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Journal articles on the topic 'Surface slope'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 19 October 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Shen, Y., R. Lindenbergh, B. Hofland, and R. Kramer. "CHANGE ANALYSIS OF LASER SCANS OF LABORATORY ROCK SLOPES SUBJECT TO WAVE ATTACK TESTING." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W4 (September 13, 2017): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w4-139-2017.

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For better understanding how coastal structures with gentle slopes behave during high energy events, a wave attack experiment representing a storm of 3000 waves was performed in a flume facility. Two setups with different steepness of slope were compared under the same conditions. In order to quantify changes in the rock slopes after the wave attack, a terrestrial laser scanner was used to obtain 3D coordinates of the rock surface before and after each experiment. Next, through a series of processing steps, the point clouds were converted to a suitable 2D raster for change analysis. This allow

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2

Kwon, Young-Hoo, Lonn Hutcheson, Jeffrey B. Casebolt, Joong-Hyun Ryu, and Kunal Singhal. "The Effects of Railroad Ballast Surface and Slope on Rearfoot Motion in Walking." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 28, no. 4 (2012): 457–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.28.4.457.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of transversely sloped ballasted walking surface on gait and rearfoot motion (RFM) parameters. Motion analysis was performed with 20 healthy participants (15 male and 5 female) walking in six surface-slope conditions: two surfaces (solid and ballasted) by three slopes (0, 5, and 10 degrees). The gait parameters (walking velocity, step length, step rate, step width, stance time, and toe-out angle) showed significant surface effect (p= .004) and surface-slope interaction (p= .017). The RFM motion parameters (peak everted/inverted position,

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3

Zhu, Xiaoxiao, Sheng Nie, Cheng Wang, et al. "Estimating Terrain Slope from ICESat-2 Data in Forest Environments." Remote Sensing 12, no. 20 (2020): 3300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12203300.

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The global digital elevation measurement (DEM) products such as SRTM DEM and GDEM have been widely used for terrain slope retrieval in forests. However, the slope estimation accuracy is generally limited due to the DEMs’ low vertical accuracy over complex forest environments. The Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) mission shows excellent potential for slope estimation because of the high elevation accuracy and unique design of beam pairs. This study aimed to explore the possibility of ICESat-2 data for terrain slope retrieval in the United States forests. First, raw ICESat-2

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4

Xie, Huan, Hong Tang, Wenjia Du, and Xiaohua Tong. "A Comparison of Surface Slopes Extracted from ICESat Waveform Data and High Resolution DEM." EPJ Web of Conferences 237 (2020): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023701001.

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Surface slope is an important topographic variable, accurate surface slope can support many research appliacations. Large footprint full waveform data has been used to estimate the surface slope and performes well. In this paper, surface slope within laser footprint is calculated using the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) full waveform data and a high resolution Digital Elevation Model (REMA, the Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica). A comparison is done between two extracted surface slopes, the results show that the slopes extracte

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5

Tang, Hua, Zhenjun Wu, Ailan Che, Conghua Yuan, and Qin Deng. "Failure Mechanism of Rock Slopes under Different Seismic Excitation." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (February 20, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8866119.

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In earthquake-prone areas, special attention should be paid to the study of the seismic stability of rock slope. Particularly, it becomes much more complicated for the rock slopes with weak structural surfaces. In this study, numerical simulation and the shaking table test are carried out to analyze the influence of seismic excitation and structural surface in different directions on dynamic response of rock slope. Huaping slope with bedding structural surfaces and Lijiang slope with discontinuous structural surfaces besides Jinsha River in Yunnan Province are taken as research objects. The re

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6

Tang, Xiao Song, Ying Ren Zheng, and Hui Ming Tang. "Numerical Analysis on the Evolutionary Features of Deformation and Failure Modes of Slope." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.144.

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The failure of slope is a gradual accumulation process. Under the effect of many interior and exterior factors, some parts in the slope reach yield with the increase of stress; sliding surface forms gradually till complete transfixion; with the plastic strain continuous increases, overall failure happens on the slope. Traditional analysis method cannot display the mechanic conditions and the whole process of deformation, transfixion of sliding surfaces and failure. Meanwhile, FEM strength reduction can quantitatively show the deformation features and the process of occurrence and development o

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7

Li, Xun, Yujing Jiang, and Satoshi Sugimoto. "Research on the Influence of Spatial Dimensions on the Stability of Large-Scale Slopes under Heavy Rainfall." GeoHazards 5, no. 3 (2024): 732–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geohazards5030037.

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In engineering practice, slope stability is commonly assessed using a two-dimensional (2D) analysis under the assumption of plane strain conditions. However, when dealing with the complex surface geometries of three-dimensional (3D) slopes, especially under short-term heavy rainfall conditions, relying solely on a 2D cross-sectional analysis may not always yield conservative results compared to 3D slope stability assessments. To investigate the applicability of using 2D cross-sections to represent 3D slopes, this study examines the influence of surface geometries on 3D slope stability. By vary

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8

Mohammad, Omar, and Aomed Tokmachy. "Changes in Discontinuities' Role During Failures with Different Slope Orientation: An Example from Chinarock Area, Koya City, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 57, no. 2E (2024): 67–77. https://doi.org/10.46717/igj.57.2e.6ms-2024-11-15.

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Landslides are dangerous, especially in mountainous regions where road construction is prevalent. Identifying rock discontinuity’s role in failure mode provides a sound tool to create stable slopes. This study analyses discontinuities' role in slopes on the road that cuts the southwestern limb of the Khalikan anticline in the Chinarock area, Koya City, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq. Three slopes were chosen with different slope directions to illustrate the role of changing slope attitudes on discontinuities and potential failure modes. Data from previous works were consulted, and detailed fi

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9

Dixon, Philippe C., and David J. Pearsall. "Gait Dynamics on a Cross-Slope Walking Surface." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 26, no. 1 (2010): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.26.1.17.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cross-slope on gait dynamics. Ten young adult males walked barefoot along an inclinable walkway. Ground reaction forces (GRFs), lower-limb joint kinematics, global pelvis orientation, functional leg-length, and joint reaction moments (JRMs) were measured. Statistical analyses revealed differences across limbs (up-slope [US] and down-slope [DS]) and inclinations (level; 0°; and cross-sloped, 6°). Adaptations included increases of nearly 300% in mediolateral GRFs (p< .001), functional shortening the US-limb and elongation of the DS-limb

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10

MIYAZAKI, KATURA. "KNOTS THAT HAVE MORE THAN TWO ACCIDENTAL SLOPES." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 13, no. 06 (2004): 749–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216504003445.

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An accidental surface in the exterior of a knot in the 3-sphere is a closed essential surface for which there is an annulus in the knot exterior X connecting a loop in the surface and a nontrivial loop in ∂X, the peripheral torus of the knot. The isotopy class of the loop in ∂X is called an accidental slope; each accidental surface has a unique accidental slope. It is known that accidental slopes are integral or 1/0, and there is a knot with two accidental slopes 0 and 1/0. We show that for any integer m≥0, there is a hyperbolic knot which has m+1 accidental surfaces with accidental slopes 0,1

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11

Wen, Sen, Li Min Zhao, and Yu Qing Yuan. "Study on Slope Surface Shape of Homogeneous Soil Slope." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 1158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.1158.

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The research on slope is concentrated on stability analysis at present. Although there is little research on slope surface shape, it has important theoretical and practical significance. Based on guaranteeing the same earthwork, the shape of slope surfaces between single gradient slope surface and two-gradient slope surface whose lower part is steeper than upper part are compared. It’s concluded that (1) based on guaranteeing the same earthwork, two-gradient slope surface, whose lower part is steeper than upper part, is stabler than single gradient slope surface and when the lower part is vert

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12

Yang, Yu-chuan, Hui-ge Xing, Xing-guo Yang, and Jia-wen Zhou. "Determining the Critical Slip Surface of Three-Dimensional Soil Slopes from the Stress Fields Solved Using the Finite Element Method." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7895615.

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The slope stability problem is an important issue for the safety of human beings and structures. The stability analysis of the three-dimensional (3D) slope is essential to prevent landslides, but the most important and difficult problem is how to determine the 3D critical slip surface with the minimum factor of safety in earth slopes. Basing on the slope stress field with the finite element method, a stability analysis method is proposed to determine the critical slip surface and the corresponding safety factor of 3D soil slopes. Spherical and ellipsoidal slip surfaces are considered through t

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13

Huang, Kang, Haipeng Duan, Yuelin Yi, Fei Yu, Shanxiong Chen, and Zhangjun Dai. "Laboratory Model Tests on Flow Erosion Failure Mechanism of a Slope Consisting of Anqing Group Clay Gravel Layer." Geofluids 2021 (March 13, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5559052.

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The Anqing group clay gravel layer is a special geological body composed of gravel and clay. In excavation projects, involving this soil, such a gravel layer, is prone to slope collapse and instability under the influence of rainfall. To clearly understand the failure mechanism and influencing factors of clay gravel slopes, an indoor artificial rainfall erosion model testing was carried out to analyse the effect of various slope ratios, gravel contents, and rainfall intensities. The slope erosion damage form, runoff rate, infiltration rate, scoured material, and slope stability of the clay gra

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14

Zhang, Bin, Maosheng Zhang, Hao Liu, et al. "Water Flow Characteristics Controlled by Slope Morphology under Different Rainfall Capacities and Its Implications for Slope Failure Patterns." Water 14, no. 8 (2022): 1271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14081271.

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The high sensitivity of loess slopes to water has been emphasized in many studies. However, it is still limited in terms of the understanding of slope morphological differentiation on the overall and local failure patterns in slopes, as well as on the acquisition method of hydrological dynamics. In this study, rainfall characteristics and slope surface morphological differences were introduced. Geoelectric and environmental factors were monitored. On this basis, apparent resistivity corrected by seasonal temperature and its relationship with soil water content was calibrated. The water migrati

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15

Zhang, Q., J. Wang, and F. Wu. "Spatial heterogeneity of surface roughness on tilled loess slopes in erosion stages." Soil and Water Research 13, No. 2 (2018): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/130/2017-swr.

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The main soil erosion areas of the Chinese Loess Plateau are tilled slopes. The knowledge of their spatial heterogeneity will contribute to the understanding of erosion mechanisms on a microtopographic scale. In this study, the spatial heterogeneity of four conventionally tilled slopes was examined under simulated rainfall conditions using a semivariogram-based methodological framework. Results show that all tilled slopes have a relatively stable spatial structure and the erosion stages of all tilled slopes have a similar spatial variability. The rainfall in the splash, sheet, and rill erosion

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16

Wu, Qing, Yuee Chen, and Lu Zhang. "Experimental Study of Influence of Grass Coverage on Runoff Shear Force of the Slope Surface." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 1791–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.1791.

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Through outdoor artificial simulation test, the influence of the grass coverage on runoff shear force of the slope surface was studied. The results showed that the slope surface runoff shear force decreased with the increase of the grass coverage. In the experimental condition of 30° slope and 5L/min flow magnitude, runoff average shear force of the bare slope, low coverage and high coverage of the slope surface were respectively 0.9 Pa, 0.5 Pa and 0.3 Pa. The fluctuation changing range along the riser and the test diachronic of the slope surface runoff shear force of all kinds of slopes decre

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17

Chalaturnyk, R. J., J. D. Scott, D. H. K. Chan, and E. A. Richards. "Stresses and deformations in a reinforced soil slope." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 27, no. 2 (1990): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t90-026.

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Nonlinear finite element analyses were performed on a nonreinforced embankment and a polymeric reinforced embankment, with 1:1 side slopes, constructed on competent foundations. The nonreinforced and reinforced embankment analyses are compared to examine the influence of polymeric reinforcement within a soil slope. It is shown that significant reductions in the shearing, horizontal, and vertical strains within the slope occur because of the presence of the reinforcement.The finite element analysis of the reinforced embankment construction gives the magnitude and distribution of load within the

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18

Zuievska, N., L. Shaidetska, T. Kosenko, and Z. Hutsuliak. "Application of engineering measures for the stabilization of the soil slope." Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University 73 (June 2023): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/73.187.

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Purpose. Analysis of the application of engineering measures to stabilize the soil slope with a building located near its edge using the Slide software package Methodology. To achieve this goal, calculations were made to determine the coefficient of slope stability when performing various engineering measures that would stabilize the slope and, if possible, save costs. In conditions of dense urban development, measures to stabilize the slope are chosen on the basis of not only taking into account geological conditions. It is necessary to analyze architectural solutions, landscape, the presence

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19

Harmon, John M., Morgan L. Cable, Scott J. Moreland, and José E. Andrade. "Predicting the Effect of Surface Properties on Enceladus for Landing." Planetary Science Journal 4, no. 8 (2023): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/acec49.

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Abstract The prospect of landing on the surface of Enceladus comes with the question of whether the surface conditions permit selection and certification of one or more safe landing sites in an area of high science value. On Enceladus, the search for biosignatures in plume materials is a high science value objective that correlates with proximity to the south polar terrain, where the plume deposition rate is highest; however, such areas may be unsafe if unsintered particles make the landing site unstable. To investigate this, the surface of Enceladus was modeled using the level set discrete el

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20

Yi, Donghui, H. Jay Zwally, and Xiaoli Sun. "ICESat measurement of Greenland ice sheet surface slope and roughness." Annals of Glaciology 42 (2005): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756405781812691.

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AbstractThe Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) in its 8 day repeat orbit mode provided data not only on the along-track surface slope, but also on the cross-track surface slope from adjacent repeat ground tracks. During the first 36 days of operation, four to five such repeat orbits occurred within 1 km in the cross-track direction. This provided an opportunity to use ICESat data to measure surface slope in the cross-track direction at 1 km scale. An algorithm was developed to calculate the cross-track surface slope. Combining the slopes in the cross-track and along-track directi

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21

Pingree, R. D., and B. Le Cann. "Structure, strength and seasonality of the slope currents in the Bay of Biscay region." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 70, no. 4 (1990): 857–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400059117.

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Slope currents in the Bay of Biscay show a consistent poleward transport but seasonal trends and vertical current structure appear more variable. Indeed more long term records are required to establish seasonal trends firmly.In the south of the region (Spanish slopes, mooring 118), the upper-slope (water depth 1005 m) flow exhibited a strong vertical structure with the maximum surface inflow occurring in the winter period, and this effect may be wind induced. Satellite imagery shows that this flow originates from the Iberian slope and that a decreasing along-slope surface transport occurs alon

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22

Repadi, J. A., F. Bari, F. A. Ismail, A. Andriani, and A. Hakam. "A new slip surface in noncohesive slopes." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1212, no. 1 (2022): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1212/1/012033.

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Abstract Determining the slope slip surface is difficult, prominent and uncertain. Slip-surface are utilized to estimate slope safety. This study aimed at investigating the slip surface caused by statistical loads by using experimental testing methods. The experimental method was conducted by providing a statistical load on the sand slope The load was used until the slope collapsed. Sand slopes were modeled in a glass box measuring 110 cm x 40 cm x 10 cm. The sand material used was sand that passed through sieve no.10 and was held by sieve no. 200. At a distance of 2.5 cm horizontally and at a

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23

Zhao, Lianheng, Nan Qiao, Zhigang Zhao, Shi Zuo, and Xiang Wang. "Comparative study of material point method and upper bound limit analysis in slope stability analysis." Transportation Safety and Environment 2, no. 1 (2020): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tse/tdaa002.

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Abstract The upper bound limit analysis (UBLA) is one of the key research directions in geotechnical engineering and is widely used in engineering practice. UBLA assumes that the slip surface with the minimum factor of safety (FSmin) is the critical slip surface, and then applies it to slope stability analysis. However, the hypothesis of UBLA has not been systematically verified, which may be due to the fact that the traditional numerical method is difficult to simulate the large deformation. In this study, in order to systematically verify the assumption of UBLA, material point method (MPM),

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24

Nearing, Mark A., Viktor O. Polyakov, Mary H. Nichols, et al. "Slope–velocity equilibrium and evolution of surface roughness on a stony hillslope." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 6 (2017): 3221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3221-2017.

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Abstract. Slope–velocity equilibrium is hypothesized as a state that evolves naturally over time due to the interaction between overland flow and surface morphology, wherein steeper areas develop a relative increase in physical and hydraulic roughness such that flow velocity is a unique function of overland flow rate independent of slope gradient. This study tests this hypothesis under controlled conditions. Artificial rainfall was applied to 2 m by 6 m plots at 5, 12, and 20 % slope gradients. A series of simulations were made with two replications for each treatment with measurements of runo

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Xie, Jiren, Taro Uchimura, Chao Huang, Zain Maqsood, and Jingli Tian. "Experimental Study on the Relationship between the Velocity of Surface Movements and Tilting Rate in Pre-Failure Stage of Rainfall-Induced Landslides." Sensors 21, no. 18 (2021): 5988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21185988.

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With the development of deformation measuring technology at slope surfaces, prediction methods for rainfall-induced landslides based on the surface movements and tilting of slopes in the pre-failure stage have been recognized as a promising technique for risk reduction of slope failure triggered by rainfall. However, the correlation and possible mechanism for these prediction methods were rarely discussed. In this study, the comparison between the prediction methods of slope failure based on the time history of surface displacements and tilting in the acceleration stage was carried out by cond

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Liu, Chuanzheng, Gang Wang, and Wei Han. "Effect of Slip Surface’s Continuity on Slope Dynamic Stability Based on Infinite Slope Model." Mathematics 7, no. 1 (2019): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math7010058.

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The slip surface is an important control structure surface existing in the landslide. It not only directly affects the stability of the slope through the strength, but also affects the stress field by affecting the propagation of the stress wave. Many research results have been made on the influence of non-continuous stress wave propagation in rock and soil mass and the dynamic response to seismic slopes. However, the effect of the continuity of the slip surface on the slope dynamic stability needs further researches. Therefore, in this paper, the effect of slip surface on the slope’s instanta

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27

Wang, Na, Lei Wang, Liang Jin, et al. "Rainfall Runoff and Nitrogen Loss Characteristics on the Miyun Reservoir Slope." Water 16, no. 5 (2024): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16050786.

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Rainfall intensity and slope gradient are the main drivers of slope surface runoff and nitrogen loss. To explore the distribution of rainfall runoff and nitrogen loss on the Miyun Reservoir slopes, we used artificial indoor simulated rainfall experiments to determine the distribution characteristics and nitrogen migration paths of surface and subsurface runoff under different rainfall intensities and slope gradients. The initial runoff generation time of subsurface runoff lagged that of surface runoff, and the lag time under different rainfall intensity and slope conditions ranges from 3.97 to

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28

Higgin, Dwight, Alexander Krupka, Omid Haji Maghsoudi, et al. "Adaptation to slope in locomotor-trained spinal cats with intact and self-reinnervated lateral gastrocnemius and soleus muscles." Journal of Neurophysiology 123, no. 1 (2020): 70–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00018.2019.

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Sensorimotor training providing motion-dependent somatosensory feedback to spinal locomotor networks restores treadmill weight-bearing stepping on flat surfaces in spinal cats. In this study, we examined if locomotor ability on flat surfaces transfers to sloped surfaces and the contribution of length-dependent sensory feedback from lateral gastrocnemius (LG) and soleus (Sol) to locomotor recovery after spinal transection and locomotor training. We compared kinematics and muscle activity at different slopes (±10° and ±25°) in spinalized cats ( n = 8) trained to walk on a flat treadmill. Half of

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Zhabko, A. V. "A variational method of slope stability assessment." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 3S/2024 (August 10, 2024): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2024-3s-06-13.

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The article discusses the variational method of assessing slope stability, which is based on the limit equilibrium method, but in contrast to the engineering techniques of stability assessment allows a mathematical justification (the variational calculus) of a single most dangerous slip surface in the rock mass, including the torsion angles and distribution of the interslice forces in its various sections. The main ideas and provisions of the proposed theory or concept, i.e. the variational method of slope stability calculation, are: 1) definition of the shape and position of the slip surface

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Yuan, L., F. Li, S. Zhang, et al. "ANTARCTIC ICE SHEET SLOPE AND ASPECT BASED ON ICESAT’S REPEAT ORBIT MEASUREMENT." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W7 (September 14, 2017): 1579–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w7-1579-2017.

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Accurate information of ice sheet surface slope is essential for estimating elevation change by satellite altimetry measurement. A study is carried out to recover surface slope of Antarctic ice sheet from Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) elevation measurements based on repeat orbits. ICESat provides repeat ground tracks within 200 meters in cross-track direction and 170 meters in along-track direction for most areas of Antarctic ice sheet. Both cross-track and along-track surface slopes could be obtained by adjacent repeat ground tracks. Combining those measurements yields a su

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Nian, T. K., R. Q. Huang, S. S. Wan, and G. Q. Chen. "Three-dimensional strength-reduction finite element analysis of slopes: geometric effects." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 49, no. 5 (2012): 574–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t2012-014.

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The vast majority of slopes, both natural and constructed, exhibit a complex geometric configuration and three-dimensional (3D) state, whereas slopes satisfying the assumption of plane strain (infinite length) are seldom encountered. Existing research mainly emphasizes the 3D dimensions and boundary effect in slope stability analysis; however, the effect of complex geometric ground configuration on 3D slope stability is rarely reported. In this paper, an elastoplastic finite-element method using strength-reduction techniques is used to analyze the stability of special 3D geometric slopes. A ty

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Wang, Haitao, Shuang He, Kamel Mohamed Eltohamy, et al. "Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss via Surface Flow and Interflow in Subtropical Chinese Tea Plantations: A Comparative Analysis Under Two Slope Gradients." Water 17, no. 9 (2025): 1249. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17091249.

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Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses from sloping agricultural lands through runoff are a significant environmental concern, yet their transport mechanisms across different slope gradients are not well understood. Therefore, we built an experimental site in a subtropical hilly region of China to explore the patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in tea plantations under typical slopes. We set two slope gradients of 20° and 30°, with three plots for each gradient. We quantified the loss of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) through surface flow and interflow on these two slope gradients. We al

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Ketcheson, Scott J., and Jonathan S. Price. "Comparison of the hydrological role of two reclaimed slopes of different ages in the Athabasca oil sands region, Alberta, Canada." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 53, no. 9 (2016): 1533–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2015-0391.

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Establishing hydrological connectivity in reconstructed landscapes, and understanding how this connectivity evolves over time, is critical for the development of effective water management strategies after oil sands extraction. In the current study, the dominant controls on the soil water regimes and runoff generation mechanisms on two contrasting reclaimed slopes (2 and 6 years after reclamation) in the Athabasca oil sands region are investigated. The most recently reclaimed slope demonstrated a hydrologic regime with limited soil water storage due to a low surface infiltration capacity that

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Telhan, Gaurav, Jason R. Franz, Jay Dicharry, Robert P. Wilder, Patrick O. Riley, and D. Casey Kerrigan. "Lower Limb Joint Kinetics During Moderately Sloped Running." Journal of Athletic Training 45, no. 1 (2010): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-45.1.16.

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Abstract Context: Knowledge of the kinetic changes that occur during sloped running is important in understanding the adaptive gait-control mechanisms at work and can provide additional information about the poorly understood relationship between injury and changes in kinetic forces in the lower extremity. A study of these potential kinetic changes merits consideration, because training and return-to-activity programs are potentially modifiable factors for tissue stress and injury risk. Objective: To contribute further to the understanding of hill running by quantifying the 3-dimensional alter

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Sasahara, Katsuo, Nobutaka Hiraoka, Naotaka Kikkawa, and Kazuya Itoh. "Development of the surface displacement velocity in a full-scale loamy model slope under multistep excavation." Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 80, no. 6 (2021): 4389–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10064-021-02226-1.

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AbstractMultistep excavations were implemented at the toe of a large-scale slope model, and the surface displacements in the slope were measured to examine the validity of the relationship between the velocity and acceleration proposed by Fukuzono for excavated slopes. The surface displacement increased both during and after slope excavation, among which the latter was due to creep deformation under a constant stress. The rate of increase in the surface displacement was initially high and then decreased to zero during creep deformation after the excavation without slope failure. However, the s

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Wang, Feichao, Guoce Xu, Lin Li, et al. "Response Relationship between Microtopographic Variation and Slope Erosion under Sand-Cover." Water 11, no. 12 (2019): 2488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11122488.

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Slope microtopography is an important factor that affects the process of slope erosion. We quantified the responses between microtopography and the amount of erosion on overland sand slope and loess slopes through an indoor artificial simulated rainfall experiment. Three continuous rainfall tests under 1.5 mm/min rain intensity were used to analyze the spatial variation of slope microtopography and soil erosion with three-dimensional laser scanning technology. Our results show that under 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 cm sand-covered slopes, the runoff time of the first rainfall is delayed by 18, 19, and 2

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Zhang, Jian, Fangrui Hu, Qi Zhang, et al. "Evaluation of the Effects of Rainfall Infiltration Boundaries on the Stability of Unsaturated Soil Slopes Using the Particle Flow Code." Water 16, no. 24 (2024): 3704. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16243704.

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Rainfall infiltration is the primary triggering factor for the instability of unsaturated slopes. At present, rainfall-induced landslides are mainly considered to be influenced by the overall infiltration conditions, while few investigations have been conducted on the influence of infiltration boundaries on slope instability. This study proposes a rainfall infiltration method using a discrete element model (DEM), which is based on saturated–unsaturated seepage theory. The influence of three infiltration boundaries on the instability of homogeneous unsaturated soil slopes was studied. The resul

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Fan, Junwei, Shijiao Yang, Bo Deng, Bing Sun, and Taoying Liu. "A New Technique of Lattice Beam Construction with Pre-Anchoring for Strengthening Cut Slope: A Numerical Analysis of Temporary Stability during Excavation." Buildings 12, no. 11 (2022): 1930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111930.

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In consideration of the temporary stability of the cutting slope during construction and its permanent stability under long-term service, a new technique of lattice beam construction with anchors pre-set in the slope from the original ground surface before cutting was proposed, and its construction process was briefly introduced. Compared with the model without pre-set anchors, the effectiveness of pre-setting anchors to strengthen the cutting slope during multi-excavation was verified in the numerical software FLAC3D. Various factors such as the factor of safety (FOS) and the maximum shear st

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Hazelton, Andrew T., Robert Rogers, and Robert E. Hart. "Shear-Relative Asymmetries in Tropical Cyclone Eyewall Slope." Monthly Weather Review 143, no. 3 (2015): 883–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-14-00122.1.

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Abstract Recent studies have analyzed the azimuthal mean slope of the tropical cyclone (TC) eyewall. This study looks at the shear-relative azimuthal variability of different metrics of eyewall slope: the 20-dBZ surface, the radius of maximum wind (RMW), and an angular momentum (M) surface passing through the RMW. The data used are Doppler radar composites from the NOAA Hurricane Research Division (HRD). This study examines 34 TCs, with intensities ranging from 3 to 75 m s−1 and shear magnitudes ranging from 0 to 10 m s−1. Calculation of the mean slope in each quadrant for all cases shows that

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Machuga, Oleg, Mykola Borys, and Yurii Lusta. "Methods of the terrain allowable slope determining for safe operation of specialized equipment under the non-stationary load action." Mechanics and Advanced Technologies 6, no. 2 (2022): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2521-1943.2022.6.2.257604.

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The operation of modern high-tech equipment requires a clear delineation of safe conditions for its operation. To a large extent, this applies to machines that move and work on untreated soil surface: forestry machinery, agricultural machinery, road construction machinery, military equipment, and so on. Asymmetry of the location of the working bodies, work on surfaces with a lateral slope, non-stationary interaction with the working environment - these are the factors that increase operational risks. Objective of this study is to establish the limits of safe operation of specialized machines o

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Picard, Ghislain, Marie Dumont, Maxim Lamare, et al. "Spectral albedo measurements over snow-covered slopes: theory and slope effect corrections." Cryosphere 14, no. 5 (2020): 1497–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-1497-2020.

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Abstract. Surface albedo is an essential variable to determine the Earth's surface energy budget, in particular for snow-covered areas where it is involved in one of the most powerful positive feedback loops of the climate system. In situ measurements of broadband and spectral albedo are therefore common. However they are subject to several artefacts. Here we investigate the sensitivity of spectral albedo measurements to surface slope, and we propose simple correction algorithms to retrieve the intrinsic albedo of a slope from measurements, as if it were flat. For this, we first derive the ana

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Palermo, Vincenzo. "Slope-controlled surface instabilities." Philosophical Magazine Letters 84, no. 3 (2004): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500830310001660080.

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Zhang, J., L. M. Zhang, and Wilson H. Tang. "New methods for system reliability analysis of soil slopes." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 48, no. 7 (2011): 1138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t11-009.

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A slope may have many possible slip surfaces. As sliding along any slip surface can cause slope failure, the system failure probability of a slope is different from the probability of failure along an individual slip surface. In this paper, we first suggest an efficient method for evaluating the system failure probability of a slope that considers a large number of possible slip surfaces. To obtain more insights into the system failure probability of a slope, we also propose a method to identify a few representative slip surfaces most important for system reliability analysis among a large num

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Haupt, S., B. Sibolla, and L. W. Mdakane. "TIME SERIES INSAR ANALYSIS FOR SLOPE STABILITY MONITORING USING SENTINEL-1 IN OPEN PIT MINING." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-1/W2-2023 (December 13, 2023): 945–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-1-w2-2023-945-2023.

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Abstract. Surface mining is an important economic activity in many regions where mineral resources are located close to the surface. The process of ore extraction is characterised by high pit walls with steep slopes. The mining process introduces significant stress and strain changes that could lead to movement on the slope face. Slope failure on the pit walls can occur without warning and can lead to loss of life and disruptions to the mining process. The monitoring of slopes remains the most reliable way to detect movement on unstable slopes. Therefore, slope monitoring programmes have been

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Michalowski, Radoslaw L. "Expanding collapse in partially submerged granular soil slopes." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 46, no. 12 (2009): 1371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t09-064.

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The traditional approach to stability analysis of granular slopes leads to the safety factor that is associated with a planar failure surface approaching the slope face, whether the slope is “dry” or submerged. However, for partially submerged slopes, a more critical, nonplanar failure surface can be formed. A family of geometrically similar surfaces can be found that is characterized by the same safety factor. If the safety factor drops down to unity and the slope becomes unstable, then a mechanism of any size can form. Alternatively, the failure may start at some small region and then the vo

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Wang, Shuhong, Chengjin Zhu, Pengyu Wang, and Zishan Zhang. "Stability Analysis of Slope with Multiple Sliding Surfaces Based on Dynamic Strength-Reduction DDA Method." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (November 11, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2183732.

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The present study aims to elucidate the problem of a rock mass structural plane with a range of damage degrees and the numerical model selection for analysis of a slope with multiple sliding surfaces. Based on the relative displacement between blocks, the dynamic strength reduction-discontinuous deformation analysis (hereinafter referred to as DSR-DDA) method is proposed for studying slopes with multiple sliding surfaces. The slope-slider classic case was used to test the displacement threshold. The model was applied to the stability analysis of multiple sliding surfaces of a high rock slope i

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Wang, Y., and B. Wu. "IMPROVED LARGE-SCALE SLOPE ANALYSIS ON MARS BASED ON CORRELATION OF SLOPES DERIVED WITH DIFFERENT BASELINES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W1 (July 25, 2017): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w1-155-2017.

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The surface slopes of planetary bodies are important factors for exploration missions, such as landing site selection and rover manoeuvre. Generally, high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) such as those generated from the HiRISE images on Mars are preferred to generate detailed slopes with a better fidelity of terrain features. Unfortunately, high-resolution datasets normally only cover small area and are not always available. While lower resolution datasets, such as MOLA, provide global coverage of the Martian surface. Slopes generated from the low-resolution DEM will be based on a l

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Zhi, Song, and Liu Yang. "Dynamic Response Differences Between Bedding and Counter-Tilt Rock Slopes with Intercalated Weak Layers." Journal of Disaster Research 11, no. 4 (2016): 681–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2016.p0681.

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Bedding and counter-tilt rock slope with intercalated weak layers are common geological bodies in west China, the dynamic response research will guide the anti-seismic reinforcement of bedding and counter-tilt rock slope with intercalated weak layer effectively. Two test models of bedding rock slope with intercalated weak layer and counter-tilt rock slope with intercalated weak layer, which are in the same size, have been designed and developed. A large scale shaking table test has been performed to analyze the dynamic response difference of bedding and counter-tilt rock slope with intercalate

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Rumbyarso, Yonas Prima Arga, and Gali Pribadi. "Analisis Stabilitas Lereng dengan Metode Bishop pada Proyek Geotechnical Investigation Jalur Transportasi Pelabuhan Batubara Marangkayu Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara." JURNAL KRIDATAMA SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 5, no. 02 (2023): 562–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.53863/kst.v5i02.987.

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A slope is a surface that has a slope and forms a certain angle to the horizontal plane and is not protected. The slope and angle formed cause the slopes to have differences in surface height. Differences in slope surface height result in forces acting to push, and also forces in the soil acting to resist or resist, so that the position of the soil remains stable. The stability of a slope is expressed in the slope safety factor which is obtained or obtained by comparing the holding force and the pushing force. Based on topographic data of ground investigation drilling points on the Marangkayu

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Lee, Kyutae, Ali R. Firoozfar, and Marian Muste. "Technical Note: Monitoring of unsteady open channel flows using the continuous slope-area method." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 3 (2017): 1863–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1863-2017.

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Abstract. The advent of low-cost pressure transducers capable of directly measuring water surface elevation enables continuous measurements of dynamic water surface slopes. This opens up a new possibility of dynamically monitoring unsteady flows (i.e., hysteresis) during the course of flood wave propagation. Hysteresis in this context refers to a looped stage–discharge rating caused by unsteadiness of flows. Hysteresis is monitored in this study using a continuous slope area (CSA) method, which uses Manning's equation to calculate unsteady discharges based on continuously measured water surfac

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