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Academic literature on the topic 'Supraconductivité, champ critique'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Supraconductivité, champ critique"
Benkel, Tara. "Contribution à la conception et réalisation d’un insert supraconducteur haute température critique pour l’obtention de champ magnétique intense." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT009/document.
Full textRecent improvements in High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) make them promising for large scale applications. They show astonishing properties, especially at very low temperature where they are able to carry high amount of current. These conductors are also built on a nickel alloy substrate allowing them to face severe mechanical stresses. For these reasons, HTS are now placed at the heart of numerous projects for building a next generation of high field magnets. This work is conducted in the NOUGAT project, which intends to design and build a 10 T HTS insert working in a 20 T background field. Despite their outstanding properties, HTS conductors show strong inhomogeneities in their performance along their length. This added to their high heat capacity can be at the origin of local hot spots. The transition to a dissipative state on this local area is then difficult to detect; because of the low speed of its propagation. The transition signal is likely to be lost in the high noise level environment, which can lead the winding to severe or irreversible damages.One way of dealing with this problem is to create coils where the electric insulation is removed and replaced by a metallic layer, the so-called Metal-as-Insulation winding technique. In this configuration and in a case of an inhomogeneity, the current bypasses through the turn-to-turn contact resistance and prevents the winding from burning. However, in such kind of winding field stability and linearity can be an issue. The slower dynamics obtained with this method prevent its use in some applications.The main focus of this work is therefore insulated coils especially the study of the transition behaviour to explore the possibility of reliable protections. In the same extend, the present work also considers safe ways to evaluate the performance of a wound sample in order for it to work with appropriate margins when at nominal operating conditions. This would decrease the need of a strong detection/protection system: the high heat capacity of the conductor makes windings unlikely to be damaged by an outside event.For practical reasons, the NOUGAT project will be built using MI technique, and therefore some MI coils results are presented in this work for comparison purpose. In a first step, the general design constrains for the NOUGAT project insert are defined, especially tape requirements and performance calculations. This underlines the necessity of characterizing the HTS conductor under high field and at low temperature, under conditions similar to the expected operation of the final insert prototype.In a second step, this experimental short sample characterization is implemented in a model to simulate the behaviour of pancake coils designed to build magnet. The aim of the model is to investigate on the transition start and propagation inside the winding. One of the main specificities is the simulation of the whole winding taking as an input the continuous critical current density measurement given by the providers at 77 K, self-field.The last axis of this work is the study of several wound samples allowing comparison between both insulated and metallic insulated windings. Their electric, magnetic, mechanic and thermal behaviours are examined as well as the coupling issues while working inside an outer magnet. Experimental results are compared to preliminary calculations and modelling results. An experimental protocol to safely evaluate coil performance margins is also proposed and tested successfully.Conclusions are then drawn about the possibility to operate safely full scale HTS magnets with present day conductor performances
Howald, Ludovic. "Interactions entre la supraconductivité et la criticité quantique, dans les composés CeCoIn5, URhGe et UCoGe." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00584598.
Full textMéasson, Marie-Aude. "La skutterudite PrOs4Sb12 : supraconductivité et corrélations." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012062.
Full textde la masse des quasi-particules, la nature et le mécanisme à l'origine de la supraconductivité et la nature intrinsèque ou extrinsèque de la double transition supraconductrice vue en chaleur spécifique.
Nous proposons une interpolation de la chaleur spécifique en phase normale en tenant compte des interactions magnétiques entre ions Pr. Nous extrayons alors un terme électronique de chaleur spécifique compris entre 300 et 750mJ/K2.mol(Pr). L'analyse du saut en chaleur spécifique à la transition supraconductrice confirme que les quasi-particules lourdes sont impliquées dans la supraconductivité et que la supraconductivité est en régime de couplage fort. Des caractérisations systématiques par chaleur spécifique, résistivité et susceptibilité indiquent que la double transition apparaît dans les meilleurs échantillons. Néanmoins nous apportons les premiers doutes sérieux sur sa nature intrinsèque, parce que nous avons trouvé plusieurs échantillons avec une unique transition étroite et parce qu'une forte dispersion dans la valeur du rapport des deux sauts en chaleur spécifique a été mise en évidence. De plus, en établissant les diagrammes de phase supraconducteurs sous champ magnétique et sous pression jusqu'à 4.2 GPa par chaleur spécifique alternative, nous montrons que les deux transitions
supraconductrices Tc1 et Tc2 présentent des comportements similaires. Nous avançons l'hypothèse que le fort changement dans l'évolution des Tc sous pression au dessus de 2 GPa est dû à un changement de nature de la supraconductivité (impliquant des fluctuations puis uniquement phononique à respectivement basse et haute pression) en lien avec l'augmentation du gap de champ cristallin des ions Pr sous pression. L'analyse du second champ critique Hc2(T) montrent la présence d'au moins deux bandes supraconductrices et conclue à la nature singulet du spin des paires de Cooper. Une forte distorsion du réseau de vortex, constante avec le champ et la température, est obtenue par diffraction de neutrons. Des mesures supplémentaires ou un nouveau calcul seraient nécessaires pour trancher entre une explication basée sur la présence de zéros dans le gap supraconducteur et une analyse basée sur la topologie de la surface de Fermi en symétrie Th.
Cheggour, Najib. "Etude en champ magnétique intense des oxydes supraconducteurs (TR)Ba2Cu3O7-delta (TR = Gd, Dy, Y) : influence de la terre rare et de la teneur en oxygène sur la température de transition et le champ magnétique critique." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30202.
Full textLévy, Florence. "Etude de la coexistence de la supraconductivité et du ferromagnétisme dans le composé URhGe." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10166.
Full textAs ferromagnetism and superconductivity are usually considered to be antagonistic, the discovery of their coexistence in UGe2 and URhGe has attracted a lot of interest. The mechanism to explain such a state has, however, not yet been fully elucidated. In these compounds superconductivity may be unconventional : Cooper pairs could be formed by electrons with parallel spins and magnetic fluctuations might be involved in the pairing mechanism. This thesis deals with the study of the ferromagnet superconductor URhGe. URhGe becomes ferromagnetic below a Curie temperature of 9. 5 K, with a spontaneous moment aligned to the c-axis of its orthorhombic crystal structure. For temperatures below 260 mK and fields lower than 2 Tesla, superconductivity was first observed in 2001. The thesis reports the discovery of a second pocket of superconductivity. This new pocket of superconductivity appears in single crystals at higher fields applied close to the b-axis, enveloping a sudden magnetic moment rotation transition at HR=12 Tesla. Detailed studies of the field induced metamagnetic transition and superconductivity are presented. This work suggests that there is a quantum critical point in the magnetic phase diagram. The role of the magnetic fluctuations emerging from this quantum critical point to the pairing mechanism giving superconductivity is discussed
Rodière, Pierre. "Supraconductivité et magnétisme dans le composé à électrons fortement corrélés UPt3." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10025.
Full textAkaaboune, Nor-Eddine. "Diagramme de phase (H, T) du supraconducteur organique (TMTSF)2ClO4 faiblement désordonné." Paris 11, 2002. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002215.
Full textThe present thesis work, was focusing in particular, on the superconducting state of quasi one dimensional organic conductor (TMTSF)2ClO4. We have determined a new vortex phase diagram of this compound, by interlayer transport measurement, performed under magnetic field applied perpendicular to the layers. Starting from an analysis of the critical current and the superconducting fluctuations, we have demonstrated that the electronic structure of (TMTSF)2ClO4 is three dimensional in nature and the transport along the weakest conductivity axis (c-axis) is very coherent although the coupling is weak in this direction. In the mixed state, the pinning energy in the liquid phase shows a 1/H dependence which corresponds to the plastic bending of the flux line lattice. Finally, we have also studied the effect of the disorder introduced by different thermal cooling rates. Our results show strong modifications on the superconducting parameters
Zhang, Chaowu. "Etude de l'optimisation et de la cinétique de formation de conducteurs supraconducteurs Nb3Sn obtenus par la méthode de l'étain interne." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00178091.
Full textL'épaisseur de la couche de la phase A15 mesurée dans différents monofilaments a permis de déterminer la loi de cinétique de formation selon deux modèles. Les résultats ont clairement montré que le modèle de diffusion en phase solide est en accord avec une loi de puissance n et que la valeur de n augmente avec la température de traitement et le taux d'étain dans le fil composite.
Spathis, Panayotis. "Couplage interplan dans Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+∂ : effet du désordre et du champ magnétique." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00465554.
Full textCollignon, Clément. "De la densité des fluides électroniques dans deux oxydes supraconducteurs." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11636.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Supraconductivité, champ critique"
"6.7 - Champ critique Hc2." In Supraconductivité, 136–37. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-0858-8-056.
Full text"6.7 - Champ critique Hc2." In Supraconductivité, 136–37. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-0858-8.c056.
Full text"5.9 - Courant critique d’un fil plongé dans un champ magnétique." In Supraconductivité, 112–14. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-0858-8-048.
Full text"5.9 - Courant critique d’un fil plongé dans un champ magnétique." In Supraconductivité, 112–14. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-0858-8.c048.
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