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Journal articles on the topic 'Surface roughne'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Yun, Yong Il, Il Young Park, and Seung Jin Song. "Performance Degradation due to Blade Surface Roughness in a Single-Stage Axial Turbine." Journal of Turbomachinery 127, no. 1 (2005): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1811097.

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Turbine blades experience significant surface degradation with service. Previous studies indicate that an order-of-magnitude or greater increase in roughness height is typical, and these elevated levels of surface roughness significantly influence turbine efficiency and heat transfer. This paper presents measurement and a mean-line analysis of turbine efficiency reduction due to blade surface roughness. Performance tests have been conducted in a low-speed, single-stage, axial flow turbine with roughened blades. Sheets of sandpaper with equivalent sandgrain roughnesses of 106 and 400 μm have be

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2

Craig, Michael, Jay Raval, Bruce Tai, Albert Patterson, and Wayne Hung. "Effect of Channel Roughness on Micro-Droplet Distribution in Internal Minimum Quantity Lubrication." Dynamics 2, no. 4 (2022): 336–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dynamics2040019.

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This research studied the effect of channel roughness on micro-droplet distributions in internal minimum quantity lubrication for effective machining. Mixtures of different oils and air were flown though internal channels with simulated different roughness: as fabricated, partially threaded, and fully threaded. The airborne droplets were collected, analyzed, and compared with simulated results by computational fluid dynamics. For low-viscous lubricant, the rough channel surface helped to break large droplets in the boundary layer into smaller droplets and reintroduce them into the main downstr

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3

Kheur, Mohit, Tabrez Lakha, Saleha Shaikh, et al. "A Comparative Study on Simulated Chairside Grinding and Polishing of Monolithic Zirconia." Materials 15, no. 6 (2022): 2202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15062202.

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This study evaluated the effects of different simulated chairside grinding and polishing protocols on the physical and mechanical properties of surface roughness, hardness, and flexural strength of monolithic zirconia. Sintered monolithic zirconia specimens (15 mm × 3 mm × 3 mm) were abraded using three different burs: diamond bur, modified diamond bur (zirconia specified), and tungsten carbide bur, along with a group of unprepared specimens that served as a control group. The study was divided into two phases, Phase 1 and Phase 2. Surface roughness, surface hardness, and flexural strength wer

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Wang, Jun, Jose Antonio Sánchez, Borja Izquierdo, and Izaro Ayesta. "Influence of AISI D2 Workpiece Roughness on Heat Partition and Plasma Channel Radius in the WEDM Process." Metals 10, no. 10 (2020): 1360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10101360.

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As an important advanced machining process, in Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) certain fundamental issues remain need to be studied in-depth, such as the effect of part surface roughness on heat transfer mechanisms. In the WEDM process, roughing cut wire goes into the workpiece to do the first shaping and in trim cut the wire sweeps on the outer surface to improve the surface roughness. In both of these two cases, the generation of sparks depends on the passing surface roughness. Therefore, with AISI D2 material and brass wire, this paper presents a study of the influence of part su

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Mulleners, K., P. Gilge, and S. Hohenstein. "Impact of Surface Roughness on the Turbulent Wake Flow of a Turbine Blade." Journal of Aerodynamics 2014 (December 30, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/458757.

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Roughened aeroengine blade surfaces lead to increased friction losses and reduced efficiency of the individual blades. The surface roughness also affects the wake flow of the blade and thus the inflow conditions for the subsequent compressor or turbine stage. To investigate the impact of surface roughness on a turbulent blade wake, we conducted velocity field measurements by means of stereo particle image velocimetry in the wake of a roughened turbine blade in a linear cascade wind tunnel. The turbine blade was roughened at different chordwise locations. The influence of the chordwise location

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XIAO, BOQI, YIDAN ZHANG, YAN WANG, et al. "A FRACTAL MODEL FOR KOZENY–CARMAN CONSTANT AND DIMENSIONLESS PERMEABILITY OF FIBROUS POROUS MEDIA WITH ROUGHENED SURFACES." Fractals 27, no. 07 (2019): 1950116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x19501160.

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In this paper, fluid transport through fibrous porous media is studied by the fractal theory with a focus on the effect of surface roughness of capillaries. A fractal model for Kozeny–Carman (KC) constant and dimensionless permeability of fibrous porous media with roughened surfaces is derived. The determined KC constant and dimensionless permeability of fibrous porous media with roughened surfaces are in good agreement with available experimental data and existing models reported in the literature. It is found that the KC constant of fibrous porous media with roughened surfaces increases with

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7

Jemat, Afida, Mariyam Jameelah Ghazali, Masfueh Razali, and Yuichi Otsuka. "Effects of Surface Treatment on Titanium Alloys Substrate by Acid Etching for Dental Implant." Materials Science Forum 819 (June 2015): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.819.347.

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Many studies were carried out to investigate the ability of titanium alloys for dental implant. Surface treatment is one of the famous methods to increase the titanium surface properties. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of acid etching on the surface topography and roughness of titanium alloys (Ti6Al4V ASTM 1472-99). Acid etchings were carried out by using different type of acids with same time exposures. All etched surface were characterized by using an X-ray diffraction (XRD), a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a roughness tester. Acid etched and pure surface we

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8

Alaskari, Ayman M., Abdulaziz I. Albannai, Meshal Y. Alawadhi, Abdulkareem S. Aloraier, Tatiana Liptakova, and Abdullah A. Alazemi. "Surface Evaluation of a Multi-Pass Flexible Magnetic Burnishing Brush for Rough and Soft Ground 60/40 Brass." Materials 13, no. 19 (2020): 4465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13194465.

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Burnishing is an advanced finishing process that produces higher-quality surfaces with better hardness and roughness than conventional finishing processes. Herein, a flexible magnetic burnishing brush comprising stainless steel pins under permanent magnet poles was used to investigate the influence of multiple passes and directions on the produced surface of soft and rough ground prepared brass. In total, five different samples were burnished on each of the two brass samples prepared. Four samples were processed in the same direction for up to four passes and the fifth sample was processed wit

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9

Taslim, M. E., L. Setayeshgar, and S. D. Spring. "An Experimental Evaluation of Advanced Leading Edge Impingement Cooling Concepts." Journal of Turbomachinery 123, no. 1 (2000): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1331537.

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The main objective of this experimental investigation was to measure the convective heat transfer coefficient of impingement for different target wall roughness geometries of an airfoil leading edge, for jet to wall spacings and exit flow schemes. Available data in the open literature apply mostly to impingement on flat or curved smooth surfaces. This investigation covered two relatively new features in blade leading-edge cooling concepts: curved and roughened target surfaces. Experimental results are presented for four test sections representing the leading-edge cooling cavity with cross-over

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10

Li, Biying, Tairan Fu, and Congling Shi. "Correlations between High-Temperature Oxidation Kinetics and Thermal Radiation Characteristics of Micro-Structured Nickel Surfaces Oxidized at 1173 K." Metals 9, no. 1 (2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9010017.

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Micro-structured surface functional materials were widely used in electronics, batteries, solar cells, and many other products. However, oxidation at high temperatures greatly affects the material service life and performance. This study focuses on the oxide layer characteristics after high-temperature oxidation and the thermal emissivity of metal materials with micro-structured surfaces. Micro-structured surfaces with various groove morphologies were prepared on 99.9% purity nickel samples. The high-temperature oxidation characteristics of the nickel samples with the microstructure surfaces a

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11

Bhushan, Bharat, and Kristian To̸nder. "Roughness-Induced Shear- and Squeeze-Film Effects in Magnetic Recording—Part II: Applications." Journal of Tribology 111, no. 2 (1989): 228–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3261893.

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Surface roughness-induced hydrodynamic gas lubrication theory including rarefaction effects is used to explain the effects of surface roughness on the magnetic head-medium spacing. Since video-recording operates at h/σ (film thickness/standard deviations of composite roughness) ≤ 3, the spacing increases with the roughness because the head surface remains at the distance on the order of 3σ from the mean of the tape surface. Data processing tapes operate at h/σ ≥ 4, and the increase in spacing with the roughness is found to be due to roughness-induced squeeze films. Squeeze motion can be genera

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12

Salami, Daniele, and Maria Aparecida Alves de Cerqueira Luz. "Effect of prophylactic treatments on the superficial roughness of dental tissues and of two esthetic restorative materials." Pesquisa Odontológica Brasileira 17, no. 1 (2003): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1517-74912003000100012.

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Dental prophylaxis is a common way to remove dental plaque and stain, both undesirable factors in most dentistry procedures. However, besides cleaning the tooth surface, prophylactic techniques may increase the surface roughness of restorations and dental tissues, which, in turn, may result in plaque accumulation, superficial staining and superficial degradation. This study evaluated the effect of three prophylactic techniques - sodium bicarbonate jet, pumice paste and whiting paste - on the superficial roughness of two restorative materials - a composite resin and a compomer - and on the supe

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13

Khanna, Himanshu, and Harminder Singh. "Effect of Surface Roughness of Roller Burnishing Process on 20MNCR5 Steel." International Scientific Journal of Engineering and Management 04, no. 03 (2025): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.55041/isjem02318.

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Burnishing process is used to smooth the surface of 20MnCr5 steel. The surface roughness of the steel is influenced by the burnishing parameters such as number of passes, feed, speed, and depth of penetration. The results show that the initial roughness is the most important factor affecting the surface finish. To reduce the roughness, it is necessary to optimize the process parameters. In this paper, the effect of burnished parameters on the surface finishing and wear resistance of the mechanical components is investigated. Results show that burnishing process parameters have a significant im

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14

Zhong, Zhao-Wei. "Surface roughness of machined wood and advanced engineering materials and its prediction: A review." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 5 (2021): 168781402110176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878140211017632.

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This article discusses the surface roughness of wood and advanced engineering materials after machining and its prediction. The topics are surface roughness of precision-machined advanced engineering materials, machining of WC and Inconel, rapidly solidified Al alloys, surface roughness of wood materials, and prediction of surface roughness. Findings include that ductile streaks on silicon and glass surfaces ground or lapped with inexpensive machines largely reduced the polishing time to obtain the required surface roughness. Abrasive jet machining could remove the patterns from recycled wafer

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15

Tang, Yiwei, Nianwei Dai, Jun Wu, Yiming Jiang, and Jin Li. "Effect of Surface Roughness on Pitting Corrosion of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Investigated by Electrochemical Noise Measurements." Materials 12, no. 5 (2019): 738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12050738.

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The influence of surface roughness on the pitting corrosion behaviour of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) in a chloride-containing environment was investigated using electrochemical noise (EN) techniques and morphology observation. A rougher surface condition increased the frequency of pit initiation because of the increase in more occluded pit sites. Rough surface finish also accelerated pit growth by increasing the actual dissolution rate in the pit. Metastable pits on rougher surfaces had longer lifetimes and grew to larger sizes, as their inner chemical environment was more easily maintai

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16

Grosfils, Patrick, and James F. Lutsko. "Impact of Surface Roughness on Crystal Nucleation." Crystals 11, no. 1 (2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010004.

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We examine the effect of rough surfaces on crystal nucleation by means of kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. Our work makes use of three-dimensional kMC models, explicit representation of transport in solution and rough surfaces modeled as randomly varying height fluctuations (roughness) with exponentially decaying correlation length (topology). We use Forward-Flux Sampling to determine the nucleation rate for crystallization for surfaces of different roughness and topology and show that the effect on crystallization is a complex interplay between the two. For surfaces with low roughness, small

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17

Teng, Fu-Yuan, Chia-Ling Ko, Hsien-Nan Kuo, et al. "A Comparison of Epithelial Cells, Fibroblasts, and Osteoblasts in Dental Implant Titanium Topographies." Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/687291.

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The major challenge for dental implants is achieving optimal esthetic appearance and a concept to fulfill this criterion is evaluated. The key to an esthetically pleasing appearance lies in the properly manage the soft tissue profile around dental implants. A novel implant restoration technique on the surface was proposed as a way to augment both soft- and hard-tissue profiles at potential implant sites. Different levels of roughness can be attained by sandblasting and acid etching, and a tetracalcium phosphate was used to supply the ions. In particular, the early stage attaching and repopulat

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18

Soler, Daniel, Martín Telleria, M. Belén García-Blanco, Elixabete Espinosa, Mikel Cuesta, and Pedro José Arrazola. "Prediction of Surface Roughness of SLM Built Parts after Finishing Processes Using an Artificial Neural Network." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 6, no. 4 (2022): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6040082.

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A known problem of additive manufactured parts is their poor surface quality, which influences product performance. There are different surface treatments to improve surface quality: blasting is commonly employed to improve mechanical properties and reduce surface roughness, and electropolishing to clean shot peened surfaces and improve the surface roughness. However, the final surface roughness is conditioned by multiple parameters related to these techniques. This paper presents a prediction model of surface roughness (Ra) using an Artificial Neural Network considering two parameters of the

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19

Schwartz, Z., C. H. Lohmann, J. Oefinger, L. F. Bonewald, D. D. Dean, and B. D. Boyan. "Implant Surface Characteristics Modulate Differentiation Behavior of Cells in the Osteoblastic Lineage." Advances in Dental Research 13, no. 1 (1999): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374990130011301.

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This paper reviews the role of surface roughness in the osteogenic response to implant materials. Cells in the osteoblast lineage respond to roughness in cell-maturation-specific ways, exhibiting surface-dependent morphologies and growth characteristics. MG63 cells, a human osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cell line, respond to increasing surface roughness with decreased proliferation and increased osteoblastic differentiation. Alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin production are increased. Local factor production is also affected; production of both TGF-β1 and PGE2 is increased. On roughe

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20

Nowak, Wojciech J. "Effect of Surface Roughness on Oxidation Resistance of Stainless Steel AISI 316Ti During Exposure at High Temperature." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 29, no. 12 (2020): 8060–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05267-x.

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AbstractIn the present work, the influence of surface roughness on oxidation kinetics of AISI 316Ti stainless steel and its consequences in term of oxidation resistance were investigated. Namely, the effect of surface roughness on oxidation resistance was evaluated during different types of cyclic oxidation tests at 900 and 1000 °C. The obtained results revealed that alloy possessing higher surface roughness showed longer lifetime compared to that with lower surface roughness. It was also found that more severe cyclic conditions suppressed the positive effect of surface roughness on sample’s l

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21

Bennett, Jean M. "Surface Roughness and Scattering." Proceedings of The Manufacturing & Machine Tool Conference 2004.5 (2004): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemmt.2004.5.15.

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22

Petersen, Philip G., Lloyd V. Smith, and Derek Nevins. "The effect of surface roughness on oblique bicycle helmet impact tests." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology 234, no. 4 (2020): 320–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754337120917809.

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The friction between a helmet and impact surface affects the accelerations imparted to the head. The roughness of the impact surface is, therefore, a consideration when developing oblique impact standards. An 80-grit abrasive paper is commonly used in oblique impact tests to simulate a road surface, but has not been validated for bicycle impacts and may not accurately represent real road surfaces. In the following study, a helmeted NOCSAE headform with a Hybrid III neck was dropped onto a 45° anvil at 6.5 m/s using a twin wire guided drop tower. Helmeted drops were performed in two orientation

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Yu, Ning, and Andreas A. Polycarpou. "Combining and Contacting of Two Rough Surfaces with Asymmetric Distribution of Asperity Heights." Journal of Tribology 126, no. 2 (2004): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1614822.

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The statistical approach of describing rough surfaces is extended to include the contact of two rough surfaces in which their distribution of asperity heights can either be symmetric or asymmetric, and the asymmetry is modeled using the normalized Weibull distribution. In considering the contact between two rough surfaces, as in most practical applications, the contact can be approximated by an equivalent rough surface in contact with a smooth plane. The roughness parameters of the equivalent surface are obtained using the spectral moment method, and its validity is verified using realistic su

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Lungevics, Janis, Ernests Jansons, and Karlis Agris Gross. "Skeleton Runner Roughness and Surface Contact Area Influence on Sliding Ability: Field Experiments." Key Engineering Materials 800 (April 2019): 303–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.800.303.

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Scientists and sport athletes are constantly seeking for the methods which could improve surface sliding ability on ice. Modifications of contact area and surface roughness are relatively easy but not yet fully understood methods for sliding ability improvements. This research contains information of how one can perform on-field experiments with skeleton sleigh to determine the influence of surface contact area and roughness on sliding ability. Two types of surface roughness i.e. polished (3000 grain sandpaper) and scratched (600 grain sandpaper) are compared using three different contact area

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25

Song, Kwanwoo, Jinwook Lee, Seong-O. Choi, and Jooyoun Kim. "Interaction of Surface Energy Components between Solid and Liquid on Wettability, and Its Application to Textile Anti-Wetting Finish." Polymers 11, no. 3 (2019): 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11030498.

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With various options of anti-wetting finish methods, this study intends to provide basic information that can be applied in selecting a relevant anti-wetting chemical to grant protection from spreading of liquids with different surface energy profiles. With such an aim, the anti-wetting effectiveness of fluorinated coating and silane coating was investigated for liquids having different surface energy components, water (WA), methylene iodide (MI) and formamide (FA). The wetting thermodynamics was experimentally investigated by analyzing dispersive and polar component surface energies of solids

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26

Mohd Foudzi, Farhana, Lai Yu Hung, Fathin Iliana Jamhari, et al. "Physical and Hardness Performance at Different Surfaces for Titanium Alloy (Ti6Al4V) Printed Using Selective Laser Melting Process (SLM)." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 36, no. 3 (2024): 1217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2024-36(3)-31.

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elective laser melting (SLM) 3D product is capable of producing varied surfaces such as top, core and bottom surface depending on the product dimensions and building orientation. Each surface may have differences in physical and mechanical properties such as surface roughness, microhardness, and microstructure. Therefore, this study examined the effects of SLM processing parameters as well as volumetric energy density (VED) on surface roughness, microhardness and microstructure on different 3D product surfaces. In this study, a sample of titanium alloy cube (Ti6Al4V) with different surfaces of

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27

Norafifah, H., M. Y. Noordin, S. Izman, and D. Kurniawan. "Acid Pretreatment of WC-Co for Surface Roughening and Cobalt Removal Prior to CVD Diamond Coating." Applied Mechanics and Materials 315 (April 2013): 592–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.315.592.

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Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond coatings are being developed to be applied on carbide cutting tools to enhance wear resistance and increase tool life. As a prerequisite, for ensuring adhesion of CVD diamond on tungsten carbide substrate, it is necessary to prepare high surface roughness and to remove the cobalt on tungsten carbide surface during the pretreatment. In this study, a two step acid pretreatment was examined for those purposes. Etching using modified Murakamis reagent was initially performed to roughen the surface. Subsequently, the carbide was immersed in nitric acid to rem

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Brandt, Bjoern, and Torsten Rabe. "Surface Characteristics of LTCC Substrates Fabricated by Pressure-Assisted Sintering." Journal of Microelectronics and Electronic Packaging 10, no. 4 (2013): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/imaps.385.

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Plane LTCC substrates can be produced in zero-shrinkage technology by pressure-assisted sintering. The application of axial pressure during sintering supports densification, enhances cofiring of different materials, and restrains deformation. However, the sintered surfaces are affected by the release tapes and by the setters used in the pressure-assisted sintering process. In this study, the effect of release tape particle size on the surface properties of sintered substrates was investigated. Moreover, the substitution of release tape by the use of a vitreous carbon setter was tested. Surface

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29

Fenelon, Thomas, Mahmoud M. Bakr, Laurence J. Walsh, and Roy George. "Effects of Lasers and Their Delivery Characteristics on Machined and Micro-Roughened Titanium Dental Implant Surfaces." Bioengineering 7, no. 3 (2020): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering7030093.

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The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of neodymium: yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) (1064 nm) and erbium: yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) (2940 nm) laser energy on titanium when delivered with conventional optics (focusing handpieces or plain ended optical fibres) or with a conical tip. Machined and micro-roughened implant discs were subjected to laser irradiation under a variety of energy settings either dry (without water) or wet (with water). Samples were scanned using a 3D non-contact laser profilometer and analysed for surface roughness, volume of peaks and the maximum d

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Brandt, Bjoern, and Torsten Rabe. "Surface Characteristics of LTCC Substrates Fabricated by Pressure-assisted Sintering." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2013, CICMT (2013): 000261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-tha42.

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Plane LTCC substrates can be produced in zero-shrinkage technology by pressure-assisted sintering. The application of axial pressure during sintering supports densification, enhances co-firing of different materials and restrains deformation. However, the sintered surfaces are affected from the release tapes and setters used in the pressure-assisted sintering process. In this study, the effect of release tape particle size on the surface properties of sintered substrates was investigated. Moreover, the substitution of release tape by the use of a vitreous carbon setter was tested. Surface roug

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Kheraif, Abdulaziz Abdullah Al. "Surface Roughness of Polyvinyl Siloxane Impression Materials Following Chemical Disinfection, Autoclave and Microwave Sterilization." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 14, no. 3 (2013): 483–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1349.

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ABSTRACT Background Autoclave sterilization and microwave sterilization has been suggested as the effective methods for the disinfection of elastomeric impressions, but subjecting elastomeric impressions to extreme temperature may have adverse effects on critical properties of the elastomers. Aim To evaluate the effect of chemical disinfection as well as autoclave and microwave sterilization on the surface roughness of elastomeric impression materials. Materials and methods The surface roughness of five commercially available polyvinyl siloxane impression materials (Coltene President, Affinis

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Weng Mei Kok, Heoy Geok How, Hun Guan Chuah, and Yew Heng Teoh. "Investigating Roughness Effect to Geometrically Necessary Dislocation in Micro-Indentation using Finite Element Analysis." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 104, no. 1 (2023): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/aram.104.1.2532.

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Surface roughness is a well-known factor in effecting to the hardness value in low indentation depth. The rougher surface induces a greater hardness value. However, the hardening mechanisms, such as the effect of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs), with surface roughness is rarely discussed. Therefore, the current study revealed the relationship between the surface roughness effect and the material dislocation through GNDs by using finite element analysis. 3D Crystal plasticity finite element indentation model was developed with various surface roughness between 24 to 140 nm and a ran

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Tilger, Meik, Dirk Biermann, Mohamed Abdulgader, and Wolfgang Tillmann. "The Effect of Machined Surface Conditioning on the Coating Interface of High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) Sprayed Coating." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 3, no. 3 (2019): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp3030079.

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Roughening the substrate surface is essential for thermal sprayed coatings. In this regard, sandblasting has established itself as an easy to use surface conditioning procedure. The quality of the obtained roughness depends on the conditions of the sandblasting material, adjusted parameters, and the kind of the process execution (manual or mechanical). These preconditions limit the reproducibility of the roughness obtained. Sandblasting causes residual compressive stress and may also lead to the inclusion of sand particles and notches in the roughened surface, which affects the interfacial pro

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Otto, K. A., K.-D. Matz, S. E. Schröder, et al. "Surface roughness of asteroid (162173) Ryugu and comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko inferred from in situ observations." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 500, no. 3 (2020): 3178–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3314.

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ABSTRACT Alteration processes on asteroid and comet surfaces, such as thermal fracturing, (micrometeorite) impacts or volatile outgassing, are complex mechanisms that form diverse surface morphologies and roughness on various scales. These mechanisms and their interaction may differ on the surfaces of different bodies. Asteroid Ryugu and comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, both, have been visited by landers that imaged the surfaces in high spatial resolution. We investigate the surface morphology and roughness of Ryugu and 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko based on high-resolution in situ images of 0.2 a

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Zhao, Da Peng, Yuan Zhang, He Min Nie, and Ming Yan. "Mesenchymal Stem Cells Adhesion on Micro-to-Nano-Scaled Hierarchical Ti Implants Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy and Anodization." Key Engineering Materials 770 (May 2018): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.770.70.

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The osseointegration of titanium (Ti) implants highly depends on their surface properties, including roughness, wettability and composition. Ti surfaces with micron-scale roughness have demonstrated more rapid bone apposition compared with polished ones. Besides, Ti implants with nanostructured surface also exhibit better cell adhesion and proliferation behavior. However, the optimal surface for bone regeneration is still unknown, partly due to the difficulty in fabricating surfaces with highly reproducible micron-and nanotopography. In this study, Ti implants with two hierarchies of roughness

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Podulka, Przemysław, Monika Kulisz, and Katarzyna Antosz. "Evaluation of High-Frequency Measurement Errors from Turned Surface Topography Data Using Machine Learning Methods." Materials 17, no. 7 (2024): 1456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17071456.

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Manufacturing processes in industry applications are often controlled by the evaluation of surface topography. Topography, in its overall performance, includes form, waviness, and roughness. Methods of measurement of surface roughness can be roughly divided into tactile and contactless techniques. The latter ones are much faster but sensitive to external disturbances from the environment. One type of external source error, while the measurement of surface topography occurs, is a high-frequency noise. This noise originates from the vibration of the measuring system. In this study, the methods f

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Xu, Zhijia, Qinghui Wang, and Jingrong Li. "Modeling porous structures with fractal rough topography based on triply periodic minimal surface for additive manufacturing." Rapid Prototyping Journal 23, no. 2 (2017): 257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-09-2015-0121.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a general mathematic approach to model the microstructures of porous structures produced by additive manufacturing (AM), which will result in fractal surface topography and higher roughness that have greater influence on the performance of porous structures. Design/methodology/approach The overall shapes of pores were modeled by triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS), and the micro-roughness details attached to the overall pore shapes were represented by Weierstrass–Mandelbrot (W-M) fractal representation, which was integrated with TPMS along its

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Cai, Zhi-Jie, Xi-Qing Zheng, Hui-Qing Lan, Liu-Na Wang, Si-Wei Yang, and Rui Shen. "Predictive Model for Scuffing Temperature Field Rise of Spiral Bevel Gears under Different Machining Conditions." Lubricants 12, no. 10 (2024): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12100354.

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Spiral bevel gears are extensively employed in mechanical transmissions; however, they are prone to adhesive wear when operating under high-speed and heavy-load conditions. Research indicates that the tooth surface roughness of gears significantly influences the friction and wear of the meshing gears. The present study delves into the origins of tooth surface roughness through the integration of the W-M function and fractal theory. Utilizing an involute helical gear with surface roughness for tooth cutting, a three-dimensional model is established with roughened tooth surfaces. This paper intr

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Zhou, Zilong, Jing Zhang, Xin Cai, Shanyong Wang, Xueming Du, and Haizhi Zang. "Permeability Experiment of Fractured Rock with Rough Surfaces under Different Stress Conditions." Geofluids 2020 (June 1, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9030484.

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To investigate the permeability changes and the mechanisms of fractured rock under dynamic and static stresses produced by earthquakes, permeability experiments on fractured rock with rough surfaces under axial dynamic and static stresses were conducted on the MTS815 Rock Mechanics Testing System. Surface asperity was investigated by scanning the specimen surfaces before and after testing. The results show that the roughness of fracture surface has a great influence on the permeability when the axial displacement is not enough to cause the fracture rock to slip. Moreover, the rougher fracture

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Rifat, Mustafa, Saurabh Basu, Edward C. De Meter, and Guha Manogharan. "Effect of Prior Surface Textures on the Resulting Roughness and Residual Stress during Bead-Blasting of Electron Beam Melted Ti-6Al-4V." Crystals 12, no. 3 (2022): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12030374.

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The finishing of additive manufactured (AM) components is crucial for endowing them with fatigue resistance. Unfortunately, current AM processes naturally promote anisotropic surface characteristics that make it challenging to optimize finishing processes. In this study, bead-blasting is explored as a process for finishing Electron Beam Melted (EBM) Ti-6Al-4V. The effects of anisotropic roughness characteristics on the mechanics of bead-blasting are delineated using surface texture measurements via optical profilometry and residual stress measurements via X-ray diffraction. As-received surface

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Kido, Daisuke, Keiji Komatsu, Toshikatsu Suzumura, et al. "Influence of Surface Contaminants and Hydrocarbon Pellicle on the Results of Wettability Measurements of Titanium." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 19 (2023): 14688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914688.

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Hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity—or wettability—is a key surface characterization metric for titanium used in dental and orthopedic implants. However, the effects of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity on biological capability remain uncertain, and the relationships between surface wettability and other surface parameters, such as topography and chemistry, are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to identify determinants of surface wettability of titanium and establish the reliability and validity of the assessment. Wettability was evaluated as the contact angle of ddH2O. The age of titan

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Seo, Beomdeok, Hideyuki Kanematsu, Masashi Nakamoto, Yoshitsugu Miyabayashi, and Toshihiro Tanaka. "Copper Surface Treatment Method with Antibacterial Performance Using “Super-Spread Wetting” Properties." Materials 15, no. 1 (2022): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15010392.

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In this work, a copper coating is developed on a carbon steel substrate by exploiting the superwetting properties of liquid copper. We characterize the surface morphology, chemical composition, roughness, wettability, ability to release a copper ion from surfaces, and antibacterial efficacy (against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus). The coating shows a dense microstructure and good adhesion, with thicknesses of approximately 20–40 µm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals that the coated surface structure is composed of Cu, Cu2O, and CuO. The surface roughness and contact angle m

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Honda, Takashi, Katsuyuki Kida, Edson Costa Santos, and Yuji Kashima. "The Influence of Surface Texture on Rolling-Contact Fatigue of PEEK Bearings in Water." Advanced Materials Research 154-155 (October 2010): 1713–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.154-155.1713.

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The effect of machining conditions on the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) strength of PEEK polymer bearings was investigated. RCF tests were carried out by using bearings machined by different conditions. The surface profile and roughness were observed before and after testing by laser confocal microscope. Pitting and cracking were associated with the different initial surface conditions. From the obtained results, we found that the RCF strength of machined surfaces decreases when the surface becomes rougher.

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Pereira, Rita, Paulo Maia, Jose Vicente Rios-Santos, et al. "Influence of Titanium Surface Residual Stresses on Osteoblastic Response and Bacteria Colonization." Materials 17, no. 7 (2024): 1626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17071626.

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Grit basting is the most common process applied to titanium dental implants to give them a roughness that favors bone colonization. There are numerous studies on the influence of roughness on osseointegration, but the influence of the compressive residual stress associated with this treatment on biological behavior has not been determined. For this purpose, four types of surfaces have been studied using 60 titanium discs: smooth, smooth with residual stress, rough without stress, and rough with residual stress. Roughness was studied by optic interferometry; wettability and surface energy (pola

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El-Gabry, Lamyaa A., and Deborah A. Kaminski. "Experimental Investigation of Local Heat Transfer Distribution on Smooth and Roughened Surfaces Under an Array of Angled Impinging Jets." Journal of Turbomachinery 127, no. 3 (2004): 532–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1861918.

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Measurements of the local heat transfer distribution on smooth and roughened surfaces under an array of angled impinging jets are presented. The test rig is designed to simulate impingement with crossflow in one direction. Jet angle is varied between 30, 60, and 90deg as measured from the target surface, which is either smooth or randomly roughened. Liquid crystal video thermography is used to capture surface temperature data at five different jet Reynolds numbers ranging between 15,000 and 35,000. The effect of jet angle, Reynolds number, gap, and surface roughness on heat transfer and pressu

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J. Nowak, Wojciech, Krzysztof Siemek, Kamil Ochał, Barbara Kościelniak, and Bartek Wierzba. "Consequences of Different Mechanical Surface Preparation of Ni-Base Alloys during High Temperature Oxidation." Materials 13, no. 16 (2020): 3529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13163529.

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The influence of surface roughness on its high temperature oxidation for an Ni-base superalloy was studied using laser profilometry, atomic force microscopy, mass change measurements, glow-discharge optical emission spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and positron annihilation methods. The isothermal and cyclic air oxidation tests were performed at 1000 °C and showed dependence of oxidation behavior on surface roughness. Smoother surfaces oxidation resulted in the formation of a multilayered oxide scale consisting of NiO, Cr2O3, and internally oxidized Al2O3 while a

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XU, YUTING, XIAOLI CAO, CARL HOUTMAN, BO LI, WENXUAN MO, and XIAOHONG LI. "Effects of metal surface morphology on deposition behavior of microstickies from papermaking white water." TAPPI Journal 22, no. 7 (2023): 466–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj22.7.466.

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Deposition of small adhesive particles, called microstickies, onto pulp processing equipment and paper machines causes quality and operational problems for recycling mills. The factors that control deposition of microstickies onto surfaces of metal parts remain unclear. In this work, aluminum surfaces with a range of surface roughness were exposed to slurries containing micros-tickies. The deposition results showed that flat surfaces promote the aggregation and deposition of microstickies particles. Uneven surfaces tended to favor deposition of smaller microstickies, 0.2–1 μm, which may be rel

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Goyenvalle, Eric, Eric Aguado, Ronan Cognet, Xavier Bourges, and G. Daculsi. "Calcium Phosphate Ceramic Blasting on Titanium Surface Improve Bone Ingrowth." Key Engineering Materials 361-363 (November 2007): 1351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.361-363.1351.

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Surface roughness modulates the osseointegration of orthopaedic and dental titanium implants. High surface roughness is currently obtained by blasting of titanium implants with silica or aluminium abrasive particles. This process includes into the surface abrasive particles and may cause the release of cytotoxic silica or aluminium ions in the peri implant tissue. To overcome this drawback, we currently develop an innovative gridblasting process using Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (BCP) particles (RBBM Resorbable and Biocompatible Blast Media) to generate biocompatible roughened titanium surface.

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Nurhidayanti Nurhidayanti, Lukmanul Hakim Arma, Rusdi Nur, and Abdul Salam. "Experimental Investigation of Fused Deposition Modelling 3D Printing Process on Propeller Blade Roughness Using PLA+." Proceeding of the International Conferences on Engineering Sciences 1, no. 2 (2024): 38–55. https://doi.org/10.61132/iconfes.v1i2.21.

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The manufacturing process now emphasizes producing high-quality products. Additive manufacturing, particularly Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), fulfills these demands by enabling precise fabrication through filament layer extrusion. This study investigates the effects of process parameters, specifically layer thickness and infill density, on the surface roughness of PLA+ polymer material using FDM. Surface orientation plays a crucial role in determining the quality of printed components, such as propeller blades with complex geometries. Surface roughness was analyzed using the Gaussian Filter

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Wang, Le Feng, Bin Guo, Gui Ming Huang, Wei Bin Rong, and Li Ning Sun. "Effects of Asperity Shape on the Adhesion Hysteresis Originated from Surface Roughness." Advanced Materials Research 213 (February 2011): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.213.201.

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Adhesion of solid surfaces plays a significant role in many technical fields especially at micro and nano scale. The effect of asperity shape on the adhesion hysteresis originated from surface roughness has been investigated theoretically in this paper. Based on the adhesive contact model of single asperities with axisymmetric power-law shapes, the roughness-induced adhesion hysteresis is modeled by assuming the asperity heights follow a Gaussian distribution on the rough surface. The analysis results show that the dissipation energy decreases dramatically when the surface becomes rougher for

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