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Journal articles on the topic 'Surface sediment'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Suryono, Chrisna Adhi, Ibnu Pratikto, and Ajeng Rusmaharani. "Logam Berat Anthropogenik Pb dan Cu pada Lapisan Sedimen Permukaan dan Dasar Muara Sungai di Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah Indonesia." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 22, no. 1 (April 13, 2019): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v22i1.3223.

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Semarang coastal areas as specially on river down stream have been develop to industrial, dumpping areas and human settlement. Its will be caused increasing sedimentation and anthropogenic heavy metals accumulation in sediments. In order to assess Pb, and Cu on diferent layers of sediments on three down stream rivers on Semarang, samples of surface and bed sediment were collected for analyzed by ICPMS. The result showed that the heavy metal of Pb on bed layer was higher than Pb on surface sediment, on the other hand Cu on surface sediment was higher than Cu on bed sediments. Unfraternally the

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2

Kamiludin, Udaya, and Yudi Darlan. "KARAKTERISTIK PASIR DI PANTAI DAN LEPAS PANTAI BINUANGEUN, LEBAK-BANTEN." JURNAL GEOLOGI KELAUTAN 11, no. 2 (February 16, 2016): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.11.2.2013.235.

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Pasir merupakan sesuatu penomena yang menarik karena padanya tersimpan misteri bagaimana partikel itu terendapkan sesuai dengan lingkungannya, apakah merupakan pasir pada lingkungan marin, pantai atau sungai. Untuk mengetahui lingkungan pengendapan tersebut maka dilakukan identifikasi karakteristik pasirnya. Metoda penelitan meliputi pengambilan contoh, analisis besar butir, klasifikasi nomenklatur sedimen dan parameter statistik. Klasifikasi nomenklatur sedimen pada endapan sedimen permukaan dasar laut, gisik pasir, tanggul gisik dan endapan sungai aktif didapat pasir sebanyak, masing masing

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3

Rosa, Kátia Kellem da, Rosemary Vieira, and Jefferson Cardia Simões. "Identificação de Mudanças Ambientais Através da Caracterização Sedimentar e Investigação de Processos Glaciogênicos e Paraglaciais no Ambiente Glacial da Geleira Wanda, Ilha Rei George, Antártica (Identification of Environmental Change Through...)." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 6, no. 1 (July 17, 2013): 029. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v6i1.232807.

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Este estudo objetiva identificar as características sedimentares associadas aos depósitos glaciogênicos e sedimentos com modificação por processos não glaciais na área proglacial da geleira Wanda, Ilha Rei George, Antártica. A metodologia foi desenvolvida através de atividades de campo realizadas durante a estação de verão em 2007, 2010 e 2011. Os sedimentos foram analisados para determinar a distribuição granulométrica e características morfoscópicas. Este estudo apresenta resultados de interpretações dos sedimentos coletados na proglacial da geleira Wanda. A análise sedimentar possibilita a

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4

Inamdar, Shreeram, Nathan Sienkiewicz, Alyssa Lutgen, Grant Jiang, and Jinjun Kan. "Streambank Legacy Sediments in Surface Waters: Phosphorus Sources or Sinks?" Soil Systems 4, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems4020030.

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Streambank legacy sediments can contribute substantial amounts of sediments to Mid-Atlantic waterways. However, there is uncertainty about the sediment-bound P inputs and the fate of legacy sediment P in surface waters. We compared legacy sediment P concentrations against other streambank sediments and upland soils and evaluated a variety of P indices to determine if legacy sediments are a source or sink of P to surface waters. Legacy sediments were collected from 15 streambanks in the mid-Atlantic USA. Total P and M3P concentrations and % degree of phosphorus saturation (DPS) values for legac

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Najamuddin, Najamuddin, Irmalita Tahir, Rustam E. Paembonan, and Inayah Inayah. "Pengaruh Karakteristik Sedimen terhadap Distribusi dan Akumulasi Logam Berat Pb dan Zn di Perairan Sungai, Estuaria, dan Pantai." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 23, no. 1 (February 13, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v23i1.5315.

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The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of surface sediment characteristics including texture, organic carbon content, and redox potential of sediments on the distribution and accumulation of heavy metals Pb and Zn in three different water zones of each river, estuary and coast. Sediment texture was determined by pipette method, organic carbon content in sediments using Walkley and Black method, redox potential of sediments measured by Eh Meter, and concentrations of heavy metals Pb and Zn in sediments with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer with graphite furnace system. The result

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6

Hernawan, Undang, and Kris Budiono. "KARAKTERISTIK DAN DISTRIBUSI LUMPUR SIDOARJO SEPANJANG SUNGAI, ESTUARI DAN PERAIRAN PORONG." JURNAL GEOLOGI KELAUTAN 11, no. 2 (February 16, 2016): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.11.2.2013.234.

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Semburan lumpur Sidoarjo (Lusi) di daerah Porong menambah fungsi Sungai Porong menjadi sarana untuk mengalirkan lumpur ke arah laut, karena kemampuan tanggul â€“ tanggul penghalang di sekitar lokasi semburan sangat terbatas. Kondisi ini berdampak pula terhadap terbawanya lumpur lapindo ke perairan Porong. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui sebaran sedimen di sungai, muara dan perairan sekitar Porong terutama yang bersumber dari luapan lumpur Sidoarjo. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 30 sampel sedimen hasil sampling yang diambil di lokasi sungai â€“ muara

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7

Owens, Edward H., Gary A. Sergy, and John Harper. "THE BEHAVIOUR AND TREATMENT OF ORIMULSION® BITUMEN STRANDED ON PEBBLE, COBBLE OR IMPERMEABLE SUBSTRATE SHORELINES." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2005, no. 1 (May 1, 2005): 919–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2005-1-919.

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ABSTRACT Bitumen from an Orimulsion® spill can strand on shorelines in the form or dispersed bitumen or coalesced bitumen. Wetness of the shoreline substrate is an important factor in the adhesion of the bitumen and this in turn significantly effects selection of a treatment technique. Stranded bitumen on the surface of a shoreline that remains wet and/or non adhesive can be removed relatively easily by a combination of low-pressure washing, flooding, and recovery, or by manual and mechanical removal techniques. When stranded on dry surfaces or when interfacial surfaces dry, then the bitumen w

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8

Junakova, N., J. Junak, and M. Balintova. "The effect of physicochemical properties of bottom sediments on nitrogen and phosphorus sorption." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1252, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1252/1/012059.

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Abstract River and reservoir bottom sediments are characterized by their physical and chemical properties, which affect the quality of water and deposited sediments in reservoirs. The grain composition of sediments is their fundamental property that determines the detachment, transport and sedimentation of sediments. In addition to understanding the dynamics of transport and distribution of particles in the watershed, the granularity is closely related to the mineral and chemical composition of the sediment and plays an important role in terms of its ability to bind contaminants. Other importa

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9

Moreton, Steven G., Gunhild C. Rosqvist, Sarah J. Davies, and Michael J. Bentley. "Radiocarbon Reservoir Ages from Freshwater Lakes, South Georgia, Sub-Antarctic: Modern Analogues from Particulate Organic Matter and Surface Sediments." Radiocarbon 46, no. 2 (2004): 621–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200035669.

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Lake sediments have the potential to preserve proxy records of past climate change. Organic material suitable for radiocarbon dating often provides age control of such proxy records. Six shallow freshwater lakes on the sub-Antarctic island of South Georgia were investigated for carbon reservoir effects that may influence age-depth profiles from lake sediment records in this important region. Paired samples of particulate organic matter (POM) from the water column and surface sediment (bulk organic carbon) were analyzed by accelerator mass spectrometry 14C. POM in 4 lakes was found to be in equ

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10

Spencer, K. L., and C. L. MacLeod. "Distribution and partitioning of heavy metals in estuarine sediment cores and implications for the use of sediment quality standards." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 6, no. 6 (December 31, 2002): 989–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-6-989-2002.

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Abstract. Total metal concentrations in surface sediments and historically contaminated sediments were determined in sediment cores collected from three estuaries (Thames, Medway and Blackwater) in south-east England. The partitioning behaviour of metals in these sediments was also determined using a sequential extraction scheme. These data were then compared with sediment quality values (SQVs) to determine the potential ecotoxicological risk to sediment dwelling organisms. When total metal concentrations in surface sediments are examined, no risk to biota in any of the estuaries is indicated.

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11

Cook, Nancy H., and Peter G. Wells. "Toxicity of Halifax Harbour Sediments: an Evaluation of the Microtox® Solid-Phase Test." Water Quality Research Journal 31, no. 4 (November 1, 1996): 673–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1996.037.

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Abstract Subtidal sediments were collected in Halifax Harbour, Nova Scotia, in July and August, 1992, to study sediment toxicity and hazards near the proposed location of a sewage treatment plant and outfall. A set of 110 samples from eight stations was evaluated. Interstitial water from surface (0-2 cm) and subsurface (2-4 cm) sediments was analyzed by the Microtox® 100% toxicity test protocol. The sediment particles were analyzed using the Microtox® solid-phase test. Interstitial water from surface and subsurface sediments from all stations was usually non-toxic, compared to a phenol standar

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12

Liu, Yanguang, Chuanshun Li, Ramlan Bin Omar, Xuefa Shi, Hui Zhang, and Noraswana Nor Faiz. "Sediment Sources and Dispersion on the Western Sunda Shelf, Malay Peninsula, Southern South China Sea." Water 13, no. 20 (October 11, 2021): 2823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13202823.

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Thirty-nine surface sediment samples collected from the western Sunda Shelf off the Malay Peninsula (WSSMP) in the southern South China Sea (SCS) were analysed for grain size, major and trace elemental compositions, and light/heavy mineral contents to trace the sediment sources and their transport mechanisms in the study area. In the WSSMP, the surface sediments are relatively poorly sorted but transportable. A principal component analysis of 37 elements and grain size fractions indicates that the surface sediments can be grouped into four major assemblages in the study area. Integrating with

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13

Weisbrod, Barbara, Susanna A. Wood, Konstanze Steiner, Ruby Whyte-Wilding, Jonathan Puddick, Olivier Laroche, and Daniel R. Dietrich. "Is a Central Sediment Sample Sufficient? Exploring Spatial and Temporal Microbial Diversity in a Small Lake." Toxins 12, no. 9 (September 9, 2020): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12090580.

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(1) Background: Paleolimnological studies use sediment cores to explore long-term changes in lake ecology, including occurrences of harmful cyanobacterial blooms. Most studies are based on single cores, assuming this is representative of the whole lake, but data on small-scale spatial variability of microbial communities in lake sediment are scarce. (2) Methods: Surface sediments (top 0.5 cm) from 12 sites (n = 36) and two sediment cores were collected in Lake Rotorua (New Zealand). Bacterial community (16S rRNA metabarcoding), Microcystis specific 16S rRNA, microcystin synthetase gene E (mcyE

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14

Zafra Mejía, Carlos Alfonso, Javier Temprano González, and Iñaki Tejero Monzón. "Evaluating urban runoff pollution: sediments deposited on a road surface." Ingeniería e Investigación 29, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v29n1.15149.

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The pollution caused by runoff water continues being a great problem in urban areas. Studying the behavior of sediments deposited on a road surface serves to determine the characteristics of their build-up during dry times and wash-off during rainy periods. It will also lead to establishing pollution control mechanisms associated with the sediment deposited on particular types of road surfaces. This paper presents data regarding the sediment accumulating on a road surface in the city of Torrelavega in northern Spain during a 65-day period, during which time 132 samples were collected. Two type

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15

Ngo, Chi Kim Thi, Long Van Hoang, Binh Van Phan, Tinh Nguyen Trinh, Trung Tu Do, Hiep Huu Nguyen, and Nghiem Van Dao. "The characteristics of the surface sediments in Co To island." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 61, no. 2 (April 29, 2020): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2020.61(2).04.

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552 grain size samples and 33 mineral quality defined samples have been collected in the Co To island, Tonkin Bay of Vietnam, to study the distribution and the sediment provenance. The field investigation method, the grain analysis, and the detrital composition examination method have been used to study the characteristics of the surface sediments in Co To island. The obtained results show that the surface sediments in the area consist of ten different fields, namely: sandy gravel, gravelly sand, sand, gravelly muddy sand, sand mixed gravel, muddy sand, gravelly mud mixed sand, silty sand, mud

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Kamel, Nariman H. M. "The Behaviour of134Cs,60Co, and85Sr Radionuclides in Marine Environmental Sediment." Scientific World JOURNAL 2 (2002): 1514–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2002.290.

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This work describes experimental investigations and modelling studies on the sorption of radionuclides134Cs,60Co, and85Sr by certain marine sediments within Egypt. The chemical composition of the marine sediments was determined. The soluble salts were measured for the sediments and the concentrations of the released cations, Al3+, Fe3+, and Si4+, were measured for the sediment materials in 0.1 M NaClO4aqueous solution at different hydrogen ion concentrations. The two main factors that control the uptake of the radionuclides onto the sediment are the pH and the exchangeable capacities of the se

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Searcy, Kristin E., Aaron I. Packman, Edward R. Atwill, and Thomas Harter. "Deposition of Cryptosporidium Oocysts in Streambeds." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 3 (March 2006): 1810–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.3.1810-1816.2006.

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ABSTRACT The transfer of Cryptosporidium oocysts from the surface water to the sediment beds of streams and rivers influences their migration in surface waters. We used controlled laboratory flume experiments to investigate the deposition of suspended Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in streambeds. The experimental results demonstrate that hydrodynamic interactions between an overlying flow and a sediment bed cause oocysts to accumulate in the sediments and reduce their concentrations in the surface water. The association of C. parvum with other suspended sediments increased both the oocysts' ef

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Tye, A. M., S. Chenery, M. R. Cave, and R. Price. "Using 206/207Pb isotope ratios to estimate phosphorus sources in historical sediments of a lowland river system." Journal of Soils and Sediments 21, no. 1 (November 10, 2020): 613–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11368-020-02820-y.

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Abstract Purpose Engineering and dredging strategies to manage sediment, along with river-scouring, can reveal older sediments. These present a unique opportunity to assess past sources of phosphorus (P) inputs into river sediments. We used the sediment concentrations of P, lead (Pb) and 206/207Pb isotopes to produce ‘first-order’ estimates of the source (diffuse agricultural or sewage treatment) of phosphorus. Materials and methods Sediment cores (n = 30) were collected from the length of the non-tidal River Nene, a lowland river in eastern England. Cores were analysed for sediment elemental

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Wang, H., X. Jia, Y. Li, and W. Peng. "Selective deposition response to aeolian–fluvial sediment supply in the desert braided channel of the upper Yellow River, China." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 9 (September 2, 2015): 1955–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-1955-2015.

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Abstract. Rivers flow across aeolian dunes and develop braided stream channels. Both aeolian and fluvial sediment supplies regulate sediment transport and deposition in such cross-dune braided rivers. Here we show a significant selective deposition in response to both aeolian and fluvial sediment supplies in the Ulan Buh desert braided channel. The Ulan Buh desert is the main coarse sediment source for this desert braided channel, and the mean percentage of the coarser (> 0.08 mm) grains on the aeolian dunes surface is 95.34 %. The lateral selective deposition process is developed by the in

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Seleznev, Andrian, Ilia Yarmoshenko, Georgy Malinovsky, Daria Kiseleva, Ekaterina Ilgasheva, Anastasia Ryanskaya, and Alexander Teterin. "Surface stormwater runoff in the formation of contemporary urban surface deposited sediments." E3S Web of Conferences 98 (2019): 07028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199807028.

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Surface runoff represents one of the major mechanism connecting sources, transport, deposition and storage of the particle matter in urban sediment cascade. The urban surface deposited sediment represents a medium for the transport and nonpoint source of pollution in cities. The study is aimed to characterize the role of surface stormwater runoff in accumulation of the contemporary surface deposited sediments in the urban environment taking to account the seasonal factor. The study was conducted on the example of residential area of Ekaterinburg, Russia. The role of the surface stormwater runo

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Satoh, Hisashi, Yoshiyuki Nakamura, and Satoshi Okabe. "Influences of Infaunal Burrows on the Community Structure and Activity of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria in Intertidal Sediments." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 4 (December 22, 2006): 1341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02073-06.

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ABSTRACT Influences of infaunal burrows constructed by the polychaete (Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus) on O2 concentrations and community structures and abundances of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in intertidal sediments were analyzed by the combined use of a 16S rRNA gene-based molecular approach and microelectrodes. The microelectrode measurements performed in an experimental system developed in an aquarium showed direct evidence of O2 transport down to a depth of 350 mm of the sediment through a burrow. The 16S rRNA gene-cloning analysis revealed that th

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Rood, Kenneth M., and Edward J. Hickin. "Suspended-sediment concentration and calibre in relation to surface-flow structure in Squamish River estuary, southwestern British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 26, no. 10 (October 1, 1989): 2172–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e89-183.

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Surface grabs of suspended sediments from boils and the background flow in Squamish Estuary revealed strong differences between the two environments. Boils exhibit higher sediment concentrations and larger particle sizes than the background flow. The higher sediment concentrations and larger grain sizes in boils are related to tidal phase, with maximum concentrations and sediment sizes occurring in the early decelerating phase of the tidal flow. Sediment concentrations and grain sizes in the background flow are comparatively invariant with tidal phase. Boils appear to play an important, if not

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Setiady, Deny, Udaya Kamiludin, and Nienu Yayu Gerhaneu. "JENIS DAN SEBARAN SEDIMEN DI PERAIRAN PAPELA DAN SEKITARNYA, ROTE-NDAO, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR." JURNAL GEOLOGI KELAUTAN 13, no. 3 (February 16, 2016): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.13.3.2015.270.

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Daerah Penelitian terletak di perairan Papela dan sekitarnya yang merupakan bagian dari Selat Rote yang secara administratif merupakan wilayah dari Kabupaten Rote-Ndao, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Di daerah penelitian pada 40 lokasi telah dilakukan pengambilan sedimen dasar laut dengan pemercontoh comot, deskripsi megaskopis dan analisis besar butir. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis sedimen, sebaran sedimen dan lingkungan pengendapannya. Berdasarkan hasil analisis besar butir nomenklatur sedimen di daerah penelitian dijumpai 4 jenis sedimen yaitu: kerikil, pasir, pasir lanauan, la

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Liu, Yang, Peng Zhang, Sen Du, Zhuoru Lin, Yanyan Zhou, Lizhao Chen, Rencheng Yu, and Li Zhang. "Sediment as a Potential Pool for Lipophilic Marine Phycotoxins with the Case Study of Daya Bay of China." Marine Drugs 17, no. 11 (October 31, 2019): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17110623.

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Marine sediments can reserve many environmental pollutants. Lipophilic marine phycotoxins (LMPs) are natural toxic substances widespread in the marine environment; however, evidence of their existence in sediment is scarce. In the present study, in order to explore the occurrence and distribution characteristics of LMPs in sediment, surface sediment samples collected from a tropical area of Daya Bay (DYB) at different seasons, were analyzed using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). According to the results, up to six toxin compounds were detected in sediment samples

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Matmon, Ari, Kyle Nichols, and Robert Finkel. "Isotopic insights into smoothening of abandoned fan surfaces, Southern California." Quaternary Research 66, no. 1 (July 2006): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2006.02.010.

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AbstractCosmogenic nuclide concentrations measured on abandoned fan surfaces along the Mojave section of the San Andreas Fault suggest that sediment is generated, transported, and removed from the fans on the order of 30–40 kyr. We measured in situ produced cosmogenic 10Be, and in some cases 26Al, in boulders (n = 15), surface sediment (n = 15), and one depth profile (n = 9). Nuclide concentrations in surface sediments and boulders underestimate fan ages, suggesting that 10Be accumulation is largely controlled by the geomorphic processes that operate on the surfaces of the fans and not by thei

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Clayton, C. J., and S. J. Hay. "Gas migration mechanisms from accumulation to surface." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 41 (March 30, 1994): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-1995-41-03.

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The driving force for gas migration is buoyancy, aided in some cases by sediment overpressure gradients (pressures above hydrostatic). Resistance to migration is controlled by the-capillary entry pressure into the pore network of the overlying sediments, or by their resistance to fracturing. It can be shown that migration mechanisms vary with depth. Below the upper few hundred metres gas migrates by invading the pore network of the sediment whereas at shallower depths fracturing may occur preferentially. Thus even though gas appears to seep into the water column from fractures it will be more

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Manning, P. C. "Phosphate Ion Interactions at the Sediment–Water Interface in Lake Ontario: Relationship to Sediment Adsorption Capacities." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44, no. 12 (December 1, 1987): 2204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f87-270.

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The chemical forms of iron and phosphorus in surficial sediments of the Niagara Basin of Lake Ontario were determined by Mossbauer spectral and chemical extraction methods. The core locations lie on a transect across a boundary separating sediments displaying a crusty iron- and phosphorus-rich red layer a few centimetres beneath the sediment–water interface from sediments displaying no such layer. Concentrations of nonapatite inorganic phosphorus are relatively low at the surfaces of the layered cores whereas the iron forms are quantitatively similar. It is proposed that the red layers prevent

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Alley, Richard B., Daniel E. Lawson, Edward B. Evenson, and Grahame J. Larson. "Sediment, glaciohydraulic supercooling, and fast glacier flow." Annals of Glaciology 36 (2003): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756403781816121.

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AbstractGlaciers often advance over proglacial sediments, which then may enhance basal motion. For glaciers with abundant meltwater, thermodynamic considerations indicate that the sediment–ice contact in the direction of ice flow tends toward an angle opposed to and somewhat steeper than the surface slope (by slightly more than 50%). A simple model based on this hypothesis yields the extent of over-ridden sediments as a function of sediment thickness and strength, a result that may be useful in guiding additional fieldwork for hypothesis testing. Sediment-floored as well as rock-floored overde

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Chen, Xian, Xiaoming Sun, Zhongwei Wu, Yan Wang, Xiao Lin, and Hongjun Chen. "Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Deep-Sea Sediments from the Ultraslow-Spreading Southwest Indian Ridge: Implications for Hydrothermal Input and Igneous Host Rock." Minerals 11, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11020138.

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Detailed mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of typical surface sediments and hydrothermal deposits collected from the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) were studied by high-resolution XRD, SEM-EDS, XRF, and ICP-MS. The SWIR marine samples can be generally classified into two main categories: surface sediment (biogenic, volcanic) and hydrothermal-derived deposit; moreover, the surface sediment can be further classified into metalliferous and non-metalliferous based on the metalliferous sediment index (MSI). The chemical composition of biogenic sediment (mainly biogeni

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Ren, Ze, Xiaodong Qu, Wenqi Peng, Yang Yu, and Min Zhang. "Nutrients Drive the Structures of Bacterial Communities in Sediments and Surface Waters in the River-Lake System of Poyang Lake." Water 11, no. 5 (May 2, 2019): 930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11050930.

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Lake and its inflow rivers compose a highly linked river-lake system, within which sediment and water are also closely connected. However, our understanding of this linked and interactive system remains unclear. In this study, we examined bacterial communities in the sediments and surface waters in Poyang Lake and its five tributaries. Bacterial communities were determined while using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed significant differences of bacterial communities between sediments and surface waters, as well as between Poyang lake and its tributaries, suggesting t

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Wu, Chao, Xiaodong Wu, Xuguang Ge, Lian Feng, Ya Tan, Jiuyun Yang, Weixiang Ren, and Min Zou. "Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter in Sediments of Typical Lakes in Southeastern Hubei Province, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 12 (June 16, 2022): 7402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127402.

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This study aimed to reveal the distribution characteristics and sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in sediments of typical lakes in the southeastern of the Hubei province and provide a reference for pollution control of eutrophic lakes. The sediments of four typical lakes (Liangzi, Baoan, Daye, and Qingshan) in the southeastern of the Hubei Province were investigated in May 2019. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy and excitation-emission matrixes characteristics of DOM were obtained by UV-Vis spectrophotometry and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy. Moreover,

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Zhang, Lian Kai, Hui Yang, and Wei Jin. "Distribution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Arsenic in the Surface Sediment of Bohai Sea." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 932–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.932.

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Arsenic is a carcinogen to both humans and animals. Thirteen typical surface sediment samples were taken at Tanghe and Daihe in Qinhuangdao, April, 2011. Hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) was used to analyze arsenic (As) concentration. The correlations of sediment arsenic and sediment organic matter (SOM), pH, river water arsenic were discussed. Index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) and potential ecological risk index were cited to assess the arsenic pollution level and its potential ecological risk. The results show that, arsenic in river water sediment, estuary sediment

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Weingarten, Eric A., Lauren A. Lawson, and Colin R. Jackson. "The Saltpan Microbiome Is Structured by Sediment Depth and Minimally Influenced by Variable Hydration." Microorganisms 8, no. 4 (April 8, 2020): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8040538.

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Saltpans are a class of ephemeral wetland characterized by alternating periods of inundation, rising salinity, and desiccation. We obtained soil cores from a saltpan on the Mississippi Gulf coast in both the inundated and desiccated state. The microbiomes of surface and 30 cm deep sediment were determined using Illumina sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Bacterial and archaeal community composition differed significantly between sediment depths but did not differ between inundated and desiccated states. Well-represented taxa included marine microorganisms as well as multiple hal

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Praeger, Thomas H., Stuart D. Messur, and Richard P. DiFiore. "Remediation of PCB-containing sediments using surface water diversion “dry excavation”: a case study." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 6 (March 1, 1996): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0102.

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Remediation of contaminated sediments presents an on-going challenge in the efforts toward improved water quality and environmental restoration. Faced with this challenge, Mercury Marine recently selected a remedial alternative that included diverting creek flow and removing approximately 5,900 in-situ cubic meters of sediments containing PCBs from an impoundment in Cedar Creek. The regulatory objective was to remove all sediment containing PCBs “to the extent practicable” from an 180-meter stretch of the impoundment. A remedial investigation was conducted to collect the data necessary to char

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Nwosu, Ebuka Canisius, Patricia Roeser, Sizhong Yang, Lars Ganzert, Olaf Dellwig, Sylvia Pinkerneil, Achim Brauer, Elke Dittmann, Dirk Wagner, and Susanne Liebner. "From Water into Sediment—Tracing Freshwater Cyanobacteria via DNA Analyses." Microorganisms 9, no. 8 (August 21, 2021): 1778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081778.

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Sedimentary ancient DNA-based studies have been used to probe centuries of climate and environmental changes and how they affected cyanobacterial assemblages in temperate lakes. Due to cyanobacteria containing potential bloom-forming and toxin-producing taxa, their approximate reconstruction from sediments is crucial, especially in lakes lacking long-term monitoring data. To extend the resolution of sediment record interpretation, we used high-throughput sequencing, amplicon sequence variant (ASV) analysis, and quantitative PCR to compare pelagic cyanobacterial composition to that in sediment

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Kurečić, Tomislav, Valentina Hajek Tadesse, Lara Wacha, Marija Horvat, Nina Trinajstić, and Ivan Mišur. "Sub-recent microfauna within allogenic sediments at the bottom of a deep cave, Njemica (Biokovo Mt., Croatia)." International Journal of Speleology 51, no. 3 (November 2022): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/1827-806x.51.3.2428.

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Clastic sediments deposited at the bottom of the vertical, nearly 1000 m deep Njemica Cave (Biokovo Mountain, Croatia) were analysed. Owing to the vertical morphology of the cave, the occurrences of clastic sediments are sparse. Small, up to decimetre-thick, undisturbed sediment accumulations situated near the siphon lake revealed interesting palaeontological and mineralogical data. These data are used as a useful proxy for discussing depositional processes, the provenance of the sediments and paleo-habitats of the subterranean fauna. The sub-recent assemblages of ostracods were discovered wit

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Rognerud, Sigurd, Trond Skotvold, Eirik Fjeld, Stephen A. Norton, and Anders Hobæk. "Concentrations of trace elements in recent and preindustrial sediments from Norwegian and Russian Arctic lakes." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55, no. 6 (June 1, 1998): 1512–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f98-026.

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Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn concentrations in surface and preindustrial freshwater sediments from 66 lakes in the Norwegian and Russian Arctic were used for studying modern atmospheric deposition of these elements. Statistical analysis showed that, after adjusting for the effects of scavenging factors in sediments (organic matter, Al, and Fe), there were, in general, significantly higher concentrations of Hg and Pb in surface sediments than preindustrial sediments. The differences decreased with increasing latitude and increasing longitude to the east, and in the lakes from arctic islands of Sv

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Jiang, L., Y. C. Chen, D. J. Zhu, and Z. W. Liu. "Faecal coliform attachment to settleable suspended sediments in fresh surface waters: linear partition model validation and sediment concentration effects." Water Supply 15, no. 4 (April 1, 2015): 864–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2015.042.

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Controlled experiments were conducted to examine the validity of the linear partition model for faecal coliform (FC) attachment to suspended sediments and assess the impact of sediment concentration on the attachment. Sediments were collected from a river in Beijing, China and the suspended particles &lt;62 μm were separated out and mixed with FC suspensions. The experimental mass specific concentration of attached FC linearly increased with the free-floating FC concentration, with the partition coefficient for four different sediment concentrations ranging from 0.2286 to 0.2695 L/g. Actua

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Sakadevan, K., Huang Zheng, and H. J. Bavor. "Impact of Heavy Metals on Denitrification in Surface Wetland Sediments Receiving Wastewater." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 3 (August 1, 1999): 349–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0181.

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Denitrification in sediment-water systems is a predominant process in the removal of nitrogen from wetlands and sediments receiving recycled water. In this study the impact of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) on denitrification was examined for a wetland sediment receiving recycled water. Results from the study showed that application of 100 mg Cd kg−1 sediment had no effect (P&lt;0.05) on denitrification (161±2.7 mg N kg−1 sediment) compared to the control (162±2.4 mg N kg−1 sediment) which did not receive Cd, Cu or Zn. Addition of 100 mg Cu or Zn kg−1 sediment significantly increa

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Kawara, O. "Study on the Seasonal Variation of Surface Sediment Composition in Estuaries." Water Science and Technology 20, no. 6-7 (June 1, 1988): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0196.

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The purpose of this study, as the first step toward clarifying the pollutant transport mechanism of sediments, is to clarify the characteristics of the seasonal changes of surface sediment composition in estuaries based on observation. Remarkable seasonal variations are found in the particle size distributions and the concentrations of the constituents of the surface sediments, though the patterns of the variations are different in each estuary observed. The seasonal variations of the concentrations show good correspondence to those of the particle size distributions. One cause of the seasonal

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Yuan, Xu Yin, Quan Liu, Ji Zhou Li, Jun Feng Ji, and Chang Ping Mao. "Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Compounds in Water and Surface Sediments from Taihu Lake and Nanjing Section of Changjiang, China." Advanced Materials Research 356-360 (October 2011): 624–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.624.

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Samples of surface water and sediment were collected in Taihu Lake and Nanjing section of Changjiang. Organochlorine compounds(OCCs) of samples were detected to investigate the characteristics and ecological risk of them in the lake and river. The concentrations of OCCs in water of Nanjing section of Changjiang were higher than those in Taihu Lake, but the concentrations of OCCs in sediments were higher in Taihu Lake. HCHs of Taihu sediments were relatively enriched, indicating the agricultural source of compounds. PCBs of Changjiang sediments were higher compared to Taihu sediments, denoting

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Scheckel, Kirk G., Aaron G. B. Williams, Gregory Mc Dermott, David Gratson, Dean Neptune, and James A. Ryan. "Lead Speciation and Bioavailability in Apatite-Amended Sediments." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/689568.

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The in situ sequestration of lead (Pb) in sediment with a phosphate amendment was investigated by Pb speciation and bioavailability. Sediment Pb in preamendment samples was identified as galena (PbS) with trace amounts of absorbed Pb. Sediment exposed to atmospheric conditions underwent conversion to hydrocerussite and anglesite. Sediments mixed with apatite exhibited limited conversion to pyromorphite, the hypothesized end product. Conversion of PbS to pyromorphite is inhibited under reducing conditions, and pyromorphite formation appears limited to reaction with pore water Pb and PbS oxidati

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Andersen, Helle Vang, Jesper Kjølholt, Christian Poll, Steen Øgaard Dahl, Frank Stuer-Lauridsen, Finn Pedersen, and Estelle Bjørnestad. "Environmental risk assessment of surface water and sediments in Copenhagen harbour." Water Science and Technology 37, no. 6-7 (March 1, 1998): 263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0761.

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The environmental risk assessment of Holmen, a former naval base, included characterisation of the sediments with regard to pollution with xenobiotics, heavy metals, nutrients and bacteria, and ecotoxicity. A simple hydraulic model was established, and the release of substances from the sediment to the water was assessed. Sediment biotests with Corophium volutator and porewater biotests with Skeletonema costatum and Acartia tonsa were conducted. The sediment was characterised as strongly contaminated in the major parts of the investigated area. Based on the application of the acid volatile sul

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Forsythe, K. Wayne, Danielle E. Ford, Chris H. Marvin, Richard R. Shaker, Michael W. MacDonald, and Ryan Wilkinson. "Multivariable 3D Geovisualization of Historic and Contemporary Lead Sediment Contamination in Lake Erie." Pollutants 1, no. 1 (February 21, 2021): 29–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pollutants1010004.

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Lead sediment contamination in Lake Erie stems from a long history of natural and synthetic resource production. Sediment samples with variable sampling densities were collected by the Canada Centre for Inland Waters in 1971, 1997/1998, and 2014. The kriging interpolation method was used to create continuous sediment contamination surfaces for time/space comparisons. Change detection analyses identified an overall decreasing trend in high lead pollution levels from 1971 to 2014, while sediments with the lowest concentrations increased in surface area. Lake-wide circulation patterns and bathyme

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Glasser, Neil F., and Michael J. Hambrey. "Tidewater glacier beds: insights from iceberg debris in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard." Journal of Glaciology 47, no. 157 (2001): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756501781832331.

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AbstractThe sediment in icebergs offers an opportunity to sample the otherwise inaccessible beds of modern tidewater glaciers. This paper presents a discussion of the benefits and problems of using iceberg debris to make inferences about the nature of the beds of modern tidewater glaciers. As an example, we present data obtained from icebergs calved from fast-flowing tidewater glaciers in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Sediment samples obtained from 12 icebergs show that clast-rich muddy diamicton is the dominant facies, although muddy gravel and mud are also present in some debris layers. Sediment t

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46

Aleksander-Kwaterczak, Urszula, and Anna Kostka. "Lead in the environment of Lake Wigry (NE Poland)." Limnological Review 11, no. 2 (January 1, 2011): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10194-011-0027-z.

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Lead in the environment of Lake Wigry (NE Poland)Analysis was performed for lead content in the sediments of Lake Wigry (NE Poland), taking into account lithology, basic chemical component content and physical characteristics of sediment, Several hundred sediment samples from different parts of the lake and peatland around the lake, were collected. Their locations were determined by GPS and the depth of sediment by echosounder. The surface layer (0-10 cm) of sediment and sediment cores were taken to determine the spatial and vertical distribution of Pb. Concentrations of lead in the surface se

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Chafiq, Mohamed, Janine Gibert, and Cécile Claret. "Interactions among sediments, organic matter, and microbial activity in the hyporheic zone of an intermittent stream." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f98-208.

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Interactions between surface and subsurface water in intermittent streams are poorly understood. We predicted that surface discharge patterns would influence retention and transport of fine sediments and particulate organic matter in a first-order intermittent stream, which in turn would affect microbial activity at different depths in the sediment. We measured sediments, dissolved and particulate organic carbon, and microbial and bacterial biomass and activity at three depths (surface and 20 and 40 cm) over a period spanning low and high flows at five stations on an intermittent stream. Disch

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Shaiek, Moez, Noureddine Zaaboub, Deniz Ayas, Maria Virgínia Alves Martins, and Mohamed Salah Romdhane. "CRABS AS BIOINDICATORS OF TRACE ELEMENT ACCUMULATION IN MEDITERRANEAN LAGOON (BIZERTE LAGOON, TUNISIA) / CARANGUEJOS USADOS COMO BIOINDICADORES DE ACUMULAÇÃO DE METAIS NUMA LAGUNA MEDITERRÂNEA (LAGUNA DE BIZERTE, TUNÍSIA)." Journal of Sedimentary Environments 3, no. 1 (February 25, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/jse.2018.32950.

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Nine crab species samples, males and females, were collected after homogeneously prospection of sediment surface of Bizerte Lagoon. Crabs were caught by dip net from Bizerte Lagoon during spring 2012. Concentrations of metals (Zn, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn) were evaluated in the carapace and muscle tissue of crabs and in surface sediment samples. Concentrations of metals accumulated in the benthic crabs tissues were compared to the reactive metals content that constitute the bioavailable fraction of the sediments. Total organic carbon and carbonate contents were also determined, since

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Deasy, C., and J. N. Quinton. "Use of rare earth oxides as tracers to identify sediment source areas for agricultural hillslopes." Solid Earth Discussions 2, no. 2 (July 1, 2010): 195–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sed-2-195-2010.

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Abstract. Understanding sediment sources is essential to enable more effective targeting of in-field mitigation approaches to reduce diffuse pollution from agricultural land. In this paper we report on the application of rare earth element oxides to arable soils at hillslope scale in order to determine sediment source areas and their relative importance, using a non-intrusive method of surface spraying. Runoff, sediments and rare earth elements lost from four arable hillslope lengths at a site in the UK with clay soils were monitored from three rainfall events after tracer application. Measure

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Deasy, C., and J. N. Quinton. "Use of rare earth oxides as tracers to identify sediment source areas for agricultural hillslopes." Solid Earth 1, no. 1 (November 26, 2010): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-1-111-2010.

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Abstract. Understanding sediment sources is essential to enable more effective targeting of in-field mitigation approaches to reduce diffuse pollution from agricultural land. In this paper we report on the application of rare earth element oxides to arable soils at hillslope scale in order to determine sediment source areas and their relative importance, using a non-intrusive method of surface spraying. Runoff, sediments and rare earth elements lost from four arable hillslope lengths at a site in the UK with clay soils were monitored from three rainfall events after tracer application. Measure

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