTRACT The function of the E5 protein of human papillomaviruses (HPV) is not well characterized, and controversies exist about its role in the viral life cycle. To determine the function of E5 within the life cycle of HPV type 31 (HPV31) we first constructed HPV31 mutant genomes that contained an altered AUG initiation codon or stop codons in E5. Cell lines were established which harbored transfected wild-type or E5 mutant HPV31 genomes. These cell lines all maintained episomal copies of HPV31 and revealed similar phenotypes with respect to growth rate, early gene expression, and viral copy
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Fong, David, Martine Bisson, Gino Laberge, et al. "Bone morphogenetic protein-9 activates Smad and ERK pathways and supports human osteoclast function and survival in vitro." Cellular Signalling 25, no. 4 (2013): 717–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.12.003.

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Ordentlich, Peter, Arthur Lin, Chun-Pyn Shen, et al. "Notch Inhibition of E47 Supports the Existence of a Novel Signaling Pathway." Molecular and Cellular Biology 18, no. 4 (1998): 2230–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.18.4.2230.

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ABSTRACT E47 is a widely expressed transcription factor that activates B-cell-specific immunoglobulin gene transcription and is required for early B-cell development. In an effort to identify processes that regulate E47, and potentially B-cell development, we found that activated Notch1 and Notch2 effectively inhibit E47 activity. Only the intact E47 protein was inhibited by Notch—fusion proteins containing isolated DNA binding and activation domains were unaffected—suggesting that Notch targets an atypical E47 cofactor. Although overexpression of the coactivator p300 partially reversed E47 in
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Chen, Kai, Yuhan Zheng, Ji-an Wei, et al. "Exercise training improves motor skill learning via selective activation of mTOR." Science Advances 5, no. 7 (2019): eaaw1888. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw1888.

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Physical exercise improves learning and memory, but little in vivo evidence has been provided to illustrate the molecular mechanisms. Here, we show that chronic treadmill exercise activates the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in mouse motor cortex. Both ex vivo and in vivo recordings suggest that mTOR activation leads to potentiated postsynaptic excitation and enhanced neuronal activity of layer 5 pyramidal neurons after exercise, in association with increased oligodendrogenesis and axonal myelination. Exercise training also increases dendritic spine formation and motor learning
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Li, Lingchang, Haiyan Wang, Jun Qian, et al. "FuFangChangTai Decoction Activates Macrophages via Inducing Autophagy." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 (June 12, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5657035.

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The traditional Chinese medicine decoction FuFangChangTai (FFCT) has been used in the therapy of colon cancer clinically, yielding alleviated toxicity and enhanced immunity. In our previous study, FFCT exerted its antitumor activity not only by inducing apoptosis but also by activating autophagy to eliminate tumor cells. However, its mechanism is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between macrophages activation and FFCT-induced autophagy. Results showed that FFCT could induce autophagy in colon cancer, as demonstrated by increased level of intrac
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Hasani, Sumati, Lyndsay E. Young, Moumita Banerjee, et al. "Abstract 4837: Inhibition of mitochondrial fission activates glycogen storage to support cell survival in colon cancer." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (2023): 4837. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-4837.

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Abstract Metabolic reprogramming has been increasingly recognized as one of the major mechanisms that fuels tumorigenesis and disease progression. Our previous studies have shown that in response to fatty acid uptake, colon cancer cells activate mitochondrial fission to support fatty acid oxidation and downstream Wnt signaling. Given the potential benefit of inhibiting mitochondrial fission, Dynamin-Related Protein 1 (Drp1), a pro-fission factor, has become an attractive target for developing anticancer agents. Here we investigated the role of Drp1 in promoting metabolic adaptation in colon ca
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Al Kafri, Nour, and Sassan Hafizi. "Tumour-Secreted Protein S (ProS1) Activates a Tyro3-Erk Signalling Axis and Protects Cancer Cells from Apoptosis." Cancers 11, no. 12 (2019): 1843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11121843.

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The TAM subfamily (Tyro3, Axl, MerTK) of receptor tyrosine kinases are implicated in several cancers, where they have been shown to support primary tumorigenesis as well as secondary resistance to cancer therapies. Relatively little is known about the oncogenic role of Tyro3, including its ligand selectivity and signalling in cancer cells. Tyro3 showed widespread protein and mRNA expression in a variety of human cancer cell lines. In SCC-25 head and neck cancer cells expressing both Tyro3 and Axl, Western blotting showed that both natural TAM ligands ProS1 and Gas6 rapidly stimulated Tyro3 and
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Speer, Nicole K., Jeremy R. Reynolds, Khena M. Swallow, and Jeffrey M. Zacks. "Reading Stories Activates Neural Representations of Visual and Motor Experiences." Psychological Science 20, no. 8 (2009): 989–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02397.x.

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To understand and remember stories, readers integrate their knowledge of the world with information in the text. Here we present functional neuroimaging evidence that neural systems track changes in the situation described by a story. Different brain regions track different aspects of a story, such as a character's physical location or current goals. Some of these regions mirror those involved when people perform, imagine, or observe similar real-world activities. These results support the view that readers understand a story by simulating the events in the story world and updating their simul
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Lulli, Matteo, Lorenzo Cavallini, Laura Gragnani, et al. "THU-447-DNA damage response CHK2 activates senescence cellular program and supports oxidative metabolism to drive hepatocellular carcinoma development." Journal of Hepatology 70, no. 1 (2019): e355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0618-8278(19)30694-2.

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Huang, R. P., J. X. Wu, Y. Fan, and E. D. Adamson. "UV activates growth factor receptors via reactive oxygen intermediates." Journal of Cell Biology 133, no. 1 (1996): 211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.133.1.211.

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Exposure of mammalian cells to UV irradiation induces rapid and transient expression of early growth response-1 gene (Egr-1) encoding a transcription factor that plays a role in cell survival. These signals from the irradiated cell surface are likely to involve more than one pathway, and we show here that an essential pathway involves activation of several growth factor receptors by reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI). UVC irradiation causes the tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptor (EGFR) in mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and HC11 mouse mammary cells. EGFR activation by irradiation of cells is
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Grishko, Valentina, Viktor Pastukh, Viktoriya Solodushko, Mark Gillespie, Junichi Azuma, and Stephen Schaffer. "Apoptotic cascade initiated by angiotensin II in neonatal cardiomyocytes: role of DNA damage." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 285, no. 6 (2003): H2364—H2372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00408.2003.

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Angiotensin II contributes to ventricular remodeling by promoting both cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis; however, the mechanism underlying the latter phenomenon is poorly understood. One possibility that has been advanced is that angiotensin II activates NADPH oxidase, generating free radicals that trigger apoptosis. In apparent support of this notion, it was found that angiotensin II-mediated apoptosis in the cardiomyocyte is blocked by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenylene iodonium. However, three lines of evidence suggest that peroxynitrite, rather than superoxide, is responsible for ang
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Mao, Kairui, Antonio Baptista, Nicolas Bouladoux, et al. "Sequential activity of innate and adaptive lymphocytes supports non-inflammatory gut microbial commensalism." Journal of Immunology 198, no. 1_Supplement (2017): 200.14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.200.14.

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Abstract The mammalian gut is colonized by trillions of microorganisms termed the “microbiota”, which have a mutually beneficial relationship with their host. In normal individuals, the gut microbiota matures after birth to a state of balanced commensalism that is marked by the absence of adverse inflammation. Both innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and antigen-specific conventional T cells contribute to containment and clearance of microbial pathogens. But how these two major lymphoid cell populations help shape the mature commensal (non-pathogenic) microbiome and maintain tissue homeostasis has no
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Ozkul, Burcu, Cemre Candemir, Kaya Oguz, et al. "Gradual Loss of Social Group Support during Competition Activates Anterior TPJ and Insula but Deactivates Default Mode Network." Brain Sciences 13, no. 11 (2023): 1509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13111509.

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Group forming behaviors are common in many species to overcome environmental challenges. In humans, bonding, trust, group norms, and a shared past increase consolidation of social groups. Being a part of a social group increases resilience to mental stress; conversely, its loss increases vulnerability to depression. However, our knowledge on how social group support affects brain functions is limited. This study observed that default mode network (DMN) activity reduced with the loss of social group support from real-life friends in a challenging social competition. The loss of support induced
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Luo, Min, Elle C. Flood, Dena Almeida, et al. "Annexin A2 supports pulmonary microvascular integrity by linking vascular endothelial cadherin and protein tyrosine phosphatases." Journal of Experimental Medicine 214, no. 9 (2017): 2535–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20160652.

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Relative or absolute hypoxia activates signaling pathways that alter gene expression and stabilize the pulmonary microvasculature. Alveolar hypoxia occurs in disorders ranging from altitude sickness to airway obstruction, apnea, and atelectasis. Here, we report that the phospholipid-binding protein, annexin A2 (ANXA2) functions to maintain vascular integrity in the face of alveolar hypoxia. We demonstrate that microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) from Anxa2−/− mice display reduced barrier function and excessive Src-related tyrosine phosphorylation of the adherens junction protein vascular end
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Carpino, Nick, William E. Thierfelder, Ming-shi Chang, et al. "Absence of an Essential Role for Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Receptor in Murine B-Cell Development." Molecular and Cellular Biology 24, no. 6 (2004): 2584–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.24.6.2584-2592.2004.

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ABSTRACT The murine cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) supports the development of B220+ IgM+ immature B cells and induces thymocyte proliferation in vitro. Human TSLP, by contrast, activates CD11c+ dendritic cells, but not B or T cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that the receptor for TSLP consists of a heterodimer of the interleukin 7 (IL-7) α chain and a novel protein that resembles the hematopoietic cytokine receptor common γ chain. We examined signal transduction by the γ-like chains using chimeric receptor proteins. The cytoplasmic domain of the human, but not of the muri
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Bhatt, Jay M., William Hancock, Justyna M. Meissner, et al. "Promiscuity of the catalytic Sec7 domain within the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1 in ARF activation, Golgi homeostasis, and effector recruitment." Molecular Biology of the Cell 30, no. 12 (2019): 1523–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e18-11-0711.

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The integrity of the Golgi and trans-Golgi network (TGN) is disrupted by brefeldin A (BFA), which inhibits the Golgi-localized BFA-sensitive factor (GBF1) and brefeldin A–inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange factors (BIG1 and BIG2). Using a cellular replacement assay to assess GBF1 functionality without interference from the BIGs, we show that GBF1 alone maintains Golgi architecture; facilitates secretion; activates ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF)1, 3, 4, and 5; and recruits ARF effectors to Golgi membranes. Unexpectedly, GBF1 also supports TGN integrity and recruits numerous TGN-localized ARF
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Zhang, Peng, Chun Yang, and Rona J. Delay. "Urine Stimulation Activates BK Channels in Mouse Vomeronasal Neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 100, no. 4 (2008): 1824–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.90555.2008.

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Most odor responses in mouse vomeronasal neurons are mediated by the phospholipase C (PLC) pathway, activation of which elevates diacylglycerol (DAG). Lucas et al. showed that DAG activates transient receptor potential channels, subfamily C, member 2 (TRPC2), resulting in a depolarizing Ca2+ influx. DAG can be subsequently converted to arachidonic acid (AA) by a DAG lipase, the role of which remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that urine stimulation of vomeronasal neurons activated large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels via AA production. Using isolated neurons, we demo
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Dabiri, Minoo, Hassan Fazli, Neda Salarinejad, and Siyavash Kazemi Movahed. "Pd nanoparticles supported on cubic shaped ZIF-based materials and their catalytic activates in organic reactions." Materials Research Bulletin 133 (January 2021): 111015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2020.111015.

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Kamal, Ahmad M., Richard P. G. Hayhoe, Anbalakan Paramasivam, et al. "Antiflammin-2 Activates the Human Formyl-Peptide Receptor Like 1." Scientific World JOURNAL 6 (2006): 1375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2006.247.

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The anti-inflammatory actions of the nonapeptide antiflammin-2, identified by homology with uteroglobin and annexin-A1 sequences, have been described in some detail, yet its mechanisms of action remain elusive. Since recent data indicate an involvement of the formyl peptide receptor (FPR)-like 1 (or FPRL-1) in the effects of annexin-A1, we have tested here the effect of antiflammin-2 with respect to this receptor family. Using HEK-293 cells expressing either human FPR and FPRL-1, and an annexin-A1 peptide as tracer ([125I-Tyr]-Ac2-26), we found that antiflammin-2 competed for binding only at F
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Li, Weiyan, Christopher Thaler, and Paul Brehm. "Calcium Channels in Xenopus Spinal Neurons Differ in Somas and Presynaptic Terminals." Journal of Neurophysiology 86, no. 1 (2001): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.86.1.269.

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Calcium channels play dual roles in cell signaling by promoting membrane depolarization and allowing entry of calcium ions. Patch-clamp recordings of calcium and calcium-dependent currents from the soma of Xenopus spinal neurons indicate key functional differences from those of presynaptic terminals. Both terminals and somas exhibit prominent high-voltage-activated (HVA) calcium current, but only the soma expresses additional low-voltage-activated (LVA) T-type current. Further differences are reflected in the HVA current; N- and R-type channels are predominant in the soma while the terminal ca
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