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Kuldosheva, Firuza S. "Supercritical CO2 extraction of glycyrrhizic acid from licorice root: optimization of extraction conditions using RSM (response surface metodology)." Butlerov Communications 58, no. 6 (2019): 114–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-58-6-114.
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Extraction of HA from licorice roots was carried out by SC-CO2 with ethanol, as a solvent. Experiments and modeling were denoted by RSM. Licorice root extract was analyzed by chromatography and AAS. The RSM design was used to optimize the variables of the CCE and the GC output. The maximum yield of HA is observed under conditions of 10 MPa, 90.8 and 48.2 °C, 92 minutes and a flow of 1.70 and 1.50 ml/min of CO2 using RSM, respectively. According to RSM, R2 and the modified R2 model are 96.1% and 93.2%, respectively. The accuracy of the GC output model is confirmed by triplet experiments, giving an average extraction yield of 52.2±1.2%, respectively, for RSM. The difference of this study from the data known in the literature lies in the design of experiments on modeling and optimization of the extraction yield. An innovation is the optimization of process parameters via RSM, where the maximum yield is achieved by optimizing the extraction conditions. Estimated optimal yield under specific conditions is confirmed by triple experiments (CHIP) in this study. Notation: P (MPa) – extraction pressure, φ (ml/мин) – CO2 flow rate, R (%) – yield, t (мин) – extraction duration, E (oС) – extraction temperature. RSM is a polynomial model of the 2nd order, to explain the variation in the rate of extraction of GC depending on the variables. The linear terms of temperature, pressure and dynamic time, the quadratic terms of dynamic time and pressure with P ≤ 0.001 are highly reliable. The linear term of the CO2 stream, the quadratic term of temperature, and the terms of interaction t – p and r – the dynamic time with 0.001 < p < 0.01 are significant, while variables with p > 0.01 are insignificant. By applying multiple regression analysis to experimental data, one can obtain second-order polynomial equations.
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Widhiantari, Ida Ayu, Sandra Sandra, and Gunomo Djoyowasito. "OPTIMASI TEKSTUR BUAH TOMAT SETELAH SIMULASI TRANSPORTASI MENGGUNAKAN RESPON SURFACE METODOLOGY (RSM)." Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem 7, no. 2 (2019): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jrpb.v7i2.69.
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Selama kegiatan transportasi buah tomat dapat mengalami kerusakan akibat adanya frekuensi getaran yang berasal dari mesin transportasi dan juga lama waktu kegiatan transportasi. Adanya getaran selama proses transportasi buah tomat dapat mempengaruhi perubahan tekstur buah tomat. Optimasi dilakukan dalam penelitian ini dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh mutu buah tomat yang optimal setelah dilakukan simulasi transportasi. Optimasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) central composite design (CCD) dengan dua variabel bebas yaitu frekuensi getaran (3 Hz, 6HZ, dan 9Hz) dan lama waktu penggetaran (120, 150, dan 180 menit) serta tekstur buah tomat sebagai respon. Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada frekuensi getaran 2,33 Hz dan waktu simulasi transportasi 133,42 menit dengan nilai tekstur optimum buah tomat yaitu 0,147768 dengan nilai desirability sebesar 0,928.
 
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Farihah, Tutik. "PENENTUAN POLA KELELAHAN FISIK PADA PEROKOK AKTIF DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY (Studi Kasus: Mahasiswa PS. Teknik Industri UIN Sunan Kalijaga)." J@ti Undip : Jurnal Teknik Industri 11, no. 2 (2016): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jati.11.2.107-112.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pola kelelahan fisik pada perokok aktif baik di beban kerja ringan, menengah dan beban kerja yang berat dengan faktor suhu dan cahaya. Response Permukaan Metodologi ( RSM ) adalah kumpulan teknik statistik dan matematika yang berguna untuk evaluasi hubungan yang ada pada beberapa faktor kuantitatif terhadap variabel respon. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data pada beban kerja ringan dan beban kerja menengah memiliki fungsi pola pelana. Sedangkan pada beban kerja berat memiliki fungsi respon permukaan minimum. AbstractThis study aims to identify workload pattern in active smokers both in light workload, medium and heavy workload with controlled faktor are temperature and light.Response Surface Metodology (RSM) is a collection of statistical and mathematical techniques useful for evaluation of relationship existing between some controlled experiment faktors and measured responses according to one or more selected criteria. Based on the results on light workload optimization functions have saddle pattern functions so it is with medium workload. While the heavy workload optimization functions are obtained based on the minimum surface.
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Nasrun, David, Fuad Achmadi, and Julianus Hutabarat. "Penerapan Six Sigma pada Perbaikan Kualitas Produk Batako Menggunakan Design of Experiment Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dengan Control SOP." JURNAL TEKNOLOGI DAN MANAJEMEN INDUSTRI 7, no. 1 (2021): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36040/jtmi.v7i1.3357.
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CV. Souru Blok adalah perusahaan manufaktur (Bahan Konstruksi) yang bergerak dalam bidang pembuatan batako (berbahan dasar pasir). Perusahaan berkeinginan untuk terus melakukan inovasi dan perbaikan untuk menciptakan masa depan perusahaan yang lebih baik. Namun dalam kenyataan yang dialami perusahaan, terdapat berbagai kasus terjadinya cacat pada proses produksi. Untuk dapat mencapai target kualitas yang diinginkan oleh perusahaan, serta untuk menjaga kepercayaan pasar terhadap produk Perusahaan, maka dibutuhkan perbaikan terhadap proses produksi batako dengan menggunakan pendekatan six sigma agar dapat memenuhi kriteria standar yang diinginkan oleh konsumen. Pada penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode Define Measure Analyze Improve Control (DMAIC) yang diintegerasikan dengan Respone Surface Metodology (RSM) dan Kontrol Standard Operational Prosedure (SOP). Dari ketiga faktor, yaitu Komposisi Pasir Laut (PL), Komposisi Pasir Sungai (PS), dan komposisi Semen: Pasir yang berpengaruh terhadap terhadap jumlah produk, yaitu komposisi PS dan komposisi S:P saja yang mempunyai pengaruh paling besar atau berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi batako tersebut. Titik optimum yang diprediksi dari komposisi PS dan komposisi S:P yang menghasilkan produk yang paling maksimum yaitu, untuk komposisi PS = 1 (100%) dan komposisi S:P = 0,10 (1:10) mampu menurunkan jumlah cacat produk dari 9,96 % menjadi 0,003% dan meningkatkan nilai sigma dari 2,97 menjadi 4,25. Dari hasil eksperimen maka menghasilkan SOP dengan instruksi kerja 100 % bahan baku pasir menggunakan pasir sungai dan perbandingan material 1:10 (Semen:Pasir).
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Maruf, Anwar, and Neni Damajanti. "Pengaruh Jumlah Siklum HEM (High Energy Milling) Pada Karakteristik MFC (Microfibrillated Cellulose) Dari Sekam Padi." Techno (Jurnal Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto) 21, no. 1 (2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/techno.v21i1.5387.
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MFC merupakan selulosa yang sudah mengalami proses lanjut yaitu refinerdan homogenizer sehingga ukurannya berskala nanometer (nm). Proses pembuatanMFC dapat dilakukan secara mekanik, yaitu dengan memanfaatkan refiner, highpressure homogenizer dan gelombang ultrasonic. Selain dengan metode mekanik,pembautan MFC juga dapat dilakukan dengan metode enzimatis. MFC dapatdigunakan sebagai komposit pada berbagai bidang seperti industri makanan, cat,kosmetik dan medis. Pemanfaatan selulosa sekam padi dalam pembuatan MFC belumbanyak dilakukan. Proses penting dalam pembuatan MFC sekam padi adalah prosesdelignifikasi untuk menghilangkan lignin dan silika, proses bleaching dan prosespenggilingan. Pada penelitian ini akan dikaji pengaruh konsentrasi hydrogenperoksida, temperature bleaching dan waktu penggilingan. Optimasi variabel dapatdilakukan dengan menggunakan Response Surface Metodology (RSM). Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan kondisi optimum untuk proses delignifikasi adalah padaperbandingan volume/berat sekam sebesar 9, konsentrasi H2O2 1,5% dan pH 11,5.Variabel yang signifikan terhadap kadar lignin adalah diketahui yang signifikanterhadap kadar lignin adalah pH (linier), rasio V/w (kuadratik), konsentrasi H2O2(kuadratik) dan pH (kuadratik). Proses HEM sangat berpengaruh pada karakteristikMFC. Semakin banyak siklus HEM, maka gugus aktif MFC akan semakin banyak.
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Yaguas, Orlando José. "Metodología de superficie de respuesta para la Optimización de una producción agrícola." Revista Ingeneria Industrial 16, no. 2 (2017): 205–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22320/s07179103/2017.13.
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Klimczyk, Witold Artur, and Zdobyslaw Jan Goraj. "Analysis and optimization of morphing wing aerodynamics." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 91, no. 3 (2019): 538–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-12-2017-0289.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a method for analysis and optimization of morphing wing. Moreover, a numerical advantage of morphing airfoil wing, typically assessed in simplified two-dimensional analysis is found using higher fidelity methods.Design/methodology/approachBecause of multi-point nature of morphing wing optimization, an approach for optimization by analysis is presented. Starting from naïve parametrization, multi-fidelity aerodynamic data are used to construct response surface model. From the model, many significant information are extracted related to parameters effect on objective; hence, design sensitivity and, ultimately, optimal solution can be found.FindingsThe method was tested on benchmark problem, with some easy-to-predict results. All of them were confirmed, along with additional information on morphing trailing edge wings. It was found that wing with morphing trailing edge has around 10 per cent lower drag for the same lift requirement when compared to conventional design.Practical implicationsIt is demonstrated that providing a smooth surface on wing gives substantial improvement in multi-purpose aircrafts. Details on how this is achieved are described. The metodology and results presented in current paper can be used in further development of morphing wing.Originality/valueMost of literature describing morphing airfoil design, optimization or calculations, performs only 2D analysis. Furthermore, the comparison is often based on low-fidelity aerodynamic models. This paper uses 3D, multi-fidelity aerodynamic models. The results confirm that this approach reveals information unavailable with simplified models.
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Windyandari, Aulia. "METODOLOGI PENGEMBANGAN MODEL SIMULASI UNTUK EVALUASI KESELAMATAN PENUMPANG FREEFALL LIFEBOAT." Gema Teknologi 16, no. 2 (2012): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/gt.v16i2.1628.
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Aulia Windyandari, in paper simulation model of development method for passenger savety evaluation of freefaal lifeboat explain that since the launching procedure of Freefall Lifeboat (FFL) may have an impact with the water surface, the occupant injury is possible be occured in the evacuation process of the offshore structures. The FFL shock acceleration has been conducted by the impact force when the lifeboat entry the water surface. If the shock acceleration over the human conciousness allowance, the serious injury will be happened during the FFL launching.According to the conditions, the IMO regulations have standard for the acceptance criteria of FFL shock acceleration induced by water entry impact load. The results measurement of Combined Acceleration Ratio Index (CAR) or Combined Dynamic Response Ratio Index (CDRR) should be comply with the IMO index criteria.In this paper, the methodology of FFL acceleration response prediction by the simulation model analysis will be proposed. The simulation model will be developed by using LS-Dyna code. The Simplified Arbitratry Lagrangian Eulerian Coupling will be used to define the coupling analysis between the Lifeboats (Lagrangian elements) with Water Fluids (the Eulerian Elements)Keywords: Free Fall Lifeboat, Response Acceleration, Impact Load
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Shakir, H. A. "PROTEASE PRODUCTION FROM Bacillus safensis IN SUBMERGED FERMENTATION USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY." Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química 18, no. 1 (2019): 375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcbi/revmexingquim/2019v18n1/shakir.
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Q. Lopes, Janile, Raphael A. Cardeal, and Bruno C. B. Salgado. "Selective Photocatalytic Conversion of Nitrobenzene to Aniline: Optimization Using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM)." Revista Virtual de Química 12, no. 1 (2020): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21577/1984-6835.20200014.
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Texco, A. "OPTIMIZATION OF THE ACID HYDROLYSIS OF CLADODES OF Opuntia ficus-indica BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY." Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química 17, no. 3 (2018): 1095–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcbi/revmexingquim/2018v17n3/texco.
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Zegarra, Saby, and Jenny Valdez. "Optimization of the formulation of an enriched cookie with anchoveta (Engraulis ringens) hydrolyzed using response surface methodology." Agroindustrial Science 1 (June 30, 2016): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/agroind.science.2016.01.15.
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Abdullah, R. "APPLICATION OF RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY FOR STATISTICAL OPTIMIZATION OF LIPASE PRODUCTION BY Penicillium sp. EMPLOYING SOLID STATE FERMENTATION." Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química 17, no. 3 (2018): 863–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcbi/revmexingquim/2018v17n3/abdullah.
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Nisar, K., R. Abdullah, A. Kaleem, and M. Iqtedar. "Application of response surface methodology for statistical optimization of carboxymethylcellulase by Thermomyces dupontii TK-19 using submerged fermentation." Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química 19, no. 2 (2019): 903–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24275/rmiq/bio895.
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CARBONEL-RAMOS, Dalia Elisa, Hugo David CHIRINOS, Mery Cecilia GOMÉZ-MARROQUÍN, and Madhu AGARWAL. "RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY FOR OPTIMIZATION OF HEAVY METAL ADSORPTION IN A MULTIMETAL SOLUTION BY BENTONITE-KAOLIN-ZEOLITE PELLETS." PERIÓDICO TCHÊ QUÍMICA 18, no. 37 (2021): 57–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq-v18-n73-pgi.57-2021.
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Background: Heavy metals contamination of surface and groundwater is a major environmental problem. Clay minerals are porous and are efficient to adsorb metal ions. Amongst the available treatment technologies, adsorption is the most cost-effective, easy to operate, scalable, and replicable to remediate heavy metals from water solution. Aim: This study aimed to assess the adsorption performance of clay pellets of natural aluminosilicates, bentonite (29%), kaolin (4%) and zeolite (67%) to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. Methods: The effect of optimal operating conditions like contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and heavy metals initial concentration has been studied. Kinetic and equilibrium studies were also performed. Adsorbents were characterized using FTIR analysis. Results and Discussion: Optimum values for contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and initial concentration of lead, copper, and cadmium were; 240 min; 25 g/L; 4.3; and 4mg/L, 7 mg/L and 2 mg/L, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm was the best-fitted isotherm model for the three metals. Adsorption kinetics showed that the lead and copper adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order model while cadmium suited with the pseudo-first-order model. The selectivity of the pellets towards the metal ions was in the order of Pb > Cu > Cd. Conclusions: The new combination of bentonite-kaolinite-zeolite pellets worked well in tertiary wastewater treatment and successfully utilized as a natural adsorbent in multimetal solution. The results confirmed that the used clay pellets have better adsorption capacity than many other reported studies. Maximum adsorption capacity can be further increased by adjusting the calcination temperature and applying chemical treatments to the clay pellets before extrusion. The response surface analysis evaluated the predicted optimal values for the four operating factors.
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Estarque de Oliveira, Alessandro, and Vádila Giovana Guerra. "Response surface methodology to model the electrostatic precipitation of nanoparticles at low air velocities." Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences 6, no. 4 (2020): 0547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18540/jcecvl6iss4pp0547-0554.
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Baixas velocidades de ar não são totalmente exploradas no campo de precipitação eletrostática devido às limitações de escala em equipamentos industriais, embora tenham fornecido altas eficiências de coleta de nanopartículas em estudos realizados em escala laboratorial. Visando contribuir com a ciência de precipitação eletrostática, um planejamento fatorial 3² completo foi realizado para avaliar o efeito de condições operacionais (voltagens de -8.0 a -8.2 kV e velocidades do ar de 1.67 a 19.9 cm s-1) sobre a eficiência mássica global de precipitação eletrostática de nanopartículas de KCl (5.94–224.7 nm). Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta foi usada para obter a faixa de condições operacionais que forneciam as maiores eficiências. A maior eficiência percentual (99.870 ± 0.008) foi obtida para -8.2 kV e 6.67 cm s-1. Um modelo polinomial ajustou bem os dados experimentais (R² = 0.99217).
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Sylvia, Novi, Meriatna Meriatna, Fikri Hasfita, and Lukman Hakim. "Optimasi Adsorpsi Ion Mg2+ pada Fixed Bed Column dengan Menggunakan Response Surface Methodology." Reaktor 17, no. 3 (2017): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.17.3.126-131.
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Abstract OPTIMIZATION ADSORPTION OF Mg2+ ION ON FIXED BED COLUMN USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY. Modeling of the adsorption process is used to establish the mathematical relationship between the interacting process variables and process optimization. This is important to determine the factor values that produce a maximum response. Adsorption of Mg from groundwater was optimized using response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken design was used to analyze adsorption data. The process was investigated by continuous experiments. Variables included in the process were: bed depths (7.5, 10, and 12.5 cm), time (20, 40, and 60 min), and flow rate (6, 10, and 14 L/min). Regression analysis was used to analyze the developed models. The outcome of this research showed that 72.784% of the variability in removal efficiency is attributed to the three process variables considered, that is, bed depths, time, and flow rate. Optimization tests showed that the optimum operating conditions for the adsorption process occurred at a bed depth of 11.37 cm, time of 55.53 min and flow rate of 6 L/min. Keywords: adsorption; Box-Behnken design; magnesium (Mg2+); optimization AbstrakPemodelan dari proses adsorpsi digunakan untuk menentukan hubungan matematis antara variabel proses interaksi dan proses optimasi. Hal ini penting untuk menentukan nilai faktor yang menghasilkan respon maksimum. Adsorpsi magnesium (Mg2+) dari air tanah dioptimalkan menggunakan metodologi respon permukaan model Desain Box-Behnken yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data adsorpsi. Percobaan dilakukan secara kontinyu. Variabel yang termasuk dalam proses tersebut adalah: tinggi unggun (7,5, 10 dan 12,5 cm), waktu kontak (20, 40, dan 60 menit), dan laju alir (6, 10, dan 14 L/menit). Analisis regresi digunakan untuk menganalisis model yang dikembangkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 72,784% efisiensi penyisihan Mg2+ ditentukan oleh tiga variabel proses, yaitu tinggi unggun, waktu kontak, dan laju alir. Hasil optimasi menunjukkan bahwa kondisi operasi optimum untuk proses adsorpsi terjadi pada tinggi unggun 11,37 cm, waktu kontak 55,53 menit dan laju alir 6 L/menit. Kata kunci: adsorpsi; Box-Behnken desain; magnesium (Mg2+); optimasi
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Torres Ochoa, A. J. "SYNTHESIS OF A GEOPOLYMER AND USE OF RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY TO OPTIMIZE THE BOND STRENGTH TO RED BRICK FOR IMPROVING THE INTERNAL COATING IN BURNER KILNS." Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química 18, no. 1 (2019): 361–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcbi/revmexingquim/2019v18n1/torreso.
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Damanik, Irma Yulia, Nasrul ZA, and Muhammad Muhammad. "Optimasi Aplikasi Kontrol PI pada Tekanan di Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM)." Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal 8, no. 2 (2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/jtku.v8i2.2679.
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AbstrakReaktor kimia adalah tempat terjadinya reaksi kimia, baik dalam ukuran kecil seperti tabung reaksi sampai ukuran yang besar seperti reaktor skala industri. Reaktor tangki pengaduk kontinyu (CSTR) adalah bejana dimana reaktan ditambahkan dan produk dikeluarkan sementara isi didalam bejana diaduk dengan kuat dengan agitasi internal atau secara internal (atau eksternal) merecycle isinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan nilai parameter Kc dan Ti, kontrol yang tepat agar diperoleh respon controller terbaik. Sistem kontrol Proportional Integral and Derivatif (PID) merupakan kontroler mekanisme umpan balik (Feed Back) yang biasanya dipakai pada sistem kontrol industri. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) atau biasa disebut metode permukaan respon adalah sekumpulan metode-metode matematika dan statistika yang digunakan dalam pemodelan dan analisis, yang bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh beberapa variabel kuantitatif terhadap suatu variabel respon dan untuk mengoptimalkan variabel respon tersebut. Adapun metodologi dari penelitian ini adalah membuat model steady state reactor CSTR menjadi model dynamic, kemudian membuat model kontrol dengan menentukan parameter PI controller menggunakan RSM, setelah itu melakukan tuning parameter kc dan ti terhadap kontrol PI dengan melakukan gangguan pada setpoint. Hasil dari aplikasi sistem kontrol PI maka didapat waktu respon tercepat dengan nilai kc= 1,85, ti=1,15 dengan waktu 0,5 menit.Kata kunci: continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), controller PI, set point
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Syed Shaharuddin, Sharifah Imihezri, AMIRUL AKMAL FAUZAN, MOHAMAD FARIS IZZUDIN MOHAMAD JAZI, et al. "EFFECT OF SPINNING PARAMETERS ON PLA/PPC/CURCUMIN MICROFIBER DIAMETER: AN INVESTIGATION VIA RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY." IIUM Engineering Journal 21, no. 2 (2020): 197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v21i2.1336.
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The initial phase of this study was to investigate the effect of polypropylene carbonate (PPC) additions in polylactic acid (PLA)/curcumin (Cur) blends. It was observed that the presence of curcumin particulates behaved as a reinforcement filler for PPC additions up to 30 wt%. A specific composition was then invested to find the correlation between the fiber diameter and melt-spinning process parameters using central composite design (CCD), a subset of response surface methodology (RSM). Results showed that the spinning temperature had a greater effect than the spinning speed on the diameter of PLA/PPC/curcumin fiber. The response model indicated a good correlation between experimental and predicted values since the ANOVA analysis demonstrated high F-value of model adequacy at 10.34, non-significant lack of fit, precision adequacy of 9.94 and R2 value of 0.80. Therefore, this model can be used in a future study to establish the processing parameters for controlled fiber production. ABSTRAK: Fasa awal kajian ini adalah bagi mengkaji kesan penambahan karbonat polipropilin ke dalam campuran asid prolaktik (PLA)/kurkumin (Cur). Didapati kehadiran zarah-zarah kurkumin bertindak sebagai pengisi bantuan pada penambahan PPC sehingga 30 wt%. Komposisi tertentu kemudian dikaji bagi mencari kaitan diameter fiber dan parameter proses putaran-cair menggunakan rekaan komposit utama (CCD), dan subset metodologi gerak-balas permukaan (RSM). Keputusan menunjukkan suhu putaran berpengaruh besar berbanding kelajuan putaran pada diameter fiber PLA/PPC/kurkumin. Model yang bertindak balas ini menunjukkan kaitan yang baik antara eksperimen dan nilai yang dijangka kerana analisis ANOVA menunjukkan nilai-F yang tinggi pada 10.34 kecukupan model, tidak-ketara kurang padanan, kecukupan ketepatan pada 9.94 dan nilai R2 sebanyak 0.80. Oleh itu, model ini boleh digunakan pada kajian akan datang bagi menghasilkan parameter proses pengeluaran fiber kawalan.
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Caballero, Rosa Elena, Víctor Jiménez, Mónica Miranda, Dalys Rovira, Pedro González, and Juana Ramos- Chue de Pérez. "Optimization of conditions for the production of laccase by Trametes villosa (Sw.) Kreisel and its application in the bio-treatment of sugar cane vinasse." Anales de Biología, no. 43 (February 16, 2021): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesbio.43.03.
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Se optimizaron condiciones para la producción de lacasa por Trametes villosa mediante la metodología de superficie de respuesta: relación C:N, nivel de Cu+2 (mM) y tiempo de fermentación. El extracto crudo se inoculó en vinaza diluida al 25% y se evaluó el cambio en algunos parámetros de calidad de agua residual. La optimización produjo un aumento en la actividad de lacasa de 2,86 veces con respecto al medio no optimizado. Se observó reducción en los valores de DQO, fenoles y color en la vinaza tratada de 46,33%, 73,98% y 52,87% respectivamente. El pH aumentó de 6,50 a 6,57 y la actividad enzimática mostró un marcado aumento en medio con vinaza. Se confirma la utilidad de la metodología de superficie de respuesta en la optimización de condiciones en procesos de fermentación. Selected conditions for laccase production by Trametes villosa were optimized by surface response methodology: C:N ratio, Cu+2 level (mM), and fermentation time. The crude extract was inoculated on 25% (v/v) diluted sugarcane vinasse and some residual water quality parameters were evaluated. A 2.86-fold increase in the enzymatic activity was obtained upon optimization. Reduction of COD, phenol and color values on the treated vinasse were 46.33%, 73.98% and 52.87% respectively. pH increased from 6.50 to 6.57 and laccase enzymatic activity in vinasse media increased considerably. The advantage of surface respond methodologies for optimization of fermentation conditions is confirmed.
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Muhammad, Muhammad, Azizi Maharani, and Maulinda Leni. "Optimasi Pengendalian Flow Control DEA Absorber Menggunakan Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Control Dengan Metode Respon Surface Methodology (RSM)." Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal 7, no. 2 (2019): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/jtku.v7i2.1255.
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Absorbsi merupakan salah satu cara untuk memisahkan atau mengurangi suatu konsituen dalam fasa gas dengan menggunakan solvent atau penyerap tertentu secara relative yang dapat melarutkan atau menyerap konsituen yang diinginkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan nilai Kc, Ti dan Td terbaik pada kontrol PID DEA absorber Perta Arun Gas. Sistem kontrol Proportional, Integral and Derivative (PID) merupakan controller untuk menentukan presisi suatu sistem instrumentasi dengan karakteristik adanya umpan balik pada sistem tersebut (Feed Back). Response Surface Methodology (RSM) atau metode permukaan respon adalah sekumpulan metode-metode matematika dan statistika yang digunakan dalam pemodelan dan analisis, yang bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh beberapa variabel kuantitatif terhadap suatu variabel respon dan untuk mengoptimalkan variabel respon tersebut. Adapun metodologi dari penelitian ini adalah membuat model steady state DEA absorber menjadi model dynamic, lalu membuat model kontrol PID, setelah itu melakukan tuning terhadap kontrol PID dan melakukan pengujian terhadap kontrol PID dengan melakukan gangguan pada PV. Hasil dari pengaplikasian sistem kontrol PID maka mendapatkan waktu tercepat dengan nilai Kc = Kc = 0,1, Ti = 0,01, dan Td = 0,00001 dengan waktu 0,510 menit. Kata kunci: Absorbsi, PID, Present Value, Controller
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Syamsuar, Sayuti. "Analisis Sistem Kendali Terbang dengan Gain Scheduling Pada Pesawat Efek Permukaan." WARTA ARDHIA 43, no. 2 (2017): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/wa.v43i2.295.141-148.
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This paper provides an overview of the design of adaptive flight control system of wing in surface effect craft Lippisch configuration 8 passengers capacity during cruise in the low speed and low altitude. The control system will be used the control surface, such as elevator deflection as input and pitch angle deflection as output response or by using engine throttle setting as input and others output response in the longitudinal mode. This paper describes some methodologies control system method and analysis such as PID controller system with gain scheduling approach, and root locus method. The observable matrices (4 x 4) on the longitudinal mode that used in the control system became from aerodynamic derivative parameters of 8 seaters configuration that calculated by DATCOM numerical simulation or wind tunnel test result and dummy data.
 Kajian ini merupakan rancangan sistem kendali terbang adaptif pada pesawat efek permukaan konfigurasi Lippisch kapasitas 8 orang saat terbang mendatar pada kecepatan dan ketinggian terbang rendah. Sistem kendali terbang yang digunakan, seperti defleksi elevator sebagai input dan defleksi sudut pitch sebagai respon output atau penggunaan defleksi throttle mesin sebagai input dan parameter respon output lain pada gerak matra longitudinal. Kajian menjelaskan penggunaan beberapa metodologi dan analisis sistem kendali terbang adaptif, seperti kontroler PID dengan pendekatan gain scheduling, dan metoda root locus. Matriks ruang keadaan berukuran (4 x 4) pada matra longitudinal yang digunakan pada sistem kendali terbang adaptif diperoleh dari parameter turunan aerodinamika hasil perhitungan numerik DATCOM atau hasil uji terowongan angin dan data dummy.
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Victor, Hans, and Maelita Ramdani Moeis. "OPTIMASI PROSES UNTUK EKSPRESI GEN ENDOGLUKANASE DARI Bacillus sp. RP1 OLEH Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3)/ egc." Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) 5, no. 1 (2018): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/jbbi.v5i1.1769.
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Process Optimization for Endoglucanase Gene Expression Derived from Bacillus sp. RP1 by Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3)/egcABSTRACTCellulases are one of the most used enzymes in industrial processes. In an effort to increase production, industries have developed strategies such as isolating new cellulase producing strains, genetic engineering and process optimization since the last 50 years. One endoglucanase producing strain, Bacillus sp. RP1 was isolated from hot springs. The ribosome binding site and coding sequence of the endoglucanase gene (egc) from Bacillus sp. RP1 was cloned into pGEM-T Easy. The recombinant plasmid was used to transform E. coli BL21 (DE3). Cloning was followed by process optimization. Medium composition was selected using Plackett-Burman design. The medium components tested were rice hull, molasses, ammonium chloride, urea and fishmeal. Rice hull and molasses were found to be the factors most influencing enzyme activity and dry cell weight, respectively. The next step involved Box-Behnken method and response surface methodology to optimize the responses against molasses concentration, rice hull concentration and fermentation time. The concentration intervals used to test were 1%, 5.5% and 10% while the fermentation time used were 24, 36 and 48 hours. The conditions which optimized both enzyme activity and dry cell weight were 7.45% molasses, 6.45% rice hull and 39.52 hours of fermentation.Keywords: Bacillus sp. RP1, E. coli BL21 (DE3), egc, Endoglucanase, optimization ABSTRAKSelulase adalah salah satu enzim yang banyak dimanfaatkan dalam berbagai industri. Sebagai upaya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan, 50 tahun terakhir dikembangkan beberapa strategi untuk meningkatkan produksi selulase yang mencakup rekayasa genetika dan optimasi proses. Karena itu, dilakukan kloning gen egc dan RBS yang berasal dari Bacillus sp. RP1 yang diisolasi dari sumber air panas ke dalam vektor pGEM-T Easy. E. coli BL21 (DE3) ditransformasikan dengan vektor yang mengandung gen egc tersebut. Setelah kloning, optimasi proses berupa desain medium turut dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan ekspresi gen egc. Desain medium diawali dengan seleksi komposisi medium menggunakan metode Plackett-Burman. Komponen medium yang diuji adalah kulit beras, molase, amonium klorida, urea dan tepung ikan. Kulit beras dan molase diperoleh sebagai bahan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas enzim dan berat kering sel. Tahap selanjutnya melibatkan metode statistik Box-Behnken dan metodologi respons permukaan yang bertujuan mengoptimalkan respons aktivitas enzim dan berat kering sel terhadap konsentrasi molase, konsentrasi kulit beras dan lama fermentasi. Konsentrasi yang diuji adalah 1%, 5,5% dan 10%, sedangkan lama fermentasi yang diuji adalah 24, 36 dan 48 jam. Konsentrasi optimal molase adalah 7,45% dan konsentrasi optimal kulit beras adalah 6,45% dengan lama fermentasi optimal 39,52 jam.Kata Kunci: Bacillus sp. RP1, E. coli BL21 (DE3), egc, Endoglukanase, optimasi
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Coba D., Sebastián, and Alis Pataquiva‐M. "Optimización por la metodología de superficie de respuesta de la fabricación de un material nanoestructurado compuesto de nanohilos de nylon con grafeno." Revista Cientifica TECNIA 27, no. 2 (2018): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21754/tecnia.v27i2.175.
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En el presente trabajo se llevaron a cabo dos diseños experimentales para la determinación de las condiciones óptimas de la fabricación de nanohilos de nylon y síntesis de grafeno, para lo cual se obtuvo: 0.68 M de (NH4)2SO4 y 11.45 V; 27 kV, 2.3 mL/h y 11.40 cm de distancia de la aguja al colector (cm); respectivamente. De esta manera, se produjeron electrohilos de nylon y grafeno, ambos de tamaño nanométrico. A partir de estos materiales se preparó un compósito nanohilos/grafeno, a las condiciones óptimas de fabricación. Los materiales obtenidos (nanohilos de nylon, grafeno y compósito) fueron caracterizados morfológica (SEM) y químicamente (FTIR, UV), comprobando su escala nanométrica, grupos funcionales y sus propiedades bloqueadoras de rayos UV. Es así, como este trabajo abre una nueva perspectiva al uso de nylon reciclado para la obtención de hilos electrohilados de diámetro nanométrico que pueden ser funcionalizados, en este caso con grafeno, y exhibir propiedades deseables en industrias tales como la textil, entre otras. Palabras clave.- superficie de respuesta, electrohilado, nanohilos de nylon, grafeno ABSTRACT In the present work, two experimental designs were carried out to find the optimal conditions to manufacture nylon nanowires and to synthesize graphene. The results obtained were: 0.68 M (NH4)2SO4 and 11.45 V; and 27 kV, 2.3 mL / h and 11.40 cm as the distance from the needle to the collector, respectively. This way, nylon nanowires and graphene were produced, both of nanometric size. Using these materials, a nanowire/graphene composite was prepared using optimum manufacturing conditions. The materials obtained (nylon nanowires, graphene and composite) were characterized morphologically (SEM) and chemically (FTIR, UV), verifying their nanometric scale, functional groups and their UV blocking properties. This work opens new perspectives for the use of recycled nylon to obtain electrospinned nano‐fibers that can be functionalized, in this case with graphene, and exhibit interesting properties for industrial applications, such as the fabrication of textile, among others. Keywords.- surface response, electrospinning, graphene, nylon nanofibers.
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Hernani, Hernani, and Winda Haliza. "OPTIMASI KOMPOSISI NUTRIEN UNTUK PEMBENTUKAN KOMPONEN CITARASA PADA FERMENTASI BIJI KAKAO ASALAN (Optimization of nutrient composition during fermentation on unfermented cocoa beans to enchance flavor components production)." Jurnal Penelitian Pascapanen Pertanian 10, no. 2 (2017): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jpasca.v10n2.2013.71-82.
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<p>Pengolahan biji kakao tanpa melalui proses fermentasi biasanya disebut sebagai biji kakao asalan. Di Indonesia, petani masih jarang melakukan fermentasi karena harga jual biji fermentasi dan asalan, tidak jauh berbeda. Dengan melakukan fermentasi kembali pada biji kakao asalan menggunakan kultur mikroba sebagai nutrien diharapkan menghasilkan komponen citarasa sama seperti kakao yang difermentasi. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan komposisi substrat atau media tumbuh yang sesuai untuk aplikasi fermentasi biji kakao asalan sehingga akan diperoleh starter kultur mikroba aktif yang dapat menghasilkan karakter citarasa setara dengan biji kakao fermentasi. Metodologi yang digunakan secara response surface method (RSM) terhadap komposisi kultur media yang terdiri dari fruktosa, glukosa, sukrosa dan asam sitrat. Faktor perlakuan fruktosa (x1) dengan batasan 42-62 mg/g, glukosa (x2) 24-41 mg/g, sukrosa (x3) 21-32 mg/g dan asam sitrat (x4) 21-24 mg/g. Dalam setiap perlakuan digunakan 4 kg biji kakao asalan. Hasil respon terhadap senyawa citarasa yang teridentifikasi terdiri dari golongan senyawa pirazin (2,3,5,6 tetrametil pirazin, 2,5 dimetil pirazin), asam butanoat, 2-metoksi fenol, ?-oktalakton, asam lemak (asam palmitat, stearat, cis-vasenat dan 9,12 oktadesenoat). Hasil respon terhadap model senyawa citarasa memberikan signifikansi yang nyata pada senyawa 2,3,5,6 tetrametilpirazin, asam butanoat, 2-metoksi fenol dan ?-oktalakton dan tidak berbeda nyata pada 2, 5 dimetil pirazin.</p><p>Kata kunci :Kakao, fermentasi, asalan (non fermentasi), citarasa, komposisi nutrien</p><p>English Version Abstract</p><p>The processing of cocoa beans whithout fermentation known as non fermented beans. Farmers rarely done fermentation, since the price of fermented and non fermented beans are not much different. By refermentation on unfermented cacao beans using microbes culture as a nutrient, it will be changed the flavor of unfermented cacao beans similar to fermented cacao beans. The present work was conducted to obtain a substrate suitable for long-term application of fermentation which is active microbial starter cultures for fermentation applications on non-fermented cocoa beans that can produce the equivalent character flavor cocoa fermentation. The methodology was used in the response surface method (RSM) on the composition of the culture media consisting of fructose, glucose, sucrose and citric acid. Fructose treatment factors (x1) with limits 42-62 mg/g, glucose (x2) 24-41 mg/g, sucrose (x3) 21-32 mg/g and citric acid (x4) 21-24 mg/g. For every traetment was used 4 kg unfermented cacao seed. The results of flavor response compounds were identified class of compounds, such as pyrazine groups (2,3,5,6 tetramethyl pyrazine, 2,5 dimethyl pyrazine), butanoic acid, 2-methoxy phenol, ?-octalactone, fatty acid (palmitic acid, stearic, cis-vacenic and 9.12 oktadecenoic). Response to the results of the model flavor compounds was gave significance to the compound of 2,3,5,6 tetramethylpirazine, butanoic acid, 2-methoxy-phenol and ?-octalactone and not significantly different at 2, 5 dimethyl pyrazine.</p><p>Keywords : cacao, fermentation, non fermented, fragrance and flavor, nurient composition</p>
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Giroletti, Cristiane Lisboa, Jean Carlo Salomé dos Santos Menezes, Leonardo Dalri-Cecato, Beatriz Lima Santos Klienchen Dalari, and Maria Eliza Nagel Hassemer. "TANNIN EXTRACTION FROM GRAPE STEMS THROUGH A SOLID-LIQUID PROCESS: OPTIMIZING EFFICIENCY BY APPLYING THE RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY / EXTRAÇÃO DE TANINO DO CAULE DA UVA POR MEIO DE UM PROCESSO SÓLIDO-LÍQUIDO: OTIMIZANDO A EFICIÊNCIA APLICANDO A METODOLOGIA DE SUPERFÍCIE DE RESPOSTA." Brazilian Journal of Development 7, no. 3 (2021): 28894–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n3-554.
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Deodoro, Sandra Cristina, Marcos Antônio Timbó Elmiro, Ricardo Alexandrino Garcia, Plinio Da Costa Temba, and William Zanete Bertolini. "Classificação e mapeamento da textura superficial do solo a partir de dados de sensoriamento remoto e análise discriminante, na região de Volta Grande do Rio Uruguai – Brasil." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 14, no. 1 (2021): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v14.1.p340-356.
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Medir e avaliar componentes e propriedades de solo são geralmente procedimentos que envolvem custo e consumo de tempo. A escassez de amostragem de dados em campo é geralmente compensada por resultados de predição e modelagem cujos procedimentos são conhecidos como mapeamento preditivo de solo. O objetivo deste trabalho é obter um mapa da textura superficial do solo na região de Volta Grande do Rio Uruguai (SC/RS-Brasil) por meio de amostragem granulométrica (44 pontos), reflectância espectral do solo (141 pontos) no sensor MSI (Sentinel-2), modelagem estatística preditiva (Análise Discriminante) e interpolação (IDW). A metodologia aplicada baseia-se na obtenção de funções discriminantes para aplicação de um classificador estatístico que, a partir dos dados espectrais de solo, seja capaz de discriminar a textura em areia, silte e argila. Os resultados da análise discriminante mostraram que (i) a textura do solo foi classificada no modelo a uma acurácia de 71% conforme Índice de Kappa; (ii) as frações silte e areia mostraram-se próximas tanto em termos de assinatura espectral como em teores (g/kg) obtidos em laboratório; (iii) houve predomínio de argila corroborando a característica litológica de área basáltica. Por permitir a verificação de quais variáveis independentes (reflectância) mais contribuem para a resposta da variável dependente (granulometria), este método pode ser útil para indicar as faixas espectrais que podem ser usadas na aplicação de uma técnica de regressão para predição granulométrica.Classification and Mapping of the surface-based soil texture through Remote Sensing Data and Discriminant Analysis in the region of Volta Grande do Rio Uruguai – BrazilA B S T R A C TMeasuring and evaluating soil components and properties are often costly and time-consuming procedures. Prediction and modelling, whose procedures are known as predictive soil mapping, are useful for solving the lack of field data sampling. The objective of this work is to map the surface-based soil texture in the region of Volta Grande do Rio Uruguay (SC / RS-Brazil) by using soil particle-size sampling (44 points) or soil granulometry, soil spectral reflectance (141 points) in the MSI sensor (Sentinel-2), predictive statistical modelling (Discriminant Analysis) and IDW interpolation. The methodology aims to find discriminant functions to obtain a statistical classifier that, based on soil spectral data, is able to discriminate the soil texture (surface-based) in terms of sand, silt and clay. The results showed that (i) the statistical model classified the soil texture at an accuracy of 71% according to the Kappa Index; (ii) silt and sand were similar both in terms of spectral signature and of content (g/kg); (iii) there was a predominance of clay corroborating the lithological characteristic of the basaltic area. Discriminant Analysis provides a basis to identify which independent variables (reflectance) contribute most to the response of the dependent variable (soil texture). Thus, the studied method can be useful to indicate the spectral ranges in regression models for predicting soil texture at locations not sampled.Keywords: multivariate statistics, spectral, soil particle size, Sentinel-2, interpolation.
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De Antueno, Lucía, Fernanda J. Gaspari, and Adriana Guzmán Guaraca. "Análisis del efecto del cambio en el uso del suelo sobre el escurrimiento en la cuenca alta del río Sauce Chico, Argentina." Revista Estudios Ambientales - Environmental Studies Journal 8, no. 1 (2020): 20–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.47069/estudios-ambientales.v8i1.659.
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Los cambios de cobertura y uso del suelo son reconocidos como una de las principales influencias en la dinámica hídrica superficial. La modelización hidrológica permite comparar los escenarios pluviales y de cambio de uso del suelo en cuencas hidrográficas. El objetivo propuesto fue analizar el efecto de la cobertura y uso del suelo sobre la generación de escorrentía en la cuenca alta de río Sauce Chico (CARSCH), Argentina. Se desarrolló una metodología geoespacial de análisis de la situación morfométrica como herramienta de base para la modelización hidrológica, que se realizó en HEC-HMS 4.2 aplicando el modelo Número de curva (NC) para un evento pluvial extremo y otro modal con fines de comparación de la respuesta de la cuenca. La zonificación de la cobertura vegetal se definió a través de un geoprocesamiento digital, para cuatro escenarios de uso de suelo, considerándolos como representativos de una tendencia de cambio espacio temporal. Al analizar los resultados se determinó que el mayor volumen escurrido y caudales máximos en tormentas extremas se generan en áreas serranas, mientras que ante eventos modales los máximos se registran en zonas de lomadas. Además, los resultados revelan que el cambio en el uso del suelo tiene una influencia más significativa en el comportamiento de los caudales ante la ocurrencia de eventos de precipitación modal, que de eventos extremos. Concluyendo, el avance de la antropización en la CARSCH generó una mayor producción de caudales ante eventos pluviales. La modelación hidrológica proporcionó información de la interacción entre el uso del suelo y el efecto de la erosividad pluvial con el fin de proyectar y pronosticar la influencia sobre la escorrentía superficial según el uso del suelo a nivel geoespacial.
 Abstract
 Changes in coverage and land use are known as one of the main influences on surface water dynamics. Hydrological modeling is a tool for comparing rainfall and land use change scenarios in river basins. The purpose was to analyze the effect of land use and cover in the generation of runoff in the upper basin of Sauce Chico river (CARSCH), Argentina. A geospatial methodology of morphometric situation analysis was developed as a basic tool for hydrological modeling, which was carried out in HEC-HMS 4.2, applying the curve number (NC) model for an extreme rainfall event and another modal for comparison purposes of the response of the basin. The zoning of the vegetation cover was defined through a digital geoprocessing, for four scenarios of land use, considering them as representative of a trend of temporal space change. When analyzing the results according to rainfall events and land cover and use, it was determined that the highest drained volume and maximum flows in extreme storms is generated in mountain areas, while for modal events, the maximum is recorded in hill areas. In addition, the results reveal that the change in land use has a more significant influence on the behavior of flows in the event of modal precipitation events, rather than extreme events. In conclusion, the advance of the anthropization in the CARSCH generated a greater production of flows due to rain events. Hydrological modeling provided information on the interaction between land use and the effect of rainfall erosion in order to project and predict the influence on surface runoff according to land use at the geospatial level.
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Santos, Sindiany Suelen Caduda dos, Edilson Divino de Araújo, and Rosemeri Melo e Souza. "Análise dos Tensores Antropogênicos dos Mangues no Complexo Estuarino Real- Piauí-Fundo, sul de Sergipe." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 14, no. 3 (2021): 1690. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v14.3.p1690-1706.
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Os mangues do litoral sul de Sergipe sobrevivem em meio à presença de tensores antropogênicos comprometedores da existência do ecossistema manguezal. Objetiva-se analisar os tensores antropogênicos que afetam os mangues Avicennia schaueriana Stapf. & Leech, Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn.f. e Rhizophora mangle L. e os níveis de vulnerabilidade decorrentes da tensão, no complexo estuarino Real-Piauí-Fundo/ Sergipe. Mediante adaptações na metodologia de Laranjeira e de Oliveira com Melo e Souza, foram determinadas características definidoras da transformação dos mangues. Os tensores foram observados sistematicamente nos estuários inferior, médio e superior, com base na definição prévia de atributos de tensão. Para avaliação conjunta dos tensores, foram determinados pesos e calculado o reescalonamento da vulnerabilidade. Os dados expressos em quadros, gráficos e mapa produzido no ArcGis, revelam: o estuário médio constitui a área de menor tensão antrópica; e o superior a área de maior vulnerabilidade, com a maior parte da faixa de mangues fora dos limites do polígono da Área de Proteção Ambiental do Litoral Sul, quando visualizados os limites da APA e as localidades da pesquisa. A sensibilidade dos estuários inferior e médio, que estão dentro da APA, foi classificada como elevada e moderada, respectivamente, revelando que os mangues do complexo estuarino estão sujeitos aos riscos das ações humanas. Mesmo dentro de um complexo estuarino, os mangues apresentam capacidade de resposta distinta aos tensores antropogênicos e chances significativas de desaparecimento. Analysis of Mangrove Anthropogenic Tensors in the Real- Piauí-Fundo Estuarine Complex, south of Sergipe, Brasil ABSTRACTThe mangroves on the south coast of Sergipe survive amid the presence of anthropogenic tensors that compromise the existence of the mangrove ecosystem. The objective is to analyze the anthropogenic tensors that affect the Avicennia schaueriana (Stapf & Leech), Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C.F. Gaertn and Rhizophora mangle (L.) and the levels of vulnerability resulting from tension, in the Real-Piauí-Fundo/ Sergipe estuarine complex. The tensors were systematically observed in the lower, middle and upper estuaries, based on the previous definition of tension attributes. For the joint assessment of the tensors, weights were determined and the rescheduling of the vulnerability was calculated. The data expressed in charts, graphs and maps produced in ArcGis, reveal: the average estuary constitutes the area with the lowest anthropogenic tension; and the upper one, the most vulnerable area, with most of the mangrove strip outside the limits of the polygon of the Environmental Protection Area of the South Coast, when viewing the APA limits and the research locations. The sensitivity of the lower and middle estuaries, which are within the APA, was classified as high and moderate, respectively, revealing that the mangroves of the estuarine complex are subject to the risks of human actions. Even within an estuarine complex, the mangroves have a different response capacity to anthropogenic tensors and significant chances of disappearance.Keywords: mangrove vulnerability. environmental stressor. mangrove. anthropic actions.
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Costa, Vanessa Bastos Simões da, Gabriela Macêdo Aretakis de Almeida, Maria das Graças Santos das Chagas, and Rejane Magalhães de Mendonça Pimentel. "Indicadores Anatômicos Foliares Como Estratégias de Defesa Contra Elevada Incidência Luminosa (Anatomical Leaves Indicators as Defense Strategies Against High Luminosity)." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 4, no. 2 (2012): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v4i2.232733.
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Em ambientes sob elevada incidência de radiação solar, como a caatinga e a restinga, os vegetais buscam minimizar os efeitos danosos de condições estressantes, como a elevada intensidade luminosa, através de ajustes morfoanatômicos nas folhas. Este estudo busca compreender os caracteres morfoanatômicos que podem constituir estratégias de defesa ao excesso de luz incidente na superfície foliar de espécies estabelecidas em locais com elevada intensidade luminosa. Foram selecionadas duas áreas, uma com vegetação de caatinga e uma com vegetação de restinga, no Estado de Pernambuco. Em cada bioma, foram selecionadas quatro espécies entre as dominantes, sendo coletadas folhas para confecção de lâminas histológicas semipermanentes seguindo metodologia usual em anatomia vegetal. Na lâmina foliar foram analisadas a área foliar total, a espessura, o comprimento e a largura foliar. Foi obtida a medida da espessura da cutícula, epiderme, definido o grau de sinuosidade das paredes anticlinais, o tipo, a densidade e o índice de estômatos e tricomas. Também foi mensurada a espessura dos parênquimas paliçádico e esponjoso no mesofilo. Espécies de caatinga e restinga apresentam grupos de caracteres morfoanatômicos de adaptação às condições de elevadas incidência luminosa e conseqüente elevada temperatura. Isto permite a permanência dessas plantas em ambientes sob estas condições. A identificação de similaridade de caracteres funcionais em folhas de espécies estabelecidas na caatinga e na restinga sugere o desenvolvimento de caracteres em resposta às condições ambientais.Palavras - chave: Radiação solar, Anatomia foliar, Restinga, Caatinga. Anatomical Leaves Indicators as Defense Strategies Against High Light Incidence ABSTRACTIn environments under high solar radiation, such as caatinga and restinga, the plant minimize the harmful effects of stressful conditions, such as high light intensity, through morphological and anatomical adjustments in the leaves. This study aims to understand the morphological and anatomical features that may constitute defense strategies to excess light incident on the leaf surface species established in sites with high light intensity. We selected two areas, one with caatinga vegetation and restinga in the Pernambuco State. We selected four dominant species in each biome and collected leaves for preparation of histological slides semipermanent following the usual methodology in plant anatomy. In the leaf lamina were analyzed the total leaf area, thickness, length and leaf width. The thickness of the cuticle, epidermis, the degree of sinuosity of anticlinal walls, the type, density and stomatal index and trichomes were defined. The thickness of the palisade and spongy mesophyll were measured. Species of caatinga and restinga show groups of morphological and anatomical features of adaptation to high incidence of light and consequent elevated temperature. This allows the maintenance of these plants in environments under these conditions. The identification of functional similarity of characters in leaves established in the caatinga and restinga suggests the development of characters in response to environmental conditions. Keywords: Solar radiation, Leaf anatomy, Caatinga, Restinga
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Chávez-Valencia, Luis Elías, Claudia Hernández-Barriga, and Alejandro Manzano-Ramírez. "Modelación del envejecimiento de los pavimentos asfálticos con la metodología de la superficie de respuesta." Ingeniería, investigación y tecnología, October 1, 2011, 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fi.25940732e.2011.12n4.037.
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Saidina Amin, Nor Aishah, and Zaki Yamani Zakaria. "Optimization of Oxidative Coupling of Methane Using Response Surface Methodology." Jurnal Teknologi, January 20, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jt.v39.470.
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Tindak balas penggandingan beroksida metana (OCM) terhadap mangkin Li/MgO dioptimumkan menggunakan reka bentuk eksperimen daripada perisian Statsoft Statistica versi 6.0. Pemboleh ubah yang di pilih dalam kajian ialah suhu operasi, jumlah kadar aliran suapan per berat mangkin (F/W), dan peratus berat Li yang dimasukkan ke dalam mangkin MgO, manakala penukaran metana, kememilihan C2, dan keberhasilan C2 merupakan sambutannya. Model persamaan diuji menggunakan analisis Anova dengan 99% darjah keyakinan. Metodologi sambutan permukaan (RSM) digunakan bagi menentukan sambutan optimum. Dengan menggunakan analisis varians dan eksperimen tambahan, kejituan model dapat disahkan. Kata kunci: OCM, pengoptimuman, reka bentuk eksperimen, metodologi sambutan permukaan Oxidative Coupling of Methane (OCM) reaction over Li/MgO catalyst was optimized using experimental design from Statsoft Statistica version 6.0 software. The manipulated variables chosen in this study were operating temperature, total flow rate per weight of catalyst (F/W), and weight percent of Li doped into MgO catalyst, whilst methane conversion, C2 product selectivity, and C2 product yield were the responses. The equation model was tested with Anova analysis with 99% degree confidence. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to determine the optimum responses. By means of variance analysis and additional experiments, the adequacy of this model was confirmed. Key words: OCM, optimization, experimental design, response surface methodology
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Torres Celis, David, Daniel Salvador Rodríguez, Roger Baltazar Flores, and Raúl Siche. "Optimizing conditions of osmotic dehydration asparagus (Asparragus officinalis), using response surface methodology." Agroindustrial science, June 28, 2013, 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/agroind.science.2013.01.01.
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Baltazar Flores, Roger, Denil Carbajal Mariños, Nilson Baca Rodríguez, and Daniel Salvador Rodríguez. "Optimization of the conditions of pectin extraction from lemon rind french (Citrus medica) using response surface methodology." Agroindustrial science, December 31, 2013, 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/agroind.science.2013.02.01.
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Martínez-Mendoza, Iván, Adán Valles, and Jaime Sánchez-Leal. "Metodología de superficie de respuesta dual con variables de ruido cualitativas." Revista de Ingeniería Industrial, December 31, 2020, 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35429/jie.2020.13.4.13.18.
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The application of the response surface methodology in the optimization of industrial processes has had a great boom in recent decades, however, with a significant limitation, the null inclusion of qualitative factors in the noise variables. Since the methodology assumes the behavior of the noise factors as a continuous behavioral variable that follows a normal distribution. But what happens if this is not the case? How to treat a qualitative noise factor? What probability distribution would best fit the qualitative noise factor? What would be the correct inclusion of this type of noise factor in the methodology? This article summarizes the four-year research work from the mathematical approach to the new equations, case simulations using mathematical software and 2 real cases in maquiladora plants that manufacture plastic parts.
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Espínola Lozano, Francisco, Diego G. Fernández Valdivia, and Manuel Moya Vilar. "The influence of different technological co-adjuvants on the quality and yield of virgin olive oil using response surfaces methodology." Grasas y Aceites 59, no. 1 (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.2008.v59.i1.488.
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Chau Loo Kung, Elena, Alfonso Tesén Arroyo, and Jenny Valdez Arana. "Optimization of the general acceptability though affective tests and response surface methodology of a dry cacao powder mixture based beverage." Scientia agropecuaria, September 30, 2013, 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2013.03.05.
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Pinto, Flávia Santos Twardowski, André De Lima Berzagui, and Mariane Alves Palacios. "Padronização de um produto de confeitaria diet com a metodologia de superfície de resposta." #Tear: Revista de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia 2, no. 1 (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.35819/tear.v2.n1.a1784.
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Resumo: O segmento de produtos de panificação e confeitaria tem aumentado como resposta à demanda do mercado. Dentro deste segmento destacam-se os produtos para fins especiais, os quais visam atender um público específico. Diante disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo a produção de um produto de confeitaria diet, um bolo. O produto tecnológico escolhido utilizou a batata Yacon que, ao contrário da batata convencional, não eleva as taxas de açúcar no sangue na mesma proporção que os produtos com altos índices glicêmicos. Dessa forma, para avaliar a influência das variáveis batata Yacon e adoçante no bolo produzido, foi realizado um planejamento experimental 22 com quatro pontos centrais. Os bolos produzidos foram analisados por 100 assessores sensoriais, através de um método quantitativo de Escala Hedônica estruturada de nove pontos. Como resultados, observou-se que as variáveis batata Yacon e adoçante, bem como a interação entre elas, não apresentaram efeito significativo para os atributos sensoriais de sabor, textura e cor. Já a variável adoçante foi significativa para o atributo odor, bem como a interação entre a batata Yacon e o adoçante. Para os atributos sabor residual e aceitação global, a variável batata Yacon também apresentou efeito significativo. Estatisticamente, pode-se concluir que valores maiores de batata Yacon proporcionam melhor aceitação do produto produzido. Palavras-chave: Análise sensorial. Batata Yacon. Bolo diet STANDARDIZATION OF A DIET PRODUCT WITH RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY Abstract: The segment of bakery and confectionery products has increased in response to market demand. In these segment products for special purposes has highlighted. This work aimed at producing a diet confectionery product. The technological product was made by Yacon, that does not raise the blood sugar rate in proportion to the products with high glycemic indexes. Thus, to evaluate the influence of variables Yacon and sweetener in the diet cake, it was performed an Experimental Design 22 with four central. The cakes were analyzed by 100 sensory assessors through a quantitative method of Hedonic Scale of nine points. Variables Yacon and sweetener, as well as the interaction between them showed no significant effect on the flavor, firmness and color. Sweetener was significant for the attribute odor, as well as the interaction between Yacon and sweetener. For attributes aftertaste and overall acceptability variable, Yacon also had a significant effect. It was observed that larger quantities of Yacon provide better acceptance of the product produced. Keywords: Sensory Analysis. Yacon. cake diet.
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Rambo, Magale Karine Diel, Karla Jackeline Costa Rodrigues Almeida, Michele Cristiane Diel Rambo, and Edmond Aziz Baruque Filho. "The Response Surface Methodology as a tool to optimize the extraction and acid hydrolysis processes applied to babassu residues." Revista Brasileira de Pós-Graduação 13, no. 32 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.21713/2358-2332.2016.v13.953.
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Neste trabalho, a nova abordagem para obter extrativos, hemicelulose e lignina total a partir de típicos resíduos de biomassa brasileira é otimizada pela Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta (MSR). Os efeitos das variáveis reacionais, incluindo o tempo de reação e extração das hidrólises, assim como a razão molar do substrato álcool foram investigados. Foram usados modelos de regressão polinomiais quadráticos para analisar os dados experimentais. O coeficiente de determinação foi maior do que 0,85 e o modelo foi considerado adequado. Os dados obtidos demonstraram que as metodologias do Laboratório Nacional de Energia Renovável devem ser adequadas para cada tipo de biomassa. Além disso, com os resultados otimizados, estes dados podem ser empregados na produção de larga escala de combustíveis oriundos de biomassa.
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Ongkudon, Clarence M., Badarulhisam Abdul Rahman, and Azila Abd. Aziz. "Optimization of Critical Medium Components for the Expression of Recombinant Human Transferrin in Insect Cells Baculovirus System." Jurnal Teknologi, January 20, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jt.v45.338.
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Transferin manusia (hTf) memainkan peranan yang penting dalam fungsi bakteriostatik dan pengangkutan ferum dari bahagian penyimpanan ke sel–sel yang membiak melalui proses endositosis janaan reseptor. Sistem ekspresi bakulovirus sel serangga telah dipakai secara meluas sebagai sistem alternatif dalam penghasilan Transferin manusia rekombinan (rhTf). Kajian ini ditumpukan ke atas pengoptimuman glutamina, glukosa dan campuran lipid 1000x yang dapat meningkatkan penghasilan rhTf. Reka bentuk eksperimen yang melibatkan 17 eksperimen reka bentuk komposit berpusat (CCD) telah digunakan dan hasil kajian dianalisis oleh Statistika (Statsoft v. 5.0). Metodologi permukaan tindak balas (RSM) telah mengenalpasti nilai optimum parameterparameter yang dikaji iaitu glutamina=2211.20 mg/L, glukosa=1291.95 mg/L, dan campuran lipid 1000x=0.64 %v/v. Hasil optimasi menunjukkan peningkatan hasil rhTf sebanyak tiga kali ganda, iaitu daripada 19.89 μg/ml kepada 65.12 μg/ml. Kata kunci: Transferin manusia; bakulovirus sel serangga; reka bentuk eksperimen; reka bentuk komposit berpusat; metodologi permukaan tindak balas Human Transferrin (hTf) plays a big role in providing bacteriostatic functions as well as to transport iron from the storage part to all proliferating cells by receptor mediated endocytosis. Insect cells baculovirus expression system has been widely used as an alternative expression system for the production of recombinant human Transferrin (rhTf). This work focused mainly on the optimization of glutamine, glucose and lipid mixtures 1000x to increase rhTf yield. An experimental design involving 17 central composite design (CCD) experiments was employed and results were analyzed by Statistica (Statsoft v. 5.0). The response surface methodology (RSM) had identified the optimum values where glutamine=2211.20 mg/L, glucose=1291.95 mg/L, and lipid mixtures 1000x=0.64 %v/v. Using the optimized parameters, the studies demonstrated an increase in the rhTf yield by three–fold from 19.89 μg/ml to 65.12 μg/ml. Key words: Human transferrin; insect cells baculovirus; experimental design; central composite design; response surface methodology
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TANADA-PALMU, PATRICIA S., and CARLOS GROSSO. "EDIBLE WHEAT GLUTEN FILMS: DEVELOPMENT, MECHANICAL AND BARRIER PROPERTIES AND APPLICATION TO STRAWBERRIES ( Fragaria Ananassa)." Boletim do Centro de Pesquisa de Processamento de Alimentos 20, no. 2 (2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/cep.v20i2.1255.
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Filmes de glúten de trigo foram preparados em diferentes valores de pH e concentrações de glúten, etanol e glicerol. Seus efeitos sobre permeabilidade ao vapor de água e oxigênio, solubilidade em água, força de tensão e porcentagem de elongação foram avaliados usando-se a Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta. Menor permeabilidade ao oxigênio foi observada em menores concentrações de glicerol, glúten e etanol. As propriedades mecânicas foram principalmente afetadas pelas concentrações de glúten e glicerol e o filme mais resistente foi obtido quando maior concentração de glúten e menor de glicerol foram utilizadas. Coberturas de glúten de trigo aplicadas em morangos frescos reduziram as perdas de firmeza e de peso durante a estocagem em comparação com controle não revestido. Abstract Films from wheat gluten were prepared with different pH values and concentrations of gluten, ethanol and glycerol. Their effects on oxygen and water vapor permeabilities, water solubility, tensile strength and percent elongation at break were evaluated using Response Surface Methodology. The lowest oxygen permeability would be expected at low concentrations of glycerol, gluten and ethanol. The mechanical properties were mainly affected by gluten and glycerol concentrations and the most resistant film was obtained at high gluten and low glycerol concentrations. Wheat gluten coating applied to fresh strawberries reduced weight and firmness losses during storage as compared to uncoated controls.
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Viegas, Isabelle Moraes Amorim, Verônica Diniz da Silva, Aldaléa Lopes Brandes Marques, and Edmar Pereira Marques. "ESTUDO ELETROQUÍMICO SOBRE A OXIDAÇÃO DE BIODIESEL." Cadernos de Pesquisa, October 9, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2229.v20n.especialp26-35.
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Objetivando a preservação ambiental e a melhoria do desempenho dos motores dos transportes, a Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis estabelece a adição obrigatória de biodiesel ao diesel mineral em uma proporção de 5% de biodiesel, em volume, ao diesel. Um dos parâmetros de qualidade é o período de indução, que está relacionado com a estabilidade oxidativa do biodiesel e é determinado pelo método Rancimat. A RANP 14/12 estabelece o período de indução mínimo de 6 h, queindica que o biocombustível será estável por até 6 meses de armazenamento. O presente trabalho propõe uma metodologia eletroquímica para estudar o comportamento oxidativo do biodiesel, utilizando a técnica voltametria cíclica. O biodiesel metílico de soja, sintetizado a partir da rota com catálise básica homogênea, apresentou período de indução 4,88 h e foi utilizado em todos os experimentos deste trabalho. Dentre os meios estudados para os ensaios voltamétricos, optou-se pelo meio orgânico, utilizando ácido nítrico como eletrólito de suporte. A metodologia proposta apresentou boa resposta à oxidação eletroquímica do biodiesel, devido à boa linearidade de crescimento da corrente de pico anódico com as adições da amostra, com coeficiente de correlação 0,996, para concentrações de até 10,66 mg.mL-1 de biodiesel. A partir da concentração de 12,44 mg.mL-1, observa-se uma pequena perda de linearidade, que pode ser atribuída à limitação do processo catalítico na superfície do eletrodo de ouro e à possível formação de um filme de poliacetonitrila. Os resultados obtidos no presente trabalho confirmam a viabilidade do método proposto para o estudo eletroquímico sobre a oxidação do biodiesel.Palavras-chave: Biodiesel. Estabilidade Oxidativa. Voltametria Cíclica. ELECTROCHEMICAL STUDY ABOUT THE OXIDATION OF BIODIESELAbstract: Aiming environmental preservation and improvement on performance of engines transports, the Brazilian National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels establishes the mandatory addition of biodiesel to mineral diesel in Brazil, in a proportion of 5% of biodiesel, in volume, to diesel. One of the quality parameters of the biodiesel is the induction period, which is related to its oxidative stability, it being determined by the Rancimat method. The RANP no 14/2012 establishes a minimum value of 6 h for the induction period, which indicates that the biofuel will be stable for 6 months storage. This work proposes an electrochemical methodology to study oxidative behavior of biodiesel, using cyclic voltammetry technique. A methylic soybean biodiesel was synthesized through a basic catalysis homogeneous route, presenting an induction period of 4,88 h, which was utilized in all experiments of this work. Among all conditions evaluated for the voltammetric study, the organic middle was the chosen, using nitric acid as supporting electrolyte, because it presented the best voltammetric results, in terms of resolution and sensitivity. The proposed methodology presented a good response for the electrochemical oxidation study of biodiesel, due to the good linear relationship obtained between the anodic peak current and biodiesel concentration, with a correlation coefficient of 0,996, to concentrations until 10,66 mg.mL-1 of biodiesel. From concentration of 12,44 mg.mL-1, a small deviation from linearity is observed, which could be attributed to the limitation of the catalytic process on the gold electrode surface and to the possible formation of a polyacetonitrile film.The results obtained in the present work confirm the viability of the proposed method to the electrochemical study about oxidation of biodiesel.Keywords: Biodiesel. Oxidative Stability. Cyclic Voltammetry. ESTUDIO ELECTROQUÍMICO SOBRE LA OXIDACIÓN DE BIODIESELResumen: Con el objetivo de preservar el medio ambiente y mejorar el desempeño de los motores de los transportes, la Agencia Nacional de Petróleo, Gas Natural y Biocombustibles establece la adición obligatoria de biodiesel al diesel mineral en una proporción de 5% de biodiesel, en volumen, de diesel. Uno de los parámetros de calidad es el período de inducción, que tiene relación con la estabilidad oxidativa del biodiesel y se determina por el método Rancimat. La RANP 14/12 establece el período de inducción mínimo de 6 h, que indica que el biocombustible será estable durante 6 meses de almacenamiento. En este trabajo se propone una metodología electroquímica para estudiar el comportamiento electroquímico de la oxidación de biodiesel, utilizando la técnica de voltametría cíclica. El biodiesel de soja metílico, sintetizado a partir de la ruta con catálisis básica homogénea, presentó período de inducción de 4,88 h y se utilizó en todos los experimentos de este trabajo. De las condiciones estudiadas para los ensayos de voltametría, el medio orgánico fue el elegido, usando ácido nítrico como electrólito de soporte. La metodología propuesta presenta una buena respuesta a la oxidación electroquímica del biodiesel, debido a la buena linealidad de aumento de la corriente de pico anódico con adición de muestra, con un coeficiente de correlación 0,996 para concentraciones de hasta 10,66 mg.mL-1 de biodiesel. Después de la concentración de 12,44 mg.mL-1, una pequeña desviación de la linealidad se observa, lo que podría atribuirse a la limitación del proceso catalítico en la superficie del electrodo de oro y a la posible formación de una película de poliacetonitrila. Los resultados obtenidos en el presente trabajo confirman la viabilidad del método propuesto para el estudio sobre la oxidación electroquímica de biodiesel.Palabras clave: Biodiesel. Estabilidad oxidativa. Voltametría cíclica.
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FIGUEIRA, EDSON LUIZ ZANGRANDO, MARCELA COLOGNESI DE SÁ, ELZA IOUKO IDA, and ELISA YOKO HIROOKA. "PRODUÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE AMILASE DE Fusarium moniliforme E Aspergillus flavus." Boletim do Centro de Pesquisa de Processamento de Alimentos 18, no. 1 (2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/cep.v18i1.1121.
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Considerando o interesse econômico da cultura do milho, alvo de ataque de fungos micotoxigênicos, esta investigação teve por objetivo a produção e caracterização bioquímica parcial de amilase das principais espécies problemáticas (Fusarium moniliforme e Aspergillus flavus). Empregandose cultivo em caldo de milho verde, adicionado de milho triturado, a maximização da produção de amilase de F. moniliforme e A. flavus ocorreu no 15o dia de fermentação. Submetendose o sobrenadante de cultura à precipitação fracionada com sulfato de amônio, entre 60 a 90% de saturação, obtevese a amilase fúngica, que foi caracterizada perante pH, temperatura e estabilidade térmica por metodologia de superfície de resposta. Em ambos os grupos fúngicos, a atividade enzimática foi maximizada em temperatura próxima a 40 °C, com pH em torno de 6,7 para amilase de F. moniliforme e 5,5 para A. flavus. A máxima estabilidade térmica da enzima de F. moniliforme ocorreu próximo a 21,0 °C. Abstract Regarding the economic relevance of corn culture and the fact that it can be a target to micotoxigenic fungi under improper storage conditions, this research aims the production of amylase and its partial biochemical characterization of the main problematic species Fusarium moniliforme and Aspergillus flavus. The fungi were cultivated in prepared medium containing both unripe and ground corn kernels. Maximum amylase production occurred on the 15th day of fermentation for both strains. The supernatant phase was fractionally precipitated with ammonium sulfate between 60 and 90% of saturation and the separated amylase had its parameters (pH, temperature and thermal stability) characterized by response surface methodology. Maximum activity was obtained at 40 °C and pH of 6.7 for the amylase of F. moniliforme and pH of 5.5 for the amylase of A. flavus. The optimal thermal stability for the enzyme of F. moniliforme occurred at 21 °C.
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"Reducción de la carga orgánica de aguas residuales tóxicas de los laboratorios de la unas mediante oxidación avanzada Foto – Fenton." Revista ECIPeru, June 27, 2018, 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33017/reveciperu2018.0005/.
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Reducción de la carga orgánica de aguas residuales tóxicas de los laboratorios de la unas mediante oxidación avanzada Foto – Fenton Gian Marco Castillo Avila, José Antonio Blaz Matienzo Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Av. Universitaria Km. 1.5 s/n, Tingo María-Perú Resumen Se investigó la reducción de la materia orgánica contenida en aguas residuales tóxicas proveniente de siete laboratorios de la Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva (Química General e Inorgánica, Fitoquimica, Análisis de Suelos, Bioquímica, Microscopia y Sanidad Animal) mediante el proceso Foto-Fenton solar. Para optimizar el proceso, se utilizó la metodología de superficie de respuesta, estudiando el efecto de los factores dosis de H2O2 y Fe (II) sobre la variable respuesta porcentaje de remoción de DQO. Previo al tratamiento se caracterizó el agua residual (DQO 10551 mgO2/L, DBO5 850 mgO2/L, fenoles totales 1740mg/L, nitratos 83250 mg/L, sulfatos 104402 mg/L y pH 2.8) cuyas concentraciones superan ampliamente los valores máximos admisibles. La concentración de Fe (II) fue la variable significativa sobre la remoción de la DQO. Con la optimización del proceso, se alcanzó remover un 95.3% de DQO, 67.88% de DBO5, 100% de fenoles totales 91.12% de nitratos y 90.4% de sulfatos, reduciendo la concentración de los parámetros hasta valores de: 495 mgO2/L, 273 mgO2/L, 0.002mg/L, 7312 mg/L y 10031 mg/L, respectivamente, los cuales se encuentran por debajo de los Valores Máximos Admisibles. Se logró incrementar el índice de biodegradabilidad (DBO5/DQO), partiendo de 0.08 de contenido de materia orgánica difícilmente biodegradable, hasta un óptimo de 0.57 de contenido de materia orgánica parcialmente biodegradable. Con lo que se comprueba que el agua residual tratada es menos toxica que el agua residual inicial. Descriptores: Aguas residuales, Foto-Fenton, Valores máximos admisible, biodegradabilidad. Abstract The reduction of the organic matter content in toxic waste water from the seven laboratories at the Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva (General Chemistry and Inorganic, Phytochemistry, Soil Analysis, Biochemistry, Microscopy and Animal Health) through the solar photo-Fenton process was researched. To optimize the process, the response surface methods were used, studying the dosing factors of H2O2 and Fe (II) on the variable, percentage of removal response of DQO (acronym in Spanish). Before treatment, the waste water was characterized (DQO 10551 mgO2/L, DBO5 850 mgO2/L, total phenols 1740mg/L, nitrates 83250 mg/L, sulfates 104402 mg/L and pH 2.8); having concentrations which greatly surpassed the maximum allowable values. The concentration of Fe (II) was the significant variable for the removal of the DQO. With the optimization of the process, it was possible to remove a 95.3% of the DQO, 67.88% of the DBO5 (acronym in Spanish), 100% of the total phenols, 91.12% of the nitrates and 90.4% of the sulfates was achieved, reducing the concentration of the parameters to values of: 495 mgO2/L, 273 mgO2/L, 0.002mg/L, 7312 mg/L and 10031 mg/L, respectively, which come in under the maximum allowable values. An increase in the biodegradable index (DBO5/DQO) was achieved, having started with 0.08 difficult biodegradable organic matter content, reaching an optimal 0.57 partially biodegradable organic matter content. With which, it is proven that the treated waste water is less toxic than the initial waste water. Keywords: waste water, Foto-Fenton, Maximum admissible values, biodegradability.
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"Reducción de la carga orgánica de aguas residuales tóxicas de los laboratorios de la unas mediante oxidación avanzada Foto – Fenton." Revista ECIPeru, December 28, 2018, 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33017/reveciperu2018.0006/.
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Reducción de la carga orgánica de aguas residuales tóxicas de los laboratorios de la unas mediante oxidación avanzada Foto – Fenton Gian Marco Castillo Avila, José Antonio Blaz Matienzo Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Av. Universitaria Km. 1.5 s/n, Tingo María-Perú DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2018.0006/ Resumen Se investigó la reducción de la materia orgánica contenida en aguas residuales tóxicas proveniente de siete laboratorios de la Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva (Química General e Inorgánica, Fitoquimica, Análisis de Suelos, Bioquímica, Microscopia y Sanidad Animal) mediante el proceso Foto-Fenton solar. Para optimizar el proceso, se utilizó la metodología de superficie de respuesta, estudiando el efecto de los factores dosis de H2O2 y Fe (II) sobre la variable respuesta porcentaje de remoción de DQO. Previo al tratamiento se caracterizó el agua residual (DQO 10551 mgO2/L, DBO5 850 mgO2/L, fenoles totales 1740mg/L, nitratos 83250 mg/L, sulfatos 104402 mg/L y pH 2.8) cuyas concentraciones superan ampliamente los valores máximos admisibles. La concentración de Fe (II) fue la variable significativa sobre la remoción de la DQO. Con la optimización del proceso, se alcanzó remover un 95.3% de DQO, 67.88% de DBO5, 100% de fenoles totales 91.12% de nitratos y 90.4% de sulfatos, reduciendo la concentración de los parámetros hasta valores de: 495 mgO2/L, 273 mgO2/L, 0.002mg/L, 7312 mg/L y 10031 mg/L, respectivamente, los cuales se encuentran por debajo de los Valores Máximos Admisibles. Se logró incrementar el índice de biodegradabilidad (DBO5/DQO), partiendo de 0.08 de contenido de materia orgánica difícilmente biodegradable, hasta un óptimo de 0.57 de contenido de materia orgánica parcialmente biodegradable. Con lo que se comprueba que el agua residual tratada es menos toxica que el agua residual inicial. Descriptores: Aguas residuales, Foto-Fenton, Valores máximos admisible, biodegradabilidad. Abstract The reduction of the organic matter content in toxic waste water from the seven laboratories at the Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva (General Chemistry and Inorganic, Phytochemistry, Soil Analysis, Biochemistry, Microscopy and Animal Health) through the solar photo-Fenton process was researched. To optimize the process, the response surface methods were used, studying the dosing factors of H2O2 and Fe (II) on the variable, percentage of removal response of DQO (acronym in Spanish). Before treatment, the waste water was characterized (DQO 10551 mgO2/L, DBO5 850 mgO2/L, total phenols 1740mg/L, nitrates 83250 mg/L, sulfates 104402 mg/L and pH 2.8); having concentrations which greatly surpassed the maximum allowable values. The concentration of Fe (II) was the significant variable for the removal of the DQO. With the optimization of the process, it was possible to remove a 95.3% of the DQO, 67.88% of the DBO5 (acronym in Spanish), 100% of the total phenols, 91.12% of the nitrates and 90.4% of the sulfates was achieved, reducing the concentration of the parameters to values of: 495 mgO2/L, 273 mgO2/L, 0.002mg/L, 7312 mg/L and 10031 mg/L, respectively, which come in under the maximum allowable values. An increase in the biodegradable index (DBO5/DQO) was achieved, having started with 0.08 difficult biodegradable organic matter content, reaching an optimal 0.57 partially biodegradable organic matter content. With which, it is proven that the treated waste water is less toxic than the initial waste water. Keywords: waste water, Foto-Fenton, Maximum admissible values, biodegradability.
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"Reducción de la carga orgánica de aguas residuales tóxicas de los laboratorios de la unas mediante oxidación avanzada Foto – Fenton." Revista ECIPeru, June 27, 2018, 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33017/reveciperu20180005.
Full textAbstract:
Reducción de la carga orgánica de aguas residuales tóxicas de los laboratorios de la unas mediante oxidación avanzada Foto – Fenton Gian Marco Castillo Avila, José Antonio Blaz Matienzo Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Av. Universitaria Km. 1.5 s/n, Tingo María-Perú Resumen Se investigó la reducción de la materia orgánica contenida en aguas residuales tóxicas proveniente de siete laboratorios de la Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva (Química General e Inorgánica, Fitoquimica, Análisis de Suelos, Bioquímica, Microscopia y Sanidad Animal) mediante el proceso Foto-Fenton solar. Para optimizar el proceso, se utilizó la metodología de superficie de respuesta, estudiando el efecto de los factores dosis de H2O2 y Fe (II) sobre la variable respuesta porcentaje de remoción de DQO. Previo al tratamiento se caracterizó el agua residual (DQO 10551 mgO2/L, DBO5 850 mgO2/L, fenoles totales 1740mg/L, nitratos 83250 mg/L, sulfatos 104402 mg/L y pH 2.8) cuyas concentraciones superan ampliamente los valores máximos admisibles. La concentración de Fe (II) fue la variable significativa sobre la remoción de la DQO. Con la optimización del proceso, se alcanzó remover un 95.3% de DQO, 67.88% de DBO5, 100% de fenoles totales 91.12% de nitratos y 90.4% de sulfatos, reduciendo la concentración de los parámetros hasta valores de: 495 mgO2/L, 273 mgO2/L, 0.002mg/L, 7312 mg/L y 10031 mg/L, respectivamente, los cuales se encuentran por debajo de los Valores Máximos Admisibles. Se logró incrementar el índice de biodegradabilidad (DBO5/DQO), partiendo de 0.08 de contenido de materia orgánica difícilmente biodegradable, hasta un óptimo de 0.57 de contenido de materia orgánica parcialmente biodegradable. Con lo que se comprueba que el agua residual tratada es menos toxica que el agua residual inicial. Descriptores: Aguas residuales, Foto-Fenton, Valores máximos admisible, biodegradabilidad. Abstract The reduction of the organic matter content in toxic waste water from the seven laboratories at the Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva (General Chemistry and Inorganic, Phytochemistry, Soil Analysis, Biochemistry, Microscopy and Animal Health) through the solar photo-Fenton process was researched. To optimize the process, the response surface methods were used, studying the dosing factors of H2O2 and Fe (II) on the variable, percentage of removal response of DQO (acronym in Spanish). Before treatment, the waste water was characterized (DQO 10551 mgO2/L, DBO5 850 mgO2/L, total phenols 1740mg/L, nitrates 83250 mg/L, sulfates 104402 mg/L and pH 2.8); having concentrations which greatly surpassed the maximum allowable values. The concentration of Fe (II) was the significant variable for the removal of the DQO. With the optimization of the process, it was possible to remove a 95.3% of the DQO, 67.88% of the DBO5 (acronym in Spanish), 100% of the total phenols, 91.12% of the nitrates and 90.4% of the sulfates was achieved, reducing the concentration of the parameters to values of: 495 mgO2/L, 273 mgO2/L, 0.002mg/L, 7312 mg/L and 10031 mg/L, respectively, which come in under the maximum allowable values. An increase in the biodegradable index (DBO5/DQO) was achieved, having started with 0.08 difficult biodegradable organic matter content, reaching an optimal 0.57 partially biodegradable organic matter content. With which, it is proven that the treated waste water is less toxic than the initial waste water. Keywords: waste water, Foto-Fenton, Maximum admissible values, biodegradability.
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Queiroz, Faldryene de Sousa, Luciana Ellen Dantas Costa, Geisa Maciel da Silva, and Mylena de Araújo Régis. "Perfil e conduta dos cirurgiões-dentistas de Patos-PB frente aos traumatismos dentoalveolares." ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION 8, no. 7 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.21270/archi.v8i7.3803.
Full textAbstract:
Os traumatismos dentários são frequentes na rotina clínica dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas e a correta conduta do tratamento é fundamental para um bom prognóstico. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil e a conduta dos cirurgiões-dentistas das 41 Unidades Básicas de Saúde do município de Patos-PB frente aos traumatismos dentários. Metodologia: Para coleta de dados foi aplicado um questionário contendo perguntas sobre o perfil demográfico dos profissionais e a experiência com traumatismo dental. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo Qui-quadrado, com margem de erro de 5%. Resultados: 66,7% dos Cirurgiões-dentistas eram do sexo feminino, 83,3% fizeram a graduação em instituição de ensino pública, 33,3% possuíam mais de 10 anos de formados, 53,3% eram especialistas, apenas 10% relataram ter algum tipo de cursos na área e a especialidade predominante foi a de Saúde da Família (16,7%). Sobre a prevalência do trauma dental na rotina de atendimentos, 46,7% dos entrevistados relataram ter recebido pacientes com traumatismo dentário, destes, 36,7% receberam apenas casos de fratura dental e 10% receberam tanto fratura como avulsão dental, 92,8% realizaram o primeiro atendimento e 7,2% encaminharam para outro local e 56,7% relataram sentirem-se seguros para realizar o atendimento. A relação entre a segurança no atendimento com variáveis de perfil e conduta não demonstrou associação estatisticamente significante (p>0,05). Conclusão: Observou-se uma alta prevalência de traumatismo dentário e que muitos profissionais ainda não se sentem seguros para prestarem o atendimento imediato, sendo necessário mais incentivo em cursos na área, visando otimizar a assistência ao paciente com trauma dental.Descritores: Odontólogos; Conhecimento; Traumatismo Dentário.ReferênciasDuarte DA, Bonecker MS, Santanna GR, Suga SS. 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Dent Traumatol. 2012;28(1)2-12.Pereira AC, Silveira VAS, Rosa LEB, Rocha RF. Prescrição medicamentosa em odontopediatria. Rev odontol UNESP. 2009;38(4):256-62.Guimarães S, Moura D, Silva PS. Terapêutica Medicamentosa e Suas Bases Farmacológicas. 5.ed. Porto: Porto Editora, 2006.Andersson L, Andreasen JO, Day P, Heithersay G, Trope M, Diangelis AJ et al. International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 2. Avulsion of permanent teeth. Dent Traumatol. 2012;28(2):88-96.Trope, M. Clinical management of the avulsed tooth: Present strategies and future directions. Dent Traumatol. 2002;18(1):1-11.Fagundes Ddos, de Mendonça IL, de Albuquerque MT, Inojosa Ide F. Spontaneous healing responses detected by cone‐beam computed tomography of horizontal root fractures: a report of two cases. Dent Traumatol. 2014;30(6):484-87.Mankar N, Jogad N, Chute A, Patil S, Gade V, Mohkar S. Management of horizontal root fracture: two case reports. IOSR J Dent Med Sci. 2014;13(4):1-4.Kinirons MJ, Gregg TA, Welbury RR, Cole BO. Variations in the presenting andt treatment features in reimplant permanent incisors in children and their effect on the prevalence of root resorption. Br Dent J. 2000;189(5):263-66.Panzarini SR, Gulineli JL, Poi WR, Sonoda CK, Pedrini D, Brandini DA. Treatment of root surface in delayed tooth replantation: a review of literature. Dent Traumat. 2008;24(3):277-82.