Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Supraconductivité, champ critique'
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Benkel, Tara. "Contribution à la conception et réalisation d’un insert supraconducteur haute température critique pour l’obtention de champ magnétique intense." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT009/document.
Full textRecent improvements in High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) make them promising for large scale applications. They show astonishing properties, especially at very low temperature where they are able to carry high amount of current. These conductors are also built on a nickel alloy substrate allowing them to face severe mechanical stresses. For these reasons, HTS are now placed at the heart of numerous projects for building a next generation of high field magnets. This work is conducted in the NOUGAT project, which intends to design and build a 10 T HTS insert working in a 20 T background field. Despite their outstanding properties, HTS conductors show strong inhomogeneities in their performance along their length. This added to their high heat capacity can be at the origin of local hot spots. The transition to a dissipative state on this local area is then difficult to detect; because of the low speed of its propagation. The transition signal is likely to be lost in the high noise level environment, which can lead the winding to severe or irreversible damages.One way of dealing with this problem is to create coils where the electric insulation is removed and replaced by a metallic layer, the so-called Metal-as-Insulation winding technique. In this configuration and in a case of an inhomogeneity, the current bypasses through the turn-to-turn contact resistance and prevents the winding from burning. However, in such kind of winding field stability and linearity can be an issue. The slower dynamics obtained with this method prevent its use in some applications.The main focus of this work is therefore insulated coils especially the study of the transition behaviour to explore the possibility of reliable protections. In the same extend, the present work also considers safe ways to evaluate the performance of a wound sample in order for it to work with appropriate margins when at nominal operating conditions. This would decrease the need of a strong detection/protection system: the high heat capacity of the conductor makes windings unlikely to be damaged by an outside event.For practical reasons, the NOUGAT project will be built using MI technique, and therefore some MI coils results are presented in this work for comparison purpose. In a first step, the general design constrains for the NOUGAT project insert are defined, especially tape requirements and performance calculations. This underlines the necessity of characterizing the HTS conductor under high field and at low temperature, under conditions similar to the expected operation of the final insert prototype.In a second step, this experimental short sample characterization is implemented in a model to simulate the behaviour of pancake coils designed to build magnet. The aim of the model is to investigate on the transition start and propagation inside the winding. One of the main specificities is the simulation of the whole winding taking as an input the continuous critical current density measurement given by the providers at 77 K, self-field.The last axis of this work is the study of several wound samples allowing comparison between both insulated and metallic insulated windings. Their electric, magnetic, mechanic and thermal behaviours are examined as well as the coupling issues while working inside an outer magnet. Experimental results are compared to preliminary calculations and modelling results. An experimental protocol to safely evaluate coil performance margins is also proposed and tested successfully.Conclusions are then drawn about the possibility to operate safely full scale HTS magnets with present day conductor performances
Howald, Ludovic. "Interactions entre la supraconductivité et la criticité quantique, dans les composés CeCoIn5, URhGe et UCoGe." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00584598.
Full textMéasson, Marie-Aude. "La skutterudite PrOs4Sb12 : supraconductivité et corrélations." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012062.
Full textde la masse des quasi-particules, la nature et le mécanisme à l'origine de la supraconductivité et la nature intrinsèque ou extrinsèque de la double transition supraconductrice vue en chaleur spécifique.
Nous proposons une interpolation de la chaleur spécifique en phase normale en tenant compte des interactions magnétiques entre ions Pr. Nous extrayons alors un terme électronique de chaleur spécifique compris entre 300 et 750mJ/K2.mol(Pr). L'analyse du saut en chaleur spécifique à la transition supraconductrice confirme que les quasi-particules lourdes sont impliquées dans la supraconductivité et que la supraconductivité est en régime de couplage fort. Des caractérisations systématiques par chaleur spécifique, résistivité et susceptibilité indiquent que la double transition apparaît dans les meilleurs échantillons. Néanmoins nous apportons les premiers doutes sérieux sur sa nature intrinsèque, parce que nous avons trouvé plusieurs échantillons avec une unique transition étroite et parce qu'une forte dispersion dans la valeur du rapport des deux sauts en chaleur spécifique a été mise en évidence. De plus, en établissant les diagrammes de phase supraconducteurs sous champ magnétique et sous pression jusqu'à 4.2 GPa par chaleur spécifique alternative, nous montrons que les deux transitions
supraconductrices Tc1 et Tc2 présentent des comportements similaires. Nous avançons l'hypothèse que le fort changement dans l'évolution des Tc sous pression au dessus de 2 GPa est dû à un changement de nature de la supraconductivité (impliquant des fluctuations puis uniquement phononique à respectivement basse et haute pression) en lien avec l'augmentation du gap de champ cristallin des ions Pr sous pression. L'analyse du second champ critique Hc2(T) montrent la présence d'au moins deux bandes supraconductrices et conclue à la nature singulet du spin des paires de Cooper. Une forte distorsion du réseau de vortex, constante avec le champ et la température, est obtenue par diffraction de neutrons. Des mesures supplémentaires ou un nouveau calcul seraient nécessaires pour trancher entre une explication basée sur la présence de zéros dans le gap supraconducteur et une analyse basée sur la topologie de la surface de Fermi en symétrie Th.
Cheggour, Najib. "Etude en champ magnétique intense des oxydes supraconducteurs (TR)Ba2Cu3O7-delta (TR = Gd, Dy, Y) : influence de la terre rare et de la teneur en oxygène sur la température de transition et le champ magnétique critique." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30202.
Full textLévy, Florence. "Etude de la coexistence de la supraconductivité et du ferromagnétisme dans le composé URhGe." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10166.
Full textAs ferromagnetism and superconductivity are usually considered to be antagonistic, the discovery of their coexistence in UGe2 and URhGe has attracted a lot of interest. The mechanism to explain such a state has, however, not yet been fully elucidated. In these compounds superconductivity may be unconventional : Cooper pairs could be formed by electrons with parallel spins and magnetic fluctuations might be involved in the pairing mechanism. This thesis deals with the study of the ferromagnet superconductor URhGe. URhGe becomes ferromagnetic below a Curie temperature of 9. 5 K, with a spontaneous moment aligned to the c-axis of its orthorhombic crystal structure. For temperatures below 260 mK and fields lower than 2 Tesla, superconductivity was first observed in 2001. The thesis reports the discovery of a second pocket of superconductivity. This new pocket of superconductivity appears in single crystals at higher fields applied close to the b-axis, enveloping a sudden magnetic moment rotation transition at HR=12 Tesla. Detailed studies of the field induced metamagnetic transition and superconductivity are presented. This work suggests that there is a quantum critical point in the magnetic phase diagram. The role of the magnetic fluctuations emerging from this quantum critical point to the pairing mechanism giving superconductivity is discussed
Rodière, Pierre. "Supraconductivité et magnétisme dans le composé à électrons fortement corrélés UPt3." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10025.
Full textAkaaboune, Nor-Eddine. "Diagramme de phase (H, T) du supraconducteur organique (TMTSF)2ClO4 faiblement désordonné." Paris 11, 2002. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002215.
Full textThe present thesis work, was focusing in particular, on the superconducting state of quasi one dimensional organic conductor (TMTSF)2ClO4. We have determined a new vortex phase diagram of this compound, by interlayer transport measurement, performed under magnetic field applied perpendicular to the layers. Starting from an analysis of the critical current and the superconducting fluctuations, we have demonstrated that the electronic structure of (TMTSF)2ClO4 is three dimensional in nature and the transport along the weakest conductivity axis (c-axis) is very coherent although the coupling is weak in this direction. In the mixed state, the pinning energy in the liquid phase shows a 1/H dependence which corresponds to the plastic bending of the flux line lattice. Finally, we have also studied the effect of the disorder introduced by different thermal cooling rates. Our results show strong modifications on the superconducting parameters
Zhang, Chaowu. "Etude de l'optimisation et de la cinétique de formation de conducteurs supraconducteurs Nb3Sn obtenus par la méthode de l'étain interne." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00178091.
Full textL'épaisseur de la couche de la phase A15 mesurée dans différents monofilaments a permis de déterminer la loi de cinétique de formation selon deux modèles. Les résultats ont clairement montré que le modèle de diffusion en phase solide est en accord avec une loi de puissance n et que la valeur de n augmente avec la température de traitement et le taux d'étain dans le fil composite.
Spathis, Panayotis. "Couplage interplan dans Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+∂ : effet du désordre et du champ magnétique." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00465554.
Full textCollignon, Clément. "De la densité des fluides électroniques dans deux oxydes supraconducteurs." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11636.
Full textCollignon, Clément. "De la densité des fluides électroniques dans deux oxydes supraconducteurs." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066326/document.
Full textThis thesis consists of two parts.The first one is about the lower critical field of strontium titanate, measured thanks to an array of Hall micro-probes tailored in a 2D electron gas. The value of the lower critical field allows us to quantify superfluid density at six different dopings spreading all along the superconducting dome. At low doping, we find that it follows the normal state carrier density while it dramatically falls above optimal doping. Analyzing our results in the context of the Homes law, we understand that this drop is due to the entering into the dirty limit. A multiband fit Hc1(T) in this context seems to indicate that superconductivity is born in the lowest band and only induced in the two others.In the second part, we focus on the carrier density, n, of the cuprate Nd-LSCO. We measure six samples with doping close to the pseudogap critical point p*, thanks to three different transport probes : Hall effect, resistivity and Seebeck effect. We find that entering the pseudogap phase induces a drop in n from 1+p to p. The comparison of the different probes shows that this drop is due to a Fermi surface reconstruction and that both holes and electrons pockets may exist just under p*. This observation is consistent with an antiferromagnetic scenario. Finally, we find that mobility is not affected by the pseudogap and that transport measurements seems insensitive to the diverging effective mass as observed by specific heat
Nader, Adel. "Supraconductivité des composés lamellaires incommensurables." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0013.
Full textColin, Claire. "Coexistence de phase dans le composé moléculaire quasi-unidimensionnel (TMTSF)2ReO4." Paris 6, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011958.
Full textMasson, Philippe. "Étude d'écrans supraconducteurs à haute température critique massifs. Application à la réalisation d'une machine électrique de conception originale." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00119753.
Full textde calcul que nous avons minimisé en appliquant une méthode de régularisation. Nous avons dimensionné et réalisé un inducteur modèle qui a ainsi permis de vérifier l'efficacité de la structure ainsi que les outils de calcul développés.
Cheaito, Bassam. "Contribution à l'étude de la supraconductivité anormale du composé EuMo6S8." Grenoble 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE10100.
Full textRecoba, Pawlowski Eliana. "Réseaux de SQUIDs à haute température critique pour applications dans le domaine des récepteurs hyperfréquences." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS121/document.
Full textSuperconducting Quantum Interference Filters (SQIF) are Josephson circuits very sensitive to magnetic field. They are made of arrays of SQUIDs (Superconducting QUantum Interference Devices). The latter, when operated alone, doesn’t allows absolute magnetic field measurements and have to be used with a flux locked loop, which limits the frequency band of operation. SQIFs doesn’t have such limitations and they offer the possibility to combine compactness, sensitivity and wide band of frequency at the same time. Because of this, SQIFs are serious concurrents to classical antennas in microwave applications. Experimental measurements made with HTS SQIFs and irradiated Josephson junctions shows that it is possible to detect microwave signals up to 5 GHz in an unshielded environment, and near field configuration. To perform better detection, it is important to match impedance of circuits. In the goal to do this and to improve DC characteristics, different network geometries are studied. At the end this study allows to define which parameters are important in the design of SQIF circuits for microwave detection
Giroud, Monique. "Etude expérimentale de supraconducteurs magnétiques : diagramme de phase de HoMo6S8 monocristallin et supraconductivité induite dans l'état ferromagnétique." Grenoble 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE10123.
Full textDao, Vu Hung. "Etude théorique de l'état de vortex dans de nouveaux supraconducteurs : MgB2 et PrOs4Sb12." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011607.
Full textAKAABOUNE, NOR-EDDINE. "Diagramme de phase (H,T) du supraconducteur organique (TMTSF)2ClO4 faiblement désordonné." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002215.
Full textColin, Claire. "Coexistence de phase dans le compose moleculaire quasi-unidimensionnel (TMTSF)2ReO4." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011958.
Full textOussena, Mohand. "Champs et densités de courants critiques dans les oxydes supraconducteurs à haute Tc." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112108.
Full textA field and temperature studies of the high Tc superconductor oxides (La1,85Sr0,15Cu04, YBa2Cu307 and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8) has revealed several particular behaviours. In sintered samples, the intergranular critical current density varies from 10 to 103 A/cm2 at T = 4. 2 K, whereas the intragranular critical current density exceeds 106 A/cm2 at T = 4. 2 K and is the same in single crystals (magnetic measurements). Both are controlled by the material's structure yielding two irreversible regimes: one at low magnetic field and the other one at high magnetic field (H>Hc1). The low field irreversibility is strongly reduced in powdered samples and disappears in single crystals: it is controlled by intergranular junctions. The intragranular critical current density displays an exponential decay with temperature whereas the intergranular critical current density exhibits power Laws both with magnetic field H and with temperature T. The latter is comparable to what is deduced from transport measurements. A comparison with this method allows us to show that the critical current density determined by transport measurements is not an intrinsic property of the high Tc superconductor oxides but reflects the junction's current. Study of the angular dependence of the magnetization of single crystals revealed a strong and anomalous behaviour of the hysteresis cycle for H oriented out of the symmetry directions. The anisotropy is of order 30. M vs H curves are extremely sensitive to the exact direction of H, particularly close to the (a,b) plane. The isotropical critical state model fails to describe the magnetic cycle except when the applied field is parallel to the c-direction
Rango, Patricia de. "Synthèse et caractérisation d'oxydes supraconducteurs à haute température critique : texturation par solidification sous champ magnétique." Grenoble 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE10016.
Full textFrachet, Mehdi. "Etudes ultrasonores de l'état normal des cuprates supraconducteurs à haute température critique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAY063.
Full textIn cuprates, copper oxides, an unconventionnal superconductivity appears by chemical doping between a Mott insulator and a correlated Fermi liquid. Beyond superconductivity, the phase diagram includes multiple broken symmetry phases, including spin and charge density waves. All these phases interact together and with superconductivity, in a complex way. A deeper knowledge of this phase diagram is without doubt a necessary step toward the resolution of the high-Tc enigma. In this aim, we propose in this experimental thesis to measure velocity and attenuation of sound in the low temperature normal state of cuprates, using high magnetic fields.The first (main) part of this thesis focus on the magnetism of La2-xSrxCuO4 (LSCO). In this compound, an antiferromagnetic glass competes with superconductivity. By applying high magnetic fields of the order of 90 T we show that, when superconductivity is weakened enough, the antiferromagnetic glass disappears together with the pseudogap. The persistence of this order up to p*, and the associated ordered magnetic moment, could explain recent observations at p* without necessarily implying that the pseudogap is an ordered phase. Among them are the fall of the Hall number and quantum criticality signatures observed in different cuprates.The shorter second part deals with a related topic: the two distinct charge density waves (CDW, 2D and 3D) of YBa2Cu3O6+_ (Y-123). By performing sound velocity measurements in high magnetic fields we constrain the doping range of the 3D CDW and show that the latter is unlikely at the origin of the Fermi surface reconstruction. Sound velocity measurements also allow the determination of dTc/dεi, the Tc's susceptibility to a given elastic deformation. The complex and anisotropic doping dependence of dTc/dεi cannot be easily reconcile alone with a scenario of competition between CDW(s) and superconductivity
Kameni, Ntichi Abelin Simplice Netter Denis Douine Bruno. "Etude par des méthodes analytiques et numériques de la répartition des champs induits dans les supraconducteurs à haute température critique." S. l. : S. n, 2009. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2009_0059_KAMENI-NTICHI.pdf.
Full textKameni, Ntichi Abelin Simplice. "Etude par des méthodes analytiques et numériques de la répartition des champs induits dans les supraconducteurs à haute température critique." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10059/document.
Full textThe properties of superconductors are behind of many applications in fields such as engineering, medicine or yet fundamental research.The works of characterization performed since the discovery of superconductivity has enabled the introduction of macroscopic evolution laws. They are now widely used to size the new applications of these materials. One of them is a power law linking the current density the electric field E Jn. When it is coupled with Maxwell equations, we obtain complex differentials problems, whose resolution has become an very important axis of research for the characterization of these materials. The work presented in this manuscript are focused on solving the nonlinear diffusion equation satisfied by the electric field. In these, one first uses an analytical approach based on the principle of self-similarity in order to characterize the penetration of the current density in a superconducting bounded plate. This solution allows us to validate the mixed finite element-finite volume (FVM-FEM) method proposed in order to face up the difficulties introduced by the exponent n of power law E(J). The use of numerical calculations performed for n in[1, 200] allowed us to highlight the influence of the rate of change of imposed source on the magnetization and dissipation in the material
Masson, Philippe. "Etude d'écrans supraconducteurs à haute température critique massifs : application à la réalisation d'une machine électrique de conception originale." Nancy 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN10274.
Full textAfter a zero magnetic field cooling, high temperature superconductors are able to expel the flux lines out of their volume. We propose to use this property to make an inductor for electrical motors using superconducting shields to concentrate the flux density. As the theoretical study of this system requires the use of numerical calculation, we have developed a 3D magnetic field calculation tool based on a Markov chain Monte-Carlo method. This probabilistic method leads to a quantifiable error of calculation that we have minimized by using a signal regularization method. We have made the design of an inductor and have realized it. Thus, we have verified the efficiency of the structure and the efficiency of the calculation tools developed
Wang, Yin-Yu. "Réseaux supraconducteurs : température critique et états mixtes." Grenoble 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE10060.
Full textPellan, Yves. "Etude de la metastabilite de la transition supraconductrice de films divises d'indium sous champ magnetique parallele et perpendiculaire." Rennes, INSA, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ISAR0007.
Full textMartinez, Joao Carlos. "Anisotropie des propriétés supraconductrices du composé Y2Ba4Cu8O16." Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10056.
Full textBoujida, Mohamed. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés de transport de quelques oxydes métalliques et supraconducteurs de basse dimensionnalité." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10157.
Full textLévy, Florence, and Florence Levy-Bertrand. "Etude de la coexistence de la supraconductivité et du ferromagnétisme dans le composé URhGe." Phd thesis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00119605.
Full textCette thèse porte sur l'étude du composé ferromagnétique supraconducteur URhGe. URhGe devient ferromagnétique en dessous d'une température de Curie de 9,5 Kelvin, avec des moments spontanés alignés selon l'axe c de sa structure orthorhombique. Pour des températures inférieures à 260 mK et des champs plus petits que 2 Tesla, une phase supraconductrice a été observée dès 2001. Au cours de cette thèse une deuxième phase supraconductrice induite sous champ a été mise en évidence dans des monocristaux pour des hauts champs magnétiques appliqués selon l'axe b des cristaux. Cette deuxième poche de supraconductivité enveloppe une transition métamagnétique ayant lieu pour un champ de 12 Tesla. Nous présentons dans ce manuscrit une étude détaillée de cette supraconductivité et de sa relation avec la transition métamagnétique. Nous discutons de l'existence d'un point critique quantique dans le diagramme de phase magnétique et du rôle des fluctuations magnétiques émergeant de ce point critique quantique dans le mécanisme d'appariement des électrons.
Vachon, Marc-André. "Propriétés magnétiques de la supraconductivité SO(5)." Thèse, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14753.
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