To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Surface markers of neutrophils.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Surface markers of neutrophils'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Surface markers of neutrophils.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Chorvátová, Michaela. "Vliv elektrických pulzů na lidské krevní fagocyty." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401914.
Full textAbstract:
The phagocytic cells circulating in the bloodstream play a key role in both the defense of the body and the pathology of inflammatory diseases. Thus, targeting their functions has potential to modulate an immune response, especially during the inflammatory phase. This master's thesis was focused on the influence of electric pulses on the most abundant phagocyte population in human peripheral blood, namely neutrophils. The theoretical part describes the role of neutrophils in the development of the immune response and the effects of the electric field on various cells. Consequent part of the thesis was the optimization of the electrical stimulation of neutrophils using a unique platform with a network of gold electrodes. In stimulated cells by electrical pulses, activation of selected signaling pathways, degranulation, ROS production, citrullination of histone H3 and expression of surface markers were monitored. Overall, electrical stimulation was observed to induce neutrophil activation but only electrical pulses of size 1 V were found to be statistically significant in the case of ROS production and 10 mV and 100 mV electrical pulses in the case of metalloproteinase MMP8 degranulation. The absence of significant effects in the most observed parameters was probably due to unwanted activation of neutrophils in control samples.
2
Al-Jumaa, Maha Awadh. "The control of the surface topography of neutrophils." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/111163/.
Full textAbstract:
Neutrophils are characterised by undergoing rapid cell shape change, especially during cell spreading and phagocytosis. In both situations, the cell changes from a spherical to a non-spherical configuration. This must necessarily require additional cell surface membrane as a sphere is the minimum surface area to enclose a given volume. Although it has been proposed that this additional membrane may come from cell surface structures called wrinkles or micro-ridges, it has not been possible to directly test this hypothesis. In this thesis, a methodology was established that would permit such a test. By incorporating freely diffusible fluorescent molecules into the plasma membrane of neutrophils, a methodology was devised that allows the diffusion time into a subdomain within a photobleached area to be monitored. As the diffusion time depended on the diffusion pathlength, this gave a measure of the surface topography. In osmotically swollen cells, in the neutrophil tail and the phagocytic cup, it was found that the membrane was smooth. However, in the cell body, there was a significant delay in diffusion, consistent with the presence of surface wrinkles. These wrinkles were reduced by osmotic swelling, and as cells spread onto a substrate. The wrinkledness could be increased by osmotic shrinking. This was the first time that changes in cell surface topography could be monitored. In order to establish whether changes in cell surface topography were important for rapid cell shape change, cells were suddenly hyper-wrinkled (osmotically) during phagocytosis or chemotaxis. In both cases this procedure immediately arrested the cell behaviour. On restoration of normal surface topography (by return osmolality to normal), cells then continued to undergo shape change. In the hyper-wrinkled state an abnormal shape change could be induced by uncaging cytosolic IP3 and so force a Ca2+ signal. The data presented in this thesis therefore confirms that surface wrinkling changes during neutrophil shape change, and that this was a key factor in neutrophil shape change.
3
Hillis, Graham S. "Cell surface markers in normal and diseased kidney." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1997. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU602001.
Full textAbstract:
Cell surface receptors such as adhesion molecules and connexins are involved in interactions between cells and their surroundings. They play important roles in the normal function of healthy tissues and in the responses of cells to injury. In many cases aberrant repair mechanisms are thought to result in disease and this thesis will assess the expression of cell adhesion molecules (principally the pi integrins) and the connexin43 gap junction protein in normal and diseased kidney The expression of pi integrins on normal human mesangial cells was localised using the alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase immunochemical technique (APAAP) and Western blotting. Expression of mRNA coding for integrins was also assessed using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Human mesangial cells in culture expressed the a2, a3, av, pi av and P3 integrin chains. Messenger RNA was detected for these integrin subunits plus the al, a4, a5 and a6 chains. Normal human kidney sections were stained using APAAP and monoclonal antibodies towards a wide range of integrin chains. Within the glomerulus, mesangial cells express al, a2 and pi, epithelial cells a3, av and pi and endothelial cells al, a5 and pi. Tubules express a2, a3, a6, av and pi and the interstitium al and pi. In renal biopsies from patients with IgA disease the main alterations in integrin expression were upregulation of a2, a3, av and pi on damaged tubules, with increased pi expression and de novo a5 and av staining within areas of interstitial damage. These changes were replicated in a wide range of other renal pathologies and correlate with the degree of tubulointerstitial histological damage. Connexin43 (Cx43) is distributed extensively on normal human kidney, particularly on glomerular epithelial cells and intra- and extra-glomerular endothelium. Human mesangial cells in vitro express Cx43 protein and its coding mRNA. There is, however, no expression of Cx43 by the mesangium in vivo. In biopsies from patients with inflammatory renal disease there is strong expression of Cx43 on infiltrating inflammatory cells, in areas of interstitial damage and on damaged tubules. The pattern of Cx43 expression in inflammatory renal disease was very similar to that of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. The work in this thesis has demonstrated the large repertoire of cell surface receptors expressed on normal kidney. The principal alterations in diseased kidney are found within the tubulointerstitum. The potential relevance of these changes in the pathogenesis of renal disease are discussed and possible future avenues of research are suggested.
4
Leppälä, Daniel. "Analysis of surface coverage in regards to surface functionalization : A microscopic approach." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-140994.
Full textAbstract:
The understanding of how white blood cells react when coming into contact with various surfaces is of major importance for a wide range of biomaterials and biosensor applications. In this study it is investigated if it is possible to determine how neutrophils react to a certain type of sensor chip called cell clinic being developed. This study investigates the cell surface coverage on the sensor chip and how it correlates to the signal response of the sensor at hand. Neutrophils, as other white blood cells, are cells that quickly adhere to surfaces and during the adhesion process they activate at different levels depending on i.e. type of surface or surface functionalization, this activation can be visualized by the change in morphology. While measuring the change of capacitance with the cell clinic sensor during cell adhesion, the cell surface coverage is of main importance. The main focus of this diploma work has been to develop an image analysis script capable of conducting automated analysis on a large body of images estimating the surface coverage. Input data for this modeling is taken from fluorescent microscopy images. The experiments conducted during this project have indicated that white blood cells adhered to the sensor surface shows signs of being activated also without external activation. This clearly shows that knowledge of how neutrophils react to surface modifications is of great importance as well as the awareness that any surface may trigger a response from the immune system i.e. neutrophil activation, so also in the cell clinic. It is a fact that it might be difficult to evaluate the effect of a foreign substance on the neutrophils while a significant amount is activated from being in contact with the surface. Regarding different surfaces the white blood cells does not display any preference of adhering to any specific surface. The surfaces used in this project was silicon oxide wafers, silicon oxide wafers with a nitride surface functionalization and the intended sensor chip; however the addition of PMA clearly shows an effect on how many cells that adheres to the surface as well as the average area of each cell.
5
O'Malley, James. "Novel cell surface markers identify routes to iPS cells." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8883.
Full textAbstract:
The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) presents a challenge to normal developmental processes. The low efficiency and heterogeneity of most methods have hindered understanding of the precise molecular mechanisms promoting, and roadblocks preventing, efficient reprogramming. While several intermediate populations have been described, it has proved difficult to characterize the rare, asynchronous transition from these intermediate stages to iPSCs. The rapid expansion of a minor population of reprogrammed cells can also obscure investigation of relevant processes. Understanding of the biological mechanisms essential for successful iPSC generation requires both accurate capture of cells undergoing the reprogramming process and identification of the associated global gene expression changes. Here we demonstrate that reprogramming follows an orderly sequence of stage transitions marked by changes in cell surface markers CD44 and ICAM1, and a Nanog-GFP reporter. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of these populations demonstrates two waves of pluripotency gene up-regulation, and unexpectedly, transient up-regulation of multiple epidermis-related genes, demonstrating that reprogramming is not simply the reversal of normal developmental processes. This novel high-resolution analysis enables the construction of a detailed reprogramming route map, and this improved understanding of the reprogramming process will lead to novel reprogramming strategies.
6
Jonsson, Eva Lindell. "Biomolecular markers in head and neck cancer." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Öron-, näs- och halssjukdomar, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-306126.
Full textAbstract:
Head and neck cancer is a heterogeneous group of tumours, of which certain subgroups such as cancer of the mobile tongue frequently are associated with a relatively poor prognosis due to the high risk of regional failure and mortality rates that haven’t improved in a significant way over the last 3 decades, despite advancements in both diagnostics and treatment. Today we lack means to assess the biological aggressiveness of each individual tumour, which varies largely. Treatment comprises of surgery with additional radiotherapy and medical therapies in more advanced tumours. The focus in this thesis is on molecular biomarker expression in head and neck cancer and especially in association with radiotherapy. Increased knowledge paves the way to a more individualized cancer treatment aiming for better outcome and less overtreatment and sequelae. The aims of this thesis was: To map the effects of radiotherapy in both tumour and adjacent tissue for the possible markers hyaluronan, EGFR and mast cells. To investigate whether the expression of hyaluronan in the epithelium and connective tissue stroma and EGFR in the tumour correlates with the risk for developing cervical metastasis in N0 patients, and to find out whether the 3-year tumour-specific survival rates correlates with the expression of HA in the epithelium and EGFR in the tumour. To establish an animal model for radiation-induced mucositis and to use that model to examine the pattern of invading inflammatory cells. To investigate whether the expression of podoplanin in tongue cancer correlates with the risk for cervical metastasis and to determine whether the total amount of lymph vessels in the diagnostic biopsy has any impact on the clinical outcome. To investigate the differences in the metabolome of tongue cancer cell lines with different radiosensitivity. The most important findings of this thesis were: The expression of EGFR and hyaluronan hade the same pattern of expression in both tumour and adjacent tissues before radiotherapy. The expression of EGFR was increased in the epithelium of the adjacent tissue close to the tumour after radiotherapy. The intensity of the staining of hyaluronan was correlated to the 3-year survival rates in patients with tongue cancer. An experimental model for radiation-induced oral mucositis in rat was established and in this model a temporal pattern of macrophage invasion with two different subtypes of macrophages was found. There were no correlation between the expression of podoplanin in the tumour tissue and the cervical metastasis rate in patients with tongue cancer, but the younger patients were more likely to have a higher expression of podoplanin in their tumour than elder patients. Tongue cancer cell lines with different radiosensitivity respond to irradiation with different patterns of metabolic expressions.
7
Richardson, Kirsty. "Analysis of cell surface markers within immature bovine articular cartilage." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/17356/.
Full textAbstract:
Previous studies have shown that articular cartilage grows by apposition from the joint surface, driven by proliferation of a progenitor cell sub-population residing in the superficial zone. To date, there is no individual marker for this progenitor sub-population; however, markers located to mesenchymal stem cells have been identified in articular cartilage. Using immunofluorescence, this study demonstrated the localisation of the stem cell markers, CD44, CD49e, CD105 and CD166 to the superficial zone of bovine immature articular cartilage. CD29 and the developmental markers, Notch1, Delta1, Jagged1, Jagged2 and Msx1 were located in cells throughout the tissue. The restricted expression of the majority of these stem cell markers to predominantly the superficial zone in immature bovine complements the appositional growth model notion and greatly suggests a resident stem cell population. To further investigate and quantify expression of these differentiation and stem cell markers, superficial zone cells were isolated, immunolabelled and analysed using flow cytometry. In addition, cells were cultured for 24 hours in monolayer for comparison and to enable epitope recovery. Stem cell marker expression was absent or reduced following cell isolation and upregulated following monolayer culture. Developmental markers displayed expression comparable to that seen in tissue following cell isolation, but expression was absent after monolayer culture. The differences observed suggest cell surface marker cleavage during cell isolation and subsequent cell adhesion and proliferation. To assess the changes in expression, superficial zone cells were cultured for 14 days, to provide a proxy for dedifferentiated cells. Superficial zone chondrocytes were immunolabelled at day 3, 7 and 14 and analysed using flow cytometry. The majority of cell surface receptors exhibited a unimodal increase in expression indicative of a homogeneous population. The number of cells expressing CD44 increased with time in culture, from 3 to 14 days, characteristic of cells adhering to plastic. Bimodal distributions were observed with CD105 and CD117, after 14 days in culture. This expression has not previously been reported and demonstrates a distinct and discrete subset of cells equating to 1-2% of the total superficial zone population analysed, comparable to chondroprogenitor percentages previously reported. The use of specific markers to isolate chondroprogenitors will allow for further characterisation, including a more in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of proliferation and differentiation within articular cartilage. This has the potential to lead to an improved understanding of the role of these markers and, as such, may provide us with a more beneficial cell type that could significantly contribute to the field of articular cartilage repair.
8
Ge, Yan. "Inhibitory mechanism of human neutrophil apoptosis by Anaplasma phagocytophilum and identification of novel surface proteins of A. phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1173207651.
Full text
9
Sutton, Catherine Anne. "Identifying novel cell surface markers for bone marrow stem cell sub-sets." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.557971.
Full textAbstract:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease which affects hyaline cartilage within the joint and leads to severe pain for the patient. Chondrocytes within the cartilage of OA patients have a limited capability to repair lesions in the tissue and as a result, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) which have the ability to differentiate into cartilage, are being investigated for cell- based therapies for OA. One restriction for the use of BMSCs in clinical trials is the rarity and heterogeneity of the starting population. It is therefore important to identify cell surface markers for BMSCs which produce a high quality cartilage matrix after many population doublings in vitro. Tissue engineered cartilage produced by BMSCs from OA patients at early and late passage after thawing was analysed and compared and it was found that the amount and quality of cartilage matrix was significantly reduced at late passage. To identify the most chondrogenic cells, individual BMSCs were sorted from five OA patients using flow cytometry, cultured for 20 population doublings and assessed for their cartilage tissue engineering capacity. BMSC clones which produced high quality tissue engineered cartilage were compared with BMSCs which produced a low quality cartilage using microarray analysis to find the genetic identities of the different populations. These markers were tested at the protein level using flow cytometric analysis and one protein, HLA DR was identified as a potential marker for poorly chondrogenic BMSCs. HLA DR positive cells were stably removed from the whole population and removal of these cells did not affect the quality of tissue engineered cartilage produced. Two protein markers for the most chondrogenic BMSCs were identified and investigated, FGFR-2 and ROR-2. There were no significant differences in the quality of tissue engineered cartilage produced by FGFR2 positive and negative populations. ROR-2 expression increased in culture as cells became confluent and cells cultured at a high cell density expressing increased ROR-2 had a trend to produce higher quality tissue engineered cartilage than those cultured at low density before chondrogenic analysis. These results highlight the heterogeneity in the cartilage producing capabilities of the BMSC population at the level of the individual cell and document the discovery of ROR-2 as a potential marker for a BMSC population which could be utilised in trials of BMSC based therapies for OA in the future.
10
Dunne, Jenny. "Human T lymphocyte cell surface antigens and their genes." Thesis, Open University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281609.
Full text
11
Niu, Suli. "Quantitative Determination of Surface Markers on B-cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Cells." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30982.
Full textAbstract:
To supplement and modify the diagnosis and clinical research of B-cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (B-CLL), a new method based on cell imaging and image processing was developed and applied to the B-CLL patient samples. The fluorophore-labelled leukemia cells were clearly visualized, reflecting the positive/negative expression of the corresponding surface markers and their distribution. Computer algorithms were devised and used to analyze a large number of images. The fluorescence intensity of the labelled antibodies on a given cell directly reflects the expression of the corresponding surface markers. The morphology and size of leukemia cells were not identical even in the same patient’s sample and the size variation does not correlate with the number of surface markers. The amount of each surface marker was approximately fixed for each patient, but there were some relationships, for instance, the number of CD19 and CD38 markers were correlated to each other. The heterogeneous expression of surface markers confirmed an assumption that surface markers have their preferred membrane positions. One of the most important results is that the cell imaging and our image processing method has provided an alternative and reliable way to diagnose B-CLL and new insights in the prognosis of subtype of B-CLL.
12
Carvalho, Jose Joao. "Immunochemical and chromatographic methods for two anthropogenic markers of contamination in surface waters." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16420.
Full textAbstract:
Koffein (1,3,7-Trimethylxanthin) und Coprostanol (5beta-cholestan-3beta-ol) wurden im Berliner Oberflächenwasser nachgewiesen. Ihre Konzentrationen korrelierten mit dem Verunreinigungsgrad der Proben, was nahelegt, dass sie sich als Marker für menschliche Aktivität eignen. Bemerkenswerterweise wurde Koffein in jeder einzelnen Oberflächenwasserprobe oberhalb der Bestimmungsgrenze von 0,025 µg/L gefunden. Um Oberflächenwasserproben in größeren Serien zu untersuchen, war die Entwicklung zweier neuer Methoden erforderlich: ein Immunoassay, basierend auf einem monoklonalen Antikörper für Koffein und eine dispersive flüssig-flüssig Mikroextraktionsmethode (DLLME), gefolgt von Flüssigkeitschromatographie gekoppelt mit Tandem-Massenspektrometrie (LC-MS/MS) für Coprostanol. Der entwickelte Koffein-Immunoassay zeigt die beste je erhaltene Nachweisgrenze für Koffein (0,001 µg/L), erlaubt Hochdurchsatz-Analysen und erfordert keine Probenvorbereitung. Der Assay wurde auch erfolgreich für die Messung von Koffein in Getränken, Haarwaschmitteln, Koffeintabletten und menschlichem Speichel angewendet. Antikörper gegen Coprostanol sind nicht kommerziell erhältlich. Eine neue Strategie Anti-Coprostanol-Antikörper zu generieren wurde erarbeitet, die eine analoge Verbindung – Isolithocholsäure (ILA) – als Hapten verwendet, mit der eine Gruppe von Mäusen immunisiert wurde. Ein polyklonales Anti-ILA-Serum wurde produziert, welches Coprostanol bindet, aber die niedrige Affinität erlaubte nicht den Aufbau eines Immunoassays, der die Messung von Umweltkonzentrationen des Anayten (im Bereich ng/L) zulässt. Spezifische Anti-ILA-Immunglobuline G wurden auch in den Faeces der Mäuse gefunden. Coprostanol wurde in den Wasserproben durch die Verwendung einer neuentwickelten LC-MS/MS-Methode unter APCI-Ionisation (atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation) gemessen. Konzentrationen oberhalb von 0,1 µg/L wurden nach Voranreicherung der Probe mittels DLLME bestimmt.Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) and coprostanol (5beta-cholestan-3beta-ol) were detected in samples of Berlin’s surface water. Their concentrations correlated with the contamination status of the samples, suggesting their usefulness as markers of human activity. Remarkably, caffeine concentrations were always well above the limit of quantitation of 0.025 µg/L. In order to screen surface water samples in larger series, the development of two novel methods was required: a monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay for caffeine and a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) method, followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for coprostanol. The caffeine immunoassay developed shows the best analytical limit of detection (LOD) obtained so far for caffeine (0.001 µg/L), allows high-throughput analysis, and does not require sample pre-treatment. The assay was also successfully employed to measure caffeine in beverages, shampoos, caffeine tab-lets, and human saliva. Antibodies to coprostanol are not commercially available. A new strategy to generate anti-coprostanol antibodies was elaborated using an analogous com-pound as hapten – isolithocholic acid (ILA) – and immunizing a group of mice. A polyclonal anti-ILA serum was produced, which binds coprostanol but the low affinity did not permit setting up an immunoassay to measure environmental concentrations of the analyte (in the range of ng/L). Specific anti-ILA immunoglobulin G were also found in the faeces of the immunized mice. Coprostanol was quantified in the water samples using a newly developed LC-MS/MS method using atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI). Concentrations above 0.1 µg/L were determined after sample preconcentration using DLLME. This extraction method also proved to be successful for enrichment of coprostanol-related compounds such as cholesterol, cholestanol, cholestanone, ergosterol, and stigmasterol.
13
Kelly, Sharon Lesley. "A neutral protease of the neutrophil surface : role in the proteolysis of C-reactive protein and fibrinogen." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27035.
Full textAbstract:
Both of the acute phase reactants, C-reactive protein and fibrinogen, as well as neutrophils have been shown to accumulate at sites of tissue injury or inflammation. The association of C-reactive protein with neutrophils and the concomitant degradation of this ligand by a phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetateactivatable membrane-associated neutral protease has been shown in previous studies. Degradation of C-reactive protein by the neutrophil protease was shown to result in peptides with an ability to modulate various immune functions of the neutrophil. The aim of this study has been to investigate specific characteristics of the protease, with respect to cellular distribution and molecular size. The ability of this neutrophil membrane-associated protease to degrade the acute phase protein, fibrinogen was investigated. The mechanism of degradation of both C-reactive protein and fibrinogen during their association with the neutrophil was also examined. The neutrophil protease, capable of degrading C-reactive protein, was also associated with the cytoskeleton and was proposed to be a submembrane protease localised at sites of attachment of the membrane with the cytoskeleton. The protease was found to have a molecular mass of approximately 600 kDa which, on sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, separated into four bands which migrated to molecular mass values of 209 kDa, 316 kDa, 398 kDa and 501 kDa. This protease also possessed fibrinogenolytic activity. The fibrinogen degradation products generated by this neutrophil membrane-associated protease were distinct from the products generated by the fibrinogenolytic systems of plasmin, human neutrophil elastase and neutrophil lysosomal enzymes and were unclottable through cleavage of the Aα chain from the N-terminus and the Bβ and γ chains from the C-terminus. N-terminal cleavage of the Aα chain by the neutrophil membrane-associated protease generated the Aα1-21 peptide, previously regarded as a unique consequence of elastase activity. Degradation of C-reactive protein and fibrinogen occurred as a result of their interaction with the neutrophil near to the CD11c integrin receptor. This interaction resulted in the egress of proteolytic activity into the extracellular medium. The fibrinogen products generated outside the cell associated with the neutrophil via the β₂ integrin receptors and the IgG Fc receptor. The interaction of the Creactive protein degradation products with the neutrophil could not be determined. Both C-reactive protein and fibrinogen are degraded by non-stimulated neutrophils but activation with phorbol 12- myristate 13 acetate resulted in maximum degradation This upregulation of activity was achieved through activation of H7 and trifluoperazine inhibitable cellular kinases and changes in microfilament assembly. The generation of non-clottable fibrinogen together with possible modulation of neutrophil receptormediated functions by the fibringen degradation products as well as the knowledge that the neutrophil protease generates C-reactive protein peptides with immunomodulatory activity implicates this neutrophil membrane-associated protease in the modulation of various inflammatory processes.
14
Madden, Jacqueline. "Flow cytometric assessment of T cell activation in asthma." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245048.
Full text
15
Schmierer, Ann E. "Macrophage interactions with biomaterial surfaces and their effects on endothelial cell activation /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8047.
Full text
16
Haworth, Kristina Marie OD MS. "Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure on Oxidative Stress Markers on the Human Ocular Surface." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417447050.
Full text
17
Kenny, Emma. "Peripheral CD4'+ T cell subsets involved in primary and secondary immune responses." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343045.
Full text
18
ISHIGURO, NAOKI, HIROHITO MITSUYAMA, YOHEI ONO, MOTOSHIGE NAKASHIMA, HIDEKI HIRAIWA, TADAHIRO SAKAI, and TAKASHI HAMADA. "Surface Markers and Gene Expression to Characterize the Differentiation of Monolayer Expanded Human Articular Chondrocytes." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/17606.
Full text
19
Maddox, Jacquelyn R. Niyibizi Christopher. "Evaluation of putative cell surface markers that characterize human and murine adipose derived stem cells." [University Park, Pa.] : Pennsylvania State University, 2009. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-4509/index.html.
Full text
20
Acero, Sánchez Josep Lluís. "Study of surface chemistry strategies to enhance the electrochemical detection of proteins and DNA markers." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461059.
Full textAbstract:
Els biosensors son dispositius analítics basats en la interacció específica entre un element biològic sensor i la seva molècula diana juntament amb un transductor per al processament de la senyal. Aquests dispositius tenen moltes aplicacions pràctiques en diferents camps d’investigació, des del diagnòstic mèdic a l’anàlisi mediambiental, i amb un gran potencial per a la seva comercialització. Tot i les grans expectatives, únicament hi ha uns pocs exemples de biosensors comercials, sent el mercat dominat principalment pels sensors de glucosa per gent amb diabetis, amb aproximadament un 85 % del mercat mundial. Aquesta lenta penetració al mercat es pot atribuir als elevats costos de desenvolupament i producció, i també a barreres tecnològiques com la sensibilitat, reproduïbilitat, efectes de la matriu en mostres reals, estabilitat i qualitat. En aquest treball, es presenta una fàcil estratègia per reduir els costos de fabricació mitjançant la simplificació a una sola etapa del mètode d’immobilització a la superfície de proteïnes receptores. Aquesta estratègia s’ha basat amb la introducció química de grups disulfurs a l’estructura de les proteïnes, i fou aplicada tant a anticossos com antígens per a la detecció òptica i electroquímica de proteïnes relacionades amb accidents cerebrovasculars isquèmics i amb la malaltia celíaca respectivament. Diverses avantatges potencials, com la miniaturització, integració, anàlisi multiplexat, així com també la utilització de chips d’un sol ús, haurien de ser explotades per a què els biosensors impactin en el mercat i migrin de sofisticats laboratoris als punts d’atenció. Treballant en aquesta direcció, també es presenta un procediment per a l’amplificació i detecció multiplexada de set marcadors genètics del càncer de mama amb una sensibilitat d’una única cèl•lula tumoral utilitzant un array d’elèctrodes de baixa densitat fabricats en plaques de circuit imprès de baix cost. Aquesta metodologia proporciona una nova estratègia per a la determinació del perfil genètic de cèl•lules tumorals mitjançant un procés integrat d’amplificació i detecció.Los biosensores son dispositivos analíticos basados en la interacción específica entre un elemento biológico sensor y su molécula diana en combinación con un transductor para el procesamiento de la señal. Estos dispositivos tienen muchas aplicaciones prácticas en diferentes campos de investigación, desde el diagnóstico médico a análisis medioambientales, y con un gran potencial para su comercialización. Sin embargo, a pesar de las grandes expectativas, solo hay unos pocos ejemplos de biosensores comerciales, siendo el mercado dominado principalmente por los sensores de glucosa para gente con diabetes, con aproximadamente un 85 % del mercado mundial. Esta lenta penetración en el mercado se puede atribuir a los elevados costes de desarrollo y producción, y a algunas barreras tecnológicas como la sensibilidad, reproducibilidad, efectos de la matriz en muestras reales, estabilidad y calidad. En este trabajo, se presenta una fácil estrategia para reducir los costes de fabricación mediante la simplificación a una sola etapa del método inmovilización en la superficie de proteínas receptoras. Esta estrategia se basó en la introducción química de grupos disulfuros en la estructura de la proteína y fue aplicada tanto a anticuerpos como antígenos para la detección óptica y electroquímica de proteínas relacionadas con accidentes cerebrovasculares isquémicos y la enfermedad celíaca respectivamente. Varias ventajas potenciales, como la miniaturización, integración, análisis multiplexados, así como también el uso de chips desechables, deberían ser explotadas para que los biosensores impactaran en el mercado y migraran de sofisticados laboratorios a los puntos de atención. Trabajando en esta dirección, también se presenta un procedimiento para la amplificación y detección multiplexada de siete marcadores genéticos de cáncer de mama con una sensibilidad de una única célula tumoral usando un array de electrodos de baja densidad fabricados en placas de circuito impreso de bajo coste. Esta metodología proporciona una nueva estrategia para la determinación del perfil genético de células tumorales mediante un proceso integrado de amplificación y detección.
Biosensors are analytical devices based on the specific interaction between a biological sensing element and its target molecule in combination with a transducer for signal processing. They have shown many practical applications to several research fields, from medical diagnostics to environmental analysis, and have great potential for commercialization. However, despite of the great expectations, there are just few examples of commercial biosensors, being the market mainly driven by the glucose sensors for people with diabetes with approximately 85 % of the world market. This slow penetration into the market could be attributed to the elevated development and production costs and some important technological hurdles, such as sensitivity, reproducibility, matrix effects in real samples, stability and quality assurance. In this work, we report on an easy strategy to reduce the manufacturing cost by simplifying the surface immobilisation method of the receptor proteins to a single step. This approach was achieved by the chemical introduction of disulfide groups into the protein structure and was applied to both antibodies and antigens for the optical and electrochemical detection of ischemic stroke and celiac disease related proteins respectively. Several potential advantages, such as miniaturisation, integration, multiplexing analysis, as well as the use of low cost disposable chips, should be exploited for the biosensors to impact on the market and migrate from sophisticated laboratories to the point-of-care. Working on that direction, we also report on a procedure for the multiplex amplification and detection of seven genetic markers for breast cancer with a single tumour cell sensitivity using a low-density electrode microarray manufactured on standard low-cost printed circuit board (PCB) substrates. This approach provides a novel strategy for the genetic profiling of tumour cells via integrated “amplification-to-detection”.
21
Horne, Gillian A. "Understanding the progression of CML through the regulation of self-renewal and cell surface markers." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8589/.
Full text
22
Hoshina, Azusa. "Development of new method to enrich human iPSC-derived renal progenitors using cell surface markers." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/235064.
Full textAbstract:
Supplementary information 追加（2019-09-30)Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(医学)
甲第21344号
医博第4402号
新制||医||1031(附属図書館)
京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻
(主査)教授 柳田 素子, 教授 山下 潤, 教授 江藤 浩之
学位規則第4条第1項該当
23
Targa, Laurie. "Contribution to the study of mesenchymal stromal / stem cells heterogeneity, focus on surface markers and senescence." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2019_0353_TARGA.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Les Cellules Stromales / Souches Mésenchymateuses (CSM) ont un grand potentiel pour de nombreuses applications. Elles sont les cellules les plus utilisées pour les essais cliniques développant des thérapies cellulaires. L’efficacité thérapeutique des CSM est influencée par leur amplification in vitro et d’autres facteurs tels que les paramètres liés au donneur de cellules. Pour améliorer les thérapies à base de CSM, cette étude a ciblé l’étude de leur hétérogénéité grâce à leurs marqueurs de surface, qui permettent de mutualiser la caractérisation des cellules et la possibilité de trier des cellules vivantes. Le premier objectif de ce travail a été de décrire la variabilité des CSM entre et au sein d’échantillons venant de moelle osseuse de donneurs d’âges différents. Le deuxième objectif a été de développer une méthode de tri pour séparer les CSM selon leur expression de CD146 et de comparer les cellules triées. La troisième partie du travail a eu pour objectif de mieux connaître les marqueurs de surface des CSM sénescentes. Les résultats de cytométrie en flux sur les CSM sont soumis à de fortes fluctuations, mais certaines régularités ont pu être mises en évidence. Un ensemble de marqueurs de surface a pu être associé avec l’âge des donneurs : CD146, CD71, CD105, CD44. De plus, des liens entre l’expression de CD146, CD140b et CD71 ont été observés avec la capacité de prolifération des CSM. Des CSM de moelle osseuse provenant de donneurs d’âges différents et à différentes étapes de culture ont pu être triées avec succès selon leur expression de CD146 par une méthode immunomagnétique. Le comportement des CSM triées était encore hétérogène mais il a pu être observé que les CSM exprimant plus fortement CD146 avaient plus souvent de meilleures capacités de différentiation et de migration et étaient moins sénescentes que les cellules exprimant plus faiblement CD146. Une étude protéomique a montré que la plupart des protéines de surface détectées avaient tendance à être moins représentées sur les cellules sénescentes à l’exception de CD157. Les CSM à différentes étapes de culture jusqu’à la sénescence réplicative ont ensuite été suivies par cytométrie en flux. Cette dernière étude a révélé d’importantes fluctuations entre les différents passages, soulignant la difficulté associée à l’utilisation de ces marqueurs. Les marqueurs CD146, CD71, CD140b et CD157 méritent d’être suivis pour le contrôle qualité des CSM provenant de moelle osseuseMesenchymal Stromal / Stem Cells (MSC) hold great potential and are currently the most used in clinical trials with cell-based treatments. MSC quality and therapeutic effectiveness are influenced by in vitro expansion but also by other factors such as donor parameters. To ameliorate the success rate of MSC therapies, this study focused on MSC heterogeneity. To put together cell characterization and ways to act when facing cell heterogeneity, this work was oriented toward the study of surface markers that can be monitored on living cells, and can serve to sort them. The first objective was to describe initial MSC surface markers variability between and within different bone marrow MSC samples from donors of different ages. The second objective was to develop a sorting method to separate MSC according to CD146 expression and compare the sorted cells. The third objective was to widen MSC surface markers knowledge by focusing on senescent MSC. Surface markers of early passage and replicative senescent cells were compared with proteomics and flow cytometry. Flow cytometry results on MSC were shown to be submitted to strong fluctuations. However, some regularities were strong enough to stand out. A group of surface markers were found to be associated with donor age: CD146, CD71, CD105, CD44. CD146, CD140b and CD71 were also correlated with proliferation rate. CD146 expression had the particularity to be relatively stable in culture and turned out to be the most heterogeneously expressed when looking at cell population within the samples. Cultivated MSC from bone marrow coming from donor of different ages and at different culture steps were sorted successfully according to CD146 expression with immunomagnetic method. MSC behavior remained heterogeneous after sort but it could still be observed that most CD146high cells had more often better differentiation and migration capacities and were less senescent than their CD146low counterpart. Proteomics study showed that almost all surface proteins expression tended to decrease on replicative senescent MSC, except one marker that increased: CD157. MSC at different stages of culture until replicative senescence were then studied by flow cytometry. This study revealed strong fluctuation in marker expression between different passages, highlighting again the variability of MSC behavior and the difficulty to predict it. CD146, CD71, CD140b, CD157 and SSC deserve to be followed for MSC quality control
24
Estes, Matthew D. "On-chip Cell Separator using Magnetic Bead-based Enrichment and Depletion of Various Cell Surface Markers." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1242661265.
Full text
25
Nagato, Masako. "Prospective characterization of neural stem cells by flow cytometry analysis using combination of the surface markers." Kyoto University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/144466.
Full text
26
Cico, Alba. "Molecular mechanisms of normal erythropoiesis." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC311.
Full textAbstract:
Un être humain adulte produit environ deux millions d’érythrocytes par seconde, à travers un processus connu sous le nom d’érythropoïèse. L’érythropoïèse est contrôlée par une balance entre prolifération et différenciation finement régulée. L’expression des gènes impliqués dans ces deux processus distincts, est régulée extrinsèquement (cytokines) et intrinsèquement (microenvirennement métabolique, facteurs de transcription). Les facteurs de transcription, fonctionnent sous forme de complexes multiprotéiques et contrôlent l’activité transcriptionnelle des cellules. Parmi eux, le complexe LDB1 joue un rôle clé dans la régulation de la balance prolifération/différenciation pendant l’érythropoïèse, puisqu’il contrôle l’expression des gènes impliquées dans ces deux processus. Au cours de mon doctorat, nous avons d’abord caractérisé les mécanismes moléculaires de la “pré-activation” des gènes de différenciation, également nommés marqueurs erythroides, dans les progéniteurs erythroides immatures. La pré-activation, est un état dans lequel, les gènes sont exprimés à un niveau basal très bas, permissif pour une activation significative pendant la différenciation. Nous avons ainsi montré que les répresseurs : ETO2, IRF2BP2 et NCOR1, interagissent avec le complexe LDB1, et lient ensemble les gènes des marqueurs erythroides et les répriment. Au cours de l’érythropoïèse, ces corépresseurs sont déstabilisés et LDB1 agit alors comme un activateur. En ce qui concerne les gènes de prolifération, nous avons observé que le complexe LDB1 est déstabilisé au niveau de ces loci pendant l’érythropoïèse. Afin d’étudier les mécanismes moléculaires de la répression génique des gènes de prolifération au cours de l’érythropoïèse, nous avons choisi d’étudier Myb, une cible du complexe LDB1, étudié auparavant dans le laboratoire. Nous avons testé trois facteurs : ZEB1, OGT et RNF12, en tant que candidats dans la répression de Myb. Nous avons montré que RNF12 est le seul facteur intervenant dans la transcription de Myb. RNF12 régule Myb probablement par une modification de complexes épigénétiquesEvery second about 2 million erythrocytes are produced in the adult human body, through a process called erythropoiesis. Erythropoiesis is controlled by a highly regulated balance between proliferation and differentiation. Expression of genes responsible for cell proliferation and differentiation is controlled external (such as cytokines) and internal (such as metabolic microenvironment and transcription factors). Transcription factors bind DNA and recruit co-factors generating transcriptional complexes. The LDB1 complex has a key role in the balance between erythroid proliferation vs. differentiation, since it regulates genes involved in both processes. During my Ph.D., we investigated the molecular mechanisms that LDB1 employs to regulate genes with divergent function. We first showed that in erythroid progenitors, differentiating genes, also known as erythroid markers, are primed. Gene priming consists of genes expressed in low basal but significant levels in progenitors, which can rapidly be activated during differentiation. We showed that in progenitors, ETO2, IRF2BP2 and NCOR1, bind the LDB1 complex therefore generating a priming complex. During differentiation, binding of the repressive (ETO2-IRF2BP2-NCOR1) co-factors to the LDB1 complex, is destabilized and genes become active. In genes involved in erythroid proliferation, we observed that LDB1 is destabilized, a feature leading to gene silencing. We used Myb, as a model of gene silencing in the context of regulation by the LDB1 complex. We tested three transcription factors: ZEB1, OGT and RNF12, as candidates in gene silencing. Among these factors, only RNF12 regulates Myb expression, probably through modifications of epigenetic silencers (Polycomb/MLL)
27
Anastassiadis, Konstantinos, and Maria Rostovskaya. "Differential Expression of Surface Markers in Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Subpopulations with Distinct Lineage Commitment." Public Library of Science, 2012. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A29135.
Full textAbstract:
Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM MSCs) represent a heterogeneous population of progenitors with potential for generation of skeletal tissues. However the identity of BM MSC subpopulations is poorly defined mainly due to the absence of specific markers allowing in situ localization of those cells and isolation of pure cell types. Here, we aimed at characterization of surface markers in mouse BM MSCs and in their subsets with distinct differentiation potential. Using conditionally immortalized BM MSCs we performed a screening with 176 antibodies and high-throughput flow cytometry, and found 33 markers expressed in MSCs, and among them 3 were novel for MSCs and 13 have not been reported for MSCs from mice. Furthermore, we obtained clonally derived MSC subpopulations and identified bipotential progenitors capable for osteo- and adipogenic differentiation, as well as monopotential osteogenic and adipogenic clones, and thus confirmed heterogeneity of MSCs. We found that expression of CD200 was characteristic for the clones with osteogenic potential, whereas SSEA4 marked adipogenic progenitors lacking osteogenic capacity, and CD140a was expressed in adipogenic cells independently of their efficiency for osteogenesis. We confirmed our observations in cell sorting experiments and further investigated the expression of those markers during the course of differentiation. Thus, our findings provide to our knowledge the most comprehensive characterization of surface antigens expression in mouse BM MSCs to date, and suggest CD200, SSEA4 and CD140a as markers differentially expressed in distinct types of MSC progenitors.
28
Grover, Vimal. "The use of soluble and surface TREM-1 as markers of Ventilator-associated pneumonia in Intensive Care." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/23996.
Full textAbstract:
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the commonest nosocomial infection in Intensive Care and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Biomarkers offer the potential to speed up diagnosis and differentiate pulmonary from nonpulmonary infection. We postulated that measurement of cell surface receptors in addition to soluble proteins, in dual sites (blood and BAL) and calculation of an index ratio of BAL / blood would increase the discriminative utility and differentiate pulmonary from non-pulmonary infection. Our body of work included paired blood and BALF obtained from 91 patients in a pilot study: 27 with VAP, 15 ventilated patients with non-pulmonary sepsis, 18 ventilated patients with no evidence of infection and 31 non-ventilated non-infected patients. In each sample, the monocytic and neutrophilic surface proteins TREM-1, CD11b and CD62L were assessed using flow cytometry. Soluble proteins (IL-1β, IL- 6, IL-8) were assayed using ELISA in addition to Procalcitonin, CRP and white cell count. The levels of soluble TREM-1, IL-1β and IL-8 were significantly raised in the BAL of patients with VAP. BAL monocytic surface TREM-1 was also significantly higher in VAP. The BAL/blood ratio increased the discrimination of patients with VAP from non-VAP. Furthermore, the BAL/blood ratio of patients differentiated VAP from non-pulmonary infection. Monocytic and neutrophilic TREM-1 were assessed during the development and resolution phases of VAP. Monocytic surface TREM-1 and its BAL / blood ratio accurately mirrored the changes with infection, indicating them to be putative biomarkers of infection. Finally, we constructed and validated a biomarker panel to discriminate patients with VAP from non-VAP. The panel comprised the BAL/blood ratios of monocytic TREM-1 and CD11b, the BAL levels of soluble TREM-1, IL-8 and IL-1β together with the blood levels of IL-6 and CRP. It had high utility in identifying patients with VAP.
29
Anastassiadis, Konstantinos, and Maria Rostovskaya. "Differential Expression of Surface Markers in Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Subpopulations with Distinct Lineage Commitment." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-191602.
Full textAbstract:
Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM MSCs) represent a heterogeneous population of progenitors with potential for generation of skeletal tissues. However the identity of BM MSC subpopulations is poorly defined mainly due to the absence of specific markers allowing in situ localization of those cells and isolation of pure cell types. Here, we aimed at characterization of surface markers in mouse BM MSCs and in their subsets with distinct differentiation potential. Using conditionally immortalized BM MSCs we performed a screening with 176 antibodies and high-throughput flow cytometry, and found 33 markers expressed in MSCs, and among them 3 were novel for MSCs and 13 have not been reported for MSCs from mice. Furthermore, we obtained clonally derived MSC subpopulations and identified bipotential progenitors capable for osteo- and adipogenic differentiation, as well as monopotential osteogenic and adipogenic clones, and thus confirmed heterogeneity of MSCs. We found that expression of CD200 was characteristic for the clones with osteogenic potential, whereas SSEA4 marked adipogenic progenitors lacking osteogenic capacity, and CD140a was expressed in adipogenic cells independently of their efficiency for osteogenesis. We confirmed our observations in cell sorting experiments and further investigated the expression of those markers during the course of differentiation. Thus, our findings provide to our knowledge the most comprehensive characterization of surface antigens expression in mouse BM MSCs to date, and suggest CD200, SSEA4 and CD140a as markers differentially expressed in distinct types of MSC progenitors.
30
Kotha, Lakshmi Narayan Poornima. "THE REGULATION OF THE EIGHT-EXON ISOFORM OF THE COXSACKIEVIRUS AND ADENOVIRUS RECEPTOR (CAREX8) AND ITS BIOLOGICAL RELEVANCE." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1409608183.
Full text
31
Björkqvist, Maria. "Coagulase-negative staphylococci septicaemia in newborns : aspects on host-bacterial interactions with special regard to neutrophil and endothelial response /." Linköping : Univ, 2004. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2004/med861s.pdf.
Full text
32
Corso, Christopher David. "Theoretical and experimental development of a ZnO-based laterally excited thickness shear mode acoustic wave immunosensor for cancer biomarker detection." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24728.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Committee Chair: William D Hunt; Committee Member: Bruno Frazier; Committee Member: Dale Edmondson; Committee Member: Marie Csete; Committee Member: Peter Edmonson; Committee Member: Ruth O'Regan
33
Hjalmar, Viktoria. "Chronic leukemic B-cell disorders and trisomy 12 : a study of surface markers, protein expression and clinical course /." Stockholm, 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/91-628-4664-7/.
Full text
34
Harutiun, Minas Nalbandian Geymonat. "Characterization of hiPSC-Derived Muscle Progenitors Reveals Distinctive Markers for Myogenic Cell Purification Toward Cell Therapy." Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/265184.
Full textAbstract:
京都大学新制・課程博士
博士(医学)
甲第23412号
医博第4757号
新制||医||1052(附属図書館)
京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻
(主査)特定拠点教授 妻木 範行, 教授 戸口田 淳也, 教授 松田 秀一
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Doctor of Medical Science
Kyoto University
DFAM
35
Mumprecht, Viviane Denise. "In vivo imaging of tumor- and inflammation-induced lymph node lymphangiogenesis and proteomic profiling for the identification of surface-accessible lymphatic markers /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18414.
Full text
36
Pais, Goyache Irene. "DEVELOPMENT OF A CHEMICAL FINGERPRINT FOR DETECTING UNTREATED HUMAN SEWAGE POLLUTION IN SURFACE WATER." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/360924.
Full textAbstract:
Civil EngineeringM.S.Env.E.
Untreated human sewage pollution in surface water is of concern because it contributes to the degradation of aquatic ecosystems and it could be a potential hazard to human health. Also, any pollution of surface water, which ultimately supplies drinking water, may affect the drinking water quality. Improper operation and maintenance of separate storm sewer systems are prominent contributors of untreated sewage to source waters, resulting from illicit connections, leakage of sewers, or cross-connections. This thesis studied anthropogenic markers to track untreated sewage in an urban watershed with separate storm sewer system, under dry weather conditions. The main feature of these chemical markers is their degradation behavior at municipal wastewater treatment plants: some markers are completely removed (labile markers), whereas others show only partial or no removal at all (conservative markers). A set of ubiquitous chemical markers with practical analytical detection limits was selected to exploit the labile vs conservative distinction, and determine if untreated human sewage was discharged from stormwater outfalls. The presence of labile markers alone was not enough to confirm the occurrence of untreated sewage in stormwater outfalls. The concentration ratios between labile and conservative markers from several chemical groups (pharmaceuticals and personal care products, over-the-counter medications, artificial sweeteners, and human metabolites) created a chemical fingerprint of untreated sewage, and it was statistically demonstrated to track untreated human sewage in local stormwater outfalls.
Temple University--Theses
37
Liuba, Ioan. "Focal atrial tachycardia : Insights concerning the arrhythmogenic substrate based on analysis of intracardiac electrograms and inflammatory markers." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-20461.
Full text
38
Wathen, Adam Daniel. "Acoustic wave biosensor arrays for the simultaneous detection of multiple cancer biomarkers." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42717.
Full textAbstract:
The analysis and development of robust sensing platforms based on solidly-mounted ZnO bulk acoustic wave devices was proposed. The exploitation of acoustic energy trapping was investigated and demonstrated as a method to define active sensing areas on a substrate. In addition, a new "hybrid" acoustic mode experiencing acoustic energy trapping was studied theoretically and experimentally. This mode was used as an explanation of historical inconsistencies in observed thickness-shear mode velocities. Initial theoretical and experimental results suggest that this mode is a coupling of thickness-shear and longitudinal particle displacements and, as such, may offer more mechanical and/or structural information about a sample under test. Device development was taken another step further and multi-mode ZnO resonators operating in the thickness-shear, hybrid, and longitudinal modes were introduced. These devices were characterized with respect to sample viscosity and conductivity and preliminary results show that, with further development, the multi-mode resonators provide significantly more information about a sample than their single-mode counterparts. An alternative to resonator-based platforms was also presented in the form of bulk acoustic delay lines. Initial conceptual and simulation results show that these devices provide a different perspective of typical sensing modalities by using properly designed input pulses, device tuning, and examining overall input and output signal spectra.
39
Jämsä, J. (Joel). "Flow cytometric analysis of leukocyte surface molecule expression in critical illness:comparison between septic and non-septic patients." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2017. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526215778.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Sepsis is a common problem in the intensive care unit (ICU) still having a high mortality and causing high costs to health care system. Currently, there is no marker to distinguish sepsis from other causes of systemic inflammation. Leukocyte surface molecules have been proposed as markers of sepsis. The most promising markers have been neutrophil CD64 and CD11b on monocytes and neutrophils and HLA-DR on monocytes. In this thesis, leukocyte surface molecules were investigated using quantitative flow cytometry in critically ill patients with sepsis, non-septic ICU controls, and healthy volunteers. The surface molecules of interest were neutrophil CD11b and CD64, monocyte CD11b, CD14, CD40, CD64, CD80, HLA-DR, and lymphocyte CD69. First, a special emphasize was indicated in methodological aspects of the quantitative flow cytometry. Then, the surface molecule kinetics was investigated in different types of critically ill patients. Finally, the diagnostic performance of the molecules was determined and compared to that of traditionally used sepsis markers. Furthermore, an example of multiple marker analysis was introduced as a diagnostic tool. The optimal circumstances for leukocyte surface molecule analysis were +4°C temperature throughout the collection and preparation of the samples using tubes containing acid citrate dextrose (ACD) as an anticoagulant, followed by flow cytometry within 6 hours from sampling. Monocyte CD11b and CD40, neutrophil CD11b and CD64, and CD69 on CD4+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells separated sepsis from non-septic ICU controls and healthy volunteers, neutrophil CD64, having the best area under curve. Procalcitonin (PCT) was second best marker. Monocyte CD40 and NK CD69 may predict positive blood culture detection, whereas CD11b may predict early mortality. In multiple marker analysis, combination of positive neutrophil CD64, C-reactive protein (CRP) and PCT increased post-test probability for sepsis. In conclusion, pre-analytical and analytical factors have effects on results of leukocyte surface molecule analysis. Leukocyte surface molecules may improve sepsis diagnostics in ICU setting. Neutrophil CD64 was the most promising marker. Combination of CD64, CRP and PCT increased the detection of sepsis in ICUTiivistelmä Sepsis on yleinen tehohoidon ongelma, johon liittyy korkea kuolleisuus ja suuret hoidolliset kustannukset. Toistaiseksi ei ole laboratoriomerkkiainetta, joka erottaisi sepsistä sairastavat muista kriittisesti sairaista, joilla on yleistynyt tulehdusvaste. Valkosolujen pintamolekyylien käyttöä sepsiksen laboratoriomerkkiaineena on tutkittu. Lupaavimmat näistä molekyyleistä ovat olleet neutrofiilien CD64, monosyyttien ja neutrofiilien CD11b ja monosyyttien HLA-DR. Tässä väitöskirjassa tutkittiin valkosolujen pintamolekyylejä kriittisesti sairailla sepsistä sairastavilla potilailla, niillä tehohoitopotilailla, joilla ei ollut sepsistä, ja terveillä vapaaehtoisilla virtaussytometriaa käyttäen. Mielenkiinnon kohteina olivat neutrofiilien CD11b ja CD64, monosyyttien CD11b, CD14, CD40, CD64, CD80 ja HLA-DR, sekä lymfosyyttien CD69. Ensimmäiseksi tutkittiin kvantitatiivista virtaussytometriaa menetelmänä. Sen jälkeen pintamolekyylien kinetiikkaa tutkittiin eri potilasryhmillä. Lopuksi määritettiin pintamolekyylien diagnostinen tehokkuus ja sitä verrattiin perinteisempiin sepsiksen diagnostiikassa käytettyihin laboratoriomerkkiaineisiin. Lisäksi selvitettiin usean merkkiaineen mallin diagnostista osuvuutta. Parhaat olosuhteet virtaussytometrialle olivat: +4 °C:n lämpötila näytteenoton ja -käsittelyn aikana, näytteiden ottaminen putkiin, joissa on antikoagulanttina hapan sitraatti-dekstroosi (ACD) ja näytteiden analysointi kuuden tunnin kuluessa näytteenotosta. Monosyyttien CD11b ja CD40, neutrofiilien CD11b ja CD64 sekä CD4+ T-solujen ja NK-solujen CD69 erottivat sepsistä sairastavat tehohoitoverrokeista ja terveistä. Neutrofiilien CD64:llä oli paras erottelukyky. Prokalsitoniini (PCT) oli toiseksi paras merkkiaine. Monosyyttien CD40 ja NK-solujen CD69 voivat parantaa positiivisen veriviljelylöydöksen havaitsemista, kun taas CD11b voi ennustaa varhaista potilaan menehtymistä. Usean merkkiaineen mallissa neutrofiilien CD64 paransi C-reaktiivisen proteiinin (CRP) ja PCT:n tehoa sepsiksen diagnostiikassa. Loppupäätelmänä on, että valkosolujen pintamolekyylien analysointivaiheen eri muuttujilla on vaikutusta virtaussytometriatuloksiin. Valkosolujen pintamolekyylien käyttö voi parantaa sepsiksen diagnostiikkaa teho-osastolla. Neutrofiilien CD64 oli lupaavin merkkiaine. Neutrofiilien CD64:n, CRP:n ja PCT:n yhdistelmä paransi sepsiksen diagnostiikkaa teho-osastolla
40
Carvalho, Jos´e João Dias [Verfasser], Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Panne, Michael G. [Akademischer Betreuer] Weller, and Rudolf J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schneider. "Immunochemical and chromatographic methods for two anthropogenic markers of contamination in surface waters : caffeine and coprostanol / Jos´e João Dias Carvalho. Gutachter: Ulrich Panne ; Michael G. Weller ; Rudolf J. Schneider." Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1018017690/34.
Full text
41
VanCott, John Louis. "Protective immunity against transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEW) : enumeration of antibody-secreting cells and identification of mononuclear cell surface markers in systemic and mucosal lymphoid tissues of young pigs exposed to TGEV... /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487842372895095.
Full text
42
Ayres, Lorena Rocha. "Modulação de eventos da imunidade humoral e celular por venenos brutos e componentes dos venenos de Bothrops jararacussu e Bothrops pirajai." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60135/tde-29092010-111444/.
Full textAbstract:
Serpentes do gênero Bothrops são responsáveis por 90% dos acidentes ofídicos no Brasil. Seus venenos provocam efeitos locais em humanos e animais, como hemorragia, edema, dor e necrose, caracterizando uma resposta inflamatória, cujo mecanismo não está bem definido. Esses efeitos estão relacionados com a ação combinada de proteases, substâncias que induzem hemorragia e fosfolipases, bem como a liberação de mediadores endógenos gerados pelos venenos. Considerando que a ativação do sistema complemento (SC) e de funções celulares, como quimiotaxia, ativação, proliferação e citotoxicidade podem desempenhar papel importante nos processos inflamatórios e de lesão tecidual subsequentes ao envenenamento, o estudo propõe: a) investigar a capacidade dos venenos brutos de serpentes Bothrops jararacussu e Bothrops pirajai e das toxinas purificadas, serinoprotease de B. jararacussu (SPBj) e L-aminoácido oxidase de B. pirajai (LAAOBp), em modular a atividade do SC; b) avaliar a contribuição do efeito sobre o SC no recrutamento de leucócitos polimorfonucleares humanos (PMN); c) avaliar o potencial citotóxico direto dos venenos e toxinas sobre células mononucleares do sangue periférico humano (PBMC); d) analisar o efeito dos venenos sobre a modulação da expressão dos marcadores de ativação CD69, CD25 e HLA-DR em células T, B e natural killer (NK). Os resultados do ensaio de citotoxicidade mostraram que o veneno bruto de B. jararacussu foi citotóxico para PBMC apenas nas concentrações maiores, de 50 e 100g/mL, não apresentando citotoxicidade nas outras concentrações testadas. A serinoprotease apresentou baixa citotoxicidade para essas células, o que sugere a necessidade de maiores investigações quanto aos mecanismos que levam a essa morte celular. O aumento da viabilidade celular encontrado nas amostras incubadas com veneno bruto e LAAO de B. pirajai sugere possível indução de proliferação celular, que necessita de maiores estudos. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que os venenos brutos de B. jararacussu e B. pirajai são capazes de ativar o SC como observado nos ensaios cinéticos da VCVL e VA e de quimiotaxia de neutrófilos, onde ficou evidenciado que a migração celular foi devida a liberação dos fatores quimiotáticos do SC, C3a e C5a. e que suas respectivas toxinas, serinoprotease e LAAO apresentam efeitos moduladores sobre o SC humano, e estimulam investigações mais aprofundadas com a finalidade de se esclarecer os mecanismos de ação e identificar os componentes responsáveis pelos efeitos observados. Houve expressão aumentada de CD69, CD25 e HLA-DR nas células T CD4+ e CD8+, especialmente quando incubadas com veneno bruto de B. jararacussu e LAAO de B. pirajai, o que reflete ativação da resposta imune celular, e pode sugerir que este tipo de resposta desempenhe papel relevante na indução e/ou controle dos processos imunopatológicos decorrentes de envenenamentos por B. jararacussu e B. pirajai. Esta investigação visa fornecer subsídios para a possível utilização das toxinas para fins terapêuticos e como ferramentas para investigação dos mecanismos envolvidos nos processos fisiopatológicos que ocorrem em decorrência de picadas e também em outras doenças de caráter inflamatório.Snakes of the genus Bothrops are responsible for 90% of snakebites in Brazil. Their venoms cause local effects in humans and animals, such as hemorrhage, edema, pain and necrosis, characteristic of an inflammatory response. The mechanism is not well defined. These effects are related to the combined action of proteases, substances that induce bleeding and phospholipases, as well as release of endogenous mediators generated by the venoms. Considering that activation of the complement system (CS) and cellular functions such as chemotaxis, activation, proliferation and cytotoxicity, may play a role in inflammatory processes and tissue injury following envenomation, the study proposes: a) to investigate the ability of crude venom of B. jararacussu and B. pirajai and the purified toxins, serineprotease of B. jararacussu and L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) of B pirajai in modulating the activity of the CS, b) to assess the contribution of the effect on CS in the recruitment of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), c) to assess the direct cytotoxic potential of venoms and toxins on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), d) to analyse the effect of venoms on the modulation of the expression of activation markers CD69, CD25 and HLA-DR on T, B and natural killer (NK) cells. The results of cytotoxicity assay showed that the crude venom of B. jararacussu was cytotoxic to PBMC only at higher concentrations, 50 and 100g/mL, showing no cytotoxicity in the other concentrations. The serineprotease showed low cytotoxicity to the cells, suggesting the need for further investigations about the mechanisms that lead to this cell death. The increase in cell viability found in samples incubated with crude venom of B. pirajai and LAAO suggests the possibility of induction of cell proliferation, which needs further study. The results suggest that the crude venom of B. jararacussu and B. pirajai are capable of activating the CS as observed in kinetic assays of classical pathwaylectin pathway and alternative pathway and neutrophil chemotaxis assay, where it was shown that cell migration was due to release of CS chemotactic factors, C3a and C5a, and that their respective toxins, serineprotease and LAAO have modulatory effects on human CS, and stimulate further research in order to clarify the mechanisms of action and identify the components responsible for the observed effects. There was increased expression of CD69, CD25 and HLA-DR on CD4+ and CD8+, especially when incubated with crude venom of B. jararacussu and LAAO of B. pirajai. It reflects activation of cellular immune response and may suggest that this type of response play an important role in the induction and/or control of immunopathological processes arising from envenomation by B. jararacussu and B. pirajai. This research aims to provide subsidies to the possible use of the toxin for therapeutic purposes and as tools for investigating mechanisms involved in pathophysiological processes that occur as a result of snakebites and also in other diseases of inflammatory nature.
43
Ansari, Dominic O. "Raman-encoded nanoparticles for biomolecular detection and cancer diagnostics." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26664.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Chair: Nie, Shuming; Committee Member: Parkos, Charles; Committee Member: Petros, John; Committee Member: Voit, Eberhard; Committee Member: Zhu, Cheng. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
44
Collier, Amanda. "Characterising the reprogramming dynamics between human pluripotent states." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/287952.
Full textAbstract:
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) exist in multiple states of pluripotency, broadly categorised as naïve and primed states. These provide an important model to investigate the earliest stages of human embryonic development. Naïve cells can be obtained through primed-to-naïve reprogramming; however, there are no reliable methods to prospectively isolate unmodified naïve cells during this process. Moreover, the current isolation strategies are incompatible for enrichment of naïve hPSCs early during reprogramming. Consequently, we know very little about the temporal dynamics of transcriptional changes and remodelling of the epigenetic landscape that occurs during the reprogramming process. To address this knowledge gap, I sought to develop an isolation strategy capable of identifying nascent naïve hPSCs early during reprogramming. Comprehensive profiling of cell-surface markers by flow cytometry in naïve and primed hPSCs revealed pluripotent state-specific antibodies. By compiling the identified state-specific markers into a multiplexed antibody panel, I was able to distinguish naïve and primed hPSCs. Moreover, the antibody panel was able to track the dynamics of primed-to-naïve reprogramming, as the state-specific surface markers collectively reflect the change in pluripotent states. Through using the newly identified surface markers, I found that naïve cells are formed at a much earlier time point than previously realised, and could be subsequently isolated from a heterogeneous cell population early during reprogramming. This allowed me to perform the first molecular characterisation of nascent naïve hPSCs, which revealed distinct transcriptional changes associated with early and late stage naïve cell formation. Analysis of the DNA methylation landscape showed that nascent naïve cells are globally hypomethylated, whilst imprint methylation is largely preserved. Moreover, the loss of DNA methylation precedes X-chromosome reactivation, which occurs primarily during the late-stage of primed-to-naïve reprogramming, and is therefore a hallmark of mature naïve cells. Using the antibody panel at discrete time points throughout reprogramming has allowed an unprecedented insight into the early molecular events leading to naïve cell formation, and permits the direct comparison between different naïve reprogramming methods. Taken together, the identified state-specific surface markers provide a robust and straightforward method to unambiguously define human PSC states, and reveal for the first time the order of transcriptional and epigenetic changes associated with primed to naïve reprogramming.
45
Santos, Seiça Ana Filipa. "Infrared spectroscopic study of the conformational movements in membrane proteins from the respiratory chain by introducing a CN label in critical positions." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAF064.
Full textAbstract:
Dans cette thèse 2, différentes bandes marqueurs en infrarouge de la protéine ont été étudiées, la ν(C=O) Asp/Glu entre 1730-1750 cm-1 et la ν(SC≡N) entre 2175-2120 cm-1 par spectroscopie infrarouge exaltée de surface. Les sondes infrarouges ont été introduites dans les protéines membranaires de la chaîne respiratoire. Ainsi les grands mouvements des domaines protéiques gouvernant les mécanismes catalytiques ont été contrôlés par les spectroscopies vibrationnelles à l'aide d’une réaction induite. Avant d'étudier les marqueurs infrarouges, il était nécessaire de comprendre, d’une part, l'influence de la morphologie de la surface d’or nanostructurée et d’autre part, l’effet de la procédure d'immobilisation des protéines sur le facteur d'amélioration des signaux protéiques en infrarouge. Deux méthodes d'immobilisation ont été utilisées pour caractériser des cristaux de silicium après dépôt de nanoparticules métalliques à des temps de dépôt différents. La première protéine marquée par une sonde infrarouge est la F1FO-ATPase d’Escherichia coli, composée de deux parties distinctes reliées par deux tiges. Il y a des études révélant la participation de la sous-unité epsilon (ε) dans la production de l'ATP. Cette sous-unité a été observée en deux conformations différentes en fonction des conditions expérimentales, cependant, il n'y a aucune preuve directe. Le signal thiocyanate a été étudié en présence et en absence d'ATP dans les deux protéines mutantes situées dans différentes positions de la sous-unité ε. La deuxième protéine étudie c’était le Complex I. Le mouvement de la sonde infrarouge nitrile, petite et très flexible a été attaché à l'hélice amphipathique située dans le bras membranaire de E coli. Complexe I. Nous avons permis de démontrer une nouvelle façon d'identifier les changements conformationnels dans cette enzyme. Le deuxième sonde étudié en infrarouge correspond à la ν(C=O) du glucose Staphylococcus epidermidis/H+ symporteur (GlcPSe) et Lactose Permease (LacY) d’Escherichia Coli. La spectroscopie d'absorption infrarouge d’exaltation de surface (SEIRA) a été utilisée pour étudier les changements conformationnels de la GlcPSe et LacY immobilisée à la surface et liée d’une manière dépendante au pH- et au glucose. Les résultats ont révélé que l’Asp22 de GlcPSe possède un pKa de 8.5 en présence et en absence du glucose. Pour la protéine LacY, l'importance critique de Glu325 et la possibilité que l'Arg302 puisse être important pour la déprotonation, a été étudié pour les mutants dans le voisinage immédiat de Glu325In this thesis, 2 different infrared marker bands of the protein were studied, ν(C=O) Asp/Glu between 1730-1750 cm-1 and ν(SC≡N) between 2175-2120 cm-1 by surface exalted infrared spectroscopy. Infrared probes were introduced into membrane proteins in the respiratory chain. Large movements of the protein domains governing the catalytic mechanisms were controlled by vibrational spectroscopy using an induced reaction. Before studying infrared markers, it was necessary to understand the influence of the morphology of the nanostructured gold surface and the effect of the protein immobilization procedure on the enhancement factor of infrared protein signals. Two immobilization methods were used to characterize silicon crystals after deposition of gold nanoparticles at different deposition times. The first protein labeled with an infrared probe was Escherichia coli F1FO-ATPase, which consists of two distinct parts connected by two stems. This subunit was observed in two different conformations depending on the experimental conditions, however, there is no direct evidence. The thiocyanate signal was studied in the presence and absence of ATP in two residues of the protein located in different positions of the ε subunit. The second protein studied was Complex I. The small and very flexible nitrile infrared probe was attached to the amphipathic helix located in the membrane arm of E coli. Complex I. This allowed us to demonstrate a new way of identifying conformational changes in this enzyme. The second probe studied in infrared was the ν(C=O) of the glucose Staphylococcus epidermidis/H+ symporter (GlcPSe) and Lactose Permease (LacY) of Escherichia Coli. Surface-enhanced Infrared Absoprtion Spectroscopy (SEIRA) was used to study conformational changes in surface-immobilized GlcPSe and LacY bound in a pH- and glucose-dependent manner. Results showed that Asp22 of GlcPSe had a pKa of 8.5 in the presence and absence of glucose. For the LacY the critical importance of Glu325 and the possibility that Arg302 may be important for deprotonation, were studied for the mutants in the immediate vicinity of Glu32
46
Foguim, Tsombeng Francis. "Identification des marqueurs moléculaires impliqués dans la résistance de Plasmodium falciparum à la pipéraquine." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0240.
Full textAbstract:
La résistance à la pipéraquine et les échecs cliniques à la dihydroartémisinine-pipéraquine en Asie du Sud Est alertent sur les risques pour l'Afrique. Le marqueur moléculaire de l'artémisinine (mutations K13) permet d'étudier la résistance dans cette région. Pour la pipéraquine, l'amplification du nombre de copies du gène de la plasmepsin 2 (pfpm2) a été identifié comme potentiel marqueur de résistance en Asie. Par ailleurs des mutations sur le gène pfcrt étaient aussi associées à la résistance à la pipéraquine. En Afrique où ce médicament est actuellement utilisé, il était intéressant d'étudier ces gènes.L'analyse moléculaire du paludisme de voyageur n'a révélé aucun échantillon ayant plusieurs copie de ce gène, y compris les parasites ayant une sensibilité in vitro réduite à la pipéraquine. l'analyse du gène pfcrt sur un ensemble de 602 échantillons de voyageurs n'a révélé aucune des mutations décrite dans la résistance à la pipéraquine. Par ailleurs, la mutation I356T a été retrouvée sur 54.7 % des échantillons, mais n'était pas associée à la résistance des parasites à la pipéraquine. A la suite de l'induction de la résistance in vitro à la pipéraquine de la souche de référence P. falciparum W2 et d'une souche de terrain P. falciparum C128, une diminution de la sensibilité de ces souches était observée. Ce phénotype de tolérance à de fortes concentration de pipéraquine (350-400n M) n'était cependant pas stable. L'analyse de ces souches au test de survie à la pipéraquine (PSA) a révélé que ces parasites étaient toutes sensibles à la pipéraquine après 47 semaines de culture sous pression. Le séquence du gène pfcrt sur ces souches n'a révélé aucune mutationPiperaquine resistance and clinical failures to dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in South East Asia warns about existing risks for African continent. The molecular marker of artemisinin (K13 mutations) is currently used to study resistance in this region. Likewise, for piperaquine, the amplification of plasmepsin 2 gene (pfpm2) copy was identified as a potential resistance marker for piperaquine in Asia. In addition, mutations on the pfcrt gene were also associated with resistance to piperaquine. In Africa where this drug is currently used, it was interesting to study these genes and their effect on piperaquine sensibility.Molecular analysis of malaria in travelers did not reveal sample with multiple copies of this gene, including parasites with reduced in vitro sensitivity to piperaquine. analysis of the pfcrt gene on a set of 602 traveler samples revealed none of the mutations described in the piperaquine resistance. However, the mutation I356T was found in 54.7% of the samples analyzed, but was not associated with in vitro resistance of parasites to piperaquine.At the end of the induction of in vitro resistance to piperaquine experiment in which the reference strain P. falciparum W2 and the field strainP. falciparum C128 were cultured un piperaquine exposure, a decrease in the sensitivity of these strains was observed. This tolerance phenotype at high concentrations of piperaquine (350-400nM) however, was not stable. The analysis of these strains with the piperaquine survival assay (PSA) revealed that these parasites were all sensitive to piperaquine after 47 weeks of culture under piperaquine pressure. Sequencing the pfcrt gene on these strains revealed no mutation
47
Braunig, Patricia. "Desenvolvimento e caracterização de células-tronco mesenquimais derivadas do tecido adiposo e seu potencial de diferenciação." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4127.
Full textAbstract:
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated significant potential for clinical use due to their convenient isolation, lack of significant immunogenicity, lack of ethical controversy and their potential to differentiate into tissue-specific cell types. MSCs reside in almost all tissues including the adipose tissue. Adipose tissue has main advantages as wide distribution in the organism, suitable isolation and considerable amount of resident multipotent stem cells. Therefore, in this study, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) were isolated from BALB/c mice omentum and epididymis fat pats. During AT-MSCs maintenance and expansion in vitro, they were characterized for the expression of antigenic surface markers and for osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation potential. AT-MSCs form both sources expressed mesenchymal surface markers, CD73, and CD105 and were negative for a hematopoietic marker, CD45. The cultures derived from both adipose tissues differentiated into all three lineages. However, differences were observed in mesenchymal surface marker expression profiles as well as in the differentiation potential of AT-MSCs from different fat sources. Furthermore, AT-MSCs isolated from omentum fat depot were cultured with differentiation medium containing retinoic acid and testicular cell conditioned medium. After treatment periods, AT-MSCs showed Gdnf gene expression, this gene is a marker for Sertoli cells. The results showed that AT-MSCs from distinct fat depots have different characteristics related to stem cell surface marker expression profiles and differentiation potential.Células-tronco mesenquimais têm demonstrado significativo potencial para aplicação terapêutica devido ao seu fácil isolamento, baixa imunogenicidade, ausência das implicações éticas e sua ampla plasticidade. Essas células estão nos mais diversos tecidos, destacando-se o tecido adiposo devido á sua ampla distribuição no organismo, conveniente obtenção e o considerável número de células-tronco mesenquimais multipotentes que podem ser isoladas desse tecido. Assim sendo, no presente estudo, células-tronco mesenquimais derivadas do tecido adiposo (AT-MSCs) foram isoladas do tecido adiposo localizado nas regiões próximas ao omento e testículos de camundongos BALB/c. Durante a manutenção e expansão das AT-MSCs in vitro, elas foram caracterizadas quanto à presença de marcadores antigênicos de superfície e potencial de diferenciação nas linhagens osteogênica, condrogênica e adipogênica. AT-MSCs de ambas as fontes expressaram os marcadores mesenquimais de superfície, CD73 e CD105, assim como foram negativas para o marcador de linhagens hematopoiéticas, CD45. Quanto ao potencial de diferenciação, os cultivos provenientes das duas origens de tecido adiposo apresentaram capacidade de diferenciar nas três linhagens acima citadas. Porém, foram observadas discretas diferenças tanto nos padrões de expressão dos marcadores mesenquimais de superfície quanto nos potenciais de diferenciação entre as AT-MSCs provenientes dos diferentes locais de deposição de gordura. Além disso, as AT-MSCs isoladas do tecido adiposo depositado em contato com o omento quando cultivadas com meios de diferenciação, contendo ácido retinóico e meio condicionado testicular demonstraram expressão do gene Gdnf o qual é reconhecidamente expresso pelas células de Sertoli. Portanto, os resultados obtidos demonstram que conforme a origem do tecido adiposo as AT-MSCs possuem diferentes características relacionadas aos marcadores de superfície assim como aos potenciais de diferenciação.
48
Pesce, John Thomas. "Early events leading to the host protective Th2 immune response to an intestinal nematode parasite /." Download the dissertation in PDF, 2005. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/Pesce2005.pdf.
Full text
49
Santos-Ciminera, Patricia Dantas Ciminera Patricia Dantas Santos Santos Patricia. "Molecular epidemiology of epidemic severe malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax in the state of Amazonas, Brazil /." Download the dissertation in PDF, 2005. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/Santos2005.pdf.
Full text
50
"Neutrophil CD64 and monocyte HLA-DR cell surface markers for diagnosis of early-onset neonatal infection." Thesis, 2005. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6073997.
Full textAbstract:
A total of 338 infants with suspected clinical sepsis were investigated, 115 of whom were found to be clinically infected. Twenty-one healthy term neonates were recruited as control subjects. The expression of CD64 on neutrophils in infected infants was significantly elevated at both 0 h and 24 h, compared with those of noninfected infants or controls (both p < 0.0005). The calculated optimal cutoff value for CD64 was 6136 antibody-phycoerythrin molecules bound/cell. CD64 has a very high sensitivity (96%) and NPV (97%) at 24 h. The use of CRP in combination with CD64 as predictive markers only marginally enhanced the sensitivity and NPV (97% and 98%, respectively). There was no statistical difference in the expression of monocyte HLA-DR among infected, noninfected, and control subjects. As a result, the optimal cutoff value for HLA-DR could not be determined. The technology of flow cytometry has potential applications for use in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis because the measurement is quantitative, requiring only a minimal amount of whole blood and a short duration (within 3 h) for the provision of results. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)Term newborns in whom infection was suspected when they were <72 h of age were recruited into the study. The expressions of CD64 on neutrophils and HLA-DR on monocytes were measured by flow cytometry at 0 h (the time of sepsis evaluation) and 24 h after the onset of presentation. A full sepsis screen, including complete blood count, serial C-reactive protein (CRP), blood culture, cerebrospinal fluid culture, and chest radiograph were performed. The demographic and clinical data were documented. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of neutrophil CD64, monocyte HLA-DR and the combination of markers for predicting neonatal sepsis were determined.
This prospective study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utilities of two cell surface markers, neutrophil CD64 and monocyte HLA-DR, for the identification of early-onset clinical infection and pneumonia in term infants. The optimal cutoff value of each marker was defined according to the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve so that it could be used as a reference with which future studies can be compared.
Li Geng.
"May 2005."
Adviser: Pak Cheung Ng.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-01, Section: B, page: 0174.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-150).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
School code: 1307.